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Song JH, Kim H, Kong MJ, Hong YT, Oh SJ, Choi KC. Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid in Rice Bran Extract Exerts Antistress Effects in Mouse Models with Depressive-Like Behaviors. J Med Food 2024; 27:231-241. [PMID: 38502788 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2023.k.0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Various neurotransmitters are involved in regulating stress systems. In this study, we investigated the effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid-rich rice bran extract (GRBe) in mice stressed by forced swimming and tail suspension tests. Four weeks of oral administration of GRBe (500-2000 mg/kg) reduced the levels of dopamine and corticosterone in the blood and brain while increasing serotonin levels. GRBe was involved not only in stress but also in regulating sleep and obesity-related genes. Modern society experiences diverse and tense lives because of urbanization and informatization, which cause excessive stress due to complicated interpersonal relationships, heavy work burden, and fatigue from the organized society. High levels of stress cause psychological instability and disrupt the balance in the autonomic nervous system, which maintains the body's equilibrium, resulting in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, hormonal imbalances, and sleep disorders. Therefore, our results suggest that GRBe is a useful substance that can relieve tension by ultimately influencing a depressive-like state by lowering the levels of neuronal substances, hormones, and cytokines involved in stress and sleep disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hye Song
- Research Group of Personalized Diet, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Korea
| | - Hyunhee Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Jeong Kong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon-Taek Hong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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2
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Pluma-Pluma A, García G, Murbartián J. Chronic restraint stress and social transfer of stress produce tactile allodynia mediated by the HMGB1/TNFα/TNFR1 pathway in female and male rats. Physiol Behav 2024; 274:114418. [PMID: 38042454 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown the relevance of high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) in nerve or tissue injury-induced nociception. However, the role of these proteins in chronic stress and social transfer of stress (STS)-induced dysfunctional pain is not entirely known. The aim of this study was to determine the participation of the spinal HMGB1-TNFα signaling pathway and TNFα receptor 1 (TNFR1) in rats subjected to chronic restraint stress (CRS) and STS. Non-stressed female and male rats in contact with CRS rats increased sniffing behavior of the anogenital area, behavior related to STS. Rats subjected to CRS and STS reduced 50 % withdrawal threshold and reached the value of tactile allodynia after 21 days of stress. Rats return to the basal withdrawal threshold after 30 days without stress and return to allodynia values in only 5 days of stress sessions (priming). Female and male rats subjected to 28 days of CRS or STS were intrathecal injected with glycyrrhizin (inhibitor of HMGB1), thalidomide (inhibitor of the TNFα synthesis), and R7050 (TNFR1 antagonist), in all the cases, an antiallodynic effect was observed. Rats under CRS or STS enhanced HMGB1 and TNFR1 protein expression in DRG and dorsal spinal cord. Data suggest that the spinal HMGB1/TNFα/TNFR1 signaling pathway plays a relevant role in the maintenance of CRS and STS-induced nociceptive hypersensitivity in rats. These proteins could be helpful in developing pain treatments for fibromyalgia in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Pluma-Pluma
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Cinvestav, Calzada de los Tenorios 235, Colonia Granjas Coapa, 14330, South Campus, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe García
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Cinvestav, Calzada de los Tenorios 235, Colonia Granjas Coapa, 14330, South Campus, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Janet Murbartián
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Cinvestav, Calzada de los Tenorios 235, Colonia Granjas Coapa, 14330, South Campus, Mexico City, Mexico.
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3
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Nakamoto K, Tokuyama S. Stress-Induced Changes in the Endogenous Opioid System Cause Dysfunction of Pain and Emotion Regulation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11713. [PMID: 37511469 PMCID: PMC10380691 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Early life stress, such as child abuse and neglect, and psychosocial stress in adulthood are risk factors for psychiatric disorders, including depression and anxiety. Furthermore, exposure to these stresses affects the sensitivity to pain stimuli and is associated with the development of chronic pain. However, the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of stress-induced depression, anxiety, and pain control remain unclear. Endogenous opioid signaling is reportedly associated with analgesia, reward, addiction, and the regulation of stress responses and anxiety. Stress alters the expression of various opioid receptors in the central nervous system and sensitivity to opioid receptor agonists and antagonists. μ-opioid receptor-deficient mice exhibit attachment disorders and autism-like behavioral expression patterns, while those with δ-opioid receptor deficiency exhibit anxiety-like behavior. In contrast, deficiency and antagonists of the κ-opioid receptor suppress the stress response. These findings strongly suggest that the expression and dysfunction of the endogenous opioid signaling pathways are involved in the pathogenesis of stress-induced psychiatric disorders and chronic pain. In this review, we summarize the latest basic and clinical research studies on the effects of endogenous opioid signaling on early-life stress, psychosocial stress-induced psychiatric disorders, and chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Nakamoto
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-8586, Japan
| | - Shogo Tokuyama
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-8586, Japan
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Bagues A, Girón R, Abalo R, Goicoechea C, Martín-Fontelles MI, Sánchez-Robles EM. SHORT-TERM STRESS SIGNIFICANTLY DECREASES MORPHINE ANALGESIA IN TRIGEMINAL BUT NOT IN SPINAL INNERVATED AREAS IN RATS. Behav Brain Res 2022; 435:114046. [PMID: 35933048 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.114046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Plenty information exists regarding the effects of chronic stress, although few data exist on the effects of short-lasting stressors, which would mimic daily challenges. Differences in craniofacial and spinal nociception have been observed, thus those observations obtained in spinally innervated areas cannot be directly applied to the orofacial region. Although, opioids are considered amongst the most effective analgesics, their use is sometimes hampered by the constipation they induce. Thus, our aims were to study if a short-lasting stressor, forced swim stress (FSS), modifies nociception, morphine antinociception and constipation in rats. Animals were submitted to 10-20min of FSS for three days, nociception and gastrointestinal transit were studied 24h after the last swimming session. Nociception and morphine (0.6-5mg/kg) antinociception were evaluated in the formalin and hypertonic saline tests in the orofacial area and limbs. Morphine-induced modifications in the GI transit were studied through radiographic techniques. Naloxone was administered, before each swimming session, to analyse the involvement of the endogenous opioid system on the effect of stress. Overall, stress did not alter nociception, although interestingly it reduced the effect of morphine in the orofacial tests and in the inflammatory phase of the formalin tests. Naloxone antagonized the effect of stress and normalized the effect of morphine. Stress did not modify the constipation induced by morphine. Opioid treatment may be less effective under a stressful situation, whilst adverse effects, such as constipation, are maintained. The prevention of stress may improve the level of opioid analgesia. Keywords.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Bagues
- Área de Farmacología, Nutrición y Bromatología, Dpto. C.C. Básicas de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Unidad Asociada I+D+i al Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC), Alcorcón, Spain; High Performance Research Group in Experimental Pharmacology (PHARMAKOM).
| | - Rocío Girón
- Área de Farmacología, Nutrición y Bromatología, Dpto. C.C. Básicas de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Unidad Asociada I+D+i al Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC), Alcorcón, Spain; High Performance Research Group in Experimental Pharmacology (PHARMAKOM).
| | - Raquel Abalo
- Área de Farmacología, Nutrición y Bromatología, Dpto. C.C. Básicas de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Unidad Asociada I+D+i al Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC), Alcorcón, Spain; High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC); Working Group of Basic Sciences in Pain and Analgesia of the Sociedad Española del Dolor.
| | - Carlos Goicoechea
- Área de Farmacología, Nutrición y Bromatología, Dpto. C.C. Básicas de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Unidad Asociada I+D+i al Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC), Alcorcón, Spain; High Performance Research Group in Experimental Pharmacology (PHARMAKOM); Working Group of Basic Sciences in Pain and Analgesia of the Sociedad Española del Dolor.
| | - Ma Isabel Martín-Fontelles
- Área de Farmacología, Nutrición y Bromatología, Dpto. C.C. Básicas de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Unidad Asociada I+D+i al Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC), Alcorcón, Spain; High Performance Research Group in Experimental Pharmacology (PHARMAKOM); Working Group of Basic Sciences in Pain and Analgesia of the Sociedad Española del Dolor.
| | - Eva Ma Sánchez-Robles
- Área de Farmacología, Nutrición y Bromatología, Dpto. C.C. Básicas de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Unidad Asociada I+D+i al Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC), Alcorcón, Spain; High Performance Research Group in Experimental Pharmacology (PHARMAKOM).
