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Li H, Dai X, Zhou J, Wang Y, Zhang S, Guo J, Shen L, Yan H, Jiang H. Mitochondrial dynamics in pulmonary disease: Implications for the potential therapeutics. J Cell Physiol 2024:e31370. [PMID: 38988059 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that continuously undergo fusion/fission to maintain normal cell physiological activities and energy metabolism. When mitochondrial dynamics is unbalanced, mitochondrial homeostasis is broken, thus damaging mitochondrial function. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that impairment in mitochondrial dynamics leads to lung tissue injury and pulmonary disease progression in a variety of disease models, including inflammatory responses, apoptosis, and barrier breakdown, and that the role of mitochondrial dynamics varies among pulmonary diseases. These findings suggest that modulation of mitochondrial dynamics may be considered as a valid therapeutic strategy in pulmonary diseases. In this review, we discuss the current evidence on the role of mitochondrial dynamics in pulmonary diseases, with a particular focus on its underlying mechanisms in the development of acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, pulmonary fibrosis (PF), pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), lung cancer and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), and outline effective drugs targeting mitochondrial dynamics-related proteins, highlighting the great potential of targeting mitochondrial dynamics in the treatment of pulmonary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, College of Pharmacology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinyan Dai
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, College of Grassland Resources, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Junfu Zhou
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, College of Pharmacology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yujuan Wang
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, College of Grassland Resources, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shiying Zhang
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, College of Grassland Resources, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiacheng Guo
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, College of Grassland Resources, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lidu Shen
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, College of Pharmacology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hengxiu Yan
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, College of Pharmacology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Huiling Jiang
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, College of Pharmacology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Fan S, Yan X, Hu X, Liu X, Zhao S, Zhang Y, Zhou X, Shen X, Qi Q, Chen Y. Shikonin blocks CAF-induced TNBC metastasis by suppressing mitochondrial biogenesis through GSK-3β/NEDD4-1 mediated phosphorylation-dependent degradation of PGC-1α. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:180. [PMID: 38937832 PMCID: PMC11210116 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-03101-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by its high metastatic potential, which results in poor patient survival. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are crucial in facilitating TNBC metastasis via induction of mitochondrial biogenesis. However, how to inhibit CAF-conferred mitochondrial biogenesis is still needed to explore. METHODS We investigated metastasis using wound healing and cell invasion assays, 3D-culture, anoikis detection, and NOD/SCID mice. Mitochondrial biogenesis was detected by MitoTracker green FM staining, quantification of mitochondrial DNA levels, and blue-native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The expression, transcription, and phosphorylation of peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) were detected by western blotting, chromatin immunoprecipitation, dual-luciferase reporter assay, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, immunoprecipitation, and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The prognostic role of PGC-1α in TNBC was evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier plotter database and clinical breast cancer tissue samples. RESULTS We demonstrated that PGC-1α indicated lymph node metastasis, tumor thrombus formation, and poor survival in TNBC patients, and it was induced by CAFs, which functioned as an inducer of mitochondrial biogenesis and metastasis in TNBC. Shikonin impeded the CAF-induced PGC-1α expression, nuclear localization, and interaction with estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα), thereby inhibiting PGC-1α/ERRα-targeted mitochondrial genes. Mechanistically, the downregulation of PGC-1α was mediated by synthase kinase 3β-induced phosphorylation of PGC-1α at Thr295, which associated with neural precursor cell expressed developmentally downregulated 4e1 recognition and subsequent degradation by ubiquitin proteolysis. Mutation of PGC-1α at Thr295 negated the suppressive effects of shikonin on CAF-stimulated TNBC mitochondrial biogenesis and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that PGC-1α is a viable target for blocking TNBC metastasis by disrupting mitochondrial biogenesis, and that shikonin merits potential for treatment of TNBC metastasis as an inhibitor of mitochondrial biogenesis through targeting PGC-1α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangqin Fan
- The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou, 561113, China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Anti-Cancer Drug Targets Discovery and Application, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, 561113, China
- The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou, 561113, China
| | - Xiaomin Yan
- The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou, 561113, China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Anti-Cancer Drug Targets Discovery and Application, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, 561113, China
- The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou, 561113, China
| | - Xiaoxia Hu
- The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou, 561113, China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Anti-Cancer Drug Targets Discovery and Application, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, 561113, China
- The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou, 561113, China
| | - Xing Liu
- The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou, 561113, China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Anti-Cancer Drug Targets Discovery and Application, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, 561113, China
- The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou, 561113, China
| | - Shijie Zhao
- The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou, 561113, China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Anti-Cancer Drug Targets Discovery and Application, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, 561113, China
- The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou, 561113, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou, 561113, China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Anti-Cancer Drug Targets Discovery and Application, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, 561113, China
- The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou, 561113, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xiangchun Shen
- The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou, 561113, China.
- Key Laboratory of Novel Anti-Cancer Drug Targets Discovery and Application, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, 561113, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou, 561113, China.
| | - Qi Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Yan Chen
- The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou, 561113, China.
- Key Laboratory of Novel Anti-Cancer Drug Targets Discovery and Application, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, 561113, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou, 561113, China.
