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Padmanabhan RA, Zyju DP, Subramaniam AG, Nautiyal J, Laloraya M. Son of sevenless 1 (SOS1), the RasGEF, interacts with ERα and STAT3 during embryo implantation. J Mol Endocrinol 2023; 70:e220089. [PMID: 36103132 DOI: 10.1530/jme-22-0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen accounts for several biological processes in the body; embryo implantation and pregnancy being one of the vital events. This manuscript aims to unearth the nuclear role of Son of sevenless1 (SOS1), its interaction with estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in the uterine nucleus during embryo implantation. SOS1, a critical cytoplasmic linker between receptor tyrosine kinase and rat sarcoma virus signaling, translocates into the nucleus via its bipartite nuclear localization signal (NLS) during the 'window of implantation' in pregnant mice. SOS1 associates with chromatin, interacts with histones, and shows intrinsic histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity specifically acetylating lysine 16 (K16) residue of histone H4. SOS1 is a coactivator of STAT3 and a co-repressor of ERα. SOS1 creates a partial mesenchymal-epithelial transition by acting as a transcriptional modulator. Finally, our phylogenetic tree reveals that the two bipartite NLS surface in reptiles and the second acetyl coenzymeA (CoA) (RDNGPG) important for HAT activity emerges in mammals. Thus, SOS1 has evolved into a moonlighting protein, the special class of multi-tasking proteins, by virtue of its newly identified nuclear functions in addition to its previously known cytoplasmic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjini A Padmanabhan
- Female Reproduction and Metabolic Syndromes Laboratory, Division of Molecular Reproduction, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Damodaranpillai P Zyju
- Female Reproduction and Metabolic Syndromes Laboratory, Division of Molecular Reproduction, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Anand G Subramaniam
- Female Reproduction and Metabolic Syndromes Laboratory, Division of Molecular Reproduction, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Jaya Nautiyal
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Malini Laloraya
- Female Reproduction and Metabolic Syndromes Laboratory, Division of Molecular Reproduction, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
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Magalhães B, Trindade F, Barros AS, Klein J, Amado F, Ferreira R, Vitorino R. Reviewing Mechanistic Peptidomics in Body Fluids Focusing on Proteases. Proteomics 2018; 18:e1800187. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Magalhães
- Unidade de Investigação Cardiovascular; Departamento de Cirurgia e Fisiologia; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto; 4200-319 Porto Portugal
| | - Fábio Trindade
- Unidade de Investigação Cardiovascular; Departamento de Cirurgia e Fisiologia; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto; 4200-319 Porto Portugal
- Instituto de Biomedicina; Department of Medical Sciences; University of Aveiro; 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - António S. Barros
- Unidade de Investigação Cardiovascular; Departamento de Cirurgia e Fisiologia; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto; 4200-319 Porto Portugal
| | - Julie Klein
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease; Toulouse France
- Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier; 31330 Toulouse France
| | - Francisco Amado
- Química Orgânica, Produtos Naturais e Agroalimentares; Department of Chemistry; University of Aveiro; 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - Rita Ferreira
- Química Orgânica, Produtos Naturais e Agroalimentares; Department of Chemistry; University of Aveiro; 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - Rui Vitorino
- Unidade de Investigação Cardiovascular; Departamento de Cirurgia e Fisiologia; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto; 4200-319 Porto Portugal
- Instituto de Biomedicina; Department of Medical Sciences; University of Aveiro; 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
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Mohan JJ, Narayan P, Padmanabhan RA, Joseph S, Kumar PG, Laloraya M. Silencing of dedicator of cytokinesis (DOCK180) obliterates pregnancy by interfering with decidualization due to blockage of nuclear entry of autoimmune regulator (AIRE). Am J Reprod Immunol 2018; 80:e12844. [PMID: 29516628 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Dedicator of cytokinesis (DOCK 180) involved in cytoskeletal reorganization is primarily a cytosolic molecule. It is recently shown to be nuclear in HeLa cells but its nuclear function is not known. METHOD OF STUDY The spatiotemporal distribution of DOCK180 in uterus was studied in uterine cytoplasmic and nuclear compartments during the "window of implantation." The functional significance of nuclear DOCK180 was explored by homology modeling, co-immunoprecipitation assays, and mass spectrometric analysis. Dock180's role in early pregnancy was ascertained by Dock 180 silencing and subsequent quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting analysis. RESULTS Our study shows a nuclear DOCK180 in the uterus during "window of implantation." Estrogen and progesterone mediate expression and nuclear translocation of DOCK180. The nuclear function of DOCK180 is attributed to its ability to import autoimmune regulator (AIRE) into the nucleus. Silencing of Dock180 inhibited AIRE nuclear shuttling which influenced its downstream targets, thereby affecting decidualization with AIRE and HOXA-10 as the major players as well as lack of implantation site formation due to impact on angiogenesis-associated genes. CONCLUSION DOCK180 has an indispensable role in pregnancy establishment as knocking down Dock180 abrogates pregnancy by a consolidated impact on decidualization and angiogenesis by regulating AIRE nuclear entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasna Jagan Mohan