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5
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Bangsumruaj J, Kijtawornrat A, Kalandakanond-Thongsong S. Effects of chronic mild stress on GABAergic system in the paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus associated with cardiac autonomic activity. Behav Brain Res 2022; 432:113985. [PMID: 35787398 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.113985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Stress is associated with cardiovascular diseases. One possible mechanism is the reduction in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic transmission at the paraventricular nucleus (PVN), which contributes to the disinhibition of sympathoexcitatory circuits and activates sympathetic outflow. At present, the mechanism of chronic mild stress (CMS) on GABAergic transmission at the PVN and cardiac autonomic activity is not yet fully clarified. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the effects of CMS on the GABAergic system at the PVN and on the cardiac autonomic activity. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to control (left undisturbed in their home cage) or CMS (subjected to various mild stressors for 4 weeks). Cardiac autonomic activities were determined by heart rate variability (HRV) analysis, and GABAergic alterations at the PVN were determined from GABA levels and mRNA expression of GABA-related activities. Results showed that the CMS group had decreased HRV as determined by the standard deviation of all R-R intervals (SDNN). The low frequency (LF) and high frequency (HF) powers of the CMS group were higher than those of the control. Hence, the LF/HF ratio was consequently unaffected. These findings indicated that despite the increase in sympathetic and parasympathetic activities, the autonomic balance was preserved at 4 weeks post CMS. For the GABAergic-related parameters, the CMS group had decreased mRNA expression of glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD-65), the GABA-synthesizing enzyme, and increased mRNA expression of gamma-aminobutyric acid transporter-1 (GAT-1). Moreover, the GAD-65 mRNA expression was negatively correlated with LF. In conclusion, 4-week CMS exposure in male rats could attenuate GABAergic transmission at the PVN and alter cardiac autonomic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janpen Bangsumruaj
- Interdisciplinary Program in Physiology, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Anusak Kijtawornrat
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
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Yoshizawa K, Ukai S, Kuroda J, Yamauchi T, Yamada D, Saitoh A, Iriyama S, Nishino S, Miyazaki S. Alfaxalone improved in acute stress-induced tactile hypersensitivity and anxiety-like behavior in mice. Neuropsychopharmacol Rep 2022; 42:213-217. [PMID: 35118831 PMCID: PMC9216362 DOI: 10.1002/npr2.12233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress has been shown to affect brain activity and exert potent and complex modulatory effects on pain. Several behavioral tests have shown that acute stress produces hyperalgesia, depending on the stress conditions. In the present study, we investigated the effects of single restraint stress on the tactile threshold and anxiety sensitivity in mice. Mice were evaluated for the tactile threshold using von Frey filaments and for anxiety sensitivity using the elevated plus maze (EPM) test. Tactile thresholds were lowered by both 2 and 4 hour of restraint stress, but anxiety-like behaviors were observed only after 4 hour of restraint stress in the EPM test. In addition, we found that alfaxalone, which is a positive allosteric modulator of the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)A receptor, prevented restraint stress-induced hyperalgesia-like and anxiety-like behaviors. These results indicate that GABAergic function appears to be critical in the regulation of physical stress-induced hyperalgesia and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumi Yoshizawa
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Saki Ukai
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Junpei Kuroda
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tsugumi Yamauchi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yamada
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Saitoh
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Satoshi Iriyama
- Laboratory of Quantum Information Dynamics, Department of Information Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Satoru Miyazaki
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Department of Medical and Life Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
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Zhu X, Xu Y, Shen Z, Zhang H, Xiao S, Zhu Y, Wu M, Chen Y, Wu Z, Xu Y, He X, Liu B, Liu J, Du J, Sun J, Fang J, Shao X. Rostral Anterior Cingulate Cortex–Ventrolateral Periaqueductal Gray Circuit Underlies Electroacupuncture to Alleviate Hyperalgesia but Not Anxiety-Like Behaviors in Mice With Spared Nerve Injury. Front Neurosci 2022; 15:757628. [PMID: 35095390 PMCID: PMC8789679 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.757628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is a common cause of chronic pain and is often accompanied by negative emotions, making it complex and difficult to treat. However, the neural circuit mechanisms underlying these symptoms remain unclear. Herein, we present a novel pathway associated with comorbid chronic pain and anxiety. Using chemogenetic methods, we found that activation of glutamatergic projections from the rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACCGlu) to the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG) induced both hyperalgesia and anxiety-like behaviors in sham mice. Inhibition of the rACCGlu-vlPAG pathway reduced anxiety-like behaviors and hyperalgesia in the spared nerve injury (SNI) mice model; moreover, electroacupuncture (EA) effectively alleviated these symptoms. Investigation of the related mechanisms revealed that the chemogenetic activation of the rACCGlu-vlPAG circuit effectively blocked the analgesic effect of EA in the SNI mice model but did not affect the chronic pain-induced negative emotions. This study revealed a novel pathway, the rACCGlu-vlPAG pathway, that mediates neuropathic pain and pain-induced anxiety.
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8
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Brum ES, Becker G, Fialho MFP, Oliveira SM. Animal models of fibromyalgia: What is the best choice? Pharmacol Ther 2021; 230:107959. [PMID: 34265360 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Fibromyalgia (FM) is a complex syndrome, with an indefinite aetiology and intricate pathophysiology that affects 2 - 3% of the world population. From the beginning of the 2000s, experimental animal models have been developed to mimic clinical FM and help obtain a better understanding of the relevant neurobiology. These animal models have enabled a broad study of FM symptoms and mechanisms, as well as new treatment strategies. Current experimental FM models include the reserpine-induced systemic depletion of biogenic amines, muscle application of acid saline, and stress-based (cold, sound, or swim) approaches, among other emerging models. FM models should: (i) mimic the cardinal symptoms and complaints reported by FM patients (e.g., spontaneous nociception, muscle pain, hypersensitivity); (ii) mimic primary comorbidities that can aggravate quality of life and lead to worse outcomes (e.g., fatigue, sleep disturbance, depression, anxiety); (iii) mimic the prevalent pathological mechanisms (e.g., peripheral and central sensitization, inflammation/neuroinflammation, change in the levels of the excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters); and (iv) demonstrate a pharmacological profile similar to the clinical treatment of FM. However, it is difficult for any one of these models to include the entire spectrum of clinical FM features once even FM patients are highly heterogeneous. In the past six years (2015 - 2020), a wide range of experimental FM studies has amounted to the literature reinforcing the need for an updated review. Here we have described, in detail, several approaches used to experimentally study FM, with a focus on recent studies in the field and in previously less discussed mechanisms. We highlight each model's challenges, limitations, and future directions, intending to help preclinical researchers establish the correct experimental FM model to use depending on their goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyne Silva Brum
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry Toxicology, Centre of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Becker
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry Toxicology, Centre of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria Fernanda Pessano Fialho
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry Toxicology, Centre of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Sara Marchesan Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry Toxicology, Centre of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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9
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Fibromyalgia: Pathogenesis, Mechanisms, Diagnosis and Treatment Options Update. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22083891. [PMID: 33918736 PMCID: PMC8068842 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibromyalgia is a syndrome characterized by chronic and widespread musculoskeletal pain, often accompanied by other symptoms, such as fatigue, intestinal disorders and alterations in sleep and mood. It is estimated that two to eight percent of the world population is affected by fibromyalgia. From a medical point of view, this pathology still presents inexplicable aspects. It is known that fibromyalgia is caused by a central sensitization phenomenon characterized by the dysfunction of neuro-circuits, which involves the perception, transmission and processing of afferent nociceptive stimuli, with the prevalent manifestation of pain at the level of the locomotor system. In recent years, the pathogenesis of fibromyalgia has also been linked to other factors, such as inflammatory, immune, endocrine, genetic and psychosocial factors. A rheumatologist typically makes a diagnosis of fibromyalgia when the patient describes a history of pain spreading in all quadrants of the body for at least three months and when pain is caused by digital pressure in at least 11 out of 18 allogenic points, called tender points. Fibromyalgia does not involve organic damage, and several diagnostic approaches have been developed in recent years, including the analysis of genetic, epigenetic and serological biomarkers. Symptoms often begin after physical or emotional trauma, but in many cases, there appears to be no obvious trigger. Women are more prone to developing the disease than men. Unfortunately, the conventional medical therapies that target this pathology produce limited benefits. They remain largely pharmacological in nature and tend to treat the symptomatic aspects of various disorders reported by the patient. The statistics, however, highlight the fact that 90% of people with fibromyalgia also turn to complementary medicine to manage their symptoms.
