1
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Zhang P, Tang S, Fu Q, Luo Y, Li J, Chen Z, Li H, Ni G, Wang T, Chen G, Liu X. Proteomic analysis of anti-MRSA activity of caerin 1.1/1.9 in a murine skin infection model and their in vitro anti-biofilm effects against Acinetobacter baumannii. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0452022. [PMID: 37819110 PMCID: PMC10714828 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04520-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Caerin 1.1 and caerin 1.9, natural antimicrobial peptides derived from tree frogs, have demonstrated the ability to inhibit the growth of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, comparable to certain widely used antibiotics. Additionally, these peptides exhibit the capacity to prevent or treat biofilms formed by bacteria in conjunction with bodily components. The mechanisms underlying their antibacterial effects were investigated through a mouse model of bacterial skin infection, utilizing proteomic analysis as a technological approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Zhang
- Cancer Research Institute, Foshan First People’s Hospital, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuxian Tang
- Cancer Research Institute, Foshan First People’s Hospital, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Quanlan Fu
- Medical School of Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuandong Luo
- Medical School of Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Junjie Li
- Guiyang Hospital of Stomatology, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Zhu Chen
- Guiyang Hospital of Stomatology, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Hejie Li
- Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore BC, Queensland, Australia
| | - Guoying Ni
- Cancer Research Institute, Foshan First People’s Hospital, Foshan, Guangdong, China
- Guiyang Hospital of Stomatology, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore BC, Queensland, Australia
| | - Tianfang Wang
- Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore BC, Queensland, Australia
| | - Guoqiang Chen
- Cancer Research Institute, Foshan First People’s Hospital, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaosong Liu
- Cancer Research Institute, Foshan First People’s Hospital, Foshan, Guangdong, China
- Guiyang Hospital of Stomatology, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
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2
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Wang C, Ma YH, Han X, Lu X. Re-Examining Interaction between Antimicrobial Peptide Aurein 1.2 and Model Cell Membranes via SFG. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:690-699. [PMID: 36576332 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c03068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Aurein 1.2 (Aur), a highly efficient 13-residue antimicrobial peptide (AMP) with a broad-spectrum antibiotic activity originally derived from the Australian frog skin secretions, can nonspecifically disrupt bacterial membranes. To deeply understand the molecular-level detail of the antimicrobial mechanism, here, we artificially established comparative experimental models to investigate the interfacial interaction process between Aur and negatively charged model cell membranes via sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy. Sequencing the vibrational signals of phenyl, C-H, and amide groups from Aur has characteristically helped us differentiate between the initial adsorption and subsequent insertion steps upon mutual interaction between Aur and the charged lipids. The phenyl group at the terminal phenylalanine residue can act as an anchor in the adsorption process. The time-dependent signal intensity of α-helices showed a sharp rise once the Aur molecules came into contact with the negatively charged lipids, indicating that the adsorption process was ongoing. Insertion of Aur into the charged lipids then offered the detectable interfacial C-H signals from Aur. The achiral and chiral amide I signals suggest that Aur had formed β-folding-like aggregates after interacting with the charged lipids, along with the subsequent descending α-helical amide I signals. The above-mentioned experimental results provide the molecular-level detail on how the Aur molecules interact with the cell membranes, and such a mechanism study can offer the necessary support for the AMP design and later application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Yong-Hao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Xiaofeng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Xiaolin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
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3
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Madanchi H, Rahmati S, Doaee Y, Sardari S, Mousavi Maleki MS, Rostamian M, Ebrahimi Kiasari R, Seyed Mousavi SJ, Ghods E, Ardakanian M. Determination of antifungal activity and action mechanism of the modified Aurein 1.2 peptide derivatives. Microb Pathog 2022; 173:105866. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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4
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Priyadarshini D, Ivica J, Separovic F, de Planque MRR. Characterisation of cell membrane interaction mechanisms of antimicrobial peptides by electrical bilayer recording. Biophys Chem 2022; 281:106721. [PMID: 34808479 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2021.106721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Many antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are cationic host defence peptides (HDPs) that interact with microbial membranes. This ability may lead to implementation of AMPs as therapeutics to overcome the wide-spread antibiotic resistance problem as the affected bacteria may not be able to recover from membrane lysis types of attack. AMP interactions with lipid bilayer membranes are typically explained through three mechanisms, i.e., barrel-stave pore, toroidal pore and carpet models. Electrical bilayer recording is a relatively simple and sensitive technique that is able to capture the nanoscale perturbations caused by the AMPs in the bilayer membranes. Molecular-level understanding of the behaviour of AMPs in relation to lipid bilayers mimicking bacterial and human cell membranes is essential for their development as novel therapeutic agents that are capable of targeted action against disease causing micro-organisms. The effects of four AMPs (aurein 1.2, caerin 1.1, citropin 1.1 and maculatin 1.1 from the skin secretions of Australian tree frogs) and the toxin melittin (found in the venom of honeybees) on two different phospholipid membranes were studied using the electrical bilayer recording technique. Bilayers composed of zwitterionic (DPhPC) and anionic (DPhPC/POPG) lipids were used to mimic the charge of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell membranes, respectively, so as to determine the corresponding interaction mechanisms for different concentrations of the peptide. Analysis of the dataset corresponding to the four frog AMPs, as well as the resulting dataset corresponding to the bee toxin, confirms the proposed peptide-bilayer interaction models in existing publications and demonstrates the importance of using appropriate bilayer compositions and peptide concentrations for AMP studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Priyadarshini
- Electronics and Computer Science, Faculty of Physical & Applied Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Josip Ivica
- Electronics and Computer Science, Faculty of Physical & Applied Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Frances Separovic
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Maurits R R de Planque
- Electronics and Computer Science, Faculty of Physical & Applied Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
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5
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Drayton M, Alford MA, Pletzer D, Haney EF, Machado Y, Luo HD, Overall CM, Kizhakkedathu JN, Hancock REW, Straus SK. Enzymatically releasable polyethylene glycol - host defense peptide conjugates with improved activity and biocompatibility. J Control Release 2021; 339:220-231. [PMID: 34597746 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Host defense peptides (HDPs) have been the subject of great interest for the treatment of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections due to their multimodal activity and low induction of resistance. However, aggregation, toxicity, and short biological half-life have limited their applicability for clinical treatment. Many methods have been explored to alleviate these issues, such as polymer (e.g., polyethylene glycol (PEG)) conjugation, but these are often accompanied by reductions in the activity of the HDP. Here, we detail the design of a novel PEG-HDP conjugate incorporating an enzymatic cleavage sequence targeting matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) that accumulate at sites of inflammation and infection. Addition of the cleavage sequence onto either the N- or the C-terminal region of the parent peptide (peptide 73, a derivative of the HDP aurein 2.2) was explored to determine the location for optimal antimicrobial activity following MMP cleavage; furthermore, the susceptibility of the peptide to MMP cleavage after conjugation to 2 kDa or 5 kDa PEG was examined. The top candidate, L73, utilized an N-terminal cleavage site that was subsequently conjugated to a 2 kDa PEG polymer. Both L73 and the conjugate exhibited no antimicrobial activity in vitro until cleaved by purified MMP, which liberated a peptide fragment with 16- or 63-fold improved activity, respectively, corresponding to a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 8 μg/mL, comparable to that of peptide 73 (4 μg/mL). Furthermore, PEG conjugation improved the blood compatibility and reduced the aggregation tendency of the HDP in vitro, indicating enhanced biocompatibility. When administered as a single subcutaneous dose (~3.6 mg, or a peptide concentration of 142 mg/kg) in a mouse abscess model of high-density methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection, the conjugate displayed strong activity, reducing abscess size and bacterial load by 73.3% and 58-fold, respectively. This activity was completely lost when the cleavage site was rendered resistant to MMPs by the substitution of two d-amino acids, supporting the hypothesis that antimicrobial activity was dependent on cleavage by MMPs, which were shown here to increasingly accumulate at the abscess site up to 18 h post infection. Finally, the conjugate displayed biocompatibility in vivo, with no identifiable toxicity or aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Drayton
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada; Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Morgan A Alford
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; Centre for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, 2259 Lower Mall Research Station, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Daniel Pletzer
- Centre for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, 2259 Lower Mall Research Station, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, 720 Cumberland St, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Evan F Haney
- Centre for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, 2259 Lower Mall Research Station, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Yoan Machado
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Haiming D Luo
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada; Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Christopher M Overall
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Jayachandran N Kizhakkedathu
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z3, Canada; The School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Robert E W Hancock
- Centre for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, 2259 Lower Mall Research Station, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Suzana K Straus
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.
