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Yuan J, Wang Y, Wang D, Yan H, Wang N. Loxenatide Alleviates High Glucose-Induced Pancreatic β-Cell Senescence via Regulating the PERK/eIF2α Pathway. Horm Metab Res 2024. [PMID: 39333044 DOI: 10.1055/a-2407-9360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2024]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are effective hypoglycemic agents for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It was reported that T2DM was implicated in pancreatic β-cell senescence. Whether loxenatide regulates cellular senescence of pancreatic β-cells is to be investigated. Our results revealed that high glucose (HG)-induced cellular senescence and elevated expression of SASP factors inhibited cell proliferation and stimulated DNA damage, which were reversed by loxenatide treatment. In addition, HG induction resulted in promoted insulin secretion and insulin synthesis of pancreatic β-cells and loxenatide treatment further strengthened these influences. In addition, loxenatide could inactivate the PERK/eIF2α signaling pathway via decreasing the levels of p-PERK and p-eIF2α in HG-induced pancreatic β-cells. Furthermore, CCT020312, an activator of the PERK/eIF2α signaling pathway, abolished loxenatide-mediated inhibiting cellular senescence, elevating cell proliferation and improving DNA damage and enhancing insulin secretion of HG-induced pancreatic β-cells. In conclusion, our results indicated that loxenatide impeded cellular senescence, promoted cell proliferation, improved DNA damage, enhanced insulin secretion and insulin synthesis of HG-induced pancreatic β-cells through modulating the PERK/eIF2α signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfang Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Handan City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yuzhong Wang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Handan City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Defeng Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Handan City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Han Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Handan City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Handan City, Hebei Province, China
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Yang C, Zhao M, Chen Y, Song J, Wang D, Zou M, Liu J, Wen W, Xu S. Dietary bitter ginger-derived zerumbone improved memory performance during aging through inhibition of the PERK/CHOP-dependent endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway. Food Funct 2024; 15:9070-9084. [PMID: 39078275 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00402g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
PERK/CHOP pathway-mediated excessive endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is closely linked to aging-related cognitive impairment (ARCD). Zerumbone (ZB), a naturally occurring sesquiterpene molecule obtained from dietary bitter ginger, has garnered significant interest due to its diverse range of biological properties. It is unclear, though, if ZB can reduce ARCD by preventing ER stress that is dependent on the PERK/CHOP pathway. Here, the PERK-CHOP ER stress pathway was the main focus of an evaluation of the effects and mechanisms of ZB for attenuating ARCD in D-galactose (D-gal)-induced aging mice and SH-SY5Y cells. According to our findings, ZB not only greatly decreased neuronal impairment both in vitro and in vivo, but also significantly alleviated learning and memory failure in vivo. ZB significantly reduced the activation of the PERK/CHOP pathway and neuronal apoptosis in vitro and in vivo, exhibiting the down-regulation of GRP78, p-PREK/PERK, and CHOP expression levels, in addition to suppressing oxidative damage (MDA drop and SOD rise). Comparable outcomes were noted in SH-SY5Y cells subjected to severe ER stress caused by TM. On the other hand, 4-PBA, an ER stress inhibitor, considerably reversed these modifications. Remarkably, CCT020312 (a PERK activator) dramatically overrode the inhibitory effects of ZB on the PERK/CHOP pathway and neuronal death in D-gal-induced SH-SY5Y cells. In contrast, GSK2606414 (a PERK inhibitor) significantly increased these effects of ZB. In summary, our results suggested that ZB prevented D-gal-induced cognitive deficits by blocking the PERK/CHOP-dependent ER stress pathway and apoptosis, suggesting that ZB might be a natural sesquiterpene molecule that relieves ARCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
- Institute of Materia Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Meihuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
- Institute of Materia Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
- Institute of Materia Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Juxian Song
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
- Institute of Materia Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Institute of Materia Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Mi Zou
- Institute of Materia Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Jingru Liu
- University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Wen Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
- Institute of Materia Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Shijun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
- Institute of Materia Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
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Yang X, Huang L, Zhang Y, Wang K, Liu S, Li X, Ding Y, Deng D, Zhang T, Zhao W, Ma L, Wang Y, Shu S, Chen X. Untargeted metabolomics and mendelian randomization analysis identify alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid as novel biomarkers of perioperative neurocognitive dysfunction. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:2198-2210. [PMID: 39163761 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Perioperative neurocognitive dysfunction (PND) occurs in elderly individuals undergoing anesthesia and surgery. To explore the potential molecular mechanisms, we performed right-sided cervical exploratory surgery under sevoflurane anesthesia in 18-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats. Anxiety-depression-like behaviors and learning memory abilities were assessed using the Open Field Test (OFT) and Novel Object Recognition (NOR). Additionally, the hippocampus was collected one day after surgery for inflammatory factor detection, TUNEL staining, and metabolomics analysis. Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were subsequently conducted to validate the causal relationships by using a series of GWAS datasets related to representative differential metabolites as exposures and cognitive impairment as endpoints. The results indicated that rats exposed to anesthesia and surgery exhibited poorer cognitive performance, significant elevations in hippocampal inflammatory factors such as IL-1β and TNF-α, and extensive neuronal apoptosis. LC-MS/MS-based untargeted metabolomics identified 19 up-regulated and 32 down-regulated metabolites in the test group, with 6 differential metabolites involved in metabolic pathways enriched according to the KEGG database. ROC analysis revealed a correlation between α-linolenic acid (ALA) and linoleic acid (LA) and the development of PND. Further MR analysis confirmed that ALA was significantly associated with cognitive performance and the risk of depression, while LA was significantly associated with the risk of memory loss. Taken together, our results identified ALA and LA as potentially powerful biomarkers for PND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Kaixin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Shiya Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Xiaojin Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Daling Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Tianhao Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Wenjing Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Lulin Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Yafeng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Shaofang Shu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Xiangdong Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China.