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Huang Y, Jiao B, Zhu B, Xiong B, Lu P, Ai L, Yang N, Zhao Y, Xu H. Nitric Oxide in the Spinal Cord Is Involved in the Hyperalgesia Induced by Tetrahydrobiopterin in Chronic Restraint Stress Rats. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:593654. [PMID: 33867911 PMCID: PMC8044835 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.593654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been well recognized that exposure to chronic stress could increase pain responding and exacerbate pain symptoms, resulting in stress-induced hyperalgesia. However, the mechanisms underlying stress-induced hyperalgesia are not yet fully elucidated. To this end, we observed that restraint as a stressful event exacerbated mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia, accompanied with up-regulation of nitric oxide (NO) (P < 0.001), GTP cyclohydrolase 1 (GCH1) (GCH1 mRNA: P = 0.001; GCH1 protein: P = 0.001), and tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) concentration (plasma BH4: P < 0.001; spinal BH4: P < 0.001) on Day 7 in restraint stress (RS) rats. Intrathecal injection of N ω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), a non-specific NO synthase inhibitor, or N-([3-(aminomethyl)phenyl]methyl) ethanimidamide, a special inhibitor of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), for seven consecutive days attenuated stress-induced hyperalgesia and decreased the production of NO (P < 0.001). Interestingly, 7-nitro indazole, a special inhibitor of neuronal NO synthase, alleviated stress-induced hyperalgesia but did not affect spinal NO synthesis. Furthermore, intrathecal injection of BH4 not only aggravated stress-induced hyperalgesia but also up-regulated the expression of spinal iNOS (iNOS mRNA: P = 0.015; iNOS protein: P < 0.001) and NO production (P < 0.001). These findings suggest that hyperalgesia induced by RS is associated with the modulation of the GCH1-BH4 system and constitutively expressed spinal iNOS. Thus, the GCH1-BH4-iNOS signaling pathway may be a new novel therapeutic target for pain relief in the spinal cord.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Jiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Bingrui Xiong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pei Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Ai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ning Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yilin Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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11
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Yu W, Wang L, Yang L, Li YJ, Wang M, Qiu C, Yang Q, Li XB, Huang YL, Liu R, Wu YM. Activation of LXRβ Signaling in the Amygdala Confers Anxiolytic Effects Through Rebalancing Excitatory and Inhibitory Neurotransmission upon Acute Stress. Neurotherapeutics 2020; 17:1253-1270. [PMID: 32297184 PMCID: PMC7609627 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-020-00857-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The balance of major excitatory (glutamate, Glu) and inhibitory (γ-aminobutyric acid, GABA), named as E/I neurotransmission, is critical for proper information processing. Anxiety-like responses upon stress are accompanied by abnormal alterations in the formation and function of synapses, resulting in the imbalance of E/I neurotransmission in the amygdala. Liver X receptors (LXRs), including LXRα and LXRβ isoforms, are nuclear receptors responsible for regulating central nervous system (CNS) functions besides maintaining metabolic homeostasis. However, little is known about the contribution of LXRs in E/I balance in regulating anxiety-related behaviors induced by stress. In this study, we found stress-induced anxiety led to the expression reduction of LXRβ not LXRα in mice amygdala. GW3965, a dual agonist for both LXRα and LXRβ, alleviated anxiety-like behaviors of stressed mice through activation of LXRβ, confirmed by the knockdown of LXRβ mediated by lentiviral shRNAs in the basolateral amygdala (BLA). This was paralleled by correcting the disequilibrium of E/I neurotransmission in the stressed BLA. Importantly, GW3965 exerted anxiolytic effects by correcting the promoted amplitude and frequency of miniature excitatory postsynaptic current (mEPSC), and augmenting the decreased that of miniature inhibitory postsynaptic current (mIPSC) in the stressed BLA. This suggests that stress-induced anxiety-like behaviors can largely be ascribed to the deficit of LXRβ signaling in E/I neurotransmission in BLA. These findings highlight the deficiency of LXRβ signaling in the amygdala linked to anxiety disorder, and LXRβ activation may represent a potential novel target for anxiety treatment with an alteration in synaptic transmission in the amygdala.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Le Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Jiao Li
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 710021, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Qiu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu-Bo Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Long Huang
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu-Mei Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Li ZL, Xue Y, Tao ZY, Du WZ, Jiang YG, Cao DY. Spinal 5-HT 3 receptor contributes to somatic hyperalgesia induced by sub-chronic stress. Mol Pain 2020; 15:1744806919859723. [PMID: 31184246 PMCID: PMC6613060 DOI: 10.1177/1744806919859723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo-Lin Li
- 1 Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Research Center of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Stomatology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China.,2 Department of Endodontics, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Stomatology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Yang Xue
- 1 Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Research Center of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Stomatology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Zhuo-Ying Tao
- 1 Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Research Center of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Stomatology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Zhi Du
- 1 Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Research Center of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Stomatology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Yue-Gui Jiang
- 2 Department of Endodontics, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Stomatology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Dong-Yuan Cao
- 1 Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Research Center of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Stomatology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
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13
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Wu H, Huang Y, Tian X, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Mao Y, Wang C, Yang S, Liu Y, Zhang W, Ma Z. Preoperative anxiety-induced glucocorticoid signaling reduces GABAergic markers in spinal cord and promotes postoperative hyperalgesia by affecting neuronal PAS domain protein 4. Mol Pain 2020; 15:1744806919850383. [PMID: 31041873 PMCID: PMC6537253 DOI: 10.1177/1744806919850383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Preoperative anxiety is common in patients undergoing elective surgery and is
closely related to postoperative hyperalgesia. In this study, a single prolonged
stress model was used to induce preoperative anxiety-like behavior in rats 24 h
before the surgery. We found that single prolonged stress exacerbated the
postoperative pain and elevated the level of serum corticosterone. Previous
studies have shown that glucocorticoid is associated with synaptic plasticity,
and decreased spinal GABAergic activity can cause hyperalgesia in rodents. Here,
single prolonged stress rats’ lumbar spinal cord showed reduced glutamic acid
decarboxylase-65, glutamic acid decarboxylase-67, GABA type A receptor alpha 1
subunit, and GABA type A receptor gamma 2 subunit, indicating an impairment of
GABAergic system. Furthermore, neuronal PAS domain protein 4 was also reduced in
rats after single prolonged stress stimulation, which has been reported to
promote GABAergic synapse development. Then, intraperitoneal injection of RU486
(a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist) rather than spironolactone (a
mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist) was found to relieve single prolonged
stress-induced hyperalgesia and reverse neuronal PAS domain protein 4 reduction
and the impairment of GABAergic system. Furthermore, overexpressing neuronal PAS
domain protein 4 could also restore the damage of GABAergic system caused by
single prolonged stress while interfering with neuronal PAS domain protein 4
caused an opposite effect. Finally, after stimulation of rat primary spinal cord
neurons with exogenous corticosterone in vitro, neuronal PAS domain protein 4
and GABAergic markers were also downregulated, and RU486 reversed that.
Together, our results demonstrated that preoperative anxiety led to GABAergic
system impairment in spinal cord and thus caused hyperalgesia due to
glucocorticoid-induced downregulation of neuronal PAS domain protein 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yulin Huang
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyu Tian
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zuoxia Zhang
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanting Mao
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenchen Wang
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuai Yang
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Liu
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengliang Ma
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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14
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Bravo L, Llorca-Torralba M, Suárez-Pereira I, Berrocoso E. Pain in neuropsychiatry: Insights from animal models. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 115:96-115. [PMID: 32437745 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Pain is the most common symptom reported in clinical practice, meaning that it is associated with many pathologies as either the origin or a consequence of other illnesses. Furthermore, pain is a complex emotional and sensorial experience, as the correspondence between pain and body damage varies considerably. While these issues are widely acknowledged in clinical pain research, until recently they have not been extensively considered when exploring animal models, important tools for understanding pain pathophysiology. Interestingly, chronic pain is currently considered a risk factor to suffer psychiatric disorders, mainly stress-related disorders like anxiety and depression. Conversely, pain appears to be altered in many psychiatric disorders, such as depression, anxiety and schizophrenia. Thus, pain and psychiatric disorders have been linked in epidemiological and clinical terms, although the neurobiological mechanisms involved in this pathological bidirectional relationship remain unclear. Here we review the evidence obtained from animal models about the co-morbidity of pain and psychiatric disorders, placing special emphasis on the different dimensions of pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Bravo
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Psychobiology Research Group, Department of Neuroscience, University of Cádiz, 11003 Cádiz, Spain; Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Ciencias Biomédicas de Cádiz, INiBICA, Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Avda. Ana de Viya 21, 11009 Cádiz, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Meritxell Llorca-Torralba
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Psychobiology Research Group, Department of Neuroscience, University of Cádiz, 11003 Cádiz, Spain; Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Ciencias Biomédicas de Cádiz, INiBICA, Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Avda. Ana de Viya 21, 11009 Cádiz, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Suárez-Pereira
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Psychobiology Research Group, Department of Neuroscience, University of Cádiz, 11003 Cádiz, Spain; Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Ciencias Biomédicas de Cádiz, INiBICA, Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Avda. Ana de Viya 21, 11009 Cádiz, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Berrocoso
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Ciencias Biomédicas de Cádiz, INiBICA, Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Avda. Ana de Viya 21, 11009 Cádiz, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Neuropsychopharmacology and Psychobiology Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Cádiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
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15
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Bressan TF, Sobreira T, Carregaro AB. Use of Rodent Sedation Tests to Evaluate Midazolam and Flumazenil in Green Iguanas ( Iguana iguana). JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE : JAALAS 2019; 58:810-816. [PMID: 31645234 PMCID: PMC6926402 DOI: 10.30802/aalas-jaalas-19-000005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the applicability of rodent behavioral tests to assess the effects of midazolam and flumazenil in green iguanas. Four tests commonly used to assess sedation in rodents-the open field test, forced swim test, behavioral scale, and traction test-were conducted in 10 juveniles iguanas. The animals received midazolam (2 mg/kg IM) or 0.9% NaCl (0.4 mL/kg IM), and the tests were conducted between 0 and 300 min thereafter. To verify the effects of midazolam and flumazenil, the most informative tests from the evaluation stage and the limb withdrawal latency time (LWLT) were used. All 10 iguanas were tested under 4 conditions, as follows: MS, midazolam (2 mg/kg IM), followed 30 min later by 0.9% NaCl (0.4 mL/kg IM); FS, flumazenil (0.05 mg/kg IM), followed by 0.9% NaCl (0.4 mL/kg IM) 30 min later; MF, midazolam (2 mg/ kg IM), followed by flumazenil (0.05 mg/kg IM) 30 min later; and CON, 0.9% NaCl (0.4 mL/kg IM). The behavioral scale and the forced swim test showed the best detection of the onset, peak effect, and the differences between the sedated and control iguanas, with testing done between 15 and 240 min after drug administration. The sedative effect of midazolam began at 15 min and persisted through 180 min when assessed on the behavioral scale and 240 min when assessed by the forced swim test; flumazenil administration reversed the sedative effect. An increase in the LWLT was observed in the midazolam treatment groups between 15 and 30 min after drug administration. Flumazenil decreased LWLT between 15 and 180 min in the FS and at 60 min in the MF. In conclusion, the best methods to assess sedation in iguanas were the behavioral scale and the forced swim test. A dose of 2 mg/kg of midazolam was effective at inducing sedation in these juvenile iguanas, and this effect could be reversed by flumazenil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais F Bressan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering - University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thayanee Sobreira
