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Megahed FAK, Zhou X, Sun P. The Interactions between HBV and the Innate Immunity of Hepatocytes. Viruses 2020; 12:v12030285. [PMID: 32151000 PMCID: PMC7150781 DOI: 10.3390/v12030285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affects ~350 million people and poses a major public health problem worldwide. HBV is a major cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Fewer than 5% of HBV-infected adults (but up to 90% of HBV-infected infants and children) develop chronic HBV infection as indicated by continued, detectable expression of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) for at least 6 months after the initial infection. Increasing evidence indicates that HBV interacts with innate immunity signaling pathways of hepatocytes to suppress innate immunity. However, it is still not clear how HBV avoids monitoring by the innate immunity of hepatocytes and whether the innate immunity of hepatocytes can be effective against HBV if re-triggered. Moreover, a deep understanding of virus-host interactions is important in developing new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of HBV infection. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding how HBV represses innate immune recognition, as well as recent progress with respect to in vitro models for studying HBV infection and innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fayed Attia Koutb Megahed
- Stem Cell Research Center, Research Center for Reproductive Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China;
- Department of Nucleic Acid Researches, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, General Autority-City of Scientific Researches and Technological Applications, Alexandria 21934, Egypt
| | - Xiaoling Zhou
- Stem Cell Research Center, Research Center for Reproductive Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China;
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (P.S.)
| | - Pingnan Sun
- Stem Cell Research Center, Research Center for Reproductive Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China;
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (P.S.)
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2
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Marongiu L. Proportion of transcriptionally active DNA virus integrants: a meta-analysis. Future Virol 2017. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2017-0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Oncoviruses are collectively responsible for over 1,000,000 new cases of cancer per year; some can integrate into the host's chromosomes. The present work was aimed at assessing the proportion of transcriptionally active viral integrants through a systematic review of the scientific publications present on the MedLine database. From the articles screened, 628 viral integrants overall were retrieved, of which 530.84 were transcriptionally active (84.53%); among the clinical samples, 264 of 323 integrants were active (81.73%). The causes for the silencing were not addressed in the articles analyzed. These findings might highlight a possible risk factor for the insurgence of cancer since some oncovirus integrants could be reactivated by stimuli of disparate nature. Further studies should address such possibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Marongiu
- Roslin Institute, the University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush campus, EH25 9RG Edinburgh, Scotland
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Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Viral Infection. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2015:860950. [PMID: 26294919 PMCID: PMC4532961 DOI: 10.1155/2015/860950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSCs) are a subset of nonhematopoietic adult stem cells, readily isolated from various tissues and easily culture-expanded ex vivo. Intensive studies of the immune modulation and tissue regeneration over the past few years have demonstrated the great potential of MSCs for the prevention and treatment of steroid-resistant acute graft-versus-host disease (GvHD), immune-related disorders, and viral diseases. In immunocompromised individuals, the immunomodulatory activities of MSCs have raised safety concerns regarding the greater risk of primary viral infection and viral reactivation, which is a major cause of mortality after allogeneic transplantation. Moreover, high susceptibilities of MSCs to viral infections in vitro could reflect the destructive outcomes that might impair the clinical efficacy of MSCs infusion. However, the interplay between MSCs and virus is like a double-edge sword, and it also provides beneficial effects such as allowing the proliferation and function of antiviral specific effector cells instead of suppressing them, serving as an ideal tool for study of viral pathogenesis, and protecting hosts against viral challenge by using the antimicrobial activity. Here, we therefore review favorable and unfavorable consequences of MSCs and virus interaction with the highlight of safety and efficacy for applying MSCs as cell therapy.
