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Chakraborty N, Gautam A, Muhie S, Miller SA, Meyerhoff J, Sowe B, Jett M, Hammamieh R. Potential roles of polyunsaturated fatty acid-enriched diets in modulating social stress-like features. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 116:109309. [PMID: 36871836 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Fish oil or its major constituents, namely omega-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acid (n3-PUFA), are popular supplements to improve neurogenesis, neuroprotection, and overall brain functions. Our objective was to probe the implications of fat enriched diet with variable PUFAs supplements in ameliorating social stress (SS). We fed mice on either of the three diet types, namely the n-3 PUFA-enriched diet (ERD, n3:n6= 7:1), a balanced diet (BLD, n3:n6= 1:1) or a standard lab diet (STD, n3:n6= 1:6). With respect to the gross fat contents, the customized special diets, namely ERD and BLD were extreme diet, not reflecting the typical human dietary composition. Aggressor-exposed SS (Agg-E SS) model triggered behavioral deficiencies that lingered for 6 weeks (6w) post-stress in mice on STD. ERD and BLD elevated bodyweights but potentially helped in building the behavioral resilience to SS. STD adversely affected the gene networks of brain transcriptomics associated with the cell mortality, energy homeostasis and neurodevelopment disorder. Diverging from the ERD's influences on these networks, BLD showed potential long-term benefits in combatting Agg-E SS. The gene networks linked to cell mortality and energy homeostasis, and their subfamilies, such as cerebral disorder and obesity remained at the baseline level of Agg-E SS mice on BLD 6w post-stress. Moreover, neurodevelopment disorder network and its subfamilies like behavioral deficits remained inhibited in the cohort fed on BLD 6w post Agg-E SS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabarun Chakraborty
- Medical Readiness Systems Biology, CMPN, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.
| | - Aarti Gautam
- Medical Readiness Systems Biology, CMPN, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Seid Muhie
- Medical Readiness Systems Biology, CMPN, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA; Geneva Foundation, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Stacy-Ann Miller
- Medical Readiness Systems Biology, CMPN, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - James Meyerhoff
- Medical Readiness Systems Biology, CMPN, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA; Geneva Foundation, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Bintu Sowe
- Medical Readiness Systems Biology, CMPN, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA; Geneva Foundation, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Marti Jett
- Medical Readiness Systems Biology, CMPN, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Rasha Hammamieh
- Medical Readiness Systems Biology, CMPN, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
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Pearce SC, Karl JP, Zachos NC. Editorial: Host-Microbiome Interactions and Influence on Performance During Acute Environmental, Nutritional, Physical, and Cognitive Stress, Volume II. Front Physiol 2022; 13:894922. [PMID: 35464094 PMCID: PMC9026179 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.894922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah C. Pearce
- National Laboratory for Agriculture and the Environment, USDA-ARS, Ames, IA, United States
- *Correspondence: Sarah C. Pearce,
| | - J. Philip Karl
- Military Nutrition Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, United States
| | - Nicholas C. Zachos
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Hoke A, Chakraborty N, Gautam A, Hammamieh R, Jett M. Acute and Delayed Effects of Stress Eliciting Post-Traumatic Stress-Like Disorder Differentially Alters Fecal Microbiota Composition in a Male Mouse Model. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:810815. [PMID: 35300376 PMCID: PMC8921487 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.810815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between the shift in fecal resident microbiome and social conflicts with long-term consequences on psychological plasticity, such as the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), is yet to be comprehended. We developed an aggressor-exposed (Agg-E) social stress (SS) mouse model to mimic warzone-like conflicts, where random life-threatening interactions took place between naïve intruder mice and aggressive resident mice. Gradually these Agg-E mice developed distinct characteristics simulating PTSD-like aspects, whereas the control mice not exposed to Agg-E SS demonstrated distinct phenotypes. To further investigate the role of Agg-E SS on the resident microbiome, 16S rRNA gene sequencing was assayed using fecal samples collected at pre-, during, and post-SS time points. A time agonist shift in the fecal microbial composition of Agg-E mice in contrast to its controls suggested a persistent impact of Agg-E SS on resident microbiota. At the taxonomic level, Agg-E SS caused a significant shift in the time-resolved ratios of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes abundance. Furthermore, Agg-E SS caused diverging shifts in the relative abundances of Verrucomicrobia and Actinobacteria. An in silico estimation of genomic potential identified a potentially perturbed cluster of bioenergetic networks, which became increasingly enriched with time since the termination of Agg-E SS. Supported by a growing number of studies, our results indicated the roles of the microbiome in a wide range of phenotypes that could mimic the comorbidities of PTSD, which would be directly influenced by energy deficiency. Together, the present work suggested the fecal microbiome as a potential tool to manage long-term effects of social conflicts, including the management of PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Hoke
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- Medical Readiness Systems Biology Branch, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience Research (CMPN), Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR), Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Nabarun Chakraborty
- Medical Readiness Systems Biology Branch, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience Research (CMPN), Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR), Silver Spring, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: Nabarun Chakraborty, ; Aarti Gautam,
