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Sun M, Chen Z, Li G, Weng Y, Hou Y. Correlation between risk factors of cognitive dysfunction and blood pressure variability after acute ischemic stroke in northwest Shanghai. Int J Neurosci 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38652638 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2024.2347558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Abstract:Objective: To explore the relationship between risk factors of cognitive dysfunction and blood pressure variability after acute ischemic stroke in northwest Shanghai to establish a model for early identification of high-risk groups of cognitive dysfunction and formulation of more targeted prevention and treatment measures. Methods: Spearman test was used to evaluate the correlation between blood pressure variability and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score in patients with acute ischemic stroke and the partial regression coefficient model was constructed based on the above independent risk factors, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was described to analyze the relevant independent risk factors. Results: ROC curve analysis results showed that the clinical prediction model was significantly more effective than a single factor in predicting the risk of cognitive impairment after acute ischemic stroke in northwest Shanghai(P < 0.05). Conclusion: Cognitive dysfunction after acute ischemic stroke was closely related to high Homocysteine (Hcy) levels, high standard deviation of systolic blood pressure, previous infarction history and infarction of cognitive function area in northwest Shanghai. The prediction model based on the above factors showed satisfactory value in predicting of cognitive dysfunction risk after acute ischemic stroke and there was also the correlation between cognitive function and blood pressure variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Sun
- Shanghai Putuo Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Zhibin Chen
- Shanghai Putuo Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Guoyi Li
- Shanghai Putuo Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Yingfeng Weng
- Shanghai Putuo Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Yangbo Hou
- Shanghai Putuo Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China
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2
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Fan B, Lin J, Luo Q, Liao W, Hao C. Enriched Environment Inhibits Neurotoxic Reactive Astrocytes via JAK2-STAT3 to Promote Glutamatergic Synaptogenesis and Cognitive Improvement in Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion Rats. Neurotox Res 2024; 42:22. [PMID: 38564082 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-024-00704-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) is a primary contributor to cognitive decline in the elderly. Enriched environment (EE) is proved to improve cognitive function. However, mechanisms involved remain unclear. The purpose of the study was exploring the mechanisms of EE in alleviating cognitive deficit in rats with CCH. To create a rat model of CCH, 2-vessel occlusion (2-VO) surgery was performed. All rats lived in standard or enriched environments for 4 weeks. Cognitive function was assessed using the novel object recognition test and Morris water maze test. The protein levels of glutamatergic synapses, neurotoxic reactive astrocytes, reactive microglia, and JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway were measured using Western blot. The mRNA levels of synaptic regulatory factors, C1q, TNF-α, and IL-1α were identified using quantitative PCR. Immunofluorescence was used to detect glutamatergic synapses, neurotoxic reactive astrocytes, and reactive microglia, as well as the expression of p-STAT3 in astrocytes in the hippocampus. The results demonstrated that the EE mitigated cognitive impairment in rats with CCH and enhanced glutamatergic synaptogenesis. EE also inhibited the activation of neurotoxic reactive astrocytes. Moreover, EE downregulated microglial activation, levels of C1q, TNF-α and IL-1α and phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3. Our results suggest that inhibition of neurotoxic reactive astrocytes may be one of the mechanisms by which EE promotes glutamatergic synaptogenesis and improves cognitive function in rats with CCH. The downregulation of reactive microglia and JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway may be involved in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Fan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Junbin Lin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qihang Luo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Weijing Liao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Chizi Hao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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3
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Mohd Sahini SN, Mohd Nor Hazalin NA, Srikumar BN, Jayasingh Chellammal HS, Surindar Singh GK. Environmental enrichment improves cognitive function, learning, memory and anxiety-related behaviours in rodent models of dementia: Implications for future study. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2024; 208:107880. [PMID: 38103676 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2023.107880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Environmental enrichment (EE) is a process of brain stimulation by modifying the surroundings, for example, by changing the sensory, social, or physical conditions. Rodents have been used in such experimental strategies through exposure to diverse physical, social, and exploration conditions. The present study conducted an extensive analysis of the existing literature surrounding the impact of EE on dementia rodent models. The review emphasised the two principal aspects that are very closely related to dementia: cognitive function (learning and memory) as well as psychological factors (anxiety-related behaviours such as phobias and unrealistic worries). Also highlighted were the mechanisms involved in the rodent models of dementia showing EE effects. Two search engines, PubMed and Science Direct, were used for data collection using the following keywords: environmental enrichment, dementia, rodent model, cognitive performance, and anxiety-related behaviour. Fifty-five articles were chosen depending on the criteria for inclusion and exclusion. The rodent models with dementia demonstrated improved learning and memory in the form of hampered inflammatory responses, enhanced neuronal plasticity, and