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Vasileva VY, Khairullina ZM, Sudarikova AV, Chubinskiy-Nadezhdin VI. Role of Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels in Proliferation, Migration and Invasion of Human Chronic Myeloid Leukemia K562 Cells. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:583. [PMID: 37367787 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13060583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Calcium-activated potassium channels (KCa) are important participants in calcium signaling pathways due to their ability to be activated by an increase in intracellular free calcium concentration. KCa channels are involved in the regulation of cellular processes in both normal and pathophysiological conditions, including oncotransformation. Previously, using patch-clamp, we registered the KCa currents in the plasma membrane of human chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells, whose activity was controlled by local Ca2+ entry via mechanosensitive calcium-permeable channels. Here, we performed the molecular and functional identification of KCa channels and have uncovered their role in the proliferation, migration and invasion of K562 cells. Using a combined approach, we identified the functional activity of SK2, SK3 and IK channels in the plasma membrane of the cells. Selective SK and IK channel inhibitors, apamin and TRAM-34, respectively, reduced the proliferative, migratory and invasive capabilities of human myeloid leukemia cells. At the same time, the viability of K562 cells was not affected by KCa channel inhibitors. Ca2+ imaging showed that both SK and IK channel inhibitors affect Ca2+ entry and this could underlie the observed suppression of pathophysiological reactions of K562 cells. Our data imply that SK/IK channel inhibitors could be used to slow down the proliferation and spreading of chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells that express functionally active KCa channels in the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Y Vasileva
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, 194064 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Zuleikha M Khairullina
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, 194064 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anastasia V Sudarikova
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, 194064 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
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Mechanotransduction for Muscle Protein Synthesis via Mechanically Activated Ion Channels. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020341. [PMID: 36836698 PMCID: PMC9962945 DOI: 10.3390/life13020341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell mechanotransduction, the ability to detect physical forces and convert them into a series of biochemical events, is important for a wide range of physiological processes. Cells express an array of mechanosensors transducing physical forces into intracellular signaling cascades, including ion channels. Ion channels that can be directly activated by mechanical cues are known as mechanically activated (MA), or stretch-activated (SA), channels. In response to repeated exposures to mechanical stimulation in the form of resistance training, enhanced protein synthesis and fiber hypertrophy are elicited in skeletal muscle, whereas a lack of mechanical stimuli due to inactivity/mechanical unloading leads to reduced muscle protein synthesis and fiber atrophy. To date, the role of MA channels in the transduction of mechanical load to intracellular signaling pathways regulating muscle protein synthesis is poorly described. This review article will discuss MA channels in striated muscle, their regulation, and putative roles in the anabolic processes in muscle cells/fibers in response to mechanical stimuli.
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Selective Chemical Activation of Piezo1 in Leukemia Cell Membrane: Single Channel Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22157839. [PMID: 34360605 PMCID: PMC8346046 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Piezo1/2 are mechanosensitive calcium-permeable channels that can be activated by various modes of membrane deformation. The identification of the small molecule Yoda1, a synthetic Piezo1 agonist, revealed the possibility of chemical activation of the channel. Stimulating effects of Yoda1 on Piezo1 have been mainly documented using over-expressing cellular systems or channel proteins incorporated in artificial lipid bilayers. However, the activating effect of Yoda1 on native Piezo1 channels in the plasma membrane of living cells remains generally undefined, despite the increasing number of studies in which the agonist is utilized as a functional tool to reveal the contribution of Piezo1 to cellular reactions. In the current study, we used the human myeloid leukemia K562 cell line as a suitable model to examine chemically induced Piezo1 activity with the use of the patch-clamp technique in various specific modes. The functional expression of Piezo1 in leukemia cells was evidenced using a combinative approach, including single channel patch-clamp measurements. Utilizing our established single-current whole-cell assay on K562 cells, we have shown, for the first time, the selective real-time chemical activation of endogenously expressed Piezo1. Extracellular application of 0.5-1 µM Yoda1 effectively stimulated single Piezo1 currents in the cell membrane.
