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da Silva Rodrigues F, Jantsch J, de Farias Fraga G, Luiza de Camargo Milczarski V, Silva Dias V, Scheid C, de Oliveira Merib J, Giovernardi M, Padilha Guedes R. Cannabidiol improves maternal obesity-induced behavioral, neuroinflammatory and neurochemical dysfunctions in the juvenile offspring. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 119:301-316. [PMID: 38608740 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Maternal obesity is associated with an increased risk of psychiatric disorders such as anxiety, depression, schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder in the offspring. While numerous studies focus on preventive measures targeting the mothers, only a limited number provide practical approaches for addressing the damages once they are already established. We have recently demonstrated the interplay between maternal obesity and treatment with cannabidiol (CBD) on hypothalamic inflammation and metabolic disturbances, however, little is known about this relationship on behavioral manifestations and neurochemical imbalances in other brain regions. Therefore, here we tested whether CBD treatment could mitigate anxiety-like and social behavioral alterations, as well as neurochemical disruptions in both male and female offspring of obese dams. Female Wistar rats were fed a cafeteria diet for 12 weeks prior to mating, and during gestation and lactation. Offspring received CBD (50 mg/kg) from weaning for 3 weeks. Behavioral tests assessed anxiety-like manifestations and social behavior, while neuroinflammatory and neurochemical markers were evaluated in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus. CBD treatment attenuated maternal obesity-induced anxiety-like and social behavioral alterations, followed by rescuing effects on imbalanced neurotransmitter and endocannabinoid concentrations and altered expression of glial markers, CB1, oxytocin and dopamine receptors, with important differences between sexes. Overall, the findings of this study provide insight into the signaling pathways for the therapeutic benefits of CBD on neuroinflammation and neurochemical imbalances caused by perinatal maternal obesity in the PFC and the hippocampus, which translates into the behavioral manifestations, highlighting the sexual dimorphism encompassing both the transgenerational effect of obesity and the endocannabinoid system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda da Silva Rodrigues
- Graduate Program in Biosciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), 90050-170, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jeferson Jantsch
- Graduate Program in Biosciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), 90050-170, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Gabriel de Farias Fraga
- Graduate Program in Biosciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), 90050-170, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Vitória Luiza de Camargo Milczarski
- Undergraduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), 90050-170, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Victor Silva Dias
- Undergraduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), 90050-170, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Camila Scheid
- Graduate Program in Biosciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), 90050-170, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Josias de Oliveira Merib
- Graduate Program in Biosciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), 90050-170, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marcia Giovernardi
- Graduate Program in Biosciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), 90050-170, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, 90050-170 Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Renata Padilha Guedes
- Graduate Program in Biosciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), 90050-170, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, 90050-170 Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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Horner D, Jepsen JRM, Chawes B, Aagaard K, Rosenberg JB, Mohammadzadeh P, Sevelsted A, Følsgaard N, Vinding R, Fagerlund B, Pantelis C, Bilenberg N, Pedersen CET, Eliasen A, Chen Y, Prince N, Chu SH, Kelly RS, Lasky-Su J, Halldorsson TI, Strøm M, Strandberg-Larsen K, Olsen SF, Glenthøj BY, Bønnelykke K, Ebdrup BH, Stokholm J, Rasmussen MA. A Western Dietary Pattern during Pregnancy is Associated with Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Childhood and Adolescence. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.03.07.24303907. [PMID: 38496582 PMCID: PMC10942528 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.07.24303907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Despite the high prevalence of neurodevelopmental disorders, there is a notable gap in clinical studies exploring the impact of maternal diet during pregnancy on child neurodevelopment. This observational clinical study examined the association between pregnancy dietary patterns and neurodevelopmental disorders, as well as their symptoms, in a prospective cohort of 10-year-old children (n=508). Data-driven dietary patterns were derived from self-reported food frequency questionnaires. A Western dietary pattern in pregnancy (per SD change) was significantly associated with attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (OR 1.66 [1.21 - 2.27], p=0.002) and autism diagnosis (OR 2.22 [1.33 - 3.74], p=0.002) and associated symptoms (p<0.001). Findings for ADHD were validated in three large (n=59725, n=656, n=348), independent mother-child cohorts. Objective blood metabolome modelling at 24 weeks gestation identified 15 causally mediating metabolites which significantly improved ADHD prediction in external validation. Temporal analyses across five blood metabolome timepoints in two independent mother-child cohorts revealed that the association of Western dietary pattern metabolite scores with neurodevelopmental outcomes was consistently significant in early to mid-pregnancy, independent of later child timepoints. These findings underscore the importance of early intervention and provide robust evidence for targeted prenatal dietary interventions to prevent neurodevelopmental disorders in children.
