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Lee HY, Song SY, Hwang J, Baek A, Baek D, Kim SH, Park JH, Choi S, Pyo S, Cho SR. Very early environmental enrichment protects against apoptosis and improves functional recovery from hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 15:1019173. [PMID: 36824441 PMCID: PMC9942523 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1019173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Appropriate rehabilitation of stroke patients at a very early phase results in favorable outcomes. However, the optimal strategy for very early rehabilitation is at present unclear due to the limited knowledge on the effects of very early initiation of rehabilitation based on voluntary exercise (VE). Environmental enrichment (EE) is a therapeutic paradigm for laboratory animals that involves complex combinations of physical, cognitive, and social stimuli, as well as VE. Few studies delineated the effect of EE on apoptosis in very early stroke in an experimental model. Although a minimal benefit of early rehabilitation in stroke models has been claimed in previous studies, these were based on a forced exercise paradigm. The aim of this study is to determine whether very early exposure to EE can effectively regulate Fas/FasL-mediated apoptosis following hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury and improve neurobehavioral function. C57Bl/6 mice were housed for 2 weeks in either cages with EE or standard cages (SC) 3 h or 72 h after HI brain injury. Very early exposure to EE was associated with greater improvement in motor function and cognitive ability, reduced volume of the infarcted area, decreased mitochondria-mediated apoptosis, and decreased oxidative stress. Very early exposure to EE significantly downregulated Fas/FasL-mediated apoptosis, decreased expression of Fas, Fas-associated death domain, cleaved caspase-8/caspase-8, cleaved caspase-3/caspase-3, as well as Bax and Bcl-2, in the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus. Delayed exposure to EE, on the other hand, failed to inhibit the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis. This study demonstrates that very early exposure to EE is a potentially useful therapeutic translation for stroke rehabilitation through effective inhibition of the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoo Young Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea,National Traffic Injury Rehabilitation Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea,Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Young Song
- Graduate Program of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Hwang
- Graduate Program of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea,Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahreum Baek
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dawoon Baek
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hoon Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hyun Park
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Rehabilitation Institute of Neuromuscular Disease, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungchul Choi
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soonil Pyo
- Neuracle Science Co. Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Rae Cho
- Graduate Program of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea,Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea,Rehabilitation Institute of Neuromuscular Disease, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea,*Correspondence: Sung-Rae Cho, ✉
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Wang L, Long M, Wang M, Peng S, Chen G, Zhou J, Ou C. Trigeminal neuralgia causes neurodegeneration in rats associated with upregulation of the CD95/CD95L pathway. Mol Pain 2021; 16:1744806920908092. [PMID: 32013712 PMCID: PMC7054737 DOI: 10.1177/1744806920908092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To explore the effects of trigeminal neuralgia on neurodegeneration
in rats and the underlining mechanism. Methods Sixty adult male Sprague Dawley rats were divided randomly into
Chronic Constriction Injury of the Rat’s Infraorbital Nerve
(ION-CCI) group and sham group (n = 30). Right
suborbital nerve was ligated in ION-CCI group to establish a
trigeminal neuralgia model. In sham group, suborbital nerve was
exposed without ligation. Pain thresholds were measured before
surgery and 1, 7, 15, and 30 days after surgery
(n = 10). Morris water maze tests
(n = 10) were conducted at 1, 15, and
30 days after surgery to evaluate the changes in learning and
memory ability of rats. At 5, 19, and 34 days after surgery,
serum S100β protein concentration and hippocampal Aβ1-42 protein
expression were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay;
total tau protein expression was detected by Western blotting;
changes of neurons in hippocampus were observed by Nissl
staining; and the expression of ser404p-tau, cluster
of differentiation (CD)95, CD95L, and cleaved caspase-3 proteins
was detected by immunofluorescence and Western blotting. Results Hyperalgesia occurred in ION-CCI group, and mechanical pain
threshold decreased significantly
(P < 0.05). On the 15th and 30th days after
surgery, ION-CCI group showed lower learning and memory ability
than sham group (P < 0.05). Serum S100β
protein concentration, hippocampal A β1-42, and
ser404p-tau protein expression increased in the
ION-CCI group 19 and 34 days after surgery
(P < 0.05), hippocampal CD95 expression
increased in the ION-CCI group after surgery
(P < 0.05), hippocampal CD95L expression
increased at 19 and 34 days after surgery
(P < 0.05), and cleaved caspase-3 expression
increased at 5 and 19 days after surgery
(P < 0.05). Nissl bodies in ION-CCI group
decreased significantly at 15 days after surgery. The expression
of cleaved caspase-3 protein in ION-CCI group was positively
correlated with the expression of CD95 and CD95L
(P < 0.05). Conclusions Trigeminal neuralgia may lead to neuronal inflammation and neuronal
apoptosis associated with upregulation of CD95/CD95L expression,
thus causing neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P.R. China.,Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P.R. China
| | - Menghong Long
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P.R. China.,Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P.R. China
| | - Maohua Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shuangchun Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P.R. China.,Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P.R. China
| | - Guangxiang Chen
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P.R. China
| | - Cehua Ou
- Pain Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P.R. China
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Immune-neuroendocrine and metabolic disorders in human and experimental T. cruzi infection: New clues for understanding Chagas disease pathology. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1866:165642. [PMID: 31866417 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.165642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Studies in mice undergoing acute Trypanosoma cruzi infection and patients with Chagas disease, led to identify several immune-neuroendocrine disturbances and metabolic disorders. Here, we review relevant findings concerning such abnormalities and discuss their possible influence on disease physiopathology.