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Sai LT, Yao YY, Guan YY, Shao LH, Ma RP, Ma LX. Hepatitis B virus infection and replication in a new cell culture system established by fusing HepG2 cells with primary human hepatocytes. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND INFECTION = WEI MIAN YU GAN RAN ZA ZHI 2014; 49:471-6. [PMID: 25442856 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2014.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Revised: 07/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is strictly species and tissue specific, therefore none of the cell models established previously can reproduce the natural infection process of HBV in vitro. The aim of this study was to establish a new cell line that is susceptible to HBV and can support the replication of HBV. METHODS A hybrid cell line was established by fusing primary human hepatocytes with HepG2 cells. The hybrid cells were incubated with HBV-positive serum for 12 hours. HBV DNA was detected by quantitative fluorescence polymerase chain reaction (QF-PCR). HBsAg (surface antigen) and HBeAg (extracellular form of core antigen) were observed by electrochemiluminescence (ECL). HBcAg (core antigen) was detected by the indirect immunofluorescence technique. HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) was analyzed by Southern blot hybridization and quantified using real-time PCR. RESULTS A new cell line was established and named HepCHLine-7. The extracellular HBV DNA was observed from Day 2 and the levels ranged from 9.80 (± 0.32) × 10(2) copies/mL to 3.12 (± 0.03) × 10(4) copies/mL. Intracellular HBV DNA was detected at Day 2 after infection and the levels ranged from 7.92 (± 1.08) × 10(3) copies/mL to 5.63 (± 0.11) × 10(5) copies/mL. HBsAg in the culture medium was detected from Day 4 to Day 20. HBeAg secretion was positive from Day 5 to Day 20. HBcAg constantly showed positive signals in approximately 20% (± 0.82%) of hybrid cells. Intracellular HBV cccDNA could be detected as early as 2 days postinfection and the highest level was 15.76 (± 0.26) copies/cell. CONCLUSION HepCHLine-7 cells were susceptible to HBV and supported the replication of HBV. They are therefore suitable for studying the complete life cycle of HBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Tao Sai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road 107, Ji'nan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yong-Yuan Yao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Tai'an Road 126, Rizhao 276800, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yan-Yan Guan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Tai'an Road 126, Rizhao 276800, Shandong Province, China
| | - Li-Hua Shao
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road 44, Ji'nan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Rui-Ping Ma
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Qianfoshan Hospital, Jingshi Road 16766, Ji'nan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Li-Xian Ma
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road 107, Ji'nan 250012, Shandong Province, China.
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Lin CL, Chien RN, Lin SM, Ke PY, Lin CC, Yeh CT. An occult hepatitis B-derived hepatoma cell line carrying persistent nuclear viral DNA and permissive for exogenous hepatitis B virus infection. PLoS One 2013; 8:e65456. [PMID: 23734258 PMCID: PMC3667124 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is defined as persistence of HBV DNA in liver tissues, with or without detectability of HBV DNA in the serum, in individuals with negative serum HBV surface antigen (HBsAg). Despite accumulating evidence suggesting its important clinical roles, the molecular and virological basis of occult hepatitis B remains unclear. In an attempt to establish new hepatoma cell lines, we achieved a new cell line derived from a hepatoma patient with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) and occult HBV infection. Characterization of this cell line revealed previously unrecognized properties. Two novel human hepatoma cell lines were established. Hep-Y1 was derived from a male hepatoma patient negative for HCV and HBV infection. Hep-Y2 was derived from a female hepatoma patient suffering from chronic HCV and occult HBV infection. Morphological, cytogenetic and functional studies were performed. Permissiveness to HBV infection was assessed. Both cell lines showed typical hepatocyte-like morphology under phase-contrast and electron microscopy and expressed alpha-fetoprotein, albumin, transferrin, and aldolase B. Cytogenetic analysis revealed extensive chromosomal anomalies. An extrachromosomal form of HBV DNA persisted in the nuclear fraction of Hep-Y2 cells, while no HBsAg was detected in the medium. After treated with 2% dimethyl sulfoxide, both cell lines were permissive for exogenous HBV infection with transient elevation of the replication intermediates in the cytosol with detectable viral antigens by immunoflurescence analysis. In conclusions, we established two new hepatoma cell lines including one from occult HBV infection (Hep-Y2). Both cell lines were permissive for HBV infection. Additionally, Hep-Y2 cells carried persistent extrachromosomal HBV DNA in the nuclei. This cell line could serve as a useful tool to establish the molecular and virological basis of occult HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Lang Lin
- Liver Research Unit, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Keelung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Nan Chien
- Liver Research Unit, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Ming Lin
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yuan Ke
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Chun Lin
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Ting Yeh
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Hepatitis B virus infection and replication in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Virol J 2011; 8:486. [PMID: 22035170 PMCID: PMC3225454 DOI: 10.1186/1743-422x-8-486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2011] [Accepted: 10/31/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a blood borne infectious disease that affects the liver. Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) may serve as a cell source for adult stem cell transplantation in liver repair. However, the susceptibility of human BMSCs to HBV infection is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the infection and replication of HBV in cultures of human BMSCs. Results Human BMSCs were confirmed using flow cytometry. Intracellular HBV DNA was detected at d 2 after infection and maintained at relatively high levels from d 6 to d 12. The maximal level of intracellular HBV DNA was 9.37 × 105 copies/mL. The extracellular HBV DNA was observed from d 3 to d 15, and the levels ranged from 3.792 × 102 copies/mL to 4.067 × 105 copies/mL. HBsAg in the culture medium was detected from d 2 to d 16. HBeAg secretion was positive from d 5 to d 13. HBcAg constantly showed positive signals in approximately 7%-20% of BMSCs from 2 days after exposure. Intracellular HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) could be detected as early as 2 days postinfection, and strong signals were obtained with increasing time. Conclusion HBV can infect and replicate in human BMSCs. Human BMSCs may be a useful tool for investigating HBV life-cycle and the mechanism of initial virus-cell interactions.
