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Zhang Y, Ren Y, Li X, Li M, Fu M, Zhou W, Yu Y, Xiong Y. A review on decoding the roles of YAP/TAZ signaling pathway in cardiovascular diseases: Bridging molecular mechanisms to therapeutic insights. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 271:132473. [PMID: 38795886 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) serve as transcriptional co-activators that dynamically shuttle between the cytoplasm and nucleus, resulting in either the suppression or enhancement of their downstream gene expression. Recent emerging evidence demonstrates that YAP/TAZ is strongly implicated in the pathophysiological processes that contribute to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). In the cardiovascular system, YAP/TAZ is involved in the orchestration of a range of biological processes such as oxidative stress, inflammation, proliferation, and autophagy. Furthermore, YAP/TAZ has been revealed to be closely associated with the initiation and development of various cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, pulmonary hypertension, myocardial fibrosis, cardiac hypertrophy, and cardiomyopathy. In this review, we delve into recent studies surrounding YAP and TAZ, along with delineating their roles in contributing to the pathogenesis of CVDs with a link to various physiological processes in the cardiovascular system. Additionally, we highlight the current potential drugs targeting YAP/TAZ for CVDs therapy and discuss their challenges for translational application. Overall, this review may offer novel insights for understanding and treating cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Ren
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710018, PR China
| | - Man Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710018, PR China
| | - Mingdi Fu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Wenjing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Yi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - Yuyan Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, PR China; Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, 710018 Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
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2
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Kanai R, Norton E, Stern P, Hynes RO, Lamar JM. Identification of a Gene Signature That Predicts Dependence upon YAP/TAZ-TEAD. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:852. [PMID: 38473214 PMCID: PMC10930532 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16050852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Targeted therapies are effective cancer treatments when accompanied by accurate diagnostic tests that can help identify patients that will respond to those therapies. The YAP/TAZ-TEAD axis is activated and plays a causal role in several cancer types, and TEAD inhibitors are currently in early-phase clinical trials in cancer patients. However, a lack of a reliable way to identify tumors with YAP/TAZ-TEAD activation for most cancer types makes it difficult to determine which tumors will be susceptible to TEAD inhibitors. Here, we used a combination of RNA-seq and bioinformatic analysis of metastatic melanoma cells to develop a YAP/TAZ gene signature. We found that the genes in this signature are TEAD-dependent in several melanoma cell lines, and that their expression strongly correlates with YAP/TAZ activation in human melanomas. Using DepMap dependency data, we found that this YAP/TAZ signature was predictive of melanoma cell dependence upon YAP/TAZ or TEADs. Importantly, this was not limited to melanoma because this signature was also predictive when tested on a panel of over 1000 cancer cell lines representing numerous distinct cancer types. Our results suggest that YAP/TAZ gene signatures like ours may be effective tools to predict tumor cell dependence upon YAP/TAZ-TEAD, and thus potentially provide a means to identify patients likely to benefit from TEAD inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Kanai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA; (R.K.); (E.N.)
| | - Emily Norton
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA; (R.K.); (E.N.)
| | - Patrick Stern
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA;
| | - Richard O. Hynes
- Department of Biology, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA;
| | - John M. Lamar
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA; (R.K.); (E.N.)
