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Bourdon E, Swierczewski T, Goujon M, Boukrout N, Fellah S, Van der Hauwaert C, Larrue R, Lefebvre B, Van Seuningen I, Cauffiez C, Pottier N, Perrais M. MUC1 Drives the Progression and Chemoresistance of Clear Cell Renal Carcinomas. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:391. [PMID: 38254882 PMCID: PMC10814283 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
While the transmembrane glycoprotein mucin 1 (MUC1) is clustered at the apical borders of normal epithelial cells, with transformation and loss of polarity, MUC1 is found at high levels in the cytosol and is uniformly distributed over the entire surface of carcinoma cells, where it can promote tumor progression and adversely affects the response to therapy. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), the main histotype of kidney cancer, is typically highly resistant to conventional and targeted therapies for reasons that remain largely unknown. In this context, we investigated whether MUC1 also plays a pivotal role in the cellular and molecular events driving ccRCC progression and chemoresistance. We showed, using loss- and gain-of-function approaches in ccRCC-derived cell lines, that MUC1 not only influences tumor progression but also induces a multi-drug-resistant profile reminiscent of the activation of ABC drug efflux transporters. Overall, our results suggest that targeting MUC1 may represent a novel therapeutic approach to limit ccRCC progression and improve drug sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Bourdon
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020-U1277–CANTHER–Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France; (E.B.); (T.S.); (M.G.); (N.B.); (S.F.); (C.V.d.H.); (R.L.); (I.V.S.); (C.C.); (N.P.)
| | - Thomas Swierczewski
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020-U1277–CANTHER–Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France; (E.B.); (T.S.); (M.G.); (N.B.); (S.F.); (C.V.d.H.); (R.L.); (I.V.S.); (C.C.); (N.P.)
| | - Marine Goujon
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020-U1277–CANTHER–Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France; (E.B.); (T.S.); (M.G.); (N.B.); (S.F.); (C.V.d.H.); (R.L.); (I.V.S.); (C.C.); (N.P.)
| | - Nihad Boukrout
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020-U1277–CANTHER–Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France; (E.B.); (T.S.); (M.G.); (N.B.); (S.F.); (C.V.d.H.); (R.L.); (I.V.S.); (C.C.); (N.P.)
| | - Sandy Fellah
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020-U1277–CANTHER–Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France; (E.B.); (T.S.); (M.G.); (N.B.); (S.F.); (C.V.d.H.); (R.L.); (I.V.S.); (C.C.); (N.P.)
| | - Cynthia Van der Hauwaert
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020-U1277–CANTHER–Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France; (E.B.); (T.S.); (M.G.); (N.B.); (S.F.); (C.V.d.H.); (R.L.); (I.V.S.); (C.C.); (N.P.)
| | - Romain Larrue
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020-U1277–CANTHER–Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France; (E.B.); (T.S.); (M.G.); (N.B.); (S.F.); (C.V.d.H.); (R.L.); (I.V.S.); (C.C.); (N.P.)
- CHU Lille, Service de Toxicologie et Génopathies, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Bruno Lefebvre
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172, Neuroscience & Cognition, Alzheimer & Tauopathies, F-59000 Lille, France;
| | - Isabelle Van Seuningen
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020-U1277–CANTHER–Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France; (E.B.); (T.S.); (M.G.); (N.B.); (S.F.); (C.V.d.H.); (R.L.); (I.V.S.); (C.C.); (N.P.)
| | - Christelle Cauffiez
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020-U1277–CANTHER–Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France; (E.B.); (T.S.); (M.G.); (N.B.); (S.F.); (C.V.d.H.); (R.L.); (I.V.S.); (C.C.); (N.P.)
| | - Nicolas Pottier
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020-U1277–CANTHER–Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France; (E.B.); (T.S.); (M.G.); (N.B.); (S.F.); (C.V.d.H.); (R.L.); (I.V.S.); (C.C.); (N.P.)
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172, Neuroscience & Cognition, Alzheimer & Tauopathies, F-59000 Lille, France;
| | - Michaël Perrais
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020-U1277–CANTHER–Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France; (E.B.); (T.S.); (M.G.); (N.B.); (S.F.); (C.V.d.H.); (R.L.); (I.V.S.); (C.C.); (N.P.)
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Tong X, Dong C, Liang S. Mucin1 as a potential molecule for cancer immunotherapy and targeted therapy. J Cancer 2024; 15:54-67. [PMID: 38164273 PMCID: PMC10751670 DOI: 10.7150/jca.88261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Mucin1 is a highly glycosylated type 1 transmembrane mucin that ranks second among 75 tumor-related antigens published by the National Cancer Institute, and has been identified as a possible therapeutic target over the past 30 years. MUC1 plays an important role in malignant transformation and disease evolution, including cell proliferation, survival, self-renewal, and metastatic invasion. MUC1 has been shown to interact with diverse effectors such as β-catenin, receptor tyrosine kinases, and cellular-abelsongene, which are of importance in the pathogenesis of various malignant tumors. Targeting MUC1 has been shown to be an effective way to induce tumor cell death in vivo and in vitro models. In recent years, a number of therapeutic strategies targeting MUC1 have been developed and their value for tumor therapy have been demonstrated experimentally. This review summarizes recent findings on the structure of MUC1, its expression in different tumors and its involved mechanism pathways, with emphasis on new progress in cancer therapy which related MUC1 in the past decade and evaluates their therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chunyan Dong
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Shujing Liang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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Yamashita N, Withers H, Morimoto Y, Bhattacharya A, Haratake N, Daimon T, Fushimi A, Nakashoji A, Thorner AR, Isenhart E, Rosario S, Long MD, Kufe D. MUC1-C integrates aerobic glycolysis with suppression of oxidative phosphorylation in triple-negative breast cancer stem cells. iScience 2023; 26:108168. [PMID: 37915591 PMCID: PMC10616323 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of the MUC1-C protein promotes lineage plasticity, epigenetic reprogramming, and the cancer stem cell (CSC) state. The present studies performed on enriched populations of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) CSCs demonstrate that MUC1-C is essential for integrating activation of glycolytic pathway genes with self-renewal and tumorigenicity. MUC1-C further integrates the glycolytic pathway with suppression of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genes encoding components of mitochondrial Complexes I-V. The repression of mtDNA genes is explained by MUC1-C-mediated (i) downregulation of the mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) required for mtDNA transcription and (ii) induction of the mitochondrial transcription termination factor 3 (mTERF3). In support of pathogenesis that suppresses mitochondrial ROS production, targeting MUC1-C increases (i) mtDNA gene transcription, (ii) superoxide levels, and (iii) loss of self-renewal capacity. These findings and scRNA-seq analysis of CSC subpopulations indicate that MUC1-C regulates self-renewal and redox balance by integrating activation of glycolysis with suppression of oxidative phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nami Yamashita
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Henry Withers
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Naoki Haratake
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tatsuaki Daimon
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Atsushi Fushimi
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ayako Nakashoji
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aaron R. Thorner
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emily Isenhart
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Spencer Rosario
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Mark D. Long
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Donald Kufe
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Hua C, Chuang C, Chien Y, Su C, Chen S, Liu L, Yang S, Yu Y. Analysis of MUC6 polymorphisms on the clinicopathologic characteristics of Asian patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:2594-2602. [PMID: 37581476 PMCID: PMC10468665 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are generally associated with tobacco consumption, alcohol abuse or both. Mucins (MUCs) are high-molecular-weight glycoproteins produced by many epithelial tissues. Many studies have indicated that MUCs play an important role in cancer metastasis. MUC6 expression has been observed in gastric and oncocytic phenotypes and plays an important role during cancer progression. We found that levels of MUC6 are lower in Asian HNCC patients and affect the disease-free survival of HNCC patients. Next, we investigated the combined effect of MUC6 polymorphisms and exposure to environmental carcinogens on the susceptibility to and clinicopathological characteristics of HNCC. Three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of MUC6 (rs7481521, rs6597947 and rs61869016) were analysed using real-time PCR. After adjusting for other co-variants, we found that carrying a CC genotype at MUC6 rs6597947 led to a lower risk of developing oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) than wild-type carriers among non-betel-quid chewers. Moreover, male oral cancer patients who carried the AA + CC genotype at MUC6 rs6597947 had a lower risk of lymph node metastasis than other genotypes, suggesting a significant functional compromise and decompensated disease. Therefore, our findings suggest that genetic variations in MUC6 may correlate to OSCC and indicate the progression in OSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun‐Hung Hua
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryChina Medical University HospitalTaichungTaiwan
| | - Chun‐Yi Chuang
- School of MedicineChung Shan Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan
- Department of OtolaryngologyChung Shan Medical University HospitalTaichungTaiwan
| | - Yi‐Chung Chien
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical SciencesChina Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan
- Institute of Translational Medicine and New Drug DevelopmentChina Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan
- Center for Molecular MedicineChina Medical University HospitalTaichungTaiwan
| | - Chun‐Wen Su
- Institute of MedicineChung Shan Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan
- Department of Medical ResearchChung Shan Medical University HospitalTaichungTaiwan
| | - Shuo‐Chueh Chen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineChina Medical University HospitalTaichungTaiwan
| | - Liang‐Chih Liu
- School of Medicine, College of MedicineChina Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan
- Department of SurgeryChina Medical University HospitalTaichungTaiwan
| | - Shun‐Fa Yang
- Institute of MedicineChung Shan Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan
- Department of Medical ResearchChung Shan Medical University HospitalTaichungTaiwan
| | - Yung‐Luen Yu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical SciencesChina Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan
- Institute of Translational Medicine and New Drug DevelopmentChina Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan
- Center for Molecular MedicineChina Medical University HospitalTaichungTaiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and BiotechnologyAsia UniversityTaichungTaiwan
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Buonaguro L, Tagliamonte M. Peptide-based vaccine for cancer therapies. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1210044. [PMID: 37654484 PMCID: PMC10467431 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1210044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Different strategies based on peptides are available for cancer treatment, in particular to counter-act the progression of tumor growth and disease relapse. In the last decade, in the context of therapeutic strategies against cancer, peptide-based vaccines have been evaluated in different tumor models. The peptides selected for cancer vaccine development can be classified in two main type: tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and tumor-specific antigens (TSAs), which are captured, internalized, processed and presented by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) to cell-mediated immunity. Peptides loaded onto MHC class I are recognized by a specific TCR of CD8+ T cells, which are activated to exert their cytotoxic activity against tumor cells presenting the same peptide-MHC-I complex. This process is defined as active immunotherapy as the host's immune system is either de novo activated or restimulated to mount an effective, tumor-specific immune reaction that may ultimately lead to tu-mor regression. However, while the preclinical data have frequently shown encouraging results, therapeutic cancer vaccines clinical trials, including those based on peptides have not provided satisfactory data to date. The limited efficacy of peptide-based cancer vaccines is the consequence of several factors, including the identification of specific target tumor antigens, the limited immunogenicity of peptides and the highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). An effective cancer vaccine can be developed only by addressing all such different aspects. The present review describes the state of the art for each of such factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Tagliamonte
- Innovative Immunological Models Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori - IRCCS - “Fond G. Pascale”, Naples, Italy
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6