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Manjunath M, Ravindran F, Sharma S, Siddiqua H, Raghavan SC, Choudhary B. Disarib, a Specific BCL2 Inhibitor, Induces Apoptosis in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells and Impedes Tumour Progression in Xenografts by Altering Mitochondria-Associated Processes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6485. [PMID: 38928195 PMCID: PMC11203414 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Targeted cancer therapy aims to disrupt the functions of proteins that regulate cancer progression, mainly by using small molecule inhibitors (SMIs). SMIs exert their effect by modulating signalling pathways, organelle integrity, chromatin components, and several biosynthetic processes essential for cell division and survival. Antiapoptotic protein BCL2 is highly upregulated in many cancers compared with normal cells, making it an ideal target for cancer therapy. Around 75% of primary breast cancers overexpress BCL2, providing an opportunity to explore BCL2 inhibitors as a therapeutic option. Disarib is an SMI that has been developed as a selective BCL2 inhibitor. Disarib works by disrupting BCL2-BAK interaction and activating intrinsic apoptotic pathways in leukemic cells while sparing normal cells. We investigated the effects of Disarib, a BCL2 specific inhibitor, on breast cancer cells and xenografts. Cytotoxicity and fluorometric assays revealed that Disarib induced cell death by increasing reactive oxygen species and activating intrinsic apoptotic pathways in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer cells (MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468). Disarib also affected the colony-forming properties of these cells. MDA-MB-231- and MDA-MB-468-derived xenografts showed a significant reduction in tumours upon Disarib treatment. Through the transcriptomics approach, we also explored the influence of BCL2 inhibitors on energy metabolism, mitochondrial dynamics, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Mitochondrial dynamics and glucose metabolism mainly regulate energy metabolism. The change in energetics regulates tumour growth through epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and angiogenesis. RNA sequencing (RNAseq) analysis revealed that BCL2 inhibitors ABT-199 and Disarib maintain Oxphos levels in MDA-MB-231. However, key glycolytic genes were significantly downregulated. Mitochondrial fission genes were seen to be downregulated both in RNAseq data and semi quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRTPCR) in Disarib-treated TNBC cells and xenografts. Lastly, Disarib inhibited wound healing and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. This study showed that Disarib disrupts mitochondrial function, activates the intrinsic apoptotic pathway in breast cancer, and inhibits epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition both in vitro and in vivo. These findings highlight Disarib's potential as a multifaceted therapeutic strategy for patients with Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghana Manjunath
- Department of Biotechnology and Applied Bioinformatics, Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Electronic City Phase 1, Bengaluru 560100, India
| | - Febina Ravindran
- Department of Biotechnology and Applied Bioinformatics, Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Electronic City Phase 1, Bengaluru 560100, India
| | - Shivangi Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology and Applied Bioinformatics, Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Electronic City Phase 1, Bengaluru 560100, India
- Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560012, India; (H.S.); (S.C.R.)
| | - Humaira Siddiqua
- Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560012, India; (H.S.); (S.C.R.)
| | | | - Bibha Choudhary
- Department of Biotechnology and Applied Bioinformatics, Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Electronic City Phase 1, Bengaluru 560100, India
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Yang X, Li F, Shi Y, Wu Y, Yang R, Liu X, Zhang Y, Zhang G, Ma M, Luo Z, Han X, Xie Y, Liu S. Integrated network pharmacology and experimental verification to explore the potential mechanism of San Ying decoction for treating triple-negative breast cancer. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2024; 56:763-775. [PMID: 38516703 PMCID: PMC11177106 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2024015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used to treat triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), a breast cancer subtype with poor prognosis. Clinical studies have verified that the Sanyingfang formula (SYF), a TCM prescription, has obvious effects on inhibiting breast cancer recurrence and metastasis, prolonging patient survival, and reducing clinical symptoms. However, its active ingredients and molecular mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, the active ingredients of each herbal medicine composing SYF and their target proteins are obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database. Breast cancer-related genes are obtained from the GeneCards database. Major targets and pathways related to SYF treatment in breast cancer are identified by analyzing the above data. By conducting molecular docking analysis, we find that the active ingredients quercetin and luteolin bind well to the key targets KDR1, PPARG, SOD1, and VCAM1. In vitro experiments verify that SYF can reduce the proliferation, migration, and invasion ability of TNBC cells. Using a TNBC xenograft mouse model, we show that SYF could delay tumor growth and effectively inhibit the occurrence of breast cancer lung metastasis in vivo. PPARG, SOD1, KDR1, and VCAM1 are all regulated by SYF and may play important roles in SYF-mediated inhibition of TNBC recurrence and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Yang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine SurgeryLonghua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai200032China
| | - Feifei Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine SurgeryLonghua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai200032China
| | - Youyang Shi
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine SurgeryLonghua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai200032China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine SurgeryLonghua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai200032China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Breast SurgeryShanxi Provincial Cancer HospitalTaiyuan030013China
| | - Xiaofei Liu
- Department of Breast SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinan250355China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Breast SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinan250355China
| | - Guangtao Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine SurgeryLonghua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai200032China
| | - Mei Ma
- Institute of ToxicologySchool of Public HealthLanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China
| | - Zhanyang Luo
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine SurgeryLonghua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai200032China
| | - Xianghui Han
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine SurgeryLonghua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai200032China
| | - Ying Xie
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine SurgeryLonghua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai200032China
| | - Sheng Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine SurgeryLonghua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai200032China
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Ali N, Wolf C, Kanchan S, Veerabhadraiah SR, Bond L, Turner MW, Jorcyk CL, Hampikian G. 9S1R nullomer peptide induces mitochondrial pathology, metabolic suppression, and enhanced immune cell infiltration, in triple-negative breast cancer mouse model. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:115997. [PMID: 38118350 PMCID: PMC10872342 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Nullomers are the shortest strings of absent amino acid (aa) sequences in a species or group of species. Primes are those nullomers that have not been detected in the genome of any species. 9S1R is a 5-aa peptide prime sequence attached to 5-arginine aa, used to treat triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) in an in vivo mouse model. This unique peptide, administered with a trehalose carrier (9S1R-NulloPT), offers enhanced solubility and exhibits distinct anti-cancer effects against TNBC. In our study, we investigated the effect of 9S1R-NulloPT on tumor growth, metabolism, metastatic burden, tumor immune-microenvironment (TME), and transcriptome of aggressive mouse TNBC tumors. Notably, treated mice had smaller tumors in the initial phase of the treatment, as compared to untreated control, and diminished in vivo and ex vivo bioluminescence at later-stages - indicative of metabolically quiescent, dying tumors. The treatment also caused changes in TME with increased infiltration of immune cells and altered tumor transcriptome, with 365 upregulated genes and 710 downregulated genes. Consistent with in vitro data, downregulated genes were enriched in cellular metabolic processes (179), specifically mitochondrial TCA cycle/oxidative phosphorylation (44), and translation machinery/ribosome biogenesis (45). The upregulated genes were associated with the developmental (13), ECM organization (12) and focal adhesion pathways (7). In conclusion, our study demonstrates that 9S1R-NulloPT effectively reduced tumor growth during its initial phase, altering the TME and tumor transcriptome. The treatment induced mitochondrial pathology which led to a metabolic deceleration in tumors, aligning with in vitro observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilufar Ali
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA.