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Gharooni M, Alikhani A, Moghtaderi H, Abiri H, Mashaghi A, Abbasvandi F, Khayamian MA, Miripour ZS, Zandi A, Abdolahad M. Bioelectronics of The Cellular Cytoskeleton: Monitoring Cytoskeletal Conductance Variation for Sensing Drug Resistance. ACS Sens 2019; 4:353-362. [PMID: 30572702 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b01142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Actin and microtubules form cellular cytoskeletal network, which mediates cell shape, motility and proliferation and are key targets for cancer therapy. Changes in cytoskeletal organization dramatically affect mechanical properties of the cells and correlate with proliferative capacity and invasiveness of cancer cells. Changes in the cytoskeletal network expectedly lead to altered nonmechanical material properties including electrical conductivity as well. Here we applied, for the first time, microtubule and actin based electrical measurement to monitor changes in the electrical properties of breast cancer cells upon administration of anti-tubulin and anti-actin drugs, respectively. Semiconductive behavior of microtubules and conductive behavior of actins presented different bioelectrical responses (in similar frequencies) of the cells treated by anti-tubulin with respect to anti-actin drugs. Doped silicon nanowires were applied as the electrodes due to their enhanced interactive surface and compatibility with electronic fabrication process. We found that treatment with Mebendazole (MBZ), a microtubule destabilizing agent, decreases electrical resistance while treatment with Paclitaxel (PTX), a microtubule stabilizing agent, leads to an increase in electrical resistance. In contrast, actin destabilizing agents, Cytochalasin D (CytD), and actin stabilizing agent, Phalloidin, lead to an increased and decreased electrical resistance, respectively. Our study thus provides proof-of-principle of the usage of determining the electrical function of cytoskeletal compartments in grading of cancer as well as drug resistance assays.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Alireza Mashaghi
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Leiden University, 2311 EZ, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Fereshteh Abbasvandi
- ATMP Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, P.O. BOX 15179/64311, Tehran, Iran
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Chubinskiy-Nadezhdin VI, Efremova TN, Negulyaev YA, Morachevskaya EA. Coupled Activation of Mechanosensitive and Calcium-Dependent Potassium Channels in 3T3 and 3T3-SV40 Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990519x18030021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Zhu LQ, Su GH, Dai J, Zhang WY, Yin CH, Zhang FY, Zhu ZH, Guo ZX, Fang JF, Zou CD, Chen XG, Zhang Y, Xu CY, Zhen YF, Wang XD. Whole genome sequencing of pairwise human subjects reveals DNA mutations specific to developmental dysplasia of the hip. Genomics 2018; 111:320-326. [PMID: 29486210 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a common congenital malformation characterized by mismatch in shape between the femoral head and acetabulum, and leads to hip dysplasia. To date, the pathogenesis of DDH is poorly understood and may involve multiple factors, including genetic predisposition. However, comprehensive genetic analysis has not been applied to investigate a genetic component of DDH. In the present study, 10 pairs of healthy fathers and DDH daughters were enrolled to identify genetic hallmarks of DDH using high throughput whole genome sequencing. The DDH-specific DNA mutations were found in each patient. Overall 1344 genes contained DDH-specific mutations. Functional enrichment analysis showed that these genes played important roles in the cytoskeleton, microtubule cytoskeleton, sarcoplasm and microtubule associated complex. These functions affected osteoblast and osteoclast development. Therefore, we proposed that the DDH-specific mutations might affect bone development, and caused DDH. Our pairwise high throughput sequencing results comprehensively delineated genetic hallmarks of DDH. Further research into the biological impact of these mutations may inform the development of DDH diagnostic tools and allow neonatal gene screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lun-Qing Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Guang-Hao Su
- Pediatric Institute of Soochow University, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Jin Dai
- Department of Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Wen-Yan Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Chun-Hua Yin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Fu-Yong Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Zhi-Xiong Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Jian-Feng Fang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Cheng-da Zou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Xing-Guang Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Pediatric Institute of Soochow University, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Cai-Ying Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Yun-Fang Zhen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China.
| | - Xiao-Dong Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China.