sustained neuronal activity. EE housing also prevented memory impairment through the prevention of amyloid beta (Aβ) seeding formation, an early stage of Aβ plaque formation. The rodents subjected to EE were observed to present increased exploratory activity and exert less anxiety-related behaviour, compared to those in standard housing. However, some studies have proposed that EE intervention through exercise would be too mild to counteract the anxiety-related behaviour and risk assessment behaviour deficits in the Alzheimer's disease rodent model. Future studies should be conducted on old-aged rodents and the duration of EE exposure that would elicit the greatest benefits since the existing studies have been conducted on a range of ages and EE durations. In summary, EE had a considerable effect on dementia rodent models, with the most evident being improved cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Norhafizah Mohd Sahini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Selangor Branch, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia; Outpatient Pharmacy Department, Hospital Raja Permaisuri Bainun, 30450 Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Aqmar Mohd Nor Hazalin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Selangor Branch, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia; Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMiSE), Level 7, FF3, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor Branch, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Bettadapura N Srikumar
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Hosur Road, Bengaluru - 560029, India
| | - Hanish Singh Jayasingh Chellammal
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Selangor Branch, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia; Brain Degeneration and Therapeutics Group, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Gurmeet Kaur Surindar Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Selangor Branch, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia; Brain Degeneration and Therapeutics Group, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
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4
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Wang J, Wang J, Wang Y, Chai Y, Li H, Miao D, Liu H, Li J, Bao J. Music with Different Tones Affects the Development of Brain Nerves in Mice in Early Life through BDNF and Its Downstream Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098119. [PMID: 37175826 PMCID: PMC10179650 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
As a means of environmental enrichment, music environment has positive and beneficial effects on biological neural development. Kunming white mice (61 days old) were randomly divided into the control group (group C), the group of D-tone (group D), the group of A-tone (group A) and the group of G-tone (group G). They were given different tonal music stimulation (group A) for 14 consecutive days (2 h/day) to study the effects of tonal music on the neural development of the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of mice in early life and its molecular mechanisms. The results showed that the number of neurons in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of mice increased, with the cell morphology relatively intact. In addition, the number of dendritic spines and the number of dendritic spines per unit length were significantly higher than those in group C, and the expressions of synaptic plasticity proteins (SYP and PSD95) were also significantly elevated over those in group C. Compared with group C, the expression levels of BDNF, TRKB, CREB, PI3K, AKT, GS3Kβ, PLCγ1, PKC, DAG, ERK and MAPK genes and proteins in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of mice in the music groups were up-regulated, suggesting that different tones of music could regulate neural development through BDNF and its downstream pathways. The enrichment environment of D-tone music is the most suitable tone for promoting the development of brain nerves in early-life mice. Our study provides a basis for screening the optimal tone of neuroplasticity in early-life mice and for the treatment of neurobiology and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jianxing Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yulai Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yiwen Chai
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Haochen Li
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Deyang Miao
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Honggui Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jianhong Li
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jun Bao
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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5
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Maresin 1 improves cognitive decline and ameliorates inflammation and blood-brain barrier damage in rats with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. Brain Res 2022; 1788:147936. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2022.147936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Enriched Environment Effects on Myelination of the Central Nervous System: Role of Glial Cells. Neural Plast 2022; 2022:5766993. [PMID: 35465398 PMCID: PMC9023233 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5766993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelination is regulated by various glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS), including oligodendrocytes (OLs), microglia, and astrocytes. Myelination of the CNS requires the generation of functionally mature OLs from OPCs. OLs are the myelin-forming cells in the CNS. Microglia play both beneficial and detrimental roles during myelin damage and repair. Astrocyte is responsible for myelin formation and regeneration by direct interaction with oligodendrocyte lineage cells. These glial cells are influenced by experience-dependent activities such as environmental enrichment (EE). To date, there are few studies that have investigated the association between EE and glial cells. EE with a complex combination of sensorimotor, cognitive, and social stimulation has a significant effect on cognitive impairment and brain plasticity. Hence, one mechanism through EE improving cognitive function may rely on the mutual effect of EE and glial cells. The purpose of this paper is to review recent research into the efficacy of EE for myelination and glial cells at cellular and molecular levels and offers critical insights for future research directions of EE and the treatment of EE in cognitive impairment disease.