| | - Cody Wolf
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA; Biomolecular Sciences Graduate Programs, Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA
| | - Swarna Kanchan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Jaon C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USA
| | - Shivakumar R Veerabhadraiah
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Biomolecular Sciences Graduate Programs, Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA
| | - Laura Bond
- Center of Biomedical Research Excellence in Matrix Biology, Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA
| | - Matthew W Turner
- Biomolecular Research Center, Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA; Biomolecular Sciences Graduate Programs, Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA
| | - Cheryl L Jorcyk
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA; Biomolecular Research Center, Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA; Biomolecular Sciences Graduate Programs, Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA
| | - Greg Hampikian
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA.
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Hou D, Zheng X, Cai D, You R, Liu J, Wang X, Liao X, Tan M, Lin L, Wang J, Zhang S, Huang H. Interleukin-6 Facilitates Acute Myeloid Leukemia Chemoresistance via Mitofusin 1-Mediated Mitochondrial Fusion. Mol Cancer Res 2023; 21:1366-1378. [PMID: 37698549 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-23-0382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML), an aggressive hematopoietic malignancy, exhibits poor prognosis and a high recurrence rate largely because of primary and secondary drug resistance. Elevated serum IL6 levels have been observed in patients with AML and are associated with chemoresistance. Chemoresistant AML cells are highly dependent on oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), and mitochondrial network remodeling is essential for mitochondrial function. However, IL6-mediated regulation of mitochondrial remodeling and its effectiveness as a therapeutic target remain unclear. We aimed to determine the mechanisms through which IL6 facilitates the development of chemoresistance in AML cells. IL6 upregulated mitofusin 1 (MFN1)-mediated mitochondrial fusion, promoted OXPHOS, and induced chemoresistance in AML cells. MFN1 knockdown impaired the effects of IL6 on mitochondrial function and chemoresistance in AML cells. In an MLL::AF9 fusion gene-induced AML mouse model, IL6 reduced chemosensitivity to cytarabine (Ara-C), a commonly used antileukemia drug, accompanied by increased MFN1 expression, mitochondrial fusion, and OXPHOS status. In contrast, anti-IL6 antibodies downregulated MFN1 expression, suppressed mitochondrial fusion and OXPHOS, enhanced the curative effects of Ara-C, and prolonged overall survival. In conclusion, IL6 upregulated MFN1-mediated mitochondrial fusion in AML, which facilitated mitochondrial respiration, in turn, inducing chemoresistance. Thus, targeting IL6 may have therapeutic implications in overcoming IL6-mediated chemoresistance in AML. IMPLICATIONS IL6 treatment induces MFN1-mediated mitochondrial fusion, promotes OXPHOS, and confers chemoresistance in AML cells. Targeting IL6 regulation in mitochondria is a promising therapeutic strategy to enhance the chemosensitivity of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diyu Hou
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoming Zheng
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Danni Cai
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ruolan You
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jingru Liu
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoting Wang
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xinai Liao
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Maoqing Tan
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Liyan Lin
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shuxia Zhang
- Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Huifang Huang
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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Lin M, Liu T, Zheng Y, Ma X. Dynamic light scattering microscopy sensing mitochondria dynamics for label-free detection of triple-negative breast cancer enhanced by deep learning. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:5048-5059. [PMID: 37854555 PMCID: PMC10581802 DOI: 10.1364/boe.502083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
We established a deep learning-based dynamic light scattering (DLS) microscopy sensing mitochondria dynamic for label-free identification of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. The capacity of DLS microscopy to detect the intracellular motility of subcellular scatters was verified with the analysis of the autocorrelation function. We also conducted an in-depth examination of the impact of mitochondrial dynamics on DLS within TNBC cells, employing confocal fluorescent imaging to visualize the morphology of the mitochondria. Furthermore, we applied the DLS microscopy incorporating the two-stream deep learning method to differentiate the TNBC subtype and HER2 positive breast cancer subtype, with the classification accuracy achieving 0.89.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiai Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Yixiong Zheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Xiangyuan Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
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8
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Fu Y, Dong W, Xu Y, Li L, Yu X, Pang Y, Chan L, Deng Y, Qian C. Targeting mitochondrial dynamics by AZD5363 in triple-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell-derived spheres. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:2545-2553. [PMID: 37093249 PMCID: PMC10497692 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02477-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) have been suggested to contribute to chemotherapeutic resistance and disease relapse in breast cancer. Thus, BCSCs represent a promising target in developing novel breast cancer treatment strategies. Mitochondrial dynamics in BCSCs were recently highlighted as an available approach for targeting BCSCs. In this study, a three-dimensional (3D) cultured breast cancer stem cell spheres model was constructed. Mitochondrial dynamics and functions were analyzed by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. We have demonstrated that the protein levels of FIS 1 and Mitofusin 1 were significantly increased in BCSCs. Moreover, Capivasertib (AZD5363) administration could suppress Mitofusin1 expression in BCSCs. Our use of MitoTracker Orange and annexin V double-staining assay suggested that AZD5363 could induce apoptosis in BCSCs. The sensitivity of stem cell spheres to doxorubicin was investigated by CCK8 assay, and our results indicated that AZD5363 could re-sensitize BCSCs to Doxo. Flow cytometry analysis identified doxo-induced CD44 and CD133 expression in BCSCs could be suppressed by AZD5363. In combination with AZD536, doxo-induced apoptosis in the BCSCs was significantly increased. In conclusion, our study explored, for the first time, that AZD5363 could target mitochondrial dynamics in 3D cultured stem cell spheres (BCSCs) by regulating Mitofusin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqiang Fu
- Department of Breast Cancer Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Haping RD NO, 150086, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Dong
- Department of Breast Cancer Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Haping RD NO, 150086, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuting Xu
- Department of Breast Cancer Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Haping RD NO, 150086, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Breast Cancer Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Haping RD NO, 150086, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Breast Cancer Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Haping RD NO, 150086, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuheng Pang
- Department of Breast Cancer Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Haping RD NO, 150086, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Liujia Chan
- North China Translational Medicine Research Center of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yuhan Deng
- Department of Breast Cancer Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Haping RD NO, 150086, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Cheng Qian
- Department of Breast Cancer Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Haping RD NO, 150086, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China.