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6
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Wang T, Ni G, Furushima T, Diao H, Zhang P, Chen S, Fogarty CE, Jiang Z, Liu X, Li H. Mg alloy surface immobilised with caerin peptides acquires enhanced antibacterial ability and putatively improved corrosion resistance. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 121:111819. [PMID: 33579462 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) has mechanical properties similar to human bones and Mg alloy is considered ideal medical implant material. However, the high velocity of degradation inside the human inner environment severely hampers the usage of Mg alloys. In this study, caerin peptide 1.9 (F3) and a modified sequence of caerin 1.1 (F1) with anti-bacterial activity, were covalently immobilised on the surface of Mg alloys by plasma chemical click reaction. The in vitro antibacterial activity and corrosion resistance of these caerin peptide-immobilised Mg alloys were investigated in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) solution. Un-immobilised Mg alloy sample, blank drug-sensitive tablet (BASD) and a commonly used antibiotics Tazocin were used for comparison. Results showed that peptide immobilised Mg samples showed observable improved corrosion resistance and prolonged antibacterial effect compared to non-immobilised Mg alloy and free caerin peptides. These results indicate that coating Mg alloy with caerin peptides obviously increases the alloy's antibacterial ability and putatively improves the corrosion resistance in vitro. The mechanism underlying the prolonged antibacterial effect for annealed Mg alloys immobilised with the peptides (especially F3) remains unclear, which worth further experimental and theoretical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianfang Wang
- Genecology Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, QLD 4558, Australia
| | - Guoying Ni
- Genecology Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, QLD 4558, Australia; The First Affiliated Hospital/School of Clinical Medicine of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Tsuyoshi Furushima
- Institute of Industrial Science, Department of Mechanical and Biofunctional Systems, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Hui Diao
- Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Pingping Zhang
- Cancer Research Institute, First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China
| | - Shu Chen
- Cancer Research Institute, First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China
| | - Conor E Fogarty
- Genecology Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, QLD 4558, Australia
| | - Zhengyi Jiang
- School of Mechanical, Materials, Mechatronic and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences, University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Xiaosong Liu
- Genecology Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, QLD 4558, Australia; Cancer Research Institute, First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China.
| | - Hejie Li
- Genecology Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, QLD 4558, Australia; Institute of Industrial Science, Department of Mechanical and Biofunctional Systems, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan.
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7
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Zargaran FN, Akya A, Rezaeian S, Ghadiri K, Lorestani RC, Madanchi H, Safaei S, Rostamian M. B Cell Epitopes of Four Fimbriae Antigens of Klebsiella pneumoniae: A Comprehensive In Silico Study for Vaccine Development. Int J Pept Res Ther 2020; 27:875-886. [PMID: 33250677 PMCID: PMC7684152 DOI: 10.1007/s10989-020-10134-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the major causes of nosocomial infections worldwide which can cause several diseases in children and adults. The globally dissemination of hyper-virulent strains of K. pneumoniae and the emergence of antibiotics-resistant isolates of this pathogen narrows down the treatment options and has renewed interest in its vaccines. Vaccine candidates of Klebsiella pneumoniae have not been adequately protective, safe and globally available yet. In K. pneumoniae infection, it is well known that B cells that induce robust humoral immunity are necessary for the host complete protection. Identifying the B cell epitopes of antigens is valuable to design novel vaccine candidates. In the present study using immunoinformatics approaches we found B cell epitopes of four K. pneumoniae type 1 fimbriae antigens namely FimA, FimF, FimG, and FimH. Linear and conformational B cell epitopes of each antigen were predicted using different programs. Subsequently, many bioinformatics assays were applied to choose the best epitopes including prediction antigenicity, toxicity, human similarity and investigation on experimental records. These assays resulted in final four epitopes (each for one Fim protein). These final epitopes were modeled and their physiochemical properties were estimated to be used as potential vaccine candidates. Altogether, we found four B cell epitopes of K. pneumoniae Fim antigens that are immunogen, antigenic, not similar to human peptides, not allergen and not toxic. Also, they have suitable physiochemical properties to administrate as vaccine, although their complete efficacy should be also shown in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Nemati Zargaran
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Alisha Akya
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Shahab Rezaeian
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Keyghobad Ghadiri
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Roya Chegene Lorestani
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hamid Madanchi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Drug Design and Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Safaei
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mosayeb Rostamian
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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8
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Hyun S, Choi Y, Jo D, Choo S, Park TW, Park SJ, Kim S, Lee S, Park S, Jin SM, Cheon DH, Yoo W, Arya R, Chong YP, Kim KK, Kim YS, Lee Y, Yu J. Proline Hinged Amphipathic α-Helical Peptide Sensitizes Gram-Negative Bacteria to Various Gram-Positive Antibiotics. J Med Chem 2020; 63:14937-14950. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soonsil Hyun
- Department of Chemistry & Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Yoonhwa Choi
- Department of Chemistry & Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Doyeon Jo
- Department of Chemistry & Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Seolah Choo
- Department of Chemistry & Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Tae Woo Park
- Department of Chemistry & Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Su-Jin Park
- Department of Infectious Disease, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Seoyeon Kim
- Department of Chemistry & Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Seonju Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sohyun Park
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sun Mi Jin
- Department of Chemistry & Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Dae Hee Cheon
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Wanki Yoo
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Rekha Arya
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Yong Pil Chong
- Department of Infectious Disease, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Kyeong Kyu Kim
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Yang Soo Kim
- Department of Infectious Disease, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Yan Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jaehoon Yu
- Department of Chemistry & Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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9
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Azuma E, Choda N, Odaki M, Yano Y, Matsuzaki K. Improvement of Therapeutic Index by the Combination of Enhanced Peptide Cationicity and Proline Introduction. ACS Infect Dis 2020; 6:2271-2278. [PMID: 32786298 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are promising candidates for new therapeutics to combat the emergence of an increasing number of multidrug-resistant pathogens. However, a major obstacle to the systemic application of AMPs is their possible toxicity. In this study, we improved the therapeutic index of the typical AMP F5W-magainin 2 by simultaneously introducing positive charges (+9-+10) and Pro residues. The former and latter contributed to enhanced antimicrobial activity and reduced cytotoxicity, respectively. The results were sensitive to the positions of Pro substitution. The antimicrobial mechanism was considered to involve both membrane permeabilization and DNA binding. The latter was affected by the peptide charge but not the presence of Pro. The neutralization of lipopolysaccharides, another important role of AMPs, was not very sensitive to either the peptide charge or Pro introduction. This strategy using intrinsic amino acids is also promising from the viewpoints of the economic mass production of AMPs and safety of metabolized peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Azuma
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Naoki Choda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Mayu Odaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Yano
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Katsumi Matsuzaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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10
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A novel, rationally designed, hybrid antimicrobial peptide, inspired by cathelicidin and aurein, exhibits membrane-active mechanisms against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9117. [PMID: 32499514 PMCID: PMC7272617 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65688-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are promising alternatives to classical antibiotics for the treatment of drug-resistant infections. Due to their versatility and unlimited sequence space, AMPs can be rationally designed by modulating physicochemical determinants to favor desired biological parameters and turned into novel therapeutics. In this study, we utilized key structural and physicochemical parameters, in combination with rational engineering, to design novel short α-helical hybrid peptides inspired by the well-known natural peptides, cathelicidin and aurein. By comparing homologous sequences and abstracting the conserved residue type, sequence templates of cathelicidin (P0) and aurein (A0) were obtained. Two peptide derivatives, P7 and A3, were generated by amino acid substitution based on their residue composition and distribution. In order to enhance antimicrobial activity, a hybrid analog of P7A3 was designed. The results demonstrated that P7A3 had higher antibacterial activity than the parental peptides with unexpectedly high hemolytic activity. Strikingly, C-terminal truncation of hybrid peptides containing only the α-helical segment (PA-18) and shorter derivatives confer potent antimicrobial activity with reduced hemolytic activity in a length‐dependent manner. Among all, PA-13, showed remarkable broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, especially against Pseudomonas aeruginosa with no toxicity. PA-13 maintained antimicrobial activity in the presence of physiological salts and displayed rapid binding and penetration activity which resulted in membrane depolarization and permeabilization. Moreover, PA-13 showed an anti-inflammatory response via lipopolysaccharide (LPS) neutralization with dose-dependent, inhibiting, LPS-mediated Toll-like receptor activation. This study revealed the therapeutic potency of a novel hybrid peptide, and supports the use of rational design in development of new antibacterial agents.
