1
|
Ellis JO, Lee BJ, Turner JE. One night of sleep fragmentation does not affect exercise-induced leukocyte trafficking or mitogen-stimulated leukocyte oxidative burst in healthy men. Physiol Behav 2021; 239:113506. [PMID: 34174325 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examined whether one night of sleep fragmentation alters circulating leukocyte counts and mitogen-stimulated oxidative burst by leukocytes at rest and in response to an acute bout of vigorous exercise. METHODS In a randomised crossover design, nine healthy men (mean ± SD: age 22 ± 2 years; BMI 24.9 ± 1.9 kg/m2) were exposed to one night of fragmented or uninterrupted sleep before cycling for 45 min at 71% ± 4% V̇O2peak. Finger-tip blood samples were collected at rest, immediately post-exercise and one-hour post-exercise. Total leukocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes and neutrophils were counted. Leukocyte oxidative burst was assessed in whole blood by measuring Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production with luminol-amplified chemiluminescence after stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). RESULTS Exercise elicited the expected trafficking pattern of leukocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes and neutrophils. Compared to rest, PMA-stimulated ROS production was increased one-hour post-exercise (+73% ± 65%; p = 0.019; data combined for fragmented and uninterrupted sleep). There were no statistically significant effects of fragmented sleep on leukocyte, lymphocyte, monocyte, and neutrophil counts or on ROS production at rest, immediately post-exercise or one-hour post-exercise (p > 0.05). However, with fragmented sleep, there was a +10% greater lymphocytosis immediately post-exercise (fragmented +40% ± 37%; uninterrupted +30% ± 35%; p = 0.51) and a -19% smaller neutrophilia by one-hour post-exercise (fragmented +103% ± 88%; uninterrupted +122% ± 131%; p = 0.72). CONCLUSION Fragmented sleep did not substantially alter the magnitude or pattern of exercise-induced leukocyte trafficking or mitogen-stimulated oxidative burst by leukocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James O Ellis
- University of Bath, Department for Health, Claverton Down, Bath, UK
| | - Ben J Lee
- Environmental and Occupational Physiology Group, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry, UK
| | - James E Turner
- University of Bath, Department for Health, Claverton Down, Bath, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tempaku P, Hirotsu C, Mazzotti D, Xavier G, Maurya P, Brietzke E, Belangero S, Poyares D, Bittencourt L, Tufik S. Long Sleep Duration, Insomnia, and Insomnia With Short Objective Sleep Duration Are Independently Associated With Short Telomere Length. J Clin Sleep Med 2018; 14:2037-2045. [PMID: 30518442 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.7532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES We aimed to determine the association between short telomere length, sleep parameters, and sleep disorders in an adult general population sample. METHODS As part of the EPISONO cohort (São Paulo, Brazil), 925 individuals answered questionnaires, underwent a full-night polysomnography and clinical assessment, and had peripheral blood collected for DNA extraction. Insomnia was diagnosed based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition; and obstructive sleep apnea was defined according to apnea-hypopnea index. For the objective insomnia phenotype, we combined insomnia diagnosis with total sleep time from polysomnography with a cutoff of 360 minutes, allowing the classification of six groups. Self-reported sleep duration was used to classify the individuals as short (< 6 hours), average (6 to 8 hours) and long (> 8 hours) sleepers. The leukocyte telomere length was measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Based on its distribution, we considered leukocyte telomere length < 10th percentile as short telomere and leukocyte telomere length ≥ 10th percentile as non-short telomere. RESULTS After adjusting for sex, age, and body mass index, only insomnia disorder (odds ratio [OR] = 2.654, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.025-6.873, P = .044), insomnia disorder total sleep time < 360 minutes (OR = 4.205, 95% CI = 1.097-16.117, P = .036) and long sleepers (OR = 2.177, 95% CI = 1.189- 3.987, P = .012) were associated with short telomere. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the existence of an association among insomnia, insomnia phenotype, and self-reported long sleep duration with the maintenance of telomere length. COMMENTARY A commentary on this article appears in this issue on page 1975.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Tempaku
