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Souza A, Kevin M, Rodriguez BJ, Reynaud EG. The use of fluid-phase 3D printing to pattern alginate-gelatin hydrogel properties to guide cell growth and behaviour in vitro. Biomed Mater 2024; 19:045024. [PMID: 38810635 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad51bf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) (bio)printing technology has boosted the advancement of the biomedical field. However, tissue engineering is an evolving field and (bio)printing biomimetic constructions for tissue formation is still a challenge. As a new methodology to facilitate the construction of more complex structures, we suggest the use of the fluid-phase 3D printing to pattern the scaffold's properties. The methodology consists of an exchangeable fluid-phase printing medium in which the constructions are fabricated and patterned during the printing process. Using the fluid-phase methodology, the biological and mechanical properties can be tailored promoting cell behaviour guidance and compartmentalization. In this study, we first assessed different formulations of alginate/gelatin to create a stable substrate capable to promote massive cell colonizationin vitroover time. Overall, formulations with lower gelatin content and 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid (MES) buffer as a solvent showed better stability under cell culture conditions and enhanced U2OS cell growth. Next, the fluid-phase showed better printing fidelity and resolution in comparison to air printing as it diminished the collapsing and the spread of the hydrogel strand. In sequence, the fluid-phase methodology was used to create functionalized alginate-gelatin-arginylglycylaspartic acid peptide (RGD) hydrogels via carbodiimides chemistry. The alginate-gelatin-RGD hydrogels showed an increase of 2.97-fold in cell growth and more spread substrate colonization in comparison to alginate-gelatin hydrogel. Moreover, the fluid-phase methodology was used to add RGD molecules to pre-determined parts of the alginate-gelatin substrate during the printing process promoting U2OS cell compartmentalization. In addition, different substrate stiffnesses were also created via fluid-phase by crosslinking the hydrogel with different concentrations of CaCl2during the printing process. As a result, the U2OS cells were also compartmentalized on the stiffer parts of the printings. Finally, our results showed that by combining stiffer hydrogel with RGD increasing concentrations we can create a synergetic effect and boost cell metabolism by up to 3.17-fold. This work presents an idea of a new printing process for tailoring multiple parameters in hydrogel substrates by using fluid-phase to generate more faithful replication of thein vivoenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Souza
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - McCarthy Kevin
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Brian J Rodriguez
- School of Physics, University College Dublin, Belfield Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Emmanuel G Reynaud
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield Dublin 4, Ireland
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Wu H, Zhang T, Li N, Gao J. Cell membrane-based biomimetic vehicles for effective central nervous system target delivery: Insights and challenges. J Control Release 2023; 360:169-184. [PMID: 37343724 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) disorders, including brain tumor, ischemic stroke, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease, threaten human health. And the existence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) hinders the delivery of drugs and the design of drug targeting delivery vehicles. Over the past decades, great interest has been given to cell membrane-based biomimetic vehicles since the rise of targeting drug delivery systems and biomimetic nanotechnology. Cell membranes are regarded as natural multifunction biomaterials, and provide potential for targeting delivery design and modification. Cell membrane-based biomimetic vehicles appear timely with the participation of cell membranes and nanoparticles, and raises new lights for BBB recognition and transport, and effective therapy with its biological multifunction and high biocompatibility. This review summarizes existing challenges in CNS target delivery and recent advances of different kinds of cell membrane-based biomimetic vehicles for effective CNS target delivery, and deliberates the BBB targeting mechanism. It also discusses the challenges and possibility of clinical translation, and presents new insights for development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghui Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, PR China; Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua 321299, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Tianyuan Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Ni Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Centre Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315041, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Jianqing Gao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, PR China; Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua 321299, Zhejiang, PR China; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Centre Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315041, Zhejiang, PR China.
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3
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Zhang L, Sang X, Han Y, Abulitibu A, Elken M, Mao Z, Kang S, Yang W, Lu C. The expression of apoptosis related genes in HK-2 cells overexpressing PPM1K was determined by RNA-seq analysis. Front Genet 2022; 13:1004610. [PMID: 36386814 PMCID: PMC9663473 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1004610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a serious disease that endangers human health. It is reported that inhibiting renal cell apoptosis can delay the progress of CKD. Our previous study found that the mice with protein phosphatase Mg2+/Mn2+ dependent 1K (PPM1K) gene deletion had obvious symptoms of glomerular vascular and interstitial vascular dilatation, congestion and hemorrhage, glomerular hemorrhage and necrosis, interstitial fibrous tissue proliferation, decreased urinary creatinine clearance, and increased urinary protein level. In addition, studies have found that PPM1K is essential for cell survival, apoptosis and metabolism. However, no study has confirmed that PPM1K can inhibit renal cell apoptosis. In this study, PPM1K was overexpressed in human kidney-2 cells (HK-2), and the biological process of differentially expressed genes and its effect on apoptosis were comprehensively screened by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Through sequencing analysis, we found that there were 796 differentially expressed genes in human renal tubular epithelial cells transfected with PPM1K gene, of which 553 were down-regulated and 243 were up-regulated. Enrichment analysis found that