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Avcibas R, Vermul A, Gluhovic V, Boback N, Arroyo R, Kingma P, Isasi-Campillo M, Garcia-Ortega L, Griese M, Kuebler WM, Ochs M, Lauster D, Lopez-Rodriguez E. Multivalent, calcium-independent binding of surfactant protein A and D to sulfated glycosaminoglycans of the alveolar epithelial glycocalyx. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2024; 326:L524-L538. [PMID: 38375572 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00283.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung surfactant collectins, surfactant protein A (SP-A) and D (SP-D), are oligomeric C-type lectins involved in lung immunity. Through their carbohydrate recognition domain, they recognize carbohydrates at pathogen surfaces and initiate lung innate immune response. Here, we propose that they may also be able to bind to other carbohydrates present in typical cell surfaces, such as the alveolar epithelial glycocalyx. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed and quantified the binding affinity of SP-A and SP-D to different sugars and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) by microscale thermophoresis (MST). In addition, by changing the calcium concentration, we aimed to characterize any consequences on the binding behavior. Our results show that both oligomeric proteins bind with high affinity (in nanomolar range) to GAGs, such as hyaluronan (HA), heparan sulfate (HS) and chondroitin sulfate (CS). Binding to HS and CS was calcium-independent, as it was not affected by changing calcium concentration in the buffer. Quantification of GAGs in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid from animals deficient in either SP-A or SP-D showed changes in GAG composition, and electron micrographs showed differences in alveolar glycocalyx ultrastructure in vivo. Taken together, SP-A and SP-D bind to model sulfated glycosaminoglycans of the alveolar epithelial glycocalyx in a multivalent and calcium-independent way. These findings provide a potential mechanism for SP-A and SP-D as an integral part of the alveolar epithelial glycocalyx binding and interconnecting free GAGs, proteoglycans, and other glycans in glycoproteins, which may influence glycocalyx composition and structure.NEW & NOTEWORTHY SP-A and SP-D function has been related to innate immunity of the lung based on their binding to sugar residues at pathogen surfaces. However, their function in the healthy alveolus was considered as limited to interaction with surfactant lipids. Here, we demonstrated that these proteins bind to glycosaminoglycans present at typical cell surfaces like the alveolar epithelial glycocalyx. We propose a model where these proteins play an important role in interconnecting alveolar epithelial glycocalyx components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Avcibas
- Institute of Functional Anatomy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna Vermul
- Institute of Functional Anatomy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vladimir Gluhovic
- Institute of Functional Anatomy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nico Boback
- Core Facility Electron Microscopy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Raquel Arroyo
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Paul Kingma
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Miriam Isasi-Campillo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complutense University Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucia Garcia-Ortega
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complutense University Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Matthias Griese
- Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, LMU Munich, German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang M Kuebler
- Institute of Physiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Berlin, Germany
- Keenan Research Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Ochs
- Institute of Functional Anatomy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Berlin, Germany
- Core Facility Electron Microscopy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Lauster
- Institute of Pharmacy, Biopharmaceuticals, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elena Lopez-Rodriguez
- Institute of Functional Anatomy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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2
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Wu H, Zhou Q, Xiong H, Wang C, Cui Y, Qi K, Liu H. Goose surfactant protein A inhibits the growth of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli via an aggregation-dependent mechanism that decreases motility and increases membrane permeability. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 139:104592. [PMID: 36414098 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2022.104592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary collectins have been reported to bind carbohydrates on pathogens and inhibit infection by agglutination, neutralization, and opsonization. In this study, surfactant protein A (SP-A) was identified from goose lung and characterized at expression- and agglutination-functional levels. The deduced amino acid sequence of goose surfactant protein A (gSP-A) has two characteristic structures: a shorter, collagen-like region and a carbohydrate recognition domain. The latter contains two conserved motifs in its Ca2+-binding site: EPN (Glu-Pro-Asn) and WND (Trp-Asn-Asp). Expression analysis using qRT-PCR and fluorescence IHC revealed that gSP-A was highly expressed in the air sac and present in several other tissues, including the lung and trachea. We went on to produce recombinant gSP-A (RgSP-A) using a baculovirus/insect cell system and