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Zhang N, Nao J, Zhang S, Dong X. Novel insights into the activating transcription factor 4 in Alzheimer's disease and associated aging-related diseases: Mechanisms and therapeutic implications. Front Neuroendocrinol 2024; 74:101144. [PMID: 38797197 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2024.101144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Ageing is inherent to all human beings, most mechanistic explanations of ageing results from the combined effects of various physiological and pathological processes. Additionally, aging pivotally contributes to several chronic diseases. Activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), a member of the ATF/cAMP response element-binding protein family, has recently emerged as a pivotal player owing to its indispensable role in the pathophysiological processes of Alzheimer's disease and aging-related diseases. Moreover, ATF4 is integral to numerous biological processes. Therefore, this article aims to comprehensively review relevant research on the role of ATF4 in the onset and progression of aging-related diseases, elucidating its potential mechanisms and therapeutic approaches. Our objective is to furnish scientific evidence for the early identification of risk factors in aging-related diseases and pave the way for new research directions for their treatment. By elucidating the signaling pathway network of ATF4 in aging-related diseases, we aspire to gain a profound understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms, offering novel strategies for addressing aging and developing related therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the Seventh Clinical College of China Medical University, No. 24 Central Street, Xinfu District, Fushun 113000, Liaoning, China.
| | - Jianfei Nao
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning, China.
| | - Shun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Dong
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning, China.
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Zhang X, Bao J, Zhang Y, Wang X. Alpha-Linolenic Acid Ameliorates Cognitive Impairment and Liver Damage Caused by Obesity. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2024; 17:981-995. [PMID: 38435630 PMCID: PMC10909331 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s434671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is a growing global problem that causes various complications such as diabetes, cognitive dysfunction, cardiovascular diseases, and hepatobiliary disease. Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) has been reported to exhibit multiple pharmaceutical effects. This study aimed to explore the effects of ALA on obesity-induced adipose tissue accumulation, cognitive impairment, inflammation, and colonic mucosal barrier integrity. Methods Mice were fed with high-fat diet (HFD) and were treated with ALA (60 or 100 mg/kg). Body weight, adipose tissue, serum glucose and lipid levels, glucose resistance, and insulin resistance were measured. Cognitive ability was analyzed using the behavior tests. PTP1B and IRS/p-AKT/p-GSK3β/p-Tau signaling were examined to evaluate inflammation and synaptogenesis. Colon mucosal barrier integrity was examined by Alcian blue staining and expression of the tight junction proteins. The production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and liver damages were evaluated. 3T3-L1 cells were used for in vitro experiments. Cell viability, migration and invasion were detected. The levels of ROS, iron, and ferrous ions were measured to assess ferroptosis. Metabolomic analysis of adipose tissues was performed. Results ALA treatment prevented HFD-induced adipose tissue accumulation, improved glucose and lipid homeostasis and metabolism. Administration of ALA repressed the HFD-induced increase in insulin levels and insulin resistance index. Serum and colon levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were decreased after ALA treatment. ALA elevated mitochondrial content in brown adipose tissues. ALA ameliorated obesity-induced cognitive impairment and hippocampal inflammation, enhanced colon mucosa integrity. ALA treatment ameliorated HFD-induced liver damage and lipid accumulation and inhibited differentiation of preadipocyte 3T3-L1 cells into mature adipocytes and induces ferroptosis. Metabolomic analysis suggested that ALA may target the glycerolipid metabolism pathway to ameliorate obesity. Knockdown of AGPAT2 abolished the protective effects of ALA. Conclusion ALA treatment suppressed adipose accumulation in adipocytes, improved cognitive ability and colon integrity, and alleviated liver damage by modulating the 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 2 (AGPAT2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jialu Bao
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, People’s Republic of China
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Xu J, Ni B, Ma C, Rong S, Gao H, Zhang L, Xiang X, Huang Q, Deng Q, Huang F. Docosahexaenoic acid enhances hippocampal insulin sensitivity to promote cognitive function of aged rats on a high-fat diet. J Adv Res 2023; 45:31-42. [PMID: 35618634 PMCID: PMC10006543 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2022.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diminished brain insulin sensitivity is associated with reduced cognitive function. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is known to maintain normal brain function. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine whether DHA impacts hippocampal insulin sensitivity and cognitive function in aged rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD). METHODS Eight-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (n = 50 each). Rats in the aged group, HFD group, and DHA treatment group received standard diet (10 kcal% fat), HFD (45 kcal% fat), and DHA-enriched HFD (45 kcal% fat, 1% DHA, W/W) for 10 months, respectively. Four-month-old female rats (n = 40) that received a standard diet served as young controls. Neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, amyloid formation, and tau phosphorylation in the hippocampus, as well as systemic glucose homeostasis and cognitive function, were tested. RESULTS DHA treatment relieved a block in the insulin signaling pathway and consequently protected aged rats against HFD-induced hippocampal insulin resistance. The beneficial effects were explained by a DHA-induced decrease in systemic glucose homeostasis dysregulation, hippocampal neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. In addition, DHA treatment broke the reciprocal cycle of hippocampal insulin resistance, Aβ burden, and tau hyperphosphorylation. Importantly, treatment of model rats with DHA significantly increased their cognitive capacity, as evidenced by their increased hippocampal-dependent learning and memory, restored neuron morphology, enhanced cholinergic activity, and activated cyclic AMP-response element-binding protein. CONCLUSION DHA improves cognitive function by enhancing hippocampal insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiqu Xu
- Department of Nutriology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan 430062, P.R. China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan 430062, P.R. China
| | - Ben Ni
- Department of Nutriology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan 430062, P.R. China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan 430062, P.R. China
| | - Congcong Ma
- Department of Nutriology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan 430062, P.R. China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan 430062, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Rong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, P.R. China
| | - Hui Gao
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese & Western Medicine, No. 11, Lingjiaohu Road, Wuhan 430015, P.R. China
| | - Xia Xiang
- Department of Nutriology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan 430062, P.R. China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan 430062, P.R. China
| | - Qingde Huang
- Department of Nutriology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan 430062, P.R. China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan 430062, P.R. China
| | - Qianchun Deng
- Department of Nutriology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan 430062, P.R. China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan 430062, P.R. China
| | - Fenghong Huang
- Department of Nutriology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan 430062, P.R. China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan 430062, P.R. China.