differentially expressed genes may play an important role in amino acid metabolism and biosynthesis. In the GO analysis functional pathway list, we also found that multiple genes can be enriched in apoptosis related pathways, such as G0S2, GADD45A, TRIB3, VEGFA, NUPR1 and other up-regulated genes, and IL-6, MAGED1, CCL2, TP53INP1 and other down-regulated genes. Then we verified these differentially expressed genes by RT-PCR, and found that only the RT-PCR results of G0S2, VEGFA and NUPR1 were consistent with the transcriptome sequencing results. We believe that G0S2, VEGFA, NUPR1 and other genes may participate in the apoptosis process of HK-2 cells induced by PPM1K.In conclusion, these findings provide some data support for the study of HK-2 cell apoptosis mechanism, and also provide a scientific theoretical basis for further study of the effect of PPM1K on kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Nephrology Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Clinical Research Center of Renal Replacement Therapy, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Blood Purification Medical Quality Control Center, Urumqi, China,Institute of Nephrology of Xinjiang, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiaohong Sang
- Nephrology Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Clinical Research Center of Renal Replacement Therapy, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Blood Purification Medical Quality Control Center, Urumqi, China,Institute of Nephrology of Xinjiang, Urumqi, China
| | - Yuanyuan Han
- Nephrology Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Clinical Research Center of Renal Replacement Therapy, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Blood Purification Medical Quality Control Center, Urumqi, China,Institute of Nephrology of Xinjiang, Urumqi, China
| | - Alpati Abulitibu
- Nephrology Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Clinical Research Center of Renal Replacement Therapy, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Blood Purification Medical Quality Control Center, Urumqi, China,Institute of Nephrology of Xinjiang, Urumqi, China
| | - Mufunayi Elken
- Nephrology Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Clinical Research Center of Renal Replacement Therapy, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Blood Purification Medical Quality Control Center, Urumqi, China,Institute of Nephrology of Xinjiang, Urumqi, China
| | - Zhijie Mao
- Nephrology Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Clinical Research Center of Renal Replacement Therapy, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Blood Purification Medical Quality Control Center, Urumqi, China,Institute of Nephrology of Xinjiang, Urumqi, China
| | - Shaotao Kang
- Nephrology Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Clinical Research Center of Renal Replacement Therapy, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Blood Purification Medical Quality Control Center, Urumqi, China,Institute of Nephrology of Xinjiang, Urumqi, China
| | - Wenjun Yang
- Nephrology Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Clinical Research Center of Renal Replacement Therapy, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Blood Purification Medical Quality Control Center, Urumqi, China,Institute of Nephrology of Xinjiang, Urumqi, China,*Correspondence: Wenjun Yang, ; Chen Lu,
| | - Chen Lu
- Nephrology Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Clinical Research Center of Renal Replacement Therapy, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Blood Purification Medical Quality Control Center, Urumqi, China,Institute of Nephrology of Xinjiang, Urumqi, China,*Correspondence: Wenjun Yang, ; Chen Lu,
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Wen N. Regulatory Mechanism of Neurotrophin Receptor-Interacting Melanoma Antigen Coding Gene Homolog (NRAGE) Gene Methylation on Apoptosis of Breast Cancer Cell Under Tyrosine Kinases/Methyl Ethyl Ketone/Extracellular Regulated Protein Kinases Signaling Pathway. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2022.2873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to discover the influence of Neurotrophin receptor-interacting MAGE homolog (NRAGE) gene methylation on proliferation (Pro) and apoptosis (Apo) of breast cancer cell (BCC), and its influence on TrkA/MEK/ERK signaling. BCC lines MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and normal
mammary gland cell (MGC) MCF-10 were selected. Expression of NRAGE mRNA and methylation level in cells was analyzed via reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and methylation-specific PCR. Different concentrations (0, 5, 10 mol/L) of DNA methylase inhibitor 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine
(5-Aza-CdR) were adopted to treat the BCC cell line. With dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) treatment as control, cell count, 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, flow cytometry, and Western blot were adopted to detect the Pro, Apo, relative expression (REP) of
Apo-related proteins Bcl-2, Bax, and target proteins TrkA, MEK, and ERK1/2 after different treatments. The results showed that NRAGE mRNA level in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 was notably reduced versus MCF-10 (P < 0.05), and they could express methylated NRAGE specifically. 5-Aza-CdR can
increase unmethylated NRAGE’s expression in BCC. Cell Pro level of the 5 and 10 mol/L treatments was greatly inhibited than DMSO and 0 mol/L treatments (P < 0.05). Apo rate and Apo-related proteins Bcl-2 and Bax increased obviously (P < 0.05). In addition, the phosphorylation
levels of TrkA in the 5 and 10 mol/L treatments were considerably reduced (P < 0.05), while that in MEK and ERK1/2 was remarkably increased (P < 0.05). In short, NRAGE methylation can inhibit BCC’s Pro and regulate BCC’s Pro and Apo through TrkA/MEK/ERK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningxiao Wen
- Department of Laboratory and Pathology, Armed Police Jiangxi Provincial Corps. Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330000, China
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Chen L, Hong W, Ren W, Xu T, Qian Z, He Z. Recent progress in targeted delivery vectors based on biomimetic nanoparticles. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:225. [PMID: 34099630 PMCID: PMC8182741 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00631-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades, great interest has been given to biomimetic nanoparticles (BNPs) since the rise of targeted drug delivery systems and biomimetic nanotechnology. Biological vectors including cell membranes, extracellular vesicles (EVs), and viruses are considered promising candidates for targeted delivery owing to their biocompatibility and biodegradability. BNPs, the integration of biological vectors and functional agents, are anticipated to load cargos or camouflage synthetic nanoparticles to achieve targeted delivery. Despite their excellent intrinsic properties, natural vectors are deliberately modified to endow multiple functions such as good permeability, improved loading capability, and high specificity. Through structural modification and transformation of the vectors, they are pervasively utilized as more effective vehicles that can deliver contrast agents, chemotherapy drugs, nucleic acids, and genes to target sites for refractory disease therapy. This review summarizes recent advances in targeted delivery vectors based on cell membranes, EVs, and viruses, highlighting the potential applications of BNPs in the fields of biomedical imaging and therapy industry, as well as discussing the possibility of clinical translation and exploitation trend of these BNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Weiqi Hong