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Hirotsu
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Center for Investigation and Research in Sleep, Department of Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Diego Mazzotti
- Center for Sleep and Circadian Neurobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Gabriela Xavier
- LINC-Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pawan Maurya
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, India
| | - Elisa Brietzke
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sintia Belangero
- LINC-Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dalva Poyares
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lia Bittencourt
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sergio Tufik
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Moreno-Villanueva M, von Scheven G, Feiveson A, Bürkle A, Wu H, Goel N. The degree of radiation-induced DNA strand breaks is altered by acute sleep deprivation and psychological stress and is associated with cognitive performance in humans. Sleep 2018; 41:4954606. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Moreno-Villanueva
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX
- Department of Biology, Molecular Toxicology Group, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Gudrun von Scheven
- Department of Biology, Molecular Toxicology Group, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Alan Feiveson
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX
| | - Alexander Bürkle
- Department of Biology, Molecular Toxicology Group, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Honglu Wu
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX
| | - Namni Goel
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Sleep and Chronobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Haag P, Shankland R, Osin E, Boujut É, Cazalis F, Bruno AS, Vrignaud P, Gay MC. Stress perçu et santé physique des doctorants dans les universités françaises. PRAT PSYCHOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prps.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
5
|
Watson NF, Badr MS, Belenky G, Bliwise DL, Buxton OM, Buysse D, Dinges DF, Gangwisch J, Grandner MA, Kushida C, Malhotra RK, Martin JL, Patel SR, Quan SF, Tasali E. Joint Consensus Statement of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and Sleep Research Society on the Recommended Amount of Sleep for a Healthy Adult: Methodology and Discussion. J Clin Sleep Med 2015; 11:931-52. [PMID: 26235159 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.4950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The American Academy of Sleep Medicine and Sleep Research Society recently released a Consensus Statement regarding the recommended amount of sleep to promote optimal health in adults. This paper describes the methodology, background literature, voting process, and voting results for the consensus statement. In addition, we address important assumptions and challenges encountered during the consensus process. Finally, we outline future directions that will advance our understanding of sleep need and place sleep duration in the broader context of sleep health.
Collapse
|
6
|
Watson NF, Badr MS, Belenky G, Bliwise DL, Buxton OM, Buysse D, Dinges DF, Gangwisch J, Grandner MA, Kushida C, Malhotra RK, Martin JL, Patel SR, Quan SF, Tasali E. Joint Consensus Statement of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and Sleep Research Society on the Recommended Amount of Sleep for a Healthy Adult: Methodology and Discussion. Sleep 2015; 38:1161-83. [PMID: 26194576 DOI: 10.5665/sleep.4886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 442] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The American Academy of Sleep Medicine and Sleep Research Society recently released a Consensus Statement regarding the recommended amount of sleep to promote optimal health in adults. This paper describes the methodology, background literature, voting process, and voting results for the consensus statement. In addition, we address important assumptions and challenges encountered during the consensus process. Finally, we outline future directions that will advance our understanding of sleep need and place sleep duration in the broader context of sleep health.
