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Peng Y, Huan Y, Chen JJ, Chen TJ, Lei L, Yang JL, Shen ZF, Gong T, Zhu P. Microbial biotransformation to obtain stilbene methylglucoside with GPR119 agonistic activity. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1148513. [PMID: 37032867 PMCID: PMC10081513 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1148513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Limitation of pharmaceutical application of resveratrol (RSV) and piceatannol (PIC) continue to exist, there is a need to obtain the superior analogs of two stilbenes with promoted activity, stability, and bioavailability. Microbial transformation has been suggested as a common and efficient strategy to solve the above problems. Methods In this study, Beauveria bassiana was selected to transform RSV and PIC. LC-MS and NMR spectroscopies were used to analyze the transformed products and identify their structures. The biological activities of these metabolites were evaluated in vitro with GPR119 agonist and insulin secretion assays. Single factor tests were employed to optimize the biotransformation condition. Results Three new methylglucosylated derivatives of PIC (1-3) and two known RSV methylglucosides (4 and 5) were isolated and characterized from the fermentation broth. Among them, 1 not only showed moderate GPR119 agonistic activity with 65.9%, but also promoted insulin secretion level significantly (12.94 ng/mg protein/hour) at 1 μM. After optimization of fermentation conditions, the yield of 1 reached 45.53%, which was increased by 4.2-fold compared with the control. Discussion Our work presents that 3-O-MG PIC (1), obtained by microbial transformation, is an effective and safer ligand targeting GPR119, which lays a foundation for the anti-diabetic drug design in the future.
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Hydroxylation of Progesterone and Its Derivatives by the Entomopathogenic Strain Isaria farinosa KCh KW1.1. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137015. [PMID: 35806021 PMCID: PMC9266320 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Progesterone biotransformation is worth studying because of the high industrial value of its derivatives. This study investigated the catalytic ability of the entomopathogenic filamentous fungus strain Isaria farinosa KCh KW1.1 to transform progesterone derivatives: 11α-hydroxyprogesterone, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone, 16α,17α-epoxyprogesterone and pregnenolone. In the culture of Isaria farinosa KCh KW1.1, 11α-hydroxyprogesterone was effectively transformed into only one product: 6β,11α-dihydroxyprogesterone. Transformation of 17α-hydroxyprogesterone gave three hydroxy derivatives: 6β,17α-dihydroxyprogesterone, 12β,17α-dihydroxyprogesterone and 6β,12β,17α-trihydroxyprogesterone. Two products: 6β-hydroxy-16α,17α-epoxyprogesterone and 6β,11α-dihydroxy-16α,17α-epoxyprogesterone, were obtained from the 16α,17α-epoxyprogesterone transformation. We isolated two compounds from the biotransformation medium with pregnenolone: 11α-hydroxy-7-oxopregnenolone and 5α,6α-epoxy-3β,11α-dihydroxypregnan-7,20-dione. In this study, we observed only mono- and dihydroxy derivatives of the tested substrates, and the number of obtained products for each biotransformation did not exceed three.
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Łyczko P, Panek A, Ceremuga I, Świzdor A. The catalytic activity of mycelial fungi towards 7-oxo-DHEA - an endogenous derivative of steroidal hormone dehydroepiandrosterone. Microb Biotechnol 2021; 14:2187-2198. [PMID: 34327850 PMCID: PMC8449666 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Seventeen species of fungi belonging to thirteen genera were screened for the ability to carry out the transformation of 7-oxo-DHEA (7-oxo-dehydroepiandrosterone). Some strains expressed new patterns of catalytic activity towards the substrate, namely 16β-hydroxylation (Laetiporus sulphureus AM498), Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of ketone in D-ring to lactone (Fusicoccum amygdali AM258) and esterification of the 3β-hydroxy group (Spicaria divaricata AM423). The majority of examined strains were able to reduce the 17-oxo group of the substrate to form 3β,17β-dihydroxy-androst-5-en-7-one. The highest activity was reached with Armillaria mellea AM296 and Ascosphaera apis AM496 for which complete conversion of the starting material was achieved, and the resulting 17β-alcohol was the sole reaction product. Two strains of tested fungi were also capable of stereospecific reduction of the conjugated 7-keto group leading to 7β-hydroxy-DHEA (Inonotus radiatus AM70) or a mixture of 3β,7α,17β-trihydroxy-androst-5-ene and 3β,7β,17β-trihydroxy-androst-5-ene (Piptoporus betulinus AM39). The structures of new metabolites were confirmed by MS and NMR analysis. They were also examined for their cholinesterase inhibitory activity in an enzymatic-based assay in vitro test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Łyczko
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 25, Wrocław, 50-375, Poland
| | - Anna Panek
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 25, Wrocław, 50-375, Poland
| | - Ireneusz Ceremuga
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wrocław Medical University, Chałubińskiego 10, Wrocław, 50-368, Poland
| | - Alina Świzdor
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 25, Wrocław, 50-375, Poland