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Guo A, Chen R, Wang Y, Huang CK, Chen B, Kutschke W, Hong J, Song LS. Transient activation of PKC results in long-lasting detrimental effects on systolic [Ca 2+] i in cardiomyocytes by altering actin cytoskeletal dynamics and T-tubule integrity. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2018; 115:104-114. [PMID: 29307535 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Protein kinase C (PKC) isozymes contribute to the development of heart failure through dysregulation of Ca2+ handling properties and disruption of contractile function in cardiomyocytes. However, the mechanisms by which PKC activation leads to Ca2+ dysfunction are incompletely understood. METHODS AND RESULTS Shortly upon ventricular pressure overload in mice, we detected transient PKC activation that was associated with pulsed actin cytoskeletal rearrangement. In cultured cardiomyocytes, transient activation of PKC promoted long-term deleterious effects on the integrity of the transverse (T)- tubule system, resulting in a significant decrease in the amplitude and increase in the rising kinetics of Ca2+ transients. Treatment with a PKCα/β inhibitor restored the synchronization of Ca2+ transients and maintained T-tubule integrity in cultured cardiomyocytes. Supporting these data, PKCα/β inhibition protected against T-tubule remodeling and cardiac dysfunction in a mouse model of pressure overload-induced heart failure. Mechanistically, transient activation of PKC resulted in biphasic actin cytoskeletal rearrangement, consistent with in vivo observations in the pressure overloaded mouse model. Transient inhibition of actin polymerization or depolymerization resulted in severe T-tubule damage, recapitulating the T-tubule damage induced by PKC activation. Moreover, inhibition of stretch activated channels (SAC) protected against T-tubule remodeling and E-C coupling dysfunction induced by transient PKC activation and actin cytoskeletal rearrangement. CONCLUSIONS These data identify a key mechanistic link between transient PKC activation and long-term Ca2+ handling defects through PKC-induced actin cytoskeletal rearrangement and resultant T-tubule damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Guo
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine & Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Rong Chen
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine & Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Yihui Wang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine & Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Chun-Kai Huang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine & Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Biyi Chen
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine & Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - William Kutschke
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine & Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Jiang Hong
- Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Long-Sheng Song
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine & Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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Amiloride-insensitive sodium channels are directly regulated by actin cytoskeleton dynamics in human lymphoma cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 461:54-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.03.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Meroz Y, Bastien R. Stochastic processes in gravitropism. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2014; 5:674. [PMID: 25505482 PMCID: PMC4245003 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
In this short review we focus on the role of noise in gravitropism of plants - the reorientation of plants according to the direction of gravity. We briefly introduce the conventional picture of static gravisensing in cells specialized in sensing. This model hinges on the sedimentation of statoliths (high in density and mass relative to other organelles) to the lowest part of the sensing cell. We then present experimental observations that cannot currently be understood within this framework. Lastly we introduce some current alternative models and directions that attempt to incorporate and interpret these experimental observations, including: (i) dynamic sensing, where gravisensing is suggested to be enhanced by stochastic events due to thermal and mechanical noise. These events both effectively lower the threshold of response, and lead to small-distance sedimentation, allowing amplification, and integration of the signal. (ii) The role of the cytoskeleton in signal-to-noise modulation and (iii) in signal transduction. In closing, we discuss directions that seem to either not have been explored, or that are still poorly understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine Meroz
- Applied Mathematics, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Harvard UniversityCambridge, MA, USA
| | - Renaud Bastien
- Applied Mathematics, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Harvard UniversityCambridge, MA, USA
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10
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Xu T, Yue W, Li CW, Yao X, Yang M. Microfluidics study of intracellular calcium response to mechanical stimulation on single suspension cells. LAB ON A CHIP 2013; 13:1060-9. [PMID: 23403699 DOI: 10.1039/c3lc40880a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
A microfluidic microdevice was developed to exert mechanical stimulation on an individual suspension cell for mechanosensation research. In this microfluidic chip, an individual cell was isolated from a population of cells, and trapped in a microchannel with a compressive component made of a deflectable membrane. The mechanosensation of HL60 cells (leukemic cells) was studied using this chip, and the results showed that mechanical stimulations could trigger extracellular calcium to flow into HL60 cells through ion channels on cell membranes. The tension on individual HL60 cells exerted by the microdevice was showed large variations in the threshold of mechanosensation activation. In contrast to previous reports using patch clamp technique, there was little influence of cytoskeleton interruption on HL60 cell mechanosensation triggered by whole-cell compression. Additionally, two functional units were integrated in one chip for carrying out mechanosensation study in parallel, where HL60 cells (leukemic cells) and Jurkat cells (lymphocytes) were shown to respond to mechanical stimulation with different kinetics. The results demonstrated that the microfluidic device provides a novel approach to investigating the mechanosensation of single suspension cells in high-throughput.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xu