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Choi JE, Hong Y, Heo J, Park Y. N-3 PUFA ameliorated bone loss induced by postmenopausal depression following exposure to chronic mild stress and maternal separation by regulating neuronal processes. J Nutr Biochem 2021; 100:108909. [PMID: 34801691 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Depression induced by chronic mild stress (CMS) reduced bone mass in ovariectomized (OVX) rats, and maternal separation (MS) during early life aggravated depression-induced bone mass destruction. N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) have been shown to improve bone mass and depression, but the bone-protecting effects of n-3 PUFA were unclear in CMS+MS-induced depression models. The purpose of this study was to determine whether n-3 PUFA improved CMS+MS-induced postmenopausal bone loss via its antidepressant-like action. Rats were fed diets containing 0% of total energy intake (en %) of n-3 PUFA during lifetime or 1 en % n-3 PUFA during pre-weaning or post-weaning periods, or their entire lifetimes and were allocated to CMS or CMS+MS groups after OVX. Lifetime supply of n-3 PUFA enhanced bone mass and microarchitecture, and expression of runt-related transcription factor 2, while decreasing blood levels of amino-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type 1 collagen and the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa Β ligand/osteoprotegerin, activating transcription factor 4, and adrenergic receptor β2. Lifetime supply of n-3 PUFA decreased levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone and corticosterone and the expression of corticotropin-releasing factor in the brain but increased expression of the glucocorticoid receptor, serotonin-2C receptor, cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), and calmodulin kinase IV and serotonin levels. Supply of n-3 PUFA during the pre-and post-weaning periods had beneficial effects on the brain but not on the bones. Lifetime supply of n-3 PUFA ameliorated bone loss induced by chronic stress by regulating hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity and serotonin-CREB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Eun Choi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yuni Hong
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Juhee Heo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yongsoon Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, Korea.
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Yuan Q, Xie F, Huang W, Hu M, Yan Q, Chen Z, Zheng Y, Liu L. The review of alpha-linolenic acid: Sources, metabolism, and pharmacology. Phytother Res 2021; 36:164-188. [PMID: 34553434 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
α-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3) is a carboxylic acid composed of 18 carbon atoms and three cis double bonds, and is an essential fatty acid indispensable to the human body. This study aims to systematically review related studies on the dietary sources, metabolism, and pharmacological effects of ALA. Information on ALA was collected from the internet database PubMed, Elsevier, ResearchGate, Web of Science, Wiley Online Library, and Europe PMC using a combination of keywords including "pharmacology," "metabolism," "sources." The following findings are mainly contained. (a) ALA can only be ingested from food and then converted into eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid in the body. (b) This conversion process is relatively limited and affected by many factors such as dose, gender, and disease. (c) Pharmacological research shows that ALA has the anti-metabolic syndrome, anticancer, antiinflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-obesity, neuroprotection, and regulation of the intestinal flora properties. (d) There are the most studies that prove ALA has anti-metabolic syndrome effects, including experimental studies and clinical trials. (e) The therapeutic effect of ALA will be affected by the dosage. In short, ALA is expected to treat many diseases, but further high quality studies are needed to firmly establish the clinical efficacy of ALA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianghua Yuan
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fan Xie
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Hanyuan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yaan, China
| | - Mei Hu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qilu Yan
- Hanyuan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yaan, China
| | - Zemou Chen
- Hanyuan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yaan, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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9
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Wei G, Zhang Z, Fu D, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Zu Y, Zhang L, Zhang Z. Enzyme-assisted Solvent Extraction of High-yield Paeonia suffruticosa Andr. Seed Oil and Fatty Acid Composition and Anti-Alzheimer's Disease Activity. J Oleo Sci 2021; 70:1133-1146. [PMID: 34248097 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess21040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzyme-assisted solvent extraction (EASE) of Paeonia suffruticosa Andr. seed oil (PSO) was optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). The fatty acid composition and anti-Alzheimer's disease (AD) activity of PSO were analyzed. An enzyme mixture composed of cellulase and hemicellulase (1:1, w/w) was most effective in determining the extraction yield of PSO. The ideal extraction conditions were a pH value of 5.1, an enzymolysis time of 68 min, and a temperature of 50℃. The average extraction yield of PSO was 38.2 mL/100 g, 37.4% higher than that of untreated peony seed (27.8 mL/100 g). The fatty acid composition of PSO under optimal conditions for EASE was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The predominant unsaturated fatty acids of PSO were determined to be more than 90.00%, including n-3 α-linolenic acid (43.33%), n-6 linoleic acid (23.40%) and oleic acid (23.59%). In this experiment, the anti-AD effect of PSO was also analyzed by performing learning and memory ability tests with Drosophila. PSO retarded the decrease in climbing ability in AD Drosophila. The 1% and 5% PSO groups were significantly different from the model group (b p < 0.05). The smell short-term memory ability test revealed the number of Drosophila in barrier and barrier-free centrifuge tubes in each group. PSO feeding improved learning and memory in AD Drosophila, with the highest number entering the barrierfree centrifuge tube. The performance index (PI) measured by the Pavlov olfactory avoidance conditioning test also demonstrated the effect of PSO on the learning and memory abilities of Drosophila. The PI of the PSO group was significantly increased compared to that of the model group. HE-stained brain tissue sections of AD Drosophila showed higher neurodegenerative changes, while PSO significantly reduced neurodegenerative damage. These results indicated that PSO can significantly improve the cognitive function of AD Drosophila and may help to prevent AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wei
- Department of School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University
| | | | - Dongmei Fu
- College of chemistry, chemical engineering and resource utilization, Northeast Forestry University
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- College of chemistry, chemical engineering and resource utilization, Northeast Forestry University
| | - Weipeng Zhang
- College of chemistry, chemical engineering and resource utilization, Northeast Forestry University
| | - Yuangang Zu
- College of chemistry, chemical engineering and resource utilization, Northeast Forestry University
| | - Lin Zhang
- College of chemistry, chemical engineering and resource utilization, Northeast Forestry University
| | - Zhi Zhang
- Department of School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University
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10
