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Mareth C, Fetzner UK, Saely CH. Age and professional experience as determinants of the utilization of psychoneuroimmunological research in clinical practice: An exploratory study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34723. [PMID: 37653748 PMCID: PMC10470779 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune system is affected by psychosocial stimuli and plays a major role in the development of various diseases. Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI)-based interventions may positively influence the disease course; however, the impact of PNI research findings on clinical practice differs depending on the medical specialties involved. A comprehensive overview of the use of PNI research findings in clinical practice is currently lacking. This exploratory study aimed to provide insight into the dissemination of PNI research findings and their practical applications among clinical practitioners. Data was collected from 50 physicians using an ad hoc online questionnaire. We invited participants to take part in our online survey via an article in the DocCheck Newsletter, a German-language newsletter for physicians. Bivariate nonparametric correlation analysis (Spearman correlation) were used to explore the relationship between independent variables (age, sex, medical specialty, professional experience, and clinical environment) and dependent variables (six questionnaire items concerned with awareness, relevance, and utilization of PNI concepts). While 46% of respondents believed that PNI research findings were relevant to patient treatment, only 22% used PNI-based interventions as part of their therapeutic regimen. Furthermore, 90% of participants could not refer their patients to therapists offering PNI-based interventions. Moderately positive correlations were identified between the increasing age (rs = .48, P < .001) and increasing amount of professional experience (rs = .34, P = .02) of study participants and awareness of the theoretical foundations of PNI research. Although there is some awareness of PNI among medical practitioners, there appears to be a clear barrier inhibiting the implementation of research findings in current treatment practices. Therefore, it is necessary to examine the impact of increasing age and professional experience on the utilization of PNI-based interventions in patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Mareth
- UFL Private University in the Principality of Liechtenstein, Triesen, Principality of Liechtenstein
- AllDent Zahnzentrum, München, Germany
| | - Ulrich K. Fetzner
- UFL Private University in the Principality of Liechtenstein, Triesen, Principality of Liechtenstein
- Department for General-, Visceral-, Thoracic-, Pediatric- and Endocrine Surgery, Johannes Wesling Hospital, University Clinic Ruhr, University Bochum, Minden, Germany
| | - Christoph H. Saely
- UFL Private University in the Principality of Liechtenstein, Triesen, Principality of Liechtenstein
- Vorarlberg Institute for Vascular Investigation and Treatment (VIVIT), Feldkirch, Austria
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Menon B, Narayan SK, Bhade S. COVID-19, Moral Injury and the Bhagvad Gita. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2021; 60:654-662. [PMID: 33635446 PMCID: PMC7908940 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-021-01210-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
During life challenging times like the present COVID-19 pandemic, the health care worker (HCW) is faced with a number of questions of an existential nature. There is a sense of guilt, anguish, helplessness, uncertainty and powerlessness when one is fighting something on such a powerful scale with limited resources and no definite end in sight. There are circumstances when these feelings can overwhelm a person leading to demoralization and potentially a moral injury. Spiritual practices and advice may help to deal with moral paradoxes and ethical dilemmas when other secular supports are undermined or inaccessible. The Holy Indian Epic, the Bhagvad Gita has described the moral distress of the warrior Arjuna, during the battle of Kurukshetra and the advice given to him by the Lord Krishna the gist of which can be encapsulated in the form of the four Ds- Detachment, Duty, Doer-ship and Dhyana or meditation. In this article, the authors explore how these concepts may be useful aids to the HCW faced with moral and psychological distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bindu Menon
- Department of Psychiatry, Sri Venketeshwaraa Medical College, Ariyur, Pondicherry, 605102, India.