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Lei L, Huang Y, Shi L, Ye W, Lv X, Ying L, Yu X, Cheng SHC, Zheng Y. Palbociclib sensitizes ER-positive breast cancer cells to fulvestrant by promoting the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of ER-α via SNHG17/Hippo-YAP axis. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2024; 203:613-625. [PMID: 37924380 PMCID: PMC10806073 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-023-07138-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Endocrine therapy is the anti-tumor therapy for human breast cancer but endocrine resistance was a major burden. It has been reported that Palbociclib and fulvestrant can be used in combination for the treatment of patients who are experiencing endocrine resistance. However, the underlying mechanism is unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the mechanism by which Palbocicilib affected ER-positive breast cancer, combined with fulvestrant. METHODS We first detected the effect of palbociclib on cell survival, growth and cycle distribution separately by MTT, colony formation and flow cytometry. Then SNHG17 was screened as palbociclib-targeted LncRNA by LncRNA-seq, and the SNHG17-targeted mRNAs were selected by mRNA-seq for further determination. Subsequently, the underlying mechanism by which palbociclib promoted the cytotoxicity of fulvestrant was confirmed by qRT-PCR, western blot, and immunoprecipitation. Eventually, the xenograft model and immunohistochemistry experiments were used to validate the sensitization effect of palbociclib on fulvestrant and its mechanism in vivo. RESULTS Palbociclib significantly enhanced the cytotoxicity of fulvestrant in fulvestrant-resistant breast cancer cell lines. Interestingly, this might be related to the lncRNA SNHG17 and the Hippo signaling pathway. And our subsequent western blotting experiments confirmed that overexpressing SNHG17 induced the down-regulation of LATS1 and up-regulated YAP expression. Furthermore, we found that the increased sensitivity of breast cancer cells was closely associated with the LATS1-mediated degradation of ER-α. The following animal experiments also indicated that overexpressing SNHG17 obviously impaired the anti-cancer effect of co-treatment of palbociclib and fulvestrant accompanied by decreased LATS1 and increased ER-α levels. CONCLUSION Palbociclib might sensitize the cytotoxicity of fulvestrant in ER-positive breast cancer cells by down-regulating SNHG17 expression, and then resulted in the LATS1-inactivated oncogene YAP and LATS1-mediated degradation of ER-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Lei
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiwu Ye
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xianmei Lv
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jinhua People's Hospital, Jinhua, 321000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lisha Ying
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Cancer Institute, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xingfei Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Skye Hung-Chun Cheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Koo Foundation, Sun Yat-Sen Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yabing Zheng
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China.
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Zhao Y, Sheldon M, Sun Y, Ma L. New Insights into YAP/TAZ-TEAD-Mediated Gene Regulation and Biological Processes in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5497. [PMID: 38067201 PMCID: PMC10705714 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15235497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The Hippo pathway is conserved across species. Key mammalian Hippo pathway kinases, including MST1/2 and LATS1/2, inhibit cellular growth by inactivating the TEAD coactivators, YAP, and TAZ. Extensive research has illuminated the roles of Hippo signaling in cancer, development, and regeneration. Notably, dysregulation of Hippo pathway components not only contributes to tumor growth and metastasis, but also renders tumors resistant to therapies. This review delves into recent research on YAP/TAZ-TEAD-mediated gene regulation and biological processes in cancer. We focus on several key areas: newly identified molecular patterns of YAP/TAZ activation, emerging mechanisms that contribute to metastasis and cancer therapy resistance, unexpected roles in tumor suppression, and advances in therapeutic strategies targeting this pathway. Moreover, we provide an updated view of YAP/TAZ's biological functions, discuss ongoing controversies, and offer perspectives on specific debated topics in this rapidly evolving field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (Y.Z.); (M.S.)
| | - Marisela Sheldon
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (Y.Z.); (M.S.)
| | - Yutong Sun
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (Y.Z.); (M.S.)
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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5