- Department of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenyan Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhiyong Qian
- Department of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhiyao He
- Department of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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6
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Florke Gee RR, Chen H, Lee AK, Daly CA, Wilander BA, Fon Tacer K, Potts PR. Emerging roles of the MAGE protein family in stress response pathways. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:16121-16155. [PMID: 32921631 PMCID: PMC7681028 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.rev120.008029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The melanoma antigen (MAGE) proteins all contain a MAGE homology domain. MAGE genes are conserved in all eukaryotes and have expanded from a single gene in lower eukaryotes to ∼40 genes in humans and mice. Whereas some MAGEs are ubiquitously expressed in tissues, others are expressed in only germ cells with aberrant reactivation in multiple cancers. Much of the initial research on MAGEs focused on exploiting their antigenicity and restricted expression pattern to target them with cancer immunotherapy. Beyond their potential clinical application and role in tumorigenesis, recent studies have shown that MAGE proteins regulate diverse cellular and developmental pathways, implicating them in many diseases besides cancer, including lung, renal, and neurodevelopmental disorders. At the molecular level, many MAGEs bind to E3 RING ubiquitin ligases and, thus, regulate their substrate specificity, ligase activity, and subcellular localization. On a broader scale, the MAGE genes likely expanded in eutherian mammals to protect the germline from environmental stress and aid in stress adaptation, and this stress tolerance may explain why many cancers aberrantly express MAGEs Here, we present an updated, comprehensive review on the MAGE family that highlights general characteristics, emphasizes recent comparative studies in mice, and describes the diverse functions exerted by individual MAGEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca R Florke Gee
- Cell and Molecular Biology Department, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Helen Chen
- Cell and Molecular Biology Department, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Anna K Lee
- Cell and Molecular Biology Department, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Christina A Daly
- Cell and Molecular Biology Department, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Benjamin A Wilander
- Cell and Molecular Biology Department, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Klementina Fon Tacer
- Cell and Molecular Biology Department, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA; School of Veterinary Medicine, Texas Tech University, Amarillo, Texas, USA.
| | - Patrick Ryan Potts
- Cell and Molecular Biology Department, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.
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Liu H, Zhang X, Yang Q, Zhu X, Chen F, Yue J, Zhou R, Xu Y, Qi S. Knockout of NRAGE promotes autophagy-related gene expression and the periodontitis process in mice. Oral Dis 2020; 27:589-599. [PMID: 32750749 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Neurotrophin receptor-interacting MAGE homologue (NRAGE) plays a crucial role in the regulation of bone metabolism. The present study investigated the regulation role of NRAGE on autophagy activation and periodontitis process during experimental periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Six-week-old wild-type (WT) and NRAGE-/- mice were randomly divided into three time points in the periodontitis groups (0, 2, and 4 weeks). Histopathological changes were determined using the tooth mobility, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Osteoclasts activation and number were investigated using tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining, immunohistochemistry, and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-PCR). The level of autophagy-related gene expression was measured using immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and RT-PCR. RESULTS H&E staining and Micro-CT showed that the destruction of the alveolar bone was considerably more severe in the NRAGE-/- group than the WT group after ligation. Tooth mobility in the NRAGE-/- group was obviously higher than that in the WT group. The activation and number of osteoclasts and the level of autophagy-related gene expression in NRAGE-/- group were significantly higher than that in WT group. CONCLUSIONS The present study showed that knockout of NRAGE induced autophagy-related gene expression and accelerated the process of periodontitis disease via increasing the activity and differentiation of osteoclast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qixiang Yang
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueqin Zhu
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fubo Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Yue
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanzhi Xu
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengcai Qi
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Wu Q, Li J, Song P, Chen J, Xu Y, Qi S, Ma J, Pan Q. Knockdown of NRAGE induces odontogenic differentiation by activating NF-κB signaling in mouse odontoblast-like cells. Connect Tissue Res 2019; 60:71-84. [PMID: 29448842 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2018.1439484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Neurotrophin receptor-interacting MAGE homologue (Nrage) plays an important role in bone development and the metabolism of normal skeletal structures. Our previous study showed that Nrage inhibited the odontogenic differentiation of mouse dental pulp cells. However, the potential roles and mechanism of Nrage in regulating odontogenic differentiation are unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanism of Nrage in odontogenic differentiation of mouse odontoblast-like cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Endogenous expression of Nrage was stably downregulated by lentivirus-mediated shRNA. Mineralized nodules formation was detected by alizarin red S