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Wei Y, Wang Y, Okazaki YO, Kitajo K, So RHY. Motion sickness resistant people showed suppressed steady-state visually evoked potential (SSVEP) under vection-inducing stimulation. Cogn Neurodyn 2024; 18:1525-1537. [PMID: 39104676 PMCID: PMC11297854 DOI: 10.1007/s11571-023-09991-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Visual stimulation can generate illusory self-motion perception (vection) and cause motion sickness among susceptible people, but the underlying neural mechanism is not fully understood. In this study, SSVEP responses to visual stimuli presented in different parts of the visual field are examined in individuals with different susceptibilities to motion sickness to identify correlates of motion sickness. Alpha band SSVEP data were collected from fifteen university students when they were watching roll-vection-inducing visual stimulation containing: (1) an achromatic checkerboard flickering at 8.6 Hz in the central visual field (CVF) and (2) rotating dots pattern flickering at 12 Hz in the peripheral visual field. Rotating visual stimuli provoked explicit roll-vection perception in all participants. The motion sickness resistant participants showed reduced SSVEP response to CVF checkerboard during vection, while the motion sickness susceptible participants showed increased SSVEP response. The changes of SSVEP in the presence of vection significantly correlated with individual motion sickness susceptibility and rated scores on simulator sickness symptoms. Discussion on how the findings can support the sensory conflict theory is presented. Results offer a new perspective on vection and motion sickness susceptibility. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11571-023-09991-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wei
- Department of Basic Psychology, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, 3688 Nanhai Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518060 China
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, 9 Yuexing First Road, South Area, Hi-Tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518057 China
- Bio-Engineering Graduate Program, School of Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yixuan Wang
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, 9 Yuexing First Road, South Area, Hi-Tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518057 China
- Bio-Engineering Graduate Program, School of Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuka O. Okazaki
- Division of Neural Dynamics, Department of System Neuroscience, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585 Japan
- Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Life Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585 Japan
| | - Keiichi Kitajo
- Division of Neural Dynamics, Department of System Neuroscience, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585 Japan
- Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Life Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585 Japan
- CBS-TOYOTA Collaboration Center, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Richard H. Y. So
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, 9 Yuexing First Road, South Area, Hi-Tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518057 China
- Bio-Engineering Graduate Program, School of Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Decision Analytics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
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2
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Kooijman L, Berti S, Asadi H, Nahavandi S, Keshavarz B. Measuring vection: a review and critical evaluation of different methods for quantifying illusory self-motion. Behav Res Methods 2024; 56:2292-2310. [PMID: 37369940 PMCID: PMC10991029 DOI: 10.3758/s13428-023-02148-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
The sensation of self-motion in the absence of physical motion, known as vection, has been scientifically investigated for over a century. As objective measures of, or physiological correlates to, vection have yet to emerge, researchers have typically employed a variety of subjective methods to quantify the phenomenon of vection. These measures can be broadly categorized into the occurrence of vection (e.g., binary choice yes/no), temporal characteristics of vection (e.g., onset time/latency, duration), the quality of the vection experience (e.g., intensity rating scales, magnitude estimation), or indirect (e.g., distance travelled) measures. The present review provides an overview and critical evaluation of the most utilized vection measures to date and assesses their respective merit. Furthermore, recommendations for the selection of the most appropriate vection measures will be provided to assist with the process of vection research and to help improve the comparability of research findings across different vection studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Kooijman
- Institute for Intelligent Systems Research and Innovation, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Stefan Berti
- Institute of Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Houshyar Asadi
- Institute for Intelligent Systems Research and Innovation, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Saeid Nahavandi
- Institute for Intelligent Systems Research and Innovation, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- Harvard Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Allston, MA, 02134, USA
| | - Behrang Keshavarz
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- KITE-Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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3
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Hao C, Su R, Dong C, Zhang J, Chi Z, Meng F, Zhao R, Wu Y, Wang L, Li P, Chen C, Lian Q, Cheng L. Detection method for unrecognized spatial disorientation based on optical flow stimuli. Technol Health Care 2024; 32:339-349. [PMID: 38669499 PMCID: PMC11191483 DOI: 10.3233/thc-248030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flight accidents caused by spatial disorientation (SD) greatly affect flight safety. OBJECTIVE Few studies have been devoted to the evaluation of SD. METHODS 10 pilots and 10 non-pilots were recruited for the experimental induction of SD. Videos for giving optical flow stimuli were played at two different flow speeds to induce SD. Subjective judgment and center of foot pressure (CoP) data were collected from the tests. The data were combined to determine the occurrence of SD and analyze the SD types. RESULTS The number of self-reported SD events was slightly smaller in the pilots than in the non-pilots. The average upper bound of the confidence interval for the standard deviation of CoP was 0.32 ± 0.09 cm and 0.38 ± 0.12 cm in the pilots and non-pilots, respectively. This indicator was significantly lower in the pilots than in the non-pilots (P= 0.03). The success rate of the experimental induction of unrecognized SD was 26.7% and 45.0% in the pilots and non-pilots, respectively. CONCLUSION The method offered a new to analyze unrecognized SD. We could determine the occurrence unrecognized SD. This is an essential means of reducing flight accidents caused by unrecognized SD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenru Hao
- Department of Medical Physics, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Rui Su
- Department of Medical Physics, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Chunnan Dong
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Medical Physics, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ziqiang Chi
- Department of Medical Physics, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Fanzhen Meng
- Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging Research and Application of Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ruibin Zhao
- Department of Medical Physics, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yanru Wu
- Department of Medical Physics, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging Research and Application of Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging Research and Application of Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Chengwei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging Research and Application of Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Qingjie Lian
- Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging Research and Application of Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Li Cheng
- Department of Medical Physics, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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4
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Ni J, Ito H, Ogawa M, Sunaga S, Palmisano S. Prior Exposure to Dynamic Visual Displays Reduces Vection Onset Latency. Multisens Res 2022; 35:653-676. [PMID: 36731532 DOI: 10.1163/22134808-bja10084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
While compelling illusions of self-motion (vection) can be induced purely by visual motion, they are rarely experienced immediately. This vection onset latency is thought to represent the time required to resolve sensory conflicts between the stationary observer's visual and nonvisual information about self-motion. In this study, we investigated whether manipulations designed to increase the weightings assigned to vision (compared to the nonvisual senses) might reduce vection onset latency. We presented two different types of visual priming displays directly before our main vection-inducing displays: (1) 'random motion' priming displays - designed to pre-activate general, as opposed to self-motion-specific, visual motion processing systems; and (2) 'dynamic no-motion' priming displays - designed to stimulate vision, but not generate conscious motion perceptions. Prior exposure to both types of priming displays was found to significantly shorten vection onset latencies for the main self-motion display. These experiments show that vection onset latencies can be reduced by pre-activating the visual system with both types of priming display. Importantly, these visual priming displays did not need to be capable of inducing vection or conscious motion perception in order to produce such benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ni
- Graduate School of Design, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 815-8540, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ito
- Faculty of Design, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 815-8540, Japan.,Research Center for Applied Perceptual Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 815-8540, Japan
| | - Masaki Ogawa
- Faculty of Design, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 815-8540, Japan
| | - Shoji Sunaga
- Faculty of Design, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 815-8540, Japan.,Research Center for Applied Perceptual Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 815-8540, Japan
| | - Stephen Palmisano
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
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5
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EEG analysis of the visual motion activated vection network in left- and right-handers. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19566. [PMID: 36379961 PMCID: PMC9666650 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21824-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Visually-induced self-motion perception (vection) relies on interaction of the visual and vestibular systems. Neuroimaging studies have identified a lateralization of the thalamo-cortical multisensory vestibular network, with left-handers exhibiting a dominance of the left hemisphere and right-handers exhibiting a dominance of the right hemisphere. Using electroencephalography (EEG), we compare the early processing of a vection-consistent visual motion stimulus against a vection-inconsistent stimulus, to investigate the temporal activation of the vection network by visual motion stimulation and the lateralization of these processes in left- versus right-handers. In both groups, vection-consistent stimulation evoked attenuated central event-related potentials (ERPs) in an early (160-220 ms) and a late (260-300 ms) time window. Differences in estimated source activity were found across visual, sensorimotor, and multisensory vestibular cortex in the early window, and were observed primarily in the posterior cingulate, retrosplenial cortex, and precuneus in the late window. Group comparisons revealed a larger ERP condition difference (i.e. vection-consistent stimulation minus vection-inconsistent stimulation) in left-handers, which was accompanied by group differences in the cingulate sulcus visual (CSv) area. Together, these results suggest that handedness may influence ERP responses and activity in area CSv during vection-consistent and vection-inconsistent visual motion stimulation.
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6
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Obereisenbuchner F, Dowsett J, Taylor PCJ. Self-initiation Inhibits the Postural and Electrophysiological Responses to Optic Flow and Button Pressing. Neuroscience 2021; 470:37-51. [PMID: 34273415 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
As we move through our environment, our visual system is presented with optic flow, a potentially important cue for perception, navigation and postural control. How does the brain anticipate the optic flow that arises as a consequence of our own movement? Converging evidence suggests that stimuli are processed differently by the brain if occurring as a consequence of self-initiated actions, compared to when externally generated. However, this has mainly been demonstrated with auditory stimuli. It is not clear how this occurs with optic flow. We measured behavioural, neurophysiological and head motion responses of 29 healthy participants to radially expanding, vection-inducing optic flow stimuli, simulating forward transitional motion, which were either initiated by the participant's own button-press ("self-initiated flow") or by the computer ("passive flow"). Self-initiation led to a prominent and left-lateralized inhibition of the flow-evoked posterior event-related alpha desynchronization (ERD), and a stabilisation of postural responses. Neither effect was present in control button-press-only trials, without optic flow. Additionally, self-initiation also produced a large event-related potential (ERP) negativity between 130-170 ms after optic flow onset. Furthermore, participants' visual induced motion sickness (VIMS) and vection intensity ratings correlated positively across the group - although many participants felt vection in the absence of any VIMS, none reported the opposite combination. Finally, we found that the simple act of making a button press leads to a detectable head movement even when using a chin rest. Taken together, our results indicate that the visual system is capable of predicting optic flow when self-initiated, to affect behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Obereisenbuchner
- MMRS - Munich Medical Research School, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Germany.
| | - James Dowsett
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Department of Psychology, LMU Munich, Germany.
| | - Paul C J Taylor
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Department of Psychology, LMU Munich, Germany; Faculty of Philosophy and Philosophy of Science, LMU Munich, Germany; Munich Center for Neurosciences - Brain and Mind, LMU Munich, Germany.