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Zheng H, Wang G, Liu M, Cheng H. Traditional Chinese medicine inhibits PD-1/PD-L1 axis to sensitize cancer immunotherapy: a literature review. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1168226. [PMID: 37397393 PMCID: PMC10312112 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1168226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The Programmed death-1 (PD-1) and its programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) comprise the PD-1/PD-L1 axis and maintain tumor immune evasion. Cancer immunotherapy based on anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies is the most promising anti-tumor treatment available but is currently facing the thorny problem of unsatisfactory outcomes. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), with its rich heritage of Chinese medicine monomers, herbal formulas, and physical therapies like acupuncture, moxibustion, and catgut implantation, is a multi-component and multi-target system of medicine known for enhancing immunity and preventing the spread of disease. TCM is often used as an adjuvant therapy for cancer in clinical practices, and recent studies have demonstrated the synergistic effects of combining TCM with cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we examined the PD-1/PD-L1 axis and its role in tumor immune escape while exploring how TCM therapies can modulate the PD-1/PD-L1 axis to improve the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. Our findings suggest that TCM therapy can enhance cancer immunotherapy by reducing the expression of PD-1 and PD-L1, regulating T-cell function, improving the tumor immune microenvironment, and regulating intestinal flora. We hope this review may serve as a valuable resource for future studies on the sensitization of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilan Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Gang Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology/Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongbin Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Zhang W, Zheng Z, Wang K, Mao W, Li X, Wang G, Zhang Y, Huang J, Zhang N, Wu P, Liu J, Zhang H, Che J, Peng B, Zheng J, Li W, Yao X. piRNA-1742 promotes renal cell carcinoma malignancy by regulating USP8 stability through binding to hnRNPU and thereby inhibiting MUC12 ubiquitination. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:1258-1271. [PMID: 37332045 PMCID: PMC10318070 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01010-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating studies have confirmed that PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are considered epigenetic effectors in cancer. We performed piRNA microarray expression analysis on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) tumor tissues and paired normal tissues and performed a series of in vivo and in vitro experiments to explore piRNAs associated with RCC progression and investigate their functional mechanisms. We found that piR-1742 was highly expressed in RCC tumors and that patients with high piR-1742 expression had a poor prognosis. Inhibition of piR-1742 significantly reduced tumor growth in RCC xenograft and organoid models. Mechanistically, piRNA-1742 regulates the stability of USP8 mRNA by binding directly to hnRNPU, which acts as a deubiquitinating enzyme that inhibits the ubiquitination of MUC12 and promotes the development of malignant RCC. Subsequently, nanotherapeutic systems loaded with piRNA-1742 inhibitors were found to effectively inhibit the metastasis and growth of RCC in vivo. Therefore, this study highlights the functional importance of piRNA-related ubiquitination in RCC and demonstrates the development of a related nanotherapeutic system, possibly contributing to the development of therapeutic approaches for RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Urologic Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Zongtai Zheng
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Keyi Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Urologic Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Weipu Mao
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Urologic Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Guangchun Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Urologic Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jianhua Huang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Urologic Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pengfei Wu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Urologic Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Ji Liu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Urologic Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Haimin Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Urologic Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jianping Che
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Urologic Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Bo Peng
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
- Urologic Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
| | - Junhua Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
- Urologic Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Xudong Yao
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
- Urologic Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
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8
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Yamashita N, Morimoto Y, Fushimi A, Ahmad R, Bhattacharya A, Daimon T, Haratake N, Inoue Y, Ishikawa S, Yamamoto M, Hata T, Akiyoshi S, Hu Q, Liu T, Withers H, Liu S, Shapiro GI, Yoshizumi T, Long MD, Kufe D. MUC1-C Dictates PBRM1-Mediated Chronic Induction of Interferon Signaling, DNA Damage Resistance, and Immunosuppression in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2023; 21:274-289. [PMID: 36445328 PMCID: PMC9975675 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-22-0772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The polybromo-1 (PBRM1) chromatin-targeting subunit of the SWI/SNF PBAF chromatin remodeling complex drives DNA damage resistance and immune evasion in certain cancer cells through mechanisms that remain unclear. STAT1 and IRF1 are essential effectors of type I and II IFN pathways. Here, we report that MUC1-C is necessary for PBRM1 expression and that it forms a nuclear complex with PBRM1 in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. Analysis of global transcriptional (RNA-seq) and chromatin accessibility (ATAC-seq) profiles further demonstrated that MUC1-C and PBRM1 drive STAT1 and IRF1 expression by increasing chromatin accessibility of promoter-like signatures (PLS) on their respective genes. We also found that MUC1-C, PBRM1, and IRF1 increase the expression and chromatin accessibility on PLSs of the (i) type II IFN pathway IDO1 and WARS genes and (ii) type I IFN pathway RIG-I, MDA5, and ISG15 genes that collectively contribute to DNA damage resistance and immune evasion. In support of these results, targeting MUC1-C in wild-type BRCA TNBC cells enhanced carboplatin-induced DNA damage and the loss of self-renewal capacity. In addition, MUC1-C was necessary for DNA damage resistance, self-renewal, and tumorigenicity in olaparib-resistant BRCA1-mutant TNBC cells. Analysis of TNBC tumors corroborated that (i) MUC1 and PBRM1 are associated with decreased responsiveness to chemotherapy and (ii) MUC1-C expression is associated with the depletion of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL). These findings demonstrate that MUC1-C activates PBRM1, and thereby chromatin remodeling of IFN-stimulated genes that promote chronic inflammation, DNA damage resistance, and immune evasion. IMPLICATIONS MUC1-C is necessary for PBRM1-driven chromatin remodeling in chronic activation of IFN pathway genes that promote DNA damage resistance and immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nami Yamashita
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yoshihiro Morimoto
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Atsushi Fushimi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rehan Ahmad
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Atrayee Bhattacharya
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tatsuaki Daimon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Naoki Haratake
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yuka Inoue
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ishikawa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Masaaki Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tsuyoshi Hata
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sayuri Akiyoshi
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Qiang Hu
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Henry Withers
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Song Liu
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Geoffrey I. Shapiro
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tomoharu Yoshizumi
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mark D. Long
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
- Corresponding Authors: Donald Kufe, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, D830, Boston, MA 02215. E-mail: ; and Mark D. Long,
| | - Donald Kufe
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Corresponding Authors: Donald Kufe, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, D830, Boston, MA 02215. E-mail: ; and Mark D. Long,
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9
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Morimoto Y, Yamashita N, Daimon T, Hirose H, Yamano S, Haratake N, Ishikawa S, Bhattacharya A, Fushimi A, Ahmad R, Takahashi H, Dashevsky O, Mitsiades C, Kufe D. MUC1-C is a master regulator of MICA/B NKG2D ligand and exosome secretion in human cancer cells. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e006238. [PMID: 36754452 PMCID: PMC9923360 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-006238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The MUC1-C protein evolved in mammals to protect barrier tissues from loss of homeostasis; however, MUC1-C promotes oncogenesis in association with chronic inflammation. Aberrant expression of MUC1-C in cancers has been linked to depletion and dysfunction of T cells in the tumor microenvironment. In contrast, there is no known involvement of MUC1-C in the regulation of natural killer (NK) cell function. METHODS Targeting MUC1-C genetically and pharmacologically in cancer cells was performed to assess effects on intracellular and cell surface expression of the MHC class I chain-related polypeptide A (MICA) and MICB ligands. The MICA/B promoters were analyzed for H3K27 and DNA methylation. Shedding of MICA/B was determined by ELISA. MUC1-C interactions with ERp5 and RAB27A were assessed by coimmunoprecipitation and direct binding studies. Exosomes were isolated for analysis of secretion. Purified NK cells were assayed for killing of cancer cell targets. RESULTS Our studies demonstrate that MUC1-C represses expression of the MICA and MICB ligands that activate the NK group 2D receptor. We show that the inflammatory MUC1-C→NF-κB pathway drives enhancer of zeste homolog 2-mediated and DNMT-mediated methylation of the MICA and MICB promoter regions. Targeting MUC1-C genetically and pharmacologically with the GO-203 inhibitor induced intracellular and cell surface MICA/B expression but not MICA/B cleavage. Mechanistically, MUC1-C regulates the ERp5 thiol oxidoreductase that is necessary for MICA/B protease digestion and shedding. In addition, MUC1-C interacts with the RAB27A protein, which is required for exosome formation and secretion. As a result, targeting MUC1-C markedly inhibited secretion of exosomes expressing MICA/B. In concert with these results, we show that targeting MUC1-C promotes NK cell-mediated killing. CONCLUSIONS These findings uncover pleotropic mechanisms by which MUC1-C confers evasion of cancer cells to NK cell recognition and destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Morimoto
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nami Yamashita
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tatsuaki Daimon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Haruka Hirose
- Division of Systems Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Faculty of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shizuka Yamano
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Naoki Haratake
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Satoshi Ishikawa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Atrayee Bhattacharya
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Atsushi Fushimi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rehan Ahmad
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hidekazu Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Olga Dashevsky
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Constantine Mitsiades
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Donald Kufe
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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10
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Ren XH, Han D, He XY, Guo T, Chen XS, Pang X, Cheng SX. Multi-Targeting Nano-Systems Targeting Heterogeneous Cancer Cells for Therapeutics and Biomarker Detection. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2202155. [PMID: 36333906 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202202155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cancer heterogeneity plays a vital part in cancer resistance and metastasis. To provide a reliable approach to exert a therapy action and evaluate its efficiency in heterogeneous cancer cells, a multiple targeting delivery vector composed of histone encapsulating the therapeutic or diagnostic agent, hyaluronic acid targeting CD44 overexpressed in stem tumor cells, SYL3C aptamer targeting epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) overexpressed in epithelial cancer cells, and CL4 aptamer targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) overexpressed in mesenchymal cancer cells, is developed. The vector can efficiently target different cancer cells and circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the peripheral blood of patients for mucin 1 (MUC1) knockout. Furthermore, the multiple targeting vector can be used to co-encapsulate three types of molecular beacons for probing various mRNA biomarkers at single-cell resolution after genome editing. This study provides an efficient approach for exerting therapeutic actions in heterogeneous cancer cells and assessing the therapeutic efficacy by detection of cancer biomarkers via liquid biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-He Ren
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Di Han
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Xiao-Yan He
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230011, China
| | - Tao Guo
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, Anhui, 230011, China
| | - Xue-Si Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China
| | - Xuan Pang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China
| | - Si-Xue Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
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11
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Peng M, Fan S, Li J, Zhou X, Liao Q, Tang F, Liu W. Programmed death-ligand 1 signaling and expression are reversible by lycopene via PI3K/AKT and Raf/MEK/ERK pathways in tongue squamous cell carcinoma. GENES & NUTRITION 2022; 17:3. [PMID: 35164673 PMCID: PMC8903509 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-022-00705-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Cancer therapy targeting programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1 or CD279) or programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1 or CD274) gives hope to Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma (TSCC) treatment. However, the tumor-intrinsic mechanism of PD-L1 is not fully elucidated in TSCC. On the other hand, lycopene showed antitumor effects and chemotherapy/radiotherapy-enhancing effects by mechanisms closely correlated with PD-L1. Purpose We aimed to explore whether the mechanisms of PD-L1 signaling and regulation are reversible by lycopene treatment in TSCC. Methods We collected TSCC tissues and normal tissues for assessment of PD-L1 expression by immunohistochemical technique and western blotting. We measured the expression of PD-L1 in three TSCC cell lines and constructed cell lines with knockdown and overexpression of PD-L1. Then, we measured the proliferation by CCK-8 assay, migration and invasion by Transwell assay, and apoptosis by TUNEL assay in five groups with treatment of blank control, negative control with vector transfection, PD-L1 knockdown/overexpression, 4 μM lycopene, and combined 4 μM lycopene and PD-L1 knockdown/overexpression. We also systematically analyzed the PD-L1 constitutive signaling pathways and their effect EMT pathways. In order to bring out the mechanism underlying PI3K/AKT depressing Raf/MEK/ERK, we used PI3K inhibitor LY294002. Results We detected significant PD-L1 upregulation in biopsies by western blot and immunohistochemistry. Our study demonstrated that PD-L1 upregulation elevated IGF-1R to activate the PI3K/AKT pathway but inactivated the Raf/MEK/ERK pathway in TSCC cell line CAL27, while PD-L1 knockdown decreased IGF-1R to inactivate both PI3K/AKT and Raf/MEK/ERK pathways in cell line SCC9, to increase/decrease p-FOXOs and decrease/increase p-GSK-3β, producing further changes in EMT, proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis. Lycopene reversed PD-L1 signaling and expression by mechanisms opposite to PD-L1 upregulation but similar to PD-L1 knockdown. Conclusion Taken together, this study firstly confirmed PD-L1 expression and signaling are reversible by lycopene via PI3K/AKT and Raf/MEK/ERK pathways in TSCC. Our study provides a sounder basis for comprehending PD-L1 signaling and expression and prevention and treatment of TSCC.