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Moradi Majd R, Mayeli M, Rahmani F. Pathogenesis and promising therapeutics of Alzheimer disease through eIF2α pathway and correspondent kinases. Metab Brain Dis 2020; 35:1241-1250. [PMID: 32681467 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-020-00600-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2α) pathway is overactivated in Alzheimer disease and is probably associated with synaptic and memory deficiencies. EIF2α protein is principally in charge of the regulation of protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells. Four kinases responsible for eIF2α phosphorylation at ser-51 are: General control non-derepressible-2 kinase (GCN2), double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase (PKR), PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), and heme-regulated inhibitor kinase (HRI) are the four kinases. They lead to reduced levels of general translation and paradoxical increase of stress-responsive mRNAs expression including the B-secretase (BACE1) and the transcriptional modulator activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), which in turn accelerates the beta-amyloidogenesis, tau phosphorylation, proapoptotic pathway induction and autophagy elements formation leading to the main pathological hallmarks of AD. Findings suggest that genetic or pharmacological inhibition of correspondent kinases can restore memory and prevent neurodegeneration. This implies that inhibition of eIF2α phosphorylation through respondent kinases is indeed a feasible prospect of clinical application. This review discusses recent therapeutic approaches targeting eIF2α pathway and provides an overview of the links between correspondent kinases overactivation with neurodegeneration in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Moradi Majd
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mahsa Mayeli
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | - Farzaneh Rahmani
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
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11
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Chen Y, Li YQ, Fang JY, Li P, Li F. Establishment of the concurrent experimental model of osteoporosis combined with Alzheimer's disease in rat and the dual-effects of echinacoside and acteoside from Cistanche tubulosa. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 257:112834. [PMID: 32278031 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cistanche tubulosa is a precious traditional Chinese medicine that has been widely used in the treatment of osteoporosis and Alzheimer's disease. Echinacoside and acteoside are the main active constituents in Cistanche tubulosa that have the pharmacological activities with research value. It has been reported that echinacoside and acteoside could improve the learning and memory ability, promote the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblast. AIM OF STUDY Echinacoside and acteoside from Cistanche tubulosa have shown significant activities of anti-osteoporosis and anti-Alzheimer's disease, while these effects have not been studied concurrently in a rat model. The aim of this study was to establish and verify the model of osteoporosis combined with Alzheimer's disease in rat, and to investigate the double effects of echinacoside and acteoside on this concurrent model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three model groups of ovariectomy (OVX), sham surgery with D-galactose and AlCl3 (D), ovariectomy with D-galactose and AlCl3 (OVX + D) were set at the same time. The rats in drug treatment groups were ovariectomized. While conducting the intraperitoneal injection of D-galactose and intragastric administration of AlCl3 in the rats of drug treatment groups, the rats were orally administered echinacoside (90 mg/kg/d), acteoside (90 mg/kg/d) and the positive control drugs of estradiol valerate (0.6 mg/kg/d), donepezil HCl (0.8 mg/kg/d), respectively. After the drug treatment of 8 weeks, Morris Water Maze (MWM) test for 6 days was firstly performed. The rats were then sacrificed to harvest the blood, uteri, femora, tibiae and brain tissues. The serum was used for biochemical tests. The uteri were used for histomorphometry. The right femora were used for Micro-CT and histomorphometry, respectively. The right tibiae were used for biomechanical test. The hippocampus collected on ice box was used for biochemical tests. The brain collected by perfusion was used for histomorphometry. RESULTS Compared with Sham group, OVX + D group could significantly reduce the learning and memory ability by causing oxidative damage, impairing neurons in hippocampus and affecting the hydrolysis and synthesis of acetylcholine. Meanwhile, the activities of BALP and TRAP in OVX + D group increased significantly (P < 0.001) as compared to Sham group. In addition, compared with Sham group, the mean bone mineral density obviously decreased (P < 0.05), the trabecular bone mass and microarchitecture were also destroyed significantly in OVX + D group. Furthermore, the maximum load and maximum stress significantly reduced (P < 0.01) and the energy absorption also decreased greatly as compared to Sham group. After administrated with echinacoside and acteoside, the typical pathological features of osteoporosis and Alzheimer's disease were ameliorated. CONCLUSIONS The model of osteoporosis combined with Alzheimer's disease in rat was feasible and successfully established. Echinacoside and acteoside also showed some significant effects on this concurrent model, and they could be potential candidates from Cistanche tubulosa with double effects for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ying-Qi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jia-Yi Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China.
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12
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Han Y, Deng X, Zhang Y, Wang X, Zhu X, Mei S, Chen A. Antidepressant-like effect of flaxseed in rats exposed to chronic unpredictable stress. Brain Behav 2020; 10:e01626. [PMID: 32307916 PMCID: PMC7303375 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Depression is a serious mental illness. However, a significant proportion of patients with depression fail to achieve remission with antidepressant therapies. This study was conducted to explore the antidepressant-like effect of flaxseed oil and flour in an animal model with depression-like behaviors induced by chronic unpredictable stress (CUS). METHODS Rats were randomly divided into five groups: normal control (Sham-Sham), CUS plus saline (S-SN), CUS plus escitalopram (S-Esc), CUS plus flaxseeds oil (S-FO), and CUS plus flaxseed flour (S-FF). Behaviors were tested using sucrose preference test and forced swimming test. The serum BDNF concentration, hippocampal BDNF mRNA, and protein expression were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, real-time PCR, and Western blot, respectively. RESULTS The sucrose preference rate was significantly higher in S-FO and S-FF rats than in S-SN and S-Esc rats (p < .01), and lower in S-Esc rats than in Sham-Sham rats (p < .01). The immobility time was significantly shorter in S-FO and S-FF rats than in S-SN rats (p < .01), and shorter in S-Esc rats than in S-SN rats (p < .01). Plasma BDNF concentrations were significantly lower in S-FO, S-FF, and S-Esc rats than in Sham-Sham rats (p < .01); BDNF was lower in S-FO, S-FF, and S-SN rats than in S-Esc rats. The hippocampal BDNF protein expression was significantly higher in S-Esc rats than in S-SN rats (p < .05). The hippocampal BDNF mRNA expression was significantly higher in S-Esc rats than in S-SN rats (p < .01). The BDNF gene expression in plasma and the hippocampus negatively correlated with the immobility time (p < .05), but BDNF gene expression in the hippocampus positively correlated with the sucrose preference rate (p < .05). CONCLUSION Flaxseed oil and flaxseed flour exert antidepressant-like effect in rats exposed to chronic stress. Flaxseed may have a therapeutic effect on depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Han
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Deng
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Stem-Fiber Biomass and Engineering Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiongzhao Zhu
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shiyong Mei
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Stem-Fiber Biomass and Engineering Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Anguo Chen
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Stem-Fiber Biomass and Engineering Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, Hunan, China
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13