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7
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Belkhiria C, Peysakhovich V. Electro-Encephalography and Electro-Oculography in Aeronautics: A Review Over the Last Decade (2010-2020). FRONTIERS IN NEUROERGONOMICS 2020; 1:606719. [PMID: 38234309 PMCID: PMC10790927 DOI: 10.3389/fnrgo.2020.606719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Electro-encephalography (EEG) and electro-oculography (EOG) are methods of electrophysiological monitoring that have potentially fruitful applications in neuroscience, clinical exploration, the aeronautical industry, and other sectors. These methods are often the most straightforward way of evaluating brain oscillations and eye movements, as they use standard laboratory or mobile techniques. This review describes the potential of EEG and EOG systems and the application of these methods in aeronautics. For example, EEG and EOG signals can be used to design brain-computer interfaces (BCI) and to interpret brain activity, such as monitoring the mental state of a pilot in determining their workload. The main objectives of this review are to, (i) offer an in-depth review of literature on the basics of EEG and EOG and their application in aeronautics; (ii) to explore the methodology and trends of research in combined EEG-EOG studies over the last decade; and (iii) to provide methodological guidelines for beginners and experts when applying these methods in environments outside the laboratory, with a particular focus on human factors and aeronautics. The study used databases from scientific, clinical, and neural engineering fields. The review first introduces the characteristics and the application of both EEG and EOG in aeronautics, undertaking a large review of relevant literature, from early to more recent studies. We then built a novel taxonomy model that includes 150 combined EEG-EOG papers published in peer-reviewed scientific journals and conferences from January 2010 to March 2020. Several data elements were reviewed for each study (e.g., pre-processing, extracted features and performance metrics), which were then examined to uncover trends in aeronautics and summarize interesting methods from this important body of literature. Finally, the review considers the advantages and limitations of these methods as well as future challenges.
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8
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Berti S, Keshavarz B. Neuropsychological Approaches to Visually-Induced Vection: an Overview and Evaluation of Neuroimaging and Neurophysiological Studies. Multisens Res 2020; 34:153-186. [DOI: 10.1163/22134808-bja10035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Moving visual stimuli can elicit the sensation of self-motion in stationary observers, a phenomenon commonly referred to as vection. Despite the long history of vection research, the neuro-cognitive processes underlying vection have only recently gained increasing attention. Various neuropsychological techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electroencephalography (EEG) have been used to investigate the temporal and spatial characteristics of the neuro-cognitive processing during vection in healthy participants. These neuropsychological studies allow for the identification of different neuro-cognitive correlates of vection, which (a) will help to unravel the neural basis of vection and (b) offer opportunities for applying vection as a tool in other research areas. The purpose of the current review is to evaluate these studies in order to show the advances in neuropsychological vection research and the challenges that lie ahead. The overview of the literature will also demonstrate the large methodological variability within this research domain, limiting the integration of results. Next, we will summarize methodological considerations and suggest helpful recommendations for future vection research, which may help to enhance the comparability across neuropsychological vection studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Berti
- 1Institute of Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Behrang Keshavarz
- 2Kite-Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network (UHN), 550 University Ave., Toronto, ON, M5G 2A2, Canada
- 3Department of Psychology, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria St., Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada
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9
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Harquel S, Guerraz M, Barraud PA, Cian C. Modulation of alpha waves in sensorimotor cortical networks during self-motion perception evoked by different visual-vestibular conflicts. J Neurophysiol 2020; 123:346-355. [PMID: 31774351 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00237.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Visually induced illusion of self-motion (vection) has been used as a tool to address neural correlates of visual-vestibular interaction. The extent to which vestibular cortical areas are deactivated during vection varies from one study to another. The main question in this study is whether such deactivation depends on the visual-vestibular conflict induced by visual motion. A visual motion about the line of sight (roll motion) induces a visual-canal conflict in upright and supine observers. An additional visual-otolith conflict arises in the upright position only, with the graviceptive inputs indicating that the head is stationary. A 96-channel electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded in 21 participants exposed to roll motion in seated and supine positions. Meanwhile, perceptual state of self-motion was recorded. Results showed a transient decrease in the cortical sensorimotor networks' alpha activity at the onset of vection whatever the participant's position, and therefore the visual-vestibular conflict. During vection, an increase in alpha activity over parieto-occipital areas was observed in the upright condition, that is, in a condition of visual-otolith conflict. The modulation of alpha activity may be predictive of the illusion of self-motion but also may reflect the level of inhibition in the sensorimotor networks needed to reduce potential interference from vestibular conflicting inputs.NEW & NOTEWORTHY For the first time, we explored the neural correlates of different visuo-vestibular conflicts induced by visual motion using EEG. Our study highlighted a neuronal signature for illusory self-motion (vection) in the sensorimotor networks. Strong alpha activity may predict successful vection but also reflects the level of inhibition of sensorimotor networks needed to reduce potential interfering vestibular inputs. These findings would be of prime importance for simulator and virtual reality systems that induce vection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Harquel
- Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (LPNC), Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France.,IRMaGe, CNRS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Grenoble-Alpes, INSERM, Université Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Pierre-Alain Barraud
- Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité - Informatique, Mathématiques et Applications, CNRS, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble Institut d'ingénierie, Université Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Corinne Cian
- Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (LPNC), Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny sur Orge, France
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10
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Fujii Y. The Effect of Optical Flow Motion Direction on Vection Strength. Iperception 2020; 11:2041669519899108. [PMID: 31976056 PMCID: PMC6958656 DOI: 10.1177/2041669519899108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In some phenomena of visual perception, the motion direction of visual stimuli can affect perception. In particular, asymmetries between oblique directions and cardinal (horizontal and vertical) directions have been reported and are known as oblique effects (e.g., contrast sensitivity and motion threshold). In this study, we investigated how vection strength depends on motion direction. Participants observed random-dot optical flow in a circular field and rated the perceived vection strength. Dot movement was systematically controlled using the following angles: 0° (up), 30°, 45°, 60°, 90°, 120°, 135°, 150°, and 180° (down). We found that vection strength depended on motion direction and was weaker in the oblique directions than cardinal directions. Thus, the effect of motion direction on vection strength was variable, as seen in the shape of the oblique effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Fujii
- Faculty of Design, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Research Organization of Open Innovation and Collaboration, Ritsumeikan University, Osaka, Japan; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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11
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Wei Y, Okazaki YO, So RHY, Chu WCW, Kitajo K. Motion sickness-susceptible participants exposed to coherent rotating dot patterns show excessive N2 amplitudes and impaired theta-band phase synchronization. Neuroimage 2019; 202:116028. [PMID: 31326576 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Visually induced motion sickness (VIMS) can occur via prolonged exposure to visual stimulation that generates the illusion of self-motion (vection). Not everyone is susceptible to VIMS and the neural mechanism underlying susceptibility is unclear. This study explored the differences of electroencephalographic (EEG) signatures between VIMS-susceptible and VIMS-resistant groups. Thirty-two-channel EEG data were recorded from 12 VIMS-susceptible and 15 VIMS-resistant university students while they were watching two patterns of moving dots: (1) a coherent rotation pattern (vection-inducing and potentially VIMS-provoking pattern), and (2) a random movement pattern (non-VIMS-provoking control). The VIMS-susceptible group exhibited a significantly larger increase in the parietal N2 response when exposed to the coherent rotating pattern than when exposed to control patterns. In members of the VIMS-resistant group, before vection onset, global connectivity from all other EEG electrodes to the right-temporal-parietal and to the right-central areas increased, whereas after vection onset the global connectivity to the right-frontal area reduced. Such changes were not observed in the susceptible group. Further, the increases in N2 amplitude and the identified phase synchronization index were significantly correlated with individual motion sickness susceptibility. Results suggest that VIMS susceptibility is associated with systematic impairment of dynamic cortical coordination as captured by the phase synchronization of cortical activities. Analyses of dynamic EEG signatures could be a means to unlock the neural mechanism of VIMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wei
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, 9 Yuexing First Road, South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518057, China; Bio-Engineering Graduate Program, School of Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuka O Okazaki
- RIKEN CBS-TOYOTA Collaboration Center, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Richard H Y So
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, 9 Yuexing First Road, South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518057, China; Department of Industrial Engineering and Decision Analytics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China; Bio-Engineering Graduate Program, School of Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Winnie C W Chu
- Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Keiichi Kitajo
- RIKEN CBS-TOYOTA Collaboration Center, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan; Division of Neural Dynamics, Department of System Neuroscience, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8585, Japan; Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Life Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
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12
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Ertl M, Boegle R. Investigating the vestibular system using modern imaging techniques-A review on the available stimulation and imaging methods. J Neurosci Methods 2019; 326:108363. [PMID: 31351972 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2019.108363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The vestibular organs, located in the inner ear, sense linear and rotational acceleration of the head and its position relative to the gravitational field of the earth. These signals are essential for many fundamental skills such as the coordination of eye and head movements in the three-dimensional space or the bipedal locomotion of humans. Furthermore, the vestibular signals have been shown to contribute to higher cognitive functions such as navigation. As the main aim of the vestibular system is the sensation of motion it is a challenging system to be studied in combination with modern imaging methods. Over the last years various different methods were used for stimulating the vestibular system. These methods range from artificial approaches like galvanic or caloric vestibular stimulation to passive full body accelerations using hexapod motion platforms, or rotatory chairs. In the first section of this review we provide an overview over all methods used in vestibular stimulation in combination with imaging methods (fMRI, PET, E/MEG, fNIRS). The advantages and disadvantages of every method are discussed, and we summarize typical settings and parameters used in previous studies. In the second section the role of the four imaging techniques are discussed in the context of vestibular research and their potential strengths and interactions with the presented stimulation methods are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Ertl
- Department of Psychology, University of Bern, Switzerland; Sleep-Wake-Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, University Hospital (Inselspital) Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Rainer Boegle
- Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany; German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, IFB-LMU, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität, Munich, Germany