purified using a Ni2+ affinity column. A biological activity assay showed that all bacterial strains tested in this study were aggregated by RgSP-A, but only Escherichia coli AE17 (E. coli AE17, O2) and E. coli AE158 (O78) were susceptible to RgSP-A-mediated growth inhibition at 2-6 h. Moreover, the swarming motility of the two bacterial strains were weakened with increasing RgSP-A concentration, and their membrane permeability was compromised at 3 h, as determined by flow cytometry and laser confocal microscopy. Therefore, RgSP-A is capable of reducing bacterial viability of E. coli O2 and O78 via an aggregation-dependent mechanism which involves decreasing motility and increasing the bacterial membrane permeability. These data will facilitate detailed studies into the role of gSP-A in innate immune defense as well as for development of antibacterial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanwen Wu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Haifeng Xiong
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chenxiao Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yaqian Cui
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Kezong Qi
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hongmei Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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3
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Manning RR, Holcomb RE, Katayama DS, Pauletti GM, Grant SN, Rosenbaum JS, Manning MC. Characterization of Oligomer Formation of Surfactant Protein-D (SP-D) Using AF4-MALLS. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2023; 23:862-873. [PMID: 36330647 DOI: 10.2174/1389203724666221102111145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surfactant protein-S (SP-D) is a naturally occurring lung protein with the potential to treat pulmonary infections. A recombinant surfactant protein-D (SP-D) has been produced and was previously found to exist in multiple oligomeric states. INTRODUCTION Separation and characterization of interconverting oligomeric states of a protein can be difficult using chromatographic methods, so an alternative separation technique was employed for SPD to characterize the different association states that exist. METHODS Samples of SP-D were analyzed using asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (AF4) using UV and multi-angle laser light scattering (MALLS) detection. The AF4 method appears to be able to separate species as small as the monomer up to the dodecamer (the dominant species) to much larger species with a molar mass greater than 5 MDa. RESULTS Consistent elution of four distinct peaks was observed after repeated injections. The largest species observed under the last peak (labeled as Peak 4) were termed "unstructured multimers" and were resolved fairly well from the other species. The AF4-MALLS data suggest that only a small fraction of Peak 4 truly corresponds to high molar mass unstructured multimers. All other peaks demonstrated significant molar mass homogeneity consistent with AFM results. CONCLUSION AF4-MALLS technology appears to be a powerful analytical approach to characterize the complex and dynamic interplay among different protein oligomeric species of SP-D in an aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ryan E Holcomb
- Legacy BioDesign, Johnstown, CO, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Derrick S Katayama
- Legacy BioDesign, Johnstown, CO, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | | | | | | | - Mark Cornell Manning
- Legacy BioDesign, Johnstown, CO, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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4
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Wong SSW, Dellière S, Schiefermeier-Mach N, Lechner L, Perkhofer S, Bomme P, Fontaine T, Schlosser AG, Sorensen GL, Madan T, Kishore U, Aimanianda V. Surfactant protein D inhibits growth, alters cell surface polysaccharide exposure and immune activation potential of Aspergillus fumigatus. Cell Surf 2022; 8:100072. [PMID: 35118215 PMCID: PMC8792412 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcsw.2022.100072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Hou X, Zhang X, Zhang Z. Role of surfactant protein-D in ocular bacterial infection. Int Ophthalmol 2022; 42:3611-3623. [PMID: 35639299 PMCID: PMC9151998 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-022-02354-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Our review explains the role of surfactant protein D (SP-D) in different kinds of bacterial infection based on its presence in different ocular surface tissues. We discuss the potential role of SP-D against invasion by pathogens, with the aim of identifying new prospects for the possible mechanism of SP-D-mediated immune processes, and the diagnosis, prognosis, or treatment of ocular bacterial infection. Methods We reviewed articles about the role of SP-D in various ocular bacterial infections or infection-related ocular diseases through PubMed, Google Scholar, and the Web of Science databases. Results SP-D acts as an important immune factor that can resemble molecules in different polymerization states and that defends against pathogen invasion. The increased SP-D production and secretion in tear fluid and the cornea after ocular bacterial infections such as Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis, and infection-related ocular diseases, was shown to have potential anti-inflammatory effects. The mechanisms of SP-D’s action against ocular bacterial infections include presenting, aggregating, opsonizing, and phagocytizing antigens, as well as regulating anti-bacterial immunity processes, including toll-like receptor-5 (TLR-5) pathway and IL-8 effect, TLR-4 and TLR-2 pathways and other possible ways remained to be elucidated in more detail. The findings demonstrate the potential of SP-D as an important clinical diagnostic biomarker prognosis predictor, and target for ocular immunotherapy. Conclusion SP-D participates in invasion by different ocular bacteria and infection-related ocular diseases through multiple immune mechanisms. This finding provides new prospects for the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of ocular bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzhu Hou
