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Cui YL, Guo JS, Zhang CX, Yu XP, Li DT. Silencing NlFAR7 destroyed the pore canals and related structures of the brown planthopper. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 33:350-361. [PMID: 38430546 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/04/2024]
Abstract
Fatty acyl-CoA reductase (FAR) is one of the key enzymes, which catalyses the conversion of fatty acyl-CoA to the corresponding alcohols. Among the FAR family members in the brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens), NlFAR7 plays a pivotal role in both the synthesis of cuticular hydrocarbons and the waterproofing of the cuticle. However, the precise mechanism by which NlFAR7 influences the formation of the cuticle structure in N. lugens remains unclear. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the impact of NlFAR7 through RNA interference, transmission electron microscope, focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) and lipidomics analysis. FIB-SEM is employed to reconstruct the three-dimensional (3D) architecture of the pore canals and related cuticle structures in N. lugens subjected to dsNlFAR7 and dsGFP treatments, enabling a comprehensive assessment of changes in the cuticle structures. The results reveal a reduction in the thickness of the cuticle and disruptions in the spiral structure of pore canals, accompanied by widened base and middle diameters. Furthermore, the lipidomics comparison analysis between dsNlFAR7- and dsGFP-treated N. lugens demonstrated that there were 25 metabolites involved in cuticular lipid layer synthesis, including 7 triacylglycerols (TGs), 5 phosphatidylcholines (PCs), 3 phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs) and 2 diacylglycerols (DGs) decreased, and 4 triacylglycerols (TGs) and 4 PEs increased. In conclusion, silencing NlFAR7 disrupts the synthesis of overall lipids and destroys the cuticular pore canals and related structures, thereby disrupting the secretion of cuticular lipids, thus affecting the cuticular waterproofing of N. lugens. These findings give significant attention with reference to further biochemical researches on the substrate specificity of FAR protein, and the molecular regulation mechanisms during N. lugens life cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Lin Cui
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection and Quarantine, College of Life Science, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Shen Guo
- Center of Cryo-Electron Microscopy, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chuan-Xi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Yu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection and Quarantine, College of Life Science, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dan-Ting Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection and Quarantine, College of Life Science, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
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Parra LG, Erjavec LC, Casali CI, Zerpa Velazquez A, Weber K, Setton-Avruj CP, Fernández Tome MDC. Cytosolic phospholipase A 2 regulates lipid homeostasis under osmotic stress through PPARγ. FEBS J 2024; 291:722-743. [PMID: 37947039 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Physiologically, renal medullary cells are surrounded by a hyperosmolar interstitium. However, different pathological situations can induce abrupt changes in environmental osmolality, causing cell stress. Therefore, renal cells must adapt to survive in this new condition. We previously demonstrated that, among the mechanisms involved in osmoprotection, renal cells upregulate triglyceride biosynthesis (which helps preserve glycerophospholipid synthesis and membrane homeostasis) and cyclooxygenase-2 (which generates prostaglandins from arachidonic acid) to maintain lipid metabolism in renal tissue. Herein, we evaluated whether hyperosmolality modulates phospholipase A2 (PLA2 ) activity, leading to arachidonic acid release from membrane glycerophospholipid, and investigated its possible role in hyperosmolality-induced triglyceride synthesis and accumulation. We found that hyperosmolality induced PLA2 expression and activity in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. Cytosolic PLA2 (cPLA2) inhibition, but not secreted or calcium-independent PLA2 (sPLA2 or iPLA2 , respectively), prevented triglyceride synthesis and reduced cell survival. Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis with indomethacin not only failed to prevent hyperosmolality-induced triglyceride synthesis but also exacerbated it. Similar results were observed with the peroxisomal proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonist rosiglitazone. Furthermore, hyperosmolality increased free intracellular arachidonic acid levels, which were even higher when prostaglandin synthesis was inhibited by indomethacin. Blocking PPARγ with GW-9662 prevented the effects of both indomethacin and rosiglitazone on triglyceride synthesis and even reduced hyperosmolality-induced triglyceride synthesis, suggesting that arachidonic acid may stimulate triglyceride synthesis through PPARγ activation. These results highlight the role of cPLA2 in osmoprotection, since it is essential to provide arachidonic acid, which is involved in PPARγ-regulated triglyceride synthesis, thus guaranteeing cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Gastón Parra