Collapse
|
7
|
Gillum TL, Kuennen MR, Castillo MN, Williams NL, Jordan-Patterson AT. Exercise, But Not Acute Sleep Loss, Increases Salivary Antimicrobial Protein Secretion. J Strength Cond Res 2015; 29:1359-66. [DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000000828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
8
|
Prather AA, Puterman E, Epel ES, Dhabhar FS. Poor sleep quality potentiates stress-induced cytokine reactivity in postmenopausal women with high visceral abdominal adiposity. Brain Behav Immun 2014; 35:155-62. [PMID: 24060585 PMCID: PMC3962521 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2013.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Revised: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep disturbance is a key behavioral risk factor for chronic medical conditions observed at high rates among overweight and obese individuals. Systemic inflammation, including that induced by stress, may serve as a common biological mechanism linking sleep, adiposity, and disease risk. To investigate these relationships, 48 postmenopausal women (mean age=61.8) completed a standardized laboratory stress task during which time blood was collected at baseline and 30, 50 and 90+ min after stressor onset to assess circulating levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and IL-6/IL-10 ratio. Self-reported global sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) while adiposity was estimated by body mass index. Sagittal diameter was obtained in clinic to estimate visceral abdominal adiposity. Multi-level growth curve models revealed that poorer self-reported sleep quality was associated with greater stress-induced increases in IL-6/IL-10 ratio. In terms of adiposity, higher sagittal diameter, but not BMI, was associated with greater IL-6 reactivity (p's<0.05). Further, associations between sleep quality and cytokine reactivity varied as a function of sagittal diameter. Among poor sleepers (1 SD above mean of PSQI score), stress-induced increases in IL-6 and IL-6/IL-10 ratio were significantly steeper in those with high visceral adiposity (1 SD above the mean of sagittal diameter) compared to those with low visceral adiposity (1 SD below the mean of sagittal diameter). In sum, poorer sleep quality and greater visceral adiposity, separately and especially in combination, are associated with greater stress-related increases in systemic inflammation. This research may help elucidate the complex link between sleep, obesity and inflammatory disease risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aric A. Prather
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco,Corresponding Authors: Aric A. Prather, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, 3333 California St., Suite 465, San Francisco, CA 94118, (415) 476-7758, Firdaus S. Dhabhar, PhD, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Institute for Immunity, Transplantation & Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, 259 Campus Drive, MC 5135, Stanford, CA 94305-5135, (650) 736-8565
| | - Eli Puterman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Elissa S. Epel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco,Corresponding Authors: Aric A. Prather, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, 3333 California St., Suite 465, San Francisco, CA 94118, (415) 476-7758, Firdaus S. Dhabhar, PhD, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Institute for Immunity, Transplantation & Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, 259 Campus Drive, MC 5135, Stanford, CA 94305-5135, (650) 736-8565
| | - Firdaus S. Dhabhar
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences,Institute of Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection,Cancer Center, Stanford University,Corresponding Authors: Aric A. Prather, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, 3333 California St., Suite 465, San Francisco, CA 94118, (415) 476-7758, Firdaus S. Dhabhar, PhD, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Institute for Immunity, Transplantation & Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, 259 Campus Drive, MC 5135, Stanford, CA 94305-5135, (650) 736-8565
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
The effects of poor sleep on cognitive, affective, and physiological responses to a laboratory stressor. Ann Behav Med 2013; 46:40-51. [PMID: 23504562 DOI: 10.1007/s12160-013-9482-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent research suggests that poor sleep may be associated with altered stress regulation. PURPOSE This study aims to examine the associations between prior-night and prior-month sleep measures and affective, cognitive, and physiological responses to a laboratory stressor. METHODS Ninety-eight (50 % female) young adults completed measures of sleep quality in the context of a laboratory stress study. Measures included positive (PA) and negative affects (NA) and blood pressure (BP) reactivity, as well as change in pre-sleep arousal. RESULTS Prior-month poor sleep quality and sleep disturbances predicted dampened BP reactivity. Both prior-night and prior-month sleep quality predicted greater decrease in PA. Sleep-associated monitoring predicted NA reactivity and prolonged cognitive and affective activation. Prior-month sleep continuity predicted greater cognitive pre-sleep arousal change, and prior-month sleep quality, daytime dysfunction, and disturbances predicted prolonged cognitive and affective activation. CONCLUSION Findings suggest that inadequate sleep confers vulnerability to poor cognitive, affective, and physiological responses to stress.
