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Ferenczy GG, Murvai Ü, Fülöp L, Kellermayer M. Mica Lattice Orientation of Epitaxially Grown Amyloid β25-35 Fibrils. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:10460. [PMID: 39408788 PMCID: PMC11476711 DOI: 10.3390/ijms251910460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2024] [Revised: 09/24/2024] [Accepted: 09/24/2024] [Indexed: 10/20/2024] Open
Abstract
β-amyloid (Aβ) peptides form self-organizing fibrils in Alzheimer's disease. The biologically active, toxic Aβ25-35 fragment of the full-length Aβ-peptide forms a stable, oriented filament network on the mica surface with an epitaxial mechanism at the timescale of seconds. While many of the structural and dynamic features of the oriented Aβ25-35 fibrils have been investigated before, the β-strand arrangement of the fibrils and their exact orientation with respect to the mica lattice remained unknown. By using high-resolution atomic force microscopy, here, we show that the Aβ25-35 fibrils are oriented along the long diagonal of the oxygen hexagon of mica. To test the structure and stability of the oriented fibrils further, we carried out molecular dynamics simulations on model β-sheets. The models included the mica surface and a single fibril motif built from β-strands. We show that a sheet with parallel β-strands binds to the mica surface with its positively charged groups, but the C-terminals of the strands orient upward. In contrast, the model with antiparallel strands preserves its parallel orientation with the surface in the molecular dynamics simulation, suggesting that this model describes the first β-sheet layer of the mica-bound Aβ25-35 fibrils well. These results pave the way toward nanotechnological construction and applications for the designed amyloid peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- György G. Ferenczy
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó u. 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (G.G.F.); (Ü.M.)
| | - Ünige Murvai
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó u. 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (G.G.F.); (Ü.M.)
| | - Lívia Fülöp
- Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 8, 6720 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Miklós Kellermayer
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó u. 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (G.G.F.); (Ü.M.)
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Zhang Q, Li J, Sun Y, Song S, Li X, Chen G. Neoagarohexaose Protects against Amyloid β-Induced Oxidative Stress and Aggregation. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683822100179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
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Chen B, Zhao J, Zhang R, Zhang L, Zhang Q, Yang H, An J. Neuroprotective effects of natural compounds on neurotoxin-induced oxidative stress and cell apoptosis. Nutr Neurosci 2020; 25:1078-1099. [PMID: 33164705 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2020.1840035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Overproduction of reactive species, notably reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) species, along with the failure of balancing effects of endogenous antioxidant defenses result in destruction of cellular structures, lipids, proteins, and genetic material, which lead to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress-induced neuronal apoptosis plays a pivotal role in pathogenesis of neurodegeneration. Antioxidants represent one of the medical choice strategies for protecting against this unbalanced oxidation-antioxidation status. Recently, natural compounds with neuroprotective potential that can scavenge free radicals and protect cells from oxidative damage have received extensive attention. METHODS In this review, we summarized the detailed research progress on the medicinal plants-derived natural compounds with potential anti-oxidation effects and their molecular mechanisms on modulating the neurotoxin (6-OHDA, H2O2, glutamate, Aβ)-induced oxidative stress and cell apoptosis. RESULTS The natural compounds that efficacious in modulating reactive species production and mitochondrial function include flavonoids, glucosides, alkaloids, polyphenols, lignans, coumarins, terpenoids, quinones and others. They decreased the neurotoxin-induced oxidative damage and apoptosis by (1) decreasing ROS/RNS generation, lipid peroxidation, caspase-3 and caspase-9 activities, LDH release, the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, Ca2+ influx and cytochrome c release, (2) elevating MMP, and (3) restoring endogenous antioxidant enzymatic activities (CAT, GSH-Px, GSR, SOD). And they exerted neuroprotective effects against cell damages and apoptosis by modulating the oxidative cascades of different signaling pathways (Nrf2/HO-1, NF-κB, MAPKs, PI3K/Akt, GSK-3β) and preventing mitochondria-dependent apoptosis pathways. DISCUSSION The present work reviews the role of oxidative stress in neurodegeneration, highlighting the potential anti-oxidation effects of natural compounds as a promising approach to develop innovative neuroprotective strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Chen
- Translational Medicine Centre, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shannxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Zhao
- Translational Medicine Centre, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shannxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Translational Medicine Centre, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shannxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- Translational Medicine Centre, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shannxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Translational Medicine Centre, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shannxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Yang
- Translational Medicine Centre, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shannxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing An
- Translational Medicine Centre, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shannxi, People's Republic of China
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Recent Advances by In Silico and In Vitro Studies of Amyloid-β 1-42 Fibril Depicted a S-Shape Conformation. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082415. [PMID: 30115846 PMCID: PMC6121414 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The amyloid-β 1-42 (Aβ1-42) peptide is produced by proteolytic cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) by sequential reactions that are catalyzed by γ and β secretases. Aβ1-42, together with the Tau protein are two principal hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD) that are related to disease genesis and progression. Aβ1-42 possesses a higher aggregation propensity, and it is able to form fibrils via nucleated fibril formation. To date, there are compounds available that prevent Aβ1-42 aggregation, but none have been successful in clinical trials, possibly because the Aβ1-42 structure and aggregation mechanisms are not thoroughly understood. New molecules have been designed, employing knowledge of the Aβ1-42 structure and are based on preventing or breaking the ionic interactions that have been proposed for formation of the Aβ1-42 fibril U-shaped structure. Recently, a new Aβ1-42 fibril S-shaped structure was reported that, together with its aggregation and catalytic properties, could be helpful in the design of new inhibitor molecules. Therefore, in silico and in vitro methods have been employed to analyze the Aβ1-42 fibril S-shaped structure and its aggregation to obtain more accurate Aβ1-42 oligomerization data for the design and evaluation of new molecules that can prevent the fibrillation process.
