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Socas L, Ambroggio E. HIV-1 Gag specificity for PIP2 is regulated by macromolecular electric properties of both protein and membrane local environments. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA (BBA) - BIOMEMBRANES 2023; 1865:184157. [PMID: 37028700 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2023.184157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
HIV-1 assembly occurs at the plasma membrane, with the Gag polyprotein playing a crucial role. Gag association with the membrane is directed by the matrix domain (MA), which is myristoylated and has a highly basic region that interacts with anionic lipids. Several pieces of evidence suggest that the presence of phosphatidylinositol-(4,5)-bisphosphate (PIP2) highly influences this binding. Furthermore, MA also interacts with nucleic acids, which is proposed to be important for the specificity of GAG for PIP2-containing membranes. It is hypothesized that RNA has a chaperone function by interacting with the MA domain, preventing Gag from associating with unspecific lipid interfaces. Here, we study the interaction of MA with monolayer and bilayer membrane systems, focusing on the specificity for PIP2 and on the possible effects of a Gag N-terminal peptide on impairing the binding for either RNA or membrane. We found that RNA decreases the kinetics of the protein association with lipid monolayers but has no effect on the selectivity for PIP2. Interestingly, for bilayer systems, this selectivity increases in presence of both the peptide and RNA, even for highly negatively charged compositions, where MA alone does not discriminate between membranes with or without PIP2. Therefore, we propose that the specificity of MA for PIP2-containing membranes might be related to the electrostatic properties of both membrane and protein local environments, rather than a simple difference in molecular affinities. This scenario provides a new understanding of the regulation mechanism, with a macromolecular view, rather than considering molecular interactions within a ligand-receptor model.
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2
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Kaur N, Fischer M, Hitaishi P, Kumar S, Sharma VK, Ghosh SK, Gahlay GK, Scheidt HA, Mithu VS. How 1, n-Bis(3-alkylimidazolium-1-yl) Alkane Interacts with the Phospholipid Membrane and Impacts the Toxicity of Dicationic Ionic Liquids. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:13803-13813. [PMID: 36321388 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids based on doubly charged cations, often termed dicationic ionic liquids (DILs), offer robust physicochemical properties and low toxicity than conventional monocationic ionic liquids. In this design-based study, we used solid-state NMR spectroscopy to provide the interaction mechanism of two DILs, 1,n-bis(3-alkylimidazolium-1-yl) alkane dibromide ([C2n(C7-nIM)2]2+·2Br-, n = 1, 6), with 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) and 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-rac-glycerol) (POPG) phospholipid membranes, to explain the low toxicity of DILs toward HeLa, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell lines. Dications with a short linker and long terminal chains cause substantial perturbation to the bilayer structure, making them more membrane permeabilizing, as shown by fluorescence-based dye leakage assays. The structural perturbation is even higher than [C12(MIM)]+ monocations, which carry a single 12-carbon long chain and exhibit a much higher membrane affinity, permeability, and cytotoxicity. These structural details are a crucial contribution to the design strategies aimed at harnessing the biological activity of ionic liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navleen Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar143005, India
| | - Markus Fischer
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University, Leipzig04109, Germany
| | - Prashant Hitaishi
- Department of Physics, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, NH-91, Tehsil Dadri, G. B. Nagar, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh201314, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar143005, India
| | - Veerendra Kumar Sharma
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai400094, India
| | - Sajal Kumar Ghosh
- Department of Physics, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, NH-91, Tehsil Dadri, G. B. Nagar, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh201314, India
| | - Gagandeep Kaur Gahlay
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar143005, India
| | - Holger A Scheidt
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University, Leipzig04109, Germany
| | - Venus Singh Mithu
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar143005, India
- Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Am Faßberg 11, Göttingen37077, Germany
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Palusińska-Szysz M, Jurak M, Gisch N, Waldow F, Zehethofer N, Nehls C, Schwudke D, Koper P, Mazur A. The human LL-37 peptide exerts antimicrobial activity against Legionella micdadei interacting with membrane phospholipids. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2022; 1867:159138. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2022.159138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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4
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Miasaki KMF, Wilke N, Neto JR, Alvares DS. N-terminal acetylation of a mastoparan-like peptide enhances PE/PG segregation in model membranes. Chem Phys Lipids 2020; 232:104975. [PMID: 32949566 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2020.104975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The synthetic peptides L1A and its acetylated analog (acL1A) display potent Gram-negative bactericidal activities without being hemolytic. We have gathered evidence that the N-terminal acetylation of L1A enhances the lytic activity in anionic vesicles with high capability to insert into and disturb lipid packing of model membranes. Here, the impact of L1A and acL1A was evaluated on a model membrane that mimics the cytoplasmic membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, which is rich in phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylglycerol (PG), using 3:1 mixture of POPE/DOPG and a variety of techniques. We followed peptide adsorption and penetration by zeta potential determination of large unilamellar vesicles, accessibility of tryptophan residue to acrylamide by quenching assays, and Gibbs isotherms. The secondary structure of the peptide on the membranes was assessed using circular dichroism. Peptide mixing ability with the lipids and phase segregation was assessed by the observation of Langmuir monolayers with fluorescence microscopy, as well as with differential scanning calorimetry thermograms of multilamellar vesicles. All in all, the results indicate that both peptides adsorb and penetrate POPE/DOPG membranes with similar affinities, decreasing the surface charge, and adopting alpha structures. Both peptides mix with DOPG and demix from POPE, and consequently, persist at the interface to larger surface pressures in the presence of PG than in pure PE monolayers. This selective degree of mixing of the peptides with PE and PG leads to peptide-induced segregation of PG from PE, being the less charged peptide, acL1A, able to segregate the lipids more efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth M F Miasaki
- UNESP - São Paulo State University, IBILCE, Department of Physics, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Natalia Wilke
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina; Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC), CONICET, Córdoba, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA, Argentina
| | - João Ruggiero Neto
- UNESP - São Paulo State University, IBILCE, Department of Physics, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Dayane S Alvares
- UNESP - São Paulo State University, IBILCE, Department of Physics, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.
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Study of the Mechanism of the Antimicrobial Activity of Novel Water Soluble Ammonium Quaternary Benzanthrone on Model Membranes. J Membr Biol 2020; 253:247-256. [PMID: 32393995 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-020-00121-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The increasing resistance of many pathogens to most of the common antimicrobials requires the development of new substances with more effective antimicrobial properties. In the present work, we investigated the mechanism of the antimicrobial activity of novel water soluble ammonium quaternary benzanthrone (Compound B) on model membranes, composed of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine, dipalmitoylphosphatidylglycerol, 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylglycerol, and dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DPPE). The lipids were chosen to represent a model of a bacterial membrane. The changes in surface pressure of the model membranes, before and after the addition of Compound B, were studied by the Langmuir's monolayer method, and the compressional modulus for each monolayer was determined. In addition, the surface morphology of the lipid monolayers before and after injection of Compound B was monitored by Brewster Angle Microscopy. The results showed that Compound B penetrated all the monolayers studied. The most noticeable effects were found with the negatively charged phosphatidylglycerols and with DPPE leading to the conclusion that the electrostatic interactions between the compound and the lipid head groups and the possible formation of hydrogen bonds between the amino group of the ethanolamine and the keto groups in the structure of Compound B are of great importance. In addition, the penetration ability of the benzoquinone with all phospholipids studied was stable even at higher values of the surface pressure, i.e. thicker monolayers, due to the hydrophobic interaction, which plays also an important role for the antimicrobial activity of Compound B.