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini (IQUIFIB)-Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luciana Cecilia Erjavec
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini (IQUIFIB)-Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Irene Casali
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini (IQUIFIB)-Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea Zerpa Velazquez
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Karen Weber
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Clara Patricia Setton-Avruj
- Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini (IQUIFIB)-Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departaemento de Química Biológica, Cátedra de Química Biológica Patológica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Del Carmen Fernández Tome
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini (IQUIFIB)-Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Ou-Yang YN, Deng FF, Wang YJ, Chen M, Yang PF, Yang Z, Tian Z. High-salt diet induces dyslipidemia through the SREBP2/PCSK9 pathway in dahl salt-sensitive rats. Biochimie 2024; 216:34-45. [PMID: 37844755 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
A high-salt diet is known to increase serum cholesterol levels; however, the underlying mechanism of salt-induced dyslipidemia in patients with salt-sensitivity remains poorly understood. We aimed to investigate whether high-salt diet (HSD) can induce dyslipidemia and elucidate the underlying mechanism of salt-induced dyslipidemia in Dahl salt-sensitive (SS) rats. Metabolomic and biochemical analyses revealed that the consumption of an HSD (8 % NaCl) significantly increased the serum levels of total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in SS rats. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay demonstrated an increase in circulating proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) levels, accompanied by a decrease in hepatic low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) levels due to HSD consumption. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blot analysis revealed that HSD consumption activated sterol regulatory element-binding protein-2 (SREBP2) expression in the liver and kidney, resulting in upregulation of PCSK9 at the transcriptional level in the liver and at the translational level in the kidney, ultimately increasing circulating PCSK9 levels. The combined effects of HSD on the liver and kidney contributed to the development of hypercholesterolemia. Furthermore, an in vitro assay confirmed that high-salt exposure led to an increase in the protein expression of SREBP2 and PCSK9 secretion, thereby reducing low-density lipoprotein (LDL) uptake. This study, for the first time, shows that an HSD induces dyslipidemia through activation of the SREBP2/PCSK9 pathway, providing new insights into the prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia in patients with salt sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Ou-Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Fen-Fen Deng
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yun-Jia Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Meng Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Peng-Fei Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Zhe Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Zhongmin Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, China.
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Phosphate Starvation by Energy Metabolism Disturbance in Candida albicansvip1Δ/Δ Induces Lipid Droplet Accumulation and Cell Membrane Damage. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030686. [PMID: 35163951 PMCID: PMC8839741 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorus in the form of phosphate (Pi) is an essential element for metabolic processes, including lipid metabolism. In yeast, the inositol polyphosphate kinase vip1 mediated synthesis of inositol heptakisphosphate (IP7) regulates the phosphate-responsive (PHO) signaling pathway, which plays an important role in response to Pi stress. The role of vip1 in Pi stress and lipid metabolism of Candida albicans has not yet been studied. We found that when vip1Δ/Δ was grown in glucose medium, if Pi was supplemented in the medium or mitochondrial Pi transporter was overexpressed in the strain, the lipid droplet (LD) content was reduced and membrane damage was alleviated. However, further studies showed that neither the addition of Pi nor the overexpression of the Pi transporter affected the energy balance of vip1Δ/Δ. In addition, the LD content of vip1Δ/Δ grown in Pi limitation medium PNMC was lower than that grown in SC, and the metabolic activity of vip1Δ/Δ grown in PNMC was also lower than that grown in SC medium. This suggests that the increase in Pi demand by a high energy metabolic rate is the cause of LD accumulation in vip1Δ/Δ. In addition, in the vip1Δ/Δ strains, the core transcription factor PHO4 in the PHO pathway was transported to the vacuole and degraded, which reduced the pathway activity. However, this does not mean that knocking out vip1 completely blocks the activation of the PHO pathway, because the LD content of vip1Δ/Δ grown in the medium with β-glycerol phosphate as the Pi source was significantly reduced. In summary, the increased Pi demand and the decreased PHO pathway activity in vip1Δ/Δ ultimately lead to LD accumulation and cell membrane damage.
