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Low HB, Wong ZL, Wu B, Kong LR, Png CW, Cho YL, Li CW, Xiao F, Xin X, Yang H, Loo JM, Lee FYX, Tan IBH, DasGupta R, Shen HM, Schwarz H, Gascoigne NRJ, Goh BC, Xu X, Zhang Y. DUSP16 promotes cancer chemoresistance through regulation of mitochondria-mediated cell death. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2284. [PMID: 33863904 PMCID: PMC8052345 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22638-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance is a major obstacle to the treatment of most human tumors. In this study, we find that dual-specificity phosphatase 16 (DUSP16) regulates resistance to chemotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma, colorectal cancer, gastric and breast cancer. Cancer cells expressing higher DUSP16 are intrinsically more resistant to chemotherapy-induced cell death than cells with lower DUSP16 expression. Overexpression of DUSP16 in cancer cells leads to increased resistance to cell death upon chemotherapy treatment. In contrast, knockdown of DUSP16 in cancer cells increases their sensitivity to treatment. Mechanistically, DUSP16 inhibits JNK and p38 activation, thereby reducing BAX accumulation in mitochondria to reduce apoptosis. Analysis of patient survival in head & neck cancer and breast cancer patient cohorts supports DUSP16 as a marker for sensitivity to chemotherapy and therapeutic outcome. This study therefore identifies DUSP16 as a prognostic marker for the efficacy of chemotherapy, and as a therapeutic target for overcoming chemoresistance in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Boon Low
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Immunology Programme, the Life Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhen Lim Wong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Immunology Programme, the Life Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bangyuan Wu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Immunology Programme, the Life Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Ren Kong
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chin Wen Png
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Immunology Programme, the Life Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yik-Lam Cho
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chun-Wei Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengchun Xiao
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuan Xin
- Department of Mathematics, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Henry Yang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jia Min Loo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency of Science Technology and Research (A*Star), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fiona Yi Xin Lee
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Iain Bee Huat Tan
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ramanuj DasGupta
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency of Science Technology and Research (A*Star), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Han-Ming Shen
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Herbert Schwarz
- Immunology Programme, the Life Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nicholas R J Gascoigne
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Immunology Programme, the Life Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Boon Cher Goh
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiaohong Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yongliang Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Immunology Programme, the Life Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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Kielbik M, Krzyzanowski D, Pawlik B, Klink M. Cisplatin-induced ERK1/2 activity promotes G1 to S phase progression which leads to chemoresistance of ovarian cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:19847-19860. [PMID: 29731988 PMCID: PMC5929431 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The link between ERK1/2 activity and cisplatin cytotoxicity, in association with the cell cycle, in ovarian cancer cell lines resistant (A2780cis; SK-OV-3) and sensitive (A2780) to cisplatin was determined. We observed that cisplatin, at a low concentration enhanced the activation of ERK1/2 in A2780 cells and increased their accumulation in the S phase, resulting in low cytotoxicity. A high concentration of drug induced dephosphorylation and degradation of ERK1/2 and was extremely toxic, accumulating most of to these cells in the sub-G1 phase. The PD98059, pharmacological inhibitor of ERK1/2 activation, increased the cytotoxicity of cisplatin applied at a low concentration to A2780 cells (decreased ERK1/2 activity), causing shift of cell accumulation from the S to G1 phase. Surprisingly, PD98059 enhanced cell viability when a chemotherapeutic was used at high concentration, intensifying phosphorylation level of ERK1/2 and reversing cell cycle arrest in sub-G1 to promote the G1 and S phases. A2780cis cells demonstrated resistance to cisplatin with high ERK1/2 activity and accumulation of cells in the G1 and S phases. PD98059 sensitized resistant cells to drug toxicity during the first 24 hours of treatment, with blocked ERK1/2 phosphorylation and prevented progression from the G1 to S phase. SK-OV-3 resistant cells characterized with extremely high basal phosphorylation of ERK1/2, which wasn't changed after exposure to cisplatin. Administration of PD98059 didn't change the cytotoxicity of cisplatin in these cells. In conclusion, ERK1/2, activated by cisplatin, participates in the cell cycle progression from the G1 to S phase, enhancing cells’ survival and drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Kielbik
- Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Bartlomiej Pawlik
- Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodz, Poland.,Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Klink
- Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodz, Poland