staining. Dmp-1, Dspp, and ALP mRNA and protein levels were detected by qRT-PCR and western blotting, respectively. In addition, ALPase activity was detected. Confocal microscopy and co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) were used to analyze the interactions between NRAGE and NF-κB signaling molecules. An IKK inhibitor was also used in the study. RESULTS NRAGE expression in odontoblasts was downregulated during mouse first maxillary molar development. Moreover, NRAGE expression was downregulated during odontogenic differentiation of odontoblast-like cells. NRAGE knockdown significantly upregulated DMP1 and DSP expression, increased ALPase activity, and promoted mineralized nodule formation. In addition, NRAGE knockdown increased the translocation of NF-κB1 to the nucleus and phosphorylation levels of p65. Co-IP results showed that NRAGE bound to IKKβ. Most importantly, the promoting effect of Nrage knockdown on odontoblastic differentiation was reduced after treatment with an IKK inhibitor. CONCLUSIONS Our data confirmed that NRAGE is an important regulator of odontogenic differentiation of odontoblasts by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway through binding to IKKβ. ABBREVIATIONS Nrage: neurotrophin receptor-interacting MAGE homologue; DSP: dentin sialophospho protein; DMP-1: dentin matrix protein-1; BMP: bone morphogenetic protein; Wnt: wingless; NF-κB: nuclear factor of activated B cells; DAPI: 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; KO: knockout; DPCs: dental pulp cells; AA: ascorbic acid; β-Gly: β-glycerophosphate; Dex: dexamethasone; co-IP: co-immunoprecipitation; IκB: inhibitor of NF-κB; IKK: IκB kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wu
- a Department of Clinical Laboratory , Shanghai 10th People's Hospital of Tongji University , Shanghai , P. R. China.,b Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center , Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Jing Li
- c Department of Clinical Laboratory , Maternal and Child Health Care of Zaozhuang , Shandong , P. R. China
| | - Pingping Song
- d Department of Clinical Laboratory , Liaocheng People's Hospital , Liaocheng , China
| | - Jing Chen
- e Department of Clinical Laboratory , Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital , Luoyang , Henan , P. R. China
| | - Yuanzhi Xu
- f Department of Stomatology , Shanghai 10th People's Hospital of Tongji University , Shanghai , P. R. China
| | - Shengcai Qi
- f Department of Stomatology , Shanghai 10th People's Hospital of Tongji University , Shanghai , P. R. China
| | - Ji Ma
- b Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center , Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China.,g Central Laboratory , Shanghai 10th People's Hospital of Tongji University , Shanghai , P. R. China
| | - Qiuhui Pan
- b Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center , Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
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NRAGE induces β-catenin/Arm O-GlcNAcylation and negatively regulates Wnt signaling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 487:433-437. [PMID: 28427939 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.04.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The Wnt pathway is crucial for animal development, as well as tumor formation. Understanding the regulation of Wnt signaling will help to elucidate the mechanism of the cell cycle, cell differentiation and tumorigenesis. It is generally accepted that in response to Wnt signals, β-catenin accumulates in the cytoplasm and is imported into the nucleus where it recruits LEF/TCF transcription factors to activate the expression of target genes. In this study, we report that human NRAGE, a neurotrophin receptor p75 (p75NTR) binding protein, markedly suppresses the expression of genes activated by the Wnt pathway. Consistent with this finding, loss of function of NRAGE by RNA interference (RNAi) activates the Wnt pathway. Moreover, NRAGE suppresses the induction of axis duplication by microinjected β-catenin in Xenopus embryos. To our surprise, NRAGE induces nuclear localization of β-catenin and increases its DNA binding ability. Further studies reveal that NRAGE leads to the modification of β-catenin/Arm with O-linked beta-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc), and failure of the association between β-catenin/Arm and pygopus(pygo) protein, which is required for transcriptional activation of Wnt target genes. Therefore, our findings suggest a novel mechanism for regulating Wnt signaling.
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Yang K, Wang Y, Ju Y, Li G, Liu C, Liu J, Liu Q, Wen X, Liu LC. p75 neurotrophin receptor regulates differential mineralization of rat ectomesenchymal stem cells. Cell Prolif 2016; 50. [PMID: 27672006 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate whether p75NTR (p75 neurotrophin receptor) regulates differential mineralization capacity of rEMSCs (rat ectomesenchymal stem cells) and underlying mechanisms associated with Mage-D1 (melanoma-associated antigens-D1). MATERIALS AND METHODS Immunohistochemical staining of p75NTR in developing tooth germs was performed on E12.5d (embryonic 12.5 days) and E19.5d (embryonic 19.5 days). E12.5d EMSCs and E19.5d EMSCs were isolated in the same pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats from embryonic maxillofacial processes and tooth germs. p75NTR small-interfering RNA, p75NTR overexpression plasmid, Mage-D1 small-interfering RNA and recombined rat NGF were used to transfect cells. RESULTS p75NTR was expressed in epithelial-mesenchymal interaction areas at E12.5d and E19.5d tooth germ development stages. E19.5d EMSCs had higher p75NTR expression levels and differential mineralization capacity but lower levels of cell proliferation. Under induction by mineralized culture medium, the potential of differential mineralization had identical trends in regulation of p75NTR in EMSCs; Mage-D1 did not fluctuate and TrkA was not expressed. Binding of p75NTR and Mage-D1 were detected. Mage-D1 knockdown significantly down-regulated expression of related genes, which NGF could not rescue. CONCLUSION p75NTR participated in tooth germ development stages and mediated differential mineralization of EMSCs. p75NTR played a critical role in regulating the potential of differential mineralization of EMSCs. Mage-D1 seemed to act as a bridge in the underlying mechanism of effects of p75NTR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yang
- Department of Stomatology, Daping Hospital of the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Daping Hospital of the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yingxin Ju
- Department of Stomatology, Daping Hospital of the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Stomatology, Daping Hospital of the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junyu Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Xinqiao Hospital of the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiujie Wen
