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Zhou Z, Liu X, Zhang X, Wen S, Hua H, Wang Z, Xu Z, Lu Y, Wang F. Impact of Early Natural Killer Cell Reconstitution on the Outcomes of T Cell-Replete Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:2993-3008. [PMID: 37489148 PMCID: PMC10363384 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s416708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Early immune reconstitution is crucial to successful outcomes after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). However, in T cell-replete HSCT, the impact of natural killer (NK) cells on transplantation outcome and the factors influencing early NK cell reconstitution remain unclear. Methods In this retrospective study, we analyzed 128 patients with hematological malignancies who received the first T cell-replete allo-HSCT between May 2019 and September 2021. After application of a conditioning regimen, prophylaxis for graft versus host disease (GVHD), and engraftment, the patients received prevention and treatment procedures for cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation. NK cells, T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes in peripheral blood were collected and analyzed at 30, 60, 90, 135 and 180 days after transplantation to observe immune cell reconstitution. Overall survival (OS), relapse-free survival (RFS), minimal residual disease (MRD), relapse, and non-relapse mortality (NRM) were evaluated. SPSS 25.0 and R version 4.2.1 were used for statistical analysis. Results In patients with rapid NK recovery (NK cell count at 30 days post-HSCT [NK30] >165/μL and 60 days post-HSCT [NK60] >265/μL), we observed lower rates of NRM, CMV reactivation and acute GVHD (aGVHD). Multivariate analysis indicated that a lower NK30 (≤165/μL) was an independent factor associated with inferior OS and RFS. The NK30 and NK60 in patients with CMV reactivation and aGVHD after transplantation were significantly lower than those in patients without these complications. In addition, CD107a expression in NK cells was also significantly lower in patients who experienced aGVHD. Correlation analysis did not find an inhibitory effect of T-lymphocyte subset reconstitution on NK cells in the early stage after transplantation. Conclusion Rapid NK cell reconstitution early after allo-HSCT had protective effects on NRM and survival. Promoting early NK cell reconstitution represents a new approach to improving the outcomes of allo-HSCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Zhou
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Hematology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei050000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Hematology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei050000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuejun Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Hematology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei050000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shupeng Wen
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Hematology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei050000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huan Hua
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Hematology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei050000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenzhen Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Hematology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei050000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Hematology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei050000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Lu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Hematology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei050000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fuxu Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Hematology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei050000, People’s Republic of China
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Mushtaq MU, Shahzad M, Shah AY, Chaudhary SG, Zafar MU, Anwar I, Neupane K, Khalid A, Ahmed N, Bansal R, Balusu R, Singh AK, Abhyankar SH, Callander NS, Hematti P, McGuirk JP. Impact of natural killer cells on outcomes after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1005031. [PMID: 36263054 PMCID: PMC9574024 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1005031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Natural killer (NK) cells play a vital role in early immune reconstitution following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Methods A literature search was performed on PubMed, Cochrane, and Clinical trials.gov through April 20, 2022. We included 21 studies reporting data on the impact of NK cells on outcomes after HSCT. Data was extracted following the PRISMA guidelines. Pooled analysis was done using the meta-package (Schwarzer et al.). Proportions with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed. Results We included 1785 patients from 21 studies investigating the impact of NK cell reconstitution post-HSCT (8 studies/1455 patients), stem cell graft NK cell content (4 studies/185 patients), therapeutic NK cell infusions post-HSCT (5 studies/74 patients), and pre-emptive/prophylactic NK cell infusions post-HSCT (4 studies/77 patients). Higher NK cell reconstitution was associated with a better 2-year overall survival (OS) (high: 77%, 95%CI 0.73-0.82 vs low: 55%, 95%CI 0.37-0.72; n=899), however, pooled analysis for relapse rate (RR) or graft versus host disease (GVHD) could not be performed due to insufficient data. Higher graft NK cell content demonstrated a trend towards a better pooled OS (high: 65.2%, 95%CI 0.47-0.81 vs low: 46.5%, 95%CI 0.24-0.70; n=157), lower RR (high: 16.9%, 95%CI 0.10-0.25 vs low: 33%, 95%CI 0.04-0.72; n=157), and lower acute GVHD incidence (high: 27.6%, 95%CI 0.20-0.36 vs low: 49.7%, 95%CI 0.26-0.74; n=157). Therapeutic NK or cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cell infusions for hematologic relapse post-HSCT reported an overall response rate (ORR) and complete response (CR) of 48.9% and 11% with CIK cell infusions and 82.8% and 44.8% with NK cell infusions, respectively. RR, acute GVHD, and chronic GVHD were observed in 55.6% and 51.7%, 34.5% and 20%, and 20.7% and 11.1% of patients with CIK and NK cell infusions, respectively. Pre-emptive donor-derived NK cell infusions to prevent relapse post-HSCT had promising outcomes with 1-year OS of 69%, CR rate of 42%, ORR of 77%, RR of 28%, and acute and chronic GVHD rates of 24.9% and 3.7%, respectively. Conclusion NK cells have a favorable impact on outcomes after HSCT. The optimal use of NK cell infusions post-HSCT may be in a pre-emptive fashion to prevent disease relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umair Mushtaq
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies & Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
- *Correspondence: Muhammad Umair Mushtaq,
| | - Moazzam Shahzad
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies & Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