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Estévez-Sarmiento F, Hernández E, Brouard I, León F, García C, Quintana J, Estévez F. 3'-Hydroxy-3,4'-dimethoxyflavone-induced cell death in human leukaemia cells is dependent on caspases and reactive oxygen species and attenuated by the inhibition of JNK/SAPK. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 288:1-11. [PMID: 29630880 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are phenolic substances that appear to exert beneficial effects in several chronic diseases, including cancer. Structure-activity relationships of the cytotoxic activity of a series of flavonols and their 3-methyl ether derivatives established that 3'-hydroxy-3,4'-dimethoxyflavone (flavonoid 11) displayed strong cytotoxicity against human leukaemia cell lines (HL-60, U-937 and MOLT-3), and cells that over-express the anti-apoptotic proteins, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, and against P-glycoprotein-overexpressing K-562/ADR cells. This compound induced G2-M cell cycle arrest and it was a potent apoptotic inducer on HL-60, MOLT-3, U-937 and U-937/Bcl-2 cell lines. Cell death was (i) mediated by caspase activation, since it was prevented by the non-specific caspase inhibitor z-VAD-fmk and reduced by a selective caspase-9 inhibitor, (ii) associated with cytochrome c release, the dissipation of the inner mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and (iii) partially blocked by the inhibition of c-jun NH2 terminal kinases/stress activated protein kinases (JNK/SAPK) signalling and by the free-radical scavenger N-acetyl-l-cysteine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Estévez-Sarmiento
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Unidad Asociada al Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Elisa Hernández
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Unidad Asociada al Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Ignacio Brouard
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, CSIC, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Francisco León
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, CSIC, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Celina García
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica "Antonio González" (IUBO-AG), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - José Quintana
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Unidad Asociada al Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Francisco Estévez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Unidad Asociada al Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
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Schneider V, Chaib S, Spanier C, Knapp M, Moscvin V, Scordovillo L, Ewertz A, Jaehde U, Kalayda GV. Transporter-Mediated Interaction Between Platinum Drugs and Sorafenib at the Cellular Level. AAPS JOURNAL 2017; 20:9. [PMID: 29192345 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-017-0169-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Combining the multikinase inhibitor sorafenib with the platinum-based chemotherapy of solid tumors was expected to improve treatment outcome. However, in many clinical trials, no benefit from sorafenib addition to the platinum-containing regimen could be demonstrated. Moreover, in some studies, decreased survival of ovarian cancer patients as well as non-small cell lung cancer patients with squamous cell histology was observed. The aim of this study was to investigate the cellular mechanisms of the pharmacological interaction between platinum drugs and sorafenib in different cancer cell lines. The interaction was characterized by combination index analysis, platinum accumulation and DNA platination were determined using flameless atomic absorption spectrometry, and protein expression was assessed with Western blot. In the sensitive A2780 ovarian carcinoma and H520 squamous cell lung carcinoma cell lines, sorafenib induced downregulation of Na+,K+-ATPase. In A2780 cells, the kinase inhibitor also decreased the expression of copper transporter 1 (CTR1). As a result, sorafenib treatment led to a diminished cellular accumulation of cisplatin and carboplatin and to a decrease in DNA platination in these cell lines. This was not the case in the cisplatin-resistant A2780cis ovarian carcinoma and H522 lung adenocarcinoma cell lines featuring lower basal expression of the above-mentioned transporters. In all cell lines studied, an antagonistic interaction between platinum drugs and sorafenib was found. Our results suggest that sorafenib impairs cisplatin and carboplatin uptake through downregulation of CTR1 and/or Na+,K+-ATPase resulting in reduction of DNA platination. This effect is not observed in cancer cells with defects in platinum accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Schneider
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Selim Chaib
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Claudia Spanier
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Mandy Knapp
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Violeta Moscvin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Laura Scordovillo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alessandra Ewertz
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ulrich Jaehde
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ganna V Kalayda
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121, Bonn, Germany.
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Antiproliferative and Pro-Apoptotic Effect of Novel Nitro-Substituted Hydroxynaphthanilides on Human Cancer Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17081219. [PMID: 27483236 PMCID: PMC5000617 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17081219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ring-substituted hydroxynaphthanilides are considered as cyclic analogues of salicylanilides, compounds possessing a wide range of pharmacological activities, including promising anticancer properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential anticancer effect of novel nitro-substituted hydroxynaphthanilides with a special focus on structure-activity relationships. The antiproliferative effect was assessed by Water Soluble Tetrazolium Salts-1 (WST-1) assay, and cytotoxicity was evaluated via dye exclusion test. Flow cytometry was used for cell cycle analysis and detection of apoptosis using Annexin V-FITC/PI assay. Protein expression was estimated by Western blotting. Our data indicate that the potential to cause the antiproliferative effect increases with the shift of the nitro substituent from the ortho- to the para-position. The most potent compounds, 3-hydroxy-N-(3-nitrophenyl)naphthalene-2-carboxamide (2), and 2-hydroxy-N-(4-nitrophenyl)-naphthalene-1-carboxamide (6) showed antiproliferative activity against THP-1 and MCF-7 cancer cells without affecting the proliferation of 3T3-L1 non-tumour cells. Compounds 2 and 6 induced the accumulation of THP-1 and MCF-7 cells in G1 phase associated with the downregulation of cyclin E1 protein levels, while the levels of cyclin B1 were not affected. Moreover, compound 2 was found to exert the pro-apoptotic effect on the THP-1 cells. These results suggest that hydroxynaphthanilides might represent a potential model structure for the development of novel anticancer agents.