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Liu Y, Fan D. Ginsenoside Rg5 induces apoptosis and autophagy via the inhibition of the PI3K/Akt pathway against breast cancer in a mouse model. Food Funct 2019; 9:5513-5527. [PMID: 30207362 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01122b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and has become the main cause of cancer-related death among women worldwide. Traditional chemotherapy for breast cancer has serious side effects for patients, such as the first-line drug docetaxel. Ginsenoside Rg5, a rare ginsenoside and the main ingredient extracted from fine black ginseng, has been proved to have anti-breast cancer efficacy in vitro. Here, the in vivo anti-breast cancer efficacy, side effects and potential molecular mechanisms of Rg5 were investigated on a BALB/c nude mouse model of human breast cancer. The tumor growth inhibition rate of high dose Rg5 (20 mg kg-1) was 71.4 ± 9.4%, similar to that of the positive control docetaxel (72.0 ± 9.1%). Compared to docetaxel, Rg5 showed fewer side effects in the treatment of breast cancer. Treatment with Rg5 induced apoptosis and autophagy in breast cancer tissues. Rg5 was proved to induce caspase-dependent apoptosis via the activation of the extrinsic death receptor and intrinsic mitochondrial signaling pathways. The autophagy induction was related to the formation of an autophagosome and accumulation of LC3BII, P62 and critical Atg proteins. Further studies showed that Rg5 in a dose-dependent manner induced apoptosis and autophagy through the inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway as indicated by the reduced phosphorylation level of PI3K and Akt. Taken together, Rg5 could be a novel and promising clinical antitumor drug targeting breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannan Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China.
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da Silva Oliveira Barbosa E, Roggero EA, González FB, Fernández RDV, Carvalho VF, Bottasso OA, Pérez AR, Villar SR. Evidence in Favor of an Alternative Glucocorticoid Synthesis Pathway During Acute Experimental Chagas Disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:866. [PMID: 31998227 PMCID: PMC6961479 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well-established that infectious stress activates the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis leading to the production of pituitary adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) and adrenal glucocorticoids (GCs). Usually, GC synthesis is mediated by protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathway triggered by ACTH. We previously demonstrated that acute murine Chagas disease courses with a marked increase of GC, with some data suggesting that GC synthesis may be ACTH-dissociated in the late phase of this parasitic infection. Alternative pathways of GC synthesis have been reported in sepsis or mental diseases, in which interleukin (IL)-1β, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and/or cAMP-activated guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 (EPAC2) are likely to play a role in this regard. Accordingly, we have searched for the existence of an ACTH-independent pathway in an experimental model of a major parasitic disease like Chagas disease, in addition to characterizing potential alternative pathways of GC synthesis. To this end, C57BL/6 male mice were infected with T. cruzi (Tc), and evaluated throughout the acute phase for several parameters, including the kinetic of GC and ACTH release, the adrenal level of MC2R (ACTH receptor) expression, the p-PKA/PKA ratio as ACTH-dependent mechanism of signal transduction, as well as adrenal expression of IL-1β and its receptor, EPAC2 and PGE2 synthase. Our results reveal the existence of two phases involved in GC synthesis during Tc infection in mice, an initial one dealing with the well-known ACTH-dependent pathway, followed by a further ACTH-hyporesponsive phase. Furthermore, inflamed adrenal microenvironment may tune the production of intracellular mediators that also operate upon GC synthesis, like PGE2 synthase and EPAC2, as emerging driving forces for GC production in the advanced course of Tc infection. In essence, GC production seems to be associated with a biphasic action of PGE2, suggesting that the effect of PGE2/cAMP in the ACTH-independent second phase may be mediated by EPAC2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eduardo A. Roggero
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Immunology of Rosario (IDICER-CONICET-UNR), Rosario, Argentina
| | - Florencia B. González
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Immunology of Rosario (IDICER-CONICET-UNR), Rosario, Argentina
| | - Rocío del Valle Fernández
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Immunology of Rosario (IDICER-CONICET-UNR), Rosario, Argentina
| | - Vinicius Frias Carvalho
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation (INCT-NIM), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Oscar A. Bottasso
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Immunology of Rosario (IDICER-CONICET-UNR), Rosario, Argentina
| | - Ana R. Pérez
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Immunology of Rosario (IDICER-CONICET-UNR), Rosario, Argentina
- Center for Research and Production of Biological Reagents (CIPREB), Faculty of Medical Sciences, National University of Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Silvina R. Villar
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Immunology of Rosario (IDICER-CONICET-UNR), Rosario, Argentina
- Center for Research and Production of Biological Reagents (CIPREB), Faculty of Medical Sciences, National University of Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
