1
|
Herb M. NADPH Oxidase 3: Beyond the Inner Ear. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:219. [PMID: 38397817 PMCID: PMC10886416 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were formerly known as mere byproducts of metabolism with damaging effects on cellular structures. The discovery and description of NADPH oxidases (Nox) as a whole enzyme family that only produce this harmful group of molecules was surprising. After intensive research, seven Nox isoforms were discovered, described and extensively studied. Among them, the NADPH oxidase 3 is the perhaps most underrated Nox isoform, since it was firstly discovered in the inner ear. This stigma of Nox3 as "being only expressed in the inner ear" was also used by me several times. Therefore, the question arose whether this sentence is still valid or even usable. To this end, this review solely focuses on Nox3 and summarizes its discovery, the structural components, the activating and regulating factors, the expression in cells, tissues and organs, as well as the beneficial and detrimental effects of Nox3-mediated ROS production on body functions. Furthermore, the involvement of Nox3-derived ROS in diseases progression and, accordingly, as a potential target for disease treatment, will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Herb
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50935 Cologne, Germany;
- German Centre for Infection Research, Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Cluster of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), 50931 Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang J, Kim JS, Kwon YS, Seong ES, Kim MJ. Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activities of Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. Extract and Isolated Compounds. Molecules 2023; 28:7354. [PMID: 37959773 PMCID: PMC10650814 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28217354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary objective of this study was to elucidate the chemical composition, antioxidant properties, and antiproliferative activities of Eclipta prostrata extracts. Two flavonoids, 3'-O-methylorobol and apigenin 7-sulfate, were isolated from the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extract of E. prostrata. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the E. prostrata extracts, as well as their overall antioxidant activities as measured using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and reducing power assays, were investigated. The E. prostrata EtOAc extract exhibited significantly greater antioxidant activities in both assays and higher phenol and flavonoid contents than the other extracts. The potential antiproliferative properties of the E. prostrata extracts and isolated compounds were investigated in vitro against the AGS, A549, and HT-29 cancer cell lines and the normal human HEK-293 cell line using the MTT assay. Annexin V-FITC/PI staining analysis and quantitative real-time PCR were used to assess AGS cell apoptosis. At a concentration of 100 µg/mL, the EtOAc extract of E. prostrata reduced AGS cell viability and proliferation by inducing apoptosis through the alteration of gene expression in the apoptotic cascade. These results highlight E. prostrata as a promising source of anticancer compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Yang
- Research Institute of Food Science & Engineering Technology, Hezhou University, Hezhou 542899, China;
| | - Joo Seok Kim
- Bioherb Research Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Soo Kwon
- Department of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Soo Seong
- Bioherb Research Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Myong Jo Kim
- Bioherb Research Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Salama A, Elgohary R. Influence of chrysin on D-galactose induced-aging in mice: Up regulation of AMP kinase/liver kinase B1/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1-α signaling pathway. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2023; 37:947-959. [PMID: 36977287 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Adenosine monophosphate kinase/liver kinase B1/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1-α (AMPK/LKB1/PGC1α) pathway has a vital role in regulating age-related diseases. It controls neurogenesis, cell proliferation, axon outgrowth, and cellular energy homeostasis. AMPK pathway also regulates mitochondrial synthesis. The current study evaluated the effect of chrysin on D-galactose (D-gal) induced-aging, neuron degeneration, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation in mice. The mice were allocated randomly into four groups (10 each group): Group 1: normal control group, Group 2: D-gal group, Groups 3 and 4: chrysin (125 and 250 mg/kg, respectively). Groups 2-4 were injected with D-gal (200 mg/kg/day; s.c) for 8 weeks to induce aging. Groups 3 and 4 were orally gavaged every day concurrent with D-gal. At the end of experiment, behavioral, brain biochemical and histopathological changes were monitored. Chrysin administration elevated discrimination ratio in object recognition, Y Maze percentage alternation, locomotor activity and brain contents of AMPK, LKB1, PGC1α, NAD (P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), nerve growth factor (NGF) (neurotrophin-3; NT-3), and seretonin as well as reduced brain contents of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) compared to D-gal-treated mice. Chrysin also alleviated cerebral cortex and white matter neurons degeneration. Chrysin protects against neurodegeneration, improves mitochondrial autophagy and biogenesis as well as activates antioxidant genes expression. In addition, chrysin ameliorates neuroinflammation and stimulates the release of NGF and serotonin neurotransmitter. So, chrysin has a neuroprotective effect in D-gal induced-aging in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Salama
- Pharmacology Department, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Cairo, Dokki, 12622, Egypt
| | - Rania Elgohary
- Narcotics, Ergogenics and Poisons Department, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Cairo, Dokki, 12622, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sarhan NR, El Nashar EM, Hamza E, El-Beah SM, Alghamdi MA, Al-Khater KM, Aldahhan RA, Abul-Ela ES. Nuclear factor erythrogen-2 associated factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling is an essential molecular pathway for the anti-aging effect of whey protein in the prefrontal cortex of aging rat model (Histological and Biochemical Study). Tissue Cell 2023; 84:102192. [PMID: 37579617 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a highly complicated natural process. Brain aging is associated with remarkable neurodegenerative changes and oxidative damage. Whey protein (WP) has been mentioned to have an antioxidant property. Nuclear factor erythrogen-2 associated factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway is an antioxidant defense system. Nrf2 activity declines with age so, its activation could be a promising therapeutic strategy for aging. This study aimed to explore the anti-aging role of WP against D-galactose (D-gal) induced age-related degenerative changes and oxidative damage in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and investigate its underlying mechanisms. Forty adult male rats were divided into 4 groups; control, WP group received WP (28.77 mg/kg/day) by gastric tube on the 4th experimental week; D-gal (model group) received D-gal (300 mg/kg/day) intraperitoneally for 8 weeks and D-gal +WP group received WP on the 4th week of D-gal treatment. Specimens from PFC were obtained for biochemical, histological, immunohistochemical and western blot analysis. WP treatment in D-gal +WP group reduced lipid peroxidation, enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities, decreased advanced glycation end products level and improved the histological and ultrastructural alterations. Moreover, the number of neurons expressed the senescence marker; p21 and percentage area of the astrocytic marker; glial fibrillary acidic protein were significantly reduced. WP also enhanced Nrf2 pathway and its downstream targets; heme oxygenase-1 and NADPH quinone oxidoreductase 1. In conclusion WP alleviates the D-gal-induced PFC aging through activating Nrf2 pathway, reducing cell senescence and gliosis. So, it may be a potential therapeutic target to retard the aging process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nahla Reda Sarhan
- Medical Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt; Medical Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Horus University - Egypt.
| | - Eman Mohamed El Nashar
- Department of Anatomy, college of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Hamza
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt; Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Horus University - Egypt
| | - Shimaa M El-Beah
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt; Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Badr University in Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mansour Abdullah Alghamdi
- Department of Anatomy, college of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; Genomics and Personalized Medicine Unit, college of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khulood Mohammed Al-Khater
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box, 2114, Dammam 31451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashid A Aldahhan
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box, 2114, Dammam 31451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Shaaban Abul-Ela
- Medical Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rempuia V, Anima B, Jeremy M, Gurusubramanian G, Pankaj PP, Kharwar RK, Roy VK. Effects of metformin on the uterus of d-galactose-induced aging mice: Histomorphometric, immunohistochemical localization (B-cell lymphoma 2, Bcl2-associated X protein, and active capase3), and oxidative stress study. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY. PART A, ECOLOGICAL AND INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 337:600-611. [PMID: 35286779 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
d-galactose (DG)-induced rodent aging model has widely been used for the study of age-related dysfunctions of various organs, including gonads and uterus. Antidiabetic drug metformin has gained an attention as antiaging drug in model organism and human but its effect on uterus has not been studied in relation to induced aging. Therefore, we investigated the effect of metformin on uterus of DG-induced aging mice model. Mice were randomly divided into three groups, that is, control (CN), DG-induced aging model and aging model treated with metformin. Histomorphometric results showed significantly decreased number of uterine glands, endometrial thickness, and increased luminal epithelium height in aging model. Furthermore, metformin resumed the number of uterine glands, endometrial thickness, and luminal epithelium height up to CN group. Metformin has also significantly decreased the age-associated oxidative stress (malondialdehyde and lipid hydroperoxide). Superoxide dismutase was significantly decreased in both treated groups compared to the CN group. However, catalase and glutathione peroxidase enzymes were significantly increased by metformin compared to the aging model. Immunostaining of active caspase3 and BAX were intense in the endometrium of aging model compare to CN- and metformin-treated groups. Localization of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2) showed intense immunostaining in the uterus of CN- and metformin-treated groups, with mild immunostaining in aging model. Our observations suggested that metformin treatment might be helpful for management of age-associated uterine dysfunctions. Moreover, it may be concluded that metformin might ameliorate uterine dysfunctions by reducing oxidative stress, suppressing apoptosis, and increasing the survival/antiapoptotic protein Bcl2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanlal Rempuia
- Department of Zoology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, India
| | - Borgohain Anima
- Department of Zoology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, India
| | | | | | - Pranay P Pankaj
- Department of Zoology, Nagaland University, Lumami, Nagaland, India
| | - Rajesh K Kharwar
- Department of Zoology, Kutir Post Graduate College, Chakkey, Jaunpur, India
| | - Vikas K Roy
- Department of Zoology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cheng LH, Chou PY, Hou AT, Huang CL, Shiu WL, Wang S. Lactobacillus paracasei PS23 improves cognitive deficits via modulating the hippocampal gene expression and the gut microbiota in D-galactose-induced aging mice. Food Funct 2022; 13:5240-5251. [PMID: 35438699 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00165a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Probiotic supplements are potential therapeutic agents for age-related cognitive deficits. A prior study showed that probiotic Lactobacillus paracasei PS23 (PS23) supplementation delayed age-related cognitive decline in mice. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of live or heat-killed PS23 (HK-PS23) on cognitive function in D-galactose (D-gal)-induced aging mice and explore the underlying mechanisms. We designed four groups of mice: control, D-gal aging mice, and PS23 supplemented and HK-PS23 supplemented D-gal aging mice. We evaluated memory function and anxiety using Morris water maze and open field tests, respectively. Neural monoamines and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the hippocampus were evaluated. RNA-seq was used to evaluate hippocampal gene expression profiles in each group, and the composition of the gut microbiota was analyzed. We revealed that PS23 and HK-PS23 supplementation ameliorated D-gal-induced memory deficits and improved motor and anxiety-behaviors in aging mice. In the hippocampus, serotonin levels (5-HT) were increased and the genes involved in neuroplasticity, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant functions were upregulated in PS23 and HK-PS23 supplemented groups. The gut microbiota showed specific changes. Our results suggest that PS23 and HK-PS23 supplements could ameliorate age-related cognitive decline, possibly by upregulating the genes involved in synaptic plasticity and preventing oxidation and inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - An-Tian Hou