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Bertrand B, Munusamy S, Espinosa-Romero JF, Corzo G, Arenas Sosa I, Galván-Hernández A, Ortega-Blake I, Hernández-Adame PL, Ruiz-García J, Velasco-Bolom JL, Garduño-Juárez R, Munoz-Garay C. Biophysical characterization of the insertion of two potent antimicrobial peptides-Pin2 and its variant Pin2[GVG] in biological model membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2020; 1862:183105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2019.183105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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7
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Kumagai PS, Sousa VK, Donato M, Itri R, Beltramini LM, Araujo APU, Buerck J, Wallace BA, Lopes JLS. Unveiling the binding and orientation of the antimicrobial peptide Plantaricin 149 in zwitterionic and negatively charged membranes. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2019; 48:621-633. [PMID: 31324942 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-019-01387-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides are a large group of natural compounds which present promising properties for the pharmaceutical and food industries, such as broad-spectrum activity, potential for use as natural preservatives, and reduced propensity for development of bacterial resistance. Plantaricin 149 (Pln149), isolated from Lactobacillus plantarum NRIC 149, is an intrinsically disordered peptide with the ability to inhibit bacteria from the Listeria and Staphylococcus genera, and which is capable of promoting inhibition and disruption of yeast cells. In this study, the interactions of Pln149 with model membranes composed of zwitterionic and/or anionic phospholipids were investigated using a range of biophysical techniques, including isothermal titration calorimetry, surface tension measurements, synchrotron radiation circular dichroism spectroscopy, oriented circular dichroism spectroscopy, and optical microscopy, to elucidate these peptides' mode of interactions and provide insight into their functional roles. In anionic model membranes, the binding of Pln149 to lipid bilayers is an endothermic process and induces a helical secondary structure in the peptide. The helices bind parallel to the surfaces of lipid bilayers and can promote vesicle disruption, depending on peptide concentration. Although Pln149 has relatively low affinity for zwitterionic liposomes, it is able to adsorb at their lipid interfaces, disturbing the lipid packing, assuming a similar parallel helix structure with a surface-bound orientation, and promoting an increase in the membrane surface area. Such findings can explain the intriguing inhibitory action of Pln149 in yeast cells whose cell membranes have a significant zwitterionic lipid composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia S Kumagai
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13563-120, Brazil
| | - Victor K Sousa
- Departamento Física Aplicada, Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão 1371, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Maressa Donato
- Departamento Física Aplicada, Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão 1371, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Rosangela Itri
- Departamento Física Aplicada, Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão 1371, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Leila M Beltramini
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13563-120, Brazil
| | - Ana P U Araujo
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13563-120, Brazil
| | - Jochen Buerck
- Institute of Biological Interfaces (IBG-2), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), POB 3640, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - B A Wallace
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Birkbeck College, University of London, London, WC1E 7HX, UK
| | - Jose L S Lopes
- Departamento Física Aplicada, Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão 1371, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil.
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8
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Alvares DS, Viegas TG, Ruggiero Neto J. The effect of pH on the lytic activity of a synthetic mastoparan-like peptide in anionic model membranes. Chem Phys Lipids 2018; 216:54-64. [PMID: 30253128 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Peptide sequences containing acidic and basic residues could potentially have their net charges modulated by bulk pH with a possible influence on their lytic activity in lipid vesicles. The present study reports on a biophysical investigation of these modulatory effects on the synthetic mastoparan-like peptide L1A (IDGLKAIWKKVADLLKNT-NH2). At pH 10.0 L1A was 6 times more efficient in lysing large anionic (1-palmitoyl-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC):1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoglycerol (POPG)/(8:2)) unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) than at pH 4.0. Despite the reduction of 60% in the L1A net charge in basic pH its affinity for this vesicle was almost insensitive to pH. On the other hand, L1A insertion into monolayers was dramatically influenced by subphase condition, showing that, in the neutral and basic subphases, the peptide induced surface pressure changes that surpassed the membrane lateral pressure, being able to destabilize a bilayer structure. In addition, in the basic subphase, visualization of the compression isotherms of co-spread 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC):POPG (8:2) + 4.8 mol% L1A showed that the peptide induced significant changes in solid lipid domains, indicating its capability in perturbing lipid-packing. An insight into L1A lytic activity was also obtained in giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) using phase contrast microscopy. The suppression of L1A lytic activity at acidic pH is in keeping with its lower insertion capability and ability to disturb the lipid monolayer. The lytic activity observed under neutral and basic conditions showed a quick and stochastic leakage following a lag-time. The permeability and the leakage-time averaged over at least 14 single GUVs were dependent on the bulk condition. At basic pH, permeability is higher and quicker than in a neutral medium in good accordance with the lipid-packing perturbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayane S Alvares
- UNESP - São Paulo State University, IBILCE, Department of Physics, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Taisa G Viegas
- UNESP - São Paulo State University, IBILCE, Department of Physics, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - João Ruggiero Neto
- UNESP - São Paulo State University, IBILCE, Department of Physics, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.