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11
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Madanchi H, Ebrahimi Kiasari R, Seyed Mousavi SJ, Johari B, Shabani AA, Sardari S. Design and Synthesis of Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Antimicrobial Peptides Based on Truncated Rabbit and Human CAP18 Peptides and Evaluation of Their Action Mechanism. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2020; 12:1582-1593. [DOI: 10.1007/s12602-020-09648-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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12
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Madanchi H, Sardari S, Shajiee H, Taherian S, Ashkar M, Johari B, Shabani AA, Sharafi S. Design of new truncated derivatives based on direct and reverse mirror repeats of first six residues of Caerin 4 antimicrobial peptide and evaluation of their activity and cytotoxicity. Chem Biol Drug Des 2020; 96:801-811. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Madanchi
- Department of Biotechnology School of Medicine Semnan University of Medical Sciences Semnan Iran
- Drug Design and Bioinformatics Unit Department of Medical Biotechnology Biotechnology Research Center Pasteur Institute of Iran Tehran Iran
| | - Soroush Sardari
- Drug Design and Bioinformatics Unit Department of Medical Biotechnology Biotechnology Research Center Pasteur Institute of Iran Tehran Iran
| | - Hooman Shajiee
- Damghan Branch Department of Biology Islamic Azad University Damghan Iran
| | - Sina Taherian
- Damghan Branch Department of Biology Islamic Azad University Damghan Iran
| | - Maryam Ashkar
- Damghan Branch Department of Biology Islamic Azad University Damghan Iran
| | - Behrooz Johari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology School of Medicine Zanjan University of Medical Sciences Zanjan Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Shabani
- Department of Biotechnology School of Medicine Semnan University of Medical Sciences Semnan Iran
| | - Shahram Sharafi
- Damghan Branch Department of Biology Islamic Azad University Damghan Iran
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13
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Munusamy S, Conde R, Bertrand B, Munoz-Garay C. Biophysical approaches for exploring lipopeptide-lipid interactions. Biochimie 2020; 170:173-202. [PMID: 31978418 PMCID: PMC7116911 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, lipopeptides (LPs) have attracted a lot of attention in the pharmaceutical industry due to their broad-spectrum of antimicrobial activity against a variety of pathogens and their unique mode of action. This class of compounds has enormous potential for application as an alternative to conventional antibiotics and for pest control. Understanding how LPs work from a structural and biophysical standpoint through investigating their interaction with cell membranes is crucial for the rational design of these biomolecules. Various analytical techniques have been developed for studying intramolecular interactions with high resolution. However, these tools have been barely exploited in lipopeptide-lipid interactions studies. These biophysical approaches would give precise insight on these interactions. Here, we reviewed these state-of-the-art analytical techniques. Knowledge at this level is indispensable for understanding LPs activity and particularly their potential specificity, which is relevant information for safe application. Additionally, the principle of each analytical technique is presented and the information acquired is discussed. The key challenges, such as the selection of the membrane model are also been briefly reviewed. A brief overview of topics to understand the generalities of lipopeptide (LP) science. Main analytical techniques used to reveal the interaction and the distorting effect of LP on artificial membranes. Guidelines for selecting of the most adequate membrane models for the given analytical technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathishkumar Munusamy
- Instituto de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Col. Chamilpa, 62210, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Renaud Conde
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Brandt Bertrand
- Instituto de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Col. Chamilpa, 62210, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Carlos Munoz-Garay
- Instituto de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Col. Chamilpa, 62210, Cuernavaca, Mexico.
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14
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The role of C-terminal amidation in the mechanism of action of the antimicrobial peptide aurein 1.2. THE EUROBIOTECH JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.2478/ebtj-2020-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
C-terminal amidation is a common feature of wild type membrane disrupting antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Empirical evidence suggests that this modification increases antimicrobial efficacy. However, the actual role of C-terminal amidation in the molecular mechanism of action of AMPs is not fully understood. Amidation alters two key properties simultaneously: the net charge and helicity of the peptide, both of which are implicated in the mechanism of action. However, the differences between the physicochemical properties of the carboxyl and amide moieties have been disregarded in former studies. In this study we assessed whether the difference in activity is only caused by changes in the helicity and overall charge of a peptide, i.e. whether the chemistry of the terminus is otherwise irrelevant. To do so, the membrane disrupting activity of a modified aurein 1.2 peptide was studied in which a secondary amide was formed with a terminal methyl group, instead of the primary amide as in the wild type peptide. Results of quartz crystal microbalance, dye leakage and circular dichroism experiments show that the activity of the modified peptide is substantially reduced compared to the wild type peptide, in particular that the modified peptide exhibited a much-reduced ability to bind to the membrane. Thus, the primary amide at the C-terminus is required to bind to the membrane, and a secondary amide cannot serve the same purpose. We hypothesize that this difference is related to the hydration state of the terminus. The lack of membrane binding ability of the modified peptide identifies the primary amide moiety at the C terminus as a specific membrane binding motif.
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15
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Patocka J, Nepovimova E, Klimova B, Wu Q, Kuca K. Antimicrobial Peptides: Amphibian Host Defense Peptides. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:5924-5946. [PMID: 30009702 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180713125314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) are one of the most common components of the innate immune system that protect multicellular organisms against microbial invasion. The vast majority of AMPs are isolated from the frog skin. Anuran (frogs and toads) skin contains abundant AMPs that can be developed therapeutically. Such peptides are a unique but diverse group of molecules. In general, more than 50% of the amino acid residues form the hydrophobic part of the molecule. Normally, there are no conserved structural motifs responsible for activity, although the vast majority of the AMPs are cationic due to the presence of multiple lysine residues; this cationicity has a close relationship with antibacterial activity. Notably, recent evidence suggests that synthesis of AMPs in frog skin may confer an advantage on a particular species, although they are not essential for survival. Frog skin AMPs exert potent activity against antibiotic-resistant bacteria, protozoa, yeasts, and fungi by permeating and destroying the plasma membrane and inactivating intracellular targets. Importantly, since they do not bind to a specific receptor, AMPs are less likely to induce resistance mechanisms. Currently, the best known amphibian AMPs are esculentins, brevinins, ranacyclins, ranatuerins, nigrocin-2, magainins, dermaseptins, bombinins, temporins, and japonicins-1 and -2, and palustrin-2. This review focuses on these frog skin AMPs and the mechanisms underlying their antimicrobial activity. We hope that this review will provide further information that will facilitate further study of AMPs and cast new light on novel and safer microbicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiri Patocka
- Department of Radiology and Toxicology, Faculty of Health and Social Studies, University of South Bohemia Ceske Budejovice, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Blanka Klimova
- Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Qinghua Wu
- College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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16
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Chemical and Biological Characteristics of Antimicrobial α-Helical Peptides Found in Solitary Wasp Venoms and Their Interactions with Model Membranes. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11100559. [PMID: 31554187 PMCID: PMC6832458 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11100559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Solitary wasps use their stinging venoms for paralyzing insect or spider prey and feeding them to their larvae. We have surveyed bioactive substances in solitary wasp venoms, and found antimicrobial peptides together with some other bioactive peptides. Eumenine mastoparan-AF (EMP-AF) was the first to be found from the venom of the solitary eumenine wasp Anterhynchium flavomarginatum micado, showing antimicrobial, histamine-releasing, and hemolytic activities, and adopting an α-helical secondary structure under appropriate conditions. Further survey of solitary wasp venom components revealed that eumenine wasp venoms contained such antimicrobial α-helical peptides as the major peptide component. This review summarizes the results obtained from the studies of these peptides in solitary wasp venoms and some analogs from the viewpoint of (1) chemical and biological characterization; (2) physicochemical properties and secondary structure; and (3) channel-like pore-forming properties.