- The Second Affiliated College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhang
- The Second Affiliated College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- The Second Affiliated College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China. .,Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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6
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Nissen CG, Mosley DD, Kharbanda KK, Katafiasz DM, Bailey KL, Wyatt TA. Malondialdehyde Acetaldehyde-Adduction Changes Surfactant Protein D Structure and Function. Front Immunol 2022; 13:866795. [PMID: 35669781 PMCID: PMC9164268 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.866795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol consumption with concurrent cigarette smoking produces malondialdehyde acetaldehyde (MAA)-adducted lung proteins. Lung surfactant protein D (SPD) supports innate immunity via bacterial aggregation and lysis, as well as by enhancing macrophage-binding and phagocytosis. MAA-adducted SPD (SPD-MAA) has negative effects on lung cilia beating, macrophage function, and epithelial cell injury repair. Because changes in SPD multimer structure are known to impact SPD function, we hypothesized that MAA-adduction changes both SPD structure and function. Purified human SPD and SPD-MAA (1 mg/mL) were resolved by gel filtration using Sephadex G-200 and protein concentration of each fraction determined by Bradford assay. Fractions were immobilized onto nitrocellulose by slot blot and assayed by Western blot using antibodies to SPD and to MAA. Binding of SPD and SPD-MAA was determined fluorometrically using GFP-labeled Streptococcus pneumoniae (GFP-SP). Anti-bacterial aggregation of GFP-SP and macrophage bacterial phagocytosis were assayed by microscopy and permeability determined by bacterial phosphatase release. Viral injury was measured as LDH release in RSV-treated airway epithelial cells. Three sizes of SPD were resolved by gel chromatography as monomeric, trimeric, and multimeric forms. SPD multimer was the most prevalent, while the majority of SPD-MAA eluted as trimer and monomer. SPD dose-dependently bound to GFP-SP, but SPD-MAA binding to bacteria was significantly reduced. SPD enhanced, but MAA adduction of SPD prevented, both aggregation and macrophage phagocytosis of GFP-SP. Likewise, SPD increased bacterial permeability while SPD-MAA did not. In the presence of RSV, BEAS-2B cell viability was enhanced by SPD, but not protected by SPD-MAA. Our results demonstrate that MAA adduction changes the quaternary structure of SPD from multimer to trimer and monomer leading to a decrease in the native anti-microbial function of SPD. These findings suggest one mechanism for increased pneumonia observed in alcohol use disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire G. Nissen
- Department of Environmental, Agricultural and Occupational Health, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Deanna D. Mosley
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Kusum K. Kharbanda
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
- Research Service Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Dawn M. Katafiasz
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Kristina L. Bailey
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
- Research Service Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Todd A. Wyatt
- Department of Environmental, Agricultural and Occupational Health, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
- Research Service Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, United States
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7
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A recipe for a good clinical pulmonary surfactant. Biomed J 2022; 45:615-628. [PMID: 35272060 PMCID: PMC9486245 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The lives of thousands premature babies have been saved along the last thirty years thanks to the establishment and consolidation of pulmonary surfactant replacement therapies (SRT). It took some time to close the gap between the identification of the biophysical and molecular causes of the high mortality associated with respiratory distress syndrome in very premature babies and the development of a proper therapy. Closing the gap required the elucidation of some key questions defining the structure–function relationships in surfactant as well as the particular role of the different molecular components assembled into the surfactant system. On the other hand, the application of SRT as part of treatments targeting other devastating respiratory pathologies, in babies and adults, is depending on further extensive research still required before enough amounts of good humanized clinical surfactants will be available. This review summarizes our current concepts on the compositional and structural determinants defining pulmonary surfactant activity, the principles behind the development of efficient natural animal-derived or recombinant or synthetic therapeutic surfactants, as well as a the most promising lines of research that are already opening new perspectives in the application of tailored surfactant therapies to treat important yet unresolved respiratory pathologies.