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9
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Socas LBP, Ambroggio EE. Myristoylation and Oligonucleotide Interaction Modulate Peptide and Protein Surface Properties: The Case of the HIV-1 Matrix Domain. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:6051-6062. [PMID: 29727193 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Myristoylated proteins typically develop a tight association with membranes. One example is the matrix domain (MA) of the HIV-1 Gag protein. In addition, MA is able to bind the Sel25 RNA sequence, a ligand that can act as a competitor for the interaction with the membrane. These properties make HIV-1 MA an attractive molecule to understand how protein and peptide surface properties can be controlled by myristoylation and oligonucleotide interaction. In this line, we analyzed the stability, thermodynamics, and the topography of Langmuir monolayers composed of the myristoylated or unmyristoylated versions of MA in the presence or the absence of a single-strand DNA (ssDNASel25) analogue of the Sel25 RNA sequence. With a similar approach, we compared the MA surface properties with those obtained from monolayers of myristoylated and unmyristoylated MA-derived peptides (first 21 residues of the MA sequence). Our results show that the protein or peptide films are destabilized by the presence of ssDNASel25, inducing solubilization of the monolayer components into the bulk phase. In addition, the oligonucleotide affects the protein-protein or peptide-peptide lateral interactions, provoking interfacial topography changes of the monolayers, visualized by Brewster angle microscopy. Furthermore, we also show how the myristoyl group has major effects on the lateral stability and the elasticity of the monolayers. Altogether, here we propose a general model considering the effect of myristoylation and the interaction with oligonucleotides on the interfacial properties of MA and derived peptides. In this model, we introduce a new role of the core region of MA (sequence of MA after the 21st residue) that confers higher lateral interfacial stability to the protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis B P Socas
- Departamento de Química Biológica-Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas , Universidad Nacional de Córdoba , Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende s/n , Córdoba X5000HUA , Argentina
- CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC) , Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende s/n , Córdoba X5000HUA , Argentina
| | - Ernesto E Ambroggio
- Departamento de Química Biológica-Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas , Universidad Nacional de Córdoba , Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende s/n , Córdoba X5000HUA , Argentina
- CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC) , Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende s/n , Córdoba X5000HUA , Argentina
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Liu H, Wang R, Wei J, Cheng C, Zheng Y, Pan Y, He X, Ding M, Tan H, Fu Q. Conformation-Directed Micelle-to-Vesicle Transition of Cholesterol-Decorated Polypeptide Triggered by Oxidation. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:6604-6610. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b01873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hang Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jing Wei
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yue Pan
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xueling He
- Laboratory Animal
Center of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Mingming Ding
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Hong Tan
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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11
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Langmuir-monolayer methodologies for characterizing protein-lipid interactions. Chem Phys Lipids 2018; 212:61-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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12
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Via MA, Del Pópolo MG, Wilke N. Negative Dipole Potentials and Carboxylic Polar Head Groups Foster the Insertion of Cell-Penetrating Peptides into Lipid Monolayers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:3102-3111. [PMID: 29394073 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b04038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are polycationic sequences of amino acids recognized as some of the most effective vehicles for delivering membrane-impermeable cargos into cells. CPPs can traverse cell membranes by direct translocation, and assessing the role of lipids on the membrane permeation process is important to convene a complete model of the CPP translocation. In this work, we focus on the biophysical basis of peptide-fatty acid interactions, analyzing how the acid-base and electrostatic properties of the lipids determine the CPP adsorption and incorporation into a Langmuir monolayer, focusing thus on the first two stages of the direct translocation mechanism. We sense the binding and insertion of the peptide into the lipid structure by measuring the changes in the surface pressure, the surface potential, and the reflectivity of the interface. We show that, beyond the presence of anionic moieties, negative dipole potentials and carboxylic polar head groups significantly promote the insertion of the peptide into the monolayer. On the basis of our results, we propose the appearance of stable CPP-lipid complexes whose kinetics of formation depends on the length of the lipids' hydrocarbon chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matías A Via
- CONICET & Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza , Argentina
- Instituto de Histologı́a y Embriologı́a de Mendoza (IHEM-CONICET) & Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Argentina
| | - Mario G Del Pópolo
- CONICET & Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza , Argentina
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Lee TH, Sani MA, Overall S, Separovic F, Aguilar MI. Effect of phosphatidylcholine bilayer thickness and molecular order on the binding of the antimicrobial peptide maculatin 1.1. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2018; 1860:300-309. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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14
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Sani MA, Separovic F. Antimicrobial Peptide Structures: From Model Membranes to Live Cells. Chemistry 2017; 24:286-291. [PMID: 29068097 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201704362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The rise in antibiotic resistance has led to a renewed interest in antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) that target membranes. The mode of action of AMPs involves the disruption of the lipid bilayer and leads to growth inhibition and death of the bacteria. However, details at the molecular level of how these peptides kill bacteria and the reasons for the observed differences in selectivity remain unclear. Structural information is crucial for defining the molecular mechanism by which these peptides recognize, self-assemble and interact with a particular lipid membrane. Solid-state NMR is a non-invasive technique that allows the study of the structural details of lipid-peptide and peptide-peptide interactions. Following on from studies of antibiotic and lytic peptides, gramicidin A and melittin, respectively, we investigated maculatin 1.1, an AMP from the skin of Australian tree frogs that acts against Gram-positive bacteria. By using perdeuterated phospholipids and specifically labelled peptides, 2 H, 31 P and {31 P}15 N REDOR solid-state NMR experiments have been used to localize, maculatin 1.1 in neutral and anionic model membranes. However, the structure, location and activity depend on the composition of the model membrane and current advances in solid-state NMR spectroscopy now allow structure determination of AMPs in live bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc-Antoine Sani
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Frances Separovic
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
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15
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Ortiz A, Girona V, Prat J, Muñoz-Juncosa MM, Alsina MA, Pujol M. Interaction of the GBV-C E2-derived peptide, P6-2VIR576, with anionic phospholipid membranes. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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16
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Alvares DS, Viegas TG, Ruggiero Neto J. Lipid-packing perturbation of model membranes by pH-responsive antimicrobial peptides. Biophys Rev 2017; 9:669-682. [PMID: 28853007 PMCID: PMC5662038 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-017-0296-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The indiscriminate use of conventional antibiotics is leading to an increase in the number of resistant bacterial strains, motivating the search for new compounds to overcome this challenging problem. Antimicrobial peptides, acting only in the lipid phase of membranes without requiring specific membrane receptors as do conventional antibiotics, have shown great potential as possible substituents of these drugs. These peptides are in general rich in basic and hydrophobic residues forming an amphipathic structure when in contact with membranes. The outer leaflet of the prokaryotic cell membrane is rich in anionic lipids, while the surface of the eukaryotic cell is zwitterionic. Due to their positive net charge, many of these peptides are selective to the prokaryotic membrane. Notwithstanding this preference for anionic membranes, some of them can also act on neutral ones, hampering their therapeutic use. In addition to the electrostatic interaction driving peptide adsorption by the membrane, the ability of the peptide to perturb lipid packing is of paramount importance in their capacity to induce cell lysis, which is strongly dependent on electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions. In the present research, we revised the adsorption of antimicrobial peptides by model membranes as well as the perturbation that they induce in lipid packing. In particular, we focused on some peptides that have simultaneously acidic and basic residues. The net charges of these peptides are modulated by pH changes and the lipid composition of model membranes. We discuss the experimental approaches used to explore these aspects of lipid membranes using lipid vesicles and lipid monolayer as model membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayane S Alvares
- Department of Physics, UNESP - São Paulo State University, IBILCE, R. Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, São José do Rio Preto, SP, CEP 15054-000, Brazil
| | - Taisa Giordano Viegas
- Department of Physics, UNESP - São Paulo State University, IBILCE, R. Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, São José do Rio Preto, SP, CEP 15054-000, Brazil
| | - João Ruggiero Neto
- Department of Physics, UNESP - São Paulo State University, IBILCE, R. Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, São José do Rio Preto, SP, CEP 15054-000, Brazil.