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12
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Shi F, Xue R, Xu H, Mei F, Bao X, Dou J, Zhao F. Mucin 1 downregulation decreases the anti-tumor effects of melanoma vaccine. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:1361. [PMID: 36660692 PMCID: PMC9843407 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-6170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Immunotherapy-based approaches are important breakthroughs with potential treatment benefits for melanoma patients. Mucin 1 (MUC1) is significantly upregulated in melanoma relative to normal cells. It has been reported that MUC1 influences cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and metastasis.The study aimed to explore the effect of MUC1 knockdown on the biological characteristics of the melanoma cell line B16F10 and evaluate whether MUC1 is an effective candidate target antigen for melanoma vaccine development. Methods First, lentiviral vector-mediated short hairpin RNA (shRNA) was used to knockdown MUC1 in B16F10 cells (shMUC1-B16F10 cells). Next, we examined epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration, proliferative capacity, clone formation, and distribution of cell cycle in shMUC1-B16F10 cells. Finally, the vaccine was prepared by repeated freeze-thawing of the shMUC1-B16F10 cells and used to subcutaneously immunize C57BL/6 mice, which were then challenged using B16F10 cells 10 days after the final vaccination. Results It was revealed that shMUC1 suppressed B16F10 proliferative and colony formation capacity, induced the arrest of cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase, and adjusted the expression of EMT-associated factors. MUC1 downregulation markedly suppressed the effect of B16F10 vaccine against melanoma in a mouse model. As compared with B16F10-vaccinated mice, B16F10-vaccinated mice in which MUC1 was silenced had reduced natural killer (NK) cytotoxicity, lower production of interferon-γ (IFN-γ), anti-MUC1 antibodies, perforin, granzyme B, and elevated tumor growth factor-β (TGF-β) level. Conclusions MUC1 has strong melanoma vaccine immunogenicity, and induces the host's anti-tumor reaction. MUC1 knockdown inhibits the immune activity of B16F10 cell vaccine and anti-melanoma effect, suggesting the MUC1 is an important candidate target antigen of the melanoma vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Shi
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China;,Department of Oncology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Xue
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Mei
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xueyang Bao
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Dou
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fengshu Zhao
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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13
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Canciello A, Cerveró-Varona A, Peserico A, Mauro A, Russo V, Morrione A, Giordano A, Barboni B. "In medio stat virtus": Insights into hybrid E/M phenotype attitudes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1038841. [PMID: 36467417 PMCID: PMC9715750 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1038841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity (EMP) refers to the ability of cells to dynamically interconvert between epithelial (E) and mesenchymal (M) phenotypes, thus generating an array of hybrid E/M intermediates with mixed E and M features. Recent findings have demonstrated how these hybrid E/M rather than fully M cells play key roles in most of physiological and pathological processes involving EMT. To this regard, the onset of hybrid E/M state coincides with the highest stemness gene expression and is involved in differentiation of either normal and cancer stem cells. Moreover, hybrid E/M cells are responsible for wound healing and create a favorable immunosuppressive environment for tissue regeneration. Nevertheless, hybrid state is responsible of metastatic process and of the increasing of survival, apoptosis and therapy resistance in cancer cells. The present review aims to describe the main features and the emerging concepts regulating EMP and the formation of E/M hybrid intermediates by describing differences and similarities between cancer and normal hybrid stem cells. In particular, the comprehension of hybrid E/M cells biology will surely advance our understanding of their features and how they could be exploited to improve tissue regeneration and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Canciello
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Adrián Cerveró-Varona
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Alessia Peserico
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Annunziata Mauro
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Valentina Russo
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Andrea Morrione
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Sbarro Health Research Organization (SHRO), Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Barbara Barboni
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
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14
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Liu S, Alabi BR, Yin Q, Stoyanova T. Molecular mechanisms underlying the development of neuroendocrine prostate cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:57-68. [PMID: 35597438 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common non-cutaneous cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-associated deaths among men in the United States. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the standard of care for advanced prostate cancer. While patients with advanced prostate cancer initially respond to ADT, the disease frequently progresses to a lethal metastatic form, defined as castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). After multiple rounds of anti-androgen therapies, 20-25% of metastatic CRPCs develop a neuroendocrine (NE) phenotype. These tumors are classified as neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC). De novo NEPC is rare and accounts for less than 2% of all prostate cancers at diagnosis. NEPC is commonly characterized by the expression of NE markers and the absence of androgen receptor (AR) expression. NEPC is usually associated with tumor aggressiveness, hormone therapy resistance, and poor clinical outcome. Here, we review the molecular mechanisms underlying the emergence of NEPC and provide insights into the future perspectives on potential therapeutic strategies for NEPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqin Liu
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Busola Ruth Alabi
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Qingqing Yin
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Tanya Stoyanova
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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15
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Kufe DW. Emergence of MUC1 in Mammals for Adaptation of Barrier Epithelia. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194805. [PMID: 36230728 PMCID: PMC9564314 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mucin 1 (MUC1) gene was discovered based on its overexpression in human breast cancers. Subsequent work demonstrated that MUC1 is aberrantly expressed in cancers originating from other diverse organs, including skin and immune cells. These findings supported a role for MUC1 in the adaptation of barrier tissues to infection and environmental stress. Of fundamental importance for this evolutionary adaptation was inclusion of a SEA domain, which catalyzes autoproteolysis of the MUC1 protein and formation of a non-covalent heterodimeric complex. The resulting MUC1 heterodimer is poised at the apical cell membrane to respond to loss of homeostasis. Disruption of the complex releases the MUC1 N-terminal (MUC1-N) subunit into a protective mucous gel. Conversely, the transmembrane C-terminal (MUC1-C) subunit activates a program of lineage plasticity, epigenetic reprogramming and repair. This MUC1-C-activated program apparently evolved for barrier tissues to mount self-regulating proliferative, inflammatory and remodeling responses associated with wound healing. Emerging evidence indicates that MUC1-C underpins inflammatory adaptation of tissue stem cells and immune cells in the barrier niche. This review focuses on how prolonged activation of MUC1-C by chronic inflammation in these niches promotes the cancer stem cell (CSC) state by establishing auto-inductive nodes that drive self-renewal and tumorigenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald W Kufe
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, 450 Brookline Avenue, D830, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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16
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Lee HL, Chien YC, Wang HL, Hua CH, Liu LC, Wu GW, Bai LY, Yang SF, Yu YL. Analysis of MUC6 Genetic Variants on the Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Cancer 2022; 13:3251-3257. [PMID: 36118520 PMCID: PMC9475359 DOI: 10.7150/jca.75754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the leading malignancy associated with cancer-related deaths worldwide. Many studies have indicated that mucin (MUC) expression plays an important role in cancer metastasis and recurrence. MUC6 expression is observed in gastric and oncocytic phenotypes and may play an important role during cancer progression. We found the level of MUC6 is lower in HCC patients but did not affect the survival of HCC patients. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the combined effect of MUC6 polymorphisms and exposure to environmental carcinogens on the susceptibility to and clinicopathological characteristics of HCC. Three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of MUC6 (rs61869016, rs6597947, and rs7481521) from 1197 healthy controls and 423 HCC patients were analyzed using real-time PCR. After adjusting for other co-variants, we found that carrying a CC genotype at MUC6 rs61869016 had a lower risk of developing HCC than wildtype carriers. Moreover, patients with a smoking habit who carried the C allele of rs61869016 and T allele of rs7481521 had a higher (B or C) Child-Pugh score than other genotypes, suggesting significant functional compromise and decompensated disease. Therefore, our findings suggest that genetic variations in MUC6 may corelate to HCC and indicate progression in HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Lin Lee
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.,Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chung Chien
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.,Institute of Translational Medicine and New Drug Development, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.,Drug Development Center, Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.,Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Ling Wang
- Department of Beauty Science, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taichung 40404, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hung Hua
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Chih Liu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Guo-Wei Wu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yuan Bai
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Luen Yu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.,Institute of Translational Medicine and New Drug Development, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.,Drug Development Center, Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.,Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
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17
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Addiction of Cancer Stem Cells to MUC1-C in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158219. [PMID: 35897789 PMCID: PMC9331006 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive malignancy with limited treatment options. TNBC progression is associated with expansion of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Few insights are available regarding druggable targets that drive the TNBC CSC state. This review summarizes the literature on TNBC CSCs and the compelling evidence that they are addicted to the MUC1-C transmembrane protein. In normal epithelia, MUC1-C is activated by loss of homeostasis and induces reversible wound-healing responses of inflammation and repair. However, in settings of chronic inflammation, MUC1-C promotes carcinogenesis. MUC1-C induces EMT, epigenetic reprogramming and chromatin remodeling in TNBC CSCs, which are dependent on MUC1-C for self-renewal and tumorigenicity. MUC1-C-induced lineage plasticity in TNBC CSCs confers DNA damage resistance and immune evasion by chronic activation of inflammatory pathways and global changes in chromatin architecture. Of therapeutic significance, an antibody generated against the MUC1-C extracellular domain has been advanced in a clinical trial of anti-MUC1-C CAR T cells and in IND-enabling studies for development as an antibody–drug conjugate (ADC). Agents targeting the MUC1-C cytoplasmic domain have also entered the clinic and are undergoing further development as candidates for advancing TNBC treatment. Eliminating TNBC CSCs will be necessary for curing this recalcitrant cancer and MUC1-C represents a promising druggable target for achieving that goal.
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18
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Mullins R, Pal A, Barrett TF, Neal MEH, Puram SV. Epithelial-Mesenchymal Plasticity in Tumor Immune Evasion. Cancer Res 2022; 82:2329-2343. [PMID: 35363853 PMCID: PMC9256788 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-4370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a fundamental process that occurs during embryogenesis and tissue repair. However, EMT can be hijacked by malignant cells, where it may promote immune evasion and metastasis. Classically considered a dichotomous transition, EMT in cancer has recently been considered a plastic process whereby malignant cells display and interconvert among hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal (E/M) states. Epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity (EMP) and associated hybrid E/M states are divergent from classical EMT, with unique immunomodulatory effects. Here, we review recent insights into the EMP-immune cross-talk, highlighting possible mechanisms of immune evasion conferred by hybrid E/M states and roles of immune cells in EMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riley Mullins
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A
| | - Ananya Pal
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A
| | - Thomas F Barrett
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A
| | - Molly E Heft Neal
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A
| | - Sidharth V Puram
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A.,Corresponding author: Sidharth V. Puram, MD PhD, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave., Campus Box 8115, St. Louis, MO 63110, (314) 362-7509,
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19
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Xie Y, Ning S, Hu J. Molecular mechanisms of neuroendocrine differentiation in prostate cancer progression. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 148:1813-1823. [PMID: 35633416 PMCID: PMC9189092 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04061-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background Rapid evolution of the therapeutic management of prostate cancer, especially in in second-generation androgen inhibitors, has increased the opportunity of transformation from prostate cancer (PCa) to neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC). NEPC still lacks effective diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. Researches into the molecular characteristics of neuroendocrine differentiation is undoubtedly crucial to the discovery of new target genes for accurate diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Purpose In this review, we focus on the relevant genes and molecular mechanisms that have contributed to the transformation in the progression of PCa and discuss the potential targeted molecule that might improve diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic effectiveness. Methods The relevant literatures from PubMed have been reviewed for this article. Conclusion Several molecular characteristics influence the progression of neuroendocrine differentiation of prostate cancer which will provide a novel sight for accurate diagnosis and target therapeutic intervention for patients with NEPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Xie
- Affiliated Renmin Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang First People's Hospital, Zhenjiang, 212002, China
| | - Songyi Ning
- Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Jianpeng Hu
- Affiliated Renmin Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang First People's Hospital, Zhenjiang, 212002, China.