Collapse
|
10
|
Madsen MT, Rosenberg J, Gögenur I. Actigraphy for measurement of sleep and sleep-wake rhythms in relation to surgery. J Clin Sleep Med 2013; 9:387-94. [PMID: 23585756 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.2598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Patients undergoing surgery have severe sleep and sleep-wake rhythm disturbances resulting in increased morbidity. Actigraphy is a tool that can be used to quantify these disturbances. The aim of this manuscript was to present the literature where actigraphy has been used to measure sleep and sleep-wake rhythms in relation to surgery. METHODS A systematic review was performed in 3 databases (Medline, Embase, and Psycinfo), including all literature until July 2012. RESULTS Thirty-two studies were included in the review. Actigraphy could demonstrate that total sleep time and sleep efficiency was reduced after surgery and number of awakenings was increased in patients undergoing major surgery. Disturbances were less severe in patients undergoing minor surgery. Actigraphy could be used to differentiate between delirious and non-delirious patients after major surgery. Actigraphy measurements could determine a differential effect of surgery based on the patient's age. The effect of pharmacological interventions (chronobiotics and hypnotics) in surgical patients could also be demonstrated by actigraphy. CONCLUSION Actigraphy can be used to measure sleep and sleep-wake rhythms in patients undergoing surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Madsen
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, University of Copenhagen, Herlev Hospital, Herlev, Denmark.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Oxidative stress, cancer, and sleep deprivation: is there a logical link in this association? Sleep Breath 2013; 17:905-10. [PMID: 23371889 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-012-0797-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2012] [Revised: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 12/24/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sleep disorders are associated with various human pathologies and interfere with biological processes essential for health and quality of life. On the other hand, cancer is one of the most common diseases worldwide with an average of 1,500 deaths per day in the USA. Is there a factor common to both sleep disorders and cancer that serves to link these conditions? DISCUSSION It is a normal process for cellular metabolism to produce reactive oxidant series (ROS). However, when the production of ROS overcomes the antioxidant capacity of the cell to eliminate these products, the resulting state is called oxidative stress. Oxidative DNA damage may participate in ROS-induced carcinogenesis. Moreover, ROS are also produced in the sleep deprivation process. The aim of this article is to review pathways and mechanisms that may point to oxidative stress as a link between sleep deprivation and cancer.
Collapse
|
12
|
Pellegrino R, Sunaga DY, Guindalini C, Martins RCS, Mazzotti DR, Wei Z, Daye ZJ, Andersen ML, Tufik S. Whole blood genome-wide gene expression profile in males after prolonged wakefulness and sleep recovery. Physiol Genomics 2012; 44:1003-12. [DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00058.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the specific functions of sleep have not been completely elucidated, the literature has suggested that sleep is essential for proper homeostasis. Sleep loss is associated with changes in behavioral, neurochemical, cellular, and metabolic function as well as impaired immune response. Using high-resolution microarrays we evaluated the gene expression profiles of healthy male volunteers who underwent 60 h of prolonged wakefulness (PW) followed by 12 h of sleep recovery (SR). Peripheral whole blood was collected at 8 am in the morning before the initiation of PW (Baseline), after the second night of PW, and one night after SR. We identified over 500 genes that were differentially expressed. Notably, these genes were related to DNA damage and repair and stress response, as well as diverse immune system responses, such as natural killer pathways including killer cell lectin-like receptors family, as well as granzymes and T-cell receptors, which play important roles in host defense. These results support the idea that sleep loss can lead to alterations in molecular processes that result in perturbation of cellular immunity, induction of inflammatory responses, and homeostatic imbalance. Moreover, expression of multiple genes was downregulated following PW and upregulated after SR compared with PW, suggesting an attempt of the body to re-establish internal homeostasis. In silico validation of alterations in the expression of CETN3, DNAJC, and CEACAM genes confirmed previous findings related to the molecular effects of sleep deprivation. Thus, the present findings confirm that the effects of sleep loss are not restricted to the brain and can occur intensely in peripheral tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R. Pellegrino
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - D. Y. Sunaga
- Human Genome Research Center, Biosciences Institute of University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C. Guindalini
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R. C. S. Martins
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - D. R. Mazzotti
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Z. Wei
- Department of Computer Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey; and
| | - Z. J. Daye
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - M. L. Andersen
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - S. Tufik