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17
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Rodrigues de Almeida N, Catazaro J, Krishnaiah M, Singh Chhonker Y, Murry DJ, Powers R, Conda-Sheridan M. Understanding interactions of Citropin 1.1 analogues with model membranes and their influence on biological activity. Peptides 2019; 119:170119. [PMID: 31336137 PMCID: PMC7161086 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2019.170119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The rapid emergence of resistant bacterial strains has made the search for new antibacterial agents an endeavor of paramount importance. Cationic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have the ability to kill resistant pathogens while diminishing the development of resistance. Citropin 1.1 (Cit 1.1) is an AMP effective against a broad range of pathogens. 20 analogues of Cit 1.1 were prepared to understand how sequence variations lead to changes in structure and biological activity. Various analogues exhibited an increased antimicrobial activity relative to Cit 1.1. The two most promising, AMP-016 (W3F) and AMP-017 (W3F, D4R, K7R) presented a 2- to 8-fold increase in activity against MRSA (both = 4 μg/mL). AMP-017 was active against E. coli (4 μg/mL), K. pneumoniae (8 μg/mL), and A. baumannii (2 μg/mL). NMR studies indicated that Cit 1.1 and its analogues form a head-to-tail helical dimer in a membrane environment, which differs from a prior study by Sikorska et al. Active peptides displayed a greater tendency to form α-helices and to dimerize when in contact with a negatively-charged membrane. Antimicrobial activity was observed to correlate to the overall stability of the α-helix and to a positively charged N-terminus. Biologically active AMPs were shown by SEM and flow cytometry to disrupt membranes in both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria through a proposed carpet mechanism. Notably, active peptides exhibited typical serum stabilities and a good selectivity for bacterial cells over mammalian cells, which supports the potential use of Cit 1.1 analogues as a novel broad-spectrum antibiotic for drug-resistant bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jonathan Catazaro
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, NE, 68588-0304, USA
| | - Maddeboina Krishnaiah
- Department of Pediatrics Computational Chemistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center - Omaha, NE, 68198-2168, USA
| | - Yashpal Singh Chhonker
- Clinical Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Nebraska Medical Center - Omaha, NE, 68198-6145, USA
| | - Daryl J Murry
- Clinical Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Nebraska Medical Center - Omaha, NE, 68198-6145, USA
| | - Robert Powers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, NE, 68588-0304, USA; Nebraska Center for Integrated Biomolecular Communication, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0304, USA.
| | - Martin Conda-Sheridan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center - Omaha, NE, 68198-6125, USA.
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18
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Bhattacharyya D, Kim M, Mroue KH, Park M, Tiwari A, Saleem M, Lee D, Bhunia A. Role of non-electrostatic forces in antimicrobial potency of a dengue-virus derived fusion peptide VG16KRKP: Mechanistic insight into the interfacial peptide-lipid interactions. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2019; 1861:798-809. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2019.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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19
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Poger D, Pöyry S, Mark AE. Could Cardiolipin Protect Membranes against the Action of Certain Antimicrobial Peptides? Aurein 1.2, a Case Study. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:16453-16464. [PMID: 30613806 PMCID: PMC6312644 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b02710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The activity of a host of antimicrobial peptides has been examined against a range of lipid bilayers mimicking bacterial and eukaryotic membranes. Despite this, the molecular mechanisms and the nature of the physicochemical properties underlying the peptide-lipid interactions that lead to membrane disruption are yet to be fully elucidated. In this study, the interaction of the short antimicrobial peptide aurein 1.2 was examined in the presence of an anionic cardiolipin-containing lipid bilayer using molecular dynamics simulations. Aurein 1.2 is known to interact strongly with anionic lipid membranes. In the simulations, the binding of aurein 1.2 was associated with buckling of the lipid bilayer, the degree of which varied with the peptide concentration. The simulations suggest that the intrinsic properties of cardiolipin, especially the fact that it promotes negative membrane curvature, may help protect membranes against the action of peptides such as aurein 1.2 by counteracting the tendency of the peptide to induce positive curvature in target membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Poger
- School
of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Sanja Pöyry
- Department
of Physics, Tampere University of Technology, POB 692, F1-33720 Tampere, Finland
| | - Alan E. Mark
- School
of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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20
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Madanchi H, Akbari S, Shabani AA, Sardari S, Farmahini Farahani Y, Ghavami G, Ebrahimi Kiasari R. Alignment-based design and synthesis of new antimicrobial Aurein-derived peptides with improved activity against Gram-negative bacteria and evaluation of their toxicity on human cells. Drug Dev Res 2018; 80:162-170. [DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Madanchi
- Drug Design and Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Center; Pasteur Institute of Iran; Tehran Iran
| | - Shabnam Akbari
- Department of Biology, Damghan Branch; Islamic Azad University; Damghan Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Shabani
- Department and Center for Biotechnology Research; Semnan University of Medical Sciences; Semnan Iran
| | - Soroush Sardari
- Drug Design and Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Center; Pasteur Institute of Iran; Tehran Iran
| | - Yekta Farmahini Farahani
- Drug Design and Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Center; Pasteur Institute of Iran; Tehran Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Ghavami
- Drug Design and Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Center; Pasteur Institute of Iran; Tehran Iran
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21
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Abstract
Discovering new therapeutics for human viral diseases is important for combatting emerging infectious viruses and omnipresent circulating viruses as well as those that can become resistant to the drugs we currently have available. The innate host defense peptide (HDP) repertoire present in animals is a wealth of potential antimicrobial agents that could be mined to meet these needs. While much of the body of research regarding HDPs is in the context of bacteria, there is increasing evidence that they can be an effective source for antivirals. Peptides can be identified in a number of ways, including eco-conservation-minded approaches. Those shown to have antiviral properties can be modified to exhibit desired properties as the relationship between structure and function is elucidated and then developed into therapeutics for human use. This review looks at the discovery and therapeutic potential of HDPs for human viral infections.