- *Correspondence: Silvina R. Villar ;
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Zhang S, Guo J, Liang M, Qi J, Wang Z, Jian X, Zhang Z, Sun B, Li Z. miR-196a Promotes Proliferation and Inhibits Apoptosis of Immature Porcine Sertoli Cells. DNA Cell Biol 2019; 38:41-48. [DOI: 10.1089/dna.2018.4387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shaoxuan Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
- Branch of Animal Husbandry, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science, Gongzhuling, Jilin, China
| | - Jia Guo
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Mengdi Liang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Jiajia Qi
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Zhenbo Wang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Xinrui Jian
- Branch of Animal Husbandry, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science, Gongzhuling, Jilin, China
| | - Zhibin Zhang
- Branch of Animal Husbandry, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science, Gongzhuling, Jilin, China
| | - Boxing Sun
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Zhaohua Li
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
- Branch of Animal Husbandry, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science, Gongzhuling, Jilin, China
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Therapeutic effects of vaccine derived from amastigote surface protein-2 (ASP-2) against Chagas disease in mouse liver. Cytokine 2018; 113:285-290. [PMID: 30037707 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the efficacy of the vaccine in liver of mice infected with the Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi) and immunized with AdASP-2. For this purpose, histopathological analysis and gene expression of COX-2, TNF-alpha, TNFR, iNOS, cytochrome C, caspase-3, TLR4, IL-6 and IL10 were evaluated. The following groups were used in this study: Group 1 - Control Group (CTRL) animals received AdβGal vehicle; Group 2 - Infected Group (TC) animals were infected with T. cruzi; Group 3 - Immunized Group (AdASP-2): animals were immunized by AdASP-2 vaccine; Group 4 - Immunized and Infected Group (AdASP-2+TC) animals were infected with T. cruzi and immunized by AdSP-2 vaccine. A significant decrease of amastigote nests was noticed in the group of animals that were immunized with AdASP-2 and infected on the same day. COX-2 and TNF-alpha gene expressions increased in TC group, whereas TNF-alpha decreased in the TC+AdASP-2 group. TNFR expression was high in AdASP-2+TC group. iNOS expression was high for all experimental groups whereas cytochrome C decreased for all experimental groups. Caspase 3 increased in TC and TC+AdASP-2 groups. The gene expression of TLR4 and IL-10 showed an increase in AdASP-2+TC group. Finally, hepatic fibrosis was noticed to TC and AdASP-2 + TC groups. Taken together, our results demonstrated that vaccination with AdASP-2 was effective against the acute phase of experimental Chagas disease as a result of a more powerful and rapid immune response closely related to expression of some inflammatory genes, such as iNOS, TNF-alpha, TLR 4, and IL-10.
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Yang Y, Fang X, Yang R, Yu H, Jiang P, Sun B, Zhao Z. MiR-152 Regulates Apoptosis and Triglyceride Production in MECs via Targeting ACAA2 and HSD17B12 Genes. Sci Rep 2018; 8:417. [PMID: 29323178 PMCID: PMC5765104 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18804-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammary epithelial cells (MECs) affect milk production capacity during lactation and are critical for the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Our previous studies have revealed that the expression of miR-152 was increased significantly in MECs of cows with high milk production. In the present study, bioinformatics analysis identified ACAA2 and HSD17B12 as the potential targets of miR-152, which were further validated by dual-luciferase repoter assay. In addition, the expressions of miR-152 was shown to be negatively correlated with levels of mRNA and protein of ACAA2, HSD17B12 genes by qPCR and western bot analysis. Furthermore, transfection with miR-152 significantly up-regulated triglyceride production, promoted proliferation and inhibited apoptosis in MECs. Furthermore, overexpression of ACAA2 and HSD17B12 could inhibit triglyceride production, cells proliferation and induce apoptosis; but sh234-ACAA2-181/sh234-HSD17B12-474 could reverse the trend. These findings suggested that miR-152 could significantly influence triglyceride production and suppress apoptosis, possibly via the expression of target genes ACAA2 and HSD17B12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Yang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Xi An Road 5333, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, P.R. China
| | - Xibi Fang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Xi An Road 5333, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, P.R. China
| | - Runjun Yang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Xi An Road 5333, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, P.R. China
| | - Haibin Yu
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Xi An Road 5333, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, P.R. China
| | - Ping Jiang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Xi An Road 5333, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, P.R. China
| | - Boxing Sun
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Xi An Road 5333, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, P.R. China.
| | - Zhihui Zhao
- Agricultural College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
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