- North China Translational Medicine Research Center of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China.
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9
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Chapdelaine AG, Sun G. Challenges and Opportunities in Developing Targeted Therapies for Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1207. [PMID: 37627272 PMCID: PMC10452226 DOI: 10.3390/biom13081207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous group of breast cancers characterized by their lack of estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors, and the HER2 receptor. They are more aggressive than other breast cancer subtypes, with a higher mean tumor size, higher tumor grade, the worst five-year overall survival, and the highest rates of recurrence and metastasis. Developing targeted therapies for TNBC has been a major challenge due to its heterogeneity, and its treatment still largely relies on surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. In this review article, we review the efforts in developing targeted therapies for TNBC, discuss insights gained from these efforts, and highlight potential opportunities going forward. Accumulating evidence supports TNBCs as multi-driver cancers, in which multiple oncogenic drivers promote cell proliferation and survival. In such multi-driver cancers, targeted therapies would require drug combinations that simultaneously block multiple oncogenic drivers. A strategy designed to generate mechanism-based combination targeted therapies for TNBC is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gongqin Sun
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA;
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10
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Averbeck D. Low-Dose Non-Targeted Effects and Mitochondrial Control. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11460. [PMID: 37511215 PMCID: PMC10380638 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-targeted effects (NTE) have been generally regarded as a low-dose ionizing radiation (IR) phenomenon. Recently, regarding long distant abscopal effects have also been observed at high doses of IR) relevant to antitumor radiation therapy. IR is inducing NTE involving intracellular and extracellular signaling, which may lead to short-ranging bystander effects and distant long-ranging extracellular signaling abscopal effects. Internal and "spontaneous" cellular stress is mostly due to metabolic oxidative stress involving mitochondrial energy production (ATP) through oxidative phosphorylation and/or anaerobic pathways accompanied by the leakage of O2- and other radicals from mitochondria during normal or increased cellular energy requirements or to mitochondrial dysfunction. Among external stressors, ionizing radiation (IR) has been shown to very rapidly perturb mitochondrial functions, leading to increased energy supply demands and to ROS/NOS production. Depending on the dose, this affects all types of cell constituents, including DNA, RNA, amino acids, proteins, and membranes, perturbing normal inner cell organization and function, and forcing cells to reorganize the intracellular metabolism and the network of organelles. The reorganization implies intracellular cytoplasmic-nuclear shuttling of important proteins, activation of autophagy, and mitophagy, as well as induction of cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, apoptosis, and senescence. It also includes reprogramming of mitochondrial metabolism as well as genetic and epigenetic control of the expression of genes and proteins in order to ensure cell and tissue survival. At low doses of IR, directly irradiated cells may already exert non-targeted effects (NTE) involving the release of molecular mediators, such as radicals, cytokines, DNA fragments, small RNAs, and proteins (sometimes in the form of extracellular vehicles or exosomes), which can induce damage of unirradiated neighboring bystander or distant (abscopal) cells as well as immune responses. Such non-targeted effects (NTE) are contributing to low-dose phenomena, such as hormesis, adaptive responses, low-dose hypersensitivity, and genomic instability, and they are also promoting suppression and/or activation of immune cells. All of these are parts of the main defense systems of cells and tissues, including IR-induced innate and adaptive immune responses. The present review is focused on the prominent role of mitochondria in these processes, which are determinants of cell survival and anti-tumor RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dietrich Averbeck
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Radiobiology, PRISME, UMR CNRS 5822/IN2P3, IP2I, Lyon-Sud Medical School, University Lyon 1, 69921 Oullins, France
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11
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Ali N, Wolf C, Kanchan S, Veerabhadraiah SR, Bond L, Turner MW, Jorcyk CL, Hampikian G. Nullomer peptide increases immune cell infiltration and reduces tumor metabolism in triple negative breast cancer mouse model. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3097552. [PMID: 37461536 PMCID: PMC10350184 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3097552/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Background Nullomers are the shortest strings of absent amino acid (aa) sequences in a species or group of species. Primes are those nullomers that have not been detected in the genome of any species. 9S1R is a 5-aa peptide derived from a prime sequence that is tagged with 5 arginine aa, used to treat triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) in an in vivo TNBC mouse model. 9S1R is administered in trehalose (9S1R-NulloPT), which enhances solubility and exhibits some independent effects against tumor growth and is thus an important component in the drug preparation. Method We examined the effect of 9S1R-NulloPT on tumor growth, metabolism, metastatic burden, necrosis, tumor immune microenvironment, and the transcriptome of aggressive mouse TNBC tumors. Results The peptide-treated mice had smaller tumors in the initial phase of the treatment, as compared to the untreated control, and reduced in vivo bioluminescence at later stages, which is indicative of metabolically inactive tumors. A decrease in ex vivo bioluminescence was also observed in the excised tumors of treated mice, but not in the secondary metastasis in the lungs. The treatment also caused changes in tumor immune microenvironment with increased infiltration of immune cells and margin inflammation. The treatment upregulated 365 genes and downregulated 710 genes in tumors compared to the untreated group. Consistent with in vitro findings in breast cancer cell lines, downregulated genes in the treated TNBC tumors include Cellular Metabolic Process Related genes (179), specifically mitochondrial genes associated with TCA cycle/oxidative phosphorylation (44), and translation machinery/ribosome biogenesis genes (45). Among upregulated genes, the Developmental Pathway (13), ECM Organization (12) and Focal Adhesion Related Pathways (7) were noteworthy. We also present data from a pilot study using a bilateral BC mouse model, which supports our findings. Conclusion In conclusion, although 9S1R-NulloPT was moderate at reducing the tumor volume, it altered the tumor immune microenvironment as well as the tumor transcriptome, rendering tumors metabolically less active by downregulating the mitochondrial function and ribosome biogenesis. This corroborates previously published in vitro findings.