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Mahbub AA, Le Maitre CL, Haywood-Small SL, Cross NA, Jordan-Mahy N. Glutathione is key to the synergistic enhancement of doxorubicin and etoposide by polyphenols in leukaemia cell lines. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e2028. [PMID: 26720337 PMCID: PMC4720910 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A A Mahbub
- Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, The Department of Biosciences and Chemistry, Faculty of Health and Wellbeing, Sheffield Hallam University, Howard Street, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S1 1WB, UK
| | - C L Le Maitre
- Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, The Department of Biosciences and Chemistry, Faculty of Health and Wellbeing, Sheffield Hallam University, Howard Street, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S1 1WB, UK
| | - S L Haywood-Small
- Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, The Department of Biosciences and Chemistry, Faculty of Health and Wellbeing, Sheffield Hallam University, Howard Street, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S1 1WB, UK
| | - N A Cross
- Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, The Department of Biosciences and Chemistry, Faculty of Health and Wellbeing, Sheffield Hallam University, Howard Street, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S1 1WB, UK
| | - N Jordan-Mahy
- Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, The Department of Biosciences and Chemistry, Faculty of Health and Wellbeing, Sheffield Hallam University, Howard Street, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S1 1WB, UK
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Marengo B, De Ciucis CG, Ricciarelli R, Furfaro AL, Colla R, Canepa E, Traverso N, Marinari UM, Pronzato MA, Domenicotti C. p38MAPK inhibition: a new combined approach to reduce neuroblastoma resistance under etoposide treatment. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e589. [PMID: 23579276 PMCID: PMC3641341 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the second most common solid pediatric tumor and is characterized by clinical and biological heterogeneity, and stage-IV of the disease represents 50% of all cases. Considering the limited success of present chemotherapy treatment, it has become necessary to find new and effective therapies. In this context, our approach consists of identifying and targeting key molecular pathways associated with NB chemoresistance. This study has been carried out on three stage-IV NB cell lines with different status of MYCN amplification. Cells were exposed to a standard chemotherapy agent, namely etoposide, either alone or in combination with particular drugs, which target intracellular signaling pathways. Etoposide alone induced a concentration-dependent reduction of cell viability and, at very high doses, totally counteracted cell tumorigenicity and neurosphere formation. In addition, etoposide activated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), AKT and c-Jun N-terminal kinase. Pre-treatment with SB203580, a p38MAPK inhibitor, dramatically sensibilized NB cells to etoposide, strongly reducing the dosage needed to inhibit tumorigenicity and neurosphere formation. Importantly, SB203580–etoposide cotreatment also reduced cell migration and invasion by affecting cyclooxygenase-2, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, C–X–C chemokine receptor-4 and matrix metalloprotease-9. Collectively, our results suggest that p38MAPK inhibition, in combination with standard chemotherapy, could represent an effective strategy to counteract NB resistance in stage-IV patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Marengo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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Notch3 induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition and attenuates carboplatin-induced apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells. Gynecol Oncol 2013; 130:200-6. [PMID: 23542683 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2012] [Revised: 03/02/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Notch3 is implicated in chemoresistance of ovarian cancer, yet the molecular mechanism underlying Notch3-mediated drug resistance remains to be elucidated. Here, we investigated the role of Notch3 in carboplatin-induced apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells. METHODS Ovarian cancer cell line OVCA429 cells were stably transduced with an empty vector or a retroviral vector expressing the Notch3 intracellular domain (NICD3, the constitutively active form of Notch3) to generate OVCA429/vector and OVCA429/NICD3 cells. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was determined by morphological change and expression of the EMT markers. Carboplatin-induced cytotoxicity was determined by the neutral red uptake assay. Apoptosis was determined by Annexin V staining and Western blotting. Carboplatin-induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) was identified by a phospho-kinase array and confirmed by Western blotting. RESULTS Activation of Notch3 in OVCA429 cells causes a spindle and fibroblast-like morphology, induces the expression of smooth muscle α-actin, Slug and Snail, but decreases the expression of E-cadherin, indicating that Notch3 activation induces EMT in OVCA429 cells. Furthermore, Notch3 activation renders OVCA429 cells more resistant to carboplatin-induced cytotoxicity and attenuates carboplatin-induced apoptosis in these cells. Our results indicate that phosphorylation of ERK is a positive regulator of carboplatin-induced apoptosis in OVCA429 cells. Interestingly, carboplatin-induced ERK phosphorylation is inhibited by Notch3 activation. CONCLUSIONS Notch3 activation induces EMT and attenuates carboplatin-induced apoptosis in OVCA429 cells. ERK phosphorylation plays a pro-apoptotic role in carboplatin-induced apoptosis in OVCA429 cells. Interestingly, Notch3 activation attenuates carboplatin-induced ERK phosphorylation in these cells.