- Department of Stomatology, Daping Hospital of the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lu Chuan Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Daping Hospital of the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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11
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Zhang G, Zhou H, Xue X. Complex roles of NRAGE on tumor. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:11535-11540. [PMID: 27209410 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5084-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
NRAGE, also known as Dlxin-1or MAGE-D1, is a member of type II melanoma-associated antigen (MAGE) and plays an essential role in life activities, including differentiation, apoptosis, and cell cycle. Studies increasingly found that NRAGE is closely related to the tumor events, such as tumor occurrence, invasion, and metastasis. However, complex and contradictory functions of NRAGE in different circumstances are observed, suggesting that NRAGE is unique from other MAGE gene family members. This review summarizes recent findings concerning the structure and biological functions of NRAGE, which may provide a basis for a more comprehensive understanding of and further research on NRAGE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Huandi Zhou
- Department of Radiotherapy, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaoying Xue
- Department of Radiotherapy, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
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12
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Zeinieh M, Salehi A, Rajkumar V, Barker PA. p75NTR-dependent Rac1 activation requires receptor cleavage and activation of an NRAGE and NEDD9 signaling cascade. J Cell Sci 2016; 128:447-59. [PMID: 25472715 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.152173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR, also known as tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 16) is implicated in diverse cellular events, but fundamental aspects of its signaling mechanisms remain unclear. To address this, we have established a novel bioassay to characterize signaling cascades activated by p75NTR. We show that in COS7 cells, p75NTR expression causes a large increase in cell surface area that relies on the activation of Rac1, and we demonstrate that the p75NTR-dependent COS7 phenotype is dependent on ADAM17- and c-secretase-dependent cleavage of p75NTR and generation of the p75NTR intracellular domain (p75NTRICD). We show that the p75NTR adaptor protein NRAGE (also known as MAGED1) acts downstream of the p75NTRICD in this cascade and, through a yeast two-hybrid screen, identify NEDD9, a Cas family adaptor protein, as a novel NRAGE-binding partner that mediates p75NTR-dependent Rac1 activation and cell spreading. Our results demonstrate a crucial role for p75NTR cleavage in small GTPase activation and define a novel Rac1 activation pathway involving the p75NTRICD, NRAGE andNEDD9.
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13
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Zhou H, Zhang G, Xue X, Yang Y, Yang Y, Chang X, Ge X, Xiao Z, Guo H, Wang Y. Identification of novel NRAGE involved in the radioresistance of esophageal cancer cells. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:8741-52. [PMID: 26738870 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4747-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is one main method for the treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), and the radioresistance is the predominant cause of patients with local recurrence. The previous results of gene microarray and subsequent verification showed that NRAGE might be involved in radiation resistance of ESCC cells. In this study, we reestablished human esophageal carcinoma radioresistant cell lines TE13R120 and ECA109R60 with gradient dose irradiation as previously reported, respectively. NRAGE expression was high in TE13R120 and ECA109R60 cells and was correlative with ionizing radiation (IR) resistance in clinic. However, the radiosensitivity of TE13R120 cells had a remarkable increase detected by colony formation assays after siRNA against NRAGE (siNRG) transfection into TE13R120 cells. Compared with TE13 cells, an increasing number of TE13R120 cells with NRAGE overexpression in S phase and a lower ratio in G2/M were observed by flow cytometry method (FCM). Intriguingly, the above changes were partially reversed in TE13R120 cells treated with siNRG. More importantly, the ectopic subcellular localization of NRAGE mediated nuclear translocation of β-catenin which may be one reason of IR resistance of esophageal carcinoma cell. These data indicate that NRAGE extremely may be a pivotal factor involved in Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway, mediating nuclear translocation of β-catenin and then facilitating the formation of radioresistance of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huandi Zhou
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaoying Xue
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
| | - Yanling Yang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ye Yang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaojing Chang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaohui Ge
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Zhiqing Xiao
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Han Guo
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yanqiang Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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14
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Charoen KM, Fallica B, Colson YL, Zaman MH, Grinstaff MW. Embedded multicellular spheroids as a biomimetic 3D cancer model for evaluating drug and drug-device combinations. Biomaterials 2013; 35:2264-71. [PMID: 24360576 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Multicellular aggregates of cells, termed spheroids, are of interest for studying tumor behavior and for evaluating the response of pharmacologically active agents. Spheroids more faithfully reproduce the tumor macrostructure found in vivo compared to classical 2D monolayers. We present a method for embedding spheroids within collagen gels followed by quantitative and qualitative whole spheroid and single cell analyses enabling characterization over the length scales from molecular to macroscopic. Spheroid producing and embedding capabilities are demonstrated for U2OS and MDA-MB-231 cell lines, of osteosarcoma and breast adenocarcinoma origin, respectively. Finally, using the MDA-MB-231 tumor model, the chemotherapeutic response between paclitaxel delivery as a bolus dose, as practiced in the clinic, is compared to delivery within an expansile nanoparticle. The expansile nanoparticle delivery route provides a superior outcome and the results mirror those observed in a murine xenograft model. These findings highlight the synergistic beneficial results that may arise from the use of a drug delivery system, and the need to evaluate both drug candidates and delivery systems in the research and preclinical screening phases of a new cancer therapy development program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristie M Charoen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Brian Fallica