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Yao YY, Ma LX, Sai LT, Shao LH, Guan YY, Wang G. Establishment of a novel cell model of hepatitis B virus infection. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2010; 18:755-760. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v18.i8.755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To establish a hybrid cell line (by fusing HepG2 cells with primary human hepatocytes) that can be infected by hepatitis B virus (HBV) and be serially subcultured in vitro, and to evaluate the infection ability of HBV in this hybrid cell line.
METHODS: Normal human hepatocytes were isolated and cultured. Primary human hepatocytes were then fused with HGPRT-deficient HepG2 cells (induced with ethyl methanesulfonate). The hybrid cells were identified by the trypsin G-banding method. After the hybrid cells and normal HepG2 cells were infected with serum-derived HBV virions, intracellular and secreted HBV DNA as well as intracellular HBV cccDNA (covalent closed circle DNA) were detected by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). HBcAg in infected cells was analyzed by indirect immunofluorescence. HBsAg and HBeAg in the supernatants of infected cells were identified by electrochemiluminescence.
RESULTS: A hybrid cell line was established successfully by fusing HepG2 cells with primary human hepatocytes. This hybrid cell line could be subcultured in vitro. Karyotype analysis showed that the modal chromosome number of hybrid cells was 99. HBV DNA was detected consistently in both hybrid cells and their culture medium 4 days post-infection. HBV cccDNA was detected consistently 3 days post-infection. HBcAg, HBsAg and HBeAg were also detected consistently 4 days post-infection. In contrast, negative results were obtained in control HepG2 cells infected with HBV virions.
CONCLUSION: A new hybrid cell line that can be used for establishing an in vitro cell model of HBV infection is established successfully. This new hybrid cell line inherits the characteristics of both HepG2 cells and primary human hepatocytes.
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Highly upregulated in liver cancer noncoding RNA is overexpressed in hepatic colorectal metastasis. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2009; 21:688-92. [PMID: 19445043 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0b013e328306a3a2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The highly upregulated in liver cancer (HULC) gene transcribes to an mRNA-like noncoding RNA (ncRNA) by the RNA polymerase II and processed by capping, splicing and polyadenylation. It is specifically expressed in the hepatocytes with striking upregulation in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). OBJECTIVES To study the expression levels of HULC in normal colorectal samples, primary colorectal carcinomas and in secondary tumors formed from colorectal carcinomas that metastasize to either the liver or the lymph nodes, taken from the same patients. Also a panel of carcinoma cell lines is tested for HULC expression. BASIC METHODS Semiquantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR technique is used to detect for HULC expression in study specimens and cell lines. RESULTS Consistent with the previous report, HULC is neither expressed in primary colorectal carcinomas samples nor in their normal counterparts. We show for the first time those colorectal carcinomas that metastasize to the livers but not to lymph nodes experience an upregulation of HULC ncRNA in all the samples tested (n= 8), with a strong-to-moderate expression in six out of eight. Moreover HULC is not expressed in the majority of carcinoma cell lines tested and also in samples of normal bladder and bladder cancers of various grades. We also show that HULC ncRNA is upregulated in two hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines producing HBV relevant to their parental lines that do not produce HBV. CONCLUSION Our results presented here indicate that HULC expression is not confined to HCC, but also to those colorectal carcinomas that metastasize to the liver.