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | | | - Wei-Lin Shiu
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Sabrina Wang
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kumar R, Kumar R, Sharma N, Khurana N, Singh SK, Satija S, Mehta M, Vyas M. Pharmacological evaluation of bromelain in mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Neurotoxicology 2022; 90:19-34. [PMID: 35219781 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2022.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The current study elucidates pharmacological evaluation of bromelain as a bioactive compound obtain from pineapple stem belongs to family Bromeliaceae in AlCl3 and D - galactose induced mice. In mice, co-administration of AlCl3 at dose 5 mg/kg b.w., via the oral route, and D - galactose at dose 60 mg/kg b.w., via intraperitoneal route for 90 days resulted in cognitive impairment, spatial learning, and memory deficits, as well as neurotoxicity. However, 30 consecutive days, treatments via an intraperitoneal route with bromelain low dose (Brm L) at dose 10 mg/kg b.w., bromelain high dose (Brm H) at dose 20 mg/kg b.w., donepezil (Dnpz) at dose 2 mg/kg b.w., and Brm L + Dnpz at doses 10, 2 mg/kg b.w. were considerably reversed the effect of AlCl3 and D - galactose induced AD mice. Consequences of behavioral parameters (Morris water maze, elevated plus maze and locomotor), biochemical estimation (MDA, GSH, SOD, CAT, Nitrite and AChE), and ELISA tests (mouse BACE, Aβ1 - 42, TNF-α, IL-6, and BDNF) confirmed significant (p < 0.05) neuroprotective effect of treatments in AlCl3 and D - galactose induced mice. Additionally, hematoxylin and eosin staining of the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus exposed eosinophilic lesions and hyperchromatic nuclei in AD mice, but these neurodegenerative effects were eliminated by Brm L, Brm H, Dnpz, and Brm L + Dnpz treatments. Thus, bromelain alone and in combination with donepezil prevent AlCl3 and D - galactose induced spatial learning and memory deficits, as well as cognitive impairment, by increasing cholinergic activity and synaptic plasticity, as well as reducing oxidative damage, neuroinflammation, Aβ 1-42 aggregations, and histopathological damage, according to our findings. The present study consequences indicate that bromelain alone and in combination with donepezil appears to have neuroprotective properties. Henceforward, this may be a promising treatment option for Alzheimer's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Rajan Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Neha Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Navneet Khurana
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India.
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Saurabh Satija
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Meenu Mehta
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Manish Vyas
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
WIN55,212-2 Attenuates Cognitive Impairments in AlCl 3 + d-Galactose-Induced Alzheimer's Disease Rats by Enhancing Neurogenesis and Reversing Oxidative Stress. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9091270. [PMID: 34572456 PMCID: PMC8465335 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurotransmission and cognitive dysfunctions have been linked to old age disorders including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Aluminium is a known neurotoxic metal, whereas d-galactose (d-gal) has been established as a senescence agent. WIN55,212-2 (WIN), is a potent cannabinoid agonist which partially restores neurogenesis in aged rats. The current study aimed to explore the therapeutic potentials of WIN on Aluminium chloride (AlCl3) and d-gal-induced rat models with cognitive dysfunction. Healthy male albino Wistar rats weighing between 200–250 g were injected with d-gal 60 mg/kg intra peritoneally (i.p), while AlCl3 (200 mg/kg) was orally administered once daily for 10 consecutive weeks. Subsequently, from weeks 8–11 rats were co-administered with WIN (0.5, 1 and 2 mg/kg/day) and donepezil 1 mg/kg. The cognitive functions of the rats were assessed with a Morris water maze (MWM). Furthermore, oxidative stress biomarkers; malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and neurogenesis markers: Nestin and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were also evaluated, as well as the histology of the hippocampus. The results revealed that rats exposed to AlCl3 and d-gal alone showed cognitive impairments and marked neuronal loss (p < 0.05) in their hippocampal conus ammonis 1 (CA1). Additionally, a significant decrease in the expressions of GFAP and Nestin was also observed, including increased levels of MDA and decreased levels of SOD and GSH. However, administration of WIN irrespective of the doses given reversed the cognitive impairments and the associated biochemical derangements. As there were increases in the levels SOD, GSH, Nestin and GFAP (p < 0.05), while a significant decrease in the levels of MDA was observed, besides attenuation of the aberrant cytoarchitecture of the rat’s hippocampi. The biochemical profiles of the WIN-treated rats were normal. Thus, these findings offer possible scientific evidence of WIN being an effective candidate in the treatment of AD-related cognitive deficits.
Collapse
|
9
|
Ziziphus jujuba (Rhamnaceae) Alleviates Working Memory Impairment and Restores Neurochemical Alterations in the Prefrontal Cortex of D-Galactose-Treated Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6610864. [PMID: 34194520 PMCID: PMC8184324 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6610864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive cognitive dysfunction. However, pharmacological treatments are symptomatic and have many side effects, opening the opportunity to alternative medicine. This study investigated the antiamnesic effect of the aqueous extract of Ziziphus jujuba on D-galactose-induced working memory impairment in rats. Impairment of working memory was induced by subcutaneous (s.c.) injection of D-galactose (350 mg/kg/day) to rats for 21 days. These animals were then subjected to object recognition and Y-maze tests. Rats with confirmed memory impairment were treated per os (p.o.) with tacrine (10 mg/kg), aspirin (20 mg/kg, p.o.), extract (41.5, 83, and 166 mg/kg, p.o.), and distilled water (10 mL/kg, p.o.) daily for 14 days. At the end of the treatments, alteration in working memory was assessed using the above paradigms. Afterward, these animals were euthanized, and cholinergic, proinflammatory, and neuronal damage markers were analyzed in the prefrontal cortex. Rats administered D-galactose and treated with distilled water had impaired working memory (evidenced by decreased time spent on the novel object and discrimination index) and decreased spontaneous alternation in the Y-maze. D-galactose also decreased the levels of acetylcholinesterase and acetylcholine and increased the level of glial fibrillary acidic protein, ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ). Treatment with the extract (166 mg/kg) reversed the time spent on the novel object and the discrimination index. It equally increased the percentage of spontaneous alternation. Neurochemical analysis revealed that the extract markedly alleviated acetylcholinesterase activity and neuroinflammation. These observations were corroborated by the reduction in neuronal loss. Taken together, these results suggest that Ziziphus jujuba aqueous extract possesses an antiamnesic effect. This effect seems to involve cholinergic and anti-inflammatory modulations. This, therefore, claims using this plant in the treatment of dementia in Cameroon subject to further studies and trials.
Collapse
|
10
|
Garcez ML, Cassoma RCS, Mina F, Bellettini-Santos T, da Luz AP, Schiavo GL, Medeiros EB, Campos ACBF, da Silva S, Rempel LCT, Steckert AV, Barichello T, Budni J. Folic acid prevents habituation memory impairment and oxidative stress in an aging model induced by D-galactose. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:213-224. [PMID: 33219893 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-020-00647-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of folic acid treatment in an animal model of aging induced by D-galactose (D-gal). For this propose, adult male Wistar rats received D-gal intraperitoneally (100 mg/kg) and/or folic acid orally (5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg or 50 mg/kg) for 8 weeks. D-gal caused habituation memory impairment, and folic acid (10 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg) reversed this effect. However, folic acid 50 mg/kg per se caused habituation memory impairment. D-gal increased the lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage to proteins in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus from rats. Folic acid (5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, or 50 mg/kg) partially reversed the oxidative damage to lipids in the hippocampus, but not in the prefrontal cortex, and reversed protein oxidative damage in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. D-gal induced synaptophysin and BCL-2 decrease in the hippocampus and phosphorylated tau increase in the prefrontal cortex. Folic acid was able to reverse these D-gal-related alterations in the protein content. The present study shows folic acid supplementation as an alternative during the aging to prevent cognitive impairment and brain alterations that can cause neurodegenerative diseases. However, additional studies are necessary to elucidate the effect of folic acid in aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Lima Garcez
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Chiengo Sapalo Cassoma
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Francielle Mina
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Tatiani Bellettini-Santos
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Aline Pereira da Luz
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Luis Schiavo
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Eduarda Behenck Medeiros
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Brunatto Falchetti Campos
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Sabrina da Silva
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Lisienny Campoli Tono Rempel
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Amanda Valnier Steckert
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Barichello
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
- Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Josiane Budni
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Neuroprotective Benefits of Exercise and MitoQ on Memory Function, Mitochondrial Dynamics, Oxidative Stress, and Neuroinflammation in D-Galactose-Induced Aging Rats. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11020164. [PMID: 33514020 PMCID: PMC7910851 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11020164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise and antioxidants have health benefits that improve cognitive impairment and may act synergistically. In this study, we examined the effects of treadmill exercise (TE) and mitochondria-targeted antioxidant mitoquinone (MitoQ), individually or combined, on learning and memory, mitochondrial dynamics, NADPH oxidase activity, and neuroinflammation and antioxidant activity in the hippocampus of D-galactose-induced aging rats. TE alone and TE combined with MitoQ in aging rats reduced mitochondrial fission factors (Drp1, Fis1) and increased mitochondrial fusion factors (Mfn1, Mfn2, Opa1). These groups also exhibited improved NADPH oxidase activity and antioxidant activity (SOD-2, catalase). TE or MitoQ alone decreased neuroinflammatory response (COX-2, TNF-α), but the suppression was greater with their combination. In addition, aging-increased neuroinflammation in the dentate gyrus was decreased in TE but not MitoQ treatment. Learning and memory tests showed that, contrarily, MitoQ alone demonstrated some similar effects to TE but not a definitive improvement. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that MitoQ exerted some positive effects on aging when used as an isolated treatment, but TE had a more effective role on cognitive impairment, oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondria dysfunction. Our findings suggest that the combination of TE and MitoQ exerted no synergistic effects and indicated regular exercise should be the first priority in neuroprotection of age-related cognitive decline.