- Female Reproduction and Metabolic Syndromes Laboratory, Division of Molecular Reproduction, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Prashanth Narayan
- Female Reproduction and Metabolic Syndromes Laboratory, Division of Molecular Reproduction, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Renjini Ambika Padmanabhan
- Female Reproduction and Metabolic Syndromes Laboratory, Division of Molecular Reproduction, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Selin Joseph
- Female Reproduction and Metabolic Syndromes Laboratory, Division of Molecular Reproduction, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Pradeep G Kumar
- Female Reproduction and Metabolic Syndromes Laboratory, Division of Molecular Reproduction, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Malini Laloraya
- Female Reproduction and Metabolic Syndromes Laboratory, Division of Molecular Reproduction, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
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Aiello FB, Guszczynski T, Li W, Hixon JA, Jiang Q, Hodge DL, Massignan T, Di Lisio C, Merchant A, Procopio AD, Bonetto V, Durum SK. IL-7-induced phosphorylation of the adaptor Crk-like and other targets. Cell Signal 2018; 47:131-141. [PMID: 29581031 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
IL-7 is required for T cell differentiation and mature T cell homeostasis and promotes pro-B cell proliferation and survival. Tyrosine phosphorylation plays a central role in IL-7 signaling. We identified by two-dimensional electrophoresis followed by anti-phosphotyrosine immunoblotting and mass spectrometry sixteen tyrosine phosphorylated proteins from the IL-7-dependent cell line D1. IL-7 stimulation induced the phosphorylation of the proteins STI1, ATIC and hnRNPH, involved in pathways related to survival, proliferation and gene expression, respectively, and increased the phosphorylation of CrkL, a member of a family of adaptors including the highly homologous Crk isoforms CrkII and CrkI, important in multiple signaling pathways. We observed an increased phosphorylation of CrkL in murine pro-B cells and in murine and human T cells. In addition, IL-7 increased the association of CrkL with the transcription factor Stat5, essential for IL-7 pro-survival activity. The selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor Imatinib. counteracted the IL-7 pro-survival effect in D1 cells and decreased CrkL phosphorylation. These data suggested that CrkL could play a pro-survival role in IL-7-mediated signaling. We observed that pro-B cells also expressed, in addition to CrkL, the Crk isoforms CrkII and CrkI and therefore utilized pro-B cells conditionally deficient in all three to evaluate the role of these proteins. The observation that the IL-7 pro-survival effect was reduced in Crk/CrkL conditionally-deficient pro-B cells further pointed to a pro-survival role of these adaptors. To further evaluate the role of these proteins, gene expression studies were performed in Crk/CrkL conditionally-deficient pro-B cells. IL-7 decreased the transcription of the receptor LAIR1, which inhibits B cell proliferation, in a Crk/CrkL-dependent manner, suggesting that the Crk family of proteins may promote pro-B cell proliferation. Our data contribute to the understanding of IL-7 signaling and suggest the involvement of Crk family proteins in pathways promoting survival and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca B Aiello
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, CCR, NCI, NIH, Bldg 560, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
| | - Tad Guszczynski
- Molecular Targets Laboratory, FCRDC, Bldg 560, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
| | - Wenqing Li
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, CCR, NCI, NIH, Bldg 560, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
| | - Julie A Hixon
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, CCR, NCI, NIH, Bldg 560, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
| | - Qiong Jiang
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, CCR, NCI, NIH, Bldg 560, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
| | - Deborah L Hodge
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, FCRDC, Bldg 560, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
| | - Tania Massignan
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche M. Negri, via La Masa 19, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Di Lisio
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini, 66013 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Anand Merchant
- Center for Cancer Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Antonio D Procopio
- Department of Clinical and Medical Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, via Tronto 10, 60100 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Valentina Bonetto
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche M. Negri, via La Masa 19, 20156 Milano, Italy.