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Eicher C, Dewerth A, Thomale J, Ellerkamp V, Hildenbrand S, Warmann SW, Fuchs J, Armeanu-Ebinger S. Effect of sorafenib combined with cytostatic agents on hepatoblastoma cell lines and xenografts. Br J Cancer 2012; 108:334-41. [PMID: 23257893 PMCID: PMC3566826 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2012.539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sorafenib has recently been shown to reduce tumour growth in hepatoblastoma (HB) xenografts. The effect of a combined administration with cytostatic agents was now investigated. METHODS Cell viability after treatment with sorafenib and different cytostatic agents was evaluated in two HB cell lines (HUH6 and HepT1) using MTT assay. ERK signalling was investigated by western blot, NOXA expression by rt-PCR, and formation of DNA adducts using immunocytology. NMRI mice bearing subcutaneous HUH6-derived tumours were treated with sorafenib alone or in combination with cisplatin. Tumour progression, viability, apoptosis, and vascularisation were monitored by tumour volume, AFP levels, TUNEL assay, and CD31 immunostaining, respectively. RESULTS The combination of sorafenib and cisplatin led to a remarkable decrease in cell viability. The cisplatin-induced enhanced ERK1/2 activation, but not NOXA expression and the formation of DNA adducts was partly abrogated by sorafenib. In HB xenografts, both, sorafenib and alternated application of sorafenib and cisplatin significantly reduced tumour growth (P<0.05). Levels of AFP were lower in both treated groups (P=0.08). Relative apoptotic areas were increased (P=0.003). Mean vascular density was the lowest in the sorafenib/CDDP group (P=0.02). CONCLUSION The combination of sorafenib with cisplatin might be a promising treatment option for high risk or recurrent HB.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Eicher
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, University Children's Hospital, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 3, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
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Lim SC, Duong HQ, Parajuli KR, Han SI. Pro-apoptotic role of the MEK/ERK pathway in ursodeoxycholic acid-induced apoptosis in SNU601 gastric cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2012; 28:1429-34. [PMID: 22824956 DOI: 10.3892/or.2012.1918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 06/15/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) has been regarded as a suppressor of gastrointestinal cancer, but the mechanisms underlying its antitumor effects are not fully understood. Previously, we reported the antitumor effect of UDCA by demonstrating that UDCA induces apoptosis of gastric cancer cells. Bile acids are known to activate the ERK pathway and ERK is a representative oncogenic kinase in cancer cells. Here, we investigated the role of ERK in UDCA-induced gastric cancer cell apoptosis. We found that UDCA enhanced the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and MEK1/2. The prevention of MEK by the pharmacologic inhibitors PD98059 and U0126, resulted in decreased UDCA-induced apoptosis as shown by the reduction of apoptotic body formation, caspase-8 activity, and caspase-3, -6 and PARP cleavage, indicating that ERK exerts pro-apoptotic activity upon exposure to UDCA. In addition, U0126 reduced UDCA-triggered TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor 2 (TRAIL-R2/DR5) expression. In gene silencing studies, we observed that RNA interference of ERK2 decreased apoptosis and reduced DR5 overexpression. Lipid raft disrupting agent, methyl-β-cyclodextrin, blunted the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, indicating that ERK activation is regulated in a lipid raft-dependent manner. On the other hand, tumor-promoting bile acid, deoxycholic acid (DCA), also phosphorylated ERK in SNU601 cells. However, the DCA-triggered ERK pathway exerted anti-apoptotic function in the cells. Suppression of the ERK pathway enhanced DCA-induced apoptosis, and ERK activation was observed to be lipid raft-independently controlled. These results indicated that UDCA and DCA may cause differential responses in gastric cancer cells through the ERK signaling molecule. Thus, ERK activation may be a possible mechanism by which UDCA and DCA represent differential activities in gastrointestinal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Chul Lim
- Research Center for Resistant Cells, Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, Republic of Korea
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Hernandez-Flores G, Ortiz-Lazareno PC, Lerma-Diaz JM, Dominguez-Rodriguez JR, Jave-Suarez LF, Aguilar-Lemarroy ADC, de Celis-Carrillo R, del Toro-Arreola S, Castellanos-Esparza YC, Bravo-Cuellar A. Pentoxifylline sensitizes human cervical tumor cells to cisplatin-induced apoptosis by suppressing NF-kappa B and decreased cell senescence. BMC Cancer 2011; 11:483. [PMID: 22074157 PMCID: PMC3229613 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-11-483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2011] [Accepted: 11/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Worldwide, cervical cancer is the second most common causes of cancer in women and represents an important mortality rate. Cisplatin (CIS) is a very important antitumoral agent and can lead tumor cells toward two important cellular states: apoptosis and senescence. In some types of cancers pentoxifylline (PTX) sensitizes these cells to the toxic action of chemotherapeutics drugs such as adriamycin, inducing apoptosis. In the present work, we studied in vitro whether PTX alone or in combination with CIS induces apoptosis and/or senescence in cervix cancer HeLa and SiHa cell lines infected with HPV types 16 and 18, respectively, as well as in immortalized keratinocytyes HaCaT cells. METHODS HeLa (HPV 18+), SiHa (HPV 16+) cervix cancer cells and non-tumorigenic immortalized HaCaT cells (control) were treated with PTX, CIS or both. The cellular toxicity and survival fraction of PTX and CIS were determinate by WST-1 and clonogenic assays respectively. Apoptosis, caspase activation and phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38, p65 (NF-κB), Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL anti-apoptotic proteins were determinated by flow cytometry. Senescence by microscopy. Phosphorylation of IκBα and IκB total were measured by ELISA. Pro-apoptotic, anti-apoptotic and senescence genes, as well as HPV-E6/7 mRNA expression, were detected by RT-PCR. RESULTS Our results show that after 24 hours of incubation PTX per se is toxic for cancer cells affecting cell viability and inducing apoptosis. The toxicity in HaCaT cells was minimal. CIS induces apoptosis in HeLa and SiHa cells and its effect was significantly increases when the cells were treated with PTX + CIS. In all studies there was a direct correlation with levels of caspases (-3, -6, -7, -9 and -8) activity and apoptosis. CIS induces important levels of senescence and phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38, p65/RELA, and IκBα, and decreased the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-XL. Surprisingly these levels were significantly reduced by PTX in tumor cells, and at the same time, increases the expression of pro-apoptotic genes. CONCLUSION PTX sensitizes cervical cancer cells to CIS-induced apoptosis and decreases the CIS-induced senescence in these cells via inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway; diminishes expression of antiapoptotic proteins and the activation of caspases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgina Hernandez-Flores