Collapse
|
12
|
Oskouei Z, Mehri S, Kalalinia F, Hosseinzadeh H. Evaluation of the effect of thymoquinone in d-galactose-induced memory impairments in rats: Role of MAPK, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation pathways and telomere length. Phytother Res 2020; 35:2252-2266. [PMID: 33325602 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
D-galactose (d-gal) induces aging and memory impairment via oxidative stress and neuroinflammation pathways. This study evaluated the neuroprotective activity of thymoquinone (TQ) against d-gal. d-gal (400 mg/kg, SC), d-gal plus TQ (2.5, 5, 10 mg/kg, i.p.), and TQ alone (2.5 and 10 mg/kg) for 8 weeks were administered to rats. The effect of TQ on learning and memory were studied using the Morris water maze test. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels were determined in the hippocampus. The levels of MAPKs (p-ERK/ERK, p-P38/P38), cAMP response elements binding (p-CREB/CREB), advanced glycation end products (AGEs), inflammatory markers (TNFα, IL-1β), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were analyzed by western blotting. Telomere length was evaluated using real-time PCR. Memory and learning impairment, MDA enhancement, GSH reduction, and neuroinflammation via increasing the TNFα, IL-1β, and GFAP contents were observed in d-gal group. TQ with d-gal, improved memory impairment, reduced oxidative stress, and alleviated neuroinflammation. The elevated level of AGEs decreased by TQ compared to d-gal. No changes were observed in the levels of p-ERK/ERK, p-CREB/CREB, p-P38/P38, BDNF, and telomere length following administration of d-gal or TQ plus d-gal. TQ improved memory deficits of d-gal through anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Oskouei
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Soghra Mehri
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Kalalinia
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Verkhratsky A, Augusto-Oliveira M, Pivoriūnas A, Popov A, Brazhe A, Semyanov A. Astroglial asthenia and loss of function, rather than reactivity, contribute to the ageing of the brain. Pflugers Arch 2020; 473:753-774. [PMID: 32979108 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-020-02465-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Astroglia represent a class of heterogeneous, in form and function, cells known as astrocytes, which provide for homoeostasis and defence of the central nervous system (CNS). Ageing is associated with morphological and functional remodelling of astrocytes with a prevalence of morphological atrophy and loss of function. In particular, ageing is associated with (i) decrease in astroglial synaptic coverage, (ii) deficits in glutamate and potassium clearance, (iii) reduced astroglial synthesis of synaptogenic factors such as cholesterol, (iv) decrease in aquaporin 4 channels in astroglial endfeet with subsequent decline in the glymphatic clearance, (v) decrease in astroglial metabolic support through the lactate shuttle, (vi) dwindling adult neurogenesis resulting from diminished proliferative capacity of radial stem astrocytes, (vii) decline in the astroglial-vascular coupling and deficient blood-brain barrier and (viii) decrease in astroglial ability to mount reactive astrogliosis. Decrease in reactive capabilities of astroglia are associated with rise of age-dependent neurodegenerative diseases. Astroglial morphology and function can be influenced and improved by lifestyle interventions such as intellectual engagement, social interactions, physical exercise, caloric restriction and healthy diet. These modifications of lifestyle are paramount for cognitive longevity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexei Verkhratsky
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK. .,Achucarro Center for Neuroscience, IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011, Bilbao, Spain. .,Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU and CIBERNED, Leioa, Spain.
| | - Marcus Augusto-Oliveira
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Augustas Pivoriūnas
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, LT-01102, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Alexander Popov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya street 16/10, Moscow, Russia, 117997
| | - Alexey Brazhe
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya street 16/10, Moscow, Russia, 117997.,Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Alexey Semyanov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya street 16/10, Moscow, Russia, 117997. .,Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Spermidine, a caloric restriction mimetic, provides neuroprotection against normal and D-galactose-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis through activation of autophagy in male rats during aging. Biogerontology 2020; 22:35-47. [PMID: 32979155 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-020-09900-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Spermidine (SPD) is a natural polyamine present in all living organisms and is involved in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis by inducing autophagy in different model organisms. Its role as a caloric restriction mimetic (CRM) is still being investigated. We have undertaken this study to investigate whether SPD, acting as a CRM, can confer neuroprotection in D-galactose induced accelerated senescence model rat and naturally aged rats through modulation of autophagy and inflammation. Young male rats (4 months), D-gal induced (500 mg/kg b.w., subcutaneously) aging and naturally aged (22 months) male rats were supplemented with SPD (10 mg/kg b.w., orally) for 6 weeks. Standard protocols were employed to measure prooxidants, antioxidants, apoptotic cell death and electron transport chain complexes in brain tissues. Gene expression analysis with reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to assess the expression of autophagy and inflammatory marker genes. Our data demonstrate that SPD significantly (p ≤ 0.05) decreased the level of pro-oxidants and increased the level of antioxidants. SPD supplementation also augmented the activities of electron transport chain complexes in aged brain mitochondria thus proving its antioxidant potential at the level of mitochondria. RT-PCR data revealed that SPD up-regulated the expression of autophagy genes (ATG-3, Beclin-1, ULK-1 and LC3B) and down-regulated the expression of the inflammatory gene (IL-6) in aging brain. Our results provide first line of evidence that SPD provides neuroprotection against aging-induced oxidative stress by regulating autophagy, antioxidants level and also reduces neuroinflammation. These results suggest that SPD may be beneficial for neuroprotection during aging and age-related disorders.
Collapse
|
15
|
Al-Baqami NM, Hamza RZ. Synergistic antioxidant capacities of vanillin and chitosan nanoparticles against reactive oxygen species, hepatotoxicity, and genotoxicity induced by aging in male Wistar rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2020; 40:183-202. [PMID: 32857622 DOI: 10.1177/0960327120943267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the synergistic effects of both vanillin (V) and chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) in alleviating hepatotoxicity, oxidative injury, and genotoxicity induced by d-galactose (DG) and resulted from aging in male albino rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into seven groups (10 rats/group) as follows: control group, (DG) group (100 mg/kg), (V) group (100 mg/kg), CNPs either (low dose (LD) or CNPs (high dose (HD) (140 mg/kg) and (280 mg/kg), and CNPs (LD and HD) dose with V- and DG plus V-treated groups. The CNPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), zeta potential, and size distribution of nanoparticles. After 60 consecutive days of exposure, some biochemical parameters were measured as hepatic aminotransferases enzymes, lipid profile, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6 (IL-6), markers of inflammation, tissue damage lactate dehydrogenase, C-reactive protein (CRP), mitochondrial potential activities, myeloperoxidase, xanthine oxidase, CRP, succinate dehydrogenase, mitochondria membrane potential, malondialdehyde levels and antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione S-transferase), and adenosine triphosphate content with histological, alkaline comet assay, and TEM examination of the hepatic tissues. CNPs showed that size distribution (polydispersity index) 0.350 nm and the zeta potential measurement of CNPs were found to be -14.9 mV which revealed the high stability of CNPs. DG induced biochemical and cellular alterations in the hepatic tissues. CNPs and V synergistically afforded protection against hepatic injury and oxidative stress resulting from aging that was induced by DG. Consequently, CNPs were an effective agent in the drug delivery in the hepatic diseases medications and act as a carrier for V and thus make synergistic effect between CNPs and V that achieved the high antioxidant capacities. CNPs and V improved the hepatic enzymes, which act as anti-inflammatory and antigenotoxicity, and improved the antioxidant capacities in the hepatic tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N M Al-Baqami
- Department of Biological Sciences "Zoology", 37848King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - R Z Hamza
- Biology Department, College of Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.,Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, 68799Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Travica N, Ried K, Hudson I, Sali A, Scholey A, Pipingas A. The Contribution of Plasma and Brain Vitamin C on Age and Gender-Related Cognitive Differences: A Mini-Review of the Literature. Front Integr Neurosci 2020; 14:47. [PMID: 32973470 PMCID: PMC7471743 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2020.00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that sex differences in the brain may contribute to gender-related behavioral differences, including cognitive function. Literature has revealed gender dimorphisms in cognitive function between males and females. Additionally, several risk factors associated with cognitive decline depend on chronological age. It is well recognized that the process of aging is associated with a decline in cognitive ability and brain function. Various explanations may account for these gender-related cognitive differences and age-associated cognitive changes. Recent investigations have highlighted the importance of vitamin C in maintaining brain health and its association with cognitive function in both cognitively intact and impaired cohorts. The present review explores previous literature that has evaluated differences in plasma/brain vitamin C between genders and during aging. It then assesses whether these age and gender-related differences may affect the relationship between plasma/brain vitamin C and cognition. The purpose of this review was to examine the evidence for a link between plasma/brain vitamin C and cognition and the impact of gender and age on this relationship. Epidemiological studies have frequently shown higher vitamin C plasma concentrations in women. Similarly, aging has been systematically associated with reductions in plasma vitamin C levels. A range of animal studies has demonstrated potential gender and age-related differences in vitamin C brain distribution and utilization. The reviewed literature suggests that gender differences in plasma and brain vitamin C may potentially contribute to differences in gender-associated cognitive ability, particularly while females are pre-menopausal. Additionally, we can propose that age-associated differences in plasma and brain vitamin C may be potentially linked to age-associated cognitive differences, with older cohorts appearing more vulnerable to experience declines in plasma vitamin C concentrations alongside compromised vitamin C brain regulation. This review encourages future investigations to take into account both gender and age when assessing the link between plasma vitamin C concentrations and cognitive function. Further large scale investigations are required to assess whether differences in cognitive function between genders and age groups may be causally attributed to plasma vitamin C status and brain distribution and utilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaj Travica
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- The National Institute of Integrative Medicine, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Karin Ried
- The National Institute of Integrative Medicine, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Discipline of General Practice, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Torrens University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Irene Hudson
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, Mathematical Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT), Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- School of Mathematical and Physical Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Avni Sali
