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Placidi G, Mattu C, Ciardelli G, Campa CC. Small molecules targeting endocytic uptake and recycling pathways. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1125801. [PMID: 36968200 PMCID: PMC10036367 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1125801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past years a growing number of studies highlighted the pivotal role of intracellular trafficking in cell physiology. Among the distinct transport itineraries connecting the endocytic system, both internalization (endocytosis) and recycling (endocytic recycling) pathways were found fundamental to ensure cellular sensing, cell-to-cell communication, cellular division, and collective cell migration in tissue specific-contexts. Consistently, the dysregulation of endocytic trafficking pathways is correlated with several human diseases including both cancers and neurodegeneration. Aimed at suppress specific intracellular trafficking routes involved in disease onset and progression, huge efforts have been made to identify small molecule inhibitors with suitable pharmacological properties for in vivo administration. Here, we review most used drugs and recently discovered small molecules able to block endocytosis and endocytic recycling pathways. We characterize such pharmacological inhibitors by emphasizing their target specificity, molecular affinity, biological activity and efficacy in both in vitro and in vivo experimental models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giampaolo Placidi
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Candiolo, Italy
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Clara Mattu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Gianluca Ciardelli
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
- Chemical-Physical Processes, National Research Council (CNR-IPCF), Pisa, Italy
| | - Carlo C. Campa
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Candiolo, Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
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Fujimura R, Asada A, Aizawa M, Kazama I. Cetirizine more potently exerts mast cell-stabilizing property than diphenhydramine. Drug Discov Ther 2022; 16:245-250. [DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2022.01067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ririka Fujimura
- Miyagi University, School of Nursing, Taiwa-cho, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Ayano Asada
- Miyagi University, School of Nursing, Taiwa-cho, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Misato Aizawa
- Miyagi University, School of Nursing, Taiwa-cho, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Itsuro Kazama
- Miyagi University, School of Nursing, Taiwa-cho, Miyagi, Japan
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Abe N, Toyama H, Ejima Y, Saito K, Tamada T, Yamauchi M, Kazama I. α 1-Adrenergic Receptor Blockade by Prazosin Synergistically Stabilizes Rat Peritoneal Mast Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:3214186. [PMID: 32461978 PMCID: PMC7243011 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3214186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adrenaline quickly inhibits the release of histamine from mast cells. Besides β 2-adrenergic receptors, several in vitro studies also indicate the involvement of α-adrenergic receptors in the process of exocytosis. Since exocytosis in mast cells can be detected electrophysiologically by the changes in the membrane capacitance (Cm), its continuous monitoring in the presence of drugs would determine their mast cell-stabilizing properties. METHODS Employing the whole-cell patch-clamp technique in rat peritoneal mast cells, we examined the effects of adrenaline on the degranulation of mast cells and the increase in the Cm during exocytosis. We also examined the degranulation of mast cells in the presence or absence of α-adrenergic receptor agonists or antagonists. RESULTS Adrenaline dose-dependently suppressed the GTP-γ-S-induced increase in the Cm and inhibited the degranulation from mast cells, which was almost completely erased in the presence of butoxamine, a β 2-adrenergic receptor antagonist. Among α-adrenergic receptor agonists or antagonists, high-dose prazosin, a selective α 1-adrenergic receptor antagonist, significantly reduced the ratio of degranulating mast cells and suppressed the increase in the Cm. Additionally, prazosin augmented the inhibitory effects of adrenaline on the degranulation of mast cells. CONCLUSIONS This study provided electrophysiological evidence for the first time that adrenaline dose-dependently inhibited the process of exocytosis, confirming its usefulness as a potent mast cell stabilizer. The pharmacological blockade of α 1-adrenergic receptor by prazosin synergistically potentiated such mast cell-stabilizing property of adrenaline, which is primarily mediated by β 2-adrenergic receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nozomu Abe
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tohoku University Hospital, Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Toyama
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tohoku University Hospital, Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yutaka Ejima
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tohoku University Hospital, Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kazutomo Saito
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tohoku University Hospital, Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Tamada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Masanori Yamauchi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tohoku University Hospital, Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Itsuro Kazama
- Miyagi University, School of Nursing, Gakuen, Taiwa-cho, Kurokawa-gun, Miyagi, Japan
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Abe N, Toyama H, Saito K, Ejima Y, Yamauchi M, Mushiake H, Kazama I. Delayed Rectifier K +-Channel Is a Novel Therapeutic Target for Interstitial Renal Fibrosis in Rats with Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:7567638. [PMID: 31828127 PMCID: PMC6885154 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7567638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Delayed rectifier K+-channel, Kv1.3, is most predominantly expressed in T-lymphocytes and macrophages. In such leukocytes, Kv1.3-channels play pivotal roles in the activation and proliferation of cells, promoting cellular immunity. Since leukocyte-derived cytokines stimulate fibroblasts to produce collagen fibers in inflamed kidneys, Kv1.3-channels expressed in leukocytes would contribute to the progression of tubulointerstitial renal fibrosis. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats that underwent unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) were used at 1, 2, or 3 weeks after the operation. We examined the histological features of the kidneys and the leukocyte expression of Kv1.3-channels. We also examined the therapeutic effects of a selective channel inhibitor, margatoxin, on the progression of renal fibrosis and the proliferation of leukocytes within the cortical interstitium. RESULTS In rat kidneys with UUO, progression of renal fibrosis and the infiltration of leukocytes became most prominent at 3 weeks after the operation, when Kv1.3-channels were overexpressed in proliferating leukocytes. In the cortical interstitium of margatoxin-treated UUO rat kidneys, immunohistochemistry revealed reduced expression of fibrosis markers. Additionally, margatoxin significantly decreased the numbers of leukocytes and suppressed their proliferation. CONCLUSIONS This study clearly demonstrated that the numbers of T-lymphocytes and macrophages were markedly increased in UUO rat kidneys with longer postobstructive days. The overexpression of Kv1.3-channels in leukocytes was thought to be responsible for the proliferation of these cells and the progression of renal fibrosis. This study strongly suggested the therapeutic usefulness of targeting lymphocyte Kv1.3-channels in the treatment of renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nozomu Abe