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22
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Gao B, Zhu S. Mesobuthus Venom-Derived Antimicrobial Peptides Possess Intrinsic Multifunctionality and Differential Potential as Drugs. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:320. [PMID: 29599756 PMCID: PMC5863496 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal venoms are a mixture of peptides and proteins that serve two basic biological functions: predation and defense against both predators and microbes. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a common component extensively present in various scorpion venoms (herein abbreviated as svAMPs). However, their roles in predation and defense against predators and potential as drugs are poorly understood. Here, we report five new venom peptides with antimicrobial activity from two Mesobuthus scorpion species. These α-helical linear peptides displayed highly bactericidal activity toward all the Gram-positive bacteria used here but differential activity against Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. In addition to the antibiotic activity, these AMPs displayed lethality to houseflies and hemotoxin-like toxicity on mice by causing hemolysis, tissue damage and inducing inflammatory pain. Unlike AMPs from other origins, these venom-derived AMPs seem to be unsuitable as anti-infective drugs due to their high hemolysis and low serum stability. However, MeuTXKβ1, a known two-domain Mesobuthus AMP, is an exception since it exhibits high activity toward antibiotic resistant Staphylococci clinical isolates with low hemolysis and high serum stability. The findings that the classical AMPs play predatory and defensive roles indicate that the multifunctionality of scorpion venom components is an intrinsic feature likely evolved by natural selection from microbes, prey and predators of scorpions. This definitely provides an excellent system in which one can study how a protein adaptively evolves novel functions in a new environment. Meantimes, new strategies are needed to remove the toxicity of svAMPs on eukaryotic cells when they are used as leads for anti-infective drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Gao
- Group of Peptide Biology and Evolution, State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shunyi Zhu
- Group of Peptide Biology and Evolution, State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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23
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Lee TH, Sani MA, Overall S, Separovic F, Aguilar MI. Effect of phosphatidylcholine bilayer thickness and molecular order on the binding of the antimicrobial peptide maculatin 1.1. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2018; 1860:300-309. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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24
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Pore formation and the key factors in antibacterial activity of aurein 1.2 and LLAA inside lipid bilayers, a molecular dynamics study. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2018; 1860:347-356. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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25
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Satake M, Cornelio K, Hanashima S, Malabed R, Murata M, Matsumori N, Zhang H, Hayashi F, Mori S, Kim JS, Kim CH, Lee JS. Structures of the Largest Amphidinol Homologues from the Dinoflagellate Amphidinium carterae and Structure-Activity Relationships. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2017; 80:2883-2888. [PMID: 29120640 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Amphidinols are polyketide metabolites produced by marine dinoflagellates and are chiefly composed of a long linear chain with polyol groups and polyolefins. Two new homologues, amphidinols 20 (AM20, 1) and 21 (AM21, 2), were isolated from Amphidinium carterae collected in Korea. Their structures were elucidated by detailed NMR analyses as amphidinol 6-type compounds with remarkably long polyol chains. Amphidinol 21 (2) has the longest linear structure among the amphidinol homologues reported so far. The congeners, particularly amphidinol 21 (2), showed weaker activity in hemolysis and antifungal assays compared to known amphidinols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Satake
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kimberly Cornelio
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University , 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
- JST ERATO Lipid Active Structure Project , 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Shinya Hanashima
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University , 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Raymond Malabed
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University , 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Michio Murata
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University , 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
- JST ERATO Lipid Active Structure Project , 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Matsumori
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Sciences, Kyushu University , 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Huiping Zhang
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technology , 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Hayashi
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technology , 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Shoko Mori
- Bioorganic Research Institute, Suntory Foundation for Life Sciences , Sikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284 Japan
| | - Jong Souk Kim
- Department of Marine Bio-materials & Aquaculture, Pukyong National University , Busan 608-737, Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Marine Bio-materials & Aquaculture, Pukyong National University , Busan 608-737, Korea
| | - Jong-Soo Lee
- Department of Seafood and Aquaculture Science, College of Marine Science, Gyeongsang National University , Tongyeong, Kyungnam 650-160, Korea
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26
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Booth V, Warschawski DE, Santisteban NP, Laadhari M, Marcotte I. Recent progress on the application of 2H solid-state NMR to probe the interaction of antimicrobial peptides with intact bacteria. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2017; 1865:1500-1511. [PMID: 28844739 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2017.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Discoveries relating to innate immunity and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) granted Bruce Beutler and Jules Hoffmann a Nobel prize in medicine in 2011, and opened up new avenues for the development of therapies against infections, and even cancers. The mechanisms by which AMPs interact with, and ultimately disrupt, bacterial cell membranes is still, to a large extent, incompletely understood. Up until recently, this mechanism was studied using model lipid membranes that failed to reproduce the complexity of molecular interactions present in real cells comprising lipids but also membrane proteins, a cell wall containing peptidoglycan or lipopolysaccharides, and other molecules. In this review, we focus on recent attempts to study, at the molecular level, the interaction between cationic AMPs and intact bacteria, by 2H solid-state NMR. Specifically-labeled lipids allow us to focus on the interaction of AMPs with the heart of the bacterial membrane, and measure the lipid order and its variation upon interaction with various peptides. We will review the important parameters to consider in such a study, and summarize the results obtained in the past 5years on various peptides, in particular aurein 1.2, caerin 1.1, MSI-78 and CA(1-8)M(1-10). This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Biophysics in Canada, edited by Lewis Kay, John Baenziger, Albert Berghuis and Peter Tieleman.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Booth
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X9, Canada; Department of Physics and Physical Oceanography, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X7, Canada
| | - Dror E Warschawski
- UMR 7099, CNRS - Université Paris Diderot, IBPC, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, F-75005 Paris, France; Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Downtown Station, Montréal H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Nury P Santisteban
- Department of Physics and Physical Oceanography, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X7, Canada
| | - Marwa Laadhari
- Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Downtown Station, Montréal H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Isabelle Marcotte
- Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Downtown Station, Montréal H3C 3P8, Canada.
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27
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The first identified cathelicidin from tree frogs possesses anti-inflammatory and partial LPS neutralization activities. Amino Acids 2017; 49:1571-1585. [PMID: 28593346 PMCID: PMC5561178 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-017-2449-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
As of February 2017, approximately 7639 amphibian species have been described in the AmphibiaWeb database. However, only 20 cathelicidin-like antimicrobial peptides have been identified to date from 10 amphibian species. Half of these peptides were identified from genome sequences and have not yet been functionally characterized. In this study, a novel cathelicidin-like peptide designated cathelicidin-PP was purified from the skin of tree frog Polypedates puerensis. Cathelicidin-PP is a 32 residue peptide of sequence ASENGKCNLLCLVKKKLRAVGNVIKTVVGKIA. Circular dichroism spectroscopy indicated that cathelicidin-PP mainly adopts a β-sheet structure in membrane-mimetic solutions. Cathelicidin-PP exhibits potent antimicrobial activity against bacteria and fungi, especially Gram-negative bacteria. Meanwhile, it shows low cytotoxicity toward mammalian cells. Scanning electron microscopy analysis indicated that cathelicidin-PP kills bacteria through the disruption of the bacterial cell membrane integrity. Furthermore, cathelicidin-PP exerts significant anti-inflammatory functions by inhibiting the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated generation of nitric oxide and pro-inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6. The MAPKs (ERK, JNK, and p38) and NF-κB signaling pathways are involved in the anti-inflammatory effect. Cathelicidin-PP caused partial neutralization of LPS in a dose-dependent manner. Quantitative PCR indicated that infection of tree frogs with bacteria causes increased expression of cathelicidin-PP in immune-related tissues. Taken together, cathelicidin-PP is the first identified cathelicidin-like peptide from tree frogs. Our findings demonstrate that in addition to direct bactericidal capacity, cathelicidin-PP also possesses immunomodulatory properties, including partial neutralization of LPS, and inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines.