- División de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
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Non-substituted N-heteroaromatic selenosemicarbazone metal complexes induce apoptosis in cancer cells via activation of mitochondrial pathway. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:3734-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2011] [Revised: 05/09/2011] [Accepted: 05/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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13
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An ERK-dependent pathway to Noxa expression regulates apoptosis by platinum-based chemotherapeutic drugs. Oncogene 2010; 29:6428-41. [PMID: 20802529 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2010.380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin is a widely used cancer chemotherapeutic that promotes DNA damage-associated apoptosis. Although platinum compounds are known to form DNA adducts and provoke DNA damage, the molecular mechanism of cisplatin-induced cell death remains unclear. In this article, we show that the BH3-only protein Noxa is strongly transcriptionally upregulated in response to cisplatin and related platinum compounds. Cisplatin-induced Noxa expression was ERK dependent, but p53 independent, and inhibition of ERK activation markedly attenuated cisplatin-induced cell death, as well as Noxa expression. Furthermore, siRNA-mediated ablation of Noxa expression also inhibited cisplatin-induced cell death and permitted clonogenic survival. These observations reveal a novel ERK-regulated route to Noxa expression that is important for the cell killing activity of platinum-based chemotherapeutic drugs.
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Basu A, Krishnamurthy S. Cellular responses to Cisplatin-induced DNA damage. J Nucleic Acids 2010; 2010:201367. [PMID: 20811617 PMCID: PMC2929606 DOI: 10.4061/2010/201367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 315] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2010] [Accepted: 06/28/2010] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is one of the most effective anticancer agents widely used in the treatment of solid tumors. It is generally considered as a cytotoxic drug which kills cancer cells by damaging DNA and inhibiting DNA synthesis. How cells respond to cisplatin-induced DNA damage plays a critical role in deciding cisplatin sensitivity. Cisplatin-induced DNA damage activates various signaling pathways to prevent or promote cell death. This paper summarizes our current understandings regarding the mechanisms by which cisplatin induces cell death and the bases of cisplatin resistance. We have discussed various steps, including the entry of cisplatin inside cells, DNA repair, drug detoxification, DNA damage response, and regulation of cisplatin-induced apoptosis by protein kinases. An understanding of how various signaling pathways regulate cisplatin-induced cell death should aid in the development of more effective therapeutic strategies for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alakananda Basu
- Department of Molecular Biology & Immunology, University of North Texas Health Science Center and Institute for Cancer Research, 3500 Camp Bowie Boulevard, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Soumya Krishnamurthy
- Department of Molecular Biology & Immunology, University of North Texas Health Science Center and Institute for Cancer Research, 3500 Camp Bowie Boulevard, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
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Rodríguez-García ME, Quiroga AG, Castro J, Ortiz A, Aller P, Mata F. Inhibition of p38-MAPK potentiates cisplatin-induced apoptosis via GSH depletion and increases intracellular drug accumulation in growth-arrested kidney tubular epithelial cells. Toxicol Sci 2009; 111:413-23. [PMID: 19578154 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfp145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We were interested in analyzing the regulation by mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) of cisplatin-provoked toxicity in epithelial renal tubule cell lines, when assayed under culture conditions (cell confluence plus serum deprivation), which mimic the characteristics of a nonproliferating epithelium. Under these restrictive growth conditions, cisplatin induced apoptosis with lower efficacy than in exponentially growing cells, and decreased p38-MAPK phosphorylation in NRK-52E and other (LLC-PK1, MDCK, HK2) cell lines. Moreover, cisplatin-provoked apoptosis was potentiated by cotreatment with p38-MAPK-specific inhibitors (SB203580, SB220025) or transfection with a kinase-negative mutant of MKK6, whereas c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase or extracellular signal-regulated kinase/MAPK and ERK Kinase inhibitors were ineffective. By contrast, when applied to exponentially growing cells, cisplatin stimulated p38-MAPK phosphorylation and apoptosis, was attenuated by kinase inhibitors. Treatment of confluent/serum-deprived cells with cisplatin caused mitochondrial transmembrane potential disruption and activated the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, as indicated by the decrease in Bcl-X(L) expression, increase in Bax expression and cytochrome c release, and these effects were potentiated by cotreatment with SB203580. Treatment of confluent/serum-deprived cells with cisplatin plus SB203580 decreased the intracellular reduced glutathione (GSH) content, and increased intracellular cisplatin accumulation as well as cisplatin binding to DNA. Cotreatment with the GSH-depleting agent D,L-buthionine-R,S-sulfoximine also potentiated cisplatin-provoked apoptosis. In summary, p38-MAPK inhibition potentiates cisplatin-provoked apoptosis in growth-arrested epithelial renal tubule cells, a result that may be explained at least in part by GSH depletion and drug transport alteration.