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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11
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Cholesterol depletion-induced inhibition of stretch-activated channels is mediated via actin rearrangement. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 412:80-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2011] [Accepted: 07/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Karpushev AV, Ilatovskaya DV, Staruschenko A. The actin cytoskeleton and small G protein RhoA are not involved in flow-dependent activation of ENaC. BMC Res Notes 2010; 3:210. [PMID: 20663206 PMCID: PMC2918634 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-3-210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2010] [Accepted: 07/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epithelial cells are exposed to a variety of mechanical stimuli. Epithelial Na+ channels (ENaC) mediate sodium transport across apical membranes of epithelial cells that line the distal nephron, airway and alveoli, and distal colon. Early investigations into stretch sensitivity of ENaC were controversial. However, recent studies are supportive of ENaC's mechanosensitivity. This work studied whether flow-dependent activation of ENaC is modulated by changes in the state of the actin cytoskeleton and whether small GTPase RhoA is involved in flow-mediated increase of ENaC activity. Findings Pretreatment with Cytochalasin D and Latrunculin B for 20 min and 1-2 hrs to disassemble F-actin had no effect on flow-mediated increase of amiloride-sensitive current. Overexpression of ENaC with constitutively active (G14V) or dominant negative (T19N) RhoA similarly had no effect on flow-dependent activation of ENaC activity. In addition, we did not observe changes when we inhibited Rho-kinase with Y27632. Conclusions Our results suggest that the flow-dependent activation of ENaC is not influenced by small GTPase RhoA and modifications in the actin cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey V Karpushev
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd,, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
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Schulze C, Müller K, Käs JA, Gerdelmann JC. Compaction of cell shape occurs before decrease of elasticity in CHO-K1 cells treated with actin cytoskeleton disrupting drug cytochalasin D. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 66:193-201. [PMID: 19235199 DOI: 10.1002/cm.20341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The actin filaments of the cytoskeleton form a highly dynamic polymer scaffold which is actively involved in many essential mechanisms such as cell migration, transport, mitosis, and mechanosensitivity. We treated CHO-K1 cells with different concentrations of the actin cytoskeleton disrupting drug cytochalasin D. Then investigating the cells' elastic behaviour by scanning force microscopy-based rheology we confirmed for high cytochalasin D concentrations (> or =1.5 microM) a significant decrease of mechanical stability. At lower concentrations we measured no significant softening, but flattening and a horizontal contraction was observable even at low concentrations (> or =0.3 microM) of cytochalasin D. The observed changes in cell shape resulted in a lower cell volume, showing that there is compensation by volume for small decreases in cytoskeletal strength resulting from reduced numbers or lengths of actin filaments. These results suggest that the characteristic functions defining a cell's mechanical stability such as mechanosensitivity can be maintained via small changes in cell volume in order to counter fluctuations in cytoskeletal composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Schulze
- Lehrstuhl für die Physik weicher Materie, Fakultät für Physik und Geowissenschaften, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstrasse 5, Leipzig, Germany
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Sbrana F, Sassoli C, Meacci E, Nosi D, Squecco R, Paternostro F, Tiribilli B, Zecchi-Orlandini S, Francini F, Formigli L. Role for stress fiber contraction in surface tension development and stretch-activated channel regulation in C2C12 myoblasts. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2008; 295:C160-72. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00014.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Membrane-cytoskeleton interaction regulates transmembrane currents through stretch-activated channels (SACs); however, the mechanisms involved have not been tested in living cells. We combined atomic force microscopy, confocal immunofluorescence, and patch-clamp analysis to show that stress fibers (SFs) in C2C12 myoblasts behave as cables that, tensed by myosin II motor, activate SACs by modifying the topography and the viscoelastic (Young's modulus and hysteresis) and electrical passive (membrane capacitance, Cm) properties of the cell surface. Stimulation with sphingosine 1-phosphate to elicit SF formation, the inhibition of Rho-dependent SF formation by Y-27632 and of myosin II-driven SF contraction by blebbistatin, showed that not SF polymerization alone but the generation of tensional forces by SF contraction were involved in the stiffness response of the cell surface. Notably, this event was associated with a significant reduction in the amplitude of the cytoskeleton-mediated corrugations in the cell surface topography, suggesting a contribution of SF contraction to plasma membrane stretching. Moreover, Cm, used as an index of cell surface area, showed a linear inverse relationship with cell stiffness, indicating participation of the actin cytoskeleton in plasma membrane remodeling and the ability of SF formation to cause internalization of plasma membrane patches to reduce Cm and increase membrane tension. SF contraction also increased hysteresis. Together, these data provide the first experimental evidence for a crucial role of SF contraction in SAC activation. The related changes in cell viscosity may prevent SAC from abnormal activation.