| | - Aarti Gautam
- Medical Readiness Systems Biology Branch, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience Research (CMPN), Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR), Silver Spring, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: Nabarun Chakraborty, ; Aarti Gautam,
| | - Rasha Hammamieh
- Medical Readiness Systems Biology Branch, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience Research (CMPN), Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR), Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Marti Jett
- Medical Readiness Systems Biology Branch, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience Research (CMPN), Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR), Silver Spring, MD, United States
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Chakraborty N, Hammamieh R, Gautam A, Miller SA, Condlin ML, Jett M, Scrimgeour AG. TBI weight-drop model with variable impact heights differentially perturbs hippocampus-cerebellum specific transcriptomic profile. Exp Neurol 2020; 335:113516. [PMID: 33172833 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The degree of brain injury is the governing factor for the magnitude of the patient's psycho- and physiological deficits post-injury, and the associated long-term consequences. The present scaling method used to segregate the patients among mild, moderate and severe phases of traumatic brain injury (TBI) has major limitations; however, a more continuous stratification of TBI is still elusive. With the anticipation that differentiating molecular markers could be the backbone of a robust method to triage TBI, we used a modified closed-head injury (CHI) Marmarou model with two impact heights (IH). By definition, IH directly correlates with the impact force causing TBI. In our modified CHI model, the rat skull was fitted with a helmet to permit a diffuse axonal injury. With the frontal cortex as the focal point of injury, the adjacent brain regions (hippocampus, HC and cerebellum, CB) were susceptible to diffuse secondary shock injury. At 8 days post injury (po.i.), rats impacted by 120 cm IH (IH120) took a longer time to find an escape route in the Barnes maze as compared to those impacted by 100 cm IH (IH100). Using a time-resolved interrogation of the transcriptomic landscape of HC and CB tissues, we mined those genes that altered their regulations in correlation with the variable IHs. At 14 days po.i., when all rats demonstrated nearly normal visuomotor performance, the bio-functional analysis suggested an advanced healing mechanism in the HC of IH100 group. In contrast, the HC of IH120 group displayed a delayed healing with evidence of active cell death networks. Combining whole genome rat microarrays with behavioral analysis provided the insight of neuroprotective signals that could be the foundation of the next generation triage for TBI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabarun Chakraborty
- Geneva Foundation, Medical Readiness Systems Biology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, United States of America; Medical Readiness Systems Biology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, United States of America.
| | - Rasha Hammamieh
- Medical Readiness Systems Biology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, United States of America
| | - Aarti Gautam
- Medical Readiness Systems Biology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, United States of America
| | - Stacy-Ann Miller
- Medical Readiness Systems Biology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, United States of America; ORISE, Medical Readiness Systems Biology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, United States of America
| | - Michelle L Condlin
- Military Nutrition Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, 10 General Greene Ave, Bldg 42, Natick, MA 01760, United States of America
| | - Marti Jett
- Medical Readiness Systems Biology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, United States of America
| | - Angus G Scrimgeour
- Military Nutrition Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, 10 General Greene Ave, Bldg 42, Natick, MA 01760, United States of America
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Whole-genome DNA methylation status associated with clinical PTSD measures of OIF/OEF veterans. Transl Psychiatry 2017; 7:e1169. [PMID: 28696412 PMCID: PMC5538114 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2017.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging knowledge suggests that post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) pathophysiology is linked to the patients' epigenetic changes, but comprehensive studies examining genome-wide methylation have not been performed. In this study, we examined genome-wide DNA methylation in peripheral whole blood in combat veterans with and without PTSD to ascertain differentially methylated probes. Discovery was initially made in a training sample comprising 48 male Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF)/Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) veterans with PTSD and 51 age/ethnicity/gender-matched combat-exposed PTSD-negative controls. Agilent whole-genome array detected ~5600 differentially methylated CpG islands (CpGI) annotated to ~2800 differently methylated genes (DMGs). The majority (84.5%) of these CpGIs were hypermethylated in the PTSD cases. Functional analysis was performed using the DMGs encoding the promoter-bound CpGIs to identify networks related to PTSD. The identified networks were further validated by an independent test set comprising 31 PTSD+/29 PTSD- veterans. Targeted bisulfite sequencing was also used to confirm the methylation status of 20 DMGs shown to be highly perturbed in the training set. To improve the statistical power and mitigate the assay bias and batch effects, a union set combining both training and test set was assayed using a different platform from Illumina. The pathways curated from this analysis confirmed 65% of the pool of pathways mined from training and test sets. The results highlight the importance of assay methodology and use of independent samples for discovery and validation of differentially methylated genes mined from whole blood. Nonetheless, the current study demonstrates that several important epigenetically altered networks may distinguish combat-exposed veterans with and without PTSD.