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Matouk IJ, DeGroot N, Mezan S, Ayesh S, Abu-lail R, Hochberg A, Galun E. The H19 non-coding RNA is essential for human tumor growth. PLoS One 2007; 2:e845. [PMID: 17786216 PMCID: PMC1959184 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0000845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 539] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2007] [Accepted: 08/10/2007] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mutations and epigenetic aberrant signaling of growth factors pathways contribute to carcinogenesis. Recent studies reveal that non-coding RNAs are controllers of gene expression. H19 is an imprinted gene that demonstrates maternal monoallelic expression without a protein product; although its expression is shut off in most tissues postnatally, it is re-activated during adult tissue regeneration and tumorigenesis. Moreover, H19 is highly expressed in liver metastasis derived from a range of carcinomas. The objective of this study is to explore the role of H19 in carcinogenesis, and to determine its identification as an anti-tumor target. Methodology/ Principle Findings By controlling oxygen pressure during tumor cell growth and H19 expression levels, we investigated the role of H19 expression in vitro and in vivo in hepatocellular (HCC) and bladder carcinoma. Hypoxia upregulates the level of H19 RNA. Ablations of tumorigenicity of HCC and bladder carcinomas in vivo are seen by H19 knockdown which also significantly abrogates anchorage-independent growth after hypoxia recovery, while ectopic H19 expression enhances tumorigenic potential of carcinoma cells in vivo. Knocking-down H19 message in hypoxic stress severely diminishes p57kip2 induction. We identified a number of potential downstream targets of H19 RNA, including angiogenin and FGF18. Conclusions H19 RNA harbors pro-tumorigenic properties, thus the H19 gene behaves as an oncogene and may serve as a potential new target for anti-tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imad J. Matouk
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Life Sciences, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Nathan DeGroot
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Life Sciences, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shaul Mezan
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Life Sciences, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Suhail Ayesh
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Life Sciences, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rasha Abu-lail
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Life Sciences, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Abraham Hochberg
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Life Sciences, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Eithan Galun
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
- * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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Khvalevsky E, Rivkin L, Rachmilewitz J, Galun E, Giladi H. TLR3 signaling in a hepatoma cell line is skewed towards apoptosis. J Cell Biochem 2007; 100:1301-12. [PMID: 17243100 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.21119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPS) leading to the activation of the innate immune response and subsequently to the shaping of the adaptive immune response. Of the known human TLRs, TLR3, 7, 8, and 9 were shown to recognize nucleic acid ligands. TLR3 signaling is induced by double-stranded (ds)RNA, a molecular signature of viruses, and is mediated by the TRIF (TIR domain-containing adaptor-inducing IFNbeta) adaptor molecule. Thus, TLR3 plays an important role in the host response to viral infections. The liver is constantly exposed to a large variety of foreign substances, including pathogens such as HBV (hepatitis B virus) and HCV (hepatitis C virus), which frequently establish persistent liver infections. In this work, we investigated the expression and signaling pathway of TLR3 in different hepatoma cell lines. We show that hepatocyte lineage cells express relatively low levels of TLR3 mRNA. TLR3 signaling in HEK293 cells (human embryonic kidney cells) activated NF-kappaB and IRF3 (interferon regulatory factor 3) and induced IFNbeta (interferon beta) promoter expression, which are known to lead to pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion. In Huh7 cells, there was only a short-term IRF3 activation, and a very low level of IFNbeta expression. In HepG2 cells on the other hand, while no induction of pro-inflammatory factors was observed, signaling by TLR3 was skewed towards the induction of apoptosis. These results indicate preferential induction of the apoptotic pathway over the cytokine induction pathway by TLR3 signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma cells with potential implications for therapeutic strategies.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport/genetics
- Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport/metabolism
- Adenocarcinoma/genetics
- Adenocarcinoma/metabolism
- Adenocarcinoma/pathology
- Apoptosis/physiology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Cells, Cultured
- Colonic Neoplasms/genetics
- Colonic Neoplasms/metabolism
- Colonic Neoplasms/pathology
- Flow Cytometry
- Hepatocytes/metabolism
- Hepatocytes/pathology
- Humans
- Interferon Regulatory Factor-3/genetics
- Interferon Regulatory Factor-3/metabolism
- Kidney/metabolism
- Kidney/pathology
- Killer Cells, Natural/metabolism
- Killer Cells, Natural/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Luciferases
- NF-kappa B/genetics
- NF-kappa B/metabolism
- Plasmids
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Toll-Like Receptor 3/genetics
- Toll-Like Receptor 3/metabolism
- Toll-Like Receptor 7/genetics
- Toll-Like Receptor 7/metabolism
- Toll-Like Receptor 8/genetics
- Toll-Like Receptor 8/metabolism
- Toll-Like Receptor 9/genetics
- Toll-Like Receptor 9/metabolism
- Toll-Like Receptors/genetics
- Toll-Like Receptors/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Khvalevsky
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
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Pan XB, Wei L, Chen HS, Liu F, Gao Y. Liver-derived cell lines QSG-7701 and HepG2 support different HBV replication patterns. Arch Virol 2007; 152:1159-73. [PMID: 17308979 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-006-0927-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2006] [Accepted: 12/12/2006] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is currently still a worldwide heath concern. In our study, we compared HBV replication patterns in two liver-derived cell lines, QSG-7701 and HepG2. Viral markers of HBV replication in culture medium and cells were analyzed after transfection of these cells with plasmid pUC18-HBV1.2 into. We showed that QSG-7701 cells could support more stable and a higher level of HBV replication than HepG2 cells. Gene expression profiles of QSG-7701 and HepG2 cells by microarray analysis showed that many genes were differentially expressed between these two cell lines, including those that are related to the HBV life cycle. The global gene expression profile of these two cell types provides some clues to explain how different HBV replication is achieved. QSG-7701 cells offer a new opportunity for basic research on HBV virus-host interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- X B Pan
- Peking University Hepatology Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
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