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7
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Yan N, Xu Z, Qu C, Zhang J. Dimethyl fumarate improves cognitive deficits in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion rats by alleviating inflammation, oxidative stress, and ferroptosis via NRF2/ARE/NF-κB signal pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 98:107844. [PMID: 34153667 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cerebrovascular disease and its risk factors cause persistent decrease of cerebral blood flow, chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) is the major foundation of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). The hippocampus is extremely vulnerable to cerebral ischemia and hypoxia. Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation injury are important pathophysiological mechanisms of this process, which is closely related to hippocampal neurons damage and loss. Dimethyl fumarate (DMF), an FDA-approved therapeutic for multiple sclerosis (MS), plays a protective role in multiple neurological disorders. Studies have shown that DMF exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects via the NRF2/ARE/NF-κB signaling pathway. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of DMF in the CCH rat model. Ferroptosis, a novel defined iron-dependent cell death form, were found to be strongly associated with the pathophysiology of CCH. Emerging evidences have shown that inhibition of ferroptosis by targeting NRF2 exerted neuroprotective effect in neurodegeneration diseases. We also investigated whether DMF can alleviate cognitive deficits through inhibition of ferroptosis by the NRF2 signaling pathway in this study. DMF was intragastric for consecutive five weeks (100 mg/kg/day). Then behavior test and histological, molecular, and biochemical analysis were performed. We found that DMF treatment significantly improved cognitive deficits and partially reversed hippocampus neuronal damage and loss caused by CCH. And DMF treatment decreased hippocampus IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 pro-inflammatory cytokines concentration, and mediated the NF-κB signaling pathway. And DMF also alleviated hippocampus oxidative stress through reducing MDA, and increasing GSH and SOD levels, which are also closely associated with ferroptosis. Besides, DMF treatment reduced the expression of PTGS2, and increased the expression of FTH1 and xCT, and the iron content is also reduced, which were the important features related to ferroptosis. Furthermore, DMF activated the NRF2/ARE signaling pathway and upregulated the expression of HO-1, NQO1 and GPX4. These outcomes indicated that DMF can improve cognitive impairment in rats with CCH, possibly through alleviating neuroinflammation, oxidative stress damage and inhibiting ferroptosis of hippocampal neurons. Overall, our results provide new evidence for the neuroprotective role of DMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nao Yan
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China; Hubei Clinical Research Center for Dementias and Cognitive Impairments, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Zhipeng Xu
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China; Hubei Clinical Research Center for Dementias and Cognitive Impairments, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Changhua Qu
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China; Hubei Clinical Research Center for Dementias and Cognitive Impairments, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - JunJian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China; Hubei Clinical Research Center for Dementias and Cognitive Impairments, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China.