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Yolonda L Colson
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Muhammad H Zaman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Mark W Grinstaff
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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15
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Teuber J, Mueller B, Fukabori R, Lang D, Albrecht A, Stork O. The ubiquitin ligase Praja1 reduces NRAGE expression and inhibits neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63067. [PMID: 23717400 PMCID: PMC3661586 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Accepted: 03/27/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that regulated ubiquitination of proteins plays a critical role in the development and plasticity of the central nervous system. We have previously identified the ubiquitin ligase Praja1 as a gene product induced during fear memory consolidation. However, the neuronal function of this enzyme still needs to be clarified. Here, we investigate its involvement in the nerve growth factor (NGF)-induced differentiation of rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells. Praja1 co-localizes with cytoskeleton components and the neurotrophin receptor interacting MAGE homologue (NRAGE). We observed an enhanced expression of Praja1 after 3 days of NGF treatment and a suppression of neurite formation upon Praja1 overexpression in stably transfected PC12 cell lines, which was associated with a proteasome-dependent reduction of NRAGE levels. Our data suggest that Praja1, through ubiquitination and degradation of NRAGE, inhibits neuronal differentiation. The two murine isoforms, Praja1.1 and Praja1.2, appear to be functionally homologous in this respect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Teuber
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Bettina Mueller
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ryoji Fukabori
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Lang
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anne Albrecht
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Stork
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioural Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
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16
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Lai SS, Xue B, Yang Y, Zhao L, Chu CS, Hao JY, Wen CJ. Ror2-Src signaling in metastasis of mouse melanoma cells is inhibited by NRAGE. Cancer Genet 2012; 205:552-62. [PMID: 23142633 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2012.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2012] [Revised: 09/05/2012] [Accepted: 09/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) Ror2 plays important roles in developmental morphogenesis and mediates the filopodia formation in Wnt5a-induced cell migration. However, the function of Ror2 in noncanonical Wnt signaling resulting in cancer metastasis is largely unknown. Here, we show that Ror2 expression is higher in the highly metastatic murine B16-BL6 melanoma cells than in the low metastatic variant B16 cells. Overexpression of Ror2 increases the metastasis ability of B16 cells, and knockdown of Ror2 reduces the migration ability of B16-BL6 cells. Furthermore, the inhibition of Src kinase activity is critical for the Ror2-mediated cell migration upon Wnt5a treatment. The C-terminus of Ror2, which is deleted in brachydactyly type B (BDB), is essential for the mutual interaction with the SH1 domain of Src. Intriguingly, the Neurotrophin receptor-interacting MAGE homologue (NRAGE), which, as we previously reported, can remodel the cellular skeleton and inhibit cell-cell adhesion and metastasis of melanoma and pancreatic cancer, sharply blocks the interaction between Src and Ror2 and inhibits Ror2-mediated B16 cell migration by decreasing the activity of Src and focal adhesion kinase (FAK). Our data show that Ror2 is a potential factor in the tumorigenesis and metastasis in a Src-dependent manner that is negatively regulated by NRAGE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Lai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Nanjing Normal University, and Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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17
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Kim J, Sherman NE, Fox JW, Ginsberg MH. Phosphorylation sites in the cerebral cavernous malformations complex. J Cell Sci 2012; 124:3929-32. [PMID: 22194303 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.095471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jaehong Kim
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0726, USA
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18
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Rochira JA, Matluk NN, Adams TL, Karaczyn AA, Oxburgh L, Hess ST, Verdi JM. A small peptide modeled after the NRAGE repeat domain inhibits XIAP-TAB1-TAK1 signaling for NF-κB activation and apoptosis in P19 cells. PLoS One 2011; 6:e20659. [PMID: 21789165 PMCID: PMC3138748 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0020659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2011] [Accepted: 05/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In normal growth and development, apoptosis is necessary to shape the central nervous system and to eliminate excess neurons which are not required for innervation. In some diseases, however, apoptosis can be either overactive as in some neurodegenerative disorders or severely attenuated as in the spread of certain cancers. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) transmit signals for regulating cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. Responding to BMP receptors stimulated from BMP ligands, neurotrophin receptor-mediated MAGE homolog (NRAGE) binds and functions with the XIAP-TAK1-TAB1 complex to activate p38MAPK and induces apoptosis in cortical neural progenitors. NRAGE contains a unique repeat domain that is only found in human, mouse, and rat homologs that we theorize is pivotal in its BMP MAPK role. Previously, we showed that deletion of the repeat domain inhibits apoptosis, p38MAPK phosphorylation, and caspase-3 cleavage in P19 neural progenitor cells. We also showed that the XIAP-TAB1-TAK1 complex is dependent on NRAGE for IKK-α/β phosphorylation and NF-κB activation. XIAP is a major inhibitor of caspases, the main executioners of apoptosis. Although it has been shown previously that NRAGE binds to the RING domain of XIAP, it has not been determined which NRAGE domain binds to XIAP. Here, we used fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) to determine that there is a strong likelihood of a direct interaction between NRAGE and XIAP occurring at NRAGE's unique repeat domain which we also attribute to be the domain responsible for downstream signaling of NF-κB and activating IKK subunits. From these results, we designed a small peptide modeled after the NRAGE repeat domain which we have determined inhibits NF-κB activation and apoptosis in P19 cells. These intriguing results illustrate that the paradigm of the NRAGE repeat domain may hold promising therapeutic strategies in developing pharmaceutical solutions for combating harmful diseases involving excessive downstream BMP signaling, including apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A. Rochira