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Nelson BN, Friedman JE. Developmental Programming of the Fetal Immune System by Maternal Western-Style Diet: Mechanisms and Implications for Disease Pathways in the Offspring. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5951. [PMID: 38892139 PMCID: PMC11172957 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Maternal obesity and over/undernutrition can have a long-lasting impact on offspring health during critical periods in the first 1000 days of life. Children born to mothers with obesity have reduced immune responses to stimuli which increase susceptibility to infections. Recently, maternal western-style diets (WSDs), high in fat and simple sugars, have been associated with skewing neonatal immune cell development, and recent evidence suggests that dysregulation of innate immunity in early life has long-term consequences on metabolic diseases and behavioral disorders in later life. Several factors contribute to abnormal innate immune tolerance or trained immunity, including changes in gut microbiota, metabolites, and epigenetic modifications. Critical knowledge gaps remain regarding the mechanisms whereby these factors impact fetal and postnatal immune cell development, especially in precursor stem cells in bone marrow and fetal liver. Components of the maternal microbiota that are transferred from mothers consuming a WSD to their offspring are understudied and identifying cause and effect on neonatal innate and adaptive immune development needs to be refined. Tools including single-cell RNA-sequencing, epigenetic analysis, and spatial location of specific immune cells in liver and bone marrow are critical for understanding immune system programming. Considering the vital role immune function plays in offspring health, it will be important to understand how maternal diets can control developmental programming of innate and adaptive immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin N. Nelson
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA;
| | - Jacob E. Friedman
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA;
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Diabetes and Endocrinology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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Hung LY, Margolis KG. Autism spectrum disorders and the gastrointestinal tract: insights into mechanisms and clinical relevance. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 21:142-163. [PMID: 38114585 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-023-00857-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are recognized as central neurodevelopmental disorders diagnosed by impairments in social interactions, communication and repetitive behaviours. The recognition of ASD as a central nervous system (CNS)-mediated neurobehavioural disorder has led most of the research in ASD to be focused on the CNS. However, gastrointestinal function is also likely to be affected owing to the neural mechanistic nature of ASD and the nervous system in the gastrointestinal tract (enteric nervous system). Thus, it is unsurprising that gastrointestinal disorders, particularly constipation, diarrhoea and abdominal pain, are highly comorbid in individuals with ASD. Gastrointestinal problems have also been repeatedly associated with increased severity of the core symptoms diagnostic of ASD and other centrally mediated comorbid conditions, including psychiatric issues, irritability, rigid-compulsive behaviours and aggression. Despite the high prevalence of gastrointestinal dysfunction in ASD and its associated behavioural comorbidities, the specific links between these two conditions have not been clearly delineated, and current data linking ASD to gastrointestinal dysfunction have not been extensively reviewed. This Review outlines the established and emerging clinical and preclinical evidence that emphasizes the gut as a novel mechanistic and potential therapeutic target for individuals with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Y Hung
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kara Gross Margolis
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine and Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine and Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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Papadakis S, Thompson JR, Feczko E, Miranda-Dominguez O, Dunn GA, Selby M, Mitchell AJ, Sullivan EL, Fair DA. Perinatal Western-style diet exposure associated with decreased microglial counts throughout the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus in Japanese macaques. J Neurophysiol 2024; 131:241-260. [PMID: 38197176 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00213.