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Sani MA, Carne S, Overall SA, Poulhazan A, Separovic F. One pathogen two stones: are Australian tree frog antimicrobial peptides synergistic against human pathogens? EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2017; 46:639-646. [PMID: 28478484 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-017-1215-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) may act by targeting the lipid membranes and disrupting the bilayer structure. In this study, three AMPs from the skin of Australian tree frogs, aurein 1.2, maculatin 1.1 and caerin 1.1, were investigated against Gram-negative Escherichia coli, Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, and vesicles that mimic their lipid compositions. Furthermore, equimolar mixtures of the peptides were tested to identify any synergistic interactions in antimicrobial activity. Minimum inhibition concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration assays showed significant activity against S. aureus but not against E. coli. Aurein was the least active while maculatin was the most active peptide and some synergistic effects were observed against S. aureus. Circular dichroism experiments showed that, in the presence of phospholipid vesicles, the peptides transitioned from an unstructured to a predominantly helical conformation (>50%), with greater helicity for POPG/TOCL compared to POPE/POPG vesicles. The helical content, however, was less in the presence of live E. coli and S. aureus, 25 and 5%, respectively. Equimolar concentrations of the peptides did not appear to form greater supramolecular structures. Dye release assays showed that aurein required greater concentration than caerin and maculatin to disrupt the lipid bilayers, and mixtures of the peptides did not cooperate to enhance their lytic activity. Overall, aurein, maculatin, and caerin showed moderate synergy in antimicrobial activity against S. aureus without becoming more structured or enhancement of their membrane-disrupting activity in phospholipid vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc-Antoine Sani
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.
| | - Siobhan Carne
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Sarah A Overall
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Alexandre Poulhazan
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI), 4 Place Jussieu, 75252, Paris Cedex 5, France
| | - Frances Separovic
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.
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18
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Chen L, Zhang Q, Yuan X, Cao Y, Yuan Y, Yin H, Ding X, Zhu Z, Luo SZ. How charge distribution influences the function of membrane-active peptides: Lytic or cell-penetrating? Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 83:71-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2016] [Revised: 12/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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19
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The interfacial properties of the peptide Polybia-MP1 and its interaction with DPPC are modulated by lateral electrostatic attractions. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2016; 1858:393-402. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2015.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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20
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Strategies for Exploring Electrostatic and Nonelectrostatic Contributions to the Interaction of Helical Antimicrobial Peptides with Model Membranes. ADVANCES IN BIOMEMBRANES AND LIPID SELF-ASSEMBLY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.abl.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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21
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Membrane Affinity of Platensimycin and Its Dialkylamine Analogs. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:17909-32. [PMID: 26247942 PMCID: PMC4581228 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160817909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane permeability is a desired property in drug design, but there have been difficulties in quantifying the direct drug partitioning into native membranes. Platensimycin (PL) is a new promising antibiotic whose biosynthetic production is costly. Six dialkylamine analogs of PL were synthesized with identical pharmacophores but different side chains; five of them were found inactive. To address the possibility that their activity is limited by the permeation step, we calculated polarity, measured surface activity and the ability to insert into the phospholipid monolayers. The partitioning of PL and the analogs into the cytoplasmic membrane of E. coli was assessed by activation curve shifts of a re-engineered mechanosensitive channel, MscS, in patch-clamp experiments. Despite predicted differences in polarity, the affinities to lipid monolayers and native membranes were comparable for most of the analogs. For PL and the di-myrtenyl analog QD-11, both carrying bulky sidechains, the affinity for the native membrane was lower than for monolayers (half-membranes), signifying that intercalation must overcome the lateral pressure of the bilayer. We conclude that the biological activity among the studied PL analogs is unlikely to be limited by their membrane permeability. We also discuss the capacity of endogenous tension-activated channels to detect asymmetric partitioning of exogenous substances into the native bacterial membrane and the different contributions to the thermodynamic force which drives permeation.
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Kumar P, Shenoi RA, Lai BFL, Nguyen M, Kizhakkedathu JN, Straus SK. Conjugation of Aurein 2.2 to HPG Yields an Antimicrobial with Better Properties. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:913-23. [DOI: 10.1021/bm5018244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Kumar
- Department
of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Rajesh A. Shenoi
- Centre
for Blood Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Life Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Benjamin F. L. Lai
- Centre
for Blood Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Life Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Michael Nguyen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Jayachandran N. Kizhakkedathu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Centre
for Blood Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Life Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Suzana K. Straus
- Department
of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
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23
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Galatola R, Cruz A, Gómara MJ, Prat J, Alsina MA, Haro I, Pujol M. Surface behavior of peptides from E1 GBV-C protein: Interaction with anionic model membranes and importance in HIV-1 FP inhibition. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2014; 1848:392-407. [PMID: 25450346 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2014.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The interaction between a peptide sequence from GB virus C E1 protein (E1P8) and its structural analogs (E1P8-12), (E1P8-13), and (E1P8-21) with anionic lipid membranes (POPG vesicles and POPG, DPPG or DPPC/DPPG (2:1) monolayers) and their association with HIV-1 fusion peptide (HIV-1 FP) inhibition at the membrane level were studied using biophysical methods. All peptides showed surface activity but leakage experiments in vesicles as well as insertion kinetics in monolayers and lipid/peptide miscibility indicated a low level of interaction: neither E1P8 nor its analogs induced the release of vesicular content and the exclusion pressure values (πe) were clearly lower than the biological membrane pressure (24-30 mN m(-1)) and the HIV-1 FP (35 mN m(-1)). Miscibility was elucidated in terms of the additivity rule and excess free energy of mixing (GE). E1P8, E1P8-12 and E1P8-21 (but not E1P8-13) induced expansion of the POPG monolayer. The mixing process is not thermodynamically favored as the positive GE values indicate. To determine how E1 peptides interfere in the action of HIV-1 FP at the membrane level, mixed monolayers of HIV-1 FP/E1 peptides (2:1) and POPG were obtained. E1P8 and its derivative E1P8-21 showed the greatest HIV-1 FP inhibition. The LC-LE phase lipid behavior was morphologically examined via fluorescence microscopy (FM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Images revealed that the E1 peptides modify HIV-1 FP-lipid interaction. This fact may be attributed to a peptide/peptide interaction as indicated by AFM results. Finally, hemolysis assay demonstrated that E1 peptides inhibit HIV-1 FP activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Galatola
- Unit of Synthesis and Biomedical Application of Peptides, Department of Biomedical Chemistry, IQAC-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Cruz
- Dept. de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular I, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M J Gómara
- Unit of Synthesis and Biomedical Application of Peptides, Department of Biomedical Chemistry, IQAC-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Prat
- Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, CSIC-Associated Unit: Peptides and Proteins: Physicochemical Studies, IN2UB Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Unit of Synthesis and Biomedical Application of Peptides, Department of Biomedical Chemistry, IQAC-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M A Alsina
- Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, CSIC-Associated Unit: Peptides and Proteins: Physicochemical Studies, IN2UB Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - I Haro
- Unit of Synthesis and Biomedical Application of Peptides, Department of Biomedical Chemistry, IQAC-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Pujol
- Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, CSIC-Associated Unit: Peptides and Proteins: Physicochemical Studies, IN2UB Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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Domènech O, Ortiz A, Pujol M, Haro I, Muñoz M, Alsina M, Prat J, Busquets M, Girona V. Modification of FP-HIV activity by peptide sequences of GB virus C: A biophysical approach. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2014; 1838:1274-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2014.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Revised: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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25
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Lhor M, Bernier SC, Horchani H, Bussières S, Cantin L, Desbat B, Salesse C. Comparison between the behavior of different hydrophobic peptides allowing membrane anchoring of proteins. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2014; 207:223-39. [PMID: 24560216 PMCID: PMC4028306 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2014.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Revised: 01/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Membrane binding of proteins such as short chain dehydrogenase reductases or tail-anchored proteins relies on their N- and/or C-terminal hydrophobic transmembrane segment. In this review, we propose guidelines to characterize such hydrophobic peptide segments using spectroscopic and biophysical measurements. The secondary structure content of the C-terminal peptides of retinol dehydrogenase 8, RGS9-1 anchor protein, lecithin retinol acyl transferase, and of the N-terminal peptide of retinol dehydrogenase 11 has been deduced by prediction tools from their primary sequence as well as by using infrared or circular dichroism analyses. Depending on the solvent and the solubilization method, significant structural differences were observed, often involving α-helices. The helical structure of these peptides was found to be consistent with their presumed membrane binding. Langmuir monolayers have been used as membrane models to study lipid-peptide interactions. The values of maximum insertion pressure obtained for all peptides using a monolayer of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-ethanolamine (DOPE) are larger than the estimated lateral pressure of membranes, thus suggesting that they bind membranes. Polarization modulation infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy has been used to determine the structure and orientation of these peptides in the absence and in the presence of a DOPE monolayer. This lipid induced an increase or a decrease in the organization of the peptide secondary structure. Further measurements are necessary using other lipids to better understand the membrane interactions of these peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustapha Lhor
- CUO-Recherche, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Département d'ophtalmologie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada; Regroupement stratégique PROTEO, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Sarah C Bernier
- CUO-Recherche, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Département d'ophtalmologie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada; Regroupement stratégique PROTEO, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Habib Horchani
- CUO-Recherche, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Département d'ophtalmologie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada; Regroupement stratégique PROTEO, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Sylvain Bussières
- CUO-Recherche, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Département d'ophtalmologie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada; Regroupement stratégique PROTEO, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Line Cantin
- CUO-Recherche, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Département d'ophtalmologie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada; Regroupement stratégique PROTEO, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Bernard Desbat
- CBMN-UMR 5248 CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, IPB, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Christian Salesse
- CUO-Recherche, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Département d'ophtalmologie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada; Regroupement stratégique PROTEO, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada.
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Comparison of reversible membrane destabilisation induced by antimicrobial peptides derived from Australian frogs. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2014; 1838:2205-15. [PMID: 24593995 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2014.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Revised: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The membrane destabilising properties of the antimicrobial peptides (AMP) aurein 1.2, citropin 1.1, maculatin 1.1 and caerin 1.1, have been studied by dual polarisation interferometry (DPI). The overall process of peptide induced membrane destabilisation was examined by the changes in bilayer order as a function of membrane-bound peptide mass per unit area and revealed three different modes of action. Aurein 1.2 was the only peptide that significantly destabilised the neutral membrane (DMPC), while all four peptides induced destabilisation of the negatively charged membrane (DMPC/DMPG). On DMPC, citropin 1.1, maculatin 1.1 and caerin 1.1 bound irreversibly at low concentrations but caused a reversible drop in the bilayer order. In contrast to DMPC/DMPG, these three peptides caused a mass drop at the higher concentrations, which may correspond to insertion and bilayer expansion. The critical level of bound peptide necessary to induce membrane destabilisation (peptide:lipid ratio) was determined and correlated with peptide structure. As the most lytic peptide, aurein 1.2 adsorbed strongly prior to dissolution of the bilayer. In contrast, the binding of citropin 1.1, maculatin 1.1 and caerin 1.1 needed to reach a critical level prior to insertion into the membrane and incremental expansion and disruption. Our results demonstrate that sequential events can be monitored in real-time under fluidic conditions to elucidate the complex molecular mechanism of AMP action. In particular, the analysis of birefringence in real time allows the description of a detailed mechanistic model of the impact of peptides on the membrane bilayer order. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Interfacially Active Peptides and Proteins. Guest Editors: William C. Wimley and Kalina Hristova.
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Langmuir–Blodgett Approach to Investigate Antimicrobial Peptide–Membrane Interactions. ADVANCES IN PLANAR LIPID BILAYERS AND LIPOSOMES 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-418698-9.00003-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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28
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Penetration of milk-derived antimicrobial peptides into phospholipid monolayers as model biomembranes. Biochem Res Int 2013; 2013:914540. [PMID: 24455264 PMCID: PMC3877611 DOI: 10.1155/2013/914540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Revised: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Three antimicrobial peptides derived from bovine milk proteins were examined with regard to penetration into insoluble monolayers formed with 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) or 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-rac-(1-glycerol) sodium salt (DPPG). Effects on surface pressure (Π) and electric surface potential (ΔV) were measured, Π with a platinum Wilhelmy plate and ΔV with a vibrating plate. The penetration measurements were performed under stationary diffusion conditions and upon the compression of the monolayers. The two type measurements showed greatly different effects of the peptide-lipid interactions. Results of the stationary penetration show that the peptide interactions with DPPC monolayer are weak, repulsive, and nonspecific while the interactions with DPPG monolayer are significant, attractive, and specific. These results are in accord with the fact that antimicrobial peptides disrupt bacteria membranes (negative) while no significant effect on the host membranes (neutral) is observed. No such discrimination was revealed from the compression isotherms. The latter indicate that squeezing the penetrant out of the monolayer upon compression does not allow for establishing the penetration equilibrium, so the monolayer remains supersaturated with the penetrant and shows an under-equilibrium orientation within the entire compression range, practically.