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Xu J, Gao H, Zhang L, Rong S, Yang W, Ma C, Chen M, Huang Q, Deng Q, Huang F. Melatonin alleviates cognition impairment by antagonizing brain insulin resistance in aged rats fed a high-fat diet. J Pineal Res 2019; 67:e12584. [PMID: 31050371 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Brain insulin resistance, induced by neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, contributes to neurodegeneration, that is, processes that are associated with Aβ accumulation and TAU hyperphosphorylation. Here, we tested the effect of chronic administration of melatonin (MLT) on brain insulin resistance and cognition deficits caused by a high-fat diet (HFD) in aged rats. Results showed that MLT supplementation attenuated peripheral insulin resistance and lowered hippocampal oxidative stress levels. Activated microglia and astrocytes and hippocampal levels of TNF-α in HFD-fed rats were reduced by MLT treatment. Melatonin also prevented HFD-induced increases in beta-amyloid (Aβ) accumulation and TAU phosphorylation in the hippocampus. In addition, impairments of brain insulin signaling elicited by long-term HFD were restored by MLT treatment, as confirmed by ex vivo insulin stimulation. Importantly, MLT reversed HFD-induced cognitive decline as measured by a water maze test, normalized hippocampal LTP and restored CREB activity and BDNF levels as well as cholinergic neuronal activity in the hippocampus. Collectively, these findings indicate that MLT may exhibit substantial protective effects on cognition, via restoration of brain insulin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiqu Xu
- Department of Nutriology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Gao
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese & Western Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuang Rong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Congcong Ma
- Department of Nutriology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Meng Chen
- Department of Nutriology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingde Huang
- Department of Nutriology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Qianchun Deng
- Department of Nutriology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Fenghong Huang
- Department of Nutriology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
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14
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Ettcheto M, Cano A, Busquets O, Manzine PR, Sánchez-López E, Castro-Torres RD, Beas-Zarate C, Verdaguer E, García ML, Olloquequi J, Auladell C, Folch J, Camins A. A metabolic perspective of late onset Alzheimer's disease. Pharmacol Res 2019; 145:104255. [PMID: 31075308 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
After decades of research, the molecular neuropathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is still one of the hot topics in biomedical sciences. Some studies suggest that soluble amyloid β (Aβ) oligomers act as causative agents in the development of AD and could be initiators of its complex neurodegenerative cascade. On the other hand, there is also evidence pointing to Aβ oligomers as mere aggravators, with an arguable role in the origin of the disease. In this line of research, the relative contribution of soluble Aβ oligomers to neuronal damage associated with metabolic disorders such as Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and obesity is being actively investigated. Some authors have proposed the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the induction of the unfolded protein response (UPR) as important mechanisms leading to an increase in Aβ production and the activation of neuroinflammatory processes. Following this line of thought, these mechanisms could also cause cognitive impairment. The present review summarizes the current understanding on the neuropathological role of Aβ associated with metabolic alterations induced by an obesogenic high fat diet (HFD) intake. It is believed that the combination of these two elements has a synergic effect, leading to the impairement of ER and mitochondrial functions, glial reactivity status alteration and inhibition of insulin receptor (IR) signalling. All these metabolic alterations would favour neuronal malfunction and, eventually, neuronal death by apoptosis, hence causing cognitive impairment and laying the foundations for late-onset AD (LOAD). Moreover, since drugs enhancing the activation of cerebral insulin pathway can constitute a suitable strategy for the prevention of AD, we also discuss the scope of therapeutic approaches such as intranasal administration of insulin in clinical trials with AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miren Ettcheto
- Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Amanda Cano
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain; Unitat de Farmàcia, Tecnologia Farmacèutica i Fisico-química, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oriol Busquets
- Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Regina Manzine
- Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain; Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Elena Sánchez-López
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain; Unitat de Farmàcia, Tecnologia Farmacèutica i Fisico-química, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rubén D Castro-Torres
- Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain; Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Laboratorio de Regeneración y Desarrollo Neural, Instituto de Neurobiología, Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, CUCBA, Mexico
| | - Carlos Beas-Zarate
- Laboratorio de Regeneración y Desarrollo Neural, Instituto de Neurobiología, Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, CUCBA, Mexico
| | - Ester Verdaguer
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain; Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Luisa García
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain; Unitat de Farmàcia, Tecnologia Farmacèutica i Fisico-química, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Olloquequi
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile
| | - Carme Auladell
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain; Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Folch
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Antoni Camins
- Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.
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15
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Yang J, He Y, Zou J, Xu L, Fan F, Ge Z. Effect of Polygonum Multiflorum Thunb on liver fatty acid content in aging mice induced by D-galactose. Lipids Health Dis 2019; 18:128. [PMID: 31153380 PMCID: PMC6545222 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-019-1055-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Polygonum Multiflorum Thunb(PMT) has multiple biological effects, such as anti-inflammatory, lipid-lowering, anti-aging and so on. Therefore, D-galactose-induced aging mice were used to study the effect of PMT on fatty acid metabolism and its underlying mechanism. Methods C57BL/6 male mice were randomly divided into normal group, aging model group, PMT intragastrical administration group (high, Medium, low); model group and PMT intragastrical administration group Daily intraperitoneal injection D-galactose 800 mg·ml− 1·Kg− 1 to establish subacute aging model; PMT intragastrical administration group at the same time to intragastrical PMT extract (1 g·ml− 1·Kg− 1, 0.6 g·ml− 1·Kg− 1, 0.3 g·ml− 1·Kg− 1), normal group injection and intragastrical equivalent saline for 60 consecutive days. By detecting the oxidation index of liver to judge the efficacy of PMT, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was used to quantitatively analyze the fatty acid content in liver. Results Finally, we found that PMT improved the enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in aging mice, and reduce the enzyme activity of malondialdehyde (MDA), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). The content of fatty acids such as C18:1, C18:2, C18:3 N3, C20:2 and C20:3 N3 decreased significantly in senescent mice (P < 0.05) as evidenced by GC-MS analysis, whereas, these fatty acids increased significantly after treatment of PMT (P < 0.05). Conclusion PMT improves the content of liver fatty acids in aging mice induced by D-galactose through, enhancing the activity of anti-oxidant enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangquan Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Yuqi He
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Jiayi Zou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Fang Fan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Zhenglong Ge
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China.