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Yan X, Chen T, Zhang L, Du H. Protective effects of Forsythoside A on amyloid beta-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells by downregulating acetylcholinesterase. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 810:141-148. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Gray NE, Zweig JA, Kawamoto C, Quinn JF, Copenhaver PF. STX, a Novel Membrane Estrogen Receptor Ligand, Protects Against Amyloid-β Toxicity. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 51:391-403. [PMID: 26890746 PMCID: PMC4961356 DOI: 10.3233/jad-150756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Because STX is a selective ligand for membrane estrogen receptors, it may be able to confer the beneficial effects of estrogen without eliciting the deleterious side effects associated with activation of the nuclear estrogen receptors. This study evaluates the neuroprotective properties of STX in the context of amyloid-β (Aβ) exposure. MC65 and SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell lines, as well as primary hippocampal neurons from wild type (WT) and Tg2576 mice, were used to investigate the ability of STX to attenuate cell death, mitochondrial dysfunction, dendritic simplification, and synaptic loss induced by Aβ. STX prevented Aβ-induced cell death in both neuroblastoma cell lines; it also normalized the decrease in ATP and mitochondrial gene expression caused by Aβ in these cells. Notably, STX also increased ATP content and mitochondrial gene expression in control neuroblastoma cells (in the absence of Aβ). Likewise in primary neurons, STX increased ATP levels and mitochondrial gene expression in both genotypes. In addition, STX treatment enhanced dendritic arborization and spine densities in WT neurons and prevented the diminished outgrowth of dendrites caused by Aβ exposure in Tg2576 neurons. These data suggest that STX can act as an effective neuroprotective agent in the context of Aβ toxicity, improving mitochondrial function as well as dendritic growth and synaptic differentiation. In addition, since STX also improved these endpoints in the absence of Aβ, this compound may have broader therapeutic value beyond Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora E. Gray
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA 97239
| | - Jonathan A. Zweig
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA 97239
| | - Colleen Kawamoto
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA 97239
| | - Joseph F. Quinn
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA 97239
- Department of Neurology and Parkinson’s Disease Research Education and Clinical Care Center (PADRECC), Portland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Portland, OR, USA 97239
| | - Philip F. Copenhaver
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA 97239
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Zhang Q, Li J, Liu C, Song C, Li P, Yin F, Xiao Y, Li J, Jiang W, Zong A, Zhang X, Wang F. Protective effects of low molecular weight chondroitin sulfate on amyloid beta (Aβ)-induced damage in vitro and in vivo. Neuroscience 2015; 305:169-82. [PMID: 26254241 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Revised: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the effects of low molecular weight chondroitin sulfate (LMWCS) on amyloid beta (Aβ)-induced neurotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. The in vitro results showed that LMWCS blocked Aβ25-35-induced cell viability loss and apoptosis, decreased intracellular calcium concentration, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) depolarization, and the protein expression of Caspase-3. During in vivo experiments, LMWCS improved the cognitive impairment induced by Aβ1-40, increased the level of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and decreased the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the mouse brain. Moreover, LMWCS decreased the density of pyramidal cells of CA1 regions, and suppressed the protein expression of Bax/Bcl-2 and Caspase-3, -9 in the hippocampus of mice. In conclusion, LMWCS possessed neuroprotective properties against toxic effects induced by Aβ peptides both in vitro and in vivo, which might be related to anti-apoptotic activity. LMWCS might be a useful preventive and therapeutic compound for Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Zhang
- Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China; School of Ocean, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - J Li
- Neurosurgery, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Weihai 264009, China
| | - C Liu
- Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - C Song
- School of Ocean, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - P Li
- Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - F Yin
- Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Y Xiao
- Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - J Li
- Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - W Jiang
- Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - A Zong
- Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - X Zhang
- Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - F Wang
- Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
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