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sørensen M, Andersen ZJ, Nordsborg RB, Jensen SS, Lillelund KG, Beelen R, Schmidt EB, Tjønneland A, Overvad K, Raaschou-Nielsen O. Road traffic noise and incident myocardial infarction: a prospective cohort study. PLoS One 2012; 7:e39283. [PMID: 22745727 PMCID: PMC3380019 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Accepted: 05/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Both road traffic noise and ambient air pollution have been associated with risk for ischemic heart disease, but only few inconsistent studies include both exposures. Methods In a population-based cohort of 57 053 people aged 50 to 64 years at enrolment in 1993–1997, we identified 1600 cases of first-ever MI between enrolment and 2006. The mean follow-up time was 9.8 years. Exposure to road traffic noise and air pollution from 1988 to 2006 was estimated for all cohort members from residential address history. Associations between exposure to road traffic noise and incident MI were analysed in a Cox regression model with adjustment for air pollution (NOx) and other potential confounders: age, sex, education, lifestyle confounders, railway and airport noise. Results We found that residential exposure to road traffic noise (Lden) was significantly associated with MI, with an incidence rate ratio IRR of 1.12 per 10 dB for both of the two exposure windows: yearly exposure at the time of diagnosis (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02–1.22) and 5-years time-weighted mean (95% CI: 1.02–1.23) preceding the diagnosis. Visualizing of the results using restricted cubic splines showed a linear dose-response relationship. Conclusions Exposure to long-term residential road traffic noise was associated with a higher risk for MI, in a dose-dependent manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mette Sørensen
- Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Fondell E, Axelsson J, Franck K, Ploner A, Lekander M, Bälter K, Gaines H. Short natural sleep is associated with higher T cell and lower NK cell activities. Brain Behav Immun 2011; 25:1367-75. [PMID: 21496482 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2011.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2010] [Revised: 03/22/2011] [Accepted: 04/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Short sleep duration increases the risk of several diseases, possibly involving compromised immune function. However, most previous studies are based on experimentally induced sleep deprivation, and only a few have studied natural variations in sleep duration. Thus our aim was to study how natural variations in sleep duration affect immune function. In total, 36 healthy men and women, aged 20-54, donated blood; 29 on three consecutive mornings, and seven on one morning. Each morning, participants self-reported sleep duration the night prior to blood draw. General sleep patterns, physical activity and stress were also assessed. A flow-cytometric assay was used to measure natural killer cell activity (NKCA), T cell function (in response to PHA, influenza, and SEA+B), and B cell function (in response to PWM) per volume whole blood. Short sleep duration prior to blood draw (<7 h) was associated with 49% higher PHA-induced T cell function (95% CI 7/109%) and 30% lower NKCA compared with normal prior sleep (7-9 h) (95% CI -46/-8%). In addition, high perceived stress was associated with 39% higher PHA-induced T cell function (95% CI 0/94%). High general physical activity was associated with 47% increased numbers of B cells and 28% increased numbers of T cells, but not with immune function. Our results suggest strong relationships between short sleep duration and T- and NK-cell functions. The stability of the findings as well as the clinical consequences of the link between short sleep and immune function should be explored in future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elinor Fondell
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Okun ML. Biological Consequences of Disturbed Sleep: Important Mediators of Health? JAPANESE PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2011; 53:163-176. [PMID: 23620604 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-5884.2011.00463.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
There is an extensive literature regarding the immunological and endocrinological consequences of illness, stress, and psychopathology. Yet only a modest literature is available regarding the potential unfavorable effects of chronic sleep loss/disruption on immune and endocrine pathways or on various aspects of health. Given that humans spend approximately 1/3 of their lives asleep, it seems pertinent to evaluate this necessary yet understudied behavior. The evidence overwhelmingly indicates that "excessive" sleep disruption or poor sleep quality/continuity may subsequently increase risk for adverse health outcomes, as well as mortality. This is thought to occur through dysregulation of biological pathways. While our information addressing the immunological or endocrinological consequences of poor sleep is mounting, the majority of evidence stems from epidemiologic and cross-sectional studies. The immune and endocrine systems are dynamic and constantly in flux. Thus, the methodologies and study designs used to understand how sleep affects these systems needs to be as dynamic. Experimental manipulations and longitudinal evaluations are needed to effectively understand sleep as a risk factor for health. Thus, this paper is a primer in which to highlight the immunological and endocrinological consequences of disrupted or disturbed sleep as well as describe how these relationships may impact overall health. It is also meant to spark an interest for future evaluations of how the behavior of sleep is relevant to health.