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Pereira dos Santos VH, Coelho Neto DM, Lacerda Júnior V, Borges WDS, de Oliveira Silva E. Fungal Biotransformation: An Efficient Approach for Stereoselective Chemical Reactions. CURR ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272824999201111203506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
There is great interest in developing chemical technologies to achieve regioselective
and stereoselective reactions since only one enantiomer is required for producing the
chiral leads for drug development. These selective reactions are provided by traditional
chemical synthetic methods, even under expensive catalysts and long reaction times. Filamentous
fungi are efficient biocatalysts capable of catalyzing a wide variety of reactions with
significant contributions to the development of clean and selective processes. Although some
enzymes have already been employed in isolated forms or as crude protein extracts as catalysts
for conducting selective reactions, the use of whole-cell provides advantages regarding
cofactor regenerations. It is also possible to carry out conversions at chemically unreactive
positions and to perform racemic resolution through microbial transformation. The current
literature contains several reports on the biotransformation of different compounds by fungi, which generated chemical
analogs with high selectivity, using mild and eco-friendly conditions. Prompted by the enormous pharmacological
interest in the development of stereoselective chemical technologies, this review covers the biotransformations catalyzed
by fungi that yielded chiral products with enantiomeric excesses published over the period 2010-2020. This
work highlights new approaches for the achievement of a variety of bioactive chiral building blocks, which can be a
good starting point for the synthesis of new compounds combining biotransformation and synthetic organic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Eliane de Oliveira Silva
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
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Kozłowska E, Matera A, Sycz J, Kancelista A, Kostrzewa-Susłow E, Janeczko T. New 6,19-oxidoandrostan derivatives obtained by biotransformation in environmental filamentous fungi cultures. Microb Cell Fact 2020; 19:37. [PMID: 32066453 PMCID: PMC7026961 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-020-01303-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Steroid compounds with a 6,19-oxirane bridge possess interesting biological activities including anticonvulsant and analgesic properties, bacteriostatic activity against Gram-positive bacteria and selective anti-glucocorticoid action, while lacking mineralocorticoid and progestagen activity. Results The study aimed to obtain new derivatives of 3β-acetyloxy-5α-chloro-6,19-oxidoandrostan-17-one by microbial transformation. Twelve filamentous fungal strains were used as catalysts, including entomopathogenic strains with specific activity in the transformation of steroid compounds. All selected strains were characterised by high biotransformation capacity for steroid compounds. However, high substrate conversions were obtained in the cultures of 8 strains: Beauveria bassiana KCh BBT, Beauveria caledonica KCh J3.4, Penicillium commune KCh W7, Penicillium chrysogenum KCh S4, Mucor hiemalis KCh W2, Fusarium acuminatum KCh S1, Trichoderma atroviride KCh TRW and Isaria farinosa KCh KW1.1. Based on gas chromatography (GC) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses, it was found that almost all strains hydrolysed the ester bond of the acetyl group. The strain M. hiemalis KCh W2 reduced the carbonyl group additionally. From the P. commune KCh W7 and P. chrysogenum KCh S4 strain cultures a product of D-ring Baeyer–Villiger oxidation was isolated, whereas from the culture of B. bassiana KCh BBT a product of hydroxylation at the 11α position and oxidation of the D ring was obtained. Three 11α-hydroxy derivatives were obtained in the culture of I. farinosa KCh KW1.1: 3β,11α-dihydroxy-5α-chloro-6,19-oxidoandrostan-17-one, 3β,11α,19-trihydroxy-5α-chloro-6,19-oxidoandrostan-17-one and 3β,11α-dihydroxy-5α-chloro-6,19-oxidoandrostan-17,19-dione. They are a result of consecutive reactions of hydrolysis of the acetyl group at C-3, 11α- hydroxylation, then hydroxylation at C-19 and its further oxidation to lactone. Conclusions As a result of the biotransformations, seven steroid derivatives, not previously described in the literature, were obtained: 3β-hydroxy-5α-chloro-6,19-oxidoandrostan-17-one, 3β,17α-dihydroxy-5α-chloro-6,19-oxidoandrostane, 3β-hydroxy-5α-chloro-17α-oxa-D-homo-6,19-oxidoandrostan-17-one, 3β,11α-dihydroxy-5α-chloro-17α-oxa-D-homo-6,19-oxidoandrostan-17-one and the three above–mentioned 11α-hydroxy derivatives. This study will allow a better understanding and characterisation of the catalytic abilities of individual microorganisms, which is crucial for more accurate planning of experiments and achieving more predictable results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Kozłowska
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Agata Matera
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jordan Sycz
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna Kancelista
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Edyta Kostrzewa-Susłow
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Tomasz Janeczko
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland.