| | - Scott K Durum
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, CCR, NCI, NIH, Bldg 560, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
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Yang Q, Gu Y, Zhang X, Wang JM, He YP, Shi Y, Sun ZG, Shi HJ, Wang J. Uterine Expression of NDRG4 Is Induced by Estrogen and Up-Regulated during Embryo Implantation Process in Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155491. [PMID: 27175791 PMCID: PMC4866685 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryo implantation is an essential step for the establishment of pregnancy and dynamically regulated by estrogen and progesterone. NDRG4 (N-myc down-regulated gene 4) is a tumor suppressor that participates in cell survival, tumor invasion and angiogenesis. The objective of this study was to preliminarily explore the role of NDRG4 in embryo implantation. By immunohistochemistry (IHC) and quantitive RT-PCR (qRT-PCR), we found that uterine expression of NDRG4 was increased along with puberal development, and its expression in adult females reached the peak at the estrus stage during the estrus cycle. Furthermore, uterine NDRG4 expression was significantly induced by the treatment of estradiol (E2) both in pre-puberty females and ovariectomized adult females. Uterine expression pattern of NDRG4 during the peri-implantation period in mice was determined by IHC, qRT-PCR and Western blot. It was observed that NDRG4 expression was up-regulated during the implantation process, and its expression level at the implantation sites was significantly higher than that at the inter-implantation sites. Meanwhile, an increased expression in NDRG4 was associated with artificial decidualization as well as the activation of delayed implantation. By qRT-PCR and Western blot, we found that the in vitro decidualization of endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) was accompanied by up-regulation of NDRG4 expression, whereas knockdown of its expression in these cells by siRNA inhibited the decidualization process. In addition, Western blot analysis showed that NDRG4 protein expression was decreased in human villus tissues of recurrent miscarriage (RM) patients compared to normal pregnant women. Collectively, these data suggested that uterine NDRG4 expression could be induced by estrogen, and NDRG4 might play an important role during early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yang
- NPFPC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, SIPPR, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yan Gu
- The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- NPFPC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, SIPPR, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- * E-mail: (XZ); (HJS)
| | - Jian-Mei Wang
- The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Ya-Ping He
- NPFPC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, SIPPR, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yan Shi
- NPFPC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, SIPPR, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhao-Gui Sun
- NPFPC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, SIPPR, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hui-Juan Shi
- NPFPC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, SIPPR, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- * E-mail: (XZ); (HJS)
| | - Jian Wang
- NPFPC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, SIPPR, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
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Chadchan SB, Kumar V, Maurya VK, Soni UK, Jha RK. Endoglin (CD105) coordinates the process of endometrial receptivity for embryo implantation. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 425:69-83. [PMID: 26802878 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Endoglin is a TGF-β receptor that is expressed in uterine endothelial and stromal cells in addition to trophoblast expression. However, the functional importance of endoglin in the embryo implantation process is not clear. We observed endoglin expression in the endometrium throughout the stages of its receptivity; however, its expression was enhanced during the receptive stage. Endoglin expression was predominant in epithelial cells of the lumen and glands, but showed a milder expression in stromal cells. Endoglin expression was initially observed in the primary decidual zone and later extended to the secondary decidua zone. Knockdown of endoglin via siRNA reduced the implantation sites along with the blastocyst numbers. Mouse blastocyst with endoglin-silenced endometrial epithelial cells (human and mouse origin) showed poor trophoblast outgrowth, which suggests an essential role for endoglin during endometrial receptivity. In conclusion, our findings reveal the association of endoglin with endometrial receptivity, which is important for embryo attachment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangappa Basanna Chadchan
- Female Reproductive Biology Laboratory, Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, B.S. 10/1, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Female Reproductive Biology Laboratory, Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, B.S. 10/1, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Vineet Kumar Maurya
- Female Reproductive Biology Laboratory, Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, B.S. 10/1, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Upendra Kumar Soni
- Female Reproductive Biology Laboratory, Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, B.S. 10/1, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Jha
- Female Reproductive Biology Laboratory, Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, B.S. 10/1, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India.
