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Ghasemian-Shirvan E, Mosayebi-Samani M, Farnad L, Kuo MF, Meesen RL, Nitsche MA. Age-dependent non-linear neuroplastic effects of cathodal tDCS in the elderly population; a titration study. Brain Stimul 2022; 15:296-305. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2022.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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2
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Liu Y, Liu Y, Guo Y, Xu L, Wang H. Phlorizin exerts potent effects against aging induced by D-galactose in mice and PC12 cells. Food Funct 2021; 12:2148-2160. [PMID: 33565551 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02707c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Phlorizin is the main active ingredient of apple peel and has potential utilization value. Some recent studies have suggested that phlorizin may have antioxidant capacity and protect the liver. The injection of a low dose of d-galactose can cause some changes that resemble accelerated aging in mice. This study explored the protective effects of phlorizin on d-galactose-induced mice and PC12 cells. In this study, ICR mice were divided into a normal group (NOR), a d-galactose model group (d-gal) and phlorizin treatment groups (100 mg kg-1, 200 mg kg-1 and 400 mg kg-1). In addition to the NOR group, four other groups were injected with d-galactose (120 mg kg-1) for 12 weeks. The results showed that phlorizin reduced the decline of strength, coordination and spatial memory caused by aging, increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), increased total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and reduced the content of malondialdehyde (MDA). On the other hand, phlorizin increased the levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and acetylcholine (ACh), reduced the release of interleukin-6 (IL-6), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and decreased the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the brain, improved the expression of antioxidant genes related to the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway, and reduced the occurrence of morphological lesions in the hippocampus and liver. In addition, phlorizin improved cell viability and reduced the cytotoxicity of d-galactose-induced oxidative stress in PC12 cells. Meanwhile, the protective effect of phlorizin was abolished in Nrf2 gene knockdown PC12 cells. Furthermore, molecular docking showed that phlorizin could bind Keap1 protein, which can interact with Nrf2 protein. Therefore, these results suggest that phlorizin may delay senescence and enhance antioxidant capacity through the Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaojie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Yatu Guo
- Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Pathology Department, Tianjin Municipal Public Security Hospital, Tianjin 300042, China
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
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Gyengesi E, Rangel A, Ullah F, Liang H, Niedermayer G, Asgarov R, Venigalla M, Gunawardena D, Karl T, Münch G. Chronic Microglial Activation in the GFAP-IL6 Mouse Contributes to Age-Dependent Cerebellar Volume Loss and Impairment in Motor Function. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:303. [PMID: 31001075 PMCID: PMC6456818 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic microglial activation is a prominent feature of many chronic neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease. To investigate the effects of chronic microglial activation on cerebellar structure and motor function throughout the lifespan, the transgenic GFAP-IL6 mouse model was used. The aim of the study was to examine inflammatory markers and neuronal degeneration while simultaneously characterizing the motor performance of GFAP-IL6 mice at 3, 6, 14, and 24 months of age in comparison to WT (C57BL/6) mice. In respect to markers of neuroinflammation in the cerebellum, increased numbers of Iba1+ microglia were observed as early as at 3 months of age. In addition, TNF-α levels proved to be significantly higher in the GFAP-IL6 compared to WT mice at all time points. A difference in cerebellar volume between the GFAP-IL6 and WT mice was observed later in life, starting at 6 months and increasing to a loss of about 50% in aged (24 months old) GFAP-IL6 mice. Synaptic deficits were also assessed by using pre- (synaptophysin) and post-synaptic (PSD95) markers. While synaptophysin levels remained unchanged, PSD95 levels decreased in the aging GFAP-IL6 mice compared to their WT littermates from 14 months onward. To assess the effect of microglia activation and neurodegeneration on behavior, a variety of motor function tests, semi-quantitative cerebellar ataxia score, accelerod, beam walking, and open field tests were performed. An age-dependent difference between the genotypes was observed in many of the motor function tests. For example, reduced performance on the accelerod and higher ataxia scores were observed at 6 months of age, followed by the beam walking test showing differences at 14 months of age. In summary, this study constitutes a comprehensive, age-dependent examination of inflammatory, synaptic and neurodegenerative changes in the brains of GFAP-IL6 mice leading to a deterioration in motor performance. The results also indicate that early chronic microglia activation in the GFAP-IL6 mouse leads to observable cerebellar volume loss and motor deficits later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Gyengesi
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia.,NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Alejandra Rangel
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Faheem Ullah
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Huazheng Liang
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia.,Department of Neurology, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Garry Niedermayer
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Rustam Asgarov
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Madhuri Venigalla
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Dhanushka Gunawardena