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Ilovaisky AI, Merkulova VM, Vil' VA, Chernoburova EI, Shchetinina MA, Loguzov SD, Dmitrenok AS, Zavarzin IV, Terent'ev AO. Regioselective Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation of Steroidal Ketones to Lactones Using BF3/H2O2. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexey I. Ilovaisky
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; 47 Leninsky Prospect 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
- All-Russian Research Institute for Phytopathology; 143050 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Valentina M. Merkulova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; 47 Leninsky Prospect 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Vera A. Vil'
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; 47 Leninsky Prospect 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
- All-Russian Research Institute for Phytopathology; 143050 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Elena I. Chernoburova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; 47 Leninsky Prospect 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Marina A. Shchetinina
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; 47 Leninsky Prospect 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Sergey D. Loguzov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; 47 Leninsky Prospect 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Andrey S. Dmitrenok
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; 47 Leninsky Prospect 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Igor V. Zavarzin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; 47 Leninsky Prospect 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Alexander O. Terent'ev
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; 47 Leninsky Prospect 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
- All-Russian Research Institute for Phytopathology; 143050 Moscow Russian Federation
- D.I. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia; 125047 Moscow Russian Federation
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Lobastova TG, Khomutov SM, Shutov AA, Donova MV. Microbiological synthesis of stereoisomeric 7(α/β)-hydroxytestololactones and 7(α/β)-hydroxytestolactones. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:4967-4976. [PMID: 31028438 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09828-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Microbiological synthesis of 7α- and 7β-hydroxy derivatives of testololactone and testolactone was developed based on bioconversion of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) by fungus of Isaria fumosorosea VKM F-881 with subsequent modification of the obtained stereoisomers by actinobacteria. The first stage included obtaining of the stereoisomers of 3β,7(α/β)-dihydroxy-17a-oxa-D-homo-androst-5-en-17-ones in the preparative amounts. Then the conversion of 7-hydroxylated D-lactones obtained by selected actinobacteria of Nocardioides simplex VKM Ac-2033D, Saccharopolyspora hirsuta VKM Ac-666, and Streptomyces parvulus MTOC Ac-21v was studied. Under the transformation of 3β,7α-dihydroxy-17a-oxa-D-homo-androst-5-en-17-one and its corresponding 7β-stereoisomer by N. simplex VKM Ac-2033D and S. hirsuta VKM Ac-666 the 7α- and 7β-hydroxy-17a-oxa-D-homo-androst-4-ene-3,17-dione (7α- and 7β-hydroxytestololactone), 7α- and 7β-hydroxy-17a-oxa-D-homo-androsta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione (7α- and 7β-hydroxytestolactone) were obtained with molar yields in a range of 60.3-90.9 mol%. The crystalline products of 7α-hydroxytestololactone, 7α-hydroxytestolactone, and their corresponding 7β-hydroxy stereoisomers were isolated, and their structures were confirmed by mass spectrometry and 1H-NMR spectroscopy analyses. The strain of Str. parvulus MTOC Ac-21v transformed 3β,7(α/β)-dihydroxy-17a-oxa-D-homo-androst-5-en-17-ones into the corresponding 3-keto-4-ene analogs and did not show 3-ketosteroid 1(2)-dehydrogenase activity. The activity of actinobacteria towards steroid D-lactones was hitherto unreported.The results contribute to the knowledge of metabolic versatility of actinobacteria capable of transforming steroid substrates and may be applied in the synthesis of potential aromatase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- T G Lobastova
- Federal Research Center "Pushchino Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences", G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Prospekt Nauki 5, Pushchino, Moscow region, 142290, Russia.