- IGERT Functional Genomics Ph.D. Program, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, United States of America
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine, United States of America
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, United States of America
| | - Nicholas N. Matluk
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine, United States of America
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, United States of America
| | - Tamara L. Adams
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine, United States of America
| | - Aldona A. Karaczyn
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine, United States of America
| | - Leif Oxburgh
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine, United States of America
| | - Samuel T. Hess
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, United States of America
| | - Joseph M. Verdi
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Nguyen THN, Bertrand MJM, Sterpin C, Achouri Y, De Backer ORY. Maged1, a new regulator of skeletal myogenic differentiation and muscle regeneration. BMC Cell Biol 2010; 11:57. [PMID: 20646279 PMCID: PMC2912822 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2121-11-57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2010] [Accepted: 07/20/2010] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In normal adult skeletal muscle, cell turnover is very slow. However, after an acute lesion or in chronic pathological conditions, such as primary myopathies, muscle stem cells, called satellite cells, are induced to proliferate, then withdraw definitively from the cell cycle and fuse to reconstitute functional myofibers. RESULTS We show that Maged1 is expressed at very low levels in normal adult muscle but is strongly induced after injury, during the early phase of myoblast differentiation. By comparing in vitro differentiation of myoblasts derived from wild-type or Maged1 knockout mice, we observed that Maged1 deficiency results in reduced levels of p21CIP1/WAF1, defective cell cycle exit and impaired myotube maturation. In vivo, this defect results in delayed regeneration of injured muscle. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate for the first time that Maged1 is an important factor required for proper skeletal myoblast differentiation and muscle healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuan H N Nguyen
- Unité de Recherche en Physiologie Moléculaire, Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences, FUNDP school of Medicine, University of Namur, 21 rue de Bruxelles, Namur B-5000, Belgium
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20
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Feng Z, Li K, Liu M, Wen C. NRAGE is a negative regulator of nerve growth factor-stimulated neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells mediated through TrkA-ERK signaling. J Neurosci Res 2010; 88:1822-8. [PMID: 20127820 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.22340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
NRAGE, also denominated as MAGE-D1 or Dlxin-1, is firstly identified as a molecule interacting with NGF low affinity receptor p75NTR. It facilitates cell cycle arrest and NGF-dependent neuronal apoptosis. Here we report that NRAGE is downregulated while p75NTR is upregulated during the process of NGF-induced neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells. Knockdown of NRAGE by RNA interference accelerates NGF-mediated neurite outgrowth. In addition, in the NRAGE-suppressed cells, NGF-induced ERK activation is increased and this activation is MEK-dependent. Conversely, NRAGE overexpression significantly represses NGF-induced ERK activation. Further studies revealed that NRAGE downregulates TrkA expression through a post-transcriptional manner and thereby blocks NGF-induced TrkA phosphrylation at tyrosine-490. Altogether, these data indicate for the first time that NRAGE is an endogenous inhibitor for NGF-induced neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells by regulating TrkA-ERK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
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21
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Kobayashi D, Kumagai J, Morikawa T, Wilson-Morifuji M, Wilson A, Irie A, Araki N. An integrated approach of differential mass spectrometry and gene ontology analysis identified novel proteins regulating neuronal differentiation and survival. Mol Cell Proteomics 2009; 8:2350-67. [PMID: 19525549 PMCID: PMC2758761 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m900179-mcp200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2009] [Revised: 06/12/2009] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
MS-based quantitative proteomics is widely used for large scale identification of proteins. However, an integrated approach that offers comprehensive proteome coverage, a tool for the quick categorization of the identified proteins, and a standardized biological study method is needed for helping the researcher focus on investigating the proteins with biologically important functions. In this study, we utilized isobaric tagging for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ)-based quantitative differential LC/MS/MS, functional annotation with a proprietary gene ontology tool (Molecular Annotation by Gene Ontology (MANGO)), and standard biochemical methods to identify proteins related to neuronal differentiation in nerve growth factor-treated rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells, which serve as a representative model system for studying neuronal biological processes. We performed MS analysis by using both nano-LC-MALDI-MS/MS and nano-LC-ESI-MS/MS for maximal proteome coverage. Of 1,482 non-redundant proteins semiquantitatively identified, 72 were differentially expressed with 39 up- and 33 down-regulated, including 64 novel nerve growth factor-responsive PC12 proteins. Gene ontology analysis of the differentially expressed proteins by MANGO indicated with statistical significance that the up-regulated proteins were mostly related to the biological processes of cell morphogenesis, apoptosis/survival, and cell differentiation. Some of the up-regulated proteins of unknown function, such as PAIRBP1, translationally controlled tumor protein, prothymosin alpha, and MAGED1, were further analyzed to validate their significant functions in neuronal differentiation by immunoblotting and immunocytochemistry using each antibody combined with a specific short interfering RNA technique. Knockdown of these proteins caused abnormal cell morphological changes, inhibition of neurite formation, and cell death during each course of the differentiation, confirming their important roles in neurite formation and survival of PC12 cells. These results show that our iTRAQ-MANGO-biological analysis framework, which integrates a number of standard proteomics strategies, is effective for targeting and elucidating the functions of proteins involved in the cellular biological process being studied.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiro Kumagai