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering - University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriano B Carregaro
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering - University of São Paulo, Brazil;,
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16
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Nijs J, Leysen L, Vanlauwe J, Logghe T, Ickmans K, Polli A, Malfliet A, Coppieters I, Huysmans E. Treatment of central sensitization in patients with chronic pain: time for change? Expert Opin Pharmacother 2019; 20:1961-1970. [DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2019.1647166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jo Nijs
- Pain in Motion International Research Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Chronic pain rehabilitation, Department of Physical Medicine and Physiotherapy, University Hospital Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurence Leysen
- Pain in Motion International Research Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Johan Vanlauwe
- Department of Public Health (GEWE), Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tine Logghe
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospital Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kelly Ickmans
- Pain in Motion International Research Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Chronic pain rehabilitation, Department of Physical Medicine and Physiotherapy, University Hospital Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, AZ Sint Dimpna hospital, Geel, Belgium
| | - Andrea Polli
- Pain in Motion International Research Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, AZ Sint Dimpna hospital, Geel, Belgium
| | - Anneleen Malfliet
- Pain in Motion International Research Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Chronic pain rehabilitation, Department of Physical Medicine and Physiotherapy, University Hospital Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, AZ Sint Dimpna hospital, Geel, Belgium
- Research Foundation – Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Iris Coppieters
- Pain in Motion International Research Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Chronic pain rehabilitation, Department of Physical Medicine and Physiotherapy, University Hospital Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
- Research Foundation – Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eva Huysmans
- Pain in Motion International Research Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Chronic pain rehabilitation, Department of Physical Medicine and Physiotherapy, University Hospital Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, AZ Sint Dimpna hospital, Geel, Belgium
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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17
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Nazeri M, Zarei MR, Pourzare AR, Ghahreh-Chahi HR, Abareghi F, Shabani M. Evidence of Altered Trigeminal Nociception in an Animal Model of Fibromyalgia. PAIN MEDICINE 2019; 19:328-335. [PMID: 28505350 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnx114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective Fibromyalgia (FM) is a debilitating chronic condition that significantly affects quality of life. A strong association has been demonstrated between FM and chronic pain in the trigeminal region in clinical studies. This study was performed to evaluate the response to acute and chronic noxious stimuli applied to the facial region. Methods Adult male Wistar rats (250-270 g, N = 10 for each group) were used in the current study. A subchronic swim stress model was used as the animal model of FM. Anxiety-like behaviors and response to acute and chronic noxious stimuli were assayed using the elevated plus maze, eye wiping test, and orofacial formalin test, respectively. Balance and motor function were evaluated using rotarod and wire grip tests. Results An increased anxiety-like behavior was observed in swim stress rats in comparison with control and sham subjects. Response to acute and chronic noxious stimuli in the trigeminal region was increased in the stressed rats. Motor and balance function were not altered following stress. Conclusions Results of the current study demonstrated a hyperalgesic state in the trigeminal region in a possible animal model of FM. This study provides a reliable animal model for further research on the possible mechanisms of orofacial pain in FM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Mohammad Shabani
- Neurophysiology and Patch Clamp Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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18
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Liu LY, Zhang RL, Chen L, Zhao HY, Cai J, Wang JK, Guo DQ, Cui YJ, Xing GG. Chronic stress increases pain sensitivity via activation of the rACC-BLA pathway in rats. Exp Neurol 2018; 313:109-123. [PMID: 30586593 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2018.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to chronic stress can produce maladaptive neurobiological changes in pathways associated with pain processing, which may cause stress-induced hyperalgesia (SIH). However, the underlying mechanisms still remain largely unknown. In previous studies, we have reported that the amygdala is involved in chronic forced swim (FS) stress-induced depressive-like behaviors and the exacerbation of neuropathic pain in rats, of which, the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) are shown to play important roles in the integration of affective and sensory information including nociception. Here, using in vivo multichannel recording from rostal anterior cingulate cortex (rACC) and BLA, we found that chronic FS stress (CFSS) could increase the pain sensitivity of rats in response to low intensity innoxious stimuli (LIS) and high intensity noxious stimuli (HNS) imposed upon the hindpaw, validating the occurrence of SIH in stressed rats. Moreover, we discovered that CFSS not only induced an increased activity of rACC neuronal population but also produced an augmented field potential power (FPP) of rACC local field potential (LFP), especially in low frequency theta band as well as in high frequency low gamma band ranges, both at the baseline state and under LIS and HNS conditions. In addition, by using a cross-correlation method and a partial directed coherence (PDC) algorithm to analyze the LFP oscillating activity in rACC and BLA, we demonstrated that CFSS could substantially promote the synchronization between rACC and BLA regions, and also enhanced the neural information flow from rACC to BLA. We conclude that exposure of chronic FS stress to rats could result in an increased activity of rACC neuronal population and promote the functional connectivity and the synchronization between rACC and BLA regions, and also enhance the pain-related neural information flow from rACC to BLA, which likely underlie the pathogenesis of SIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Yu Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Rui-Ling Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Henan, Xinxiang 453002, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hong-Yan Zhao
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jie Cai
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health Commission, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jia-Kang Wang
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Da-Qing Guo
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Yan-Jun Cui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Peking University Hospital, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Guo-Gang Xing
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Henan, Xinxiang 453002, China; Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health Commission, Beijing 100083, China.
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19
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Malfliet A, Kregel J, Meeus M, Danneels L, Cagnie B, Roussel N, Nijs J. Patients With Chronic Spinal Pain Benefit From Pain Neuroscience Education Regardless the Self-Reported Signs of Central Sensitization: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Multicenter Trial. PM R 2018; 10:1330-1343.e1. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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20
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Nakatani Y, Kakihara Y, Shimizu S, Kurose M, Sato T, Kaneoke M, Saeki M, Takagi R, Yamamura K, Okamoto K. Japanese Rice Wine can reduce psychophysical stress-induced depression-like behaviors and Fos expression in the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis evoked by masseter muscle injury in the rats. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2018; 83:155-165. [PMID: 30286696 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2018.1524705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
We determined if Japanese Rice Wine (Sake) had inhibitory effects on stress-induced enhancement of masseter muscle (MM) nociception in the rats. Male rats were subjected to the repeated forced swim stress (FS) or sham conditionings from Day -3 to -1. Daily administration of Sake or saline was conducted after each stress conditioning. At Day 0 the number of Fos positive cells, a marker for neural activity, was quantified at the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (Vc) region by MM injury with formalin. FS increased MM-evoked Fos expression in the Vc region, which was inhibited by Sake compared to saline administration. Sake did not alter the number of Fos positive cells under sham conditions, indicating that inhibitory roles of Sake on neural activity in the Vc region were seen under FS conditions. These findings indicated that Sake had inhibitory roles on stress-induced MM nociception at the Vc region in our experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Nakatani
- Division of Oral Physiology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata City, Japan.,Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata City, Japan
| | - Yoshito Kakihara
- Division of Dental Pharmacology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata City, Japan.,Sakeology Center, Niigata University, Niigata City, Japan
| | - Shiho Shimizu
- Division of Oral Physiology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata City, Japan.,Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata City, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kurose
- Division of Oral Physiology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata City, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Sato
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata City, Japan
| | - Mitsuoki Kaneoke
- Sakeology Center, Niigata University, Niigata City, Japan.,Niigata Prefectural Sake Research Institute, Niigata City, Japan
| | - Makio Saeki
- Division of Dental Pharmacology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata City, Japan
| | - Ritsuo Takagi
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata City, Japan
| | - Kensuke Yamamura
- Division of Oral Physiology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata City, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Okamoto
- Division of Oral Physiology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata City, Japan.,Sakeology Center, Niigata University, Niigata City, Japan
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21
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Increase of histone acetylation in the GABAergic neurons in the rostral ventromedial medulla associated with mechanical hypersensitivity after repeated restraint stress. Brain Res Bull 2018; 142:394-402. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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22
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Jie F, Yin G, Yang W, Yang M, Gao S, Lv J, Li B. Stress in Regulation of GABA Amygdala System and Relevance to Neuropsychiatric Diseases. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:562. [PMID: 30154693 PMCID: PMC6103381 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The amygdala is an almond-shaped nucleus located deep and medially within the temporal lobe and is thought to play a crucial role in the regulation of emotional processes. GABAergic neurotransmission inhibits the amygdala and prevents us from generating inappropriate emotional and behavioral responses. Stress may cause the reduction of the GABAergic interneuronal network and the development of neuropsychological diseases. In this review, we summarize the recent evidence investigating the possible mechanisms underlying GABAergic control of the amygdala and its interaction with acute and chronic stress. Taken together, this study may contribute to future progress in finding new approaches to reverse the attenuation of GABAergic neurotransmission induced by stress in the amygdala.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Jie
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guanghao Yin
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Modi Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuohui Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiayin Lv
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bingjin Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Aizawa F, Nakamoto K, Tokuyama S. The involvement of free fatty acid-GPR40/FFAR1 signaling in chronic social defeat stress-induced pain prolongation in C57BL/6J male mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2018; 235:2335-2347. [PMID: 29931581 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-018-4930-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Depression and anxiety can cause the development of chronic pain. However, the mechanism of chronic pain induced by emotional dysfunction is still unknown. Previously, we demonstrated that the G protein-coupled receptor 40/free fatty acid receptor 1 (GPR40/FFAR1) signaling in the brain is related to regulation of both pain and emotion. In the present study, we proved that the role of GPR40/FFAR1 signaling in the development of chronic pain is induced by emotional dysfunction. RESULTS Repeated social defeat (SD)-stressed mice showed the impairment of social interaction and anxiety behavior. These mice also caused pain prolongation after paw-incision comparison with non-SD mice. This pain prolongation was markedly continued by infusion of the GPR40/FFAR1 antagonist, GW1100 during SD stress but not non-SD stress. Although, infusion of the GW1100 during SD stress did not cause deterioration of the emotional behavior. Furthermore, GW1100-treated SD-mice showed strong tendency of emotional dysfunction after paw incision. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that the dysfunction of fatty acids-GPR40/FFAR1 signaling in the brain underlying stress condition might be related to the development of chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuka Aizawa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-8586, Japan
| | - Kazuo Nakamoto
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-8586, Japan
| | - Shogo Tokuyama
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-8586, Japan.