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20
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Unveiling the Molecular Mechanisms Driving the Capsaicin-Induced Immunomodulatory Effects on PD-L1 Expression in Bladder and Renal Cancer Cell Lines. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112644. [PMID: 35681623 PMCID: PMC9179445 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Over time, capsaicin (CPS) has been considered both a potential anti-cancer and pro-cancer molecule. Hence, the diversity of CPS functioning has already been established. Now, exploration of its application with immunotherapies might open up a new avenue in cancer therapy. Herein, the application of CPS as an immunoadjuvant to overcome the tumor’s immune-escaping mechanisms or to increase immune checkpoint therapy has been approached. In bladder cancer, the interaction of CPS with its receptor TRPV1 increases PD-L1 expression, promoting a tumorigenic effect and also providing a target for anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy. On the contrary, in renal cell carcinoma, CPS downregulates PD-L1 expression in a TRPV1-independent manner, suggesting a potential application of CPS as an immune-adjuvant in this type of cancer. Abstract The blockade of the PD-L1/PD-1 immune checkpoint has promising efficacy in cancer treatment. However, few patients with bladder cancer (BC) or renal cell carcinoma (RCC) respond to this approach. Thus, it is important to implement a strategy to stimulate the immune anti-tumor response. In this scenario, our study evaluated the effects of a low capsaicin (CPS) dose in BC and RCC cell lines. Western blot, qRT-PCR and confocal microscopy were used to assess PD-L1 mRNA and protein expression. Alterations to the cellular oxidative status and changes to the antioxidant NME4 levels, mRNA modulation of cytokines, growth factors, transcriptional factors and oncogene, and the activation of Stat1/Stat3 pathways were examined using Western blot, cytofluorimetry and qRT-PCR profiling assays. In BC, CPS triggers an altered stress oxidative-mediated DNA double-strand break response and increases the PD-L1 expression. On the contrary, in RCC, CPS, by stimulating an efficient DNA damage repair response, thus triggering protein carbonylation, reduces the PD-L1 expression. Overall, our results show that CPS mediates a multi-faceted approach. In modulating PD-L1 expression, there is a rationale for CPS exploitation as a stimulus that increases BC cells’ response to immunotherapy or as an immune adjuvant to improve the efficacy of the conventional therapy in RCC patients.
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21
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Koltai T, Reshkin SJ, Carvalho TMA, Di Molfetta D, Greco MR, Alfarouk KO, Cardone RA. Resistance to Gemcitabine in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Physiopathologic and Pharmacologic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2486. [PMID: 35626089 PMCID: PMC9139729 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a very aggressive tumor with a poor prognosis and inadequate response to treatment. Many factors contribute to this therapeutic failure: lack of symptoms until the tumor reaches an advanced stage, leading to late diagnosis; early lymphatic and hematic spread; advanced age of patients; important development of a pro-tumoral and hyperfibrotic stroma; high genetic and metabolic heterogeneity; poor vascular supply; a highly acidic matrix; extreme hypoxia; and early development of resistance to the available therapeutic options. In most cases, the disease is silent for a long time, andwhen it does become symptomatic, it is too late for ablative surgery; this is one of the major reasons explaining the short survival associated with the disease. Even when surgery is possible, relapsesare frequent, andthe causes of this devastating picture are the low efficacy ofand early resistance to all known chemotherapeutic treatments. Thus, it is imperative to analyze the roots of this resistance in order to improve the benefits of therapy. PDAC chemoresistance is the final product of different, but to some extent, interconnected factors. Surgery, being the most adequate treatment for pancreatic cancer and the only one that in a few selected cases can achieve longer survival, is only possible in less than 20% of patients. Thus, the treatment burden relies on chemotherapy in mostcases. While the FOLFIRINOX scheme has a slightly longer overall survival, it also produces many more adverse eventsso that gemcitabine is still considered the first choice for treatment, especially in combination with other compounds/agents. This review discusses the multiple causes of gemcitabine resistance in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephan Joel Reshkin
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (T.M.A.C.); (D.D.M.); (M.R.G.); (R.A.C.)
| | - Tiago M. A. Carvalho
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (T.M.A.C.); (D.D.M.); (M.R.G.); (R.A.C.)
| | - Daria Di Molfetta
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (T.M.A.C.); (D.D.M.); (M.R.G.); (R.A.C.)
| | - Maria Raffaella Greco
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (T.M.A.C.); (D.D.M.); (M.R.G.); (R.A.C.)
| | - Khalid Omer Alfarouk
- Zamzam Research Center, Zamzam University College, Khartoum 11123, Sudan;
- Alfarouk Biomedical Research LLC, Temple Terrace, FL 33617, USA
| | - Rosa Angela Cardone
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (T.M.A.C.); (D.D.M.); (M.R.G.); (R.A.C.)
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22
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Kufe DW. Chronic activation of MUC1-C in wound repair promotes progression to cancer stem cells. JOURNAL OF CANCER METASTASIS AND TREATMENT 2022; 8. [PMID: 35539431 PMCID: PMC9083497 DOI: 10.20517/2394-4722.2022.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The mucin 1 (MUC1) gene emerged in mammals to afford protection of barrier epithelial tissues from the external environment. MUC1 encodes a transmembrane C-terminal (MUC1-C) subunit that is activated by loss of homeostasis and induces inflammatory, proliferative, and remodeling pathways associated with wound repair. As a consequence, chronic activation of MUC1-C promotes lineage plasticity, epigenetic reprogramming, and carcinogenesis. In driving cancer progression, MUC1-C is imported into the nucleus, where it induces NF-κB inflammatory signaling and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). MUC1-C represses gene expression by activating (i) DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and DNMT3b, (ii) Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 (PRC1) and PRC2, and (iii) the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase (NuRD) complex. PRC1/2-mediated gene repression is counteracted by the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes. MUC1-C activates the SWI/SNF BAF and PBAF complexes in cancer stem cell (CSC) models with the induction of genome-wide differentially accessible regions and expressed genes. MUC1-C regulates chromatin accessibility of enhancer-like signatures in association with the induction of the Yamanaka pluripotency factors and recruitment of JUN and BAF, which promote increases in histone activation marks and opening of chromatin. These and other findings described in this review have uncovered a pivotal role for MUC1-C in integrating lineage plasticity and epigenetic reprogramming, which are transient in wound repair and sustained in promoting CSC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald W Kufe
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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23
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Zhao YQ, Wu T, Wang LF, Yin B, Shi M, Jiang B, Gong-Sun X, Song XM, Liu XY. Targeting MUC1-C reverses the cisplatin resistance of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. Transl Cancer Res 2022; 10:645-655. [PMID: 35116398 PMCID: PMC8799139 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-20-2495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The efficacy of chemotherapeutic treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is limited by drug resistance during. This severely compromises the long-term survival rate of patients. Therefore, reversing chemotherapy resistance in ESCC may improve the therapeutic outcome. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanism of MUC1-C, the C-terminal transmembrane subunit of MUC1 (a transmembrane heterodimer protein), and its role in the reversal of cisplatin sensitivity in ESCC cells. METHODS We assessed the efficacy of GO-203, a cell-penetrating peptide, as a chemotherapeutic target of MUC1-C using cell proliferation, colony-forming, and transwell assays. Apoptosis was analyzed in GO-203-treated cells by flow cytometry. Tumor xenograft assay was performed in nude mice to corroborate our in vitro findings. RESULTS GO-203 treatment inhibited cell proliferation and restrained the migration and invasion of cisplatin-resistant ESCC. Moreover, targeting MUC1 resulted in enhanced apoptosis in GO-203-treated cells. These in vitro pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects of GO-203 in combination with cisplatin were validated by in vivo models. Significantly smaller tumor volumes were observed in ESCCs-xenografted nude mice treated with GO-203 in combination with cisplatin compared with mice treated with monotherapy or their control counterparts. We found that blocking MUC1-C with GO-203 significantly reversed the cisplatin resistance in ESCC via modulating Akt and ERK pathways. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that GO-203 may hold potential as an ancillary therapeutic molecule and a chemosensitizer to improve the outcomes of cisplatin-based chemotherapy especially in patients with cisplatin-resistant ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Qiang Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinan People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Ting Wu
- Department of Imaging Department, Jinan People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Li-Feng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Bo Yin
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinan People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Mo Shi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xin Gong-Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xue-Min Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiang-Yan Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
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24
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Kumar AR, Devan AR, Nair B, Nair RR, Nath LR. Biology, Significance and Immune Signaling of Mucin 1 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2022; 22:725-740. [PMID: 35301949 DOI: 10.2174/1568009622666220317090552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Mucin 1 (MUC 1) is a highly glycosylated tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This protein plays a critical role in various immune-mediated signaling pathways at its transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, leading to immune evasion and metastasis in HCC. HCC cells maintain an immune-suppressive environment with the help of immunesuppressive tumor-associated antigens, resulting in a metastatic spread of the disease. The development of intense immunotherapeutic strategies to target tumor-associated antigen is critical to overcoming the progression of HCC. MUC 1 remains the most recognized tumor-associated antigen since its discovery over 30 years ago. A few promising immunotherapies targeting MUC 1 are currently under clinical trials, including CAR-T and CAR-pNK-mediated therapies. This review highlights the biosynthesis, significance, and clinical implication of MUC 1 as an immune target in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayana R Kumar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi-682041, Kerala, India
| | - Aswathy R Devan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi-682041, Kerala, India
| | - Bhagyalakshmi Nair
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi-682041, Kerala, India
| | | | - Lekshmi R Nath
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi-682041, Kerala, India
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25
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Slabáková E, Kahounová Z, Procházková J, Souček K. Regulation of Neuroendocrine-like Differentiation in Prostate Cancer by Non-Coding RNAs. Noncoding RNA 2021; 7:ncrna7040075. [PMID: 34940756 PMCID: PMC8704250 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna7040075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) represents a variant of prostate cancer that occurs in response to treatment resistance or, to a much lesser extent, de novo. Unravelling the molecular mechanisms behind transdifferentiation of cancer cells to neuroendocrine-like cancer cells is essential for development of new treatment opportunities. This review focuses on summarizing the role of small molecules, predominantly microRNAs, in this phenomenon. A published literature search was performed to identify microRNAs, which are reported and experimentally validated to modulate neuroendocrine markers and/or regulators and to affect the complex neuroendocrine phenotype. Next, available patients’ expression datasets were surveyed to identify deregulated microRNAs, and their effect on NEPC and prostate cancer progression is summarized. Finally, possibilities of miRNA detection and quantification in body fluids of prostate cancer patients and their possible use as liquid biopsy in prostate cancer monitoring are discussed. All the addressed clinical and experimental contexts point to an association of NEPC with upregulation of miR-375 and downregulation of miR-34a and miR-19b-3p. Together, this review provides an overview of different roles of non-coding RNAs in the emergence of neuroendocrine prostate cancer.