- Moffitt Cancer Center, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Amna Y. Shah
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies & Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Sibgha Gull Chaudhary
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies & Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Muhammad U. Zafar
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies & Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Iqra Anwar
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies & Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Karun Neupane
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies & Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Ayesha Khalid
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies & Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Nausheen Ahmed
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies & Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Rajat Bansal
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies & Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Ramesh Balusu
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies & Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Anurag K. Singh
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies & Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Sunil H. Abhyankar
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies & Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Natalie S. Callander
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Peiman Hematti
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Joseph P. McGuirk
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies & Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
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Zhao F, Shi Y, Chen X, Zhang R, Pang A, Zhai W, Yang D, He Y, Feng S, Zhang P, Jiang E, Han M. Higher Dose of CD34+ cells Promotes Early Reconstitution of Natural Killer Cells and Is Associated with Better Outcomes After Unmanipulated Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Myeloid Malignancies. Transplant Cell Ther 2022; 28:589.e1-589.e10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtct.2022.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Fan ZY, Han TT, Zuo W, Zhao XS, Chang YJ, Lv M, Mo XD, Sun YQ, Zhang YY, Wang Y, Xu LP, Zhang XH, Liu KY, Huang XJ, Zhao XY. CMV infection combined with acute GVHD associated with poor CD8+ T-cell immune reconstitution and poor prognosis post-HLA-matched allo-HSCT. Clin Exp Immunol 2022; 208:332-339. [PMID: 35551362 PMCID: PMC9226149 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxac047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) are two major complications that contribute to a poor prognosis after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Superior early immune reconstitution (IR) is associated with improved survival after HSCT. However, when all three factors, CMV infection, aGVHD, and IR, are concomitantly considered, the effects of the triple events on HSCT are still unknown and should be studied further. Thus we enrolled 185 patients who were diagnosed as hematological malignancies and treated with HLA-matched sibling transplantation (MST) between January 2010 and December 2014, of whom 83 were positive for CMV infection and 82 had aGVHD. Results showed that patients with both aGVHD and CMV infection had significantly higher non-relapse mortality (NRM), lower overall survival (OS), and delayed CD8+ T-cell IR. Multivariate analyses showed that both aGVHD combined with CMV infection and delayed CD8+ T-cell IR were independent risk factors for prognosis post-MST. Recurrent CMV infections are associated with poor CD8+ T-cell reconstitution. However, superior IR could protect against the negative effects of aGVHD and CMV infection on the transplant outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Ying Fan
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Ting-Ting Han
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Wei Zuo
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Xiao-Su Zhao
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Ying-Jun Chang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Meng Lv
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Mo
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yu-Qian Sun
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Lan-Ping Xu
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Zhang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Kai-Yan Liu
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Huang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Zhao
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing 100044, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing 100044, China
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Zhang Y, Liang Y, Zhang X, Wang S, Cao J, Gao Z, Li L, Mo W. Pre-Transplant Platelet Refractoriness and Alternative Donors Are Associated With Cytomegalovirus Retinitis in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Severe Aplastic Anemia. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:870296. [PMID: 35372094 PMCID: PMC8964998 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.870296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cytomegalovirus retinitis is a severe, vision-threatening opportunistic infection in an immunodeficient population. Reports on cytomegalovirus retinitis in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients due to severe aplastic anemia have been scant. This study assessed the risk of cytomegalovirus retinitis in relation to the pre-transplant status of severe aplastic anemia patients. Methods We conducted a retrospective nested case-control study of cytomegalovirus retinitis among severe aplastic anemia patients receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplants in a tertiary care institution that attends severe aplastic anemia patients from southern China from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2018. Each cytomegalovirus retinitis case was matched with four controls without cytomegalovirus retinitis by age and gender. Thirteen pre-transplant parameters were chosen to compare the risk factor levels between the cases and controls. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results A total of 361 severe aplastic anemia patients received hematopoietic stem cell transplants in the study period 2013–2018 in our medical institution, and 31 (8.58%) developed cytomegalovirus retinitis. Cytomegalovirus retinitis was diagnosed in the median of 148 days after transplantation. We confirmed platelet refractoriness more frequently in cases than in controls (p = 0.0005). Compared with human leukocyte antigen-matched sibling donors, alternative donors were significantly more prone to cytomegalovirus retinitis (p = 0.0009). After stepwise selection in multivariate logistic regression, platelet refractoriness (OR 5.41, 95% CI 1.98–15.39), haploidentical donor (OR 7.46, 95% CI 2.19–34.87), and unrelated donor (OR 8.38, 95% CI 2.30–41.34) were associated with an increased risk of cytomegalovirus retinitis. Conclusions Pre-transplant platelet refractoriness and alternative donors were significant predictors of cytomegalovirus retinitis in severe aplastic anemia recipients. These results highlight the importance of accounting for existing risks while developing prevention strategies and preemptive treatment for severe aplastic anemia recipients. We recommend that the platelet count be closely monitored and thrombopoietin be properly applied during the period when cytomegalovirus retinitis is prone to occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehong Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuqin Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shunqing Wang