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Padmanabhan RA, Laloraya M. Estrogen-Initiated Protein Interactomes During Embryo Implantation. Am J Reprod Immunol 2015; 75:256-62. [DOI: 10.1111/aji.12455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Renjini A. Padmanabhan
- Division of Molecular Reproduction; Female Reproduction and Metabolic syndromes laboratory; Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology; Poojappura Thiruvananthapuram Kerala India
| | - Malini Laloraya
- Division of Molecular Reproduction; Female Reproduction and Metabolic syndromes laboratory; Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology; Poojappura Thiruvananthapuram Kerala India
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Gu Y, Zhang X, Yang Q, Wang JM, He YP, Sun ZG, Zhang HQ, Wang J. Uterine NDRG2 expression is increased at implantation sites during early pregnancy in mice, and its down-regulation inhibits decidualization of mouse endometrial stromal cells. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2015; 13:49. [PMID: 26013399 PMCID: PMC4447025 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-015-0047-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND N-myc down-regulated gene 2 (NDRG2) is a tumor suppressor involved in cell proliferation and differentiation. The aim of this study was to determine the uterine expression pattern of this gene during early pregnancy in mice. METHODS Uterine NDRG2 mRNA and protein expression levels were determined by RT-PCR and Western blot analyses, respectively, during the peri-implantation period in mice. Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis was performed to examine the spatial localization of NDRG2 expression in mouse uterine tissues. The in vitro decidualization model of mouse endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) was used to evaluate decidualization of ESCs following NDRG2 knock down by small interfering RNA (siRNA). Statistical significance was analyzed by one-way ANOVA using SPSS 19.0 software. RESULTS Uterine NDRG2 gene expression was significantly up-regulated and was predominantly localized to the secondary decidual zone on days 5 and 8 of pregnancy in mice. Its increased expression was associated with artificial decidualization as well as the activation of delayed implantation. Furthermore, uterine NDRG2 expression was induced by estrogen and progesterone treatments. The in vitro decidualization of mouse ESCs was accompanied by up-regulation of NDRG2 expression, and knock down of its expression in these cells by siRNA inhibited the decidualization process. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that NDRG2 might play an important role in the process of decidualization during early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Gu
- Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xuan Zhang
- NPFPC Key Laboratory of Contraceptive Drugs & Devices, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qian Yang
- Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jian-mei Wang
- The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Ya-ping He
- NPFPC Key Laboratory of Contraceptive Drugs & Devices, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhao-gui Sun
- NPFPC Key Laboratory of Contraceptive Drugs & Devices, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hui-qin Zhang
- Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jian Wang
- NPFPC Key Laboratory of Contraceptive Drugs & Devices, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, China.
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Maurya VK, Jha RK, Kumar V, Joshi A, Chadchan S, Mohan JJ, Laloraya M. Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-B1) liberation from its latent complex during embryo implantation and its regulation by estradiol in mouse. Biol Reprod 2013; 89:84. [PMID: 23926286 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.112.106542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-B) plays an important role in embryo implantation; however, TGF-B requires liberation from its inactive latent forms (i.e., large latent TGF-B complex [LLC] and small latent TGF-B complex [SLC]) to its biologically active (i.e., monomer or dimer) forms in order to act on its receptors (TGF-BRs), which in turn activate SMAD2/3. Activation of TGF-B1 from its latent complexes in the uterus is not yet deciphered. We investigated uterine latent TGF-B1 complex and its biologically active form during implantation, decidualization, and delayed implantation. Our study, utilizing nonreducing SDS-PAGE followed by Western blotting and immunoblotting with TGF-B1, LTBP1, and latency-associated peptide, showed the presence of LLC and SLC in the uterine extracellular matrix and plasma membranous protein fraction during stages of the implantation period. A biologically active form of TGF-B1 (~17-kDa monomer) was highly elevated in the uterine plasma membranous compartment at the peri-implantation stage (implantation and nonimplantation sites). Administration of hydroxychloroquine (an inhibitor of pro-TGF-B processing) at the preimplantation stage was able to block the liberation of biologically active TGF-B1 from its latent complex at the postimplantation stage; as a consequence, the number of implantation sites was reduced at Day 5 (1000 h), as was the number of fetuses at Day 13. The inhibition of TGF-B1 showed reduced levels of phosphorylated SMAD3. Further, the delayed-implantation mouse model showed progesterone and estradiol coordination to release the active TGF-B1 form from its latent complex in the receptive endometrium. This study demonstrates the importance of liberation of biologically active TGF-B1 during the implantation period and its regulation by estradiol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineet Kumar Maurya
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