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13
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Stróżak P, Augustynowicz P, Ratomska M, Francuz P, Fudali-Czyż A. Vection Attenuates N400 Event-Related Potentials in a Change-Detection Task. Perception 2019; 48:702-730. [DOI: 10.1177/0301006619861882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Stróżak
- Department of Experimental Psychology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Poland
| | - Paweł Augustynowicz
- Department of Experimental Psychology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Poland
| | - Marta Ratomska
- Department of Experimental Psychology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Poland
| | - Piotr Francuz
- Department of Experimental Psychology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Fudali-Czyż
- Department of Experimental Psychology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Poland
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14
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Wei Y, Zheng J, So RHY. Allocating less attention to central vision during vection is correlated with less motion sickness. ERGONOMICS 2018; 61:933-946. [PMID: 29325490 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2018.1427805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Visually induced motion sickness (VIMS) is a common discomfort response associated with vection-provoking stimuli. It has been suggested that susceptibility to VIMS depends on the ability to regulate visual performance during vection. To test this, 29 participants, with VIMS susceptibility assessed by Motion Sickness Susceptibility Questionnaire, were recruited to undergo three series of sustained attention to response tests (SARTs) while watching dot pattern stimuli known to provoke roll-vection. In general, SARTs performance was impaired in the central visual field (CVF), but improved in peripheral visual field (PVF), suggesting the reallocation of attention during vection. Moreover, VIMS susceptibility was negatively correlated with the effect sizes, suggesting that participants who were less susceptible to VIMS showed better performance in attention re-allocation. Finally, when trained to re-allocation attention from the CVF to the PVF, participants experienced more stable vection. Findings provide a better understanding of VIMS and shed light on possible preventive measures. Practitioner Summary: Allocating less visual attention to central visual field during visual motion stimulation is associated with stronger vection and higher resistance to motion sickness. Virtual reality application designers may utilise the location of visual tasks to strengthen and stabilise vection, while reducing the potential of visually induced motion sickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wei
- a Bio-Engineering Program, School of Engineering , HKUST , Hong Kong , PR China
- c Computational Ergonomics Laboratory , HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen , PR China
| | - Jiayue Zheng
- a Bio-Engineering Program, School of Engineering , HKUST , Hong Kong , PR China
- c Computational Ergonomics Laboratory , HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen , PR China
| | - Richard H Y So
- a Bio-Engineering Program, School of Engineering , HKUST , Hong Kong , PR China
- b Department of Industrial Engineering and Logistics Management , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Hong Kong , PR China
- c Computational Ergonomics Laboratory , HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen , PR China
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15
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The search for instantaneous vection: An oscillating visual prime reduces vection onset latency. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195886. [PMID: 29791445 PMCID: PMC5965835 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Typically it takes up to 10 seconds or more to induce a visual illusion of self-motion (“vection”). However, for this vection to be most useful in virtual reality and vehicle simulation, it needs to be induced quickly, if not immediately. This study examined whether vection onset latency could be reduced towards zero using visual display manipulations alone. In the main experiments, visual self-motion simulations were presented to observers via either a large external display or a head-mounted display (HMD). Priming observers with visually simulated viewpoint oscillation for just ten seconds before the main self-motion display was found to markedly reduce vection onset latencies (and also increase ratings of vection strength) in both experiments. As in earlier studies, incorporating this simulated viewpoint oscillation into the self-motion displays themselves was also found to improve vection. Average onset latencies were reduced from 8-9s in the no oscillating control condition to as little as 4.6 s (for external displays) or 1.7 s (for HMDs) in the combined oscillation condition (when both the visual prime and the main self-motion display were oscillating). As these display manipulations did not appear to increase the likelihood or severity of motion sickness in the current study, they could possibly be used to enhance computer generated simulation experiences and training in the future, at no additional cost.
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16
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Mursic RA, Riecke BE, Apthorp D, Palmisano S. The Shepard-Risset glissando: music that moves you. Exp Brain Res 2017; 235:3111-3127. [PMID: 28744623 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-017-5033-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Sounds are thought to contribute to the perceptions of self-motion, often via higher-level, cognitive mechanisms. This study examined whether illusory self-motion (i.e. vection) could be induced by auditory metaphorical motion stimulation (without providing any spatialized or low-level sensory information consistent with self-motion). Five different types of auditory stimuli were presented in mono to our 20 blindfolded, stationary participants (via a loud speaker array): (1) an ascending Shepard-Risset glissando; (2) a descending Shepard-Risset glissando; (3) a combined Shepard-Risset glissando; (4) a combined-adjusted (loudness-controlled) Shepard-Risset glissando; and (5) a white-noise control stimulus. We found that auditory vection was consistently induced by all four Shepard-Risset glissandi compared to the white-noise control. This metaphorical auditory vection appeared similar in strength to the vection induced by the visual reference stimulus simulating vertical self-motion. Replicating past visual vection findings, we also found that individual differences in postural instability appeared to significantly predict auditory vection strength ratings. These findings are consistent with the notion that auditory contributions to self-motion perception may be predominantly due to higher-level cognitive factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A Mursic
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.