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16
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Martin P, Boulukos KE, Poggi MC, Pognonec P. Long-term extracellular signal-related kinase activation following cadmium intoxication is negatively regulated by a protein kinase C-dependent pathway affecting cadmium transport. FEBS J 2009; 276:1667-79. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2009.06899.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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17
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Modulation of survival pathways in ovarian carcinoma cell lines resistant to platinum compounds. Mol Cancer Ther 2008; 7:679-87. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-07-0450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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18
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Champelovier P, El Atifi M, Pautre V, Rostaing B, Berger F, Seigneurin D. Specific inhibition of basal mitogen-activated protein kinases and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase activities in leukemia cells: a possible therapeutic role for the kinase inhibitors. Exp Hematol 2007; 36:28-36. [PMID: 17949889 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2007.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2007] [Revised: 07/13/2007] [Accepted: 08/20/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The roles of phosphatidylinositol 3 (PI3K) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) have been widely studied in terms of the differentiation process induced by several drugs (phorbol ester, vitamin D-3, retinoic acid, etc.), but their exact functions in leukemic cells' phenotype and their potential therapeutic role remain incompletely clarified. MATERIALS AND METHODS In order to investigate this query, leukemia cells were cultured in presence of kinase inhibitors (KIs). Proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation were analyzed at the cellular and molecular levels, using flow cytometry and reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS SB203580, a P38 MAPK inhibitor, had no effect on cell proliferation, whereas LY294002, a PI3K inhibitor, and PD098059, a selective inhibitor of mitogen-activated extracellular regulated kinase (MEK) phosphorylation, arrested cells in G(0)/G(1). However, LY294002 and PD098059 acted using different mechanisms: LY294002 decreased the expression of phosphorylated S6RP, whereas PD098059 increased P21/waf1 antigen expression. SP600125, an inhibitor of N-terminal c-jun kinases, arrested cells in G(2) and induced an endoreplicative process. SP600125 increased p21 at both the mRNA and protein levels. G(2) blockage is dependent on the PI3K pathway and the endoreplicative process is dependent on the PI3K and extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) pathways and mRNA synthesis. On the other hand, PD098059 potentiated the apoptotic process induced by either SP600125 or LY294002. Modulation of the expression of CD11, CD15, CD18, and CD54 was cell-dependent. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that KIs modulate proliferation of leukemia cells and that the MEK/ERK inhibitor, PD098059, in combination with either SP600125 or LY294002, could have clinical value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Champelovier
- Laboratoire de Dynamique Cellulaire de l'EPHE, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France.