- §General Research Core Laboratory, Kumamoto University Medical School, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Atsushi Irie
- ¶Immunogenetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University and
| | - Norie Araki
- From the Departments of ‡Tumor Genetics and Biology and
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NRAGE, a p75NTR adaptor protein, is required for developmental apoptosis in vivo. Cell Death Differ 2008; 15:1921-9. [PMID: 18772898 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2008.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
NRAGE (also known as Maged1, Dlxin) is a member of the MAGE gene family that may play a role in the neuronal apoptosis that is regulated by the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR). To test this hypothesis in vivo, we generated NRAGE knockout mice and found that NRAGE deletion caused a defect in developmental apoptosis of sympathetic neurons of the superior cervical ganglia, similar to that observed in p75NTR knockout mice. Primary sympathetic neurons derived from NRAGE knockout mice were resistant to apoptosis induced by brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a pro-apoptotic p75NTR ligand, and NRAGE-deficient sympathetic neurons show attenuated BDNF-dependent JNK activation. Hair follicle catagen is an apoptosis-like process that is dependent on p75NTR signaling; we show that NRAGE and p75NTR show regulated co-expression in the hair follicle and that identical defects in hair follicle catagen are present in NRAGE and p75NTR knockout mice. Interestingly, NRAGE knockout mice have severe defects in motoneuron apoptosis that are not observed in p75NTR knockout animals, raising the possibility that NRAGE may facilitate apoptosis induced by receptors other than p75NTR. Together, these studies demonstrate that NRAGE plays an important role in apoptotic-signaling in vivo.
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23
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Chen M, Zhu M, Awad H, Li TF, Sheu TJ, Boyce BF, Chen D, O'Keefe RJ. Inhibition of beta-catenin signaling causes defects in postnatal cartilage development. J Cell Sci 2008; 121:1455-65. [PMID: 18397998 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.020362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway is essential for normal skeletal development because conditional gain or loss of function of beta-catenin in cartilage results in embryonic or early postnatal death. To address the role of beta-catenin in postnatal skeletal growth and development, Col2a1-ICAT transgenic mice were generated. Mice were viable and had normal size at birth, but became progressively runted. Transgene expression was limited to the chondrocytes in the growth plate and articular cartilages and was associated with decreased beta-catenin signaling. Col2a1-ICAT transgenic mice showed reduced chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation, and an increase in chondrocyte apoptosis, leading to decreased widths of the proliferating and hypertrophic zones, delayed formation of the secondary ossification center, and reduced skeletal growth. Isolated primary Col2a1-ICAT transgenic chondrocytes showed reduced expression of chondrocyte genes associated with maturation, and demonstrated that VEGF gene expression requires cooperative interactions between BMP2 and beta-catenin signaling. Altogether the findings confirm a crucial role for Wnt/beta-catenin in postnatal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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Abstract
Neurotrophin stimulation of tropomyosin-related kinase (Trk) and p75 receptors influences cellular processes such as proliferation, growth, differentiation, and other cell-specific functions, as well as regeneration. In contrast to Trk receptors, which have a well-defined trophic role, p75 has activities ranging from trophism to apoptosis. Continued neurotrophin stimulation of differentiating neurons transforms the initially trophic character of p75 signaling into negative growth control and overstimulation leads to apoptosis. This function shift reflects the signaling effects of ceramide that is generated upon stimulation of p75. The use of ceramide signaling by p75 may provide a key to understanding the cell-biological role of p75. The review presents arguments that the control of cell shape formation and cell selection can serve as an organizing principle of p75 signaling. Concurrent stimulation by neurotrophins of p75 and Trk receptors constitutes a dual growth control with antagonistic and synergistic elements aimed at optimal morphological and functional integration of cells and cell populations into their context.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Blöchl
- Biochemie II, Fakultät Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
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25
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Chu CS, Xue B, Tu C, Feng ZH, Shi YH, Miao Y, Wen CJ. NRAGE suppresses metastasis of melanoma and pancreatic cancer in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Lett 2006; 250:268-75. [PMID: 17140727 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2006.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2006] [Revised: 09/18/2006] [Accepted: 10/17/2006] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
We previously reported that human NRAGE could significantly alter the cellular skeleton and inhibit cell-cell adhesion, suggesting that human NRGAE play a potential role in cellular motility. Here, we report overexpression of human NRAGE in PANC-1 and B16-Bl6 cells could significantly suppress the metastasis of these cells in vitro and in vivo. Consistently, PANC-1 with stable silencing of NRAGE by RNA interference, exhibits a more metastatic phenotype than the native cell. Expression of epithelial proteins, including E-cadherin and beta-catenin is down regulated in siRNA-NRAGE PANC-1 cells. Further studies find that overexpression of human NRAGE suppresses the mRNA expression and activity of MMP2 significantly. Summary, our studies indicate for the first time that NRAGE could suppress metastasis of melanoma and pancreatic cancer probably through downregulation of MMP-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-shun Chu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, PR China
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