| | - Bernhard E Riecke
- School of Interactive Arts and Technology (SIAT), Simon Fraser University, 250-13450 102nd Avenue, Surrey, BC, V3T 0A3, Canada
| | - Deborah Apthorp
- Research School of Psychology, College of Medicine, Biology and Environment, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.,Research School of Computer Science, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Stephen Palmisano
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
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17
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Janssen S, Bolte B, Nonnekes J, Bittner M, Bloem BR, Heida T, Zhao Y, van Wezel RJA. Usability of Three-dimensional Augmented Visual Cues Delivered by Smart Glasses on (Freezing of) Gait in Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurol 2017; 8:279. [PMID: 28659862 PMCID: PMC5468397 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2017.00279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
External cueing is a potentially effective strategy to reduce freezing of gait (FOG) in persons with Parkinson's disease (PD). Case reports suggest that three-dimensional (3D) cues might be more effective in reducing FOG than two-dimensional cues. We investigate the usability of 3D augmented reality visual cues delivered by smart glasses in comparison to conventional 3D transverse bars on the floor and auditory cueing via a metronome in reducing FOG and improving gait parameters. In laboratory experiments, 25 persons with PD and FOG performed walking tasks while wearing custom-made smart glasses under five conditions, at the end-of-dose. For two conditions, augmented visual cues (bars/staircase) were displayed via the smart glasses. The control conditions involved conventional 3D transverse bars on the floor, auditory cueing via a metronome, and no cueing. The number of FOG episodes and percentage of time spent on FOG were rated from video recordings. The stride length and its variability, cycle time and its variability, cadence, and speed were calculated from motion data collected with a motion capture suit equipped with 17 inertial measurement units. A total of 300 FOG episodes occurred in 19 out of 25 participants. There were no statistically significant differences in number of FOG episodes and percentage of time spent on FOG across the five conditions. The conventional bars increased stride length, cycle time, and stride length variability, while decreasing cadence and speed. No effects for the other conditions were found. Participants preferred the metronome most, and the augmented staircase least. They suggested to improve the comfort, esthetics, usability, field of view, and stability of the smart glasses on the head and to reduce their weight and size. In their current form, augmented visual cues delivered by smart glasses are not beneficial for persons with PD and FOG. This could be attributable to distraction, blockage of visual feedback, insufficient familiarization with the smart glasses, or display of the visual cues in the central rather than peripheral visual field. Future smart glasses are required to be more lightweight, comfortable, and user friendly to avoid distraction and blockage of sensory feedback, thus increasing usability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Janssen
- Biomedical Signal and Systems Group, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Benjamin Bolte
- Biomedical Signal and Systems Group, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands
| | - Jorik Nonnekes
- Biomedical Signal and Systems Group, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands.,Department of Rehabilitation, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Marian Bittner
- Biomedical Signal and Systems Group, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan R Bloem
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Tjitske Heida
- Biomedical Signal and Systems Group, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands
| | - Yan Zhao
- Biomedical Signal and Systems Group, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands
| | - Richard J A van Wezel
- Biomedical Signal and Systems Group, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands.,Department of Biophysics, Donders Institute of Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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18
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Keshavarz B, Speck M, Haycock B, Berti S. Effect of Different Display Types on Vection and Its Interaction With Motion Direction and Field Dependence. Iperception 2017; 8:2041669517707768. [PMID: 28515866 PMCID: PMC5423592 DOI: 10.1177/2041669517707768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Illusory self-motion (vection) can be generated by visual stimulation. The purpose of the present study was to compare behavioral vection measures including intensity ratings, duration, and onset time across different visual display types. Participants were exposed to a pattern of alternating black-and-white horizontal or vertical bars that moved either in vertical or horizontal direction, respectively. Stimuli were presented on four types of displays in randomized order: (a) large field of view dome projection, (b) combination of three computer screens, (c) single computer screen, (d) large field of view flat projection screen. A Computer Rod and Frame Test was used to measure field dependence, a cognitive style indicating the person’s tendency to rely on external cues (i.e., field dependent) or internal cues (i.e., field independent) with respect to the perception of one’s body position in space. Results revealed that all four displays successfully generated at least moderately strong vection. However, shortest vection onset, longest vection duration, and strongest vection intensity showed for the dome projection and the combination of three screens. This effect was further pronounced in field independent participants, indicating that field dependence can alter vection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behrang Keshavarz
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute - University Health Network (UHN), iDAPT, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Martina Speck
- Department of Psychology, Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Bruce Haycock
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute - University Health Network (UHN), iDAPT, Toronto, ON, Canada; University of Toronto, Institute for Aerospace Studies, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stefan Berti
- Department of Psychology, Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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19