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28
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Rangel M, Castro FFDS, Mota-Lima LD, Clissa PB, Martins DB, Cabrera MPDS, Mortari MR. Polydim-I antimicrobial activity against MDR bacteria and its model membrane interaction. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178785. [PMID: 28570651 PMCID: PMC5453574 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid spread of multi-drug resistant pathogens represents a serious threat to public health, considering factors such as high mortality rates, treatment restrictions and high prevalence of multi-drug resistant bacteria in the hospital environment. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) may exhibit powerful antimicrobial activity against different and diverse microorganisms, also presenting the advantage of absence or low toxicity towards animal cells. In this study, the evaluation of the antimicrobial activity against multi-drug resistant bacteria of a recently described AMP from wasp, Polydim-I, was performed. Polydim-I presented activity against standard strains (non-carriers of multi-resistant genes) that are susceptible to commercial antimicrobials, and also against multi-drug resistant strains at concentrations bellow 1μg/ml (0.41 μM). This is a rather low concentration among those reported for AMPs. At this concentration we found out that Polydim-I inhibits almost 100% of the tested pathogens growth, while with the ATCC strains the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC100) is 400 times higher. Also, in relation to in vitro activity of conventional drugs against multi-drug resistant bacteria strains, Polydim-I is almost 10 times more efficient and with broader spectrum. Cationic AMPs are known as multi-target compounds and specially for targeting the phospholipid matrix of bacterial membranes. Exploring the interactions of Polydim-I with lipid bilayers, we have confirmed that this interaction is involved in the mechanism of action. Circular dichroism experiments showed that Polydim-I undergoes a conformational transition from random coil to a mostly helical conformation in the presence of membrane mimetic environments. Zeta potential measurements confirmed the binding and partial charge neutralization of anionic asolectin vesicles, and also suggested a possible aggregation of peptide molecules. FTIR experiments confirmed that some peptide aggregation occurs, which is minimized in the presence of strongly anionic micelles of sodium dodecyl sulfate. Also, Polydim-I induced channel-like structures formation to asolectin lipid bilayers, as demonstrated in the electrophysiology experiments. We suggest that cationic Polydim-I targets the membrane lipids due to electrostatic attraction, partially accumulates, neutralizing the opposite charges and induces pore formation. Similar mechanism of action has already been suggested for other peptides from wasp venoms, especially mastoparans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Rangel
- Immunopathology Laboratory, Butantan Institute, Sao Paulo-SP, Brazil
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília-DF, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Fabíola Fernandes dos Santos Castro
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília-DF, Brazil
| | | | | | - Danubia Batista Martins
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcia Perez dos Santos Cabrera
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
- Departamento de Química e Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcia Renata Mortari
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília-DF, Brazil
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Searching for new strategies against biofilm infections: Colistin-AMP combinations against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus single- and double-species biofilms. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174654. [PMID: 28355248 PMCID: PMC5371341 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial research is being pressured to look for more effective therapeutics for the ever-growing antibiotic-resistant infections, and antimicrobial peptides (AMP) and antimicrobial combinations are promising solutions. This work evaluates colistin-AMP combinations against two major pathogens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, encompassing non- and resistant strains. Colistin (CST) combined with the AMP temporin A (TEMP-A), citropin 1.1 (CIT-1.1) and tachyplesin I linear analogue (TP-I-L) was tested against planktonic, single- and double-species biofilm cultures. Overall synergy for planktonic P. aeruginosa and synergy/additiveness for planktonic S. aureus were observed. Biofilm growth prevention was achieved with synergy and additiveness. Pre-established 24 h-old biofilms were harder to eradicate, especially for S. aureus and double-species biofilms; still, some synergy and addictiveness was observed for higher concentrations, including for the biofilms of resistant strains. Different treatment times and growth media did not greatly influence AMP activity. CST revealed low toxicity compared with the other AMP but its combinations were toxic for high concentrations. Overall, combinations reduced effective AMP concentrations, mainly in prevention scenarios. Improvement of effectiveness and toxicity of therapeutic strategies will be further investigated.
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Interaction of aurein 1.2 and its analogue with DPPC lipid bilayer. J Biol Phys 2017; 43:127-137. [PMID: 28130642 DOI: 10.1007/s10867-016-9438-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibacterial peptides have potential as novel therapeutic agents for bacterial infections. Aurein 1.2 is one of the smallest antibacterial peptides extracted from an anuran. LLAA is a more active analogue of aurein 1.2. Antibacterial peptides usually accomplish their function by interacting with bacterial membrane selectively. In this study, we tried to find the reasons for the stronger antibacterial activity of LLAA compared with aurein 1.2. For this purpose, the interaction of aurein 1.2 and LLAA with dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) was investigated by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. In addition, the structure of peptides and their antibacterial activity were investigated by circular dichroism (CD) and dilution test method, respectively. MD results showed that LLAA is more flexible compared with aurein 1.2. Furthermore, LLAA loses its structure more than aurein 1.2 in the DPPC bilayer. A higher amount of water molecules penetrate into bilayer in the presence of LLAA relative to aurein 1.2. According to the antibacterial result that indicated LLAA is remarkably more active than aurein 1.2, it can be concluded that flexibility of the peptide is a determining factor in antibacterial activity. Probably, flexibility of the peptides facilitates formation of effective pores in the lipid bilayer.
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Laadhari M, Arnold AA, Gravel AE, Separovic F, Marcotte I. Interaction of the antimicrobial peptides caerin 1.1 and aurein 1.2 with intact bacteria by 2 H solid-state NMR. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2016; 1858:2959-2964. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2016.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Dennison SR, Morton LH, Harris F, Phoenix DA. Low pH Enhances the Action of Maximin H5 against Staphylococcus aureus and Helps Mediate Lysylated Phosphatidylglycerol-Induced Resistance. Biochemistry 2016; 55:3735-51. [PMID: 27336672 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.6b00101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Maximin H5 (MH5) is an amphibian antimicrobial peptide specifically targeting Staphylococcus aureus. At pH 6, the peptide showed an improved ability to penetrate (ΔΠ = 6.2 mN m(-1)) and lyse (lysis = 48%) Staphylococcus aureus membrane mimics, which incorporated physiological levels of lysylated phosphatidylglycerol (Lys-PG, 60%), compared to that at pH 7 (ΔΠ = 5.6 mN m(-1) and lysis = 40% at pH 7) where levels of Lys-PG are lower (40%). The peptide therefore appears to have optimal function at pH levels known to be optimal for the organism's growth. MH5 killed S. aureus (minimum inhibitory concentration of 90 μM) via membranolytic mechanisms that involved the stabilization of α-helical structure (approximately 45-50%) and showed similarities to the "Carpet" mechanism based on its ability to increase the rigidity (Cs(-1) = 109.94 mN m(-1)) and thermodynamic stability (ΔGmix = -3.0) of physiologically relevant S. aureus membrane mimics at pH 6. On the basis of theoretical analysis, this mechanism might involve the use of a tilted peptide structure, and efficacy was noted to vary inversely with the Lys-PG content of S. aureus membrane mimics for each pH studied (R(2) ∼ 0.97), which led to the suggestion that under biologically relevant conditions, low pH helps mediate Lys-PG-induced resistance in S. aureus to MH5 antibacterial action. The peptide showed a lack of hemolytic activity (<2% hemolysis) and merits further investigation as a potential template for development as an antistaphylococcal agent in medically and biotechnically relevant areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah R Dennison
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire , Preston PR1 2HE, U.K
| | - Leslie Hg Morton
- School of Forensic and Investigative Science, University of Central Lancashire , Preston PR1 2HE, U.K
| | - Frederick Harris
- School of Forensic and Investigative Science, University of Central Lancashire , Preston PR1 2HE, U.K
| | - David A Phoenix
- School of Applied Science, London South Bank University , 103 Borough Road, London SE1 0AA, U.K
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Structural Studies of a Lipid-Binding Peptide from Tunicate Hemocytes with Anti-Biofilm Activity. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27128. [PMID: 27292548 PMCID: PMC4904370 DOI: 10.1038/srep27128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Clavanins is a class of peptides (23aa) histidine-rich, free of post-translational modifications. Clavanins have been studied largely for their ability to disrupt bacterial membranes. In the present study, the interaction of clavanin A with membranes was assessed by dynamic light scattering, zeta potential and permeabilization assays. We observed through those assays that clavanin A lysis bacterial cells at concentrations corresponding to its MIC. Further, the structure and function of clavanin A was investigated. To better understand how clavanin interacted with bacteria, its NMR structure was elucidated. The solution state NMR structure of clavanin A in the presence of TFE-d3 indicated an α-helical conformation. Secondary structures, based on circular dichroism measurements in anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and TFE (2,2,2-trifluorethanol), in silico lipid-peptide docking and molecular simulations with lipids DPPC and DOPC revealed that clavanin A can adopt a variety of folds, possibly influencing its different functions. Microcalorimetry assays revealed that clavanin A was capable of discriminating between different lipids. Finally, clavanin A was found to eradicate bacterial biofilms representing a previously unrecognized function.