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Tim Karl
- Behavioral Neuroscience Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Gerald Münch
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia.,NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
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4
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Lores-Arnaiz S, Lombardi P, Karadayian A, Cutrera R, Bustamante J. Changes in motor function and brain cortex mitochondrial active oxygen species production in aged mice. Exp Gerontol 2019; 118:88-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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5
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Rivera-Oliver M, Moreno E, Álvarez-Bagnarol Y, Ayala-Santiago C, Cruz-Reyes N, Molina-Castro GC, Clemens S, Canela EI, Ferré S, Casadó V, Díaz-Ríos M. Adenosine A 1-Dopamine D 1 Receptor Heteromers Control the Excitability of the Spinal Motoneuron. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:797-811. [PMID: 29797183 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1120-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
While the role of the ascending dopaminergic system in brain function and dysfunction has been a subject of extensive research, the role of the descending dopaminergic system in spinal cord function and dysfunction is just beginning to be understood. Adenosine plays a key role in the inhibitory control of the ascending dopaminergic system, largely dependent on functional complexes of specific subtypes of adenosine and dopamine receptors. Combining a selective destabilizing peptide strategy with a proximity ligation assay and patch-clamp electrophysiology in slices from male mouse lumbar spinal cord, the present study demonstrates the existence of adenosine A1-dopamine D1 receptor heteromers in the spinal motoneuron by which adenosine tonically inhibits D1 receptor-mediated signaling. A1-D1 receptor heteromers play a significant control of the motoneuron excitability, represent main targets for the excitatory effects of caffeine in the spinal cord and can constitute new targets for the pharmacological therapy after spinal cord injury, motor aging-associated disorders and restless legs syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marla Rivera-Oliver
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology and Institute of Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences, Rio Piedras and Cayey Campuses, San Juan, 00936, Puerto Rico
| | - Estefanía Moreno
- Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases Network (CIBERNED) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yocasta Álvarez-Bagnarol
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology and Institute of Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences, Rio Piedras and Cayey Campuses, San Juan, 00936, Puerto Rico
| | - Christian Ayala-Santiago
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology and Institute of Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences, Rio Piedras and Cayey Campuses, San Juan, 00936, Puerto Rico
| | - Nicole Cruz-Reyes
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology and Institute of Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences, Rio Piedras and Cayey Campuses, San Juan, 00936, Puerto Rico
| | - Gian Carlo Molina-Castro
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology and Institute of Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences, Rio Piedras and Cayey Campuses, San Juan, 00936, Puerto Rico
| | - Stefan Clemens
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - Enric I Canela
- Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases Network (CIBERNED) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Ferré
- Integrative Neurobiology Section, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Triad Technology Building, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
| | - Vicent Casadó
- Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases Network (CIBERNED) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Díaz-Ríos
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology and Institute of Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences, Rio Piedras and Cayey Campuses, San Juan, 00936, Puerto Rico
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Le Brazidec M, Herrel A, Thomas P, Grégoire BA, Aujard F, Pouydebat E. How Aging Affects Grasping Behavior and Pull Strength in Captive Gray Mouse Lemurs (Microcebus murinus). INT J PRIMATOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10764-017-0001-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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7
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Resveratrol and pinostilbene confer neuroprotection against aging-related deficits through an ERK1/2-dependent mechanism. J Nutr Biochem 2017; 54:77-86. [PMID: 29268122 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Age-related declines in motor function may be due, in part, to an increase in oxidative stress in the aging brain leading to dopamine (DA) neuronal cell death. In this study, we examined the neuroprotective effects of natural antioxidants resveratrol and pinostilbene against age-related DAergic cell death and motor dysfunction using SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells and young, middle-aged, and old male C57BL/6 mice. Resveratrol and pinostilbene protected SH-SY5Y cells from a DA-induced decrease in cell viability. Dietary supplementation with resveratrol and pinostilbene inhibited the decline of motor function observed with age. While DA and its metabolites (DOPAC and HVA), dopamine transporter, and tyrosine hydroxylase levels remain unchanged during aging or treatment, resveratrol and pinostilbene increased ERK1/2 activation in vitro and in vivo in an age-dependent manner. Inhibition of ERK1/2 in SH-SY5Y cells decreased the protective effects of both compounds. These data suggest that resveratrol and pinostilbene alleviate age-related motor decline via the promotion of DA neuronal survival and activation of the ERK1/2 pathways.