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Palmisano S, Barry RJ, De Blasio FM, Fogarty JS. Identifying Objective EEG Based Markers of Linear Vection in Depth. Front Psychol 2016; 7:1205. [PMID: 27559328 PMCID: PMC4979253 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This proof-of-concept study investigated whether a time-frequency EEG approach could be used to examine vection (i.e., illusions of self-motion). In the main experiment, we compared the event-related spectral perturbation (ERSP) data of 10 observers during and directly after repeated exposures to two different types of optic flow display (each was 35° wide by 29° high and provided 20 s of motion stimulation). Displays consisted of either a vection display (which simulated constant velocity forward self-motion in depth) or a control display (a spatially scrambled version of the vection display). ERSP data were decomposed using time-frequency Principal Components Analysis (t–f PCA). We found an increase in 10 Hz alpha activity, peaking some 14 s after display motion commenced, which was positively associated with stronger vection ratings. This followed decreases in beta activity, and was also followed by a decrease in delta activity; these decreases in EEG amplitudes were negatively related to the intensity of the vection experience. After display motion ceased, a series of increases in the alpha band also correlated with vection intensity, and appear to reflect vection- and/or motion-aftereffects, as well as later cognitive preparation for reporting the strength of the vection experience. Overall, these findings provide support for the notion that EEG can be used to provide objective markers of changes in both vection status (i.e., “vection/no vection”) and vection strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Palmisano
- Centre for Psychophysics, Psychophysiology, and Psychopharmacology, University of WollongongWollongong, NSW, Australia; School of Psychology, University of WollongongWollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Robert J Barry
- Centre for Psychophysics, Psychophysiology, and Psychopharmacology, University of WollongongWollongong, NSW, Australia; School of Psychology, University of WollongongWollongong, NSW, Australia; Brain & Behaviour Research Institute, School of Psychology, University of WollongongWollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Frances M De Blasio
- Centre for Psychophysics, Psychophysiology, and Psychopharmacology, University of WollongongWollongong, NSW, Australia; School of Psychology, University of WollongongWollongong, NSW, Australia; Brain & Behaviour Research Institute, School of Psychology, University of WollongongWollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Jack S Fogarty
- Centre for Psychophysics, Psychophysiology, and Psychopharmacology, University of WollongongWollongong, NSW, Australia; School of Psychology, University of WollongongWollongong, NSW, Australia; Brain & Behaviour Research Institute, School of Psychology, University of WollongongWollongong, NSW, Australia
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20
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Stróżak P, Francuz P, Augustynowicz P, Ratomska M, Fudali-Czyż A, Bałaj B. ERPs in an oddball task under vection-inducing visual stimulation. Exp Brain Res 2016; 234:3473-3482. [PMID: 27488367 PMCID: PMC5097106 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-016-4748-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The neural mechanisms underlying the vection illusion are not fully understood. A few studies have analyzed visually evoked potentials or event-related potentials (ERPs) when participants were exposed to vection-inducing stimulation. However, none of them tested how such stimulation influences the brain activity during performance of the simultaneous visual task. In the present study, ERPs were recorded while subjects (N = 19) performed a discrimination oddball task. Two stimuli (O or X) were presented on the background of central and peripheral visual fields consisting of altered black and white vertical stripes that were stationary or moving horizontally. Three different combinations of these fields were created: (1) both center and periphery stationary (control condition), (2) both center and periphery moving, (3) center stationary and periphery moving. Mean reaction times to targets were shortest in the control condition. The amplitudes of P1 and N2 at occipital locations, and the amplitude of P3 at frontal, central, and parietal locations, were attenuated, and the P3 exhibited longer peak latency when both central and peripheral visual fields were moving. These potentials reflect initial sensory processing and the degree of attention required for processing visual stimuli and performing the task. Our findings suggest that the integration of central and peripheral moving visual fields enhances the vection illusion and slows down reaction times to targets in the oddball task and disrupts the magnitude of electrophysiological responses to targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Stróżak
- Department of Experimental Psychology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Al. Racławickie 14, 20-950, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Piotr Francuz
- Department of Experimental Psychology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Al. Racławickie 14, 20-950, Lublin, Poland
| | - Paweł Augustynowicz
- Faculty of Economics, Maria Curie Skłodowska University in Lublin, Plac Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej 5, 20-031, Lublin, Poland
| | - Marta Ratomska
- Department of Experimental Psychology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Al. Racławickie 14, 20-950, Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Fudali-Czyż
- Department of Experimental Psychology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Al. Racławickie 14, 20-950, Lublin, Poland
| | - Bibianna Bałaj
- Faculty of Humanities, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, ul. Gagarina 11, 87-100, Toruń, Poland
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21
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Vilhelmsen K, van der Weel FRR, van der Meer ALH. A high-density EEG study of differences between three high speeds of simulated forward motion from optic flow in adult participants. Front Syst Neurosci 2015; 9:146. [PMID: 26578903 PMCID: PMC4620151 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2015.00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A high-density EEG study was conducted to investigate evoked and oscillatory brain activity in response to high speeds of simulated forward motion. Participants were shown an optic flow pattern consisting of a virtual road with moving poles at either side of it, simulating structured forward motion at different driving speeds (25, 50, and 75 km/h) with a static control condition between each motion condition. Significant differences in N2 latencies and peak amplitudes between the three speeds of visual motion were found in parietal channels of interest P3 and P4. As motion speed increased, peak latency increased while peak amplitude decreased which might indicate that higher driving speeds are perceived as more demanding resulting in longer latencies, and as fewer neurons in the motion sensitive areas of the adult brain appear to be attuned to such high visual speeds this could explain the observed inverse relationship between speed and amplitude. In addition, significant differences between alpha de-synchronizations for forward motion and alpha synchronizations in the static condition were found in the parietal midline (PM) source. It was suggested that the alpha de-synchronizations reflect an activated state related to the visual processing of simulated forward motion, whereas the alpha synchronizations in response to the static condition reflect a deactivated resting period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Vilhelmsen
- Developmental Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim, Norway
| | - F R Ruud van der Weel
- Developmental Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim, Norway
| | - Audrey L H van der Meer
- Developmental Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim, Norway
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22
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Keshavarz B, Campos JL, Berti S. Vection lies in the brain of the beholder: EEG parameters as an objective measurement of vection. Front Psychol 2015; 6:1581. [PMID: 26528226 PMCID: PMC4602099 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Behrang Keshavarz