- The National Institute of Integrative Medicine, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew Scholey
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew Pipingas
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ansari F, Pourjafar H, Tabrizi A, Homayouni A. The Effects of Probiotics and Prebiotics on Mental Disorders: A Review on Depression, Anxiety, Alzheimer, and Autism Spectrum Disorders. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2020; 21:555-565. [PMID: 31914909 DOI: 10.2174/1389201021666200107113812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Probiotics and their nutrient sources (prebiotics) have been shown to have positive effects on different organs of the host. The idea of their potential benefits on Central Nervous Systems (CNS) and the incidence of Anxiety, Schizophrenia, Alzheimer, Depression, Autism, and other mental disorders has proposed a new category of medicines called "psychobiotic" which is hoped to be of low-side effect anti-inflammatory, antidepressant, and anti-anxiety constitutes. OBJECTIVE In the current review, we present valuable insights into the complicated interactions between the GI microbiota (especially in the colon), brain, immune and central nervous systems and provide a summary of the main findings of the effects of pro- and prebiotics on important mental disorders from the potential mechanisms of action to their application in clinical practice. METHODS Google Scholar, Pub Med, Scopus, and Science Direct databases were searched using following key words: "probiotics", "prebiotics", "mental disorders", "psychological disorders", "depression", "anxiety", "stress", "Alzheimer" and "autism spectrum". The full text of potentially eligible studies was retrieved and assessed in detail by the reviewers. Data were extracted and then summarized from the selected papers. RESULTS The results of the provided evidence suggest that probiotic and prebiotics might improve mental function via several mechanisms. The beneficial effects of their application in Depression, Anxiety, Alzheimer and autism spectrum diseases have also been supported in clinical studies. CONCLUSION Pro and prebiotics can improve mental health and psychological function and can be offered as new medicines for common mental disorders, however, more clinical studies are necessary to conduct regarding the clinical significance of the effects and their bioequivalence or superiority against current treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Ansari
- Research Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Health Management and Safety Promotion Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Iranian EBM Centre: A Joanna Briggs Institute Affiliated Group, Tabriz, Iran.,Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadi Pourjafar
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran.,Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Dietary supplements and Probiotic Research Center, Karaj, Iran
| | - Aydin Tabrizi
- Pediatrics Neurology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aziz Homayouni
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Rebelo AL, Bizeau J, Russo L, Pandit A. Glycan-Functionalized Collagen Hydrogels Modulate the Glycoenvironment of a Neuronal Primary Culture. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:2681-2694. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lúcia Rebelo
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland H91 W2TY
| | - Joëlle Bizeau
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland H91 W2TY
| | - Laura Russo
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Abhay Pandit
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland H91 W2TY
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Cheng SM, Ho YJ, Yu SH, Liu YF, Lin YY, Huang CY, Ou HC, Huang HL, Lee SD. Anti-Apoptotic Effects of Diosgenin in D-Galactose-Induced Aging Brain. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2020; 48:391-406. [PMID: 32138534 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x20500202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of diosgenin on the D-galactose-induced cerebral cortical widely dispersed apoptosis. Male 12-week-old Wistar rats were divided into four groups: Control (1mg/kg/day of saline, i.p.), DD0 (150mg/kg/day of D-galactose, i.p.), DD10, and DD50 (D-galactose+10 or 50mg/kg/day of diosgenin orally). After eight weeks, histopathological analysis, positive TUNEL and Western blotting assays were performed on the excised cerebral cortex from all four groups. The TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells, the components of Fas pathway (Fas, FADD, active caspase-8 and active caspase-3), and mitochondria pathway (t-Bid, Bax, cytochrome c, active caspase-9 and active caspase-3) were increased in the DD0 group compared with the control group, whereas they were decreased in the DD50 group. The components of survival pathway (p-Bad, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, IGF-1, p-PI3K and p-AKT) were increased in the DD50 group compared to the control group, whereas the levels of Bcl-xL, p-PI3K, and p-AKT were also compensatorily increased in the DD0 group compared to the control group. Taken together, diosgenin suppressed D-galactose-induced neuronal Fas-dependent and mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathways and enhanced the Bcl-2 family associated pro-survival and IGF-1-PI3K-AKT survival pathways, which might provide neuroprotective effects of diosgenin for prevention of the D-galactose-induced aging brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiu-Min Cheng
- Department of HealthCare Administration, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Jui Ho
- Department of Psychology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Hong Yu
- College of Rehabilitation, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Fan Liu
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Yuan Lin
- Department of Physical Therapy, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Rehabilitation, Seventh People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Chung Ou
- Department of Physical Therapy, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hai-Liang Huang
- College of Rehabilitation, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Shin-Da Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.,College of Rehabilitation, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong, P. R. China.,Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Xie Q, Zhang L, Xie L, Zheng Y, Liu K, Tang H, Liao Y, Li X. Z‐ligustilide: A review of its pharmacokinetics and pharmacology. Phytother Res 2020; 34:1966-1991. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingxuan Xie
- School of PharmacyChengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- School of PharmacyChengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
| | - Long Xie
- School of PharmacyChengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
| | - Yu Zheng
- School of PharmacyChengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
| | - Kai Liu
- School of PharmacyChengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
| | - Hailong Tang
- School of PharmacyChengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
| | - Yanmei Liao
- School of PharmacyChengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- School of PharmacyChengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhang J, Liu X, Pan J, Zhao Q, Li Y, Gao W, Zhang Z. Anti-aging effect of brown black wolfberry on Drosophila melanogaster and d-galactose-induced aging mice. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
|
22
|
Hosseini L, Farokhi-Sisakht F, Badalzadeh R, Khabbaz A, Mahmoudi J, Sadigh-Eteghad S. Nicotinamide Mononucleotide and Melatonin Alleviate Aging-induced Cognitive Impairment via Modulation of Mitochondrial Function and Apoptosis in the Prefrontal Cortex and Hippocampus. Neuroscience 2019; 423:29-37. [PMID: 31678348 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Given the fact that both melatonin and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) act as pleiotropic agents in various age-related cognitive disorders, we aimed to investigate the effect of these compounds separately and together on the cognitive outcomes, mitochondrial function, and apoptosis in aged rats. Forty old and ten young (24 and 3 months old, respectively) male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into five groups: Young+Normal saline (NS), Aged+NS, Aged+Melatonin, Aged+NMN, and Aged+melatonin+NMN. Melatonin (10 mg/kg) and NMN (100 mg/kg) were administered, separately or in combination for 28 every other day in aged animals. The Barnes maze and novel object recognition test were used to assess spatial and episodic-like memories, respectively. Also, apoptosis and alterations in mitochondrial function including reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ATP levels as well as mitochondrial membrane potential were assessed in both prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus (HIP) regions. Behavioral results revealed that NMN and melatonin separately or in combination, alleviate aging-induced memory impairment. Moreover, agents' co-administration declined mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptotic cell count both in PFC and HIP regions. The agents separately or in combination (more potent) could induce neuroprotective effect and improve learning and memory in aged animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leila Hosseini
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Reza Badalzadeh
- Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Molecular Medicine Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aytak Khabbaz
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Javad Mahmoudi
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Sadigh-Eteghad
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Li C, Shi S. Neuroprotective Effect of Huperzine A on d-Galactose-Induced Hearing Dysfunction. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2019; 100:269S-276S. [PMID: 31554431 DOI: 10.1177/0145561319864570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Administration of d-galactose (d-gal) has been used to create animal models of neurodegenerative diseases, and huperzine A has been used to treat the neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer disease. METHODS An animal model of hearing dysfunction was established by administration of d-gal in the rats, and the effect of huperzine A on d-gal-induced abnormal hearing function and cochlear damage was investigated. Senescence of the cochlear tissues was examined by β-galactase staining, and messenger RNA expression of inflammatory cytokines was quantified by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS It was found that d-gal significantly increased auditory brainstem response (ABR) threshold and cellular senescence and decreased neurofilament in the cochlear tissues. Huperzine A could significantly attenuate d-gal-induced increase of ABR threshold and cellular senescence as well as reduction of neurofilament. Moreover, huperzine A could inhibit d-gal-induced activation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) in Schwann cells and significantly blocked d-gal-stimulated gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α. CONCLUSION These findings suggested that d-gal causes hearing dysfunction by inflammatory injury of cochlear neurons and that huperzine A could prevent hearing loss by protecting d-gal-induced physical damage of cochlear tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cong Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Tongren Hospital, 56694Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Song Shi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Tongren Hospital, 56694Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Baeta-Corral R, Castro-Fuentes R, Giménez-Llort L. Sexual Dimorphism in the Behavioral Responses and the Immunoendocrine Status in d-Galactose-Induced Aging. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2019; 73:1147-1157. [PMID: 29471511 PMCID: PMC6093367 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gly031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
For almost 20 years, chronic systemic d-galactose, a monosaccharide abundantly present in milk products, fruits, and vegetables, has been used as a tool to achieve models of accelerated aging. Its neurotoxicity, induced by abnormal accumulation of reactive oxygen species and advanced glycation end products, has been widely reported. However, behavioral outcomes are still controversial and little is known about sex-dependent vulnerability. We performed a comprehensive behavioral and multifunctional screening of the chronic effects of low (50 mg/kg) and high (100 mg/kg) doses of d-galactose in 6-month-old male and female gold-standard C57BL/6 mice. Twelve classical tests with convergent validity analyzed sensorimotor, emotional and cognitive domains, indicating the existence of thresholds of response. Distinct vulnerability patterns were found in a selective sex- and dose-dependent manner. In males, d-galactose induced sensorimotor impairment and immunoendocrine senescence, but the low dose resulted in improved learning and memory. Oppositely, d-galactose-treated females exhibited a dose-dependent worse motor and spatial learning, but improved memory. Behavioral outcome items point at distinct neuronal substrates underlying the functional capacity of d-galactose-treated animals to meet task-dependent performance demands. They support that males and females can be regarded as two exceptional natural scenarios to study the functional interplay in the cross talk of homeostatic networks in aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Baeta-Corral