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16
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Nie S, Tan Y, Zhang Z, Chen G, Xiong J, Hu D, Ye K, Zhang Y, Cao X, Chen L, Zhang Z. Bilateral Implantation of Shear Stress Modifier in ApoE Knockout Mouse Induces Cognitive Impairment and Tau Abnormalities. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:303. [PMID: 30337867 PMCID: PMC6180189 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) encompasses all causes of cerebrovascular disease that lead to cognitive decline, or overt dementia, atherosclerotic disease being the most common contributor. However, few rodent models that mimic the pathology of VCI replicated the clinical cerebrovascular atherosclerosis. Here we aimed to investigate the mechanism underlying VCI in an Apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE-KO) mouse model fed with western style food with implantation of bilateral shear stress modifiers. We established a cognitive decline in spatial learning and memory developed in the bilateral modifier treated mice. Brain imaging and pathological examinations demonstrated reduced glucose intake and neuronal loss in hippocampus. Although no amyloid plaques or neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) were observed, tau pathology including hyperphosphorylation, paired helical filament formation and pathologic truncation were found at considerable higher extent in the bilateral modifier group 8 weeks post the procedure. In addition, gliosis and microglia activation were confirmed in corpus callosum (CC) and ventral striatum. Thus, this ApoE-KO mouse model faithfully replicates the stenosis of common carotid artery (CCA) and cognitive impairment following atherosclerotic deposition and global cerebral hypoperfusion. The close correlation of cognitive decline and tau pathology indicates the toxic tau species could be at least partially responsible for the neurodegenerative changes induced by the chronic hypoxia/ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuke Nie
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Yang Tan
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhentao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guiqin Chen
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Xiong
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dan Hu
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Keqiang Ye
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Yunjian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuebing Cao
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liam Chen
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Zhaohui Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Chia Seed Does Not Improve Cognitive Impairment in SAMP8 Mice Fed with High Fat Diet. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10081084. [PMID: 30110883 PMCID: PMC6115970 DOI: 10.3390/nu10081084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Chia seed is an ancient seed with the richest plant source of α-linolenic acid, which has been demonstrated to improve metabolic syndrome associated risk factors. Under high fat diet (HFD) condition, the senescence-accelerated mouse-prone 8 (SAMP8) mice demonstrated worsen Alzheimer’s disease (AD) related pathology compared to low fat diet fed SAMP8 mice. Objective: To explore whether chia seed supplementation might improve cognitive impairment under aging and metabolic stress via high fat diet (HFD) fed SAMP8 mice as a model. Design: SAMP8 mice and senescence-accelerated mouse-resistant 1 (SAMR1) were randomized into 4 groups, i.e., SAMR1 low fat diet group (SAMR1-LFD), SAMP8-HFD and SAMP8-HFD group supplemented with 10% chia seed (SAMP8-HFD+Chia). At the end of the intervention, cognitive function was measured via Morris water maze (MWM) test. Hippocampus and parietal cortex were dissected for further analysis to measure key markers involved AD pathology including Aβ, tau and neuro-inflammation. Results: During navigation trials of MWM test, mice in SAMP8-LFD group demonstrated impaired learning ability compared to SAMR1-LFD group, and chia seed had no effect on learning and memory ability for HFD fed SAMP8 mice. As for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) related pathology, chia seed not only increased α-secretase such as ADAM10 and insulin degrading enzyme (IDE), but also increased β-secretase including beta-secretase 1 (BACE1) and cathepsin B, with an overall effects of elevation in the hippocampal Aβ42 level; chia seed slightly reduced p-Tauser404 in the hippocampus; while an elevation in neuro-inflammation with the activation of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and Ibα-1 were observed post chia seed supplementation. Conclusions: Chia seed supplementation did not improve cognitive impairment via MWM in HFD fed SAMP8 mice. This might be associated with that chia seed increased key enzymes involved both in non-amyloidogenic and amyloidogenic pathways, and neuro-inflammation. Future studies are necessary to confirm our present study.