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Padmanabhan RA, Nirmala L, Murali M, Laloraya M. CrkL is a co-activator of estrogen receptor alpha that enhances tumorigenic potential in cancer. Mol Endocrinol 2011; 25:1499-512. [PMID: 21700719 DOI: 10.1210/me.2011-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Signaling via estrogen receptor (ER) occurs by interacting with many proteins. Nuclear interactome analysis of ERα in an embryo implantation model revealed the association of chicken tumor virus no. 10 regulator of kinase like (CrkL) with ERα, which was further validated by mammalian two-hybrid assay as well as coimmunoprecipitation and colocalization. Mutation in LPALL motif of CrkL disrupts the ERα-CrkL interaction and its transactivation potential, thereby suggesting that the interaction is mediated via its single ER binding motif, Leu-Pro-Ala-Leu-Leu (LXXLL) motif in the sarcoma homology (SH)2 domain. CrkL deletion constructs of SH2 domain target to the nucleus due to presence of nuclear localization signal. Interestingly, the SH2-SH3 (N terminal) construct shows an increased transactivation potential like CrkI. Weak interaction capability of mutated ERα-Y538F with CrkL validates that CrkL interacts with ERα via its YDLL motif at Tyr 541. In an attempt to understand the physiological relevance of this association, we investigated the impact on cell proliferation using a cancer model, because events associated in the process of pregnancy and cancer are analogous. Also, overexpression of CrkL is frequently associated with tumorigenesis. However, its significance in hormone-regulated cancers still remains obscure. Here, we demonstrate that association of ERα and CrkL directly enhances the tumorigenic potential of CrkL, thus pointing to its role in cell proliferation. In human endometrial cancers, we observed a strong association between ERα and CrkL levels. Thus, the molecular signaling set off by ERα and CrkL association may have a central role in pregnancy and cancer, two events which share parallels in growth, invasion, and immune tolerance.
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Fathers KE, Rodrigues S, Zuo D, Murthy IV, Hallett M, Cardiff R, Park M. CrkII transgene induces atypical mammary gland development and tumorigenesis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2009; 176:446-60. [PMID: 20008144 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2010.090383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The v-Crk protein was originally isolated as the oncogene fusion product of the CT10 chicken retrovirus. Cellular homologues of v-Crk include Crk, which encodes two alternatively spliced proteins (CrkI and CrkII), and CrkL. Though CrkI/II proteins are elevated in several types of cancer, including breast, the question of whether these Crk adaptor proteins can promote breast cancer has not been addressed. We created a transgenic mouse model that allows the expression of CrkII through the hormonally responsive mouse mammary tumor virus promoter. During puberty, transgenic mice were found to have delayed ductal outgrowth, characterized by increased collagen surrounding the terminal end buds. In post-pubertal mice, precocious ductal branching was observed and associated with increased proliferation. Focal mammary tumors appeared in a subset of animals, with a latency of approximately 15 months. Mouse mammary tumor virus/CrkII tumors showed high levels of Crk protein as well as various cytokeratin markers characteristic of their respective tumor pathologies. This study demonstrates that the precise expression of CrkII is critical for integrating signals for ductal outgrowth and branching morphogenesis during mammary gland development. Furthermore, this study provides evidence for a potential role of CrkII in integrating signals for breast cancer progression in vivo, which has important implications for elevated CrkII observed in human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly E Fathers
- Departments of Biochemistry, Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
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Zhao YY, Guo L, Zhao XJ, Liu H, Lei T, Ma DJ, Gao XY. Transcriptional activation of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 6 by 17beta-estradiol in SaOS-2 cells. Exp Mol Med 2009; 41:478-86. [PMID: 19322032 DOI: 10.3858/emm.2009.41.7.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoblasts can synthesize the insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and the IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs), which may either enhance or attenuate IGF-stimulated bone cell proliferation. Since estrogen induced osteoblastic differentiation and proliferation through an estrogen-responsive gene in target cells, we investigated the effects of estrogen on IGFBP-6 expression in the human osteoblastic-like cell line SaOS-2. Expressions of IGFBP-6 protein and mRNA increased 2.8 and 2-fold, respectively, in the presence of 17-beta-estradiol (E2) (0.01 to 1 micronM) and estrogen receptor (ER) in SaOS-2 cells. On the other hand, E2 induced a 2-fold increase in SaOS-2 cell proliferation. To identify genomic sequences associated with estrogen responsiveness, the 5'-promoter region (-44 to +118) of the IGFBP-6 gene was cloned into a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter vector. E2 induced a 3-fold increase in CAT activity in SaOS-2 cells transiently transfected with this construct. Identification of the estrogen-responsive element (ERE) [5-CCTTCA CCTG-3] (-9 to +1) in this IGFBP-6 gene promoter region was confirmed using electromobility shift assays and deletion analysis. This functional ERE was important for E2-induced trans-activation of the IGFBP-6 gene. These results demonstrate that E2 exhibits a positive effect on IGFBP-6 gene transcription through estrogen-liganded ER binding to the functional ERE in the IGFBP-6 gene promoter in SaOS-2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-yan Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China.