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19
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Brozovic A, Osmak M. Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases by cisplatin and their role in cisplatin-resistance. Cancer Lett 2007; 251:1-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2006.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2006] [Revised: 09/07/2006] [Accepted: 10/11/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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20
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Han B, Wei W, Hua F, Cao T, Dong H, Yang T, Yang Y, Pan H, Xu C. Requirement for ERK activity in sodium selenite-induced apoptosis of acute promyelocytic leukemia-derived NB4 cells. BMB Rep 2007; 40:196-204. [PMID: 17394769 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2007.40.2.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous study has shown that sodium selenite can cause apoptosis in acute promyelocytic leukemia-derived NB4 cells in a caspase-dependent manner, but the detailed mechanism is unknown. Here we demonstrate a requirement for extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) in mediating sodium selenite -induced apoptosis in NB4 cell. Though no apparent elevation of ERK activity was observed during the apoptosis in NB4 cells caused by 20 microM sodium selenite treatment, PD98059 and U0126, specific chemical inhibitors of the MEK/ERK signaling pathway, were shown to strongly prevent the apoptosis process, while ERK activator TPA enhanced the process. It is also known that p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 and JNK inhibitor SP600125 had slight effects on apoptosis. Further study indicated that ERK exerted its proapoptotic effect only at the early stage of apoptosis and played an antiapoptotic role at the later stages. Taken together, our findings suggest that ERK plays an active role in mediating sodium seleniteinduced apoptosis in NB4 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingshe Han
- National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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21
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Ramos AM, Fernandez C, Amrán D, Esteban D, de Blas E, Palacios MA, Aller P. Pharmacologic inhibitors of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERKs) and c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK) decrease glutathione content and sensitize human promonocytic leukemia cells to arsenic trioxide-induced apoptosis. J Cell Physiol 2007; 209:1006-15. [PMID: 16972261 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.20806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Treatment with 1-4 microM As(2)O(3) slightly induced apoptosis in U-937 human promonocitic leukemia cells. This effect was potentiated by co-treatment with MEK/ERK (PD98059, U0126) and JNK (SP600125, AS601245) inhibitors, but not with p38 (SB203580, SB220025) inhibitors. However, no potentiation was obtained using lonidamine, doxorubicin, or cisplatin instead of As(2)O(3). Apoptosis potentiation by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitors involved both the intrinsic and extrinsic executionary pathways, as demonstrated by Bax activation and cytochrome c release from mitochondria, and by caspase-8 activation and Bid cleavage, respectively; and the activation of both pathways was prevented by Bcl-2 over-expression. Treatment with MEK/ERK and JNK inhibitors, but not with p38 inhibitors, caused intracellular glutathione (GSH) depletion, which was differentially regulated. Thus, while it was prevented by N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) in the case of U0126, it behaved as a NAC-insensitive process, regulated at the level of DL-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine (BSO)-sensitive enzyme activity, in the case of SP600125. The MEK/ERK inhibitor also potentiated apoptosis and decreased GSH content in As(2)O(3)-treated NB4 human acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cells, but none of these effects were produced by the JNK inhibitor. MEK/ERK and JNK inhibitors did not apparently affect As(2)O(3) transport activity, as measured by intracellular arsenic accumulation. SP600126 greatly induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, while BSO and U0126 had little or null effects. These results, which indicate that glutathione is a target of MAP kinases in myeloid leukemia cells, might be exploited to improve the antitumor properties of As(2)O(3), and provide a rationale for the use of kinase inhibitors as therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian M Ramos
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040-Madrid, Spain
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22
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Villedieu M, Briand M, Duval M, Héron JF, Gauduchon P, Poulain L. Anticancer and chemosensitizing effects of 2,3-DCPE in ovarian carcinoma cell lines: link with ERK activation and modulation of p21WAF1/CIP1, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL expression. Gynecol Oncol 2007; 105:373-84. [PMID: 17276501 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2006.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2006] [Revised: 12/19/2006] [Accepted: 12/21/2006] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Emergence of chemoresistance in the course of treatments with platinum drugs remains a major hurdle to ovarian carcinoma therapy. We have previously shown that acquisition of cisplatin resistance by OAW42-R ovarian carcinoma cells was associated with the loss of ERK activation in response to cisplatin. To try to sensitize this cell line by restoring ERK activation, we tested a new synthetic compound, 2[[3-(2,3-dichlorophenoxy)propyl]amino]ethanol (2,3-DCPE), which was described to induce ERK activation and to display anticancer properties. METHODS We treated four ovarian carcinoma cell lines with 2,3-DCPE, alone or combined with cisplatin. We characterized its effects on apoptosis induction and proliferation and correlated them with molecular modulations. RESULTS We showed that 2,3-DCPE induced cell death and ERK phosphorylation in a time- and concentration-dependent manner in OAW42-R cells. 2,3-DCPE-triggered apoptosis was also associated with the inhibition of Bcl-2 expression and, to a less extent, with that of Bcl-xL. Treatment with 2,3-DCPE also elicited a strong G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, accompanied with p21WAF1/CIP1 up-regulation. All of these effects revealed to be irreversible. Moreover, 2,3-DCPE exerted a cytostatic effect on OAW42, IGROV1-R10 and SKOV3 ovarian carcinoma cells, the sensitivity to 2,3-DCPE appearing in particular linked with a low basal level of P-ERK. Finally, we showed that 2,3-DCPE increased the cytotoxic effect of cisplatin in OAW42-R resistant cells. CONCLUSION Our results emphasized the potential interest of 2,3-DCPE, used alone or combined with cisplatin, for ovarian carcinoma treatment. The absence of basal P-ERK may constitute a predictive marker of response to this novel therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Villedieu
- Groupe Régional d'Etudes sur le Cancer (EA 1772, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie), Unité Biologie et Thérapies Innovantes des Cancers Localement Agressifs, Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer François Baclesse, Caen, France.