| | - Sunil K Narayan
- Department of Neurology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research( JIPMER), Dhanvanthari Nagar, Pondicherry, 605006, India
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Pathways to well-being: Untangling the causal relationships among biopsychosocial variables. Soc Sci Med 2021; 272:112846. [DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.112846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Dowd JB, Fletcher HA, Boccia D. Social determinants and BCG efficacy: a call for a socio-biological approach to TB prevention. F1000Res 2018; 7:224. [PMID: 29904590 PMCID: PMC5974585 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.14085.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
A high burden of TB mortality persists despite the long-term availability of the bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, whose efficacy has been highly variable across populations. Innovative and alternative approaches to TB prevention are urgently needed while optimal biomedical tools continue to be developed. We call for new interdisciplinary collaborations to expand and integrate our understanding of how social determinants influence the biological processes that lead to TB disease, how this translates into differential BCG efficacy and, ultimately, how social protection interventions can play a role in reducing the global burden of TB. After providing an overview of the immune pathways important for the establishment of a response to the BCG vaccine, we outline how social determinants and psychosocial stressors can contribute to the observed variation in BCG efficacy above and beyond these biological factors. We conclude by proposing a new interdisciplinary research model based on the integration of social epidemiology theories with biomedical knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer B. Dowd
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
- CUNY Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York, NY, USA
| | - Helen A Fletcher
- Department of Immunology and Infection, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Delia Boccia
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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Psychoneuroimmunology-developments in stress research. Wien Med Wochenschr 2017; 168:76-84. [PMID: 28600777 DOI: 10.1007/s10354-017-0574-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Links between the central nervous stress system and peripheral immune cells in lymphoid organs have been detailed through 50 years of intensive research. The brain can interfere with the immune system, where chronic psychological stress inhibits many functions of the immune system. On the other hand, chronic peripheral inflammation-whether mild (during aging and psychological stress) or severe (chronic inflammatory diseases)-clearly interferes with brain function, leading to disease sequelae like fatigue but also to overt psychiatric illness. In recent years, it has been observed that psychological stress can be disease permissive, as in chronic inflammatory diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, acute and chronic viral infections, sepsis, asthma, and others. We recognized that stress reactivity is programmed for a lifetime during a critical period between fetal life and early childhood, which then influences stress behavior and stress responses in adulthood. First phase II clinical studies, e.g., on cognitive behavioral therapy and mind-body therapies (e. g., mindfulness-based stress reduction), are available that show some benefits in stressful human diseases such as breast cancer and others. The field of psychoneuroimmunology has reached a firm ground and invites therapeutic approaches based on Good Clinical Practice phase III multicenter randomized controlled trials to influence stress responses and outcome in chronic illness.
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Sotelo J. The nervous and the immune systems: conspicuous physiological analogies. J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol 2014; 201:185-94. [DOI: 10.1007/s00359-014-0961-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Chhatre S, Metzger DS, Frank I, Boyer J, Thompson E, Nidich S, Montaner LJ, Jayadevappa R. Effects of behavioral stress reduction Transcendental Meditation intervention in persons with HIV. AIDS Care 2013; 25:1291-7. [PMID: 23394825 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2013.764396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Stress is implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of HIV. The Transcendental Meditation (TM) is a behavioral stress reduction program that incorporates mind-body approach, and has demonstrated effectiveness in improving outcomes via stress reduction. We evaluated the feasibility of implementing TM and its effects on outcomes in persons with HIV. In this community-based single blinded Phase-I, randomized controlled trial, outcomes (psychological and physiological stress, immune activation, generic and HIV-specific health-related quality of life, depression and quality of well-being) were assessed at baseline and at six months, and were compared using parametric and nonparametric tests. Twenty-two persons with HIV were equally randomized to TM intervention or healthy eating (HE) education control group. Retention was 100% in TM group and 91% in HE control group. The TM group exhibited significant improvement in vitality. Significant between group differences were observed for generic and HIV-specific health-related quality of life. Small sample size may possibly limit the ability to observe significant differences in some outcomes. TM stress reduction intervention in community dwelling adults with HIV is viable and can enhance health-related quality of life. Further research with large sample and longer follow-up is needed to validate our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumedha Chhatre
- a Department of Psychiatry, HIV/AIDS Prevention Research Division , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , PA , USA
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The effects of daily distress and personality on genital HSV shedding and lesions in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial of acyclovir in HSV-2 seropositive women. Brain Behav Immun 2011; 25:1475-81. [PMID: 21693182 PMCID: PMC3175287 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2011.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2011] [Revised: 06/06/2011] [Accepted: 06/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections are ubiquitous in humans, but the determinants of clinical and virologic severity are not completely understood. Prior research has suggested that psychological distress can be a co-factor in reactivation of latent HSV infection. Personality traits such as extraversion and neuroticism influence stress attributions and may inform the relationship between psychological distress and health outcomes. Earlier studies in this area have primarily focused on subjective reports of HSV lesion recurrence, but such reports may be influenced by both personality traits and distress. We report results from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial of acyclovir in 19 women for whom personality was assessed at baseline and daily assessments of genital lesions, stress, anxiety, and depression levels were collected for 22 weeks. In addition, daily swabs of the genital mucosa were collected to assess HSV-2 viral reactivation. We found that daily stress predicted genital lesion frequency, and that daily stress, anxiety, and depression predicted genital lesion onset approximately 5 days before onset. Anxiety was also associated with genital lesions 3 days after onset. Distress and viral reactivation were not associated; and no personality traits were associated with any of the outcomes. These results support the hypothesis that psychological distress is both a cause and a consequence of genital lesion episodes.