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Mularski A, Wilksch JJ, Hanssen E, Strugnell RA, Separovic F. Atomic force microscopy of bacteria reveals the mechanobiology of pore forming peptide action. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2016; 1858:1091-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Shahmiri M, Enciso M, Mechler A. Controls and constrains of the membrane disrupting action of Aurein 1.2. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16378. [PMID: 26574052 PMCID: PMC4648102 DOI: 10.1038/srep16378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aurein 1.2 is a 13 residue antimicrobial peptide secreted by the Australian tree frog Litoria Aurea. It is a surface-acting membrane disrupting peptide that permeabilizes bacterial membranes via the carpet mechanism; the molecular details of this process are mostly unknown. Here the mechanism of action of Aurein 1.2 was investigated with an emphasis on the role of membrane charge and C-terminal amidation of the peptide. Using quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) fingerprinting it was found that the membrane charge correlates with membrane affinity of the peptide, however the binding and the membrane disrupting processes are not charge driven; increased membrane charge reduces the membrane disrupting activity. Coarse grain simulations revealed that phenylalanine residues act as membrane anchors. Accordingly Aurein 1.2 has the ability to bind to any membrane. Furthermore, bundling precludes membrane disruption in case of wild type peptides, while non C-terminal amidated peptides form random aggregates leading to detachment from the membrane. Hence C-terminal amidation is crucial for Aurein 1.2 action. Our results suggest that Aurein 1.2 acts via aggregation driven membrane penetration. The concomitant change in the tension of the outer leaflet imposes a spontaneous curvature on the membrane, leading to disintegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Shahmiri
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora Vic 3086, Australia
| | - Marta Enciso
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora Vic 3086, Australia
| | - Adam Mechler
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora Vic 3086, Australia
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Sani MA, Lee TH, Aguilar MI, Separovic F. Proline-15 creates an amphipathic wedge in maculatin 1.1 peptides that drives lipid membrane disruption. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2015; 1848:2277-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2015.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Revised: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Sani MA, Separovic F. Progression of NMR studies of membrane-active peptides from lipid bilayers to live cells. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2015; 253:138-142. [PMID: 25631783 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2014.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the structure of membrane-active peptides faces many challenges associated with the development of appropriate model membrane systems as the peptide structure depends strongly on the lipid environment. This perspective provides a brief overview of the approach taken to study antimicrobial and amyloid peptides in phospholipid bilayers using oriented bilayers and magic angle spinning techniques. In particular, Boltzmann statistics REDOR and maximum entropy analysis of spinning side bands are used to analyse systems where multiple states of peptide or lipid molecules may co-exist. We propose that in future, rather than model membranes, structural studies in whole cells are feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-A Sani
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - F Separovic
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
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Kumar P, Shenoi RA, Lai BFL, Nguyen M, Kizhakkedathu JN, Straus SK. Conjugation of Aurein 2.2 to HPG Yields an Antimicrobial with Better Properties. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:913-23. [DOI: 10.1021/bm5018244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Kumar
- Department
of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Rajesh A. Shenoi
- Centre
for Blood Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Life Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Benjamin F. L. Lai
- Centre
for Blood Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Life Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Michael Nguyen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Jayachandran N. Kizhakkedathu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Centre
for Blood Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Life Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Suzana K. Straus
- Department
of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
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Goyal RK, Mattoo AK. Multitasking antimicrobial peptides in plant development and host defense against biotic/abiotic stress. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2014; 228:135-49. [PMID: 25438794 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2014.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Crop losses due to pathogens are a major threat to global food security. Plants employ a multilayer defense against a pathogen including the use of physical barriers (cell wall), induction of hypersensitive defense response (HR), resistance (R) proteins, and synthesis of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Unlike a complex R gene-mediated immunity, AMPs directly target diverse microbial pathogens. Many a times, R-mediated immunity breaks down and plant defense is compromised. Although R-gene dependent pathogen resistance has been well studied, comparatively little is known about the interactions of AMPs with host defense and physiology. AMPs are ubiquitous, low molecular weight peptides that display broad spectrum resistance against bacteria, fungi and viruses. In plants, AMPs are mainly classified into cyclotides, defensins, thionins, lipid transfer proteins, snakins, and hevein-like vicilin-like and knottins. Genetic distance lineages suggest their conservation with minimal effect of speciation events during evolution. AMPs provide durable resistance in plants through a combination of membrane lysis and cellular toxicity of the pathogen. Plant hormones - gibberellins, ethylene, jasmonates, and salicylic acid, are among the physiological regulators that regulate the expression of AMPs. Transgenically produced AMP-plants have become a means showing that AMPs are able to mitigate host defense responses while providing durable resistance against pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Autar K Mattoo
- Sustainable Agricultural Systems Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, ARS's Henry A. Wallace Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA.
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Bandyopadhyay S, Ng BY, Chong C, Lim MZ, Gill SK, Lee KH, Sivaraman J, Chatterjee C. Micelle bound structure and DNA interaction of brevinin-2-related peptide, an antimicrobial peptide derived from frog skin. J Pept Sci 2014; 20:811-21. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.2673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Revised: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Boon Yee Ng
- School of Applied Science; Republic Polytechnic; Singapore
| | | | - Ming Zhen Lim
- School of Applied Science; Republic Polytechnic; Singapore
| | | | - Ke Hui Lee
- School of Applied Science; Republic Polytechnic; Singapore
| | - J Sivaraman
- Department of Biological Sciences; National University of Singapore; Singapore
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The interaction of aurein 2.5 with fungal membranes. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2014; 43:255-64. [PMID: 24728560 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-014-0959-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Revised: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Aurein 2.5 (GLFDIVKKVVGAFGSL-NH2) is an antimicrobial peptide, which was seen to have activity against Stachybotris chartarum, Penicillium roseopurpureum and Aspergillus flavus with minimum fungicidal concentrations in the range 250-500 μM. S. chartarum showed enhanced susceptibility to lysis as compared to P. roseopurpureum and A. flavus, (44, 26 and 28 % respectively). Monolayers formed from lipid membrane extracts derived from S. chartarum, P. roseopurpureum and A. flavus showed maximal surface pressure changes of 13.5, 10.3 and 10.2 mN m(-1) respectively. However, aurein 2.5 adopted similar levels of α-helical structure (circa 45 %) in the presence of vesicles formed from membrane lipid extracts derived from all three fungi. These data imply that differential activity is not due to targeting and membrane association but linked to the ability of the bound peptide to lyse the cells. At sterol levels mimetic of eukaryotic systems, high levels of α-helical structure (circa 50 %) were also observed and hence similar binding. However, enhanced sterol levels (>0.6) led to a reduction in monolayer membrane interaction, suggesting that the sterols influence efficacy. Consistent with this suggestion, thermodynamic analysis showed that the peptide was able to destabilise model fungal monolayers, as indicated by negative values of ∆Gmix.