Collapse
|
16
|
Wright CE, Schnur JB, Montgomery GH, Bovbjerg DH. Psychological factors associated with poor sleep prior to breast surgery: an exploratory study. Behav Med 2010; 36:85-91. [PMID: 20801756 DOI: 10.1080/08964280903521305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
This study explored the relationship between psychological factors (including intrusive thoughts, anxiety, well-being, depressed mood) and poor sleep the night before surgery. Patients (N = 39) scheduled for breast surgery (mean age = 47 years) wore an actiwatch at home the night before surgery to provide an objective indication of sleep duration and sleep efficiency. Participants also completed 3 measures of their psychological experience during the week prior to surgery. In separate regression analyses, intrusive thoughts, anxiety, and emotional well-being were each related to sleep duration the night before surgery, when controlling for age, body mass index, ethnicity, and marital status. No relationships were found between depressed mood, physical or social well-being, and sleep duration. In a multiple regression model that included all significant variables, intrusive thoughts were most strongly associated with sleep duration. Intrusive thoughts were also significantly related to sleep efficiency. Results suggest that patients' intrusions about impending surgery are associated with lower sleep duration and sleep efficiency the night before surgery. Additional research is warranted to explore the implications of these associations for patients, as well as possible interventions to improve sleep in this clinical setting.
Collapse
|
17
|
de Kluizenaar Y, Janssen SA, van Lenthe FJ, Miedema HME, Mackenbach JP. Long-term road traffic noise exposure is associated with an increase in morning tiredness. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2009; 126:626-633. [PMID: 19640028 DOI: 10.1121/1.3158834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the association between night time road traffic noise exposure (L(night)) and self-reported sleep problems. Logistic regression was performed in a large population based cohort study (GLOBE), including over 18 000 subjects, to study the association between exposure at the dwelling facade and sleep problems. Measures of sleep problems were collected by questionnaire with two questions: "Do you in general get up tired and not well rested in the morning?" and "Do you often use sleep medication or tranquilizers?" After adjustment for potential confounders, a significant association was found between noise exposure and the risk of getting up tired and not rested in the morning. Although prevalence of medication use was higher at higher noise levels compared to the reference category (L(night)<35 dB), after adjustment for covariates this association was not significant. Long-term road traffic noise exposure is associated with increased risk of getting up tired and not rested in the morning in the general population. This result extends the earlier established relationship between long-term noise exposure and self-reported sleep disturbance assessed with questions that explicitly referred to noise and indicates that road traffic noise exposure during the night may have day-after effects.
Collapse
|
18
|
Sivertsen B, Øverland S, Pallesen S, Bjorvatn B, Nordhus IH, Maeland JG, Mykletun A. Insomnia and long sleep duration are risk factors for later work disability. The Hordaland Health Study. J Sleep Res 2008; 18:122-8. [PMID: 19021852 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2869.2008.00697.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Both insomnia and sleep duration have previously been linked with a range of adverse outcomes, but no studies have explored their relative effect on subsequent work disability. The aim of the present study was to investigate the contribution of insomnia versus sleep duration to later long-term work disability. Using a historical cohort design with 4-year follow-up, data on insomnia, sleep duration and potential confounders were gathered from 6599 working persons (40-45 years). The outcome was award of disability pension, as registered in the National Insurance Administration. After controlling for baseline exposure to disability and sick leave, insomnia was a strong predictor of permanent work disability [odds ratio (OR) = 4.56], and this effect remained significant after controlling for sleep duration, as well as for other possible confounders (OR = 1.88). Short sleep duration was not significantly associated with subsequent work disability, while long sleep duration (>8.5 h) did predict work disability (OR = 2.96), also in the fully adjusted model (OR = 2.14).The present study demonstrates that both insomnia and long sleep duration are strong and independent risk factors for subsequent work disability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Børge Sivertsen
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|