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26
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Development, Characterization, and In Vivo Evaluation of a Novel Aptamer (Anti-MUC1/Y) for Breast Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13081239. [PMID: 34452200 PMCID: PMC8400696 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
MUC1, the transmembrane glycoprotein Mucin 1, is usually found to be overexpressed in a variety of epithelial cancers playing an important role in disease progression. MUC1 isoforms such as MUC1/Y, which lacks the entire variable number of tandem repeat region, are involved in oncogenic processes by enhancing tumour initiation. MUC1/Y is therefore considered a promising target for the identification and treatment of epithelial cancers; but so far, the precise role of MUC1/Y remains to be elucidated. In this work, we developed and identified a DNA aptamer that specifically recognizes the splice variant MUC1/Y for the first time. The DNA aptamer could bind to a wide variety of human cancer cells, and treatment of MUC1/Y positive cells resulted in reduced growth in vitro. Moreover, MUC1/Y aptamer inhibited the tumour growth of breast cancer cells in vivo. The present study highlights the importance of targeting MUC1/Y for cancer treatment and unravels the suitability of a DNA aptamer to act as a new therapeutic tool.
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27
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Supruniuk K, Radziejewska I. MUC1 is an oncoprotein with a significant role in apoptosis (Review). Int J Oncol 2021; 59:68. [PMID: 34278474 PMCID: PMC8360618 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2021.5248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucin 1 (MUC1) is a membrane-bound, highly glycosylated protein that is overexpressed in all stages of malignant transformation. Overexpression of MUC1 together with loss of polarization and hypoglycosylation are associated with resistance to apoptosis, which is the process that results in efficient removal of damaged cells. Inhibition of the apoptotic process is responsible for tumor development, tumor progression and drug resistance. MUC1 is considered as an oncogenic molecule that is involved in various signaling pathways responsible for the regulation of apoptosis. Based on this, the aim of the present study was to discuss the involvement of MUC1 in the divergent mechanisms regulating programmed cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Supruniuk
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Białystok, 15‑222 Białystok, Poland
| | - Iwona Radziejewska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Białystok, 15‑222 Białystok, Poland
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28
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Zhao H, Wang L, Wang S, Chen X, Liang M, Zhang X, Wang J, Xu X. CHN1 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition via the Akt/GSK-3β/Snail pathway in cervical carcinoma. J Transl Med 2021; 19:295. [PMID: 34238315 PMCID: PMC8264971 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-02963-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Metastasis and invasion are crucial in determining the mortality of cervical carcinoma (CC) patients. The epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is now a universal explanation for the mechanisms of tumor metastasis. Α-chimeric protein (α-chimaerin, CHN1) plays an important role in the regulation of signal transduction and development. However, the molecular regulatory relationships between CHN1 and CC progression in relation to EMT have not yet been identified. Methods The expression of CHN1 in CC tissues, adjacent tissues, and lymph node metastases from CC patients was detected by immunohistochemistry. Upregulation and knockdown of CHN1 were achieved by transfection of CC cells. The effect of CHN1 on cell proliferation was determined by CCK-8 and plate clone formation assays. Changes in migration and invasion capabilities were evaluated using scratch migration and transwell invasion assays. The effect of CHN1 overexpression and interference on xenograft tumor growth was determined by tumor weight and pathological analyses. The expression of EMT-related mRNAs was measured by qRT-PCR in transfected CC cells. EMT-related proteins and Akt/GSK-3β/Snail signaling pathway-related proteins were also evaluated by western blotting. Results CHN1 was overexpressed in CC tissues and was associated with lymph node metastasis and low survival in CC patients. Overexpression of CHN1 promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in CC cells. In contrast, silencing of CHN1 inhibited these phenomena. Overexpression of CHN1 promoted tumor formation in an in vivo xenograft tumor mouse model, with increased tumor volumes and weights. In addition, CHN1 induced the expression of EMT-related transcription factors, accompanied by the decreased expression of epithelial markers and increased expression of mesenchymal markers. The Akt/GSK-3β/Snail signaling pathway was activated by overexpression of CHN1 in vitro, and activation of this pathway was inhibited by the signaling pathway inhibitor LY294002. Conclusion These results suggest that CHN1 promotes the development and progression of cervical carcinoma via the Akt/GSK-3β/Snail pathway by inducing EMT. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-021-02963-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoqi Zhao
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.,Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, 100081, China.,National Engineering and Research Center of Continuous Casting Technology, China Iron and Steel Research Institute Group, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Biopharmaceutical R&D Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, 215126, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shufang Wang
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.,Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, 100081, China.,Department of Forensic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Xihua Chen
- Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Min Liang
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.,Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.,Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jiedong Wang
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.,Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiangbo Xu
- Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, 100081, China.
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29
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Chen W, Zhang Z, Zhang S, Zhu P, Ko JKS, Yung KKL. MUC1: Structure, Function, and Clinic Application in Epithelial Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126567. [PMID: 34207342 PMCID: PMC8234110 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The transmembrane glycoprotein mucin 1 (MUC1) is a mucin family member that has different functions in normal and cancer cells. Owing to its structural and biochemical properties, MUC1 can act as a lubricant, moisturizer, and physical barrier in normal cells. However, in cancer cells, MUC1 often undergoes aberrant glycosylation and overexpression. It is involved in cancer invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and apoptosis by virtue of its participation in intracellular signaling processes and the regulation of related biomolecules. This review introduces the biological structure and different roles of MUC1 in normal and cancer cells and the regulatory mechanisms governing these roles. It also evaluates current research progress and the clinical applications of MUC1 in cancer therapy based on its characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Chen
- Division of Teaching and Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Zhu Zhang
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; (Z.Z.); (S.Z.); (P.Z.)
| | - Shiqing Zhang
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; (Z.Z.); (S.Z.); (P.Z.)
| | - Peili Zhu
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; (Z.Z.); (S.Z.); (P.Z.)
| | - Joshua Ka-Shun Ko
- Division of Teaching and Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China;
- Correspondence: (J.K.-S.K.); (K.K.-L.Y.); Tel.: +852-3411-2907 (J.K.-S.K.); +852-3411-7060 (K.K.-L.Y.); Fax: +852-3411-2461 (J.K.-S.K.); +852-3411-5995 (K.K.-L.Y.)
| | - Ken Kin-Lam Yung
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; (Z.Z.); (S.Z.); (P.Z.)
- Correspondence: (J.K.-S.K.); (K.K.-L.Y.); Tel.: +852-3411-2907 (J.K.-S.K.); +852-3411-7060 (K.K.-L.Y.); Fax: +852-3411-2461 (J.K.-S.K.); +852-3411-5995 (K.K.-L.Y.)
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30
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Kufe DW. MUC1-C in chronic inflammation and carcinogenesis; emergence as a target for cancer treatment. Carcinogenesis 2021; 41:1173-1183. [PMID: 32710608 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgaa082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is a highly prevalent consequence of changes in environmental and lifestyle factors that contribute to the development of cancer. The basis for this critical association has largely remained unclear. The MUC1 gene evolved in mammals to protect epithelia from the external environment. The MUC1-C subunit promotes responses found in wound healing and cancer. MUC1-C induces EMT, epigenetic reprogramming, dedifferentiation and pluripotency factor expression, which when prolonged in chronic inflammation promote cancer progression. As discussed in this review, MUC1-C also drives drug resistance and immune evasion, and is an important target for cancer therapeutics now under development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald W Kufe
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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31
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Khodabakhsh F, Merikhian P, Eisavand MR, Farahmand L. Crosstalk between MUC1 and VEGF in angiogenesis and metastasis: a review highlighting roles of the MUC1 with an emphasis on metastatic and angiogenic signaling. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:200. [PMID: 33836774 PMCID: PMC8033681 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01899-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
VEGF and its receptor family (VEGFR) members have unique signaling transduction system that play significant roles in most pathological processes, such as angiogenesis in tumor growth and metastasis. VEGF-VEGFR complex is a highly specific mitogen for endothelial cells and any de-regulation of the angiogenic balance implicates directly in endothelial cell proliferation and migration. Moreover, it has been shown that overexpressing Mucin 1 (MUC1) on the surface of many tumor cells resulting in upregulation of numerous signaling transduction cascades, such as growth and survival signaling pathways related to RTKs, loss of cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion, and EMT. It promotes gene transcription of pro-angiogenic proteins such as HIF-1α during periods of oxygen scarcity (hypoxia) to enhance tumor growth and angiogenesis stimulation. In contrast, the cytoplasmic domain of MUC1 (MUC1-C) inhibits apoptosis, which in turn, impresses upon cell fate. Besides, it has been established that reduction in VEGF expression level correlated with silencing MUC1-C level indicating the anti-angiogenic effect of MUC1 downregulation. This review enumerates the role of MUC1-C oncoprotein and VEGF in angiogenesis and metastasis and describes several signaling pathways by which MUC1-C would mediate the pro-angiogenic activities of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Khodabakhsh
- Department of Genetics and Advanced Medical Technology, Medical Biotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parnaz Merikhian
- Recombinant Proteins Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, No. 146, South Gandhi Ave., Vanak Sq., Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Eisavand
- Recombinant Proteins Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, No. 146, South Gandhi Ave., Vanak Sq., Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Farahmand
- Recombinant Proteins Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, No. 146, South Gandhi Ave., Vanak Sq., Tehran, Iran.
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Lin B, Wang Q, Liu K, Dong X, Zhu M, Li M. Alpha-Fetoprotein Binding Mucin and Scavenger Receptors: An Available Bio-Target for Treating Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:625936. [PMID: 33718192 PMCID: PMC7947232 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.625936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) entrance into cancer cells is mediated by AFP receptors (AFPRs) and exerts malignant effects. Therefore, understanding the structure of AFPRs will facilitate the development of rational approaches for vaccine design, drug delivery, antagonizing immune suppression and diagnostic imaging to treat cancer effectively. Throughout the last three decades, the identification of universal receptors for AFP has failed due to their complex carbohydrate polymer structures. Here, we focused on the two types of binding proteins or receptors that may serve as AFPRs, namely, the A) mucin receptors family, and B) the scavenger family. We presented an informative review with detailed descriptions of the signal transduction, cross-talk, and interplay of various transcription factors which highlight the downstream events following AFP binding to mucin or scavenger receptors. We mainly explored the underlying mechanisms involved mucin or scavenger receptors that interact with AFP, provide more evidence to support these receptors as tumor AFPRs, and establish a theoretical basis for targeting therapy of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Lin
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Qiujiao Wang
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Xu Dong
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Mingyue Zhu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Mengsen Li
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China.,Institution of Tumor, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
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Kaarijärvi R, Kaljunen H, Ketola K. Molecular and Functional Links between Neurodevelopmental Processes and Treatment-Induced Neuroendocrine Plasticity in Prostate Cancer Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040692. [PMID: 33572108 PMCID: PMC7915380 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Treatment-induced neuroendocrine prostate cancer (t-NEPC) is a subtype of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) which develops under prolonged androgen deprivation therapy. The mechanisms and pathways underlying the t-NEPC are still poorly understood and there are no effective treatments available. Here, we summarize the literature on the molecules and pathways contributing to neuroendocrine phenotype in prostate cancer in the context of their known cellular neurodevelopmental processes. We also discuss the role of tumor microenvironment in neuroendocrine plasticity, future directions, and therapeutic options under clinical investigation for neuroendocrine prostate cancer. Abstract Neuroendocrine plasticity and treatment-induced neuroendocrine phenotypes have recently been proposed as important resistance mechanisms underlying prostate cancer progression. Treatment-induced neuroendocrine prostate cancer (t-NEPC) is highly aggressive subtype of castration-resistant prostate cancer which develops for one fifth of patients under prolonged androgen deprivation. In recent years, understanding of molecular features and phenotypic changes in neuroendocrine plasticity has been grown. However, there are still fundamental questions to be answered in this emerging research field, for example, why and how do the prostate cancer treatment-resistant cells acquire neuron-like phenotype. The advantages of the phenotypic change and the role of tumor microenvironment in controlling cellular plasticity and in the emergence of treatment-resistant aggressive forms of prostate cancer is mostly unknown. Here, we discuss the molecular and functional links between neurodevelopmental processes and treatment-induced neuroendocrine plasticity in prostate cancer progression and treatment resistance. We provide an overview of the emergence of neurite-like cells in neuroendocrine prostate cancer cells and whether the reported t-NEPC pathways and proteins relate to neurodevelopmental processes like neurogenesis and axonogenesis during the development of treatment resistance. We also discuss emerging novel therapeutic targets modulating neuroendocrine plasticity.