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Marino A, La Spada G. Calcium and cytoskeleton signaling during cell volume regulation in isolated nematocytes of Aiptasia mutabilis (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2007; 147:196-204. [PMID: 17289416 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2006.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2006] [Revised: 12/21/2006] [Accepted: 12/29/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Cell volume regulation has not been completely clarified in Coelenterates. The present investigation focuses on cell volume regulation under anisosmotic conditions, both hyposmotic and hypertonic, and on the underlying signals in nematocytes isolated from the Coelenterate Aiptasia mutabilis living in sea water. Nematocytes, once isolated from acontia, that were submitted to either hyposmotic (35%) and hypertonic shock (45%) show RVD and RVI capabilities, respectively. In order to ascertain the role of Ca2+ in triggering such regulatory mechanisms and the possible involvement of cytoskeleton components, tests were performed by employing either Ca2+ free conditions, Gd3+ as Ca2+ channel blockers, TFP as calmodulin inhibitor, colchicine as microtubule inhibitor and cytochalasin B as microfilament polymerization inhibitor. Results show that isolated nematocytes of A. mutabilis can regulate their volume upon both hyposmotic and hypertonic challenge. Ca2+ both from external medium and from internal stores is needed to perform RVD mechanisms, whereas, intracellular Ca2+ seems to be mainly involved in RVI. Moreover cytoskeletal components may play an important role since a significant RVD and RVI inhibition was observed in treated cells. On the basis of our observations further studies are warranted to further verify the role of signals, including phosphatases and phosphorylases, in cell volume regulation of primitive eukaryotic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Marino
- Department of General Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Messina, Salita Sperone 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
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16
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Formigli L, Meacci E, Sassoli C, Squecco R, Nosi D, Chellini F, Naro F, Francini F, Zecchi-Orlandini S. Cytoskeleton/stretch-activated ion channel interaction regulates myogenic differentiation of skeletal myoblasts. J Cell Physiol 2007; 211:296-306. [PMID: 17295211 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.20936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the functional interaction between stress fibers (SFs) and stretch-activated channels (SACs) and its possible role in the regulation of myoblast differentiation induced by switch to differentiation culture in the presence or absence of sphingosine 1-phosphate. It was found that there was a clear temporal correlation between SF formation and SAC activation in differentiating C2C12 myoblasts. Inhibition of actin polymerization with the specific Rho kinase inhibitor Y-27632, significantly decreased SAC sensitivity in these cells, suggesting a role for Rho-dependent actin remodeling in the regulation of the channel opening. The alteration of cytoskeletal/SAC functional correlation had also deleterious effects on myogenic differentiation of C2C12 cells as judged by combined confocal immunofluorescence, biochemical and electrophysiological analyses. Indeed, the treatment with Y-27632 or with DHCB, an actin disrupting agent, inhibited the expression of the myogenic markers (myogenin and sarcomeric proteins) and myoblast-myotube transition. The treatment with the channel blocker, GdCl(3), also affected myogenesis in these cells. It impaired, in fact, myoblast phenotypic maturation (i.e., reduced the expression of alpha-sarcomeric actin and skeletal myosin and the activity of creatine kinase) but did not modify promoter activity and protein expression levels of myogenin. The results of this study, together with being in agreement with the general idea that cytoskeletal remodeling is essential for muscle differentiation, describe a novel pathway whereby the formation of SFs and their contraction, generate a mechanical tension to the plasma membrane, activate SACs and trigger Ca(2+)-dependent signals, thus influencing the phenotypic maturation of myoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Formigli
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Forensic Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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17
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Staruschenko AV, Sudarikova AV, Negulyaev YA, Morachevskaya EA. Magnesium permeation through mechanosensitive channels: single-current measurements. Cell Res 2006; 16:723-30. [PMID: 16871269 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cr.7310084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Compelling evidence shows that intracellular free magnesium [Mg(2+)](i) may be a critical regulator of cell activity in eukaryotes. However, membrane transport mechanisms mediating Mg(2+) influx in mammalian cells are poorly understood. Here, we show that mechanosensitive (MS) cationic channels activated by stretch are permeable for Mg(2+) ions at different extracellular concentrations including physiological ones. Single-channel currents were recorded from cell-attached and inside-out patches on K562 leukaemia cells at various concentrations of MgCl(2) when Mg(2+) was the only available carrier of inward currents. At 2 mM Mg(2+), inward mechanogated currents representing Mg(2+) influx through MS channels corresponded to the unitary conductance of about 5 pS. At higher Mg(2+) levels, only slight increase of single-channel currents and conductance occurred, implying that Mg(2+) permeation through MS channels is characterized by strong saturation. At 20 and 90 mM Mg(2+), mean conductance values for inward currents carried by Mg(2+) were rather similar, being equal to 6.8 +/- 0.5 and 6.4 +/- 0.5 pS, respectively. The estimation of the channel-selective permeability according to constant field equation is obviously limited due to saturation effects. We conclude that the detection of single currents is the main evidence for Mg(2+) permeation through membrane channels activated by stretch. Our single-current measurements document Mg(2+) influx through MS channels in the plasma membrane of leukaemia cells.