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Inhibitory effects of fluoxetine, an antidepressant drug, on masseter muscle nociception at the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis and upper cervical spinal cord regions in a rat model of psychophysical stress. Exp Brain Res 2018; 236:2209-2221. [PMID: 29808228 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-018-5297-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine whether psychophysical stress conditionings had facilitatory effects on masseter muscle nociception in the central nervous system via serotonergic mechanisms in rats. Two experiments were conducted to assess: (1) whether repeated forced swim stress for 3 days increased the number of Fos-positive neurons evoked by masseter muscle injury due to formalin injection; and (2) whether serotonin-reuptake inhibitor, fluoxetine, administered daily after each stress conditioning, had modulatory roles on Fos expression. The number of Fos-positive cells was quantified in several areas within the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (Vc) and upper cervical spinal cord regions (Vc areas), including the ventrolateral area of the trigeminal subnucleus interpolaris/Vc transition, and the middle or caudal portion of the Vc regions, since nociceptive neural activity in the Vc region could play critical roles in deep craniofacial nociception. We found that forced swim stress conditionings increased depression-like behaviors, which was prevented by fluoxetine. Repeated forced swim stress significantly increased Fos expression in all Vc areas compared with those of non-stressed rats, while systemic administration of fluoxetine significantly decreased Fos expression in all areas, but mainly in the caudal Vc region, in stressed rats. Fluoxetine had no effect on Fos expression in non-stressed rats. These results indicate that repeated forced swim stress conditionings increase Fos expression in the Vc areas, and the contribution of serotonergic mechanisms to masseter muscle nociception could be greater in stressed rats than in sham rats. These results support the hypothesis that changes in brain function, including serotonergic mechanisms, in the Vc areas play critical roles in enhanced masseter muscle nociceptive responses under psychophysical stress conditions.
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Opposing Roles of Estradiol and Testosterone on Stress-Induced Visceral Hypersensitivity in Rats. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2018; 19:764-776. [PMID: 29496640 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Chronic stress produces maladaptive pain responses, manifested as alterations in pain processing and exacerbation of chronic pain conditions including irritable bowel syndrome. Female predominance, especially during reproductive years, strongly suggests a role of gonadal hormones. However, gonadal hormone modulation of stress-induced pain hypersensitivity is not well understood. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that estradiol is pronociceptive and testosterone is antinociceptive in a model of stress-induced visceral hypersensitivity (SIVH) in rats by recording the visceromotor response to colorectal distention after a 3-day forced swim (FS) stress paradigm. FS induced visceral hypersensitivity that persisted at least 2 weeks in female, but only 2 days in male rats. Ovariectomy blocked and orchiectomy facilitated SIVH. Furthermore, estradiol injection in intact male rats increased SIVH and testosterone in intact female rats attenuated SIVH. Western blot analyses indicated estradiol increased excitatory glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 1 expression and decreased inhibitory metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 expression after FS in male thoracolumbar spinal cord. In addition, the presence of estradiol during stress increased spinal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression independent of sex. In contrast, testosterone blocked the stress-induced increase in BDNF expression in female rats. These data suggest that estradiol facilitates and testosterone attenuates SIVH by modulating spinal excitatory and inhibitory glutamatergic receptor expression. PERSPECTIVE SIVH is more robust in female rats. Estradiol facilitates whereas testosterone dampens the development of SIVH. This could partially explain the greater prevalence of certain chronic visceral pain conditions in women. An increase in spinal BDNF is concomitant with increased stress-induced pain. Pharmaceutical interventions targeting this molecule could provide promising alleviation of SIVH in women.
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Association Between Symptoms of Central Sensitization and Cognitive Behavioral Factors in People With Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain: A Cross-sectional Study. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2018; 41:92-101. [PMID: 29329739 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this cross-sectional study was to analyze the relationship between symptoms of central sensitization (CS) and important cognitive behavioral and psychosocial factors in a sample of patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain. METHODS Participants with chronic nonspecific low back pain for at least 3 months were included in the study. They completed several questionnaires and a functional test. Pearson's correlation was used to analyze associations between symptoms of CS and pain behavior, functioning, pain, pain catastrophizing, kinesiophobia, and illness perceptions. Additionally, a between-group analysis was performed to compare patients with and without clinically relevant symptoms of CS. RESULTS Data from 38 participants were analyzed. Significant associations were found between symptoms of CS and all other outcomes, especially current pain (r = 0.510, P = .001), mean pain during the past 7 days (r = 0.505, P = .001), and pain catastrophizing (r = 0.518, P = .001). Patients with clinically relevant symptoms of CS scored significantly worse on all outcomes compared with persons without relevant symptoms of CS, except on functioning (P = .128). CONCLUSIONS Symptoms of CS were significantly associated with psychosocial and cognitive behavioral factors. Patients exhibiting a clinically relevant degree of symptoms of CS scored significantly worse on most outcomes, compared with the subgroup of the sample with fewer symptoms of CS.
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Chronic stress exacerbates neuropathic pain via the integration of stress-affect-related information with nociceptive information in the central nucleus of the amygdala. Pain 2017; 158:717-739. [PMID: 28225710 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Exacerbation of pain by chronic stress and comorbidity of pain with stress-related psychiatric disorders, including anxiety and depression, represent significant clinical challenges. However, the underlying mechanisms still remain unclear. Here, we investigated whether chronic forced swim stress (CFSS)-induced exacerbation of neuropathic pain is mediated by the integration of stress-affect-related information with nociceptive information in the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA). We first demonstrated that CFSS indeed produces both depressive-like behaviors and exacerbation of spared nerve injury (SNI)-induced mechanical allodynia in rats. Moreover, we revealed that CFSS induces both sensitization of basolateral amygdala (BLA) neurons and augmentation of long-term potentiation (LTP) at the BLA-CeA synapse and meanwhile, exaggerates both SNI-induced sensitization of CeA neurons and LTP at the parabrachial (PB)-CeA synapse. In addition, we discovered that CFSS elevates SNI-induced functional up-regulation of GluN2B-containing NMDA (GluN2B-NMDA) receptors in the CeA, which is proved to be necessary for CFSS-induced augmentation of LTP at the PB-CeA synapse and exacerbation of pain hypersensitivity in SNI rats. Suppression of CFSS-elicited depressive-like behaviors by antidepressants imipramine or ifenprodil inhibits the CFSS-induced exacerbation of neuropathic pain. Collectively, our findings suggest that CFSS potentiates synaptic efficiency of the BLA-CeA pathway, leading to the activation of GluN2B-NMDA receptors and sensitization of CeA neurons, which subsequently facilitate pain-related synaptic plasticity of the PB-CeA pathway, thereby exacerbating SNI-induced neuropathic pain. We conclude that chronic stress exacerbates neuropathic pain via the integration of stress-affect-related information with nociceptive information in the CeA.
