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Kasprzycka W, Trębińska-Stryjewska A, Lewandowski RB, Stępińska M, Osuchowska PN, Dobrzyńska M, Achour Y, Osuchowski ŁP, Starzyński J, Mierczyk Z, Trafny EA. Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Field Only Transiently Affects the Cellular and Molecular Processes of Leydig Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011236. [PMID: 34681896 PMCID: PMC8541366 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to verify whether the nanosecond pulsed electric field, not eliciting thermal effects, permanently changes the molecular processes and gene expression of Leydig TM3 cells. The cells were exposed to a moderate electric field (80 quasi-rectangular shape pulses, 60 ns pulse width, and an electric field of 14 kV/cm). The putative disturbances were recorded over 24 h. After exposure to the nanosecond pulsed electric field, a 19% increase in cell diameter, a loss of microvilli, and a 70% reduction in cell adhesion were observed. Some cells showed the nonapoptotic externalization of phosphatidylserine through the pores in the plasma membrane. The cell proportion in the subG1 phase increased by 8% at the expense of the S and G2/M phases, and the DNA was fragmented in a small proportion of the cells. The membrane mitochondrial potential and superoxide content decreased by 37% and 23%, respectively. Microarray’s transcriptome analysis demonstrated a negative transient effect on the expression of genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation, DNA repair, cell proliferation, and the overexpression of plasma membrane proteins. We conclude that nanosecond pulsed electric field affected the physiology and gene expression of TM3 cells transiently, with a noticeable heterogeneity of cellular responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiktoria Kasprzycka
- Biomedical Engineering Centre, Institute of Optoelectronics, Military University of Technology, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland; (W.K.); (A.T.-S.); (R.B.L.); (M.S.); (P.N.O.); (M.D.); (Ł.P.O.); (Z.M.)
| | - Alicja Trębińska-Stryjewska
- Biomedical Engineering Centre, Institute of Optoelectronics, Military University of Technology, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland; (W.K.); (A.T.-S.); (R.B.L.); (M.S.); (P.N.O.); (M.D.); (Ł.P.O.); (Z.M.)
| | - Rafał Bogdan Lewandowski
- Biomedical Engineering Centre, Institute of Optoelectronics, Military University of Technology, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland; (W.K.); (A.T.-S.); (R.B.L.); (M.S.); (P.N.O.); (M.D.); (Ł.P.O.); (Z.M.)
| | - Małgorzata Stępińska
- Biomedical Engineering Centre, Institute of Optoelectronics, Military University of Technology, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland; (W.K.); (A.T.-S.); (R.B.L.); (M.S.); (P.N.O.); (M.D.); (Ł.P.O.); (Z.M.)
| | - Paulina Natalia Osuchowska
- Biomedical Engineering Centre, Institute of Optoelectronics, Military University of Technology, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland; (W.K.); (A.T.-S.); (R.B.L.); (M.S.); (P.N.O.); (M.D.); (Ł.P.O.); (Z.M.)
| | - Monika Dobrzyńska
- Biomedical Engineering Centre, Institute of Optoelectronics, Military University of Technology, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland; (W.K.); (A.T.-S.); (R.B.L.); (M.S.); (P.N.O.); (M.D.); (Ł.P.O.); (Z.M.)
| | - Yahia Achour
- Faculty of Electronics, Military University of Technology, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland; (Y.A.); (J.S.)
| | - Łukasz Paweł Osuchowski
- Biomedical Engineering Centre, Institute of Optoelectronics, Military University of Technology, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland; (W.K.); (A.T.-S.); (R.B.L.); (M.S.); (P.N.O.); (M.D.); (Ł.P.O.); (Z.M.)
| | - Jacek Starzyński
- Faculty of Electronics, Military University of Technology, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland; (Y.A.); (J.S.)
| | - Zygmunt Mierczyk
- Biomedical Engineering Centre, Institute of Optoelectronics, Military University of Technology, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland; (W.K.); (A.T.-S.); (R.B.L.); (M.S.); (P.N.O.); (M.D.); (Ł.P.O.); (Z.M.)
| | - Elżbieta Anna Trafny
- Biomedical Engineering Centre, Institute of Optoelectronics, Military University of Technology, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland; (W.K.); (A.T.-S.); (R.B.L.); (M.S.); (P.N.O.); (M.D.); (Ł.P.O.); (Z.M.)