- Translational Behavioral Neuroscience Group, Institute of Neuroscience, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Castro-Fuentes
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Section Medicine, University of La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Lydia Giménez-Llort
- Translational Behavioral Neuroscience Group, Institute of Neuroscience, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Khan M, Ullah R, Rehman SU, Shah SA, Saeed K, Muhammad T, Park HY, Jo MH, Choe K, Rutten BPF, Kim MO. 17β-Estradiol Modulates SIRT1 and Halts Oxidative Stress-Mediated Cognitive Impairment in a Male Aging Mouse Model. Cells 2019; 8:cells8080928. [PMID: 31430865 PMCID: PMC6721687 DOI: 10.3390/cells8080928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been considered the main mediator in neurodegenerative disease and in normal aging processes. Several studies have reported that the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), elevated oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation result in cellular malfunction. These conditions lead to neuronal cell death in aging-related neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease. Chronic administration of d-galactose (d-gal) for a period of 10 weeks causes ROS generation and neuroinflammation, ultimately leading to cognitive impairment. In this study, we evaluated the estrogen receptor α (ERα)/silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1)-dependent antioxidant efficacy of 17β-estradiol against d-gal-induced oxidative damage-mediated cognitive dysfunction in a male mouse model. The results indicate that 17β-estradiol, by stimulating ERα/SIRT1, halts d-gal-induced oxidative stress–mediated JNK/NF-ҡB overexpression, neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis. Moreover, 17β-estradiol ameliorated d-gal-induced AD-like pathophysiology, synaptic dysfunction and memory impairment in adult mouse brains. Interestingly, inhibition of SIRT1 with Ex527 (a potent and selective SIRT1 inhibitor) further enhanced d-gal-induced toxicity and abolished the beneficial effect of 17β-estradiol. Most importantly, for the first time, our molecular docking study reveals that 17β-estradiol allosterically increases the expression of SIRT1 and abolishes the inhibitory potential of d-ga. In summary, we can conclude that 17β-estradiol, in an ERα/SIRT1-dependent manner, abrogates d-gal-induced oxidative stress–mediated memory impairment, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration in adult mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehtab Khan
- Division of Life sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21plus), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Rahat Ullah
- Division of Life sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21plus), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Shafiq Ur Rehman
- Division of Life sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21plus), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Shahid Ali Shah
- Division of Life sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21plus), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Kamran Saeed
- Division of Life sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21plus), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Tahir Muhammad
- Division of Life sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21plus), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Hyun Young Park
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Medical Center (MUMC+), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, European Graduate School of Neuroscience (EURON), 6229ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Myeung Hoon Jo
- Division of Life sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21plus), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Kyonghwan Choe
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Medical Center (MUMC+), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, European Graduate School of Neuroscience (EURON), 6229ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Bart P F Rutten
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Medical Center (MUMC+), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, European Graduate School of Neuroscience (EURON), 6229ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Myeong Ok Kim
- Division of Life sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21plus), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Chiroma SM, Baharuldin MTH, Mat Taib CN, Amom Z, Jagadeesan S, Ilham Adenan M, Mahdi O, Moklas MAM. Protective Effects of Centella asiatica on Cognitive Deficits Induced by D-gal/AlCl₃ via Inhibition of Oxidative Stress and Attenuation of Acetylcholinesterase Level. TOXICS 2019; 7:toxics7020019. [PMID: 30935005 PMCID: PMC6630231 DOI: 10.3390/toxics7020019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with cholinergic dysfunctions and impaired redox homeostasis. The plant Centella asiatica (CA) is renowned for its nutritional benefits and herbal formulas for promoting health, enhancing cognition, and its neuroprotective effects. The present study aims to investigate the protective role of CA on D-gal/AlCl3-induced cognitive deficits in rats. The rats were divided into six groups and administered with donepezil 1 mg/kg/day, CA (200, 400, and 800 mg/kg/day) and D-gal 60 mg/kg/day + AlCl3 200 mg/kg/day for 10 weeks. The ethology of the rats was evaluated by the Morris water maze test. The levels of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), phosphorylated tau (P-tau), malondialdehyde (MDA) and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex were estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Additionally, the ultrastructure of the prefrontal cortex of the rats’ was observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Rats administered with D-gal/AlCl3 exhibited cognitive deficits, decreased activities of SOD, and marked increase in AChE and MDA levels. Further, prominent alterations in the ultrastructure of the prefrontal cortex were observed. Conversely, co-administration of CA with D-gal/AlCl3 improved cognitive impairment, decreased AChE levels, attenuated the oxidative stress in hippocampus and cerebral cortex, and prevented ultrastructural alteration of neurons in the prefrontal cortex. Irrespective of the dose of CA administered, the protective effects were comparable to donepezil. In conclusion, this study suggests that CA attenuated the cognitive deficits in rats by restoring cholinergic function, attenuating oxidative stress, and preventing the morphological aberrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samaila Musa Chiroma
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, 600230 Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria.
| | | | - Che Norma Mat Taib
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Zulkhairi Amom
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM) Kampus Puncak Alam, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Saravanan Jagadeesan
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Department of Human Anatomy, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), Bandar Sungai Long, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Ilham Adenan
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery, Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM) Kampus Puncak Alam, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Onesimus Mahdi
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medical Sciences, Gombe State University, 760211 Gombe, Gombe State, Nigeria.
| | - Mohamad Aris Mohd Moklas
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Sarni AR, Baroni L. Milk and Parkinson disease: Could galactose be the missing link. MEDITERRANEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2019. [DOI: 10.3233/mnm-180234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Luciana Baroni
- Primary Care Unit, Northern District, Local Health Unit 2 Marca Trevigiana, Treviso, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Liu B, Tu Y, He W, Liu Y, Wu W, Fang Q, Tang H, Tang R, Wan Z, Sun W, Wan Y. Hyperoside attenuates renal aging and injury induced by D-galactose via inhibiting AMPK-ULK1 signaling-mediated autophagy. Aging (Albany NY) 2018; 10:4197-4212. [PMID: 30585174 PMCID: PMC6326678 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The kidney is a typical organ undergoing age and injury. Hyperoside is reported to be useful for preventing aging induced by D-galactose (D-gal). However, therapeutic mechanisms remain unclear. We thereby aimed to verify whether hyperoside, compared to vitamin E (VE), could alleviate renal aging and injury by regulating autophagic activity and its related signaling pathways. In vivo, rats were administered with either hyperoside or VE after renal aging modeling induced by D-gal. Changes in renal aging and injury markers, autophagic activity and AMPK-ULK1 signaling pathway in the kidneys were analysed. In vitro, the NRK-52E cells exposed to D-gal were used to investigate regulative actions of hyperoside and VE on cell viability, renal tubular cellular aging markers, autophagic activity and its related signaling pathways by histomorphometry, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, lentiviral transfection and Western blot. Aging and injury in the kidneys and renal tubular cells induced by D-gal were ameliorated by hyperoside and VE. Hyperoside and VE inhibited autophagic activity through mTOR-independent and AMPK-ULK1 signaling pathways. Hyperoside, as a component of phytomedicine similar to VE, attenuated renal aging and injury induced by D-gal via inhibiting AMPK-ULK1-mediated autophagy. This study provides the first evidence that hyperoside contributes to the prevention of age-associated renal injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Buhui Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210008, China
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
- Equal contribution
| | - Yue Tu
- Department of TCM Health Preservation, Second Clinic Medical School, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Equal contribution
| | - Weiming He
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yinglu Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Qijun Fang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Haitao Tang
- Institute of Huangkui, Suzhong Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Taizhou 225500, China
| | - Renmao Tang
- Institute of Huangkui, Suzhong Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Taizhou 225500, China
| | - Ziyue Wan
- Department of Social Work, Meiji Gakuin University, Tokyo 108-8636, Japan
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yigang Wan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Chiroma SM, Hidayat Baharuldin MT, Mat Taib CN, Amom Z, Jagadeesan S, Adenan MI, Mohd Moklas MA. Protective effect of Centella asiatica against D-galactose and aluminium chloride induced rats: Behavioral and ultrastructural approaches. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 109:853-864. [PMID: 30551539 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder and the commonest cause of dementia among the aged people. D-galactose (D-gal) is a senescence agent, while aluminium is a known neurotoxin linked to pathogenesis of AD. The combined administration of rats with d-gal and aluminium chloride (AlCl3) is considered to be an easy and a cheap method to obtain an animal model of AD. The plant Centella asiatica (CA) is reported to exert neuroprotective effects both in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, this study explored the protective effects of CA on cognition and brain ultrastructure in d-gal and AlCl3 induced rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were exposed to d-gal 60 mg/kg/b.wt/day + AlCl3 200 mg/kg/b.wt/day and CA (200, 400 and 800 mg/kg/b.wt/day) and 1 mg/kg/b.wt/day of donepezil for 70 days. Different cognitive paradigms viz. T maze spontaneous alternation, modified elevated plus maze and novel object recognition test, were used to evaluate full lesions of the hippocampus, spatial learning and memory and non-spatial learning and memory respectively. Nissl's staining was used to determine the survival of hippocampus CA1 pyramidal cells, while transmission electron microscopy was used to check the ultrastructural changes. RESULTS The results revealed that d-gal and AlCl3 could significantly impair behavior and cognitive functions, besides causing damage to the hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons in rats. In addition, it also caused ultrastructural morphological alterations in rat hippocampus. Conversely, co-administration o;f CA, irrespective of the dosage used, alleviated the cognitive impairments and pathological changes in the rats comparable to donepezil. CONCLUSION In conclusion the results suggest that CA could protect cognitive impairments and morphological alterations caused by d-gal and AlCl3 toxicity in rats. Biochemical and molecular studies are ongoing to elucidate the probable pharmacodynamics of CA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samaila Musa Chiroma