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8
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Arroyo R, Grant SN, Colombo M, Salvioni L, Corsi F, Truffi M, Ottolina D, Hurst B, Salzberg M, Prosperi D, Kingma PS. Full-Length Recombinant hSP-D Binds and Inhibits SARS-CoV-2. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1114. [PMID: 34439781 PMCID: PMC8393632 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection of host cells is driven by binding of the SARS-CoV-2 spike-(S)-protein to lung type II pneumocytes, followed by virus replication. Surfactant protein SP-D, member of the front-line immune defense of the lungs, binds glycosylated structures on invading pathogens such as viruses to induce their clearance from the lungs. The objective of this study is to measure the pulmonary SP-D levels in COVID-19 patients and demonstrate the activity of SP-D against SARS-CoV-2, opening the possibility of using SP-D as potential therapy for COVID-19 patients. Pulmonary SP-D concentrations were measured in bronchoalveolar lavage samples from patients with corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by anti-SP-D ELISA. Binding assays were performed by ELISAs. Protein bridge and aggregation assays were performed by gel electrophoresis followed by silver staining and band densitometry. Viral replication was evaluated in vitro using epithelial Caco-2 cells. Results indicate that COVID-19 patients (n = 12) show decreased pulmonary levels of SP-D (median = 68.9 ng/mL) when compared to levels reported for healthy controls in literature. Binding assays demonstrate that SP-D binds the SARS-CoV-2 glycosylated spike-(S)-protein of different emerging clinical variants. Binding induces the formation of protein bridges, the critical step of viral aggregation to facilitate its clearance. SP-D inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication in Caco-2 cells (EC90 = 3.7 μg/mL). Therefore, SP-D recognizes and binds to the spike-(S)-protein of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro, initiates the aggregation, and inhibits viral replication in cells. Combined with the low levels of SP-D observed in COVID-19 patients, these results suggest that SP-D is important in the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 and that rhSP-D supplementation has the potential to be a novel class of anti-viral that will target SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Arroyo
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA;
| | - Shawn N. Grant
- Airway Therapeutics Inc., Cincinnati, OH 45249, USA; (S.N.G.); (M.S.)
| | - Miriam Colombo
- NanoBio laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Bioscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy; (M.C.); (L.S.); (D.P.)
| | - Lucia Salvioni
- NanoBio laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Bioscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy; (M.C.); (L.S.); (D.P.)
| | - Fabio Corsi
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, via Maugeri 4, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.C.); (M.T.)
| | - Marta Truffi
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, via Maugeri 4, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.C.); (M.T.)
| | - Davide Ottolina
- Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Luigi Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, 20157 Milano, Italy;
| | - Brett Hurst
- Institute for Antiviral Research, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA;
| | - Marc Salzberg
- Airway Therapeutics Inc., Cincinnati, OH 45249, USA; (S.N.G.); (M.S.)
| | - Davide Prosperi
- NanoBio laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Bioscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy; (M.C.); (L.S.); (D.P.)
| | - Paul S. Kingma
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA;
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
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9
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Arroyo R, Kingma PS. Surfactant protein D and bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a new way to approach an old problem. Respir Res 2021; 22:141. [PMID: 33964929 PMCID: PMC8105703 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-021-01738-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Surfactant protein D (SP-D) is a collectin protein synthesized by alveolar type II cells in the lungs. SP-D participates in the innate immune defense of the lungs by helping to clear infectious pathogens and modulating the immune response. SP-D has shown an anti-inflammatory role by down-regulating the release of pro-inflammatory mediators in different signaling pathways such as the TLR4, decreasing the recruitment of inflammatory cells to the lung, and modulating the oxidative metabolism in the lungs. Recombinant human SP-D (rhSP-D) has been successfully produced mimicking the structure and functions of native SP-D. Several in vitro and in vivo experiments using different animal models have shown that treatment with rhSP-D reduces the lung inflammation originated by different insults, and that rhSP-D could be a potential treatment for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a rare disease for which there is no effective therapy up to date. BPD is a complex disease in preterm infants whose incidence increases with decreasing gestational age at birth. Lung inflammation, which is caused by different prenatal and postnatal factors like infections, lung hyperoxia and mechanical ventilation, among others, is the key player in BPD. Exacerbated inflammation causes lung tissue injury that results in a deficient gas exchange in the lungs of preterm infants and frequently leads to long-term chronic lung dysfunction during childhood and adulthood. In addition, low SP-D levels and activity in the first days of life in preterm infants have been correlated with a worse pulmonary outcome in BPD. Thus, SP-D mediated functions in the innate immune response could be critical aspects of the pathogenesis in BPD and SP-D could inhibit lung tissue injury in this preterm population. Therefore, administration of rhSP-D has been proposed as promising therapy that could prevent BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Arroyo
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave. ML7029, Cincinnati, OH, 45229-3039, USA
| | - Paul S Kingma
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave. ML7029, Cincinnati, OH, 45229-3039, USA. .,Airway Therapeutics Inc, Cincinnati, OH, 45249, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.