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Casali CI, Parra L, Erjavec LC, Fernández Tome MDC. Analysis of XBP1 Contribution to Hyperosmolarity-Induced Lipid Synthesis. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2378:169-187. [PMID: 34985700 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1732-8_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a complex network of intracellular pathways that transmits signals from ER lumen and/or ER bilayer to the nuclear compartment in order to activate gene transcription. UPR is activated by the loss of ER capacities, known as ER stress, and occurs to restore ER properties. In this regard, glycerolipid (GL) synthesis activation contributes to ER membrane homeostasis and IRE1α-XBP1, one UPR pathway, has a main role in lipogenic genes transcription. Herein, we describe the strategy and methodology used to evaluate whether IRE1α-XBP1 pathway regulates lipid metabolism in renal epithelial cells subjected to hyperosmolar environment. XBP1s activity was hindered by blocking IRE1α RNAse activity and by impeding its expression; under these conditions, we determined GL synthesis and lipogenic enzymes expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia I Casali
- Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini (IQUIFIB), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leandro Parra
- Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini (IQUIFIB), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luciana C Erjavec
- Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini (IQUIFIB), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Del Carmen Fernández Tome
- Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini (IQUIFIB), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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M Onorato A, Fiore E, Bayo J, Casali C, Fernandez-Tomé M, Rodríguez M, Domínguez L, Argemi J, Hidalgo F, Favre C, García M, Atorrasagasti C, Mazzolini GD. SPARC inhibition accelerates NAFLD-associated hepatocellular carcinoma development by dysregulating hepatic lipid metabolism. Liver Int 2021; 41:1677-1693. [PMID: 33641248 DOI: 10.1111/liv.14857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) and its more serious form non-alcoholic steatohepatitis increase risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Lipid metabolic alterations and its role in HCC development remain unclear. SPARC (Secreted Protein, Acidic and Rich in Cysteine) is involved in lipid metabolism, NAFLD and diabetes, but the effects on hepatic lipid metabolism and HCC development is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of SPARC in HCC development in the context of NAFLD. METHODS Primary hepatocyte cultures from knockout (SPARC-/- ) or wild-type (SPARC+/+ ) mice, and HepG2 cells were used to assess the effects of free fatty acids on lipid accumulation, expression of lipogenic genes and de novo triglyceride (TG) synthesis. A NAFLD-HCC model was stabilized on SPARC-/- or SPARC+/+ mice. Correlations among SPARC, lipid metabolism-related gene expression patterns and clinical prognosis were studied using HCC gene expression dataset. RESULTS SPARC-/- mice increases hepatic lipid deposits over time. Hepatocytes from SPARC-/- mice or inhibition of SPARC by an antisense adenovirus in HepG2 cells resulted in increased TG deposit, expression of lipid-related genes and nuclear translocation of SREBP1c. Human HCC database analysis revealed that SPARC negatively correlated with genes involved in lipid metabolism, and with poor survival. In NAFLD-HCC murine model, the absence of SPARC accelerates HCC development. RNA-seq study revealed that pathways related to lipid metabolism, cellular detoxification and proliferation were upregulated in SPARC-/- tumour-bearing mice. CONCLUSIONS The absence of SPARC is associated with an altered hepatic lipid metabolism, and an accelerated NAFLD-related HCC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agostina M Onorato
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, CONICET- Universidad Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Esteban Fiore
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, CONICET- Universidad Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan Bayo
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, CONICET- Universidad Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Casali
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini (IQUIFIB), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Fernandez-Tomé
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini (IQUIFIB), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcelo Rodríguez
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, CONICET- Universidad Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luciana Domínguez
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, CONICET- Universidad Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Josepmaría Argemi
- Josepmaria Argemi, CIMA and Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Florencia Hidalgo
- Institute of Experimental Physiology, CONICET, School of Biochemical Sciences, University of Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Cristian Favre
- Institute of Experimental Physiology, CONICET, School of Biochemical Sciences, University of Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Mariana García
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, CONICET- Universidad Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Catalina Atorrasagasti
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, CONICET- Universidad Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Guillermo D Mazzolini