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Muhie S, Gautam A, Chakraborty N, Hoke A, Meyerhoff J, Hammamieh R, Jett M. Molecular indicators of stress-induced neuroinflammation in a mouse model simulating features of post-traumatic stress disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2017; 7:e1135. [PMID: 28534873 PMCID: PMC5534959 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2017.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A social-stress mouse model was used to simulate features of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The model involved exposure of an intruder (male C57BL/6) mouse to a resident aggressor (male SJL) mouse for 5 or 10 consecutive days. Transcriptome changes in brain regions (hippocampus, amygdala, medial prefrontal cortex and hemibrain), blood and spleen as well as epigenome changes in the hemibrain were assayed after 1- and 10-day intervals following the 5-day trauma or after 1- and 42-day intervals following the 10-day trauma. Analyses of differentially expressed genes (common among brain, blood and spleen) and differentially methylated promoter regions revealed that neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity pathways were activated during the early responses but were inhibited after the later post-trauma intervals. However, inflammatory pathways were activated throughout the observation periods, except in the amygdala in which they were inhibited only at the later post-trauma intervals. Phenotypically, inhibition of neurogenesis was corroborated by impaired Y-maze behavioral responses. Sustained neuroinflammation appears to drive the development and maintenance of behavioral manifestations of PTSD, potentially via its inhibitory effect on neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity. By contrast, peripheral inflammation seems to be directly responsible for tissue damage underpinning somatic comorbid pathologies. Identification of overlapping, differentially regulated genes and pathways between blood and brain suggests that blood could be a useful and accessible brain surrogate specimen for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Muhie
- The Geneva Foundation, Frederick, MD, USA,Advanced Academics Programs, Krieger School of Arts & Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - A Gautam
- Integrative Systems Biology, US Army Center for Environmental Health Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | | | - A Hoke
- The Geneva Foundation, Frederick, MD, USA
| | | | - R Hammamieh
- Integrative Systems Biology, US Army Center for Environmental Health Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - M Jett
- Integrative Systems Biology, US Army Center for Environmental Health Research, Frederick, MD, USA,Integrative Systems Biology, US Army Center for Environmental Health Research, 568 Doughten Drive, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702-5010, USA. E-mail:
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Chakraborty N, Meyerhoff J, Jett M, Hammamieh R. Genome to Phenome: A Systems Biology Approach to PTSD Using an Animal Model. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1598:117-154. [PMID: 28508360 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6952-4_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating illness that imposes significant emotional and financial burdens on military families. The understanding of PTSD etiology remains elusive; nonetheless, it is clear that PTSD is manifested by a cluster of symptoms including hyperarousal, reexperiencing of traumatic events, and avoidance of trauma reminders. With these characteristics in mind, several rodent models have been developed eliciting PTSD-like features. Animal models with social dimensions are of particular interest, since the social context plays a major role in the development and manifestation of PTSD.For civilians, a core trauma that elicits PTSD might be characterized by a singular life-threatening event such as a car accident. In contrast, among war veterans, PTSD might be triggered by repeated threats and a cumulative psychological burden that coalesced in the combat zone. In capturing this fundamental difference, the aggressor-exposed social stress (Agg-E SS) model imposes highly threatening conspecific trauma on naïve mice repeatedly and randomly.There is abundant evidence that suggests the potential role of genetic contributions to risk factors for PTSD. Specific observations include putatively heritable attributes of the disorder, the cited cases of atypical brain morphology, and the observed neuroendocrine shifts away from normative. Taken together, these features underscore the importance of multi-omics investigations to develop a comprehensive picture. More daunting will be the task of downstream analysis with integration of these heterogeneous genotypic and phenotypic data types to deliver putative clinical biomarkers. Researchers are advocating for a systems biology approach, which has demonstrated an increasingly robust potential for integrating multidisciplinary data. By applying a systems biology approach here, we have connected the tissue-specific molecular perturbations to the behaviors displayed by mice subjected to Agg-E SS. A molecular pattern that links the atypical fear plasticity to energy deficiency was thereby identified to be causally associated with many behavioral shifts and transformations.PTSD is a multifactorial illness sensitive to environmental influence. Accordingly, it is essential to employ the optimal animal model approximating the environmental condition that elicits PTSD-like symptoms. Integration of an optimal animal model with a systems biology approach can contribute to a more knowledge-driven and efficient next-generation care management system and, potentially, prevention of PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabarun Chakraborty
- Integrative Systems Biology, Geneva Foundation, USACEHR, 568 Doughten Drive, Fredrick, MD, 21702-5010, USA
| | - James Meyerhoff
- Integrative Systems Biology, Geneva Foundation, USACEHR, 568 Doughten Drive, Fredrick, MD, 21702-5010, USA
| | - Marti Jett
- Integrative Systems Biology, US Army Center for Environmental Health Research, USACEHR, 568 Doughten Drive, Frederick, MD, 21702-5010, USA
| | - Rasha Hammamieh
- Integrative Systems Biology, US Army Center for Environmental Health Research, USACEHR, 568 Doughten Drive, Frederick, MD, 21702-5010, USA.