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Perinatal exposure to a high-fat, high-sugar Western-style diet (WSD) is associated with altered neural circuitry in the melanocortin system. This association may have an underlying inflammatory component, as consumption of a WSD during pregnancy can lead to an elevated inflammatory environment. Our group previously demonstrated that prenatal WSD exposure was associated with increased markers of inflammation in the placenta and fetal hypothalamus in Japanese macaques. In this follow-up study, we sought to determine whether this heightened inflammatory state persisted into the postnatal period, as prenatal exposure to inflammation has been shown to reprogram offspring immune function and long-term neuroinflammation would present a potential means for prolonged disruptions to microglia-mediated neuronal circuit formation. Neuroinflammation was approximated in 1-yr-old offspring by counting resident microglia and peripherally derived macrophages in the region of the hypothalamus examined in the fetal study, the arcuate nucleus (ARC). Microglia and macrophages were immunofluorescently stained with their shared marker, ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1), and quantified in 11 regions along the rostral-caudal axis of the ARC. A mixed-effects model revealed main effects of perinatal diet (P = 0.011) and spatial location (P = 0.003) on Iba1-stained cell count. Perinatal WSD exposure was associated with a slight decrease in the number of Iba1-stained cells, and cells were more densely located in the center of the ARC. These findings suggest that the heightened inflammatory state experienced in utero does not persist postnatally. This inflammatory response trajectory could have important implications for understanding how neurodevelopmental disorders progress.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Prenatal Western-style diet exposure is associated with increased microglial activity in utero. However, we found a potentially neuroprotective reduction in microglia count during early postnatal development. This trajectory could inform the timing of disruptions to microglia-mediated neuronal circuit formation. Additionally, this is the first study in juvenile macaques to characterize the distribution of microglia along the rostral-caudal axis of the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus. Nearby neuronal populations may be greater targets during inflammatory insults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Papadakis
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - Jacqueline R Thompson
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States
| | - Eric Feczko
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
| | - Oscar Miranda-Dominguez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
| | - Geoffrey A Dunn
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, United States
| | - Matthew Selby
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, United States
| | - A J Mitchell
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States
| | - Elinor L Sullivan
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States
| | - Damien A Fair
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
- Institute of Child Development, College of Education and Human Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
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Shao J, Mu Z, Xia Y, Xiong Z, Song X, Yang Y, Zhang H, Ai L, Wang G. bsh1 Gene of Lactobacillus plantarum AR113 Plays an Important Role in Ameliorating Western Diet-Aggravated Colitis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:9337-9348. [PMID: 37288995 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Western diet is thought to increase susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and probiotics are a potential therapeutic agent for IBD. This study revealed the effects of Lactobacillus plantarum AR113 and L. plantarum AR113Δbsh1 on a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model under the Western diet (WD). After four weeks of WD and low-sugar and low-fat diet (LD) intervention, induction with 3% DSS, and intragastric administration of probiotics, we found that L. plantarum AR113 could regulate blood glucose and lipid levels and have a certain protective effect on hepatocytes. Our results suggested that the L. plantarum AR113 alleviated DSS-induced colitis under the Western diet by improving dyslipidemia, repairing intestinal barrier dysfunction, and inhibiting the TLR4/Myd88/TRAF-6/NF-κB inflammatory pathway. However, these changes were not demonstrated in the L. plantarum AR113Δbsh1, and therefore, we reasoned that the presence of bsh1 may play a crucial role in the L. plantarum AR113 exerting its anti-inflammatory function. The relationship between bile salt hydrolase (BSH) and colitis was worthy of further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlin Shao
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Zhiyong Mu
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Yongjun Xia
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Zhiqiang Xiong
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Xin Song
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Yijin Yang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Lianzhong Ai
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Guangqiang Wang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, Shanghai 200093, China
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