- Intelligent Design for Adaptation, Participation and Technology Centre for Rehabilitation Research, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer L Campos
- Intelligent Design for Adaptation, Participation and Technology Centre for Rehabilitation Research, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network Toronto, ON, Canada ; Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stefan Berti
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Neuropsychology, Institute for Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz Mainz, Germany
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23
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Riecke BE, Feuereissen D, Rieser JJ, McNamara TP. More than a cool illusion? Functional significance of self-motion illusion (circular vection) for perspective switches. Front Psychol 2015; 6:1174. [PMID: 26321989 PMCID: PMC4531211 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-motion can facilitate perspective switches and “automatic spatial updating” and help reduce disorientation in applications like virtual reality (VR). However, providing physical motion through moving-base motion simulators or free-space walking areas comes with high cost and technical complexity. This study provides first evidence that merely experiencing an embodied illusion of self-motion (“circular vection”) can provide similar behavioral benefits as actual self-motion: Blindfolded participants were asked to imagine facing new perspectives in a well-learned room, and point to previously learned objects. Merely imagining perspective switches while stationary yielded worst performance. When perceiving illusory self-rotation to the novel perspective, however, performance improved significantly and yielded performance similar to actual rotation. Circular vection was induced by combining rotating sound fields (“auditory vection”) and biomechanical vection from stepping along a carrousel-like rotating floor platter. In sum, illusory self-motion indeed facilitated perspective switches and thus spatial orientation, similar to actual self-motion, thus providing first compelling evidence of the functional significance and behavioral relevance of vection. This could ultimately enable us to complement the prevailing introspective vection measures with behavioral indicators, and guide the design for more affordable yet effective VR simulators that intelligently employ multi-modal self-motion illusions to reduce the need for costly physical observer motion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard E Riecke
- Space Lab, School of Interactive Arts and Technology, Simon Fraser University, Surrey Campus Surrey, Canada ; Cognitive Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby Campus Burnaby, Canada ; Psychological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Daniel Feuereissen
- Space Lab, School of Interactive Arts and Technology, Simon Fraser University, Surrey Campus Surrey, Canada ; Psychological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Nashville, TN, USA
| | - John J Rieser
- Psychological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Timothy P McNamara
- Department of Psychology, Psychological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Nashville, TN, USA
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24
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Keshavarz B, Riecke BE, Hettinger LJ, Campos JL. Vection and visually induced motion sickness: how are they related? Front Psychol 2015; 6:472. [PMID: 25941509 PMCID: PMC4403286 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of visually induced motion sickness has been frequently linked to the sensation of illusory self-motion (vection), however, the precise nature of this relationship is still not fully understood. To date, it is still a matter of debate as to whether vection is a necessary prerequisite for visually induced motion sickness (VIMS). That is, can there be VIMS without any sensation of self-motion? In this paper, we will describe the possible nature of this relationship, review the literature that addresses this relationship (including theoretical accounts of vection and VIMS), and offer suggestions with respect to operationally defining and reporting these phenomena in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behrang Keshavarz
- Intelligent Design for Adaptation, Participation and Technology (iDAPT), Research Department, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network , Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Bernhard E Riecke
- School of Interactive Arts and Technology, Simon Fraser University , Surrey, BC, Canada
| | - Lawrence J Hettinger
- Center for Behavioral Sciences, Liberty Mutual Research Institute for Safety , Hopkinton, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer L Campos
- Intelligent Design for Adaptation, Participation and Technology (iDAPT), Research Department, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network , Toronto, ON, Canada ; Department of Psychology, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON, Canada
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25
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Palmisano S, Allison RS, Schira MM, Barry RJ. Future challenges for vection research: definitions, functional significance, measures, and neural bases. Front Psychol 2015; 6:193. [PMID: 25774143 PMCID: PMC4342884 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper discusses four major challenges facing modern vection research. Challenge 1 (Defining Vection) outlines the different ways that vection has been defined in the literature and discusses their theoretical and experimental ramifications. The term vection is most often used to refer to visual illusions of self-motion induced in stationary observers (by moving, or simulating the motion of, the surrounding environment). However, vection is increasingly being used to also refer to non-visual illusions of self-motion, visually mediated self-motion perceptions, and even general subjective experiences (i.e., “feelings”) of self-motion. The common thread in all of these definitions is the conscious subjective experience of self-motion. Thus, Challenge 2 (Significance of Vection) tackles the crucial issue of whether such conscious experiences actually serve functional roles during self-motion (e.g., in terms of controlling or guiding the self-motion). After more than 100 years of vection research there has been surprisingly little investigation into its functional significance. Challenge 3 (Vection Measures) discusses the difficulties with existing subjective self-report measures of vection (particularly in the context of contemporary research), and proposes several more objective measures of vection based on recent empirical findings. Finally, Challenge 4 (Neural Basis) reviews the recent neuroimaging literature examining the neural basis of vection and discusses the hurdles still facing these investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Palmisano
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Robert S Allison
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, York University Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mark M Schira
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Robert J Barry
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong Wollongong, NSW, Australia
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