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria
| | | | - Che Norma Mat Taib
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Saravanan Jagadeesan
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Human Anatomy, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Sungai Long, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Ilham Adenan
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery, UiTM Puncak Alam, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Aris Mohd Moklas
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Abstract
By 2050, the aging population is predicted to expand by over 100%. Considering this rapid growth, and the additional strain it will place on healthcare resources because of age-related impairments, it is vital that researchers gain a deeper understanding of the cellular interactions that occur with normal aging. A variety of mammalian cell types have been shown to become compromised with age, each with a unique potential to contribute to disease formation in the aging body. Astrocytes represent the largest group of glial cells and are responsible for a variety of essential functions in the healthy central nervous system (CNS). Like other cell types, aging can cause a loss of normal function in astrocytes which reduces their ability to properly maintain a healthy CNS environment, negatively alters their interactions with neighboring cells, and contribute to the heightened inflammatory state characteristic of aging. The goal of this review article is to consolidate the knowledge and research to date regarding the role of astrocytes in aging. In specific, this review article will focus on the morphology and molecular profile of aged astrocytes, the consequence of astrocyte dysfunction on homeostatic functions during aging, and the role of astrocytes in age-related neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra L Palmer
- Department of Neuroscience, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Shalina S Ousman
- Department of Neuroscience, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Cell Biology & Anatomy, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Al-Eisa RA. Synergistic Antioxidant Capacity of Chitosan Nanoparticles and Lycopene Against Aging Hepatotoxicity Induced by D-galactose in Male Rats. INT J PHARMACOL 2018. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2018.811.825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
32
|
Chiroma SM, Mohd Moklas MA, Mat Taib CN, Baharuldin MTH, Amon Z. d-galactose and aluminium chloride induced rat model with cognitive impairments. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 103:1602-1608. [PMID: 29864948 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.04.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairments and cholinergic dysfunctions have been well reported in old age disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD). d-galactose (D-gal) has been reported as a senescence agent while aluminium act as a neurotoxic metal, but little is known about their combined effects at different doses. The aim of this study was to establish an animal model with cognitive impairments by comparing the effects of different doses of co-administrated D-gal and aluminium chloride (AlCl3). In this study male albino wistar rats were administered with D-gal 60 mg/kg.bwt intra peritoneally (I.P) injected and AlCl3 (100, 200, or 300 mg/kg.bwt.) was orally administered once daily for 10 consecutive weeks. Performance of the rats were evaluated through behavioural assessments; Morris water maze (MWM) and open field tests (OFT); histopathological examination was performed on the hippocampus; moreover biochemical measurements of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and hyperphosphorylated tau protein (p-tau) were examined. The results of this experiment on rats treated with D-gal 60 + AlCl3 200 mg/kg.bwt showed near ideal cognitive impairments. The rats exhibited an obvious memory and learning deficits, marked neuronal loss in hippocampus, showed increase in AChE activities and high expression of p-tau within the tissues of the brain. This study concludes that D-gal 60 + AlCl3 200 mg/kg.bwt as the ideal dose for mimicking AD like cognitive impairments in albino wistar rats. It is also crucial to understand the pathogenesis of this neurodegenerative disease and for drug discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samaila Musa Chiroma
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medical Sciences University of Maiduguri, Borno state, Nigeria
| | - Mohamad Aris Mohd Moklas
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Che Norma Mat Taib
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Zulkhairi Amon
- Faculty of Health Sciences UiTM Campus Puncak Alam, Puncak Alam Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Jing YH, Yan JL, Wang QJ, Chen HC, Ma XZ, Yin J, Gao LP. Spermidine ameliorates the neuronal aging by improving the mitochondrial function in vitro. Exp Gerontol 2018; 108:77-86. [PMID: 29649571 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Changes in mitochondrial structure and function are the initial factors of cell aging. Spermidine has an antiaging effect, but its effect on neuronal aging and mitochondrial mechanisms is unclear. In this study, mouse neuroblastoma (N2a) cells were treated with d‑galactose (d‑Gal) to establish cell aging to investigate the antiaging effect and mechanisms of spermidine. Changes in the cell cycle and β-galactosidase activity were analyzed to evaluate the extent of cell aging. Stabilities of mitochondrial mRNA and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were evaluated in the process of cell aging under different treatments. The mitochondrial function was also evaluated using the Seahorse Metabolic Analysis System combined with ATP production. The unfolded protein response (UPR) of the N2a cells was analyzed under different treatments. Results showed that spermidine pretreatment could delay the cell aging and could maintain the mitochondrial stability during d‑Gal treatment. Spermidine increased the proportion of cells in the S phase and maintained the MMP. The oxygen utilization and ATP production in the N2a cells were reduced by d‑Gal treatment but were partially rescued by the spermidine pretreatment. Spermidine ameliorated the N2a cell aging by promoting the autophagy and inhibiting the apoptosis except the UPR. These results showed that spermidine could ameliorate the N2a cell aging by maintaining the mitochondrial mRNA transcription, MMP and oxygen utilization during the d‑Gal treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hong Jing
- Institute of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, No. 199 of Donggang West Road, Lanzhou City, Gansu province 730000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, No. 199 of Donggang West Road, Lanzhou City, Gansu province 730000, PR China
| | - Ji-Long Yan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, No. 199 of Donggang West Road, Lanzhou City, Gansu province 730000, PR China
| | - Qing-Jun Wang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, No. 199 of Donggang West Road, Lanzhou City, Gansu province 730000, PR China
| | - Hai-Chao Chen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, No. 199 of Donggang West Road, Lanzhou City, Gansu province 730000, PR China
| | - Xue-Zhu Ma
- Institute of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, No. 199 of Donggang West Road, Lanzhou City, Gansu province 730000, PR China
| | - Jie Yin
- Institute of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, No. 199 of Donggang West Road, Lanzhou City, Gansu province 730000, PR China
| | - Li-Ping Gao
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, No. 199 of Donggang West Road, Lanzhou City, Gansu province 730000, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Zhou H, Qu Z, Zhang J, Jiang B, Liu C, Gao W. Shunaoxin dropping pill, a Chinese herb compound preparation, attenuates memory impairment in d-galactose-induced aging mice. RSC Adv 2018; 8:10163-10171. [PMID: 35540463 PMCID: PMC9078930 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra13726e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The Shunaoxin dropping pill (SNX) is derived from a traditional recipe. It has been used to treat cerebrovascular diseases in China since 2005 (approval number Z20050041). In this study, we used an in vitro H2O2-induced PC12 cell oxidative damage model and an in vivod-gal-induced mouse memory impairment model to investigate whether SNX had neuroprotective effects. In vitro, prior to exposure to 100 μM H2O2 for 2 h, PC12 cells were pre-treated with SNX 50 μg mL-1 for 24 h. Hoechst 33258 staining was used to confirm the effect of SNX on apoptosis in the PC12 cells. Our results demonstrate that H2O2 suppresses the proliferation of PC12 cells and induces cell death. Pretreatment with SNX attenuates H2O2-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. In vivo, d-gal was administered (100 mg kg-1, subcutaneously (s.c.)) once daily for 8 weeks to induce memory deficit and neurotoxicity in the brain of an aging mouse. Then, SNX (320 mg kg-1) was simultaneously administered orally. The present study demonstrates that SNX can alleviate aging in the mouse brain induced by d-gal via improving behavioral performance, alleviating oxidative stress, inhibiting neuroinflammation, and reducing brain cell damage in the hippocampus. Overall, these data clearly demonstrate the neuroprotective effect of SNX from the in vitro and in vivo results. SNX may be considered a novel agent for easing aging and/or age-related neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University Weijin Road Tianjin 300072 China pharmgao@tju,edu.cn +86-22-87401895 +86-22-87401895
- No. 6 Traditional Chinese Medicine Factory, Tianjin Zhongxin Pharmaceutical Group Corporation Ltd. Tianjin 300401 China
| | - Zhuo Qu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University Weijin Road Tianjin 300072 China pharmgao@tju,edu.cn +86-22-87401895 +86-22-87401895
| | - Jingze Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces Tianjin 300162 China
| | - Bingjie Jiang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University Weijin Road Tianjin 300072 China pharmgao@tju,edu.cn +86-22-87401895 +86-22-87401895
| | - Changxiao Liu
- The State Key Laboratories of Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics Tianjin 300193 China
| | - Wenyuan Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University Weijin Road Tianjin 300072 China pharmgao@tju,edu.cn +86-22-87401895 +86-22-87401895
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Role of D-galactose-induced brain aging and its potential used for therapeutic interventions. Exp Gerontol 2017; 101:13-36. [PMID: 29129736 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2017.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a phenomenon that all living organisms inevitably face. Every year, 9.9million people, globally, suffer from dementia, an indicator of the aging brain. Brain aging is significantly associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. This is characterized by a decrease in the activity of respiratory chain enzymes and ATP production, and increased free radical generation, mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) mutations, and impaired mitochondrial structures. To get a better understanding of aging and to prevent its effects on many organs, chronic systemic administration of D-galactose was used to artificially create brain senescence in animal models and established to be beneficial for studies of anti-aging therapeutic interventions. Several studies have shown that D-galactose-induced brain aging which does so not only by causing mitochondrial dysfunction, but also by increasing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis, as well as lowering brain-derived neurotrophic factors. All of these defects finally lead to cognitive decline. Various therapeutic approaches which act on mitochondria and cognition were evaluated to assess their effectiveness in the battle to reverse brain aging. The aim of this article is to comprehensively summarize and discuss the underlying mechanisms involved in D-galactose-induced brain aging, particularly as regards alterations in brain mitochondria and cognitive function. In addition, the aim is to summarize the different therapeutic approaches which have been utilized to address D-galactose-induced brain aging.