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13
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Lartey J, López Bernal A. RHO protein regulation of contraction in the human uterus. Reproduction 2009; 138:407-24. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-09-0160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The state of contraction in smooth muscle cells of the human uterus is dependent on the interaction of activated forms of actin and myosin. Ras homology (RHO) proteins are small monomeric GTP-binding proteins that regulate actin polymerisation and myosin phosphorylation in smooth muscle cells. Their action is determined by their level of expression, GTP-bound state, intracellular localisation and phosphorylated status. Agonist activated RHO proteins bind to effector kinases such as RHO kinase (ROCK) and diaphanous proteins (DIAPH) to regulate smooth muscle contraction by two mechanisms: ROCK activates smooth muscle myosin either by direct phosphorylation at Ser19/Thr18 or through inhibition of myosin phosphatase which is a trimeric protein regulated by ROCK and by other protein kinases. Actin-polymerising proteins such as DIAPH homolog 1 increase filamentous actin assembly to enhance acto-myosin cross bridge formation and contraction. This review explores recent advances in RHO protein signalling in human myometrium and proposes areas of further research to investigate the involvement of these proteins in the regulation of uterine contractility in pregnancy and labour.
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Guo L, Zhao YY, Zhao YY, Sun ZJ, Liu H, Zhang SL. Toxic Effects of TCDD on Osteogenesis through Altering IGFBP-6 Gene Expression in Osteoblasts. Biol Pharm Bull 2007; 30:2018-26. [PMID: 17978469 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.30.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Guo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University
| | - Yu-yan Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University
| | - Yan-yan Zhao
- Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University
| | - Zhi-jun Sun
- Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University
| | - Shi-liang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University
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Bruzzone ME, Fabres C, Benitez DA, Castellón EA, Zegers-Hochschild F. Influence of embryonic conditioned media upon the endometrial beta-adrenergic receptor. Reprod Biomed Online 2005; 11:58-63. [PMID: 16102288 DOI: 10.1016/s1472-6483(10)61299-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the products secreted by the human embryo upon the three subtypes of beta-AR (beta1, beta2, beta3). Cell cultures were developed using endometrial biopsies, taken on day 7 after ovulation, from four healthy women <35 years of age, with regular cycles and infertility due only to male factors. Embryos from women with a normal uterine cavity and endometrial lining were incubated until they reached the 4-cell stage, before being transferred to their mother's uterus. Culture media for embryo incubation were derived from two groups: (i) embryos that achieved pregnancy, (ii) embryos which failed to implant. Control and experimental endometrial cell culture plates were treated with the two embryo culture media, with or without 10(-9) mol/l oestradiol and 10(-7) mol/l progesterone for 48 h. Expression of the three subtypes of beta-AR was assessed by RT-PCR. Beta1-AR was expressed in both control and experimental plates; beta2-AR was expressed only in plates incubated with embryonic culture media of embryos which achieved pregnancy, in both hormonal conditions, with or without oestradiol and progesterone. Beta3-AR was not expressed in any condition. Thus secretory products of human embryos may influence gene expression of beta2-AR concentrations in the human endometrium, and this subtype of beta-AR may be involved in implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Bruzzone
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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