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Avitsur R, Mays JW, Sheridan JF. Sex differences in the response to influenza virus infection: modulation by stress. Horm Behav 2011; 59:257-64. [PMID: 21167165 PMCID: PMC3040247 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2010.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2010] [Revised: 12/06/2010] [Accepted: 12/07/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Influenza virus infection is a significant public health problem; however factors affecting the incidence and severity of disease have not been fully elucidated. The present study sought to examine the role of sex and stress in mediating susceptibility to an influenza viral infection in mice. Male and female mice underwent repeated cycles of restraint (RST) stress, followed by an influenza A/PR8 virus infection. Following these manipulations, levels of circulating corticosterone, lung proinflammatory cytokine gene expression and sickness behavior were examined. The data indicate sex differences in several aspects of the response to the A/PR8 virus infection. The kinetics of lung interleukin-1β mRNA expression were faster in infected males compared to females, while circulating corticosterone levels were elevated in infected females, but not in males. Anorexia and reduced saccharin consumption began earlier and symptoms were more pronounced in infected males than in females. In addition, RST modulated the response to the A/PR8 virus infection. Proinflammatory cytokine gene expression in response to infection was enhanced and sickness behavior was modulated by RST in both males and females. These data suggest that males mount more vigorous immune and behavioral responses to influenza viral infection compared to females, and stress exacerbates the response in both males and females. In conclusion, complex interactions between biological and behavioral factors are involved in mediating individual differences in health and disease. Additional studies may help uncover some of the factors contributing to the individual differences in susceptibility to influenza infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronit Avitsur
- School of Behavioral Sciences, The Academic College of Tel Aviv-Yaffo, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our principal objective was to determine whether psychosocial stress raises the risk of HIV infection among gay and bisexual men. If so, we also aimed to evaluate the evidence for the underlying mechanism, specifically whether stress has an intermediate effect on sexual risk behaviour or an independent, cofactor effect. METHODS Participants were recruited through the provincial HIV diagnostic laboratory, physicians and community organizations in Ontario, Canada, 1998-2006. Confirmed recent seroconverters (n = 123 cases) were asked about stressful life events and behaviour during the likely period of infection (median 8, range 3-33 months). HIV-negative controls (n = 240) were asked about an equivalent time period. We used logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS Cases reported more stressful life events (median = 3, 33% 5 or more) than controls (median = 2, 20% 5 or more). Compared to men who reported no events, risk of HIV infection increased with the number of events, to a 2.5-fold increase in risk among men reporting 5 or more (95% CI 1.3, 4.7). The association weakened when adjusted for sexual risk behaviour (OR = 1.7, 95% CI 0.82, 3.6) and when restricted to men who engaged in unprotected receptive anal sex with an HIV-positive or status unknown partner (OR = 1.3, 95% CI 0.50, 3.6). CONCLUSIONS Gay and bisexual men experiencing stressful life events were at increased risk of HIV infection. This effect was mediated by sexual risk behaviour. We recommend that coping strategies in response to stress be considered in prevention research and health policy.