| | - S M Khomutov
- Federal Research Center "Pushchino Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences", G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Prospekt Nauki 5, Pushchino, Moscow region, 142290, Russia
| | - A A Shutov
- Federal Research Center "Pushchino Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences", G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Prospekt Nauki 5, Pushchino, Moscow region, 142290, Russia
| | - M V Donova
- Federal Research Center "Pushchino Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences", G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Prospekt Nauki 5, Pushchino, Moscow region, 142290, Russia
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Kozłowska E, Urbaniak M, Hoc N, Grzeszczuk J, Dymarska M, Stępień Ł, Pląskowska E, Kostrzewa-Susłow E, Janeczko T. Cascade biotransformation of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) by Beauveria species. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13449. [PMID: 30194436 PMCID: PMC6128828 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31665-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Beauveria bassiana is an entomopathogenic fungus used as a biological control agent. It is a well-known biocatalyst for the transformation of steroid compounds. Hydroxylations at the 7α or 11α position and oxidation to D-homo lactones are described in the literature. In our study, we examined the diversity of metabolism of five different B. bassiana strains and compared them to already known pathways. According to the literature, 7α and 11α-hydroxy derivatives as well as 3β,11α-dihydroxy-17a-oxa-D-homo-androst-5-en-17-one have been observed. Here we describe new DHEA metabolic pathways and two products not described before: 3β-hydroxy-17a-oxa-D-homo-androst-5-en-7,17-dione and 3β,11α-dihydroxyandrost-5-en-7,17-dione. We also used for the first time another species from this genus, Beauveria caledonica, for steroid transformation. DHEA was hydroxylated at the 7α, 7β and 11α positions and then reactions of oxidation and reduction leading to 3β,11α-dihydroxyandrost-5-en-7,17-dione were observed. All tested strains from the Beauveria genus effectively transformed the steroid substrate using several different enzymes, resulting in cascade transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Kozłowska
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Monika Urbaniak
- Department of Pathogen Genetics and Plant Resistance, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479, Poznań, Poland
| | - Natalia Hoc
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jakub Grzeszczuk
- Department of Plant Protection, Division of Phytopathology and Mycology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 24a, 50-363, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Monika Dymarska
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Łukasz Stępień
- Department of Pathogen Genetics and Plant Resistance, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479, Poznań, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Pląskowska
- Department of Plant Protection, Division of Phytopathology and Mycology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 24a, 50-363, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Edyta Kostrzewa-Susłow
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Tomasz Janeczko
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland.
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Świzdor A, Panek A, Ostrowska P. Metabolic fate of pregnene-based steroids in the lactonization pathway of multifunctional strain Penicillium lanosocoeruleum. Microb Cell Fact 2018; 17:100. [PMID: 29940969 PMCID: PMC6019235 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-018-0948-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Metabolic activities of microorganisms to modify the chemical structures of organic compounds became an effective tool for the production of high-valued steroidal drugs or their precursors. Currently research efforts in production of steroids of pharmaceutical interest are focused on either optimization of existing processes or identification of novel potentially useful bioconversions. Previous studies demonstrated that P. lanosocoeruleum KCH 3012 metabolizes androstanes to the corresponding lactones with high yield. In order to explore more thoroughly the factors determining steroid metabolism by this organism, the current study was initiated to delineate the specificity of this fungus with respect to the cleavage of steroid side chain of progesterone and pregnenolone The effect of substituents at C-16 in 16-dehydropregnenolone, 16α,17α-epoxy-pregnenolone and 16α-methoxy-pregnenolone on the pattern of metabolic processing of these steroids was also investigated. Results and discussion All of the analogues tested (except the last of the listed) in multi-step transformations underwent the Baeyer–Villiger oxidation to their δ-d-lactones. The activity of 3β-HSD was a factor affecting the composition of the product mixtures. 16α,17α-epoxy-pregnenolone underwent a rare epoxide opening with retention stereochemistry to give four 16α-hydroxy-lactones. Apart from oxidative transformations, a reductive pathway was revealed with the unique hydrogenation of 5-ene double bond leading to the formation of 3β,16α-dihydroxy-17a-oxa-d-homo-5α-androstan-17-one. 16α-Methoxy-pregnenolone was transformed to the 20(R)-alcohol with no further conversion. Conclusions This work clearly demonstrated that P. lanosocoeruleum KCH 3012 has great multi-functional catalytic properties towards the pregnane-type steroids. Studies have highlighted that a slight modification of the d-ring of substrates may control metabolic fate either into the lactonization or reductive and oxidative pathways. Possibility of epoxide opening by enzymes from this microorganism affords a unique opportunity for generation of novel bioactive steroids. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12934-018-0948-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Świzdor
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida, 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna Panek
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida, 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Paulina Ostrowska
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida, 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
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10