Collapse
|
36
|
Nimgampalle M, Kuna Y. Anti-Alzheimer Properties of Probiotic, Lactobacillus plantarum MTCC 1325 in Alzheimer's Disease induced Albino Rats. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:KC01-KC05. [PMID: 28969160 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/26106.10428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alzheimer's disease is a type of dementia, and till now there is no suitable drug available for the complete cure of this disease. Now-a-days Probiotics, Lactobacillus strains play a therapeutic role in cognitive disorders through Gut-Brain Axis communication. AIM The present study was aimed to evaluate the anti-Alzheimer properties of Lactobacillus plantarum MTCC1325 against D-Galactose-induced Alzheimer's disease in albino rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Healthy rats (48) of wistar strain were divided into four groups viz., Group-I: control rats received saline, Group-II: rats received intraperitoneal injection of D-Galactose (120 mg/kg body weight) throughout experiment, Group-III: initially animals were subjected to D-Galactose injection for six weeks, then followed by simultaneously received both D-Galactose and L. plantarum MTCC1325 (12×108 CFU/ml; 10 ml/kg body weight) for 60 days and Group-IV: rats which were orally administered only with Lactobacillus plantarum MTCC1325 for 60 days. During the experimentation, both morphometric and behavioural aspects were studied. Later we have examined histopathological changes and estimated cholinergic levels in selected brain regions of all experimental groups of rats including control on selected days. RESULTS Morphometric, behavioural changes, ACh levels were significantly decreased and pathological hallmarks such as amyloid plaques and tangles were also observed in AD model group. Treatment of AD-group with L. plantarum MTCC1325 for 60 days, not only ameliorated cognition deficits but also restored ACh and the histopathological features to control group. However, no significant effects have been observed in the group treated with L. plantarum alone. CONCLUSION The study revealed that, L. plantarum MTCC1325 might have anti-Alzheimer properties against D-Galactose induced Alzheimer's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mallikarjuna Nimgampalle
- Research Scholar, Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Yellamma Kuna
- Professor, Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Budni J, Garcez ML, Mina F, Bellettini-Santos T, da Silva S, Luz APD, Schiavo GL, Batista-Silva H, Scaini G, Streck EL, Quevedo J. The oral administration of D-galactose induces abnormalities within the mitochondrial respiratory chain in the brain of rats. Metab Brain Dis 2017; 32:811-817. [PMID: 28236040 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-017-9972-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
D-Galactose (D-gal) chronic administration via intraperitoneal and subcutaneous routes has been used as a model of aging and Alzheimer disease in rodents. Intraperitoneal and subcutaneous administration of D-gal causes memory impairments, a reduction in the neurogenesis of adult mice, an increase in the levels of the amyloid precursor protein and oxidative damage; However, the effects of oral D-gal remain unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the oral administration of D-gal induces abnormalities within the mitochondrial respiratory chain of rats. Male Wistar rats (4 months old) received D-gal (100 mg/kg v.o.), during the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th or 8th weeks by oral gavage. The activity of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes was measured in the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th and 8th weeks after the administration of D-gal. The activity of the respiratory chain complex I was found to have increased in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in the 1st, 6th and 8th weeks, while the activity of the respiratory chain complex II increased in the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th and 8th weeks within the hippocampus and in the 2nd, 4th, 6th and 8th weeks within the prefrontal cortex. The activity of complex II-III increased within the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in each week of oral D-gal treatment. The activity of complex IV increased within the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in the 1st, 2nd, 6th and 8th weeks of treatment. After 4 weeks of treatment the activity increased only in hippocampus. In conclusion, the present study showed that the oral administration of D-gal increased the activity of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I, II, II-III and IV in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Furthermore, the administration of D-gal via the oral route seems to cause the alterations in the mitochondrial respiratory complexes observed in brain neurodegeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josiane Budni
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil.
| | - Michelle Lima Garcez
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Francielle Mina
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Tatiani Bellettini-Santos
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Sabrina da Silva
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Aline Pereira da Luz
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Luiz Schiavo
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Hemily Batista-Silva
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Giselli Scaini
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Emílio Luiz Streck
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - João Quevedo
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Chen C, Huang L, Nong Z, Li Y, Chen W, Huang J, Pan X, Wu G, Lin Y. Hyperbaric Oxygen Prevents Cognitive Impairments in Mice Induced by d-Galactose by Improving Cholinergic and Anti-apoptotic Functions. Neurochem Res 2017; 42:1240-1253. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-016-2166-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
39
|
Wang Y, Diao Z, Li J, Ren B, Zhu D, Liu Q, Liu Z, Liu X. Chicoric acid supplementation ameliorates cognitive impairment induced by oxidative stress via promotion of antioxidant defense system. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra06325c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Illustration of effects of chicoric acid on neuroprotection againstd-gal-induced memory impairmentviainflammation and oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yutang Wang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling 712100
- China
| | - Zhijun Diao
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling 712100
- China
| | - Jing Li
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling 712100
- China
| | - Bo Ren
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling 712100
- China
| | - Di Zhu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling 712100
- China
| | - Qian Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling 712100
- China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling 712100
- China
| | - Xuebo Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling 712100
- China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
A silk peptide fraction restores cognitive function in AF64A-induced Alzheimer disease model rats by increasing expression of choline acetyltransferase gene. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2016; 314:48-54. [PMID: 27871887 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of a silk peptide fraction obtained by incubating silk proteins with Protease N and Neutrase (SP-NN) on cognitive dysfunction of Alzheimer disease model rats. In order to elucidate underlying mechanisms, the effect of SP-NN on the expression of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) mRNA was assessed in F3.ChAT neural stem cells and Neuro2a neuroblastoma cells; active amino acid sequence was identified using HPLC-MS. The expression of ChAT mRNA in F3.ChAT cells increased by 3.79-fold of the control level by treatment with SP-NN fraction. The active peptide in SP-NN was identified as tyrosine-glycine with 238.1 of molecular weight. Male rats were orally administered with SP-NN (50 or 300mg/kg) and challenged with a cholinotoxin AF64A. As a result of brain injury and decreased brain acetylcholine level, AF64A induced astrocytic activation, resulting in impairment of learning and memory function. Treatment with SP-NN exerted recovering activities on acetylcholine depletion and brain injury, as well as cognitive deficit induced by AF64A. The results indicate that, in addition to a neuroprotective activity, the SP-NN preparation restores cognitive function of Alzheimer disease model rats by increasing the release of acetylcholine.