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Gobbi G, Grieco A, Torricelli F, Sauta E, Santandrea G, Zanetti E, Fantini V, Reggiani F, Strocchi S, Paci M, Vohra M, Saladi SV, Ambrosetti DC, Ciarrocchi A, Sancisi V. The long non-coding RNA TAZ-AS202 promotes lung cancer progression via regulation of the E2F1 transcription factor and activation of Ephrin signaling. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:752. [PMID: 37980331 PMCID: PMC10657417 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06277-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts without coding potential that are pervasively expressed from the genome and have been increasingly reported to play crucial roles in all aspects of cell biology. They have been also heavily implicated in cancer development and progression, with both oncogenic and tumor suppressor functions. In this work, we identified and characterized a novel lncRNA, TAZ-AS202, expressed from the TAZ genomic locus and exerting pro-oncogenic functions in non-small cell lung cancer. TAZ-AS202 expression is under the control of YAP/TAZ-containing transcriptional complexes. We demonstrated that TAZ-AS202 is overexpressed in lung cancer tissue, compared with surrounding lung epithelium. In lung cancer cell lines TAZ-AS202 promotes cell migration and cell invasion. TAZ-AS202 regulates the expression of a set of genes belonging to cancer-associated pathways, including WNT and EPH-Ephrin signaling. The molecular mechanism underlying TAZ-AS202 function does not involve change of TAZ expression or activity, but increases the protein level of the transcription factor E2F1, which in turn regulates the expression of a large set of target genes, including the EPHB2 receptor. Notably, the silencing of both E2F1 and EPHB2 recapitulates TAZ-AS202 silencing cellular phenotype, indicating that they are essential mediators of its activity. Overall, this work unveiled a new regulatory mechanism that, by increasing E2F1 protein, modifies the non-small cell lung cancer cells transcriptional program, leading to enhanced aggressiveness features. The TAZ-AS202/E2F1/EPHB2 axis may be the target for new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Gobbi
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Grieco
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Federica Torricelli
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | - Giacomo Santandrea
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Eleonora Zanetti
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Valentina Fantini
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Francesca Reggiani
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Silvia Strocchi
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Paci
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Manik Vohra
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Srinivas Vinod Saladi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | | | - Alessia Ciarrocchi
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Valentina Sancisi
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
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TAZ Regulates the Cisplatin Resistance of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Cells via the ANGPTL4/SOX2 Axis. Anal Cell Pathol 2022; 2022:5632164. [PMID: 36247876 PMCID: PMC9553699 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5632164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a fatal gynecological malignancy. This study explored the mechanism of TAZ in regulating drug sensitivity of cisplatin (DDP-)-resistant EOC cells through the ANGPTL4/SOX2 axis. Methods The A2780/DDP cells were prepared by stepwise progressive concentration method. The drug resistance and TAZ expression in EOC cells were determined. Drug sensitivity was measured after TAZ overexpression in A2780 cells and TAZ downregulation in A2780/DDP cells, respectively. The effects of TAZ knockdown on apoptosis rate, stemness, and cancer stem cell (CSC) marker (CD44, OCT4, and ALDH1A) levels in A2780/DDP and DDP-treated A2780/DDP cells were assessed. The binding of TAZ and ANGPTL4 was verified using ChIP-qPCR, and ANGPTL4 and SOX2 levels were determined. The effects of different combined treatments of TAZ, ANGPTL4, and SOX2 on drug sensitivity of A2780/DDP cells and DDP-treated A2780/DDP cells were evaluated. Results TAZ was upregulated in drug-resistant EOC cells. TAZ knockdown significantly increased the drug sensitivity of A2780/DDP cells, while TAZ overexpression markedly decreased the drug sensitivity of A2780 cells. TAZ silencing promoted apoptosis of drug-resistant EOC cells and inhibited cell stemness. TAZ targeted ANGPTL4 and TAZ silencing enhanced drug sensitivity of A2780/DDP cells by inhibiting ANGPTL4. ANGPTL4 overexpression elevated SOX2 expression, and SOX2 downregulation reduced the drug resistance and promoted the apoptosis of A2780/DDP cells. Conclusion TAZ regulates DDP sensitivity of drug-resistant EOC cells via the ANGPTL4/SOX2 axis.
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Wang SY, Hu QC, Wu T, Xia J, Tao XA, Cheng B. Abnormal lipid synthesis as a therapeutic target for cancer stem cells. World J Stem Cells 2022; 14:146-162. [PMID: 35432735 PMCID: PMC8963380 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v14.i2.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) comprise a subpopulation of cancer cells with stem cell properties, which exhibit the characteristics of high tumorigenicity, self-renewal, and tumor initiation and are associated with the occurrence, metastasis, therapy resistance, and relapse of cancer. Compared with differentiated cells, CSCs have unique metabolic characteristics, and metabolic reprogramming contributes to the self-renewal and maintenance of stem cells. It has been reported that CSCs are highly dependent on lipid metabolism to maintain stemness and satisfy the requirements of biosynthesis and energy metabolism. In this review, we demonstrate that lipid anabolism alterations promote the survival of CSCs, including de novo lipogenesis, lipid desaturation, and cholesterol synthesis. In addition, we also emphasize the molecular mechanism underlying the relationship between lipid synthesis and stem cell survival, the signal trans-duction pathways involved, and the application prospect of lipid synthesis reprogramming in CSC therapy. It is demonstrated that the dependence on lipid synthesis makes targeting of lipid synthesis metabolism a promising therapeutic strategy for eliminating CSCs. Targeting key molecules in lipid synthesis will play an important role in anti-CSC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yu Wang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qin-Chao Hu
- Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Juan Xia
- Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiao-An Tao
- Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Bin Cheng
- Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
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Nakano N, Fukuda K, Tashiro E, Ishikawa H, Nagano W, Kawamoto R, Mori A, Watanabe M, Yamazaki R, Nakane T, Naito M, Okamoto I, Itoh S. Hybrid molecule between platanic acid and LCL-161 as a yes-associated protein (YAP) degrader. J Biochem 2022; 171:631-640. [PMID: 35211741 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvac021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated Yes-associated protein (YAP) is involved in several malignant cancers. However, discovering a druggable YAP inhibitor(s) is difficult because YAP itself does not have any enzymatic activity. In such cases, targeted protein degradation strategies based on hybrid molecules that bind to the target protein and an E3 ubiquitin ligase are useful for suppressing proteins that exhibit aberrant activation and/or excessive expression. Upon screening YAP-interacting small compounds, we identified HK13, a platanic acid, as a novel compound that interacts with YAP. Next, we synthesized hybrid compounds of platanic acid and LCL-161, which reportedly shows a high affinity to for cIAP, one of E3 ubiquitin ligases. Among these compounds, HK24 possessed the ability to inhibit the growth of YAP overexpressing NCI-H290 cells. This inhibitory activity may be mediated by YAP degradation, although HK24 exhibited weak YAP degradation. Furthermore, we confirmed involvement of proteasome pathway in HK24-dependent YAP degradation by culturing NCI-H290 cells in the presence of a proteasome inhibitor. Therefore, it is possible that platanic acid is a potential candidate for molecular medicine targeting YAP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mikihiko Naito
- Showa Pharmaceutical University, Machida, Tokyo 194-8543, Japan; Social Cooperation Program of Targeted Protein Degradation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Pan Z, Liu H, Chen J. [Lung Cancer Stem-like Cells and Drug Resistance]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2022; 25:111-117. [PMID: 35224964 PMCID: PMC8913289 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2022.102.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related death world-wide. Therapy resistance and relapse are considered major reasons contributing to the poor survival rates of lung cancer. Accumulated evidences have demonstrated that a small subpopulation of stem-like cells existed within lung cancer tissues and cell lines, possessing the abilities of self-renewal, multipotent differentiation and unlimited proliferation. These lung cancer stem-like cells (LCSCs) can generate tumors with high effeciency in vivo, survive cytotoxic therapies, and eventually lead to therapy resistance and recurrence. In this review, we would like to present recent knowledges on LCSCs, including the origins where they come from, the molecular features to identify them, and key mechanisms for them to survive and develop resistance, in order to provide a better view for targeting them in future clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Pan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin 300052, China.,Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
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10
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A Critical YAP in Malignancy of HCC Is Regulated by Evodiamine. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031855. [PMID: 35163776 PMCID: PMC8837083 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer has relatively few early symptoms and is usually diagnosed in the advanced stage. Sorafenib is the only first-line anticancer drug approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for advanced HCC; however, its use is limited due to resistance. Therefore, the development of new drugs is essential to achieving customized treatment. Many studies have suggested that Yes-associated protein (YAP)/transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) is associated with metastasis and cancer formation and progression in various cancers. In the present study, YAP was overexpressed in various patient-derived hepatocarcinoma (HCC) tissues. In addition, this study examined whether evodiamine (which has anticancer effects) can inhibit YAP and, if so, modulate HCC. Evodiamine significantly reduced both the YAP level and cell growth of HCC in a dose-dependent manner. Biochemical analysis indicated mitochondria dysfunction-mediated apoptosis to be the cause of the reduction in HCC cell growth by evodiamine. YAP was overexpressed in metastatic HCC tissues as well when compared to primary HCC tissues. Migration and invasion analysis showed that evodiamine has anti-metastatic ability on Hep3B and Huh-7 cells and reduces the level of vimentin, an EMT marker. In conclusion, YAP is a critical target in HCC therapy, and evodiamine can be an effective HCC anticancer drug by reducing the YAP level.