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8
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Wang DP, Lin Q, Kang K, Wu YF, Su SH, Hai J. Preservation of spatial memory and neuroprotection by the fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitor URB597 in a rat model of vascular dementia. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:228. [PMID: 33708855 PMCID: PMC7940933 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-4431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) is a major risk factor for vascular dementia (VaD). There are currently no broadly effective prevention or treatment strategies for VaD, but recent studies have reported promising results following vascular bypass surgery and pharmacomodulation of the brain endocannabinoid system (ECS). In this study, early effects of encephalomyosynangiosis (EMS) bypass surgery and augmented endocannabinoid signaling on CCH-induced cognitive dysfunction and neuronal damage were investigated. Methods An animal model of VaD was established by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO). Cannabinoid signaling was upregulated by treatment with the fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitor URB597 (URB). Spatial learning and memory, cerebral blood flow (CBF), revascularization, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) signaling, and apoptosis were compared among Sham, BCCAO, BCCAO + EMS, BCCAO + URB, and BCCAO + URB + EMS groups. Spatial learning and memory were evaluated using the Morris water maze (MWM). The CBF in cortex and hippocampus was evaluated by 3-dimensional arterial spin labeling. The neovascularization was visualized by CD34 immunofluorescence staining, and BDNF-TrkB signaling protein expression levels were assessed by Western blotting. Results Treatment with URB597 but not EMS alone reversed the spatial learning and memory deficits induced by BCCAO. Neovascularization was enhanced after EMS surgery but not by URB597. Alternatively, there were no significant differences in CBF among treatment groups. Expression levels of BDNF and TrkB were significantly reduced by CCH compared to Sham treatment, and downregulation of both proteins was reversed by URB597 treatment but not EMS. BCCAO enhanced neuronal apoptosis, which was also reversed by URB597. Conclusions Augmentation of endogenous cannabinoid signaling but not EMS protects against CCH-induced neurodegeneration and preserves spatial learning and memory, possibly by activating BDNF-TrkB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Peng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tong Ji Hospital, Tong Ji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Qi Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Kang
- Department of Research and Surveillance Evaluation, Shanghai Center for Health Promotion, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Fang Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tong Ji Hospital, Tong Ji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shao-Hua Su
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tong Ji Hospital, Tong Ji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Hai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tong Ji Hospital, Tong Ji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Yang J, Ma K, Zhang C, Liu Y, Liang F, Hu W, Bian X, Yang S, Fu X. Burns Impair Blood-Brain Barrier and Mesenchymal Stem Cells Can Reverse the Process in Mice. Front Immunol 2020; 11:578879. [PMID: 33240266 PMCID: PMC7677525 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.578879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurological syndromes are observed in numerous patients who suffer burns, which add to the economic burden of societies and families. Recent studies have implied that blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction is the key factor that induces these central nervous system (CNS) syndromes in peripheral traumatic disease, e.g., surgery and burns. However, the effect of burns on BBB and the underlying mechanism remains, largely, to be determined. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of burns on BBB and the potential of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs), which have strong anti-inflammatory and repairing ability, to protect the integrity of BBB. BBB permeability was evaluated using dextran tracer (immunohistochemistry imaging and spectrophotometric quantification) and western blot, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β levels in blood and brain were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Furthermore, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to detect transcellular vesicular transport (transcytosis) in BBB. We found that burns increased mouse BBB permeability to both 10-kDa and 70-kDa dextran. IL-6 and IL-1β levels increased in peripheral blood and CNS after burns. In addition, burns decreased the level of tight junction proteins (TJs), including claudin-5, occludin, and ZO-1, which indicated increased BBB permeability due to paracellular pathway. Moreover, increased vesicular density after burns suggested increased transcytosis in brain microvascular endothelial cells. Finally, administering UC-MSCs at 1 h after burns effectively reversed these adverse effects and protected the integrity of BBB. These results suggest that burns increase BBB permeability through both paracellular pathway and transcytosis, the potential mechanism of which might be through increasing IL-6 and IL-1β levels and decreasing Mfsd2a level, and appropriate treatment with UC-MSCs can reverse these effects and protect the integrity of BBB after burns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, China.,Department of Dermatology, Fourth Medical Center, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kui Ma
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Cuiping Zhang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yufan Liu
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, China.,Department of Dermatology, Fourth Medical Center, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Liang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wenzhi Hu