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Yang D, Li S, Gao L, Lv Z, Bing Q, Lv Q, Zheng X, Li R, Zhang Z. Dietary grape seed procyanidin extract protects against lead-induced heart injury in rats involving endoplasmic reticulum stress inhibition and AKT activation. J Nutr Biochem 2018; 62:43-49. [PMID: 30245182 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the protective role of grape seed procyanidin extract (GSPE) against lead-induced heart injury and the possible molecular mechanism associated with this event, Wistar rats were orally given GSPE (200 mg/kg) daily with or without lead acetate (PbA) (0.5 g/L) in drinking water for 56 d. GSPE attenuated oxidative stress, heart dysfunction, and lead accumulation in lead-exposed rat hearts. Meanwhile, GSPE inhibited the protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum (ER) kinase/eukaryotic initiation factor 2α signaling pathway, and promoted protein kinase B (AKT) and glycogen synthase kinase 3β phosphorylation altered by lead, and regulated lead-activated apoptosis and its related signaling pathway. This study suggests that dietary GSPE ameliorates lead-induced heart injury associated with ER stress inhibition and AKT activation. Dietary GSPE may be a protector against lead-induced heart injury and a novel therapy for lead exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daqian Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Siyu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Li Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zhanjun Lv
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Qizheng Bing
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Qingjie Lv
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ruobing Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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Mechanisms of the active components from Korean pine nut preventing and treating d-galactose-induced aging rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 103:680-690. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.04.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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20
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Fan R, Schrott LM, Arnold T, Snelling S, Rao M, Graham D, Cornelius A, Korneeva NL. Chronic oxycodone induces axonal degeneration in rat brain. BMC Neurosci 2018; 19:15. [PMID: 29571287 PMCID: PMC5865283 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-018-0417-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic opioid therapy for non-malignant pain conditions has significantly increased over the last 15 years. Recently, the correlation between opioid analgesics and alternations in brain structure, such as leukoencephalopathy, axon demyelination, and white matter lesions, has been demonstrated in patients with a history of long-term use of prescription opioids. The exact mechanisms underlying the neurotoxic effect of opioids on the central nervous system are still not fully understood. We investigated the effect of chronic opioids using an animal model in which female rats were orally gavaged with 15 mg/kg of oxycodone every 24 h for 30 days. In addition we tested oxycodone, morphine and DAMGO in breast adenocarcinoma MCF7 cells, which are known to express the μ-opioid receptor. RESULTS We observed several changes in the white matter of animals treated with oxycodone: deformation of axonal tracks, reduction in size of axonal fascicles, loss of myelin basic protein and accumulation of amyloid precursor protein beta (β-APP), suggesting axonal damages by chronic oxycodone. Moreover, we demonstrated activation of pro-apoptotic machinery amid suppression of anti-apoptotic signaling in axonal tracks that correlated with activation of biomarkers of the integrated stress response (ISR) in these structures after oxycodone exposure. Using MCF7 cells, we observed induction of the ISR and pro-apoptotic signaling after opioid treatment. We showed that the ISR inhibitor, ISRIB, suppresses opioid-induced Bax and CHOP expression in MCF7 cells. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, our data suggest that chronic opioid administration may cause neuronal degeneration by activation of the integrated stress response leading to induction of apoptotic signaling in neurons and also by promoting demyelination in CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruping Fan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, USA
| | - Lisa M. Schrott
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Neuroscience, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, USA
| | - Thomas Arnold
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, USA
| | - Stephen Snelling
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, USA
| | - Meghana Rao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, USA
| | - Derrel Graham
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, USA
| | - Angela Cornelius
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, USA
| | - Nadejda L. Korneeva
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Neuroscience, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, USA
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Wen L, Xiao B, Shi Y, Han F. PERK signalling pathway mediates single prolonged stress-induced dysfunction of medial prefrontal cortex neurons. Apoptosis 2018; 22:753-768. [PMID: 28391375 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-017-1371-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterized with abnormal learning and memory. Impairments in learning and memory are closely associated with apoptosis in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). We previously examined the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was involved in the apoptosis in the mPFC of PTSD. The PERK pathway plays the important role in the ER stress-induced apoptosis. The aim of the present study was to explore the role of PERK pathway in neuronal apoptosis in the mPFC of rat models of PTSD. We used the single prolonged stress (SPS) to mimic PTSD in rats and studied the effects of the PERK pathway in mPFC. Learning and memory behavior were examined by Morris water maze and novel object recognition tests. Apoptosis in mPFC was detected by TUNEL staining. Our results showed decreased learning memory and increased apoptosis of mPFC neurons in rats exposed to SPS. SPS exposure upregulate mRNA expressions of PERK, p-PERK, eIF2α, p-eIF2α, nuclear ATF4 and C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP) in mPFC neurons, but the protein levels of these molecules showed difference in magnitude and time course. GSK2606414 (an antagonist of PERK) treatment successfully reversed the above changes. These results suggested that the PERK pathway mediated SPS-induced neural apoptosis in the mPFC. These findings will be helpful in understanding mPFC-related pathogenesis of PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Wen
- PTSD Lab, Department of Histo-Embryology, Basic Medical Sciences College, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Bing Xiao
- PTSD Lab, Department of Histo-Embryology, Basic Medical Sciences College, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuxiu Shi
- PTSD Lab, Department of Histo-Embryology, Basic Medical Sciences College, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Fang Han
- PTSD Lab, Department of Histo-Embryology, Basic Medical Sciences College, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China.
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22
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Gorji N, Moeini R, Memariani Z. Almond, hazelnut and walnut, three nuts for neuroprotection in Alzheimer's disease: A neuropharmacological review of their bioactive constituents. Pharmacol Res 2017; 129:115-127. [PMID: 29208493 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
An increase in the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) as a multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder is an almost obvious issue in the world. Researches on natural products for finding effective drugs to prevent the disease are in progress. There is special attention to the three types of nuts including almond, hazelnut and walnut in manuscripts of traditional Persian medicine (PM) as the preventive agents against brainatrophy and memory loss. The purpose of this study is a pharmacological review of their bioactive constituents and introducing the value of these nuts as the effective supplements and natural medicinal foods in AD patients. Databases including PubMed and ScienceDirect were searched in title, abstract and keywords from year 2000 to present for AD-related researches on these tree nuts, their major phytochemicals and their mechanisms of action. As result, almond, hazelnut and walnut provide macronutrients, micronutrients, and phytochemicals which affect several pathways in AD pathogenesis such as amyloidogenesis, tau phosphorylation, oxidative stress, cholinergic pathways, and some non-target mechanisms including cholesterol lowering and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as effect on neurogenesis. These nuts are recommended in PM for their brain-protective activity and particularly reversing brain atrophy in case of hazelnut. The therapeutical statements of PM scholars mentioned in their books are based on their clinical observations with support of a long history of experiences. Beyond the molecular activities attributed to the phytochemicals, the use of these tree nuts could be more considered in scientific researches as the effective nutrients for prevention or even management of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narjes Gorji
- Traditional Medicine & Medical History Research Center, Health Research Center, Department of Persian Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Reihaneh Moeini
- Traditional Medicine & Medical History Research Center, Health Research Center, Department of Persian Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Zahra Memariani
- Traditional Medicine & Medical History Research Center, Health Research Center, Department of Persian Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Islamic Republic of Iran.