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Michopoulos V, Vester A, Neigh G. Posttraumatic stress disorder: A metabolic disorder in disguise? Exp Neurol 2016; 284:220-229. [PMID: 27246996 PMCID: PMC5056806 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a heterogeneous psychiatric disorder that affects individuals exposed to trauma and is highly co-morbid with other adverse health outcomes, including cardiovascular disease and obesity. The unique pathophysiological feature of PTSD is the inability to inhibit fear responses, such that individuals suffering from PTSD re-experience traumatic memories and are unable to control psychophysiological responses to trauma-associated stimuli. However, underlying alterations in sympathetic nervous system activity, neuroendocrine systems, and metabolism associated with PTSD are similar to those present in traditional metabolic disorders, such as obesity and diabetes. The current review highlights existing clinical, translational, and preclinical data that support the notion that underneath the primary indication of impaired fear inhibition, PTSD is itself also a metabolic disorder and proposes altered function of inflammatory responses as a common underlying mechanism. The therapeutic implications of treating PTSD as a whole-body condition are significant, as targeting any underlying biological system whose activity is altered in both PTSD and metabolic disorders, (i.e. HPA axis, sympathetic nervous systems, inflammation) may elicit symptomatic relief in individuals suffering from these whole-body adverse outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Michopoulos
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States; Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Aimee Vester
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Gretchen Neigh
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States; Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA, United States; Department of Physiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States.
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Henriksen R, Johnsson M, Andersson L, Jensen P, Wright D. The domesticated brain: genetics of brain mass and brain structure in an avian species. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34031. [PMID: 27687864 PMCID: PMC5043184 DOI: 10.1038/srep34031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
As brain size usually increases with body size it has been assumed that the two are tightly constrained and evolutionary studies have therefore often been based on relative brain size (i.e. brain size proportional to body size) rather than absolute brain size. The process of domestication offers an excellent opportunity to disentangle the linkage between body and brain mass due to the extreme selection for increased body mass that has occurred. By breeding an intercross between domestic chicken and their wild progenitor, we address this relationship by simultaneously mapping the genes that control inter-population variation in brain mass and body mass. Loci controlling variation in brain mass and body mass have separate genetic architectures and are therefore not directly constrained. Genetic mapping of brain regions indicates that domestication has led to a larger body mass and to a lesser extent a larger absolute brain mass in chickens, mainly due to enlargement of the cerebellum. Domestication has traditionally been linked to brain mass regression, based on measurements of relative brain mass, which confounds the large body mass augmentation due to domestication. Our results refute this concept in the chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Henriksen
- AVIAN Behavioural Genomics and Physiology Group, IFM Biology, Linköping University, Linköping 58183, Sweden
| | - M. Johnsson
- AVIAN Behavioural Genomics and Physiology Group, IFM Biology, Linköping University, Linköping 58183, Sweden
| | - L. Andersson
- Dept of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, BMC, Husargatan 3, Uppsala 75123, Sweden
| | - P. Jensen
- AVIAN Behavioural Genomics and Physiology Group, IFM Biology, Linköping University, Linköping 58183, Sweden
| | - D. Wright
- AVIAN Behavioural Genomics and Physiology Group, IFM Biology, Linköping University, Linköping 58183, Sweden
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