- Correspondence:
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Mhambi S, Fisher D, Tchokonte MBT, Dube A. Permeation Challenges of Drugs for Treatment of Neurological Tuberculosis and HIV and the Application of Magneto-Electric Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Systems. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1479. [PMID: 34575555 PMCID: PMC8466684 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The anatomical structure of the brain at the blood-brain barrier (BBB) creates a limitation for the movement of drugs into the central nervous system (CNS). Drug delivery facilitated by magneto-electric nanoparticles (MENs) is a relatively new non-invasive approach for the delivery of drugs into the CNS. These nanoparticles (NPs) can create localized transient changes in the permeability of the cells of the BBB by inducing electroporation. MENs can be applied to deliver antiretrovirals and antibiotics towards the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) infections in the CNS. This review focuses on the drug permeation challenges and reviews the application of MENs for drug delivery for these diseases. We conclude that MENs are promising systems for effective CNS drug delivery and treatment for these diseases, however, further pre-clinical and clinical studies are required to achieve translation of this approach to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinaye Mhambi
- Discipline of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7535, South Africa;
| | - David Fisher
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7535, South Africa;
| | | | - Admire Dube
- Discipline of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7535, South Africa;
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3
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Staufer O, Weber S, Bengtson CP, Bading H, Rustom A, Spatz JP. Adhesion Stabilized en Masse Intracellular Electrical Recordings from Multicellular Assemblies. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:3244-3255. [PMID: 30950627 PMCID: PMC6727598 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b00784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Coordinated collective electrochemical signals in multicellular assemblies, such as ion fluxes, membrane potentials, electrical gradients, and steady electric fields, play an important role in cell and tissue spatial organization during many physiological processes like wound healing, inflammatory responses, and hormone release. This mass of electric actions cumulates in an en masse activity within cell collectives which cannot be deduced from considerations at the individual cell level. However, continuously sampling en masse collective electrochemical actions of the global electrochemical activity of large-scale electrically coupled cellular assemblies with intracellular resolution over long time periods has been impeded by a lack of appropriate recording techniques. Here we present a bioelectrical interface consisting of low impedance vertical gold nanoelectrode interfaces able to penetrate the cellular membrane in the course of cellular adhesion, thereby allowing en masse recordings of intracellular electrochemical potentials that transverse electrically coupled NRK fibroblast, C2C12 myotube assemblies, and SH-SY5Y neuronal networks of more than 200,000 cells. We found that the intracellular electrical access of the nanoelectrodes correlates with substrate adhesion dynamics and that penetration, stabilization, and sealing of the electrode-cell interface involves recruitment of surrounding focal adhesion complexes and the anchoring of actin bundles, which form a caulking at the electrode base. Intracellular recordings were stable for several days, and monitoring of both basal activity as well as pharmacologically altered electric signals with high signal-to-noise ratios and excellent electrode coupling was performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oskar Staufer
- Department
for Cellular Biophysics, Max Planck Institute
for Medical Research, Jahnstraße 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute
for Physical Chemistry, Department for Biophysical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Weber
- Department
for Cellular Biophysics, Max Planck Institute
for Medical Research, Jahnstraße 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute
for Physical Chemistry, Department for Biophysical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C. Peter Bengtson
- Department
of Neurobiology, Interdisciplinary Center
for Neurosciences, Im
Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hilmar Bading
- Department
of Neurobiology, Interdisciplinary Center
for Neurosciences, Im
Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Amin Rustom
- Department
of Neurobiology, Interdisciplinary Center
for Neurosciences, Im
Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joachim P. Spatz
- Department
for Cellular Biophysics, Max Planck Institute
for Medical Research, Jahnstraße 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute
for Physical Chemistry, Department for Biophysical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Hu J, Lou Y, Wu F. Improved Intracellular Delivery of Polyarginine Peptides with Cargoes. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:2636-2644. [PMID: 30830784 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b10483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Complementary to endocytosis, cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) at high concentrations can penetrate the cell membrane in a direct way, which further makes CPPs popular candidates for delivering therapeutic or diagnostic agents. Although featured as rapid uptake, the translocation efficiency and potential toxicity of the direct penetration are usually affected by cargoes, which is still unclear. Here, using coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations, we show that the polyarginine (R8) peptides penetrate the membrane through a water pore in the membrane, and the transmembrane efficiency is improved by conjugating to small nanoparticles (NPs) with proper linkers. It can be attributed to both the extension of the lifetime of the water pore by the NPs and outward diffusion of negative lipids in the asymmetry membrane, which induces the surrounding R8-NP conjugates to the water pore before it is closed. The translocation efficiency is closely related to the length of the linkers, and it gets the maximum value when the length of the linkers is around half of the membrane thickness. Overlong linkers not only decrease the transmembrane efficiency because of the blockage of NPs in the water pore but may also cause cytotoxicity because of the unclosed water pore. The results provide insights into the internalization of CPPs and facilitate the design of CPP and drug conjugates with high efficiency and low toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanmei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation & Center for Optoelectronics Materials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics , Zhejiang Sci-Tech University , Hangzhou 310018 , China
| | - Yimin Lou
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation & Center for Optoelectronics Materials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics , Zhejiang Sci-Tech University , Hangzhou 310018 , China
| | - Fengmin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation & Center for Optoelectronics Materials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics , Zhejiang Sci-Tech University , Hangzhou 310018 , China
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Thompson GL, Beier HT, Ibey BL. Tracking Lysosome Migration within Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) Cells Following Exposure to Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Fields. Bioengineering (Basel) 2018; 5:bioengineering5040103. [PMID: 30477132 PMCID: PMC6316806 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering5040103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Above a threshold electric field strength, 600 ns-duration pulsed electric field (nsPEF) exposure substantially porates and permeabilizes cellular plasma membranes in aqueous solution to many small ions. Repetitive exposures increase permeabilization to calcium ions (Ca2+) in a dosage-dependent manner. Such exposure conditions can create relatively long-lived pores that reseal after passive lateral diffusion of lipids should have closed the pores. One explanation for eventual pore resealing is active membrane repair, and an ubiquitous repair mechanism in mammalian cells is lysosome exocytosis. A previous study shows that intracellular lysosome movement halts upon a 16.2 kV/cm, 600-ns PEF exposure of a single train of 20 pulses at 5 Hz. In that study, lysosome stagnation qualitatively correlates with the presence of Ca2+ in the extracellular solution and with microtubule collapse. The present study tests the hypothesis that limitation of nsPEF-induced Ca2+ influx and colloid osmotic cell swelling permits unabated lysosome translocation in exposed cells. The results indicate that the efforts used herein to preclude Ca2+ influx and colloid osmotic swelling following nsPEF exposure did not prevent attenuation of lysosome translocation. Intracellular lysosome movement is inhibited by nsPEF exposure(s) in the presence of PEG 300-containing solution or by 20 pulses of nsPEF in the presence of extracellular calcium. The only cases with no significant decreases in lysosome movement are the sham and exposure to a single nsPEF in Ca2+-free solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary L Thompson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.
| | - Hope T Beier
- Human Effectiveness Directorate, 711th Human Performance Wing, Air Force Research Laboratory, Joint Base San Antonio-Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, TX 78234, USA.
| | - Bennett L Ibey
- Human Effectiveness Directorate, 711th Human Performance Wing, Air Force Research Laboratory, Joint Base San Antonio-Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, TX 78234, USA.
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Batista Napotnik T, Miklavčič D. In vitro electroporation detection methods – An overview. Bioelectrochemistry 2018; 120:166-182. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Merla C, Liberti M, Marracino P, Muscat A, Azan A, Apollonio F, Mir LM. A wide-band bio-chip for real-time optical detection of bioelectromagnetic interactions with cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5044. [PMID: 29568067 PMCID: PMC5864909 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23301-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The analytical and numerical design, implementation, and experimental validation of a new grounded closed coplanar waveguide for wide-band electromagnetic exposures of cells and their optical detection in real-time is reported. The realized device fulfills high-quality requirements for novel bioelectromagnetic experiments, involving elevated temporal and spatial resolutions. Excellent performances in terms of matching bandwidth (less than -10 dB up to at least 3 GHz), emission (below 1 × 10-6 W/m2) and efficiency (around 1) have been obtained as revealed by both numerical simulations and experimental measurements. A low spatial electric field inhomogeneity (coefficient of variation of around 10 %) has been achieved within the cell solutions filling the polydimethylsiloxane reservoir of the conceived device. This original bio-chip based on the grounded closed coplanar waveguide concept opens new possibilities for the development of controlled experiments combining electromagnetic exposures and sophisticated imaging using optical spectroscopic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Merla
- Laboratory of Vectorology and Anticancer Therapies, UMR 8203, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, 114 rue E. Vaillant, 94805, Villejuif, France. .,National Italian Agency for New Technology Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Division of Health Protection Technologies, via Anguillarese 301, 00123, Rome, Italy.