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Bagatolli LA, Needham D. Quantitative optical microscopy and micromanipulation studies on the lipid bilayer membranes of giant unilamellar vesicles. Chem Phys Lipids 2014; 181:99-120. [PMID: 24632023 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2014.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
This manuscript discusses basic methodological aspects of optical microscopy and micromanipulation methods to study membranes and reviews methods to generate giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs). In particular, we focus on the use of fluorescence microscopy and micropipet manipulation techniques to study composition-structure-property materials relationships of free-standing lipid bilayer membranes. Because their size (∼5-100 μm diameter) that is well above the resolution limit of regular light microscopes, GUVs are suitable membrane models for optical microscopy and micromanipulation experimentation. For instance, using different fluorescent reporters, fluorescence microscopy allows strategies to study membrane lateral structure/dynamics at the level of single vesicles of diverse compositions. The micropipet manipulation technique on the other hand, uses Hoffman modulation contrast microscopy and allows studies on the mechanical, thermal, molecular exchange and adhesive-interactive properties of compositionally different membranes under controlled environmental conditions. The goal of this review is to (i) provide a historical perspective for both techniques; (ii) present and discuss some of their most important contributions to our understanding of lipid bilayer membranes; and (iii) outline studies that would utilize both techniques simultaneously on the same vesicle thus bringing the ability to characterize structure and strain responses together with the direct application of well-defined stresses to a single membrane or observe the effects of adhesive spreading. Knowledge gained by these studies has informed several applications of lipid membranes including their use as lung surfactants and drug delivery systems for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A Bagatolli
- Membrane Biophysics and Biophotonics Group/MEMPHYS - Center for Biomembrane Physics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - David Needham
- DNRF Niels Bohr Professorship, Center for Single Particle Science and Engineering, Institute for Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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Fernandez DI, Sani MA, Miles AJ, Wallace B, Separovic F. Membrane defects enhance the interaction of antimicrobial peptides, aurein 1.2 versus caerin 1.1. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2013; 1828:1863-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2013.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2013] [Revised: 03/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Fernandez D, Lee TH, Sani MA, Aguilar MI, Separovic F. Proline facilitates membrane insertion of the antimicrobial peptide maculatin 1.1 via surface indentation and subsequent lipid disordering. Biophys J 2013; 104:1495-507. [PMID: 23561526 PMCID: PMC3617439 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2013.01.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2012] [Revised: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of proline in the disruption of membrane bilayer structure upon antimicrobial peptide (AMP) binding was studied. Specifically, (31)P and (2)H solid-state NMR and dual polarization interferometry (DPI) were used to analyze the membrane interactions of three AMPs: maculatin 1.1 and two analogs in which Pro-15 is replaced by Gly and Ala. For NMR, deuterated dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (d54-DMPC) and d54-DMPC/dimyristoylphosphatidylglycerol (DMPG) were used to mimic eukaryotic and prokaryotic membranes, respectively. In fluid-phase DMPC bilayer systems, the peptides interacted primarily with the bilayer surface, with the native peptide having the strongest interaction. In the mixed DMPC/DMPG bilayers, maculatin 1.1 induced DMPG phase separation, whereas the analogs promoted the formation of isotropic and lipid-enriched phases with an enhanced effect relative to the neutral DMPC bilayers. In gel-phase DMPC vesicles, the native peptide disrupted the bilayer via a surface mechanism, and the effect of the analogs was similar to that observed in the fluid phase. Real-time changes in bilayer order were examined via DPI, with changes in bilayer birefringence analyzed as a function of the peptide mass bound to the bilayer. Although all three peptides decreased the bilayer order as a function of bound concentration, maculatin 1.1 caused the largest change in bilayer structure. The NMR data indicate that maculatin 1.1 binds predominantly at the surface regions of the bilayer, and both NMR and DPI results indicate that this binding leads to a drop in bilayer order. Overall, the results demonstrate that the proline at residue 15 plays a central role in the membrane interaction of maculatin 1.1 by inducing a significant change in membrane order and affecting the ability of the bilayer to recover from structural changes induced by the binding and insertion of the peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- David I. Fernandez
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tzong-Hsien Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marc-Antoine Sani
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marie-Isabel Aguilar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Frances Separovic
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) provide a primordial source of immunity, conferring upon eukaryotic cells resistance against bacteria, protozoa, and viruses. Despite a few examples of anionic peptides, AMPs are usually relatively short positively charged polypeptides, consisting of a dozen to about a hundred amino acids, and exhibiting amphipathic character. Despite significant differences in their primary and secondary structures, all AMPs discovered to date share the ability to interact with cellular membranes, thereby affecting bilayer stability, disrupting membrane organization, and/or forming well-defined pores. AMPs selectively target infectious agents without being susceptible to any of the common pathways by which these acquire resistance, thereby making AMPs prime candidates to provide therapeutic alternatives to conventional drugs. However, the mechanisms of AMP actions are still a matter of intense debate. The structure-function paradigm suggests that a better understanding of how AMPs elicit their biological functions could result from atomic resolution studies of peptide-lipid interactions. In contrast, more strict thermodynamic views preclude any roles for three-dimensional structures. Indeed, the design of selective AMPs based solely on structural parameters has been challenging. In this chapter, we will focus on selected AMPs for which studies on the corresponding AMP-lipid interactions have helped reach an understanding of how AMP effects are mediated. We will emphasize the roles of both liquid- and solid-state NMR spectroscopy for elucidating the mechanisms of action of AMPs.
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Abstract
The time and length scales accessible by biomolecular simulations continue to increase. This is in part due to improvements in algorithms and computing performance, but is also the result of the emergence of coarse-grained (CG) potentials, which complement and extend the information obtainable from fully detailed models. CG methods have already proven successful for a range of applications that benefit from the ability to rapidly simulate spontaneous self-assembly within a lipid membrane environment, including the insertion and/or oligomerization of a range of "toy models," transmembrane peptides, and single- and multi-domain proteins. While these simplified approaches sacrifice atomistic level detail, it is now straightforward to "reverse map" from CG to atomistic descriptions, providing a strategy to assemble membrane proteins within a lipid environment, prior to all-atom simulation. Moreover, recent developments have been made in "dual resolution" techniques, allowing different molecules in the system to be modeled with atomistic or CG resolution simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syma Khalid
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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47
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Fernandez DI, Le Brun AP, Whitwell TC, Sani MA, James M, Separovic F. The antimicrobial peptide aurein 1.2 disrupts model membranes via the carpet mechanism. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:15739-51. [PMID: 23093307 DOI: 10.1039/c2cp43099a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The membrane interactions of the antimicrobial peptide aurein 1.2 were studied using a range of biophysical techniques to determine the location and the mechanism of action in DMPC (dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine) and DMPC/DMPG (dimyristoylphosphatidylglycerol) model membranes that mimic characteristics of eukaryotic and prokaryotic membranes, respectively. Neutron reflectometry and solid-state NMR revealed subtle changes in membrane structure caused by the peptide. Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation, vesicle dye leakage and atomic force microscopy measurements were used to investigate the global mode of peptide interaction. Aurein 1.2 displayed an enhanced interaction with the anionic DMPC/DMPG membrane while exhibiting primarily a surface interaction with both types of model membranes, which led to bilayer disruption and membrane lysis. The antimicrobial peptide interaction is consistent with the carpet mechanism for aurein 1.2 with discrete structural changes depending on the type of phospholipid membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- David I Fernandez
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
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48
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Bowie JH, Separovic F, Tyler MJ. Host-defense peptides of Australian anurans. Part 2. Structure, activity, mechanism of action, and evolutionary significance. Peptides 2012; 37:174-88. [PMID: 22771617 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2012.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2012] [Revised: 06/26/2012] [Accepted: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A previous review summarized research prior to 2004 carried out on the bioactive host-defense peptides contained in the skin secretions of Australian anurans (frogs and toads). This review covers the extension of that research from 2004 to 2012, and includes membrane-active peptides (including antibacterial, anticancer, antifungal and antiviral peptides) together with the mechanisms by which these peptides interact with model membranes, peptides that may be classified as "neuropeptides" (including smooth muscle active peptides, opioids and immunomodulators) and peptides which inhibit the formation of nitric oxide from neuronal nitric oxide synthase. The review discusses the outcome of cDNA sequencing of signal-spacer-active peptides from an evolutionary viewpoint, and also lists those peptides for which activities have not been found to this time.
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Affiliation(s)
- John H Bowie
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Physics, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia.
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49
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Structural effects of the antimicrobial peptide maculatin 1.1 on supported lipid bilayers. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2012; 42:47-59. [DOI: 10.1007/s00249-012-0796-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2011] [Revised: 01/25/2012] [Accepted: 02/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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50
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Rahnamaeian M. Antimicrobial peptides: modes of mechanism, modulation of defense responses. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2011; 6:1325-32. [PMID: 21847025 PMCID: PMC3258061 DOI: 10.4161/psb.6.9.16319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2011] [Revised: 05/21/2011] [Accepted: 05/23/2011] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Complicated schemes of classical breeding and their drawbacks, environmental risks imposed by agrochemicals, decrease of arable land, and coincident escalating damages of pests and pathogens have accentuated the necessity for highly efficient measures to improve crop protection. During co-evolution of host-microbe interactions, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have exhibited a brilliant history in protecting host organisms against devastation by invading pathogens. Since the 1980s, a plethora of AMPs has been isolated from and characterized in different organisms. Nevertheless the AMPs expressed in plants render them more resistant to diverse pathogens, a more orchestrated approach based on knowledge of their mechanisms of action and cellular targets, structural toxic principle, and possible impact on immune system of corresponding transgenic plants will considerably improve crop protection strategies against harmful plant diseases. This review outlines the current knowledge on different modes of action of AMPs and then argues the waves of AMPs’ ectopic expression on transgenic plants’ immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rahnamaeian
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University, Kerman, Iran.
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