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Aiello AE, Simanek AM, Galea S. Population levels of psychological stress, herpesvirus reactivation and HIV. AIDS Behav 2010; 14:308-17. [PMID: 18264753 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-008-9358-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2007] [Accepted: 01/22/2008] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Nearly 40,000 Americans are newly infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) each year. Recently, studies have demonstrated associations between group-level characteristics and the prevalence and incidence of HIV/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and other sexually transmitted diseases. Two mechanisms previously posited to explain these associations are neighborhood effects on risk behaviors and social or institutional policies. In this paper, we hypothesize that adversity at the population level, such as neighborhood poverty, also influences HIV risk through stress-mediated aberrations in immunological susceptibility by reviewing existing data examining each of these pathways. In particular, we review the evidence showing that: (1) Neighborhood ecologic stressors influence neighborhood- and individual-levels of mental health, psychosocial stress, and HIV/AIDS risk, (2) Individual-level psychosocial stressors influence progression from HIV to AIDS through stress-related hormonal changes, and (3) Individual-level psychosocial stressors influence HIV acquisition via stress-related reactivation of latent herpesviruses, specifically EBV and HSV-2. Our review indicates that further studies are needed to examine the joint pathways linking neighborhood-level sources of psychosocial stress, stress-related reactivation of HSV-2 and EBV, and increased acquisition rates of HIV. We suggest using a multi-level framework for targeting HIV prevention efforts that address not only behavioral risk factors, but structural, political, and institutional factors associated with neighborhood disadvantage, levels of psychosocial stress, and prevention or treatment of HSV-2 and EBV.
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Souza Queiroz J, Torello CO, Palermo-Neto J, Valadares MC, Queiroz MLS. Hematopoietic response of rats exposed to the impact of an acute psychophysiological stressor on responsiveness to an in vivo challenge with Listeria monocytogenes: modulation by Chlorella vulgaris prophylactic treatment. Brain Behav Immun 2008; 22:1056-1065. [PMID: 18420376 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2008.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2007] [Revised: 02/27/2008] [Accepted: 03/09/2008] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the hematopoietic response of rats pretreated with CV and exposed to the impact of acute escapable, inescapable or psychogenical stress on responsiveness to an in vivo challenge with Listeria monocytogenes. No consistent changes were observed after exposure to escapable footshock. Conversely, the impact of uncontrollable stress (inescapable and psychogenical) was manifested by an early onset and increased severity and duration of myelossuppression produced by the infection. Small size CFU-GM colonies and increased numbers of clusters were observed, concurrently to a greater expansion in the more mature population of bone marrow granulocytes. No differences were observed between the responses of both uncontrollable stress regimens. CV prevented the myelossuppression caused by stress/infection due to increased numbers of CFU-GM in the bone marrow. Colonies of cells tightly packed, with a very condensed nucleus; in association with a greater expansion in the more immature population of bone marrow granulocytes were observed. Investigation of the production of colony-stimulating factors revealed increased colony-stimulating activity (CSA) in the serum of normal and infected/stressed rats treated with the algae. CV treatment restored/enhanced the changes produced by stress/infection in total and differential bone marrow and peripheral cells counts. Further studies demonstrated that INF-gamma is significantly reduced, whereas IL-10 is significantly increased after exposure to uncontrollable stress. Treatment with CV significantly increased INF-gamma levels and diminished the levels of IL-10. Uncontrollable stress reduced the protection afforded by CV to a lethal dose of L. monocytogenes, with survival rates being reduced from (50%) in infected rats to 20% in infected/stressed rats. All together, our results suggest Chlorella treatment as an effective tool for the prophylaxis of post-stress myelossupression, including the detrimental effect of stress on the course and outcome of infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Souza Queiroz
- Departamento de Farmacologia and Hemocentro, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), C.P. 6111, CEP 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Laboratório de Farmacologia Aplicada e Toxicologia, Escola de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Okuda Torello
- Departamento de Farmacologia and Hemocentro, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), C.P. 6111, CEP 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - João Palermo-Neto
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Aplicada e Toxicologia, Escola de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marize C Valadares
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Mary L S Queiroz