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinpeng Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Bio-Island, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zongyin Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Biology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, United States
- *Correspondence: Wenjian Mo, ; Ling Li,
| | - Wenjian Mo
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wenjian Mo, ; Ling Li,
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Biernat MM, Urbaniak-Kujda D, Dybko J, Kapelko-Słowik K, Prajs I, Wróbel T. Fecal microbiota transplantation in the treatment of intestinal steroid-resistant graft-versus-host disease: two case reports and a review of the literature. J Int Med Res 2021; 48:300060520925693. [PMID: 32527171 PMCID: PMC7294377 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520925693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGvHD) reduces the efficiency and safety of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). In recent years, attempts have been made to transplant fecal microbiota from healthy donors to treat intestinal GvHD. This study presented two cases of patients undergoing allo-HSCT who were later selected for fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). In the first patient, FMT resulted in the complete resolution of symptoms, whereas therapeutic efficacy was not achieved in the second patient. FMT eliminated drug-resistant pathogens, namely very drug-resistant Enterococcus spp., but not multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii or Candida spp. Further research is needed, particularly on the safety of FMT in patients with intestinal steroid-resistant GvHD and on the distant impact of transplanted microflora on the outcomes of allo-HSCT. FMT appears promising for the treatment of patients with steroid-resistant GvHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Maria Biernat
- Department and Clinic of Haematology, Blood Neoplasms, and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Donata Urbaniak-Kujda
- Department and Clinic of Haematology, Blood Neoplasms, and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jarosław Dybko
- Department and Clinic of Internal and Occupational Diseases and Hypertension, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kapelko-Słowik
- Department and Clinic of Haematology, Blood Neoplasms, and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Prajs
- Department and Clinic of Haematology, Blood Neoplasms, and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Wróbel
- Department and Clinic of Haematology, Blood Neoplasms, and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
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7
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Miyao K, Terakura S, Ozawa Y, Sawa M, Kohno A, Kasahara S, Iida H, Ino K, Kusumoto S, Kasai M, Takami A, Kurahashi S, Kajiguchi T, Morishita T, Nishida T, Murata M. Comparison of Transplantation Outcomes after Foscarnet and Ganciclovir Administration as First-Line Anti-Cytomegalovirus Preemptive Therapy. Transplant Cell Ther 2020; 27:342.e1-342.e10. [PMID: 33836887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtct.2020.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Ganciclovir (GCV) and foscarnet (FCN) are effective anti-cytomegalovirus (CMV) preemptive therapies; however, the impact of the 2 agents on various clinical outcomes of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) remains unclear. We retrospectively analyzed data on 532 patients undergoing allogeneic HSCT from unrelated donors and administered FCN (n = 86) or GCV (n = 446) as first-line anti-CMV preemptive therapy. Overall survival, relapse, and nonrelapse mortality (NRM) did not differ between the FCN and GCV groups, whereas the GCV group had a higher risk of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) (hazard ratio [HR], 2.38; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.28 to 4.39; P = .006) and extensive cGVHD (HR, 3.94; 95% CI, 1.43 to 10.9; P = .008). All 13 patients with cGVHD in the FCN group survived. Switching to the other agent was done mainly due to hematologic adverse events in the GCV group and mainly due to insufficient efficacy in the FCN group. The incidence of end-organ CMV disease was similar in the 2 groups. Selection of FCN or GCV as first-line preemptive anti-CMV therapy did not affect survival, relapse, or NRM. Physicians can select either of the agents, depending on the clinical situation; however, the selection may influence the cGVHD-related clinical course in HSCT recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotaro Miyao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Anjo Kosei Hospital, Anjo, Japan; Department of Hematology and Oncology, Tosei General Hospital, Seto, Japan.
| | - Seitaro Terakura
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yukiyasu Ozawa
- Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Nagoya First Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masashi Sawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Anjo Kosei Hospital, Anjo, Japan
| | - Akio Kohno
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Konan Kosei Hospital, Konan, Japan
| | - Senji Kasahara
- Division of Hematology, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hiroatsu Iida
- Department of Hematology, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuko Ino
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Shigeru Kusumoto
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Science, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masanobu Kasai
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Japanese Red Cross Nagoya Daini Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Takami
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Shingo Kurahashi
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Toyohashi Municipal Hospital, Toyohashi, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kajiguchi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Tosei General Hospital, Seto, Japan
| | - Takanobu Morishita
- Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Nagoya First Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Nishida
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Makoto Murata
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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