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Kozłowska E, Hoc N, Sycz J, Urbaniak M, Dymarska M, Grzeszczuk J, Kostrzewa-Susłow E, Stępień Ł, Pląskowska E, Janeczko T. Biotransformation of steroids by entomopathogenic strains of Isaria farinosa. Microb Cell Fact 2018; 17:71. [PMID: 29753319 PMCID: PMC5948769 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-018-0920-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Steroid compounds are very interesting substrates for biotransformation due to their high biological activity and a high number of inactivated carbons which make chemical modification difficult. Microbial transformation can involve reactions which are complicated and uneconomical in chemical synthesis, and searching for a new effective biocatalyst is necessary. The best known entomopathogenic species used in steroid modification is Beauveria bassiana. In this study we tested the ability of Isaria farinosa, another entomopathogenic species, to transform several steroids. Results Twelve strains of the entomopathogenic filamentous fungus Isaria farinosa, collected in abandoned mines located in the area of the Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland, from insects’ bodies covered by fungus, were used as a biocatalyst. All the tested strains effectively transformed dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). We observed 7α- and 7β-hydroxy derivatives as well as changes in the percentage composition of the emerging products. Due to the similar metabolism of DHEA in all tested strains, one of them was selected for further investigation. In the culture of the selected strain, Isaria farinosa KCh KW1.1, transformations of androstenediol, androstenedione, adrenosterone, 17α-methyltestosterone, 17β-hydroxyandrost-1,4,6-triene-3-one and progesterone were performed. All the substrates were hydroxylated with high yield and stereoselectivity. We obtained 6β-hydroxyandrost-4-ene-3,11,17-trione, 15α,17β-dihydroxy-6β,7β-epoxyandrost-1,4-diene-3-one and 6β,11α-dihydroxyprogesterone. There is no evidence of either earlier microbial transformation of 17β-hydroxyandrost-1,4,6-triene-3-one or new epoxy derivatives. Conclusions Isaria farinosa has a broad spectrum of highly effective steroid hydroxylases. The obtained 7-hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone has proven high biological activity and can be used in Alzheimer’s disease and as a key intermediate in the synthesis of aldosterone antagonists. Transformation of progesterone leads to high yield of 6β,11α-dihydroxyprogesterone and it is worth further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Kozłowska
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Natalia Hoc
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jordan Sycz
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Monika Urbaniak
- Department of Pathogen Genetics and Plant Resistance, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479, Poznań, Poland
| | - Monika Dymarska
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jakub Grzeszczuk
- Department of Plant Protection, Plant Pathology and Mycology Division, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 24a, 50-363, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Edyta Kostrzewa-Susłow
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Łukasz Stępień
- Department of Pathogen Genetics and Plant Resistance, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479, Poznań, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Pląskowska
- Department of Plant Protection, Plant Pathology and Mycology Division, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 24a, 50-363, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Tomasz Janeczko
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland.
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11
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Isaria fumosorosea KCh J2 Entomopathogenic Strain as an Effective Biocatalyst for Steroid Compound Transformations. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22091511. [PMID: 28891949 PMCID: PMC6151793 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22091511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The catalytic activity of enzymes produced by an entomopathogenic filamentous fungus (Isaria fumosorosea KCh J2) towards selected steroid compounds (androstenedione, adrenosterone, progesterone, 17α-methyltestosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone) was investigated. All tested substrates were efficiently transformed. The structure of the substrate has a crucial impact on regio- and stereoselectivity of hydroxylation since it affects binding to the active site of the enzyme. Androstenedione was hydroxylated in the 7α-position to give a key intermediate in the synthesis of the diuretic-7α-hydroxyandrost-4-ene-3,17-dione with 82% conversion. Adrenosterone and 17α-methyltestosterone were hydroxylated in the 6β-position. Hydroxylated derivatives such as 15β-hydroxy-17α-methyltestosterone and 6β,12β-dihydroxy-17α-methyltestosterone were also observed. In the culture of Isaria fumosorosea KCh J2, DHEA was effectively hydroxylated in the C-7 position and then oxidized to give 7-oxo-DHEA, 3β,7α- and 3β,7β-dihydroxy-17a-oxa-d-homo-androst-5-ene-17-one. We obtained 7β-OH-DHEA lactone with 82% yield during 3 days transformation of highly concentrated (5 g/L) DHEA.
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12
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Hunter AC, Oni YI, Dodd HT, Raftery J, Gardiner JM, Uttley M. Metabolism of steroidal lactones by the fungus Corynespora cassiicola CBS 161.60 results in a mechanistically unique intramolecular ring-D cyclization resulting in C-14 spiro-lactones. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2017; 1862:939-945. [PMID: 28606744 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The fungus Corynespora cassiicola metabolises exogenous steroids in a unique and highly specific manner. Central to this, is the ability of this organism to functionalise substrates (androgens, progestogens) at the highly stereochemically hindered 8β-position of the steroid nucleus. A recent study has identified that 8β-hydroxylation occurs through inverted binding in a 9α-hydroxylase. In order to discern the metabolic fate of more symmetrical molecules, we have investigated the metabolism of a range of steroidal analogues functionalised with ring-D lactones, but differing in their functional group stereochemistry at carbon-3. Remarkably, the 3α-functionalised steroidal lactones underwent a mechanistically unique two step intramolecular cyclisation resulting in the generation of a ring-D spiro-carbolactone. This rapid rearrangement initiated with hydroxylation at carbon 14 followed by transesterification, resulting in ring contraction with formation of a butyrolactone at carbon-14. Remarkably this rearrangement was found to be highly dependent on the stereochemistry at carbon-3, with the β-analogues only undergoing 9α-hydroxylation. The implications of these findings and their mechanistic bases are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Christy Hunter
- De Montfort University, Leicester School of Pharmacy, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK.