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11
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Shim J, Goldsmith KC. A New Player in Neuroblastoma: YAP and Its Role in the Neuroblastoma Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13184650. [PMID: 34572875 PMCID: PMC8472533 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13184650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most common extra-cranial pediatric solid tumor that accounts for more than 15% of childhood cancer-related deaths. High risk neuroblastomas that recur during or after intense multimodal therapy have a <5% chance at a second sustained remission or cure. The solid tumor microenvironment (TME) has been increasingly recognized to play a critical role in cancer progression and resistance to therapy, including in neuroblastoma. The Yes-Associated Protein (YAP) in the Hippo pathway can regulate cancer proliferation, tumor initiation, and therapy response in many cancer types and as such, its role in the TME has gained interest. In this review, we focus on YAP and its role in neuroblastoma and further describe its demonstrated and potential effects on the neuroblastoma TME. We also discuss the therapeutic strategies for inhibiting YAP in neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Shim
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Kelly C. Goldsmith
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-404-727-2655
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12
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Han X, Caron JM, Lary CW, Sathyanarayana P, Vary C, Brooks PC. An RGDKGE-Containing Cryptic Collagen Fragment Regulates Phosphorylation of Large Tumor Suppressor Kinase-1 and Controls Ovarian Tumor Growth by a Yes-Associated Protein-Dependent Mechanism. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2021; 191:527-544. [PMID: 33307038 PMCID: PMC7927278 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2020.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The growth and spread of malignant tumors, such as ovarian carcinomas, are governed in part by complex interconnected signaling cascades occurring between stromal and tumor cells. These reciprocal cross-talk signaling networks operating within the local tissue microenvironment may enhance malignant tumor progression. Understanding how novel bioactive molecules generated within the tumor microenvironment regulate signaling pathways in distinct cellular compartments is critical for the development of more effective treatment paradigms. Herein, we provide evidence that blocking cellular interactions with an RGDKGE-containing collagen peptide that selectively binds integrin β3 on ovarian tumor cells enhances the phosphorylation of the hippo effector kinase large tumor suppressor kinase-1 and reduces nuclear accumulation of yes-associated protein and its target gene c-Myc. Selectively targeting this RGDKGE-containing collagen fragment inhibited ovarian tumor growth and the development of ascites fluid in vivo. These findings suggest that this bioactive collagen fragment may represent a previously unknown regulator of the hippo effector kinase large tumor suppressor kinase-1 and regulate ovarian tumor growth by a yes-associated protein-dependent mechanism. Taken together, these data not only provide new mechanistic insight into how a unique collagen fragment may regulate ovarian cancer, but in addition may help provide a useful new alternative strategy to control ovarian tumor progression based on selectively disrupting a previously unappreciated signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiangHua Han
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Center for Molecular Medicine, Scarborough, Maine
| | - Jennifer M Caron
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Center for Molecular Medicine, Scarborough, Maine
| | - Christine W Lary
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Center for Molecular Medicine, Scarborough, Maine
| | - Pradeep Sathyanarayana
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Center for Molecular Medicine, Scarborough, Maine
| | - Calvin Vary
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Center for Molecular Medicine, Scarborough, Maine
| | - Peter C Brooks
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Center for Molecular Medicine, Scarborough, Maine.
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13
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Manno G, Filorizzo C, Fanale D, Brando C, Di Lisi D, Lunetta M, Bazan V, Russo A, Novo G. Role of the HIPPO pathway as potential key player in the cross talk between oncology and cardiology. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2021; 159:103246. [PMID: 33545354 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The HIPPO pathway (HP) is a highly conserved kinase cascade that affects organ size by regulating proliferation, cell survival and differentiation. Discovered in Drosophila melanogaster to early 2000, it immediately opened wide frontiers in the field of research. Over the last years the field of knowledge on HP is quickly expanding and it is thought will offer many answers on complex pathologies. Here, we summarized the results of several studies that have investigated HP signaling both in oncology than in cardiology field, with an overview on future perspectives in cardiology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girolamo Manno
- Cardiology Unit, University Hospital P. Giaccone, Department of Excellence of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mothernal-Child Care, Internal Medicine and Specialities (ProMISE) "G. D'Alessandro", Palermo, Italy
| | - Clarissa Filorizzo
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniele Fanale
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Chiara Brando
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniela Di Lisi
- Cardiology Unit, University Hospital P. Giaccone, Department of Excellence of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mothernal-Child Care, Internal Medicine and Specialities (ProMISE) "G. D'Alessandro", Palermo, Italy
| | - Monica Lunetta
- Cardiology Unit, University Hospital P. Giaccone, Department of Excellence of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mothernal-Child Care, Internal Medicine and Specialities (ProMISE) "G. D'Alessandro", Palermo, Italy
| | - Viviana Bazan
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), Section of Medical Oncology, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Russo
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, Italy.