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Chen L, Li S, Cai J, Wei TJ, Liu LY, Zhao HY, Liu BH, Jing HB, Jin ZR, Liu M, Wan Y, Xing GG. Activation of CRF/CRFR1 signaling in the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala contributes to chronic forced swim-induced depressive-like behaviors in rats. Behav Brain Res 2017; 338:134-142. [PMID: 29080675 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The basolateral nucleus of the amygdala (BLA) plays a key role in processing stressful events and affective disorders. Previously we have documented that exposure of chronic forced swim (FS) to rats produces a depressive-like behavior and that sensitization of BLA neurons is involved in this process. In the present study, we demonstrated that chronic FS stress (CFSS) could activate corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)/CRF receptor type 1 (CRFR1) signaling in the BLA, and blockade of CRF/CRFR1 signaling by intra-BLA injection of NBI27914 (NBI), a selective CRFR1 antagonist, could prevent the CFSS-induced depressive-like behaviors in rats, indicating that activation of CRF/CRFR1 signaling in the BLA is required for CFSS-induced depression. Furthermore, we discovered that exposure of chronic FS to rats could reinforce long-term potentiation (LTP) at the external capsule (EC)-BLA synapse and increase BLA neuronal excitability, and that all these alterations were inhibited by CRFR1 antagonist NBI. Moreover, we found that application of exogenous CRF also may facilitate LTP at the EC-BLA synapse and sensitize BLA neuronal excitability in normal rats via the activation of CRFR1. We conclude that activation of CRF/CRFR1 signaling in the BLA contributes to chronic FS-induced depressive-like behaviors in rats through potentiating synaptic efficiency at the EC-BLA pathway and sensitizing BLA neuronal excitability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Song Li
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Jie Cai
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Tian-Jiao Wei
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Ling-Yu Liu
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Hong-Yan Zhao
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Bo-Heng Liu
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Hong-Bo Jing
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Zi-Run Jin
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Neurology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - You Wan
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Guo-Gang Xing
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Henan, China; Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health and Family Planning Commission, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Neblett R, Mayer TG. The Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI): some background and current trends. Spine J 2017; 17:1766-1767. [PMID: 29150262 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2017.08.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Randy Neblett
- PRIDE Research Foundation, 5701 Maple Ave #100, Dallas, TX 75235
| | - Tom G Mayer
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390
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Malfliet A, Leysen L, Pas R, Kuppens K, Nijs J, Van Wilgen P, Huysmans E, Goudman L, Ickmans K. Modern pain neuroscience in clinical practice: applied to post-cancer, paediatric and sports-related pain. Braz J Phys Ther 2017; 21:225-232. [PMID: 28579013 PMCID: PMC5537480 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2017.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Generalized hypersensitivity in post-cancer, sports-related and pediatric pain. Rationale for pain education, stress management and cognition targeted exercises. Need to change from a biomedical or psychosocial to an integrated approach.
In the last decade, evidence regarding chronic pain has developed exponentially. Numerous studies show that many chronic pain populations show specific neuroplastic changes in the peripheral and central nervous system. These changes are reflected in clinical manifestations, like a generalized hypersensitivity of the somatosensory system. Besides a hypersensitivity of bottom-up nociceptive transmission, there is also evidence for top-down facilitation of pain due to malfunctioning of the endogenous descending nociceptive modulatory systems. These and other aspects of modern pain neuroscience are starting to be applied within daily clinical practice. However, currently the application of this knowledge is mostly limited to the general adult population with musculoskeletal problems, while evidence is getting stronger that also in other chronic pain populations these neuroplastic processes may contribute to the occurrence and persistence of the pain problem. Therefore, this masterclass article aims at giving an overview of the current modern pain neuroscience knowledge and its potential application in post-cancer, paediatric and sports-related pain problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anneleen Malfliet
- Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy (KIMA), Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium; Pain in Motion International Research Group,(◊); Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium; Department of Physical Medicine and Physiotherapy, University Hospital Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Laurence Leysen
- Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy (KIMA), Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium; Pain in Motion International Research Group,(◊)
| | - Roselien Pas
- Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy (KIMA), Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium; Pain in Motion International Research Group,(◊); Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy (REVAKI), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Kevin Kuppens
- Pain in Motion International Research Group,(◊); Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy (REVAKI), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jo Nijs
- Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy (KIMA), Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium; Pain in Motion International Research Group,(◊); Department of Physical Medicine and Physiotherapy, University Hospital Brussels, Belgium
| | - Paul Van Wilgen
- Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy (KIMA), Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium; Pain in Motion International Research Group,(◊); Transcare, Transdisciplinary Pain-management Centre,(◊◊) The Netherlands
| | - Eva Huysmans
- Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy (KIMA), Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium; Pain in Motion International Research Group,(◊)
| | - Lisa Goudman
- Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy (KIMA), Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium; Pain in Motion International Research Group,(◊); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kelly Ickmans
- Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy (KIMA), Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium; Pain in Motion International Research Group,(◊); Department of Physical Medicine and Physiotherapy, University Hospital Brussels, Belgium
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31
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Huang Y, Shen Z, Hu L, Xia F, Li Y, Zhuang J, Chen P, Huang Q. Exposure of mother rats to chronic unpredictable stress before pregnancy alters the metabolism of gamma-aminobutyric acid and glutamate in the right hippocampus of offspring in early adolescence in a sexually dimorphic manner. Psychiatry Res 2016; 246:236-245. [PMID: 27723521 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that mothers' exposure to stress before or during pregnancy is linked to an incidence of psychiatric disorders in offspring. However, a few studies have estimated the role of sex in the detrimental effects of pre-gestational stress on the offspring rats at early adolescence. Sex differences regarding the metabolism of gamma-aminobutyric acid and glutamate in the right hippocampus were investigated by MRS when the offspring rats reached 30 days. Additionally, the impact of pre-gestational stress exposed on an additional short-term acute stressor, such as forced swim, was examined in the male and female offspring rats. Our findings showed female offspring rats were more vulnerable to stressful conditions for either pre-gestational stress or acute stress in early adolescence, and had decreased GABA/Cr+PCr and Glu/Cr+PCr in the right hippocampus. Interestingly, in response to forced swim, male offspring rats whose mothers were exposed to pre-gestational stress were more affected by the short-term acute stressor and this was manifested by change of Glu/GABA and Glu/Gln in the right hippocampus. These data indicated that although female offspring rats were more vulnerable to pre-gestational stress from their mothers than males, in response to an additional acute stressor they showed better response. Therefore, both sexually dimorphic manner and combination of stressful procedures should be carefully considered in the study of stress-related psychiatric disorders in early adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuejun Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, West Huangpu Rd, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China; Department of Pediatrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Shantou University, North Dongxia Rd, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiwei Shen
- Department of Imageology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Shantou University, North Dongxia Rd, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Liu Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Shantou University, North Dongxia Rd, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Fang Xia
- Department of Pediatrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Shantou University, North Dongxia Rd, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuewa Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Shantou University, North Dongxia Rd, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingwen Zhuang
- Department of Pediatrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Shantou University, North Dongxia Rd, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China.
| | - Peishan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Shantou University, North Dongxia Rd, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China.
| | - Qingjun Huang
- Joint Lab of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center of Shantou University, Taishan Rd, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China.
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Nijs J, Leysen L, Pas R, Adriaenssens N, Meeus M, Hoelen W, Ickmans K, Moloney N. Treatment of pain following cancer: applying neuro-immunology in rehabilitation practice. Disabil Rehabil 2016; 40:714-721. [DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2016.1261418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jo Nijs
- Pain in Motion International Research Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Physical Medicine and Physiotherapy, University Hospital Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurence Leysen
- Pain in Motion International Research Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Roselien Pas
- Pain in Motion International Research Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nele Adriaenssens
- Pain in Motion International Research Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mira Meeus
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Antwerp University, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wouter Hoelen
- De Berekuyl, Private practice for physiotherapy in oncology & lymphology, Hierden, the Netherlands
| | - Kelly Ickmans
- Pain in Motion International Research Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Physical Medicine and Physiotherapy, University Hospital Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Niamh Moloney
- Department of Health Professions, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
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Cao DY, Bai G, Ji Y, Karpowicz JM, Traub RJ. EXPRESS: Histone hyperacetylation modulates spinal type II metabotropic glutamate receptor alleviating stress-induced visceral hypersensitivity in female rats. Mol Pain 2016; 12:1744806916660722. [PMID: 27385724 PMCID: PMC4956148 DOI: 10.1177/1744806916660722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress is often a trigger to exacerbate chronic pain including visceral hypersensitivity associated with irritable bowel syndrome, a female predominant functional bowel disorder. Epigenetic mechanisms that mediate stress responses are a potential target to interfere with visceral pain. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a histone deacetylase inhibitor, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, on visceral hypersensitivity induced by a subchronic stressor in female rats and to investigate the involvement of spinal glutamate receptors. Three daily sessions of forced swim induced visceral hypersensitivity. Intrathecal suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid prevented or reversed the stress-induced visceral hypersensitivity, increased spinal histone 3 acetylation and increased mGluR2 and mGluR3 expression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analysis revealed enrichment of H3K9Ac and H3K18Ac at several promoter Grm2 and Grm3 regions. The mGluR2/3 antagonist LY341495 reversed the inhibitory effect of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid on the stress-induced visceral hypersensitivity. In surprising contrast, stress and/or suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid had no effect on spinal NMDA receptor expression or function. These data reveal histone modification modulates mGluR2/3 expression in the spinal cord to attenuate stressinduced visceral hypersensitivity. HDAC inhibitors may provide a potential approach to relieve visceral hypersensitivity associated with irritable bowel syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guang Bai
- University of Maryland School of Dentistry
| | - Yaping Ji
- University of Maryland School of Dentistry
| | - Jane M Karpowicz
- University of Maryland School of DentistryUniversity of Maryland School of DentistryUniversity of Maryland School of Dentistry
| | - Richard J Traub
- University of Maryland School of DentistryUniversity of Maryland School of DentistryUniversity of Maryland School of Dentistry
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Neurobiology of fibromyalgia and chronic widespread pain. Neuroscience 2016; 338:114-129. [PMID: 27291641 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 384] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Fibromyalgia is the current term for chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain for which no alternative cause can be identified. The underlying mechanisms, in both human and animal studies, for the continued pain in individuals with fibromyalgia will be explored in this review. There is a substantial amount of support for alterations of central nervous system nociceptive processing in people with fibromyalgia, and that psychological factors such as stress can enhance the pain experience. Emerging evidence has begun exploring other potential mechanisms including a peripheral nervous system component to the generation of pain and the role of systemic inflammation. We will explore the data and neurobiology related to the role of the CNS in nociceptive processing, followed by a short review of studies examining potential peripheral nervous system changes and cytokine involvement. We will not only explore the data from human subjects with fibromyalgia but will relate this to findings from animal models of fibromyalgia. We conclude that fibromyalgia and related disorders are heterogenous conditions with a complicated pathobiology with patients falling along a continuum with one end a purely peripherally driven painful condition and the other end of the continuum is when pain is purely centrally driven.