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Houssen WE, Jaspars M, Wease KN, Scott RH. Acute actions of marine toxin latrunculin A on the electrophysiological properties of cultured dorsal root ganglion neurones. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2006; 142:19-29. [PMID: 16280258 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2005.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2005] [Revised: 09/27/2005] [Accepted: 09/28/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The effects of latrunculin A, isolated from the nudibranch Chromodoris sp., on the excitability of neonatal rat cultured dorsal root ganglion neurones were investigated using patch-clamp recording and Ca(2+) imaging techniques. Under current-clamp conditions, acute application of latrunculin A (100 microM) reversibly induced multiple action potential firing and significantly increased action potential duration. No significant effects on action potential peak amplitude, threshold of action potential firing, resting membrane potential and input resistance were observed. Under voltage-clamp conditions, significant and dose-dependent suppression of K(+) current was seen with 10-100 microM latrunculin A. Additionally, a significant difference between inhibition of the current measured at the peak and the end of a 100 ms voltage step was seen with 100 microM latrunculin A. Fura-2 fluorescence Ca(2+) imaging revealed that latrunculin A (100 microM) significantly inhibited Ca(2+) transients evoked by KCl-induced depolarisation in all neurones. In 36% of DRG neurones, latrunculin A alone had no effect on intracellular Ca(2+). In 64% of neurones, latrunculin A alone evoked a transient rise in intracellular Ca(2+). Moreover, latrunculin A (10-100 microM) significantly inhibited the mean high voltage-activated Ca(2+) current. The effects of latrunculin A on action potential firing and K(+) currents were attenuated by intracellular phalloidin, an indication that these effects are mediated through actin disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael E Houssen
- Marine Natural Products Laboratory, Chemistry Department, University of Aberdeen, Scotland, UK.
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Sauviat MP, Boydron-Le Garrec R, Masson JB, Lewis RL, Vernoux JP, Molgó J, Laurent D, Benoit E. Mechanisms involved in the swelling of erythrocytes caused by Pacific and Caribbean ciguatoxins. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2005; 36:1-9. [PMID: 16364667 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2005.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2005] [Revised: 10/26/2005] [Accepted: 10/27/2005] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying the swelling of frog red blood cells (RBC), induced by Pacific (P-CTX-1) and Caribbean (C-CTX-1) ciguatoxins (CTXs), were investigated by measuring the length, width and surface of their elliptic shape. P-CTX-1 (0.5 to 5 nM) and C-CTX-1 (1 nM) induced RBC swelling within 60 min. The CTXs-induced RBC swelling was blocked by apamin (1 microM) and by Sr(2+) (1 mM). P-CTX-1-induced RBC swelling was prevented and inhibited by H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (27 microM), an inhibitor of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC), and NOS blockade by NG methyl-l-arginine (l-NMA; 10 microM). Cytochalasin D (cytD, 10 microM) increased RBC surface and mimicked CTX effect but did not prevent the P-CTX-1-induced l-NMA-sensitive extra increase. Calculations revealed that P-CTX-1 and cytD increase RBC total surface envelop and volume. These data strongly suggest that the molecular mechanisms underlying CTXs-induced RBC swelling involve the NO pathway by an activation of the inducible NOS, leading to sGC activation which modulates intracellular cGMP and regulates L-type Ca(2+) channels. The resulting increase in intracellular Ca(2+) content, in turn, disrupts the actin cytoskeleton, which causes a water influx and triggers a Ca(2+)-activated K(+) current through SK2 isoform channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin-Pierre Sauviat
- Laboratoire d'Optique et Biosciences, INSERM U696, UMR CNRS 7645, X/ENSTA, Ecole Polytechnique, route de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France.
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