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Abstract
Despite the decline in death rate from breast cancer and recent advances in targeted therapies and combinations for the treatment of metastatic disease, metastatic breast cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer-associated death in U.S. women. The invasion-metastasis cascade involves a number of steps and multitudes of proteins and signaling molecules. The pathways include invasion, intravasation, circulation, extravasation, infiltration into a distant site to form a metastatic niche, and micrometastasis formation in a new environment. Each of these processes is regulated by changes in gene expression. Noncoding RNAs including microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in breast cancer tumorigenesis, progression, and metastasis by post-transcriptional regulation of target gene expression. miRNAs can stimulate oncogenesis (oncomiRs), inhibit tumor growth (tumor suppressors or miRsupps), and regulate gene targets in metastasis (metastamiRs). The goal of this review is to summarize some of the key miRNAs that regulate genes and pathways involved in metastatic breast cancer with an emphasis on estrogen receptor α (ERα+) breast cancer. We reviewed the identity, regulation, human breast tumor expression, and reported prognostic significance of miRNAs that have been documented to directly target key genes in pathways, including epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) contributing to the metastatic cascade. We critically evaluated the evidence for metastamiRs and their targets and miRNA regulation of metastasis suppressor genes in breast cancer progression and metastasis. It is clear that our understanding of miRNA regulation of targets in metastasis is incomplete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda J Petri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Carolyn M Klinge
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA.
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Antonangeli F, Natalini A, Garassino MC, Sica A, Santoni A, Di Rosa F. Regulation of PD-L1 Expression by NF-κB in Cancer. Front Immunol 2020; 11:584626. [PMID: 33324403 PMCID: PMC7724774 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.584626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoints are inhibitory receptor/ligand pairs regulating immunity that are exploited as key targets of anti-cancer therapy. Although the PD-1/PD-L1 pair is one of the most studied immune checkpoints, several aspects of its biology remain to be clarified. It has been established that PD-1 is an inhibitory receptor up-regulated by activated T, B, and NK lymphocytes and that its ligand PD-L1 mediates a negative feedback of lymphocyte activation, contributing to the restoration of the steady state condition after acute immune responses. This loop might become detrimental in the presence of either a chronic infection or a growing tumor. PD-L1 expression in tumors is currently used as a biomarker to orient therapeutic decisions; nevertheless, our knowledge about the regulation of PD-L1 expression is limited. The present review discusses how NF-κB, a master transcription factor of inflammation and immunity, is emerging as a key positive regulator of PD-L1 expression in cancer. NF-κB directly induces PD-L1 gene transcription by binding to its promoter, and it can also regulate PD-L1 post-transcriptionally through indirect pathways. These processes, which under conditions of cellular stress and acute inflammation drive tissue homeostasis and promote tissue healing, are largely dysregulated in tumors. Up-regulation of PD-L1 in cancer cells is controlled via NF-κB downstream of several signals, including oncogene- and stress-induced pathways, inflammatory cytokines, and chemotherapeutic drugs. Notably, a shared signaling pathway in epithelial cancers induces both PD-L1 expression and epithelial–mesenchymal transition, suggesting that PD-L1 is part of the tissue remodeling program. Furthermore, PD-L1 expression by tumor infiltrating myeloid cells can contribute to the immune suppressive features of the tumor environment. A better understanding of the interplay between NF-κB signaling and PD-L1 expression is highly relevant to cancer biology and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Antonangeli
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Ambra Natalini
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Marina Chiara Garassino
- Medical Oncology Department, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Sica
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, A. Avogadro, Novara, Italy.,Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Santoni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Di Rosa
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy
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GATA6 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis through MUC1/β-catenin pathway in cholangiocarcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:860. [PMID: 33060563 PMCID: PMC7567063 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03070-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
GATA6 acts as an oncogene or tumour suppressor in different cancers. Previously, we found that aberrant expression of GATA6 promoted metastasis in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). However, the mechanism by which GATA6 promotes metastasis in CCA is unclear. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the role of GATA6 in CCA cell epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). Our results showed that GATA6 expression was positively associated with N-cadherin and vimentin expression but negatively associated with E-cadherin expression in 91 CCA samples. GATA6 promoted EMT and metastasis in CCA cells in vitro and in vivo based on knockdown and overexpression analyses. ChIP-sequencing data revealed that MUC1 is a novel downstream target of GATA6. GATA6 upregulated MUC1 expression through binding to both the 1584 and 1456 GATA-motifs in the promoter region and enhancing its transcription by luciferase reporter assays and point-mutant assays. MUC1 expression was positively associated with N-cadherin and vimentin expression but negatively associated with E-cadherin expression in 91 CCA samples. In addition, MUC1 promoted EMT in CCA cells based on knockdown and overexpression analyses. Moreover, MUC1 knockdown significantly abrogated the GATA6-induced EMT in CCA cells, indicating that MUC1 promoted EMT through upregulating MUC1 in CCA cells. β-Catenin is a putative transcriptional coactivator that regulates EMT in cancers. Our data showed that MUC1 expression was positively associated with nuclear β-catenin expression in 91 CCA samples. MUC1 upregulated nuclear β-catenin expression in CCA cells. Moreover, MUC1 bound to β-catenin in CCA cells based on protein immunoprecipitation analyses. MUC1 knockdown significantly decreased the binding of MUC1 to β-catenin, and thereby decreased nuclear β-catenin protein levels in CCA cells, indicating that MUC1 bound to β-catenin and increased its nuclear expression in CCA cells. Together, our results show that GATA6 promotes EMT through MUC1/β-catenin pathway in CCA, indicating potential implications for anti-metastatic therapy.
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Smart JA, Oleksak JE, Hartsough EJ. Cell Adhesion Molecules in Plasticity and Metastasis. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 19:25-37. [PMID: 33004622 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Prior to metastasis, modern therapeutics and surgical intervention can provide a favorable long-term survival for patients diagnosed with many types of cancers. However, prognosis is poor for patients with metastasized disease. Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer, yet in situ and localized, thin melanomas can be biopsied with little to no postsurgical follow-up. However, patients with metastatic melanoma require significant clinical involvement and have a 5-year survival of only 34% to 52%, largely dependent on the site of colonization. Melanoma metastasis is a multi-step process requiring dynamic changes in cell surface proteins regulating adhesiveness to the extracellular matrix (ECM), stroma, and other cancer cells in varied tumor microenvironments. Here we will highlight recent literature to underscore how cell adhesion molecules (CAM) contribute to melanoma disease progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Smart
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Julia E Oleksak
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Professional Studies, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Edward J Hartsough
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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Sohn SH, Sul HJ, Kim B, Kim BJ, Kim HS, Zang DY. Tepotinib Inhibits the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Tumor Growth of Gastric Cancers by Increasing GSK3β, E-Cadherin, and Mucin 5AC and 6 Levels. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176027. [PMID: 32825724 PMCID: PMC7503648 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expression of mucins (MUCs) can promote the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), which leads to enhanced tumorigenesis. Carcinogenesis-related pathways involving c-MET and β-catenin are associated with MUCs. In this study, we characterized the expression of EMT-relevant proteins including MET, β-catenin, and E-cadherin in human gastric cancer (GC) cell lines, and further characterized the differential susceptibility of these cell lines compared with the c-MET inhibitor tepotinib. We assessed the antitumor activity of tepotinib in GC cell lines. The effects of tepotinib on cell viability, apoptotic cell death, EMT, and c-MET and β-catenin signaling were evaluated by 3-(4,5 dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS), flow cytometry, Western blotting, and qRT-PCR. The antitumor efficacy was assessed in MKN45 xenograft mice. Tepotinib treatment induced apoptosis in c-MET-amplified SNU620, MKN45, and KATO III cells, but had no effect on c-MET-reduced MKN28 or AGS cells. Tepotinib treatment also significantly reduced the protein levels of phosphorylated and total c-MET, phosphorylated and total ERK, β-catenin, and c-MYC in SNU620 and MKN45 cells. In contrast, this drug was only slightly active against KATO III cells. Notably, tepotinib significantly reduced the expression of EMT-promoting genes such as MMP7, COX-2, WNT1, MUC5B, and c-MYC in c-MET-amplified GC cells and increased the expression of EMT-suppressing genes such as MUC5AC, MUC6, GSK3β, and E-cadherin. In a mouse model, tepotinib exhibited good antitumor growth activity along with increased E-cadherin and decreased phosphorylated c-MET (phospho-c-MET) protein levels. Collectively, these results suggest that tepotinib suppresses tumor growth and migration by negatively regulating c-MET-induced EMT. These findings provide new insights into the mechanism by which MUC5AC and MUC6 contribute to GC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Hwa Sohn
- Hallym Translational Research Institute, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang 14066, Korea; (S.-H.S.); (H.J.S.); (B.K.)
| | - Hee Jung Sul
- Hallym Translational Research Institute, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang 14066, Korea; (S.-H.S.); (H.J.S.); (B.K.)
| | - Bohyun Kim
- Hallym Translational Research Institute, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang 14066, Korea; (S.-H.S.); (H.J.S.); (B.K.)
| | - Bum Jun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 14068, Korea; (B.J.K.); (H.S.K.)
| | - Hyeong Su Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 14068, Korea; (B.J.K.); (H.S.K.)
| | - Dae Young Zang
- Hallym Translational Research Institute, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang 14066, Korea; (S.-H.S.); (H.J.S.); (B.K.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 14068, Korea; (B.J.K.); (H.S.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-380-4167
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Zhang S, Zhang W, Xiao Y, Qin T, Yue Y, Qian W, Shen X, Ma Q, Wang Z. Targeting MUC15 Protein in Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2020; 20:647-653. [PMID: 32479243 DOI: 10.2174/1568009620666200601140639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
MUC15, a member of the mucin family, is a heavily glycosylated transmembrane protein with the primary functions of lubricating surfaces, establishing a selective molecular barrier at the epithelium and mediating signal transduction. Aberrant expression of MUC15 plays a crucial role in the progression of multiple diseases, including malignant tumors. MUC15 has been identified as a tumor suppressor, but current evidence indicate its function as an oncogene in different types of cancers. MUC15 has been shown to be involved in the development of cancer and influence cellular growth, adhesion, invasion, metastasis and immune immunomodulation. However, the precise role of MUC15 in tumour development has not been thoroughly clarified. Here, we systematically summarize the structure and function of MUC15 in cancer, and discuss its potential role in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simei Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Wunai Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Tao Qin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yangyang Yue
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Weikun Qian
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xin Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Qingyong Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
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Novel Antibodies Targeting MUC1-C Showed Anti-Metastasis and Growth-Inhibitory Effects on Human Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093258. [PMID: 32380650 PMCID: PMC7247325 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucin1 (MUC1) is aberrantly glycosylated and overexpressed in various cancers, and it plays a crucial role in cancerogenesis. MUC1 is a type I membranous protein composed of α and β subunits. MUC1-α can be cleaved in cancers, exposing MUC1-β (MUC1-C). MUC1-C is involved with multiple cancer cellular functions, which makes it an attractive target for cancer treatment. However, its multifunctional mechanisms have not been fully elucidated and there has not been a successful therapeutic development against MUC1-C. Through a phage display process, we isolated the specific antibodies for the extracellular domain of MUC1-C. The relevant full IgG antibodies were produced successfully from mammalian cells and validated for their MUC1-C specificities through ELISA, dual FACS analysis, BLI assay, and confocal image analysis. In the comparison with reference antibody, elected antibodies showed characteristic bindings on target antigens. In the functionality assessment of high-ranking antibodies, SKM1-02, -13, and -20 antibodies highly inhibited invasion by triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells and the SKM1-02 showed strong growth inhibition of cancer cells. Our results showed that these MUC1-C specific antibodies will be important tools for the understanding of MUC1 oncogenesis and are also highly effective therapeutic candidates against human breast cancers, especially TNBC cells.