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Alhakamy NA, Kaviratna A, Berkland CJ, Dhar P. Dynamic measurements of membrane insertion potential of synthetic cell penetrating peptides. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:15336-49. [PMID: 24294979 PMCID: PMC3918496 DOI: 10.1021/la403370p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) have been established as excellent candidates for mediating drug delivery into cells. When designing synthetic CPPs for drug delivery applications, it is important to understand their ability to penetrate the cell membrane. In this paper, anionic or zwitterionic phospholipid monolayers at the air-water interface are used as model cell membranes to monitor the membrane insertion potential of synthetic CPPs. The insertion potential of CPPs having different cationic and hydrophobic amino acids were recorded using a Langmuir monolayer approach that records peptide adsorption to model membranes. Fluorescence microscopy was used to visualize alterations in phospholipid packing due to peptide insertion. All CPPs had the highest penetration potential in the presence of anionic phospholipids. In addition, two of three amphiphilic CPPs inserted into zwitterionic phospholipids, but none of the hydrophilic CPPs did. All the CPPs studied induced disruptions in phospholipid packing and domain morphology, which were most pronounced for amphiphilic CPPs. Overall, small changes to amino acids and peptide sequences resulted in dramatically different insertion potentials and membrane reorganization. Designers of synthetic CPPs for efficient intracellular drug delivery should consider small nuances in CPP electrostatic and hydrophobic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil A. Alhakamy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA 66047
| | - Anubhav Kaviratna
- Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA 66047
| | - Cory J. Berkland
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA 66047
- Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA 66047
| | - Prajnaparamita Dhar
- Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA 66047
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Caillon L, Killian JA, Lequin O, Khemtémourian L. Biophysical investigation of the membrane-disrupting mechanism of the antimicrobial and amyloid-like peptide dermaseptin S9. PLoS One 2013; 8:e75528. [PMID: 24146759 PMCID: PMC3795727 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dermaseptin S9 (Drs S9) is an atypical cationic antimicrobial peptide with a long hydrophobic core and with a propensity to form amyloid-like fibrils. Here we investigated its membrane interaction using a variety of biophysical techniques. Rather surprisingly, we found that Drs S9 induces efficient permeabilisation in zwitterionic phosphatidylcholine (PC) vesicles, but not in anionic phosphatidylglycerol (PG) vesicles. We also found that the peptide inserts more efficiently in PC than in PG monolayers. Therefore, electrostatic interactions between the cationic Drs S9 and anionic membranes cannot explain the selectivity of the peptide towards bacterial membranes. CD spectroscopy, electron microscopy and ThT fluorescence experiments showed that the peptide adopts slightly more β-sheet and has a higher tendency to form amyloid-like fibrils in the presence of PC membranes as compared to PG membranes. Thus, induction of leakage may be related to peptide aggregation. The use of a pre-incorporation protocol to reduce peptide/peptide interactions characteristic of aggregates in solution resulted in more α-helix formation and a more pronounced effect on the cooperativity of the gel-fluid lipid phase transition in all lipid systems tested. Calorimetric data together with 2H- and 31P-NMR experiments indicated that the peptide has a significant impact on the dynamic organization of lipid bilayers, albeit slightly less for zwitterionic than for anionic membranes. Taken together, our data suggest that in particular in membranes of zwitterionic lipids the peptide binds in an aggregated state resulting in membrane leakage. We propose that also the antimicrobial activity of Drs S9 may be a result of binding of the peptide in an aggregated state, but that specific binding and aggregation to bacterial membranes is regulated not by anionic lipids but by as yet unknown factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Caillon
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7203 CNRS-UPMC-ENS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules, Paris, France
| | - J. Antoinette Killian
- Research Group Membrane Biochemistry & Biophysics, Bijvoet Center and Institute of Biomembranes, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Olivier Lequin
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7203 CNRS-UPMC-ENS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules, Paris, France
- * E-mail: (LK); (OL)
| | - Lucie Khemtémourian
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7203 CNRS-UPMC-ENS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules, Paris, France
- * E-mail: (LK); (OL)
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Issé BA, Yunes Quartino P, Fidelio GD, Farías RN. Thyroid hormones-membrane interaction: Reversible association of hormones with organized phospholipids with changes in fluidity and dipole potential. Chem Phys Lipids 2013; 175-176:131-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2013.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2012] [Revised: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Alay M, Haro I, Alsina MA, Girona V, Prat J, Busquets MA. Interaction of two overlapped synthetic peptides from GB virus C with charged mono and bilayers. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 105:7-13. [PMID: 23352943 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2012] [Revised: 11/09/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The physical chemistry properties and interactions of E2 (125-139) and E2 (120-139) peptide sequences from GB virus C with model cell membranes were investigated by means of several biophysical techniques in order to gain better understanding of the effect of peptide length and lipid charge on membrane binding. The peptides, having one net negative charge at the pH of the assays, interacted with monolayers of all the phospholipids regardless of the charge but with more extent with the cationic DPTAP thus indicating that the interaction had both a hydrophobic and an electrostatic component as has been observed for other peptides of the same family. The peptides were able to leakage contents of liposomes and showed fluorescence energy transfer in vesicles depending on the vesicles lipid composition. On another hand, circular dichroism has shown that the peptides exist mainly as a mixture of disordered structure and β-type conformations in aqueous solution but diminished its unstructured content, folding preferentially into α-helical conformation upon interaction with hydrophobic solvents or positively charged lipid surfaces. Altogether, results of this work indicate that the peptides interact at a surface level, penetrate into bilayers composed of fluid lipids and that conformational changes could be responsible for this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alay
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Associated Unit to the CSIC, IN2UB, Faculty of Pharmacy, Barcelona, Spain
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Fernandez D, Lee TH, Sani MA, Aguilar MI, Separovic F. Proline facilitates membrane insertion of the antimicrobial peptide maculatin 1.1 via surface indentation and subsequent lipid disordering. Biophys J 2013; 104:1495-507. [PMID: 23561526 PMCID: PMC3617439 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2013.01.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2012] [Revised: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of proline in the disruption of membrane bilayer structure upon antimicrobial peptide (AMP) binding was studied. Specifically, (31)P and (2)H solid-state NMR and dual polarization interferometry (DPI) were used to analyze the membrane interactions of three AMPs: maculatin 1.1 and two analogs in which Pro-15 is replaced by Gly and Ala. For NMR, deuterated dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (d54-DMPC) and d54-DMPC/dimyristoylphosphatidylglycerol (DMPG) were used to mimic eukaryotic and prokaryotic membranes, respectively. In fluid-phase DMPC bilayer systems, the peptides interacted primarily with the bilayer surface, with the native peptide having the strongest interaction. In the mixed DMPC/DMPG bilayers, maculatin 1.1 induced DMPG phase separation, whereas the analogs promoted the formation of isotropic and lipid-enriched phases with an enhanced effect relative to the neutral DMPC bilayers. In gel-phase DMPC vesicles, the native peptide disrupted the bilayer via a surface mechanism, and the effect of the analogs was similar to that observed in the fluid phase. Real-time changes in bilayer order were examined via DPI, with changes in bilayer birefringence analyzed as a function of the peptide mass bound to the bilayer. Although all three peptides decreased the bilayer order as a function of bound concentration, maculatin 1.1 caused the largest change in bilayer structure. The NMR data indicate that maculatin 1.1 binds predominantly at the surface regions of the bilayer, and both NMR and DPI results indicate that this binding leads to a drop in bilayer order. Overall, the results demonstrate that the proline at residue 15 plays a central role in the membrane interaction of maculatin 1.1 by inducing a significant change in membrane order and affecting the ability of the bilayer to recover from structural changes induced by the binding and insertion of the peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- David I. Fernandez
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tzong-Hsien Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marc-Antoine Sani
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marie-Isabel Aguilar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Frances Separovic
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Ambroggio EE, Fidelio GD. Lipid-like behavior of signal sequence peptides at air–water interface. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2013; 1828:708-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2012.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Revised: 10/18/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Salay LC, Ferreira M, Oliveira ON, Nakaie CR, Schreier S. Headgroup specificity for the interaction of the antimicrobial peptide tritrpticin with phospholipid Langmuir monolayers. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2012; 100:95-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2011] [Revised: 04/23/2012] [Accepted: 05/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Bowie JH, Separovic F, Tyler MJ. Host-defense peptides of Australian anurans. Part 2. Structure, activity, mechanism of action, and evolutionary significance. Peptides 2012; 37:174-88. [PMID: 22771617 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2012.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2012] [Revised: 06/26/2012] [Accepted: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A previous review summarized research prior to 2004 carried out on the bioactive host-defense peptides contained in the skin secretions of Australian anurans (frogs and toads). This review covers the extension of that research from 2004 to 2012, and includes membrane-active peptides (including antibacterial, anticancer, antifungal and antiviral peptides) together with the mechanisms by which these peptides interact with model membranes, peptides that may be classified as "neuropeptides" (including smooth muscle active peptides, opioids and immunomodulators) and peptides which inhibit the formation of nitric oxide from neuronal nitric oxide synthase. The review discusses the outcome of cDNA sequencing of signal-spacer-active peptides from an evolutionary viewpoint, and also lists those peptides for which activities have not been found to this time.