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23
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PERK as a hub of multiple pathogenic pathways leading to memory deficits and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease. Brain Res Bull 2017; 141:72-78. [PMID: 28804008 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Cell signaling in response to an array of diverse stress stimuli converges on the phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor-2α (eIF2α). In the brain, eIF2α is a hub for controlling learning and memory function and for maintaining neuronal integrity in health and disease. Among four eIF2α kinases, PERK is emerging as a key regulator for memory impairments and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Genetic and pharmacological manipulations of PERK-eIF2α signaling have revealed that the overactivation of this pathway is not a mere consequence of the neurodegenerative process but play critical roles in AD pathogenesis and the occurrence of memory deficits. This review provides an overview of recent progress in animal model studies, which demonstrate that dysregulated PERK accounts for memory deficits and neurodegeneration not only as a detrimental mediator downstream of β-amyloidosis and tauopathy but also as an important determinant upstream of both pathogenic mechanisms in AD. A therapeutic perspective is also discussed, in which interventions targeting the PERK-eIF2α pathway are expected to provide multiple beneficial outcomes in AD, including enhanced mnemonic function, neuroprotection and disease modification.
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24
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Rajaram S, Valls-Pedret C, Cofán M, Sabaté J, Serra-Mir M, Pérez-Heras AM, Arechiga A, Casaroli-Marano RP, Alforja S, Sala-Vila A, Doménech M, Roth I, Freitas-Simoes TM, Calvo C, López-Illamola A, Haddad E, Bitok E, Kazzi N, Huey L, Fan J, Ros E. The Walnuts and Healthy Aging Study (WAHA): Protocol for a Nutritional Intervention Trial with Walnuts on Brain Aging. Front Aging Neurosci 2017; 8:333. [PMID: 28119602 PMCID: PMC5222811 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2016.00333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: An unwanted consequence of population aging is the growing number of elderly at risk of neurodegenerative disorders, including dementia and macular degeneration. As nutritional and behavioral changes can delay disease progression, we designed the Walnuts and Healthy Aging (WAHA) study, a two-center, randomized, 2-year clinical trial conducted in free-living, cognitively healthy elderly men and women. Our interest in exploring the role of walnuts in maintaining cognitive and retinal health is based on extensive evidence supporting their cardio-protective and vascular health effects, which are linked to bioactive components, such as n-3 fatty acids and polyphenols. Methods: The primary aim of WAHA is to examine the effects of ingesting walnuts daily for 2 years on cognitive function and retinal health, assessed with a battery of neuropsychological tests and optical coherence tomography, respectively. All participants followed their habitual diet, adding walnuts at 15% of energy (≈30-60 g/day) (walnut group) or abstaining from walnuts (control group). Secondary outcomes include changes in adiposity, blood pressure, and serum and urinary biomarkers in all participants and brain magnetic resonance imaging in a subset. Results: From May 2012 to May 2014, 708 participants (mean age 69 years, 68% women) were randomized. The study ended in May 2016 with a 90% retention rate. Discussion: The results of WAHA might provide high-level evidence of the benefit of regular walnut consumption in delaying the onset of age-related cognitive impairment and retinal pathology. The findings should translate into public health policy and sound recommendations to the general population (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01634841).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujatha Rajaram
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda CA, USA
| | - Cinta Valls-Pedret
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i SunyerBarcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid, Spain
| | - Montserrat Cofán
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i SunyerBarcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid, Spain
| | - Joan Sabaté
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda CA, USA
| | - Mercè Serra-Mir
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i SunyerBarcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid, Spain
| | - Ana M Pérez-Heras
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i SunyerBarcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid, Spain
| | - Adam Arechiga
- Department of Psychology, School of Behavioral Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda CA, USA
| | - Ricardo P Casaroli-Marano
- Ophthalmology Service, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer Barcelona, Spain
| | - Socorro Alforja
- Ophthalmology Service, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aleix Sala-Vila
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i SunyerBarcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Doménech
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i SunyerBarcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid, Spain
| | - Irene Roth
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i SunyerBarcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid, Spain
| | - Tania M Freitas-Simoes
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Calvo
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i SunyerBarcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid, Spain
| | - Anna López-Illamola
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i SunyerBarcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid, Spain
| | - Ella Haddad
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda CA, USA
| | - Edward Bitok
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda CA, USA
| | - Natalie Kazzi
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda CA, USA
| | - Lynnley Huey
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda CA, USA
| | - Joseph Fan
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda CA, USA
| | - Emilio Ros
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i SunyerBarcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid, Spain
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25
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Wen L, Han F, Shi Y, Li X. Role of the Endoplasmic Reticulum Pathway in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Model Rats. J Mol Neurosci 2016; 59:471-82. [PMID: 27112439 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-016-0755-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies revealed that patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have a smaller than normal medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and PTSD rats [single prolonged stress, (SPS)] have an increased mPFC neuron apoptosis, which are related to the severity of PTSD symptoms. Three signalling pathways [protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), and inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1)] in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) play a critical role in resisting apoptosis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the three branches of ER signalling are involved in SPS-induced mPFC neuron apoptosis. We used transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to detect morphological changes in ER and fluorescence spectrophotometry to detect the concentration of intracellular calcium in mPFC. We used molecular biological techniques to detect the expression levels of three branch signalling pathways of ER: phosphorylated PERK (p-PERK)/phosphorylated eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A (p-eIF2a), ATF6a/X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1), and IRE1a. In addition, the ER molecular chaperone 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) and the ER-related apoptosis factors caspase family and Bax also were examined. Apoptosis neurons were detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling. The results showed that the concentration of calcium in mPFC was increased in SPS rats. Using TEM, we found that mPFC neurons in SPS rats showed an expanded ER and chromatin margination. The increased expressions of p-PERK/p-eIF2a, ATF6a/XBP1, and IRE1 in response to SPS were also observed, although the degrees of increase were different. In addition, the protein and mRNA expression of GRP78 was increased in SPS rats; the upregulation of ER-related apoptosis factors and apoptosis neurons after SPS stimulation was observed. These results suggested that the three signalling pathways of unfolded protein response were involved in PTSD-induced, ER-dependent apoptosis in mPFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Wen
- PTSD Lab, Department of histology and embryology, Basic Medicine College, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning province, China, 110122
| | - Fang Han
- PTSD Lab, Department of histology and embryology, Basic Medicine College, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning province, China, 110122.
| | - Yuxiu Shi
- PTSD Lab, Department of histology and embryology, Basic Medicine College, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning province, China, 110122
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- PTSD Lab, Department of histology and embryology, Basic Medicine College, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning province, China, 110122
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