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, CONICET- Universidad Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Liver Unit, Hospital Universitario Austral, Universidad Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Gerardi G, Casali CI, Cavia-Saiz M, Rivero-Pérez MD, Perazzo C, González-SanJosé ML, Muñiz P, Fernández Tome MC. Bioavailable wine pomace attenuates oxalate-induced type II epithelial mesenchymal transition and preserve the differentiated phenotype of renal MDCK cells. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05396. [PMID: 33294652 PMCID: PMC7689175 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The functional renal epithelium is composed of differentiated and polarized tubular cells with a strong actin cortex and specialized cell-cell junctions. If, under pathological conditions, these cells have to resist higher kidney osmolarity, they need to activate diverse mechanisms to survive external nephrotoxic agents such as inflammation and oxidative stress. Wine pomace polyphenols exert protective effects on renal cells. In this study, two wine-pomace products and their protective effects upon promotion and preservation of normal cell differentiation and attenuation of oxalate-induced type II epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) are evaluated. Treatment with gastrointestinal and colonic bioavailable fractions from red (rWPP) and white (wWPP) wine pomaces, both in the presence and the absence of oxalate, showed similar cell numbers and nuclear size than the non-treated differentiated MDCK cells. Immunofluorescence analysis showed the reduction of morphological changes and the preservation of cellular junctions for the rWPP and wWPP pre-treatment of cells exposed to oxalate injury. Hence, both rWPP and wWPP attenuated oxalate type II EMT in MDCK cells that conserved their epithelial morphology and cellular junctions through the antioxidant activities of grape pomace polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisela Gerardi
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Cecilia I Casali
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini (IQUIFIB)-Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mónica Cavia-Saiz
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - María D Rivero-Pérez
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Cecilia Perazzo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María L González-SanJosé
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Pilar Muñiz
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - María C Fernández Tome
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini (IQUIFIB)-Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Lipidomic analysis of epithelial corneal cells following hyperosmolarity and benzalkonium chloride exposure: New insights in dry eye disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1865:158728. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Casali C, Malvicini R, Erjavec L, Parra L, Artuch A, Fernández Tome MC. X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1): A key protein for renal osmotic adaptation. Its role in lipogenic program regulation. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1865:158616. [PMID: 31927142 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In renal cells, hyperosmolarity can induce cellular stress or differentiation. Both processes require active endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated protein synthesis. Lipid biosynthesis also occurs at ER surface. We showed that hyperosmolarity upregulates glycerophospholipid (GP) and triacylglycerol (GL-TG) de novo synthesis. Considering that massive synthesis of proteins and/or lipids may drive to ER stress, herein we evaluated whether hyperosmolar environment induces ER stress and the participation of inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α)-XBP1 in hyperosmotic-induced lipid synthesis. Treatment of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells with hyperosmolar medium triggered ER stress-associated unfolded protein response (UPR). Hyperosmolarity significantly increased xbp1 mRNA and protein as function of time; 24 h of treatment raised the spliced form of XBP1 protein (XBP1s) and induced its translocation to nuclear compartment where it can act as a transcription factor. XBP1 silencing or IRE1α ribonuclease (RNAse) inhibition impeded the expression of lipin1, lipin2 and diacylglycerol acyl transferase-1 (DGAT1) enzymes which yielded decreased GL-TG synthesis. The lack of XBP1s also decreased sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP) 1 and 2. Together our data demonstrate that hyperosmolarity induces IRE1α → XBP1s activation; XBP1s drives the expression of SREBP1 and SREBP2 which in turn regulates the expression of the lipogenic enzymes lipin1 (LPIN1) and 2 (LPIN2) and DGAT1. We also demonstrated for the first time that tonicity-responsive enhancer binding protein (TonEBP), the master regulator of osmoprotective response, regulates XBP1 expression. Thus, XBP1 acts as an osmoprotective protein since it is activated by high osmolarity and upregulates lipid metabolism, membranes generation and the restoration of ER homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Casali
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini (IQUIFIB)-Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Ricardo Malvicini
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luciana Erjavec
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini (IQUIFIB)-Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leandro Parra
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini (IQUIFIB)-Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ayelen Artuch
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María C Fernández Tome
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini (IQUIFIB)-Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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10