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Affiliation(s)
- John H Bowie
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Physics, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia.
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37
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Eudragit E100 surface activity and lipid interactions. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2012; 91:84-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2011.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2011] [Revised: 10/20/2011] [Accepted: 10/21/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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38
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Sánchez-Martín MJ, Busquets MA, Girona V, Haro I, Alsina MA, Pujol M. Effect of E1(64–81) hepatitis G peptide on the in vitro interaction of HIV-1 fusion peptide with membrane models. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2011; 1808:2178-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2011.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2011] [Revised: 05/07/2011] [Accepted: 05/27/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Investigating the effect of a single glycine to alanine substitution on interactions of antimicrobial peptide latarcin 2a with a lipid membrane. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2011; 40:1087-100. [DOI: 10.1007/s00249-011-0726-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2011] [Revised: 06/03/2011] [Accepted: 06/12/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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40
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Interaction of the cationic peptide bactenecin with mixed phospholipid monolayers at the air-water interface. J Colloid Interface Sci 2011; 359:279-88. [PMID: 21501845 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.03.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2010] [Revised: 03/26/2011] [Accepted: 03/29/2011] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The initial mechanism by which antimicrobial peptides target microbes occurs via electrostatic interactions; however, the mechanism is not well understood. We investigate the interaction of the antimicrobial peptide bactenecin with a 50:50 w:w% 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) and 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-rac-glycerol) (DMPG) phospholipid mixture at the air-water interface with different NaCl concentrations (0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 M) in the subphase. A larger shift of DPPC:DMPG isotherms was obtained for 0.1 M salt concentration at lower and higher pressures, demonstrating the influence of the negative charge of DMPG molecules and the screening of the electrostatic interaction by the salt concentration. Raman spectroscopy of monolayers demonstrated the presence of cysteine-cysteine bridges in bactenecin loops. The peptide adsorption in DPPC:DMPG monolayers observed by AFM images suggests a self-assembled aggregation process, starting with filament-like networks. Domains similar to carpets were formed and pore structures were obtained after a critical peptide concentration, according to the carpet model.
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Won A, Pripotnev S, Ruscito A, Ianoul A. Effect of Point Mutations on the Secondary Structure and Membrane Interaction of Antimicrobial Peptide Anoplin. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:2371-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp108343g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amy Won
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Stahs Pripotnev
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Annamaria Ruscito
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Anatoli Ianoul
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
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42
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Dennison SR, Phoenix DA. Influence of C-terminal amidation on the efficacy of modelin-5. Biochemistry 2011; 50:1514-23. [PMID: 21241054 DOI: 10.1021/bi101687t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
To gain insight into the effects of amidation on the mechanism of membrane interaction, we studied two peptides modelin-5-COOH and modelin-5-CONH(2) and found they exhibit high surface activities (23.2 and 27.1 mN/m, respectively). When they were tested against Escherichia coli, amidation was seen to increase efficacy approximately 10-fold. Our results demonstrated that both peptides adopted low levels of α-helix in solution (<20%); however, in the presence of E. coli lipid extract, modelin-5-CONH(2) had a greater propensity (69%) than modelin-5-COOH (32%) to generate α-helical structure. The binding coefficient for both peptides was ∼10 μM, and the Hill coefficient approximated 1, suggesting that for both peptides the interactions with E. coli membranes were monomeric and comparable in strength. The peptides showed a clear preference for anionic lipid, with monolayer data showing that enhanced levels of helicity were associated with a greater pressure change (∼6 mN/m). Use of fluorescein-phosphatidylethanolamine showed the amidated version was able to generate greater levels of membrane disruption, which was confirmed by thermodynamic analysis. The data would imply that both peptides are able to initially bind to bilayer structures, but upon binding, the amidation stabilizes helix formation. This would be expected to help overcome a key rate-limiting step and generate higher local concentrations of peptide at the bilayer interface, which in turn would be predicted to increase efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah R Dennison
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, U.K
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43
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Importance of residue 13 and the C-terminus for the structure and activity of the antimicrobial peptide aurein 2.2. Biophys J 2011; 99:2926-35. [PMID: 21044590 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2010.08.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2010] [Revised: 08/24/2010] [Accepted: 08/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies on aurein 2.2 and 2.3 in DMPC/DMPG and POPC/POPG membranes have shown that bilayer thickness and phosphatidylglycerol content have a significant impact on the interaction of these peptides with membrane bilayers. Further examination with the DiSC(3)5 assay has indicated that aurein 2.2 induces greater membrane leakage than aurein 2.3 in Staphylococcus aureus C622. The only difference between these peptides is a Leu to Ile mutation at residue 13. To better understand the importance of this residue, the structure and activity of the L13A, L13F, and L13V mutants were investigated. In addition, we investigated a number of peptides with truncations at the C-terminus to determine whether the C-terminus, which contains residue 13, is crucial for antimicrobial activity. Solution circular dichroism results demonstrated that the L13F mutation and the truncation of the C-terminus by six residues resulted in decreased helical content, whereas the L13A or L13V mutation and the truncation of the C-terminus by three residues showed little to no effect on the structure. Oriented circular dichroism results demonstrated that only an extensive C-terminal truncation reduced the ability of the peptide to insert into lipid bilayers. (31)P NMR spectroscopy showed that all peptides disorder the headgroups. The implications of these results in terms of antimicrobial activity and the ability of these peptides to induce leakage in S. aureus are discussed. The results suggest that the presence of the 13th residue in aurein 2.2 is important for structure and activity, but the exact nature of residue 13 is less important as long as it is a hydrophobic residue.