| | - Giuseppina Novo
- Cardiology Unit, University Hospital P. Giaccone, Department of Excellence of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mothernal-Child Care, Internal Medicine and Specialities (ProMISE) "G. D'Alessandro", Palermo, Italy
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14
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Zhang HT, Gui T, Liu RX, Tong KL, Wu CJ, Li Z, Huang X, Xu QT, Yang J, Tang W, Sang Y, Liu W, Liu N, Ross RD, He QY, Zha ZG. Sequential targeting of YAP1 and p21 enhances the elimination of senescent cells induced by the BET inhibitor JQ1. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:121. [PMID: 33495462 PMCID: PMC7835383 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03416-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Chondrosarcoma (CHS) is the second most common bone malignancy with limited therapeutic approaches. Our previous study has found that Yes associated protein 1 (YAP1) is downregulated in CHS cells treated with bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) inhibitor JQ1. However, the precise role of YAP1 in CHS is largely unknown. Herein, we found that YAP1 expression was upregulated in CHS tissues, and positively correlated with its grading score. Loss of YAP1 inhibited CHS proliferation and induced cellular senescence, while expression of YAP1 mutants revealed YAP1/TEA domain family member (TEAD)-dependent negative regulation of p21 and subsequent cellular senescence. These results were validated by in vivo experiments using stable shYAP1 cell lines. Mechanistically, negative regulation of p21 by YAP1 occurred post-transcriptionally via Dicer-regulated miRNA networks, specifically, the miR-17 family. Furthermore, we demonstrated that sequential targeting of YAP1 and p21 enhanced the elimination of JQ1-induced senescent cells in a Bcl-2-like 1 (Bcl-XL)/Caspase-3 dependent manner. Altogether, we unveil a novel role of YAP1 signaling in mediating CHS cell senescence and propose a one-two punch approach that sequentially targets the YAP1/p21 axis to eliminate senescent cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Tian Zhang
- Institute of Orthopedic Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
- Center for Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Tao Gui
- Institute of Orthopedic Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ri-Xu Liu
- Institute of Orthopedic Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kui-Leung Tong
- Center for Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chong-Jie Wu
- Institute of Orthopedic Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenyan Li
- Institute of Orthopedic Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xun Huang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi, China
| | - Qiu-Tong Xu
- Institute of Orthopedic Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Institute of Orthopedic Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wang Tang
- Institute of Orthopedic Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Sang
- Department of Joint Replacement and Trauma Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanting Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Institute of Orthopedic Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ryan D Ross
- Department of Cell and Molecular Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Qing-Yu He
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Zhen-Gang Zha
- Institute of Orthopedic Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
- Center for Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
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15
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Yoshida K, Yokoi A, Sugiyama M, Oda S, Kitami K, Tamauchi S, Ikeda Y, Yoshikawa N, Nishino K, Niimi K, Suzuki S, Kikkawa F, Yokoi T, Kajiyama H. Expression of the chrXq27.3 miRNA cluster in recurrent ovarian clear cell carcinoma and its impact on cisplatin resistance. Oncogene 2021; 40:1255-1268. [PMID: 33420363 PMCID: PMC7892337 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01595-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) is a histological subtype of epithelial ovarian cancer and exhibits dismal prognosis due to chemoresistance. Moreover, only few effective therapeutic options exist for patients with recurrent OCCC, and an understanding of its molecular characteristics is essential for the development of novel therapeutic approaches. In the present study, we investigated unique MicroRNAs (miRNA) profiles in recurrent/metastatic OCCC and the role of miRNAs in cisplatin resistance. Comprehensive miRNA sequencing revealed that expression of several miRNAs, including miR-508-3p, miR-509-3p, miR-509-3-5p, and miR-514a-3p was remarkably less in recurrent cancer tissues when compared with that in paired primary cancer tissues. These miRNAs are located in the chrXq27.3 region on the genome. Moreover, its expression was negative in omental metastases in two patients with advanced OCCC. In vitro analyses revealed that overexpression of miR-509-3p and miR-509-3-5p reversed cisplatin resistance and yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) was partially responsible for the resistance. Immunohistochemistry revealed that YAP1 expression was inversely correlated with the chrXq27.3 miRNA cluster expression. In conclusion, these findings suggest that alteration of the chrXq27.3 miRNA cluster could play a critical role in chemoresistance and miRNAs in the cluster and their target genes can be potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Yoshida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Drug Safety Sciences, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akira Yokoi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan. .,Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - Mai Sugiyama
- Bell Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Collaborative Research, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shingo Oda
- Department of Drug Safety Sciences, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Kitami
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Satoshi Tamauchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Ikeda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Nobuhisa Yoshikawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kimihiro Nishino