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35
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Li XQ, Li M, Zhou ZH, Liu BJ, Chen HS. Chronic restraint stress exacerbates nociception and inflammatory response induced by bee venom in rats: the role of the P2X7 receptors. Neurol Res 2016; 38:158-65. [PMID: 26900997 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2015.1135571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic restraint stress exacerbates pain and inflammation. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of chronic restraint stress on inflammatory pain induced by subcutaneous injection of bee venom (BV). METHODS First, we investigated: (1) the effect of two-week restraint stress with daily 2 or 8 h on the baseline paw withdrawal mechanical threshold (PWMT), paw withdrawal thermal latency (PWTL) and paw circumference (PC); (2) the effect of chronic stress on the spontaneous paw-flinching reflex (SPFR), decrease in PWM, PWTL and increase in PC of the injected paw induced by BV. RESULTS The results showed that (1) chronic restraint decreased significantly the PWMT and inhibited significantly the increase in PC, but had no effect on PWTL, compared with control group; (2) chronic restraint enhanced significantly BV-induced SPFR and inflammatory swelling of the injected paw. In a second series of experiments, the role of P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) in the enhancement of BV-induced inflammatory pain produced by chronic restraint stress was determined. Systemic pretreatment with P2X7R antagonist completely reversed the decrease in PWMT produced by chronic restraint, inhibited significantly the enhancement of BV-induced inflammatory pain produced by chronic restraint stress. CONCLUSION Taken together, our data indicate that chronic restraint stress-enhanced nociception and inflammation in the BV pain model, possibly involving the P2X7R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qiu Li
- a Department of Neurology , General Hospital of Shen-Yang Military Area Command , Shen Yang , China
| | - Man Li
- a Department of Neurology , General Hospital of Shen-Yang Military Area Command , Shen Yang , China
| | - Zhong-He Zhou
- a Department of Neurology , General Hospital of Shen-Yang Military Area Command , Shen Yang , China
| | - Bao-Jun Liu
- b Department of Medical Administration , General Hospital of Shen-Yang Military Area Command , Shen Yang , China
| | - Hui-Sheng Chen
- a Department of Neurology , General Hospital of Shen-Yang Military Area Command , Shen Yang , China
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Repeated forced swim stress differentially affects formalin-evoked nociceptive behaviour and the endocannabinoid system in stress normo-responsive and stress hyper-responsive rat strains. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2016; 64:181-9. [PMID: 25988529 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2015.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Revised: 05/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Repeated exposure to a homotypic stressor such as forced swimming enhances nociceptive responding in rats. However, the influence of genetic background on this stress-induced hyperalgesia is poorly understood. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of repeated forced swim stress on nociceptive responding in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats versus the Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rat strain, a genetic background that is susceptible to stress, negative affect and hyperalgesia. Given the well-documented role of the endocannabinoid system in stress and pain, we investigated associated alterations in endocannabinoid signalling in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord and amygdala. In SD rats, repeated forced swim stress for 10 days was associated with enhanced late phase formalin-evoked nociceptive behaviour, compared with naive, non-stressed SD controls. In contrast, WKY rats exposed to 10 days of swim stress displayed reduced late phase formalin-evoked nociceptive behaviour. Swim stress increased levels of monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) mRNA in the ipsilateral side of the dorsal spinal cord of SD rats, an effect not observed in WKY rats. In the amygdala, swim stress reduced anandamide (AEA) levels in the contralateral amygdala of SD rats, but not WKY rats. Additional within-strain differences in levels of CB1 receptor and fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) mRNA and levels of 2-arachidonylglycerol (2-AG) were observed between the ipsilateral and contralateral sides of the dorsal horn and/or amygdala. These data indicate that the effects of repeated stress on inflammatory pain-related behaviour are different in two rat strains that differ with respect to stress responsivity and affective state and implicate the endocannabinoid system in the spinal cord and amygdala in these differences.
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Larson AA, Nunez MG, Kissel CL, Kovács KJ. Intrathecal urocortin I in the spinal cord as a murine model of stress hormone-induced musculoskeletal and tactile hyperalgesia. Eur J Neurosci 2015; 42:2772-82. [PMID: 26332847 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Stress is antinociceptive in some models of pain, but enhances musculoskeletal nociceptive responses in mice and muscle pain in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome. To test the hypothesis that urocortins are stress hormones that are sufficient to enhance tactile and musculoskeletal hyperalgesia, von Frey fibre sensitivity and grip force after injection of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), urocortin I and urocortin II were measured in mice. Urocortin I (a CRF1 and CRF2 receptor ligand) produced hyperalgesia in both assays when injected intrathecally (i.t.) but not intracerebroventricularly, and only at a large dose when injected peripherally, suggesting a spinal action. Morphine inhibited urocortin I-induced changes in nociceptive responses in a dose-related fashion, confirming that changes in behaviour reflect hyperalgesia rather than weakness. No tolerance developed to the effect of urocortin I (i.t.) when injected repeatedly, consistent with a potential to enhance pain chronically. Tactile hyperalgesia was inhibited by NBI-35965, a CRF1 receptor antagonist, but not astressin 2B, a CRF2 receptor antagonist. However, while urocortin I-induced decreases in grip force were not observed when co-administered i.t. with either NBI-35965 or astressin 2B, they were even more sensitive to inhibition by astressin, a non-selective CRF receptor antagonist. Together these data indicate that urocortin I acts at CRF receptors in the mouse spinal cord to elicit a reproducible and persistent tactile (von Frey) and musculoskeletal (grip force) hyperalgesia. Urocortin I-induced hyperalgesia may serve as a screen for drugs that alleviate painful conditions that are exacerbated by stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice A Larson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, 1988 Fitch Avenue Room 295, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Myra G Nunez
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, 1988 Fitch Avenue Room 295, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Casey L Kissel
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, 1988 Fitch Avenue Room 295, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Katalin J Kovács
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, 1988 Fitch Avenue Room 295, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
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Fitzgibbon M, Finn DP, Roche M. High Times for Painful Blues: The Endocannabinoid System in Pain-Depression Comorbidity. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2015; 19:pyv095. [PMID: 26342110 PMCID: PMC4815466 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyv095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression and pain are two of the most debilitating disorders worldwide and have an estimated cooccurrence of up to 80%. Comorbidity of these disorders is more difficult to treat, associated with significant disability and impaired health-related quality of life than either condition alone, resulting in enormous social and economic cost. Several neural substrates have been identified as potential mediators in the association between depression and pain, including neuroanatomical reorganization, monoamine and neurotrophin depletion, dysregulation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis, and neuroinflammation. However, the past decade has seen mounting evidence supporting a role for the endogenous cannabinoid (endocannabinoid) system in affective and nociceptive processing, and thus, alterations in this system may play a key role in reciprocal interactions between depression and pain. This review will provide an overview of the preclinical evidence supporting an interaction between depression and pain and the evidence supporting a role for the endocannabinoid system in this interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michelle Roche
- Physiology (Ms Fitzgibbon and Dr Roche), and Pharmacology and Therapeutics (Dr Finn), School of Medicine, Galway Neuroscience Centre and Centre for Pain Research (Ms Fitzgibbon, Dr Finn, and Dr Roche), National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland.