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44
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Wydro P. The interactions between cholesterol and phospholipids located in the inner leaflet of humane erythrocytes membrane (DPPE and DPPS) in binary and ternary films—The effect of sodium and calcium ions. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2011; 82:209-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2010.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2010] [Revised: 08/25/2010] [Accepted: 08/26/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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45
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Gofman Y, Linser S, Rzeszutek A, Shental-Bechor D, Funari SS, Ben-Tal N, Willumeit R. Interaction of an antimicrobial peptide with membranes: experiments and simulations with NKCS. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:4230-7. [PMID: 20201501 DOI: 10.1021/jp909154y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We used Monte Carlo simulations and biophysical measurements to study the interaction of NKCS, a derivative of the antimicrobial peptide NK-2, with a 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (POPE) membrane. The simulations showed that NKCS adsorbed on the membrane surface and the dominant conformation featured two amphipathic helices connected by a hinge region. We designed two mutants in the hinge to investigate the interplay between helicity and membrane affinity. Simulations with a Leu-to-Pro substitution showed that the helicity and membrane affinity of the mutant (NKCS-[LP]) decreased. Two Ala residues were added to NKCS to produce a sequence that is compatible with a continuous amphipathic helix structure (NKCS-[AA]), and the simulations showed that the mutant adsorbed on the membrane surface with a particularly high affinity. The circular dichroism spectra of the three peptides also showed that NKCS-[LP] is the least helical and NKCS-[AA] is the most. However, the activity of the peptides, determined in terms of their antimicrobial potency and influence on the temperature of the transition of the lipid to hexagonal phase, displayed a complex behavior: NKCS-[LP] was the least potent and had the smallest influence on the transition temperature, and NKCS was the most potent and had the largest effect on the temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana Gofman
- GKSS Research Center, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
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46
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Brewer J, de la Serna JB, Wagner K, Bagatolli LA. Multiphoton excitation fluorescence microscopy in planar membrane systems. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2010; 1798:1301-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2010.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2009] [Revised: 02/18/2010] [Accepted: 02/18/2010] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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47
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Sánchez-Martín MJ, Haro I, Alsina MA, Busquets MA, Pujol M. A Langmuir Monolayer Study of the Interaction of E1(145−162) Hepatitis G Virus Peptide with Phospholipid Membranes. J Phys Chem B 2009; 114:448-56. [DOI: 10.1021/jp906900k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Jesús Sánchez-Martín
- Physical Chemistry Department and Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain, and Unit of Synthesis and Biomedical Application of Peptides, Department of Biomedical Chemistry, IQAC-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Haro
- Physical Chemistry Department and Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain, and Unit of Synthesis and Biomedical Application of Peptides, Department of Biomedical Chemistry, IQAC-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Asunción Alsina
- Physical Chemistry Department and Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain, and Unit of Synthesis and Biomedical Application of Peptides, Department of Biomedical Chemistry, IQAC-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Antonia Busquets
- Physical Chemistry Department and Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain, and Unit of Synthesis and Biomedical Application of Peptides, Department of Biomedical Chemistry, IQAC-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Pujol
- Physical Chemistry Department and Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain, and Unit of Synthesis and Biomedical Application of Peptides, Department of Biomedical Chemistry, IQAC-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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48
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Neville F, Ivankin A, Konovalov O, Gidalevitz D. A comparative study on the interactions of SMAP-29 with lipid monolayers. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2009; 1798:851-60. [PMID: 19800862 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2009.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2009] [Revised: 09/08/2009] [Accepted: 09/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This work investigates the discrimination of lipid monolayers by the ovine antimicrobial peptide SMAP-29 and compares it to that of the human LL-37 peptide. Fluid phospholipid monolayers were formed in a Langmuir trough and subsequently studied with the X-ray scattering techniques of X-ray reflectivity and grazing incidence X-ray diffraction. Any changes in the phospholipid structure after injection of peptide under the monolayer were considered to be due to interactions between the peptides and lipids. The data show that SMAP-29 discriminates against negatively charged phospholipids in a similar way to LL-37. However, it is even more interesting to note that despite a higher concentration of SMAP-29 near the monolayer, ensured by its greater charge as compared to LL-37, the amount of SMAP-29 needed to observe monolayer disruption was around three and a half times the number of molecules of LL-37 used to see similar changes with the same system. This result suggests that the structure, amino acid sequence or size of the peptide may well be as important as electrical charge and therefore gives many implications for the further study of antimicrobial peptides with regards to novel drug design and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances Neville
- School of Process, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS29JT, UK
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49
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Biophysical studies of the interactions between the phage varphiKZ gp144 lytic transglycosylase and model membranes. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2009; 39:263-76. [PMID: 19669132 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-009-0530-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2009] [Revised: 07/14/2009] [Accepted: 07/22/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The use of naturally occurring lytic bacteriophage proteins as specific antibacterial agents is a promising way to treat bacterial infections caused by antibiotic-resistant pathogens. The opportunity to develop bacterial resistance to these agents is minimized by their broad mechanism of action on bacterial membranes and peptidoglycan integrity. In the present study, we have investigated lipid interactions of the gp144 lytic transglycosylase from the Pseudomonas aeruginosa phage varphiKZ. Interactions with zwitterionic lipids characteristic of eukaryotic cells and with anionic lipids characteristic of bacterial cells were studied using fluorescence, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier transform infrared, circular dichroism, Langmuir monolayers, and Brewster angle microscopy (BAM). Gp144 interacted preferentially with anionic lipids, and the presence of gp144 in anionic model systems induced membrane disruption and lysis. Lipid domain formation in anionic membranes was observed by BAM. Gp144 did not induce disruption of zwitterionic membranes but caused an increase in rigidity of the lipid polar head group. However, gp144 interacted with zwitterionic and anionic lipids in a model membrane system containing both lipids. Finally, the gp144 secondary structure was not significantly modified upon lipid binding.
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50
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Miller CA, Abbott NL, de Pablo JJ. Surface activity of amphiphilic helical beta-peptides from molecular dynamics simulation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:2811-2823. [PMID: 19437698 DOI: 10.1021/la802973e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The surface activity of beta-peptides is investigated using molecular simulations. The type and display of hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups on helical beta-peptides is varied systematically. Peptides with 2/3 hydrophobic groups are found to be surface active, and to adopt an orientation parallel to the air-water interface. For select beta-peptides, we also determine the potential of mean force required to bring a peptide to the air-water interface. Facially amphiphilic helices with 2/3 hydrophobic groups are found to exhibit the lowest free energy of adsorption. The adsorption process is driven by a favorable energetic term and opposed by negative entropic changes. The temperature dependence of adsorption is also investigated; facially amphiphilic helices are found to adopt orientations that are largely independent of temperature, while nonfacially amphiphilic helices sample a broader range of interfacial orientations at elevated temperatures. The thermodynamics of adsorption of beta-peptides is compared to that of 1-octanol, a well-known surfactant, and ovispirin, a naturally occurring antimicrobial peptide. It is found that the essential difference lies in the sign of the entropy of adsorption, which is negative for beta- and alpha-peptides and positive for traditional surfactants such as octanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clark A Miller
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1691, USA
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