| | | | - Howard T Dodd
- University of Brighton, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Huxley Building, Lewes Road, Brighton BN2 4GJ, UK
| | - James Raftery
- University of Manchester, School of Chemistry University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - John M Gardiner
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK
| | - Megan Uttley
- University of Manchester, School of Chemistry University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK; Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK
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13
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Yildirim K, Kuru A. Microbial hydroxylation of epiandrosterone by Aspergillus candidus. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10242422.2017.1289184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kudret Yildirim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Ali Kuru
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
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14
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Gonzalez R, Nicolau F, Peeples TL. Optimization of the 11α-hydroxylation of steroid DHEA by solvent-adapted Beauveria bassiana. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10242422.2017.1289183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Gonzalez
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Felipe Nicolau
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Tonya L. Peeples
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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15
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Kozłowska E, Urbaniak M, Kancelista A, Dymarska M, Kostrzewa-Susłow E, Stępień Ł, Janeczko T. Biotransformation of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) by environmental strains of filamentous fungi. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra04608a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Study on the ability of selected filamentous fungus species to transform dehydroepiandrosterone was performed (DHEA) and interesting DHEA derivatives were obtained with high yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Kozłowska
- Department of Chemistry
- Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences
- 50-375 Wrocław
- Poland
| | - Monika Urbaniak
- Department of Pathogen Genetics and Plant Resistance
- Institute of Plant Genetics
- Polish Academy of Sciences
- 60-479 Poznań
- Poland
| | - Anna Kancelista
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology
- Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences
- 51-630 Wrocław
- Poland
| | - Monika Dymarska
- Department of Chemistry
- Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences
- 50-375 Wrocław
- Poland
| | - Edyta Kostrzewa-Susłow
- Department of Chemistry
- Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences
- 50-375 Wrocław
- Poland
| | - Łukasz Stępień
- Department of Pathogen Genetics and Plant Resistance
- Institute of Plant Genetics
- Polish Academy of Sciences
- 60-479 Poznań
- Poland
| | - Tomasz Janeczko
- Department of Chemistry
- Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences
- 50-375 Wrocław
- Poland
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16
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Świzdor A, Panek A, Milecka-Tronina N. Biohydroxylation of 7-oxo-DHEA, a natural metabolite of DHEA, resulting in formation of new metabolites of potential pharmaceutical interest. Chem Biol Drug Des 2016; 88:844-849. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alina Świzdor
- Department of Chemistry; Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences; Wrocław Poland
| | - Anna Panek
- Department of Chemistry; Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences; Wrocław Poland
| | - Natalia Milecka-Tronina
- Department of Chemistry; Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences; Wrocław Poland
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17
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Mascotti ML, Palazzolo MA, Bisogno FR, Kurina-Sanz M. Biotransformation of dehydro-epi-androsterone by Aspergillus parasiticus: Metabolic evidences of BVMO activity. Steroids 2016; 109:44-9. [PMID: 27025973 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2016.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The research on the synthesis of steroids and its derivatives is of high interest due to their clinical applications. A particular focus is given to molecules bearing a D-ring lactone like testolactone because of its bioactivity. The Aspergillus genus has been used to perform steroid biotransformations since it offers a toolbox of redox enzymes. In this work, the use of growing cells of Aspergillus parasiticus to study the bioconversion of dehydro-epi-androsterone (DHEA) is described, emphasizing the metabolic steps leading to D-ring lactonization products. It was observed that A. parasiticus is not only capable of transforming bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-en-6-one, the standard Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenase (BVMO) substrate, but also yielded testololactone and the homo-lactone 3β-hydroxy-17a-oxa-D-homoandrost-5-en-17-one from DHEA. Moreover, the biocatalyst degraded the lateral chain of cortisone by an oxidative route suggesting the action of a BVMO, thus providing enough metabolic evidences denoting the presence of BVMO activity in A. parasiticus. Furthermore, since excellent biotransformation rates were observed, A. parasiticus is a promising candidate for the production of bioactive lactone-based compounds of steroidal origin in larger scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Laura Mascotti
- Area de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, INTEQUI-CONICET, San Luis 5700, Argentina
| | - Martín A Palazzolo
- Area de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, INTEQUI-CONICET, San Luis 5700, Argentina
| | - Fabricio R Bisogno
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, INFIQC-CONICET, Córdoba 5000, Argentina
| | - Marcela Kurina-Sanz
- Area de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, INTEQUI-CONICET, San Luis 5700, Argentina.