| | - Micaela Liberti
- "Sapienza" University of Rome, Department of Information Engineering Electronics and Telecommunications, via Eudossiana 18, 00184, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Marracino
- "Sapienza" University of Rome, Department of Information Engineering Electronics and Telecommunications, via Eudossiana 18, 00184, Rome, Italy
| | - Adeline Muscat
- Laboratory of Vectorology and Anticancer Therapies, UMR 8203, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, 114 rue E. Vaillant, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Antoine Azan
- Laboratory of Vectorology and Anticancer Therapies, UMR 8203, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, 114 rue E. Vaillant, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Francesca Apollonio
- "Sapienza" University of Rome, Department of Information Engineering Electronics and Telecommunications, via Eudossiana 18, 00184, Rome, Italy
| | - Lluis M Mir
- Laboratory of Vectorology and Anticancer Therapies, UMR 8203, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, 114 rue E. Vaillant, 94805, Villejuif, France
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Sweeney DC, Douglas TA, Davalos RV. Characterization of Cell Membrane Permeability In Vitro Part II: Computational Model of Electroporation-Mediated Membrane Transport. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2018; 17:1533033818792490. [PMID: 30231776 PMCID: PMC6149036 DOI: 10.1177/1533033818792490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Electroporation is the process by which applied electric fields generate nanoscale defects in biological membranes to more efficiently deliver drugs and other small molecules into the cells. Due to the complexity of the process, computational models of cellular electroporation are difficult to validate against quantitative molecular uptake data. In part I of this two-part report, we describe a novel method for quantitatively determining cell membrane permeability and molecular membrane transport using fluorescence microscopy. Here, in part II, we use the data from part I to develop a two-stage ordinary differential equation model of cellular electroporation. We fit our model using experimental data from cells immersed in three buffer solutions and exposed to electric field strengths of 170 to 400 kV/m and pulse durations of 1 to 1000 μs. We report that a low-conductivity 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1 piperazineethanesulfonic acid buffer enables molecular transport into the cell to increase more rapidly than with phosphate-buffered saline or culture medium-based buffer. For multipulse schemes, our model suggests that the interpulse delay between two opposite polarity electric field pulses does not play an appreciable role in the resultant molecular uptake for delays up to 100 μs. Our model also predicts the per-pulse permeability enhancement decreases as a function of the pulse number. This is the first report of an ordinary differential equation model of electroporation to be validated with quantitative molecular uptake data and consider both membrane permeability and charging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel C. Sweeney
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech,
Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Temple A. Douglas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech,
Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Rafael V. Davalos
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech,
Blacksburg, VA, USA
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Valdez CM, Barnes RA, Roth CC, Moen EK, Throckmorton GA, Ibey BL. Asymmetrical bipolar nanosecond electric pulse widths modify bipolar cancellation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16372. [PMID: 29180756 PMCID: PMC5703993 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16142-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A bipolar (BP) nanosecond electric pulse (nsEP) exposure generates reduced calcium influx compared to a unipolar (UP) nsEP. This attenuated physiological response from a BP nsEP exposure is termed "bipolar cancellation" (BPC). The predominant BP nsEP parameters that induce BPC consist of a positive polarity (↑) front pulse followed by the delivery of a negative polarity (↓) back pulse of equal voltage and width; thereby the duration is twice a UP nsEP exposure. We tested these BPC parameters, and discovered that a BP nsEP with symmetrical pulse widths is not required to generate BPC. For example, our data revealed the physiological response initiated by a ↑900 nsEP exposure can be cancelled by a second pulse that is a third of its duration. However, we observed a complete loss of BPC from a ↑300 nsEP followed by a ↓900 nsEP exposure. Spatiotemporal analysis revealed these asymmetrical BP nsEP exposures generate distinct local YO-PRO®-1 uptake patterns across the plasma membrane. From these findings, we generated a conceptual model that suggests BPC is a phenomenon balanced by localized charging and discharging events across the membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris M Valdez
- National Research Council Research Associateship Program, Air Force Research Laboratory, 4141 Petroleum Rd., JBSA Fort Sam Houston, Texas, 78234, USA
| | - Ronald A Barnes
- Radio Frequency Bioeffects Branch, Bioeffects Division, Airman Systems Directorate, 711th Human Performance Wing, Air Force Research Laboratory, 4141 Petroleum Rd., JBSA Fort Sam Houston, Texas, 78234, USA
| | - Caleb C Roth
- Radio Frequency Bioeffects Branch, Bioeffects Division, Airman Systems Directorate, 711th Human Performance Wing, Air Force Research Laboratory, 4141 Petroleum Rd., JBSA Fort Sam Houston, Texas, 78234, USA
| | - Erick K Moen
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering- Electrophysics, University of Southern California, 920 Bloom Walk, SSC, 502, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Graham A Throckmorton
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 2301 Vanderbilt Place, Nashville, Tennessee, 37235, USA
| | - Bennett L Ibey
- Radio Frequency Bioeffects Branch, Bioeffects Division, Airman Systems Directorate, 711th Human Performance Wing, Air Force Research Laboratory, 4141 Petroleum Rd., JBSA Fort Sam Houston, Texas, 78234, USA.
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