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kaoru Niimi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shiro Suzuki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Fumitaka Kikkawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Yokoi
- Department of Drug Safety Sciences, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kajiyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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16
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Narciclasine is a novel YAP inhibitor that disturbs interaction between YAP and TEAD4. BBA ADVANCES 2021; 1:100008. [PMID: 37082014 PMCID: PMC10074845 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadva.2021.100008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Yes-associated protein (YAP) is involved in development, cell growth, cell size, and homeostasis and plays a key role in the progression of various cancers. Among them, constitutive activation of YAP can often be observed in malignant mesothelioma, which arises in the pleura, peritoneum, and pericardium because of inactivation of the Hippo pathway. To date, however, only less-effective treatments such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery are available for patients with malignant mesothelioma. In this study, we identified narciclasine as a novel YAP inhibitor that prevents YAP from interacting with TEAD4 because it competes with TEAD4 for binding to YAP. Furthermore, narciclasine could perturb the cell growth and colony formation of malignant mesothelioma NCI-H290 cells in addition to inhibiting their growth in nude mice. Therefore, narciclasine might be a potential seed for a novel antitumor drug against malignant mesothelioma and other cancers in which hyperactivation and/or overexpression of YAP are observed.
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17
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Ding P, Liang B, Shou J, Wang X. lncRNA KCNQ1OT1 promotes proliferation and invasion of glioma cells by targeting the miR‑375/YAP pathway. Int J Mol Med 2020; 46:1983-1992. [PMID: 33125099 PMCID: PMC7595660 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The long non‑coding RNA KCNQ1OT1 is generally recognized as an oncogenic molecule in several human malignant tumors. However, to the best of our knowledge, the role of KCNQ1OT1 in glioma has not been fully investigated. The current study aimed to probe the biological function of KCNQ1OT1 in human glioma cell lines and its mechanisms. The glioma cell lines U251 and U87‑MG were used as cell models. Cell proliferation and apoptosis assays were used to measure the effects of different treatments on survival, and reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR and western blotting were used to investigate the expression profiles of key molecules. Migration and invasion assays were conducted to reveal the biological features of glioma cells. The results indicated that KCNQ1OT1 was upregulated in glioma tissues compared with adjacent tissues, which was associated with poor prognosis. Additionally, knockdown of KCNQ1OT1 in U251 and U87‑MG cells inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion, but had no effect on apoptosis. The effects of KCNQ1OT1 on migration and invasion were partially attributed to enhanced Yes‑associated protein (YAP) expression levels and epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) signaling. Furthermore, microRNA (miR)‑375 functioned as a link between KCNQ1OT1 and YAP in regulating cell proliferation. Finally, the KCNQ1OT1/miR‑375/YAP axis modulated cell proliferation and cell fate by affecting the modulated YAP‑mediated EMT signaling. In conclusion, the KCNQ1OT1/miR‑375/YAP axis modulated migration and invasion of glioma cells by affecting EMT signaling; thus, targeting KCNQ1OT1 may represent a promising strategy in glioma therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panfeng Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Bo Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Jixin Shou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Xinjun Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
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18
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Reggiani F, Gobbi G, Ciarrocchi A, Sancisi V. YAP and TAZ Are Not Identical Twins. Trends Biochem Sci 2020; 46:154-168. [PMID: 32981815 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2020.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Yes-associated protein (YAP) and TAZ (WW domain containing transcription regulator 1, or WWTR1) are paralog transcriptional regulators, able to integrate mechanical, metabolic, and signaling inputs to regulate cell growth and differentiation during development and neoplastic progression. YAP and TAZ hold common and distinctive structural features, reflecting only partially overlapping regulatory mechanisms. The two paralogs interact with both shared and specific transcriptional partners and control nonidentical transcriptional programs. Although most of the available literature considers YAP and TAZ as functionally redundant, they play distinctive or even contrasting roles in different contexts. The issue of their divergent roles is currently underexplored but holds fundamental implications for mechanistic and translational studies. Here, we aim to review the available literature on the biological functions of YAP and TAZ, highlighting differential roles that distinguish these two paralogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Reggiani
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL- IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Giulia Gobbi
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL- IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Alessia Ciarrocchi
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL- IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Valentina Sancisi
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL- IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
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