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41
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Benedetti R, Dell’Aversana C, De Marchi T, Rotili D, Liu NQ, Novakovic B, Boccella S, Di Maro S, Cosconati S, Baldi A, Niméus E, Schultz J, Höglund U, Maione S, Papulino C, Chianese U, Iovino F, Federico A, Mai A, Stunnenberg HG, Nebbioso A, Altucci L. Inhibition of Histone Demethylases LSD1 and UTX Regulates ERα Signaling in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11122027. [PMID: 31888209 PMCID: PMC6966629 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11122027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In breast cancer, Lysine-specific demethylase-1 (LSD1) and other lysine demethylases (KDMs), such as Lysine-specific demethylase 6A also known as Ubiquitously transcribed tetratricopeptide repeat, X chromosome (UTX), are co-expressed and co-localize with estrogen receptors (ERs), suggesting the potential use of hybrid (epi)molecules to target histone methylation and therefore regulate/redirect hormone receptor signaling. Here, we report on the biological activity of a dual-KDM inhibitor (MC3324), obtained by coupling the chemical properties of tranylcypromine, a known LSD1 inhibitor, with the 2OG competitive moiety developed for JmjC inhibition. MC3324 displays unique features not exhibited by the single moieties and well-characterized mono-pharmacological inhibitors. Inhibiting LSD1 and UTX, MC3324 induces significant growth arrest and apoptosis in hormone-responsive breast cancer model accompanied by a robust increase in H3K4me2 and H3K27me3. MC3324 down-regulates ERα in breast cancer at both transcriptional and non-transcriptional levels, mimicking the action of a selective endocrine receptor disruptor. MC3324 alters the histone methylation of ERα-regulated promoters, thereby affecting the transcription of genes involved in cell surveillance, hormone response, and death. MC3324 reduces cell proliferation in ex vivo breast cancers, as well as in breast models with acquired resistance to endocrine therapies. Similarly, MC3324 displays tumor-selective potential in vivo, in both xenograft mice and chicken embryo models, with no toxicity and good oral efficacy. This epigenetic multi-target approach is effective and may overcome potential mechanism(s) of resistance in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Benedetti
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.D.); (C.P.); (U.C.); (A.N.)
- Correspondence: (R.B.); (L.A.); Tel.: +39-081-5667564 (R.B.); +39-081-5667569 (L.A.)
| | - Carmela Dell’Aversana
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.D.); (C.P.); (U.C.); (A.N.)
- Institute Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “Gaetano Salvatore” (IEOS)-National Research Council (CNR) Via Sergio Pansini, 5-80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Tommaso De Marchi
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden; (T.D.M.); (E.N.)
| | - Dante Rotili
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (D.R.); (A.M.)
| | - Ning Qing Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Radboud University, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (N.Q.L.); (H.G.S.)
| | - Boris Novakovic
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute and Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Parkville Victoria 3052, Australia;
| | - Serena Boccella
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology “L. Donatelli”, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (S.B.); (S.M.)
| | - Salvatore Di Maro
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, University of Campania ’Luigi Vanvitelli’, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (S.D.M.); (S.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Sandro Cosconati
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, University of Campania ’Luigi Vanvitelli’, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (S.D.M.); (S.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Alfonso Baldi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, University of Campania ’Luigi Vanvitelli’, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (S.D.M.); (S.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Emma Niméus
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden; (T.D.M.); (E.N.)
- Department of Surgery, Skånes University Hospital, 222 29 Lund, Sweden
| | - Johan Schultz
- Kancera AB, Banvaktsvagen 22, SE-17148 Solna, Sweden;
| | - Urban Höglund
- Adlego Biomedical AB, P.O. Box 42, SE-751 03 Uppsala, Sweden;
| | - Sabatino Maione
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology “L. Donatelli”, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (S.B.); (S.M.)
| | - Chiara Papulino
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.D.); (C.P.); (U.C.); (A.N.)
| | - Ugo Chianese
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.D.); (C.P.); (U.C.); (A.N.)
| | - Francesco Iovino
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Antonio Federico
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33100 Tampere, Finland;
| | - Antonello Mai
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (D.R.); (A.M.)
| | - Hendrik G. Stunnenberg
- Department of Molecular Biology, Radboud University, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (N.Q.L.); (H.G.S.)
- Prinses Maxima Centrum, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Angela Nebbioso
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.D.); (C.P.); (U.C.); (A.N.)
| | - Lucia Altucci
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.D.); (C.P.); (U.C.); (A.N.)
- Correspondence: (R.B.); (L.A.); Tel.: +39-081-5667564 (R.B.); +39-081-5667569 (L.A.)
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Gatti‐Mays ME, Redman JM, Donahue RN, Palena C, Madan RA, Karzai F, Bilusic M, Sater HA, Marté JL, Cordes LM, McMahon S, Steinberg SM, Orpia A, Burmeister A, Schlom J, Gulley JL, Strauss J. A Phase I Trial Using a Multitargeted Recombinant Adenovirus 5 (CEA/MUC1/Brachyury)-Based Immunotherapy Vaccine Regimen in Patients with Advanced Cancer. Oncologist 2019; 25:479-e899. [PMID: 31594913 PMCID: PMC7288633 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2019-0608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
LESSONS LEARNED Concurrent ETBX-011, ETBX-051, and ETBX-061 can be safely administered to patients with advanced cancer. All patients developed CD4+ and/or CD8+ T-cell responses after vaccination to at least one tumor-associated antigen (TAA) encoded by the vaccine; 5/6 patients (83%) developed MUC1-specific T cells, 4/6 (67%) developed CEA-specific T cells, and 3/6 (50%) developed brachyury-specific T cells. The presence of adenovirus 5-neutralizing antibodies did not prevent the generation of TAA-specific T cells. BACKGROUND A novel adenovirus-based vaccine targeting three human tumor-associated antigens-CEA, MUC1, and brachyury-has demonstrated antitumor cytolytic T-cell responses in preclinical animal models of cancer. METHODS This open-label, phase I trial evaluated concurrent administration of three therapeutic vaccines (ETBX-011 = CEA, ETBX-061 = MUC1 and ETBX-051 = brachyury). All three vaccines used the same modified adenovirus 5 (Ad5) vector backbone and were administered at a single dose level (DL) of 5 × 1011 viral particles (VP) per vector. The vaccine regimen consisting of all three vaccines was given every 3 weeks for three doses then every 8 weeks for up to 1 year. Clinical and immune responses were evaluated. RESULTS Ten patients enrolled on trial (DL1 = 6 with 4 in the DL1 expansion cohort). All treatment-related adverse events were temporary, self-limiting, grade 1/2 and included injection site reactions and flu-like symptoms. Antigen-specific T cells to MUC1, CEA, and/or brachyury were generated in all patients. There was no evidence of antigenic competition. The administration of the vaccine regimen produced stable disease as the best clinical response. CONCLUSION Concurrent ETBX-011, ETBX-051, and ETBX-061 can be safely administered to patients with advanced cancer. Further studies of the vaccine regimen in combination with other agents, including immune checkpoint blockade, are planned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret E. Gatti‐Mays
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Jason M. Redman
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Renee N. Donahue
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Claudia Palena
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Ravi A. Madan
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Fatima Karzai
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Marijo Bilusic
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Houssein Abdul Sater
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Jennifer L. Marté
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Lisa M. Cordes
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Sheri McMahon
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Seth M. Steinberg
- Biostatistics and Data Management Section, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Alanvin Orpia
- Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc.FrederickMarylandUSA
| | | | - Jeffrey Schlom
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - James L. Gulley
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Julius Strauss
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
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Hata T, Rajabi H, Takahashi H, Yasumizu Y, Li W, Jin C, Long MD, Hu Q, Liu S, Fushimi A, Yamashita N, Kui L, Hong D, Yamamoto M, Miyo M, Hiraki M, Maeda T, Suzuki Y, Samur MK, Kufe D. MUC1-C Activates the NuRD Complex to Drive Dedifferentiation of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Cancer Res 2019; 79:5711-5722. [PMID: 31519689 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-1034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The NuRD chromatin remodeling and deacetylation complex, which includes MTA1, MBD3, CHD4, and HDAC1 among other components, is of importance for development and cancer progression. The oncogenic mucin 1 (MUC1) C-terminal subunit (MUC1-C) protein activates EZH2 and BMI1 in the epigenetic reprogramming of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, there is no known link between MUC1-C and chromatin remodeling complexes. Here, we showed that MUC1-C binds directly to the MYC HLH-LZ domain and identified a previously unrecognized MUC1-C→MYC pathway that regulates the NuRD complex. MUC1-C/MYC complexes selectively activated the MTA1 and MBD3 genes and posttranscriptionally induced CHD4 expression in basal- but not luminal-type BC cells. In turn, MUC1-C formed complexes with these NuRD components on the ESR1 promoter. Downregulating MUC1-C decreased MTA1/MBD3/CHD4/HDAC1 occupancy and increased H3K27 acetylation on the ESR1 promoter, with induction of ESR1 expression and downstream estrogen response pathways. Targeting MUC1-C and these NuRD components also induced expression of FOXA1, GATA3, and other markers associated with the luminal phenotype. These findings support a model in which MUC1-C activates the NuRD complex to drive dedifferentiation and reprogramming of TNBC cells. SIGNIFICANCE: MUC1-C directly interacts with MYC to activate the NuRD complex, mediating regulation of the estrogen receptor in triple-negative breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Hata
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hasan Rajabi
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hidekazu Takahashi
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yota Yasumizu
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Wei Li
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Caining Jin
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mark D Long
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Qiang Hu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Song Liu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Atsushi Fushimi
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nami Yamashita
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ling Kui
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Deli Hong
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Masaaki Yamamoto
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Masaaki Miyo
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Masayuki Hiraki
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Takahiro Maeda
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yozo Suzuki
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mehmet K Samur
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Donald Kufe
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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44
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MUC1-C represses the RASSF1A tumor suppressor in human carcinoma cells. Oncogene 2019; 38:7266-7277. [PMID: 31435022 PMCID: PMC6872931 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0940-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
RASSF1A encodes a tumor suppressor that inhibits the RAS→RAF→MEK→ERK pathway and is one of the most frequently inactivated genes in human cancers. MUC1-C is an oncogenic effector of the cancer cell epigenome that is overexpressed in diverse carcinomas. We show here that MUC1-C represses RASSF1A expression in KRAS wild-type and mutant cancer cells. Mechanistically, MUC1-C occupies the RASSF1A promoter in a complex with the ZEB1 transcriptional repressor. In turn, MUC1-C/ZEB1 complexes recruit DNA methyltransferase 3b (DNMT3b) to the CpG island in the RASSF1A promoter. Targeting MUC1-C, ZEB1 and DNMT3b thereby decreases methylation of the CpG island and derepresses RASSF1A transcription. We also show that targeting MUC1-C regulates KRAS signaling, as evidenced by RNA-seq analysis, and decreases MEK/ERK activation, which is of importance for RAS-mediated tumorigenicity. These findings define a previously unrecognized role for MUC1-C in suppression of RASSF1A and support targeting MUC1-C as an approach for inhibiting MEK→ERK signaling.