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12
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TIM-4 orchestrates mitochondrial homeostasis to promote lung cancer progression via ANXA2/PI3K/AKT/OPA1 axis. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:141. [PMID: 36806050 PMCID: PMC9941510 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05678-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial function and homeostasis are critical to the proliferation of lung cancer cells. T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing molecule 4 (TIM-4) promotes the development and progression of lung cancer. However, the role of TIM-4 in mitochondria homeostasis in tumor cells remains completely unknown. In this study, we found that TIM-4 promoted growth and proliferation of lung cancer cells by the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) pathway. Consistently, inhibition of OXPHOS reversed TIM-4-induced proliferation of lung cancer cells. Notably, TIM-4 promoted mitochondrial fusion via enhancing L-OPA1 protein expression. Mechanistically, TIM-4 regulated protein of L-OPA1 through the PI3K/AKT pathway, and TIM-4 interacted with ANXA2 to promote the activation of PI3K/AKT signaling. Collectively, TIM-4 promotes oxidative phosphorylation of lung cancer cells to accelerate tumor progress via ANXA2/PI3K/AKT/OPA1 axis, which sheds significant new lights on the potential role of TIM-4 in regulating tumor cell metabolism.
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13
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Peng J, Hu X, Fan S, Zhou J, Ren S, Sun R, Chen Y, Shen X, Chen Y. Inhibition of Mitochondrial Biosynthesis Using a "Right-Side-Out" Membrane-Camouflaged Micelle to Facilitate the Therapeutic Effects of Shikonin on Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2200742. [PMID: 35818932 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202200742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The mitochondria represent a potential target for the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and shikonin (SK) has shown remarkable therapeutic effects on TNBC. Herein, it is found that SK possesses potent inhibitory effects on mitochondrial biogenesis via targeting polymerase gamma (POLG). However, its application is restricted by its poor aqueous solubility and stability, and therefore, a biomimetic micelle to aid with tumor lesion accumulation and mitochondria-targeted delivery of SK is designed. A folic acid (FA) conjugated polyethylene glycol derivative (FA-PEG-FA) is inserted onto the external membranes of red blood cells (FP-RBCm) to prepare a "right-side-out" RBCm-camouflaged cationic micelle (ThTM/SK@FP-RBCm). Both FP-RBCm coating and a triphenylphosphine (TPP) moiety on the periphery of micelles contribute to tumor lesion distribution, receptor-mediated cellular uptake, and electrostatic attraction-dependent mitochondrial targeting, thereby maximizing inhibitory effects on mitochondrial biosynthesis in TNBC cells. Intravenous administration of ThTM/SK@FP-RBCm leads to profound inhibition of tumor growth and lung metastasis in a TNBC mouse model with no obvious toxicity. This work highlights the mitochondria-targeted delivery of SK using a "right-side-out" membrane-camouflaged micelle for the inhibition of mitochondrial biogenesis and enhanced therapeutic effects on TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqing Peng
- The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, 550025, China.,Translational Medicine Research Center of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, 550025, China.,The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China.,Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xiaoxia Hu
- The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, 550025, China.,Translational Medicine Research Center of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, 550025, China.,The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Shuangqin Fan
- The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, 550025, China.,Translational Medicine Research Center of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, 550025, China.,The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, 550025, China.,Translational Medicine Research Center of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, 550025, China.,The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Shuang Ren
- The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, 550025, China.,Translational Medicine Research Center of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, 550025, China.,The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Runbin Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Yi Chen
- The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, 550025, China.,Translational Medicine Research Center of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, 550025, China.,The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Xiangchun Shen
- The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, 550025, China.,Translational Medicine Research Center of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, 550025, China.,The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China.,Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yan Chen
- The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, 550025, China.,Translational Medicine Research Center of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, 550025, China.,The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China.,Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
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14
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Chang JC, Chang HS, Yeh CY, Chang HJ, Cheng WL, Lin TT, Liu CS, Chen ST. Regulation of mitochondrial fusion and mitophagy by intra-tumoral delivery of membrane-fused mitochondria or Midiv-1 enhances sensitivity to doxorubicin in triple-negative breast cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113484. [PMID: 36076583 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing mitochondrial fusion by intra-tumoral grafting of membrane-fused mitochondria created with Pep-1 conjugation (P-Mito) contributes to breast cancer treatment, but it needs to be validated. Using mitochondrial division inhibitor-1 (Mdivi-1, Mdi) to disturb mitochondrial dynamics, we showed that the antitumor action of P-Mito in a mouse model of triple-negative breast cancer depends upon mitochondrial fusion and that Mdi treatment alone is ineffective. P-Mito significantly enhanced Doxorubicin (Dox) sensitivity by inducing mitochondrial fusion and mitophagy, and the same efficiency was also achieved with Mdi by inhibiting mitophagy. Cell death was induced via the p53 pathway and AIF nuclear translocation in the case of P-Mito, versus the caspase-dependent pathway for Mdi. Notably, both mitochondrial treatments reduced oxidative stress and blood vessel density of xenograft tumors, especially P-Mito, which was accompanied by inhibition of nuclear factor kappa-B activation. Furthermore, through enrichment analysis, four microRNAs in serum microvesicles induced by P-Mito caused expression of predicted targets via the PI3K-Akt pathway, and significantly impacted regulation of nuclear processes and myeloid cell differentiation. Clustering of gene-sets implicated a major steroid catabolic network. This study showed diverse roles of mitochondria in breast cancer and revealed effective adjuvant therapy targeting mitochondrial fusion and mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Chih Chang
- Center of Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Repair, Institute of ATP, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50094, Taiwan.