- Departamento de Farmacologia and Hemocentro, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), C.P. 6111, CEP 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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Ashcraft KA, Hunzeker J, Bonneau RH. Psychological stress impairs the local CD8+ T cell response to mucosal HSV-1 infection and allows for increased pathogenicity via a glucocorticoid receptor-mediated mechanism. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2008; 33:951-63. [PMID: 18657369 PMCID: PMC3721759 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2008.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2007] [Revised: 04/02/2008] [Accepted: 04/09/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Psychological stress and its associated increases in corticosterone are generally immunosuppressive and contribute to increased herpes simplex virus (HSV)-associated pathogenicity. However, the impact of stress on local control of the initial mucosal-based HSV infection has not been elucidated, nor have the ramifications of such failures of the immune response in terms of viral spread. To address these gaps in knowledge, the studies described herein sought to determine how psychological stress and associated increases in corticosterone may increase susceptibility to HSV encephalitis by allowing for increased viral titers at the site of initial infection. We have shown that in mice intranasally infected with HSV-1, a cell-mediated immune response occurs in the nasopharyngeal-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT), mediastinal lymph nodes (MLN), and superficial cervical lymph nodes (CLN). However, psychological stress induced by restraint decreased the number of lymphocytes in these tissues in HSV-infected mice. Surprisingly, the effects of this restraint stress on HSV-specific CTL function varied by immune tissue. Increased viral titers were found in the nasal cavity of stressed mice, an observation which correlated with an increased CD8+ cell response in the CLN. These findings led us to extend our studies to also determine the ramifications of decreased numbers of locally derived lymphocytes on viral titers following infection. Using an approach in which the NALT was surgically removed prior to infection, we confirmed that decreased numbers of NALT-derived lymphocytes at the time of infection allows for increased viral replication. We conclude that the increased viral titers observed in mice experiencing psychological stress are the consequence of a glucocorticoid-mediated reduction in the numbers of lymphocytes responsible for resolving the initial infection.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/physiology
- Cells, Cultured
- Corticosterone/physiology
- Down-Regulation/drug effects
- Down-Regulation/immunology
- Herpes Simplex/immunology
- Herpes Simplex/veterinary
- Herpesvirus 1, Human/immunology
- Herpesvirus 1, Human/pathogenicity
- Hormone Antagonists/pharmacology
- Immunity, Mucosal/immunology
- Immunity, Mucosal/physiology
- Lymphocyte Activation/immunology
- Lymphocytes/drug effects
- Lymphocytes/immunology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mifepristone/pharmacology
- Receptors, Glucocorticoid/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Glucocorticoid/physiology
- Stress, Psychological/immunology
- Stress, Psychological/physiopathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen A. Ashcraft
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, USA
| | - John Hunzeker
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, USA
| | - Robert H. Bonneau
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, USA
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Strauman TJ, Coe CL, McCrudden MC, Vieth AZ, Kwapil L. Individual differences in self-regulatory failure and menstrual dysfunction predict upper respiratory infection symptoms and antibody response to flu immunization. Brain Behav Immun 2008; 22:769-80. [PMID: 18294813 PMCID: PMC2464776 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2008.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2007] [Revised: 01/10/2008] [Accepted: 01/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Prior research indicates that cognitive priming manipulations that activate personal goals acutely increase or decrease natural killer cell cytotoxicity depending on whether individuals see themselves as making or failing to make progress toward their goals. Those findings in a laboratory setting revealed a psychobiological pathway whereby experiences of failure can influence health, but did not assess the impact of chronic perceived success/failure in goal pursuit on actual health outcomes. Three new studies investigated whether individual differences in perceived failure to attain personal goals influenced the self-reported symptoms of upper respiratory infections (URIs) as well as antibody response to flu immunization. Based on pilot data in young women, it also was hypothesized that the occurrence of menstrual dysfunction might interact with goal pursuit failure to more specifically predict cold and flu symptoms and optimal responses to vaccination. Perceived failure to attain goals did predict the reporting of URI symptoms as well as antibody levels post-immunization, both alone and in combination with menstrual dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Strauman
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Box 90086, 9 Flowers Drive, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
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