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10
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Thakur G, Sathe G, Kundu I, Biswas B, Gautam P, Alkahtani S, Idicula-Thomas S, Sirdeshmukh R, Kishore U, Madan T. Membrane Interactome of a Recombinant Fragment of Human Surfactant Protein D Reveals GRP78 as a Novel Binding Partner in PC3, a Metastatic Prostate Cancer Cell Line. Front Immunol 2021; 11:600660. [PMID: 33542717 PMCID: PMC7850985 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.600660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Surfactant protein-D (SP-D), a member of the collectin family has been shown to induce apoptosis in cancer cells. SP-D is composed of an N-terminal collagen-like domain and a calcium-dependent carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD). Recently, we reported that a recombinant fragment of human SP-D (rfhSP-D), composed of homotrimeric CRD region, induced intrinsic apoptotic pathway in prostate cancer cells. Here, we analyzed the membrane interactome of rfhSP-D in an androgen-independent prostate cancer cell line, PC3, by high resolution mass spectrometry and identified 347 proteins. Computational analysis of PPI network of this interactome in the context of prostate cancer metastasis and apoptosis revealed Glucose Regulated Protein of 78 kDa (GRP78) as an important binding partner of rfhSP-D. Docking studies suggested that rfhSP-D (CRD) bound to the substrate-binding domain of glycosylated GRP78. This was further supported by the observations that human recombinant GRP78 interfered with the binding of rfhSP-D to anti-SP-D polyclonal antibodies; GRP78 also significantly inhibited the binding of recombinant full-length human SP-D with a monoclonal antibody specific to the CRD in a dose-dependent manner. We conclude that the interaction with rfhSP-D is likely to interfere with the pro-survival signaling of GRP78.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gargi Thakur
- Department of Innate Immunity, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, India
| | - Gajanan Sathe
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Bengaluru, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Indra Kundu
- Biomedical Informatics Centre, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, India
| | - Barnali Biswas
- Department of Innate Immunity, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, India
| | - Poonam Gautam
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, ICMR-National Institute of Pathology, New Delhi, India
| | - Saad Alkahtani
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Susan Idicula-Thomas
- Biomedical Informatics Centre, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, India
| | - Ravi Sirdeshmukh
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Bengaluru, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Uday Kishore
- Biosciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Taruna Madan
- Department of Innate Immunity, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, India
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11
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García-Mouton C, Hidalgo A, Arroyo R, Echaide M, Cruz A, Pérez-Gil J. Pulmonary Surfactant and Drug Delivery: An Interface-Assisted Carrier to Deliver Surfactant Protein SP-D Into the Airways. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 8:613276. [PMID: 33542913 PMCID: PMC7853302 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.613276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This work is focused on the potential use of pulmonary surfactant to deliver full-length recombinant human surfactant protein SP-D (rhSP-D) using the respiratory air-liquid interface as a shuttle. Surfactant protein D (SP-D) is a collectin protein present in the pulmonary surfactant (PS) system, involved in innate immune defense and surfactant homeostasis. It has been recently suggested as a potential therapeutic to alleviate inflammatory responses and lung diseases in preterm infants suffering from respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) or bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). However, none of the current clinical surfactants used for surfactant replacement therapy (SRT) to treat RDS contain SP-D. The interaction of SP-D with surfactant components, the potential of PS as a respiratory drug delivery system and the possibility to produce recombinant versions of human SP-D, brings the possibility of delivering clinical surfactants supplemented with SP-D. Here, we used an in vitro setup that somehow emulates the respiratory air-liquid interface to explore this novel approach. It consists in two different compartments connected with a hydrated paper bridge forming a continuous interface. We firstly analyzed the adsorption and spreading of rhSP-D alone from one compartment to another over the air-liquid interface, observing low interfacial activity. Then, we studied the interfacial spreading of the protein co-administered with PS, both at different time periods or as a mixed formulation, and which oligomeric forms of rhSP-D better traveled associated with PS. The results presented here demonstrated that PS may transport rhSP-D long distances over air-liquid interfaces, either as a mixed formulation or separately in a close window time, opening the doors to empower the current clinical surfactants and SRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina García-Mouton
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Research Institute "Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12)," Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Hidalgo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Research Institute "Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12)," Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Arroyo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Research Institute "Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12)," Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Echaide
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Research Institute "Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12)," Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Cruz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Research Institute "Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12)," Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Pérez-Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Research Institute "Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12)," Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
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