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tohoku University Hospital, Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Toyama
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tohoku University Hospital, Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kazutomo Saito
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tohoku University Hospital, Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yutaka Ejima
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tohoku University Hospital, Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Masanori Yamauchi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tohoku University Hospital, Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hajime Mushiake
- Department of Physiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Itsuro Kazama
- Department of Physiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Miyagi University, School of Nursing, Gakuen, Taiwa-cho, Kurokawa-gun, Miyagi, Japan
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Vashishat R, Sanan R, Ray D, Aswal VK, Mahajan RK. Biamphiphilic Ionic Liquids-Drug Mixtures: Interactional and Morphological Aspects. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201801296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajni Vashishat
- Department of Chemistry; UGC-Centre for Advanced Studied; Guru Nanak Dev University; Amritsar - 143005 India
| | - Reshu Sanan
- Department of Chemistry; Punjab Technical University; Kapurthala - 144601 India
| | - Debes Ray
- Solid State Physics Division; Bhabha Atomic Research Centre; Mumbai 400085 India
| | - Vinod Kumar Aswal
- Solid State Physics Division; Bhabha Atomic Research Centre; Mumbai 400085 India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Mahajan
- Department of Chemistry; UGC-Centre for Advanced Studied; Guru Nanak Dev University; Amritsar - 143005 India
- Vice Chancellor; DAV University; Jalandhar - 144001 India
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Mori T, Abe N, Saito K, Toyama H, Endo Y, Ejima Y, Yamauchi M, Goto M, Mushiake H, Kazama I. Hydrocortisone and dexamethasone dose-dependently stabilize mast cells derived from rat peritoneum. Pharmacol Rep 2016; 68:1358-1365. [PMID: 27710865 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Besides their anti-inflammatory properties, corticosteroid drugs exert anti-allergic effects. Exocytosis of mast cells is electrophysiologically detected as the increase in the whole-cell membrane capacitance (Cm). Therefore, the lack of such increase after exposure to the drugs suggests their mast cell-stabilizing effects. METHODS We examined the effects of 1, 10, 100 and 200μM hydrocortisone or dexamethasone on the degranulation from rat peritoneal mast cells. Employing the whole-cell patch-clamp recording technique, we also tested their effects on the Cm during exocytosis. RESULTS At relatively lower concentrations (1, 10μM), both hydrocortisone and dexamethasone did not significantly affect the degranulation from mast cells and the increase in the Cm induced by GTP-γ-S. Nevertheless, at higher doses (100, 200μM), these drugs inhibited the degranulation from mast cells and markedly suppressed the GTP-γ-S-induced increase in the Cm. CONCLUSIONS Our results provided electrophysiological evidence for the first time that corticosteroid drugs, such as hydrocortisone and dexamethasone, inhibited the exocytotic process of mast cells in a dose-dependent manner. The mast cell-stabilizing effects of these drugs may be attributable to their "non-genomic" action, by which they exert rapid anti-allergic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Mori
- Department of Physiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Nozomu Abe
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tohoku University Hospital Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kazutomo Saito
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tohoku University Hospital Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Toyama
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tohoku University Hospital Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Endo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tohoku University Hospital Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yutaka Ejima
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tohoku University Hospital Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Masanori Yamauchi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tohoku University Hospital Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Mariko Goto
- Department of Physiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hajime Mushiake
- Department of Physiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Itsuro Kazama
- Department of Physiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
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Kazama I, Saito K, Baba A, Mori T, Abe N, Endo Y, Toyama H, Ejima Y, Matsubara M, Yamauchi M. Clarithromycin Dose-Dependently Stabilizes Rat Peritoneal Mast Cells. Chemotherapy 2016; 61:295-303. [PMID: 27088971 DOI: 10.1159/000445023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrolides, such as clarithromycin, have antiallergic properties. Since exocytosis in mast cells is detected electrophysiologically via changes in membrane capacitance (Cm), the absence of such changes due to the drug indicates its mast cell-stabilizing effect. METHODS Employing the whole-cell patch clamp technique in rat peritoneal mast cells, we examined the effects of clarithromycin on Cm during exocytosis. Using a water-soluble fluorescent dye, we also examined its effect on deformation of the plasma membrane. RESULTS Clarithromycin (10 and 100 μM) significantly inhibited degranulation from mast cells and almost totally suppressed the GTP-x03B3;-S-induced increase in Cm. It washed out the trapping of the dye on the surface of mast cells. CONCLUSIONS This study provides for the first time electrophysiological evidence that clarithromycin dose-dependently inhibits the process of exocytosis. The mast cell-stabilizing action of clarithromycin may be attributable to its counteractive effect on plasma membrane deformation induced by exocytosis.
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