| | - Huei-Shin Chang
- Center of Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Repair, Institute of ATP, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50094, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yi Yeh
- Center of Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Repair, Institute of ATP, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50094, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ju Chang
- Center of Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Repair, Institute of ATP, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50094, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ling Cheng
- Department of Vascular and Genomic Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50094, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Tsung Lin
- Department of Vascular and Genomic Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50094, Taiwan
| | - Chin-San Liu
- Department of Vascular and Genomic Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50094, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50094, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, Research Center for Chinese Medicine and Acupuncture, China Medical University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan; Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Shou-Tung Chen
- Comprehensive Breast Cancer Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50094, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50094, Taiwan.
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15
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Scalable multiplex co-fractionation/mass spectrometry platform for accelerated protein interactome discovery. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4043. [PMID: 35831314 PMCID: PMC9279285 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31809-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Co-fractionation/mass spectrometry (CF/MS) enables the mapping of endogenous macromolecular networks on a proteome scale, but current methods are experimentally laborious, resource intensive and afford lesser quantitative accuracy. Here, we present a technically efficient, cost-effective and reproducible multiplex CF/MS (mCF/MS) platform for measuring and comparing, simultaneously, multi-protein assemblies across different experimental samples at a rate that is up to an order of magnitude faster than previous approaches. We apply mCF/MS to map the protein interaction landscape of non-transformed mammary epithelia versus breast cancer cells in parallel, revealing large-scale differences in protein-protein interactions and the relative abundance of associated macromolecules connected with cancer-related pathways and altered cellular processes. The integration of multiplexing capability within an optimized workflow renders mCF/MS as a powerful tool for systematically exploring physical interaction networks in a comparative manner. Co-fractionation/mass spectrometry (CF/MS) allows mapping protein interactomes but efficiency and quantitative accuracy are limited. Here, the authors develop a reproducible multiplexed CF/MS method and apply it to characterize interactome rewiring in breast cancer cells.
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16
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Park JD, Kim KS, Choi SH, Jo GH, Choi JH, Park SW, Ko ES, Lee M, Lee DK, Jang HJ, Hwang S, Jung HY, Park KS. ELK3 modulates the antitumor efficacy of natural killer cells against triple negative breast cancer by regulating mitochondrial dynamics. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2022-004825. [PMID: 35858708 PMCID: PMC9305827 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-004825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most lethal subtype of breast cancer due to its aggressive behavior and frequent development of resistance to chemotherapy. Although natural killer (NK) cell-based immunotherapy is a promising strategy for overcoming barriers to cancer treatment, the therapeutic efficacy of NK cells against TNBC is below expectations. E26 transformation-specific transcription factor ELK3 (ELK3) is highly expressed in TNBCs and functions as a master regulator of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Methods Two representative human TNBC cell lines, MDA-MB231 and Hs578T, were exposed to ELK3-targeting shRNA or an ELK3-expressing plasmid to modulate ELK3 expression. The downstream target genes of ELK3 were identified using a combined approach comprising gene expression profiling and molecular analysis. The role of ELK3 in determining the immunosensitivity of TNBC to NK cells was investigated in terms of mitochondrial fission–fusion transition and reactive oxygen species concentration both in vitro and in vivo. Results ELK3-dependent mitochondrial fission–fusion status was linked to the mitochondrial superoxide concentration in TNBCs and was a main determinant of NK cell-mediated immune responses. We identified mitochondrial dynamics proteins of 51 (Mid51), a major mediator of mitochondrial fission, as a direct downstream target of ELK3 in TNBCs. Also, we demonstrated that expression of ELK3 correlated inversely with that of Mid51, and that the ELK3-Mid51 axis is associated directly with the status of mitochondrial dynamics. METABRIC analysis revealed that the ELK3-Mid51 axis has a direct effect on the immune score and survival of patients with TNBC. Conclusions Taken together, the data suggest that NK cell responses to TNBC are linked directly to ELK3 expression levels, shedding new light on strategies to improve the efficacy of NK cell-based immunotherapy of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Dong Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Kwang-Soo Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Seung Hee Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Gae Hoon Jo
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Jin-Ho Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Si-Won Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Eun-Su Ko
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Minwook Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Dae-Keum Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Hye Jung Jang
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Sohyun Hwang