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Nijs J, Lluch Girbés E, Lundberg M, Malfliet A, Sterling M. Exercise therapy for chronic musculoskeletal pain: Innovation by altering pain memories. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 20:216-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.math.2014.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Revised: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Nijs J, Meeus M, Versijpt J, Moens M, Bos I, Knaepen K, Meeusen R. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor as a driving force behind neuroplasticity in neuropathic and central sensitization pain: a new therapeutic target? Expert Opin Ther Targets 2014; 19:565-76. [PMID: 25519921 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2014.994506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Central sensitization is a form of maladaptive neuroplasticity underlying many chronic pain disorders, including neuropathic pain, fibromyalgia, whiplash, headache, chronic pelvic pain syndrome and some forms of osteoarthritis, low back pain, epicondylitis, shoulder pain and cancer pain. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a driving force behind neuroplasticity, and it is therefore crucial for neural maintenance and repair. However, BDNF also contributes to sensitization of pain pathways, making it an interesting novel therapeutic target. AREAS COVERED An overview of BDNF's sensitizing capacity at every level of the pain pathways is presented, including the peripheral nociceptors, dorsal root ganglia, spinal dorsal horn neurons, and brain descending inhibitory and facilitatory pathways. This is followed by the presentation of several potential therapeutic options, ranging from indirect influencing of BDNF levels (using exercise therapy, anti-inflammatory drugs, melatonin, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation) to more specific targeting of BDNF's receptors and signaling pathways (blocking the proteinase-activated receptors 2-NK-κβ signaling pathway, administration of phencyclidine for antagonizing NMDA receptors, or blockade of the adenosine A2A receptor). EXPERT OPINION This section focuses on combining pharmacotherapy with multimodal rehabilitation for balancing the deleterious and therapeutic effects of BNDF treatment in chronic pain patients, as well as accounting for the complex and biopsychosocial nature of chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo Nijs
- Pain in Motion international research group
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Abstract
Animal models of disease states are valuable tools for developing new treatments and investigating underlying mechanisms. They should mimic the symptoms and pathology of the disease and importantly be predictive of effective treatments. Fibromyalgia is characterized by chronic widespread pain with associated co-morbid symptoms that include fatigue, depression, anxiety and sleep dysfunction. In this review, we present different animal models that mimic the signs and symptoms of fibromyalgia. These models are induced by a wide variety of methods that include repeated muscle insults, depletion of biogenic amines, and stress. All potential models produce widespread and long-lasting hyperalgesia without overt peripheral tissue damage and thus mimic the clinical presentation of fibromyalgia. We describe the methods for induction of the model, pathophysiological mechanisms for each model, and treatment profiles.
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Stress-induced hyperalgesia. Prog Neurobiol 2014; 121:1-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2014.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2014] [Revised: 05/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Nijs J, Malfliet A, Ickmans K, Baert I, Meeus M. Treatment of central sensitization in patients with ‘unexplained’ chronic pain: an update. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2014; 15:1671-83. [DOI: 10.1517/14656566.2014.925446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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A modern neuroscience approach to chronic spinal pain: combining pain neuroscience education with cognition-targeted motor control training. Phys Ther 2014; 94:730-8. [PMID: 24481595 DOI: 10.2522/ptj.20130258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Chronic spinal pain (CSP) is a severely disabling disorder, including nontraumatic chronic low back and neck pain, failed back surgery, and chronic whiplash-associated disorders. Much of the current therapy is focused on input mechanisms (treating peripheral elements such as muscles and joints) and output mechanisms (addressing motor control), while there is less attention to processing (central) mechanisms. In addition to the compelling evidence for impaired motor control of spinal muscles in patients with CSP, there is increasing evidence that central mechanisms (ie, hyperexcitability of the central nervous system and brain abnormalities) play a role in CSP. Hence, treatments for CSP should address not only peripheral dysfunctions but also the brain. Therefore, a modern neuroscience approach, comprising therapeutic pain neuroscience education followed by cognition-targeted motor control training, is proposed. This perspective article explains why and how such an approach to CSP can be applied in physical therapist practice.
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Role of nitric oxide in altered nociception and memory following chronic stress. Physiol Behav 2014; 129:214-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.02.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Revised: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Abstract
The intensity and severity of perceived pain does not correlate consistently with the degree of peripheral or central nervous system tissue damage or with the intensity of primary afferent or spinal nociceptive neurone activity. In this respect, the modulation of pain by emotion and context is now widely recognized. In particular, stress, fear and anxiety exert potent, but complex, modulatory influences on pain. Stress can either suppress pain (stress-induced analgesia) or exacerbate it (stress-induced hyperalgesia; SIH) depending on the nature, duration and intensity of the stressor. Herein, we review the methods and models used to study the phenomenon of SIH in rodents and humans and then present a detailed discussion of our current understanding of neural substrates and neurobiological mechanisms. The review provides perspectives and challenges for the current and future treatment of pain and the co-morbidity of pain with stress-related psychiatric disorders including anxiety and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weredeselam M Olango
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre and Centre for Pain Research, National University of Ireland, University Road, Galway, Ireland
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Suarez-Roca H, Quintero L, Avila R, Medina S, De Freitas M, Cárdenas R. Central immune overactivation in the presence of reduced plasma corticosterone contributes to swim stress-induced hyperalgesia. Brain Res Bull 2013; 100:61-9. [PMID: 24316519 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2013.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Revised: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 11/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Although it is widely known that immunological, hormonal and nociceptive mechanisms are altered by exposure to repeated stress, the interplaying roles of each function in the development of post-stress hyperalgesia are not completely clear. Thus, we wanted to establish how interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β), corticosterone and microglia interact to contribute in the development of hyperalgesia following repeated forced swim. Rats were subjected to either forced swim, sham swim or non-conditioned. Each group was then treated with minocycline, ketoconazole, or saline. Thermal nociception was measured via the hot plate test, before and after the behavioral conditioning, whereas blood and lumbar spinal cord tissue samples were obtained at the end of the protocol. Serum levels of corticosterone, spinal tissue concentration of IL-1β and spinal OX-42 labeling (microglial marker) were determined. Rats exposed to forced swim stress developed thermal hyperalgesia along with elevated spinal tissue IL-1β, increased OX-42 labeling and relatively diminished serum corticosterone. Pre-treatment with minocycline and ketoconazole prevented the development of thermal hyperalgesia and the increase in IL-1β, without significantly modifying serum corticosterone. These results suggest that the development of forced swim-induced thermal hyperalgesia requires the simultaneous presence of increased spinal IL-1β, microglial activation, and relatively decreased serum corticosterone.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Suarez-Roca
- Sección de Neurofarmacología y Neurociencias, Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas "Dr. Américo Negrette", Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Apartado Postal 23, Maracaibo 4001-A, Venezuela.
| | - L Quintero
- Sección de Neurofarmacología y Neurociencias, Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas "Dr. Américo Negrette", Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Apartado Postal 23, Maracaibo 4001-A, Venezuela
| | - R Avila
- Cátedra de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Apartado Postal 23, Maracaibo 4001-A, Venezuela
| | - S Medina
- Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Clínicas (IVIC), Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - M De Freitas
- Cátedra de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Apartado Postal 23, Maracaibo 4001-A, Venezuela
| | - R Cárdenas
- Sección de Neurofarmacología y Neurociencias, Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas "Dr. Américo Negrette", Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Apartado Postal 23, Maracaibo 4001-A, Venezuela
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Abdelhamid RE, Kovacs KJ, Pasley JD, Nunez MG, Larson AA. Forced swim-induced musculoskeletal hyperalgesia is mediated by CRF2 receptors but not by TRPV1 receptors. Neuropharmacology 2013; 72:29-37. [PMID: 23624287 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Revised: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The exacerbation of musculoskeletal pain by stress in humans is modeled by the musculoskeletal hyperalgesia in rodents following a forced swim. We hypothesized that stress-sensitive corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) receptors and transient receptor vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) receptors are responsible for the swim stress-induced musculoskeletal hyperalgesia. We confirmed that a cold swim (26 °C) caused a transient, morphine-sensitive decrease in grip force responses reflecting musculoskeletal hyperalgesia in mice. Pretreatment with the CRF2 receptor antagonist astressin 2B, but not the CRF1 receptor antagonist NBI-35965, attenuated this hyperalgesia. Desensitizing the TRPV1 receptor centrally or peripherally using desensitizing doses of resiniferatoxin (RTX) failed to prevent the musculoskeletal hyperalgesia produced by cold swim. SB-366791, a TRPV1 antagonist, also failed to influence swim-induced hyperalgesia. Together these data indicate that swim stress-induced musculoskeletal hyperalgesia is mediated, in part, by CRF2 receptors but is independent of the TRPV1 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramy E Abdelhamid
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, 1988 Fitch Avenue Room 295, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
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Nijs J, Meeus M, Van Oosterwijck J, Ickmans K, Moorkens G, Hans G, De Clerck LS. In the mind or in the brain? Scientific evidence for central sensitisation in chronic fatigue syndrome. Eur J Clin Invest 2012; 42:203-12. [PMID: 21793823 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.2011.02575.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Central sensitisation entails several top-down and bottom-up mechanisms, all contributing to the hyperresponsiveness of the central nervous system to a variety of inputs. In the late nineties, it was first hypothesised that chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is characterised by hypersensitivity of the central nervous system (i.e. central sensitisation). Since then, several studies have examined central sensitisation in patients with CFS. This study provides an overview of such studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS Narrative review. RESULTS Various studies showed generalised hyperalgesia in CFS for a variety of sensory stimuli, including electrical stimulation, mechanical pressure, heat and histamine. Various tissues are affected by generalised hyperalgesia: the skin, muscle tissue and the lungs. Generalised hyperalgesia in CFS is augmented, rather than decreased, following various types of stressors like exercise and noxious heat pain. Endogenous inhibition is not activated in response to exercise and activation of diffuse noxious inhibitory controls following noxious heat application to the skin is delayed. CONCLUSIONS The observation of central sensitisation in CFS is in line with our current understanding of CFS. The presence of central sensitisation in CFS corroborates with the presence of several psychological influences on the illness, the presence of infectious agents and immune dysfunctions and the dysfunctional hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis as seen in these severely debilitated patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo Nijs
- Department of Human Physiology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium.
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