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaowei Bian
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, China.,Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Siming Yang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, China.,Department of Dermatology, Fourth Medical Center, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobing Fu
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, China.,Department of Dermatology, Fourth Medical Center, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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10
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Xu L, Qu C, Qu C, Shen J, Song H, Li Y, Li T, Zheng J, Zhang J. Improvement of autophagy dysfunction as a potential mechanism for environmental enrichment to protect blood-brain barrier in rats with vascular cognitive impairment. Neurosci Lett 2020; 739:135437. [PMID: 33132180 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is the second most common cause of dementia after Alzheimer's disease, and the cognitive impairment is one of the common effects of VCI. Unfortunately, it lacks effective therapeutic treatments at present. In our previous study, environmental enrichment (EE), as an early intervention for lifestyle modification, can ameliorate cognitive impairment by attenuating hippocampal blood-brain barrier (BBB) injury in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) rats. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we found CCH rats in the standard environment (SE) developed cognitive impairment and BBB damage, which were significantly alleviated with the EE intervention. Meantime, EE improved the autophagy dysfunction caused by CCH in the hippocampus of rats, suggesting that the effect of EE on cognitive function and BBB may be related to the improvement of autophagy pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linling Xu
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No. 169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Changhua Qu
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No. 169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Chujie Qu
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No. 169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Shen
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No. 169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Hao Song
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No. 169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Yaqing Li
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No. 169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Tian Li
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No. 169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Jiaxin Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No. 169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Junjian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No. 169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China.
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11
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Yang Y, Zhao L, Li N, Dai C, Yin N, Chu Z, Duan X, Niu X, Yan P, Lv P. Estrogen Exerts Neuroprotective Effects in Vascular Dementia Rats by Suppressing Autophagy and Activating the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Neurochem Res 2020; 45:2100-2112. [PMID: 32719979 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-020-03072-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Vascular dementia (VD) is a clinical syndrome of acquired cognitive dysfunction caused by various cerebrovascular factors. Estrogen is a steroid hormone involved in promoting neuronal survival and in regulating many signaling pathways. However, the mechanism by which it confers neuroprotective effects in VD remains unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate the effect of estrogen on neuronal injury and cognitive impairment in VD rats. Adult female rats were randomly divided into four groups (sham, model, estrogen early and estrogen later treatment) and received sham surgery or bilateral ovariectomy and permanent occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries (BCCAO). The early treatment group received daily intraperitoneal injections of 17β-estradiol (100 µg/kg/day) for 8 weeks starting the day after BCCAO. The later treatment group was administered the same starting 1 week after BCCAO. Learning and memory functions were assessed using the Morris water maze. Morphological changes within the hippocampal CA1 region were observed by hematoxylin/eosin staining and electron microscopy. Expression of proteins associated with autophagy and signaling were detected by immunohistochemical staining and Western blot. We found that estrogen significantly alleviated cognitive damage and neuronal injury and reduced the expression of Beclin1 and LC3B, indicating a suppression of autophagy. Moreover, estrogen enhanced expression of β-catenin and Cyclin D1, while reducing glycogen synthase kinase 3β, suggesting activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. These results indicate that estrogen ameliorates learning and memory deficiencies in VD rats, and that this neuroprotective effect may be explained by the suppression of autophagy and activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.,Department of Gynecology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Gynecology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Congwei Dai
- Department of Gynecology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Nan Yin
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Zhaoping Chu
- Department of Gynecology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Xiaoyan Duan
- Department of Gynecology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Xiaoli Niu
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Ping Yan
- Department of Gynecology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Peiyuan Lv
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China.
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