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45
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Liu Z, Lu C, Hu H, Cai Z, Liang Q, Sun W, Jiang L, Hu G. LINC00909 promotes tumor progression in human glioma through regulation of miR-194/MUC1-C axis. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 116:108965. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Hata T, Rajabi H, Yamamoto M, Jin C, Ahmad R, Zhang Y, Kui L, Li W, Yasumizu Y, Hong D, Miyo M, Hiraki M, Maeda T, Suzuki Y, Takahashi H, Samur M, Kufe D. Targeting MUC1-C Inhibits TWIST1 Signaling in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2019; 18:1744-1754. [PMID: 31308076 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-19-0156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The oncogenic MUC1-C protein and the TWIST1 epithelial-mesenchymal transition transcription factor (EMT-TF) are aberrantly expressed in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. However, there is no known association between MUC1-C and TWIST1 in TNBC or other cancer cells. Here, we show that MUC1-C activates STAT3, and that MUC1-C and pSTAT3 drive induction of the TWIST1 gene. In turn, MUC1-C binds directly to TWIST1, and MUC1-C/TWIST1 complexes activate MUC1-C expression in an autoinductive circuit. The functional significance of the MUC1-C/TWIST1 circuit is supported by the demonstration that this pathway is sufficient for driving (i) the EMT-TFs, ZEB1 and SNAIL, (ii) multiple genes in the EMT program as determined by RNA-seq, and (iii) the capacity for cell invasion. We also demonstrate that the MUC1-C/TWIST1 circuit drives (i) expression of the stem cell markers SOX2, BMI1, ALDH1, and CD44, (ii) self-renewal capacity, and (iii) tumorigenicity. In concert with these results, we show that MUC1-C and TWIST1 also drive EMT and stemness in association with acquired paclitaxel (PTX) resistance. Of potential therapeutic importance, targeting MUC1-C and thereby TWIST1 reverses the PTX refractory phenotype as evidenced by synergistic activity with PTX against drug-resistant cells. These findings uncover a master role for MUC1-C in driving the induction of TWIST1, EMT, stemness, and drug resistance, and support MUC1-C as a highly attractive target for inhibiting TNBC plasticity and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Hata
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hasan Rajabi
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Masaaki Yamamoto
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Caining Jin
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rehan Ahmad
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yan Zhang
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ling Kui
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Wei Li
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yota Yasumizu
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Deli Hong
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Masaaki Miyo
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Masayuki Hiraki
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Takahiro Maeda
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yozo Suzuki
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hidekazu Takahashi
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mehmet Samur
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Donald Kufe
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Tang F, Wang H, Chen E, Bian E, Xu Y, Ji X, Yang Z, Hua X, Zhang Y, Zhao B. LncRNA-ATB promotes TGF-β-induced glioma cells invasion through NF-κB and P38/MAPK pathway. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:23302-23314. [PMID: 31140621 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Glioma constitutes the most aggressive primary intracranial malignancy in adults. We previously showed that long noncoding RNA activated by TGF-β (lncRNA-ATB) promoted the glioma cells invasion. However, whether lncRNA-ATB is involved in TGF-β-mediated invasion of glioma cells remains unknown. In this study, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis were used for detecting the mRNA and protein expression of related genes, respectively. Transwell assay was performed to assess the impact of lncRNA-ATB on TGF-β-induced glioma cells migration and invasion. Immunofluorescence staining was utilized to characterize related protein distribution. Results showed that TGF-β upregulated lncRNA-ATB expression in glioma LN-18 and U251 cells. Overexpression of lncRNA-ATB activated nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway and promoted P65 translocation into the nucleus, thus facilitated glioma cells invasion stimulated by TGF-β. Similarly, lncRNA-ATB markedly enhanced TGF-β-mediated invasion of glioma cells through activation P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (P38/MAPK) pathway. Moreover, both the NF-κB selected inhibitor pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate ammonium and P38/MAPK specific inhibitor SB203580 partly reversed lncRNA-ATB induced glioma cells invasion mediated by TGF-β. Collectively, this study revealed that lncRNA-ATB promotes TGF-β-induced glioma cell invasion through NF-κB and P38/MAPK pathway and established a detailed framework for understanding the way how lncRNA-ATB performs its function in TGF-β-mediated glioma invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anuhi, China.,Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hongliang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anuhi, China.,Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Erfeng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anuhi, China.,Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Erbao Bian
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anuhi, China.,Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yadi Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anuhi, China.,Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xinghu Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anuhi, China.,Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhihao Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anuhi, China.,Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiangyang Hua
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anuhi, China.,Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yile Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anuhi, China.,Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Bing Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anuhi, China.,Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Gatti-Mays ME, Strauss J, Donahue RN, Palena C, Del Rivero J, Redman JM, Madan RA, Marté JL, Cordes LM, Lamping E, Orpia A, Burmeister A, Wagner E, Pico Navarro C, Heery CR, Schlom J, Gulley JL. A Phase I Dose-Escalation Trial of BN-CV301, a Recombinant Poxviral Vaccine Targeting MUC1 and CEA with Costimulatory Molecules. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:4933-4944. [PMID: 31110074 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-0183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE BN-CV301 is a poxviral-based vaccine comprised of recombinant (rec.) modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA-BN-CV301; prime) and rec. fowlpox (FPV-CV301; boost). Like its predecessor PANVAC, BN-CV301 contains transgenes encoding tumor-associated antigens MUC1 and CEA as well as costimulatory molecules (B7.1, ICAM-1, and LFA-3). PANVAC was reengineered to make it safer and more antigenic. PATIENTS AND METHODS This open-label, 3+3 design, dose-escalation trial evaluated three dose levels (DL) of MVA-BN-CV301: one, two, or four subcutaneous injections of 4 × 108 infectious units (Inf.U)/0.5 mL on weeks 0 and 4. All patients received FPV-CV301 subcutaneously at 1 × 109 Inf.U/0.5 mL every 2 weeks for 4 doses, then every 4 weeks. Clinical and immune responses were evaluated. RESULTS There were no dose-limiting toxicities. Twelve patients enrolled on trial [dose level (DL) 1 = 3, DL2 = 3, DL3 = 6). Most side effects were seen with the prime doses and lessened with subsequent boosters. All treatment-related adverse events were temporary, self-limiting, grade 1/2, and included injection-site reactions and flu-like symptoms. Antigen-specific T cells to MUC1 and CEA, as well as to a cascade antigen, brachyury, were generated in most patients. Single-agent BN-CV301 produced a confirmed partial response (PR) in 1 patient and prolonged stable disease (SD) in multiple patients, most notably in KRAS-mutant gastrointestinal tumors. Furthermore, 2 patients with KRAS-mutant colorectal cancer had prolonged SD when treated with an anti-PD-L1 antibody following BN-CV301. CONCLUSIONS The BN-CV301 vaccine can be safely administered to patients with advanced cancer. Further studies of the vaccine in combination with other agents are planned.See related commentary by Repáraz et al., p. 4871.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret E Gatti-Mays
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Julius Strauss
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Renee N Donahue
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Claudia Palena
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jaydira Del Rivero
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jason M Redman
- Medical Oncology Service, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ravi A Madan
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jennifer L Marté
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Lisa M Cordes
- Oncology Clinical Pharmacy, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Elizabeth Lamping
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Alanvin Orpia
- Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland
| | | | - Eva Wagner
- Bavarian Nordic GmbH, Martinsried, Germany
| | | | | | - Jeffrey Schlom
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - James L Gulley
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
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Afrin F, Khan I, Hemeg HA. Leishmania-Host Interactions-An Epigenetic Paradigm. Front Immunol 2019; 10:492. [PMID: 30967861 PMCID: PMC6438953 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is one of the major neglected tropical diseases, for which no vaccines exist. Chemotherapy is hampered by limited efficacy coupled with development of resistance and other side effects. Leishmania parasites elude the host defensive mechanisms by modulating their surface proteins as well as dampening the host's immune responses. The parasites use the conventional RNA polymerases peculiarly under different environmental cues or pressures such as the host's milieu or the drugs. The mechanisms that restructure post-translational modifications are poorly understood but altered epigenetic histone modifications are believed to be instrumental in influencing the chromatin remodeling in the parasite. Interestingly, the parasite also modulates gene expression of the hosts, thereby hijacking or dampening the host immune response. Epigenetic factor such as DNA methylation of cytosine residues has been incriminated in silencing of macrophage-specific genes responsible for defense against these parasites. Although there is dearth of information regarding the epigenetic alterations-mediated pathogenesis in these parasites and the host, the unique epigenetic marks may represent targets for potential anti-leishmanial drug candidates. This review circumscribes the epigenetic changes during Leishmania infection, and the epigenetic modifications they enforce upon the host cells to ensure a safe haven. The non-coding micro RNAs as post-transcriptional regulators and correlates of wound healing and toll-like receptor signaling, as well as prognostic biomarkers of therapeutic failure and healing time are also explored. Finally, we highlight the recent advances on how the epigenetic perturbations may impact leishmaniasis vaccine development as biomarkers of safety and immunogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhat Afrin
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Inbesat Khan
- Rajiv Gandhi Technical University, Bhopal, India
| | - Hassan A Hemeg
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madina, Saudi Arabia
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50
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Kasprzak A, Adamek A. Mucins: the Old, the New and the Promising Factors in Hepatobiliary Carcinogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20061288. [PMID: 30875782 PMCID: PMC6471604 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucins are large O-glycoproteins with high carbohydrate content and marked diversity in both the apoprotein and the oligosaccharide moieties. All three mucin types, trans-membrane (e.g., MUC1, MUC4, MUC16), secreted (gel-forming) (e.g., MUC2, MUC5AC, MUC6) and soluble (non-gel-forming) (e.g., MUC7, MUC8, MUC9, MUC20), are critical in maintaining cellular functions, particularly those of epithelial surfaces. Their aberrant expression and/or altered subcellular localization is a factor of tumour growth and apoptosis induced by oxidative stress and several anti-cancer agents. Abnormal expression of mucins was observed in human carcinomas that arise in various gastrointestinal organs. It was widely believed that hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) does not produce mucins, whereas cholangiocarcinoma (CC) or combined HCC-CC may produce these glycoproteins. However, a growing number of reports shows that mucins can be produced by HCC cells that do not exhibit or are yet to undergo, morphological differentiation to biliary phenotypes. Evaluation of mucin expression levels in precursors and early lesions of CC, as well as other types of primary liver cancer (PLC), conducted in in vitro and in vivo models, allowed to discover the mechanisms of their action, as well as their participation in the most important signalling pathways of liver cystogenesis and carcinogenesis. Analysis of mucin expression in PLC has both basic research and clinical value. Mucins may act as oncogenes and tumour-promoting (e.g., MUC1, MUC13), and/or tumour-suppressing factors (e.g., MUC15). Given their role in promoting PLC progression, both classic (MUC1, MUC2, MUC4, MUC5AC, MUC6) and currently tested mucins (e.g., MUC13, MUC15, MUC16) have been proposed to be important diagnostic and prognostic markers. The purpose of this review was to summarize and update the role of classic and currently tested mucins in pathogenesis of PLC, with explaining the mechanisms of their action in HCC carcinogenesis. It also focuses on determination of the diagnostic and prognostic role of these glycoproteins in PLC, especially focusing on HCC, CC and other hepatic tumours with- and without biliary differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldona Kasprzak
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Swiecicki Street 6, 60-781 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Adamek
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hepatology and Acquired Immunodeficiencies, University of Medical Sciences, Szwajcarska Street 3, 61-285 Poznań, Poland.
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