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Bestard-Escalas J, Maimó-Barceló A, Pérez-Romero K, Lopez DH, Barceló-Coblijn G. Ins and Outs of Interpreting Lipidomic Results. J Mol Biol 2019; 431:5039-5062. [PMID: 31422112 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2019.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Membrane lipids are essential for life; however, research on how cells regulate cell lipid composition has been falling behind for quite some time. One reason was the difficulty in establishing analytical methods able to cope with the cell lipid repertoire. Development of a diversity of mass spectrometry-based technologies, including imaging mass spectrometry, has helped to demonstrate beyond doubt that the cell lipidome is not only greatly cell type dependent but also highly sensitive to any pathophysiological alteration such as differentiation or tumorigenesis. Interestingly, the current popularization of metabolomic studies among numerous disciplines has led many researchers to rediscover lipids. Hence, it is important to underscore the peculiarities of these metabolites and their metabolism, which are both radically different from protein and nucleic acid metabolism. Once differences in lipid composition have been established, researchers face a rather complex scenario, to investigate the signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms accounting for their results. Thus, a detail often overlooked, but of crucial relevance, is the complex networks of enzymes involved in controlling the level of each one of the lipid species present in the cell. In most cases, these enzymes are redundant and promiscuous, complicating any study on lipid metabolism, since the modification of one particular lipid enzyme impacts simultaneously on many species. Altogether, this review aims to describe the difficulties in delving into the regulatory mechanisms tailoring the lipidome at the activity, genetic, and epigenetic level, while conveying the numerous, stimulating, and sometimes unexpected research opportunities afforded by this type of studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Bestard-Escalas
- Lipids in Human Pathology, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands), Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Albert Maimó-Barceló
- Lipids in Human Pathology, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands), Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Karim Pérez-Romero
- Lipids in Human Pathology, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands), Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Daniel H Lopez
- Lipids in Human Pathology, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands), Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Gwendolyn Barceló-Coblijn
- Lipids in Human Pathology, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands), Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain.
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11
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Marcos AL, Corradi GR, Mazzitelli LR, Casali CI, Fernández Tome MDC, Adamo HP, de Tezanos Pinto F. The Parkinson-associated human P5B-ATPase ATP13A2 modifies lipid homeostasis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2019; 1861:182993. [PMID: 31132336 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2019.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the ATP13A2 gene (PARK9, CLN12, OMIM 610513) were initially associated with a form of Parkinson's Disease (PD) known as Kufor Rakeb Syndrome (KRS). However, the genetic spectrum of ATP13A2-associated disorders was expanded in the last years, because it has been found to underlay variants of neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinoses (NCLs) and hereditary spastic paraplegia. As ATP13A2 seems to be a key component of the endo-lysosome pathway, the fact that these pathologies are commonly characterized by endo-lysosomal dysfunction is not surprising. Here we report that increasing the level of functional ATP13A2 in a stable SH-SY5Y cell line disrupts lipid homeostasis. ATP13A2 overexpression increases the fluorescence intensity of the fluorescent analog phosphatidylethanolamine (NBD-PE) and the formation of multilamellar bodies, resembling the so-called "drug-induced phospholipidosis". We also found that expression of ATP13A2 reduces the ceramide-fluorescence intensity and the content of bis(monoacylglyceryl)phosphate (BMP). BMP is required for lipid degradation and exosome biogenesis inside acidic compartments, so this result suggests that ATP13A2 may be modifying the lipid digestion capacity and/or the redistribution of lipids in these subcellular organelles. In addition, ATP13A2-overexpression decreased the total content of triglycerides (TGs), cholesterol and lipid droplets. As TGs are necessary for the synthesis of new membranes, this observation suggests that increasing the function of ATP13A2 switches the endo-lysosomal system towards vesicle secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Lucía Marcos
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos (UBA), Junín 956, 1113 Buenos Aires, Argentina; Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (IQUIFIB-CONICET), Junín 956, 1113 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gerardo Raul Corradi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos (UBA), Junín 956, 1113 Buenos Aires, Argentina; Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (IQUIFIB-CONICET), Junín 956, 1113 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luciana Romina Mazzitelli
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos (UBA), Junín 956, 1113 Buenos Aires, Argentina; Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (IQUIFIB-CONICET), Junín 956, 1113 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Irene Casali
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires (UBA), Junín 956, 1113 Buenos Aires, Argentina; Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (IQUIFIB-CONICET), Junín 956, 1113 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Del Carmen Fernández Tome
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires (UBA), Junín 956, 1113 Buenos Aires, Argentina; Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (IQUIFIB-CONICET), Junín 956, 1113 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Hugo Pedro Adamo
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos (UBA), Junín 956, 1113 Buenos Aires, Argentina; Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (IQUIFIB-CONICET), Junín 956, 1113 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Felicitas de Tezanos Pinto
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires (UBA), Junín 956, 1113 Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos (UBA), Junín 956, 1113 Buenos Aires, Argentina; Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (IQUIFIB-CONICET), Junín 956, 1113 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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