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Mitchell NC, Koek W, Daws LC. Antidepressant-like effects and basal immobility depend on age and serotonin transporter genotype. GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2016; 14:543-549. [PMID: 26250357 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Monoamine uptake inhibitors are common treatments for depression; however, the therapeutic efficacy of these drugs varies widely. Two factors that are commonly linked to clinical outcome are age and serotonin transporter (SERT) genotype. Mouse models provide powerful tools to study consequences of age and genotype on antidepressant-like efficacy; however, to date, systematic studies of this nature are lacking. Here, we used the tail suspension test (TST), a preclinical assay for antidepressant efficacy, to gain insight into age and SERT genotype dependency of immobility time in the TST under control conditions (saline injection) and in response to the tricyclic antidepressant, desipramine (DMI). Immobility after saline injection in juvenile, adolescent, adult, mature adult and middle-aged mice (postnatal days 21, 28, 90, 210 and 300, respectively) significantly increased with age; however, the rate of increase was slower for SERT null (-/-) mice than for wild-type (+/+) or heterozygote (+/-) mice. Desipramine reduced immobility across ages and SERT genotypes. Middle-aged, but not adult, SERT(-/-) mice were significantly more sensitive to DMI than age-matched SERT(+/+) or SERT(+/-) mice. Desipramine was less potent in middle-aged SERT(+/+) and SERT(+/-) mice than in adult SERT(+/+) or SERT(+/-) mice. Regardless of age, DMI's maximal effects were greater in SERT(-/-) mice than in SERT(+/+) or SERT(+/-) mice. These results show that immobility time in the TST varies as a function of age and SERT genotype, underscoring the utility of the TST as a potential model to examine age- and SERT genotype-dependent influences on antidepressant response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan C Mitchell
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Wouter Koek
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Lynette C Daws
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Martín-Aragón S, Villar Á, Benedí J. Age-dependent effects of esculetin on mood-related behavior and cognition from stressed mice are associated with restoring brain antioxidant status. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2016; 65:1-16. [PMID: 26290950 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2015.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Dietary antioxidants might exert an important role in the aging process by relieving oxidative damage, a likely cause of age-associated brain dysfunctions. This study aims to investigate the influence of esculetin (6,7-dihydroxycoumarin), a naturally occurring antioxidant in the diet, on mood-related behaviors and cognitive function and its relation with age and brain oxidative damage. Behavioral tests were employed in 11-, 17- and 22-month-old male C57BL/6J mice upon an oral 35day-esculetin treatment (25mg/kg). Activity of antioxidant enzymes, GSH and GSSG levels, GSH/GSSG ratio, and mitochondrial function were analyzed in brain cortex at the end of treatment in order to assess the oxidative status related to mouse behavior. Esculetin treatment attenuated the increased immobility time and enhanced the diminished climbing time in the forced swim task elicited by acute restraint stress (ARS) in the 11- and 17-month-old mice versus their counterpart controls. Furthermore, ARS caused an impairment of contextual memory in the step-through passive avoidance both in mature adult and aged mice which was partially reversed by esculetin only in the 11-month-old mice. Esculetin was effective to prevent the ARS-induced oxidative stress mostly in mature adult mice by restoring antioxidant enzyme activities, augmenting the GSH/GSSG ratio and increasing cytochrome c oxidase (COX) activity in cortex. Modulation of the mood-related behavior and cognitive function upon esculetin treatment in a mouse model of ARS depends on age and is partly due to the enhancement of redox status and levels of COX activity in cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagrario Martín-Aragón
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ángel Villar
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juana Benedí
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Keeler BE, Lallemand P, Patel MM, de Castro Brás LE, Clemens S. Opposing aging-related shift of excitatory dopamine D1 and inhibitory D3 receptor protein expression in striatum and spinal cord. J Neurophysiol 2015; 115:363-9. [PMID: 26561599 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00390.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Normal aging is associated with a decrease in motor function, a concomitant increase in muscle stiffness and tone, and a decrease in dopamine (DA) levels in the spinal cord. The striatum plays a critical role in the control of motor function, and it receives strong DA innervation from the substantia nigra. However, locomotor activity also requires the activation of motoneurons in the lumbar spinal cord, which in the mouse express all five DA receptor subtypes (D1-D5). Of these, the D3 receptor (D3R) expresses the highest affinity to DA and mediates inhibitory actions, while activation of the lower-affinity D1 receptor (D1R) system promotes excitatory effects. To test whether the aging-related decrease in DA levels is associated with corresponding changes in DA receptor protein expression levels, we probed with Western blot and immunohistochemical techniques for D1R and D3R protein expression levels over the normal life span of the mouse. We found that with age D1R expression levels increased in both striatum and spinal cord, while D3R expression levels remained stable in the striatum or slightly decreased in the spinal cord. The resulting D1-to-D3 ratio indicates a strong upregulation of D1R-mediated pathways in old animals, which is particularly pronounced in the lumbar spinal cord. These data suggest that aging may be associated with a shift in DA-mediated pathways in striatum and spinal cord, which in turn could be an underlying factor in the emergence of aging- and DA-related motor dysfunctions such as Parkinson's disease or Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin E Keeler
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Perrine Lallemand
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Mukund M Patel
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Lisandra E de Castro Brás
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Stefan Clemens
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
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