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18
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Hunter AC, Patel S, Dedi C, Dodd HT, Bryce RA. Metabolic fate of 3α,5-cycloandrostanes in the endogenous lactonization pathway of Aspergillus tamarii KITA. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2015; 119:19-25. [PMID: 26372080 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2015.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A series of 3α,5-cycloandrostane analogues with a range of functionality (6α and 6β alcohols and ketone) at carbon 6 were tested in the endogenous lactonization pathway in Aspergillus tamarii KITA. This metabolic route converts progesterone to testololactone in high yield through a four step enzymatic pathway. To date, no studies have looked at the effect of steroids devoid of polar functionality at carbon 3 and their subsequent metabolic fate by fungi which contain Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases. Incubation of all of the cycloandrostane analogues resulted in lactonization of ring-D irrespective of C-6 stereochemistry or absence of C-3 functionality. Presence of 6β-hydroxy group and the C-17 ketone was required in order for these analogues to undergo hydroxylation at C-15β position. All metabolites were isolated by column chromatography and were identified by (1)H, (13)C NMR, DEPT analysis and other spectroscopic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Christy Hunter
- Manchester Pharmacy School, University of Manchester, Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom.
| | - Shreyal Patel
- University of Brighton, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Huxley Building, Lewes Road, Brighton BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom
| | - Cinzia Dedi
- University of Brighton, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Huxley Building, Lewes Road, Brighton BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom
| | - Howard T Dodd
- University of Brighton, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Huxley Building, Lewes Road, Brighton BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom
| | - Richard A Bryce
- Manchester Pharmacy School, University of Manchester, Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
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19
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Wu Y, Li H, Zhang XM, Gong JS, Rao ZM, Shi JS, Zhang XJ, Xu ZH. Efficient hydroxylation of functionalized steroids by Colletotrichum lini ST-1. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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20
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Nassiri-Koopaei N, Faramarzi MA. Recent developments in the fungal transformation of steroids. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2015. [DOI: 10.3109/10242422.2015.1022533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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21
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Lobastova TG, Khomutov SM, Donova MV. Formation of hydroxylated steroid lactones from dehydroepiandrosterone by Spicaria fumoso-rosea F-881. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s000368381502012x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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22
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Świzdor A, Panek A, Milecka-Tronina N. Microbial Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of 5α-steroids using Beauveria bassiana. A stereochemical requirement for the 11α-hydroxylation and the lactonization pathway. Steroids 2014; 82:44-52. [PMID: 24486796 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2014.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Revised: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Beauveria bassiana KCH 1065, as was recently demonstrated, is unusual amongst fungal biocatalysts in that it converts C19 3-oxo-4-ene and 3β-hydroxy-5-ene as well as 3β-hydroxy-5α-saturated steroids to 11α-hydroxy ring-D lactones. The Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenase (BVMO) of this strain is distinguished from other enzymes catalyzing BVO of steroidal ketones by the fact that it oxidizes solely substrates with 11α-hydroxyl group. The current study using a series of 5α-saturated steroids (androsterone, 3α-androstanediol and androstanedione) has highlighted that a small change of the steroid structure can result in significant differences of the metabolic fate. It was found that the 3α-stereochemistry of hydroxyl group restricted "normal" binding orientation of the substrate within 11α-hydroxylase and, as a result, androsterone and 3α-androstanediol were converted into a mixture of 7β-, 11α- and 7α-hydroxy derivatives. Hydroxylation of androstanedione occurred only at the 11α-position, indicating that the 3-oxo group limits the alternative binding orientation of the substrate within the hydroxylase. Only androstanedione and 3α-androstanediol were metabolized to hydroxylactones. The study uniquely demonstrated preference for oxidation of equatorial (11α-, 7β-) hydroxyketones by BVMO from B. bassiana. The time course experiments suggested that the activity of 17β-HSD is a factor determining the amount of produced ring-D lactones. The obtained 11α-hydroxylactones underwent further transformations (oxy-red reactions) at C-3. During conversion of androstanedione, a minor dehydrogenation pathway was observed with generation of 11α,17β-dihydroxy-5α-androst-1-en-3-one. The introduction of C1C2 double bond has been recorded in B. bassiana for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Świzdor
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Anna Panek
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Natalia Milecka-Tronina
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
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23
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Gibson DM, Donzelli BGG, Krasnoff SB, Keyhani NO. Discovering the secondary metabolite potential encoded within entomopathogenic fungi. Nat Prod Rep 2014; 31:1287-305. [DOI: 10.1039/c4np00054d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This highlight discusses the secondary metabolite potential of the insect pathogensMetarhiziumandBeauveria, including a bioinformatics analysis of secondary metabolite genes for which no products are yet identified. (Top picture is a mole cricket infected withBeauveria bassianaand the bottom picture is a wasp infected withBeauveria bassiana.)