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Hae-Yun Jung
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Kyung-Soon Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Korea (the Republic of)
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17
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Wu Y, Zhao D, Shang J, Huang W, Chen Z. A novel star-shaped trinuclear platinum(II) complex based on a 1,3,5-triazine core displaying potent antiproliferative activity against TNBC by the mitochondrial injury and DNA damage mechanism. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:10930-10942. [PMID: 35731536 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00895e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Polynuclear platinum(II) complexes represent a class of great prospective Pt-based antitumor drugs that may expand the antitumor spectrum and overcome the clinical problems of drug resistance and side effects of platinum-based drugs. Herein, a novel star-shaped trinuclear platinum(II) complex [Pt3(L-3H)Cl3] (1, L = 2,4,6-tris[(2-hydroxybenzyl)(2-pyridylmethyl)amine]-1,3,5-triazine) and its monomer [Pt(L'-H)Cl] (2, L' = (2-hydroxybenzyl)(2-pyridylmethyl)amine) were synthesized and characterized. The in vitro antiproliferative activities of complexes 1 and 2 against a panel of human cancer cell lines including MDA-MB-231 (triple-negative breast cancer, TNBC), MCF-7 (breast), HepG-2 (liver), and A549 (lung) were investigated. The results revealed that 1 exhibited much higher antiproliferative properties than its monomer 2 against the tested cell lines. Importantly, 1 possessed 3.3-fold higher antiproliferative activity as compared with cisplatin against the TNBC cell line MDA-MB-231. Another TNBC cell line MDA-MB-468 is also sensitive to 1. The results indicated that 1 might have the potential to act as a candidate for the treatment of TNBC. Cellular uptake and distribution studies showed that 1 could pass through the membrane of cells and enter into cells and mainly accumulate in the nuclei and mitochondria. 1 could bind to DNA in a cooperative groove-electrostatic-platinating binding mode and induce stronger DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and damaging effects on MDA-MB-231 than cisplatin (upregulation of γ-H2AX). Moreover, the DNA damage could not be easily repaired (upregulation of p53), which would exert a much positive influence on the overcoming of drug resistance. Additionally, flow cytometry studies showed that 1 arrested the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase, induced mitochondrial membrane depolarization, increased ROS generation, and induced cell apoptosis. The results demonstrated that 1 could target simultaneously mitochondria and nuclei that gave rise to mitochondrial injury and DNA damage and ultimately efficiently promote the apoptotic death of tumor cells. Further mechanistic studies showed that 1 induced MDA-MB-231 cell apoptosis via the p53-mediated mitochondrial pathway by upregulating Bax and cytochrome c and downregulating Bcl-2 proteins, leading to the activation of caspase-3 and upregulation of the cleaved-PARP level. Taken together, 1 with such a synergic mechanism has great potential to be an effective anticancer agent that can overcome treatment resistance in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, P. R. China.
| | - Dandan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, P. R. China.
| | - Jinting Shang
- Wuhan Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, P. R. China
| | - Wenxin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, P. R. China.
| | - Zhanfen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, P. R. China. .,Wuhan Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, P. R. China
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18
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Ortega-Lozano AJ, Gómez-Caudillo L, Briones-Herrera A, Aparicio-Trejo OE, Pedraza-Chaverri J. Characterization of Mitochondrial Proteome and Function in Luminal A and Basal-like Breast Cancer Subtypes Reveals Alteration in Mitochondrial Dynamics and Bioenergetics Relevant to Their Diagnosis. Biomolecules 2022; 12:379. [PMID: 35327574 PMCID: PMC8945677 DOI: 10.3390/biom12030379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent cancer and the one with the highest mortality among women worldwide. Although the molecular classification of BC has been a helpful tool for diagnosing and predicting the treatment of BC, developments are still being made to improve the diagnosis and find new therapeutic targets. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a crucial feature of cancer, which can be associated with cancer aggressiveness. Although the importance of mitochondrial dynamics in cancer is well recognized, its involvement in the mitochondrial function and bioenergetics context in BC molecular subtypes has been scantly explored. In this study, we combined mitochondrial function and bioenergetics experiments in MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines with statistical and bioinformatics analyses of the mitochondrial proteome of luminal A and basal-like tumors. We demonstrate that basal-like tumors exhibit a vicious cycle between mitochondrial fusion and fission; impaired but not completely inactive mitochondrial function; and the Warburg effect, associated with decreased oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complexes I and III. Together with the results obtained in the cell lines and the mitochondrial proteome analysis, two mitochondrial signatures were proposed: one signature reflecting alterations in mitochondrial functions and a second signature exclusively of OXPHOS, which allow us to distinguish between luminal A and basal-like tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariadna Jazmín Ortega-Lozano
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (A.J.O.-L.); (L.G.-C.); (A.B.-H.)
| | - Leopoldo Gómez-Caudillo
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (A.J.O.-L.); (L.G.-C.); (A.B.-H.)
| | - Alfredo Briones-Herrera
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (A.J.O.-L.); (L.G.-C.); (A.B.-H.)
| | - Omar Emiliano Aparicio-Trejo
- Department of Cardio-Renal Physiopathology, National Institute of Cardiology “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (A.J.O.-L.); (L.G.-C.); (A.B.-H.)