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23
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Sancho P, Galeano E, Nieto E, Delgado MD, García-Pérez AI. Dequalinium induces cell death in human leukemia cells by early mitochondrial alterations which enhance ROS production. Leuk Res 2007; 31:969-78. [PMID: 17250890 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2006.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2006] [Revised: 11/27/2006] [Accepted: 11/27/2006] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Dequalinium (DQA) has been proposed as a selective antitumoral agent due to its preferential accumulation in mitochondria of cancer cells. Our aim was a better understanding of DQA cytotoxicity. DQA-induced NB4 and K562 cell alterations are initiated within the first 30 min of treatment at a high DQA concentration with a mitochondrial membrane depolarization. Cytochrome c release to cytoplasm, superoxide anion overproduction and ATP depletion in NB4 cells induce, 16 h later, apoptosis by a typical caspase-9/caspase-3-dependent intrinsic pathway. K562 cells were more resistant to the DQA effect than NB4 cells, remaining viable for longer time periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Sancho
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Campus Universitario, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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24
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Martin P, Poggi MC, Chambard JC, Boulukos KE, Pognonec P. Low dose cadmium poisoning results in sustained ERK phosphorylation and caspase activation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2006; 350:803-7. [PMID: 17027645 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.09.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2006] [Accepted: 09/24/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium poisoning has been known to result in a wide variety of cellular responses, including oxidative stress and kinase activation. It has been reported that ERK is activated following acute cadmium exposure, and this response is commonly seen as a classical ERK survival mechanism. Here, we analyzed different cell types for their responses to low concentrations of cadmium poisoning. We found that there is an association between cell susceptibility to cadmium toxicity and ERK activation. This activation is atypical, since it consists of a sustained ERK phosphorylation, that lasts up to 6 days post stimulation. This activation is associated with the appearance of cleaved caspases 8 and 3, processed PARP, and irreversible damage. Pharmacological inhibition of ERK phosphorylation results in the ability of cells to resist cadmium poisoning. Our data indicate that low cadmium concentrations result in an unconventional ERK sustained phosphorylation, which in turn leads to death signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Martin
- Transcriptional Regulation and Differentiation, CNRS UMR 6548, Nice University, Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice cedex 2, France.
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25
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Sancho P, Fernández C, Yuste VJ, Amrán D, Ramos AM, de Blas E, Susin SA, Aller P. Regulation of apoptosis/necrosis execution in cadmium-treated human promonocytic cells under different forms of oxidative stress. Apoptosis 2006; 11:673-86. [PMID: 16532269 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-006-5879-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Pulse-treatment of U-937 human promonocytic cells with cadmium chloride followed by recovery caused caspase-9/caspase-3-dependent, caspase-8-independent apoptosis. However, pre-incubation with the glutathione (GSH)-suppressing agent DL-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine (cadmium/BSO), or co-treatment with H2O2 (cadmium/H2O2), switched the mode of death to caspase-independent necrosis. The switch from apoptosis to necrosis did not involve gross alterations in Apaf-1 and pro-caspase-9 expression, nor inhibition of cytochrome c release from mitochondria. However, cadmium/H2O2-induced necrosis involved ATP depletion and was prevented by 3-aminobenzamide, while cadmium/BSO-induced necrosis was ATP independent. Pre-incubation with BSO increased the intracellular cadmium accumulation, while co-treatment with H2O2 did not. Both treatments caused intracellular peroxide over-accumulation and disruption of mitochondrial transmembrane potential (delta psi m). However, while post-treatment with N-acetyl-L-cysteine or butylated hydroxyanisole reduced the cadmium/BSO-mediated necrosis and delta psi m disruption, it did not reduce the effects of cadmium/H2O2. Bcl-2 over-expression, which reduced peroxide accumulation without affecting the intracellular GSH content, attenuated necrosis generation by cadmium/H2O2 but not by cadmium/BSO. By contrast, AIF suppression, which reduced peroxide accumulation and increased the GSH content, attenuated the toxicity of both treatments. These results unravel the existence of two different oxidation-mediated necrotic pathways in cadmium-treated cells, one of them resulting from ATP-dependent apoptosis blockade, and the other involving the concurrence of multiple regulatory factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sancho
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
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Huang J, Hu X, Zhang J, Li K, Yan Y, Xu X. The application of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2005; 40:227-34. [PMID: 16364586 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2005.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2005] [Revised: 11/07/2005] [Accepted: 11/10/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
With the development of life science, pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis becomes more and more important in medical science. Further studies will be hopefully established if it is possible to use inorganic elemental standards or small organic compounds in the quantitative determination of all kinds of drugs, nucleotides and sulfur or phosphorus containing peptides and proteins at appropriate concentration with an acceptable accuracy. Since 1980, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) has emerged as a new and powerful analytical technique which is suitable for element and isotope analysis. It offers extremely wide detection range of element and co-analysis of most elements in the periodic table. Also, it can be applied to perform qualitative, semiquantitative, and quantitative analysis and isotopic ratios through mass-to-electric charge ratio. With the help of ICP-MS, the struggle of searching for an excellent quantification technique in, e.g. drugs and proteomics has come appreciably close to an end. This review mainly focuses on the introduction of application of ICP-MS in pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis. Some problems in application and the handling strategies are simply presented at the end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianquan Huang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Shandong University, P.O. BOX 112#, No. 44 Wenhua-WestRoad, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, PR China.
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