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna M. Gibson
- USDA-ARS
- Biological Integrated Pest Management Research Unit
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health
- Ithaca, USA
| | - Bruno G. G. Donzelli
- Dept. of Plant Pathology and Plant Molecular Biology
- Cornell University
- Ithaca, USA
| | - Stuart B. Krasnoff
- USDA-ARS
- Biological Integrated Pest Management Research Unit
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health
- Ithaca, USA
| | - Nemat O. Keyhani
- Dept. of Microbiology and Cell Science
- University of Florida
- Gainesville, USA
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24
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Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of some C(19) steroids by Penicillium lanosocoeruleum. Molecules 2013; 18:13812-22. [PMID: 24213656 PMCID: PMC6270215 DOI: 10.3390/molecules181113812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The biotransformation of androsterone (1), epiandrosterone (2), androstanedione (3) and DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone) (4) by Penicillium lanosocoeruleum-a fungal species not used in biotransformations so far-were described. All the substrates were converted in high yield (70%-99%) into D ring δ-lactones. The oxidation of 1 produced 3α-hydroxy-17a-oxa-D-homo-5α-androstan-17-one (5). The oxidation of 2 led to 3β-hydroxy-17a-oxa-D-homo-5α-androstan-17-one (6). The biotransformation of 3 resulted in the formation of 3α-hydroxy-17a-oxa-D-homo-5α-androstan-17-one (5) and 17a-oxa-D-homo-5α-androstan-3,17-dione (7). An analysis of the transformation progress of the studied substrates as a function of time indicates that the Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenase of this fungus does not accept the 3β-hydroxy-5-ene functionality of steroids. In this microorganism steroidal 3β-hydroxy-dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) was active, and as a result DHEA (4) was transformed exclusively to testololactone (8). Apart from the observed oxidative transformations, a reductive pathway was revealed with the C-3 ketone being reduced to a C-3α-alcohol. It is demonstrated for the first time that the reduction of the 3-keto group of the steroid nucleus can occur in the presence of a ring-D lactone functionality.
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25
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Potential of Azadirachta indica cell suspension culture to produce biologically active metabolites of dehydroepiandrosterone. Chem Nat Compd 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-013-0704-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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26
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Effective multi-step functional biotransformations of steroids by a newly isolated Fusarium oxysporum SC1301. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.10.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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27
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Janeczko T, Świzdor A, Dmochowska-Gładysz J, Białońska A, Ciunik Z, Kostrzewa-Susłow E. Novel metabolites of dehydroepiandrosterone and progesterone obtained in Didymosphearia igniaria KCH 6670 culture. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2012.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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28
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Balke K, Kadow M, Mallin H, Sass S, Bornscheuer UT. Discovery, application and protein engineering of Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases for organic synthesis. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:6249-65. [PMID: 22733152 DOI: 10.1039/c2ob25704a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases (BVMOs) are useful enzymes for organic synthesis as they enable the direct and highly regio- and stereoselective oxidation of ketones to esters or lactones simply with molecular oxygen. This contribution covers novel concepts such as searching in protein sequence databases using distinct motifs to discover new Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases as well as high-throughput assays to facilitate protein engineering in order to improve BVMOs with respect to substrate range, enantioselectivity, thermostability and other properties. Recent examples for the application of BVMOs in synthetic organic synthesis illustrate the broad potential of these biocatalysts. Furthermore, methods to facilitate the more efficient use of BVMOs in organic synthesis by applying e.g. improved cofactor regeneration, substrate feed and in situ product removal or immobilization are covered in this perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Balke
- Institute of Biochemistry, Dept of Biotechnology & Enzyme Catalysis, Greifswald University, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 4, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
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29
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Donova MV, Egorova OV. Microbial steroid transformations: current state and prospects. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 94:1423-47. [PMID: 22562163 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4078-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 323] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2012] [Revised: 04/03/2012] [Accepted: 04/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Studies of steroid modifications catalyzed by microbial whole cells represent a well-established research area in white biotechnology. Still, advances over the last decade in genetic and metabolic engineering, whole-cell biocatalysis in non-conventional media, and process monitoring raised research in this field to a new level. This review summarizes the data on microbial steroid conversion obtained since 2003. The key reactions of structural steroid functionalization by microorganisms are highlighted including sterol side-chain degradation, hydroxylation at various positions of the steroid core, and redox reactions. We also describe methods for enhancement of bioprocess productivity, selectivity of target reactions, and application of microbial transformations for production of valuable pharmaceutical ingredients and precursors. Challenges and prospects of whole-cell biocatalysis applications in steroid industry are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina V Donova
- G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Nauki 5, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia.
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30
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Transformation of structurally diverse steroidal analogues by the fungus Corynespora cassiicola CBS 161.60 results in generation of 8β-monohydroxylated metabolites with evidence in favour of 8β-hydroxylation through inverted binding in the 9α-hydroxylase. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2011; 1811:1054-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2011.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2011] [Revised: 09/05/2011] [Accepted: 09/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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31
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Leisch H, Morley K, Lau PCK. Baeyer−Villiger Monooxygenases: More Than Just Green Chemistry. Chem Rev 2011; 111:4165-222. [DOI: 10.1021/cr1003437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 317] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Leisch
- Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Council Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, Quebec H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Krista Morley
- Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Council Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, Quebec H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Peter C. K. Lau
- Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Council Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, Quebec H4P 2R2, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
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