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19
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Xie L, Zhou T, Xie Y, Bode AM, Cao Y. Mitochondria-Shaping Proteins and Chemotherapy. Front Oncol 2021; 11:769036. [PMID: 34868997 PMCID: PMC8637292 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.769036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence, in recent decades, of an entirely new area of “Mitochondrial dynamics”, which consists principally of fission and fusion, reflects the recognition that mitochondria play a significant role in human tumorigenesis and response to therapeutics. Proteins that determine mitochondrial dynamics are referred to as “shaping proteins”. Marked heterogeneity has been observed in the response of tumor cells to chemotherapy, which is associated with imbalances in mitochondrial dynamics and function leading to adaptive and acquired resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. Therefore, targeting mitochondria-shaping proteins may prove to be a promising approach to treat chemotherapy resistant cancers. In this review, we summarize the alterations of mitochondrial dynamics in chemotherapeutic processing and the antitumor mechanisms by which chemotherapy drugs synergize with mitochondria-shaping proteins. These might shed light on new biomarkers for better prediction of cancer chemosensitivity and contribute to the exploitation of potent therapeutic strategies for the clinical treatment of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longlong Xie
- Hunan Children's Hospital, The Pediatric Academy of University of South China, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tiansheng Zhou
- Hunan Children's Hospital, The Pediatric Academy of University of South China, Changsha, China
| | - Yujun Xie
- Hunan Children's Hospital, The Pediatric Academy of University of South China, Changsha, China
| | - Ann M Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, United States
| | - Ya Cao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Research Center for Technologies of Nucleic Acid-Based Diagnostics and Therapeutics Hunan Province, Changsha, China.,Molecular Imaging Research Center of Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Joint Engineering Research Center for Genetic Diagnostics of Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Changsha, China
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20
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Geldenhuys WJ, Piktel D, Moore JC, Rellick SL, Meadows E, Pinti MV, Hollander JM, Ammer AG, Martin KH, Gibson LF. Loss of the redox mitochondrial protein mitoNEET leads to mitochondrial dysfunction in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 175:226-235. [PMID: 34496224 PMCID: PMC8478879 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) affects both pediatric and adult patients. Chemotherapy resistant tumor cells that contribute to minimal residual disease (MRD) underlie relapse and poor clinical outcomes in a sub-set of patients. Targeting mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in the treatment of refractory leukemic cells is a potential novel approach to sensitizing tumor cells to existing standard of care therapeutic agents. In the current study, we have expanded our previous investigation of the mitoNEET ligand NL-1 in the treatment of ALL to interrogate the functional role of the mitochondrial outer membrane protein mitoNEET in B-cell ALL. Knockout (KO) of mitoNEET (gene: CISD1) in REH leukemic cells led to changes in mitochondrial ultra-structure and function. REH cells have significantly reduced OXPHOS capacity in the KO cells coincident with reduction in electron flow and increased reactive oxygen species. In addition, we found a decrease in lipid content in KO cells, as compared to the vector control cells was observed. Lastly, the KO of mitoNEET was associated with decreased proliferation as compared to control cells when exposed to the standard of care agent cytarabine (Ara-C). Taken together, these observations suggest that mitoNEET is essential for optimal function of mitochondria in B-cell ALL and may represent a novel anti-leukemic drug target for treatment of minimal residual disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner J Geldenhuys
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University School of Pharmacy, Morgantown, WV, USA; Mitochondria Metabolism and Bioenergetics Working Group, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Debbie Piktel
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA; West Virginia University Cancer Institute, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Javohn C Moore
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Stephanie L Rellick
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Ethan Meadows
- Department of Human Performance, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA; Mitochondria Metabolism and Bioenergetics Working Group, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Mark V Pinti
- Department of Human Performance, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA; Mitochondria Metabolism and Bioenergetics Working Group, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - John M Hollander
- Department of Human Performance, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA; Mitochondria Metabolism and Bioenergetics Working Group, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Amanda G Ammer
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Karen H Martin
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA; West Virginia University Cancer Institute, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Laura F Gibson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA; West Virginia University Cancer Institute, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.
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21
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Jafari A, Sheikholeslami-Vatani D, Khosrobakhsh F, Khaledi N. Synergistic Effects of Exercise Training and Vitamin D Supplementation on Mitochondrial Function of Cardiac Tissue, Antioxidant Capacity, and Tumor Growth in Breast Cancer in Bearing-4T1 Mice. Front Physiol 2021; 12:640237. [PMID: 33927639 PMCID: PMC8076802 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.640237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Both regular exercise training and vitamin D consumption are beneficial for patients with cancer. The study investigated the effects of interval exercise training (IET) or/and vitamin D supplementation on the gene expression involved in mitochondrial function of heart tissue, tumor size, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in breast cancer (BC) model mice. We assigned random 40 female NMRI mice to five equal groups (n = 8); the healthy control group (H.C), cancer control group (Ca.C), cancer with the vitamin D group (Ca.VD), cancer exercise group (Ca.Ex), and cancer exercise along with the vitamin D group (Ca.Ex.VD). Forty-eight hours after treatment, we anesthetized the animals and performed the isolation of heart tissue and blood serum for further studies. The results showed that the lowest mean body weight at the end of the treatments was related to Ca.C (p = 0.001). Vitamin D treatment alone has increased tumor volume growth by approximately 23%; in contrast, co-treatment with exercise and vitamin D inhibited tumor growth in mice (P = 0.001), compared with the cancer control (12%). TAC levels were higher in the group that received both vitamin D and exercise training (Ca.Ex.VD) than in the other treatment groups (Ca.VD and Ca.Ex) (p = 0.001). In cardiac tissue, vitamin D treatment induces an elevation significantly of the mRNA expression of Pgc1-α, Mfn-1, and Drp-1 genes (p = 0.001). The study has shown the overexpression of vitamin D in female mice, and synergistic effects of IET with vitamin D on weight loss controlling, antitumorigenesis, improvement of antioxidant defense, and the modulation of gene expression. The synergistic responses were likely by increasing mitochondrial fusion and TAC to control oxidative stress. We recommended being conducted further studies on mitochondrial dynamics and biogenesis focusing on risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Jafari
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
| | | | - Farnoosh Khosrobakhsh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Neda Khaledi
- Physical Education and Sports Sciences College, Kharazmi University, Karaj, Iran
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