Collapse
|
41
|
El-Said WA, Abd El-Hameed K, Abo El-Maali N, Sayyed HG. Label-free Electrochemical Sensor for Ex-vivo Monitoring of Alzheimer's Disease Biomarker. ELECTROANAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201600467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Waleed A. El-Said
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Assiut University; Assiut 71516 Egypt
| | | | - Nagwa Abo El-Maali
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Assiut University; Assiut 71516 Egypt
| | - Hayam G. Sayyed
- Department of Medical Physiology; Faculty of Medicine; Assiut University, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Goldstein J, Carden TR, Perez MJ, Taira CA, Höcht C, Gironacci MM. Angiotensin-(1-7) protects from brain damage induced by shiga toxin 2-producing enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2016; 311:R1173-R1185. [PMID: 27681328 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00467.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Shiga toxin 2 (Stx2)-producing enterohemorrhagic induced brain damage. Since a cerebroprotective action was reported for angiotensin (Ang)-(1-7), our aim was to investigate whether Ang-(1-7) protects from brain damage induced by Stx2-producing enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli The anterior hypothalamic area of adult male Wistar rats was injected with saline solution or Stx2 or Stx2 plus Ang-(1-7) or Stx2 plus Ang-(1-7) plus A779. Rats received a single injection of Stx2 at the beginning of the experiment, and Ang-(1-7), A779, or saline was administered daily in a single injection for 8 days. Cellular ultrastructural changes were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy. Stx2 induced neurodegeneration, axonal demyelination, alterations in synapse, and oligodendrocyte and astrocyte damage, accompanied by edema. Ang-(1-7) prevented neuronal damage triggered by the toxin in 55.6 ± 9.5% of the neurons and the Stx2-induced synapse dysfunction was reversed. In addition, Ang-(1-7) blocked Stx2-induced demyelination in 92 ± 4% of the axons. Oligodendrocyte damage caused by Stx2 was prevented by Ang-(1-7) but astrocytes were only partially protected by the peptide (38 ± 5% of astrocytes were preserved). Ang-(1-7) treatment resulted in 50% reduction in the number of activated microglial cells induced by Stx2, suggesting an anti-inflammatory action. All these beneficial effects elicited by Ang-(1-7) were blocked by the Mas receptor antagonist and thus it was concluded that Ang-(1-7) protects mainly neurons and oligodendrocytes, and partially astrocytes, in the central nervous system through Mas receptor stimulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Goldstein
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiopatología, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica "Houssay"-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Tomás R Carden
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas-CONICET, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and
| | - María J Perez
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas-CONICET, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and
| | - Carlos A Taira
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Christian Höcht
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariela M Gironacci
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas-CONICET, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Nam SM, Kim JW, Yoo DY, Kim W, Jung HY, Choi JH, Hwang IK, Seong JK, Yoon YS. Effects of aluminum on the reduction of neural stem cells, proliferating cells, and differentiating neuroblasts in the dentate gyrus of D-galactose-treated mice via increasing oxidative stress. J Vet Sci 2016; 17:127-36. [PMID: 26243606 PMCID: PMC4921660 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2016.17.2.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) accumulation increases with aging, and long-term exposure to Al is regarded as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. In this study, we investigated the effects of Al and/or D-galactose on neural stem cells, proliferating cells, differentiating neuroblasts, and mature neurons in the hippocampal dentate gyrus. AlCl3 (40 mg/kg/day) was intraperitoneally administered to C57BL/6J mice for 4 weeks. In addition, vehicle (physiological saline) or D-galactose (100 mg/kg) was subcutaneously injected to these mice immediately after AlCl3 treatment. Neural stem cells, proliferating cells, differentiating neuroblasts, and mature neurons were detected using the relevant marker for each cell type, including nestin, Ki67, doublecortin, and NeuN, respectively, via immunohistochemistry. Subchronic (4 weeks) exposure to Al in mice reduced neural stem cells, proliferating cells, and differentiating neuroblasts without causing any changes to mature neurons. This Al-induced reduction effect was exacerbated in D-galactose-treated mice compared to vehicle-treated adult mice. Moreover, exposure to Al enhanced lipid peroxidation in the hippocampus and expression of antioxidants such as Cu, Zn- and Mn-superoxide dismutase in D-galactose-treated mice. These results suggest that Al accelerates the reduction of neural stem cells, proliferating cells, and differentiating neuroblasts in D-galactose-treated mice via oxidative stress, without inducing loss in mature neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sung Min Nam
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Koreaiversity, Seoul 08826, Korea.,BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Koreaiversity, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jong Whi Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Koreaiversity, Seoul 08826, Korea.,BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Koreaiversity, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Dae Young Yoo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Koreaiversity, Seoul 08826, Korea.,BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Koreaiversity, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Woosuk Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Koreaiversity, Seoul 08826, Korea.,BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Koreaiversity, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hyo Young Jung
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Koreaiversity, Seoul 08826, Korea.,BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Koreaiversity, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jung Hoon Choi
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - In Koo Hwang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Koreaiversity, Seoul 08826, Korea.,BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Koreaiversity, Seoul 08826, Korea.,Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Koreaiversity, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Je Kyung Seong
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Koreaiversity, Seoul 08826, Korea.,BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Koreaiversity, Seoul 08826, Korea.,Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Koreaiversity, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Yeo Sung Yoon
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Koreaiversity, Seoul 08826, Korea.,BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Koreaiversity, Seoul 08826, Korea.,Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Koreaiversity, Seoul 08826, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Chongcao-Shencha Attenuates Liver and Kidney Injury through Attenuating Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response in D-Galactose-Treated Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:3878740. [PMID: 27340415 PMCID: PMC4909911 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3878740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The Chongcao-Shencha (CCSC), a Chinese herbal compound formula, has been widely used as food material and medicine for enhancing physical strength. The present study investigated the possible effect of CCSC in alleviating the liver and kidney injury in D-galactose- (D-gal-) treated mice and the underlying mechanism. Mice were given a subcutaneous injection of D-gal (200 mg/kg) and orally administered CCSC (200, 400, and 800 mg/kg) daily for 8 weeks. Results indicated that CCSC increased the depressed body weight and organ index induced by D-gal, ameliorated the histological deterioration, and decreased the levels of ALT, AST, BUN, and CRE as compared with D-gal group. Furthermore, CCSC not only elevated the activities of antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT, and GPx but also upregulated the mRNA expression of SOD1, CAT, and GPx1, while decreasing the MDA level in D-gal-treated mice. Results of western blotting analysis showed that CCSC significantly inhibited the upregulation of expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65, p-p65, p-IκBα, COX2, and iNOS and inhibited the downregulation of IκBα protein expression caused by D-gal. This study demonstrated that CCSC could attenuate the liver and kidney injury in D-gal-treated mice, and the mechanism might be associated with attenuating oxidative stress and inflammatory response.
Collapse
|
45
|
Qu Z, Yang H, Zhang J, Huo L, Chen H, Li Y, Liu C, Gao W. Cerebralcare Granule(®), a Chinese Herb Compound Preparation, Attenuates D-Galactose Induced Memory Impairment in Mice. Neurochem Res 2016; 41:2199-214. [PMID: 27161371 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-016-1934-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cerebralcare granule(®) (CG) is a preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine that widely used in China. It was approved by the China State Food and Drug Administration for treatment of headache and dizziness associated with cerebrovascular diseases. In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether CG had protective effect against D-galactose (gal)-induced memory impairment and to explore the mechanism of its action. D-gal was administered (100 mg/kg, subcutaneously) once daily for 8 weeks to induced memory deficit and neurotoxicity in the brain of aging mouse and CG (7.5, 15, and 30 g/kg) were simultaneously administered orally. The present study demonstrates that CG can alleviate aging in the mouse brain induced by D-gal through improving behavioral performance and reducing brain cell damage in the hippocampus. CG prevents aging mainly via suppression of oxidative stress response, such as decreasing NO and MDA levels, renewing activities of SOD, CAT, and GPx, as well as decreasing AChE activity in the brain of D-gal-treated mice. In addition, CG prevents aging through inhibiting NF-κB-mediated inflammatory response and caspase-3-medicated neurodegeneration in the brain of D-gal treated mice. Taken together, these data clearly demonstrates that subcutaneous injection of D-gal produced memory deficit, meanwhile CG can protect neuron from D-gal insults and improve memory ability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Qu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Honggai Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Jingze Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Liqin Huo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Yuming Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Changxiao Liu
- The State Key Laboratories of Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenyuan Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Anthocyanins Reversed D-Galactose-Induced Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation Mediated Cognitive Impairment in Adult Rats. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:255-271. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9604-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
47
|
Budni J, Pacheco R, da Silva S, Garcez ML, Mina F, Bellettini-Santos T, de Medeiros J, Voss BC, Steckert AV, Valvassori SDS, Quevedo J. Oral administration of d-galactose induces cognitive impairments and oxidative damage in rats. Behav Brain Res 2015; 302:35-43. [PMID: 26748256 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2015.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Revised: 12/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
d-Galactose (d-gal) is a reducing sugar that can be used to mimic the characteristics of aging in rodents; however, the effects of d-gal administration by oral route are not clear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to elucidate if the oral administration of d-gal induces cognitive impairments, neuronal loss, and oxidative damage, mimicking an animal model of aging. Male adult Wistar rats (4 months old) received d-gal (100mg/kg) via the oral route for a period of 1, 2, 4, 6 or 8 weeks. The results showed cognitive impairments in the open-field test in the 4th and 6th weeks after d-gal administration, as well as an impairment in spatial memory in the radial maze test after the 6th week of d-gal administration. The results indicated increase of levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive species-TBARS-and carbonyl group content in the prefrontal cortex from the 4th week, and in all weeks of d-gal administration, respectively. An increase in the levels of TBARS and carbonyl group content was observed in the hippocampus over the entire period of d-gal treatment. In the 8th week of d-gal administration, we also observed reductions in synaptophysin and TAU protein levels in the prefrontal cortex. Thus, d-gal given by oral route caused cognitive impairments which were accompanied by oxidative damage. Therefore, these results indicate that orally administered d-gal can induce the behavioral and neurochemical alterations that are observed in the natural aging process. However, oral d-gal effect in rats deserve further studies to be better described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josiane Budni
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Laboratório de Doenças Neurodegenerativas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil.
| | - Robson Pacheco
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Laboratório de Doenças Neurodegenerativas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Sabrina da Silva
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Laboratório de Doenças Neurodegenerativas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Michelle Lima Garcez
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Laboratório de Doenças Neurodegenerativas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Francielle Mina
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Laboratório de Doenças Neurodegenerativas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Tatiani Bellettini-Santos
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Laboratório de Doenças Neurodegenerativas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Jesiel de Medeiros
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Laboratório de Doenças Neurodegenerativas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Bruna Constantino Voss
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Laboratório de Doenças Neurodegenerativas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Amanda Valnier Steckert
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Samira da Silva Valvassori
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Laboratório de Sinalização Neural e Psicofarmacologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - João Quevedo
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA; Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Du Z, Li S, Liu L, Yang Q, Zhang H, Gao C. NADPH oxidase 3‑associated oxidative stress and caspase 3‑dependent apoptosis in the cochleae of D‑galactose‑induced aged rats. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:7883-90. [PMID: 26498835 PMCID: PMC4758280 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative damage to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and cell apoptosis are heavily implicated in aging. Our previous study established a mimetic rat model of aging in the cochleae using D‑galactose (D‑gal), and revealed that chronic injection of D‑gal can increase oxidative stress and mtDNA common deletions (CD). The aim of the present study was to investigate the sources of reactive oxygen species and the occurrence of apoptosis in the cochleae of rats following 8 weeks of D‑gal exposure. The results of the present study indicated that an elevated accumulation of the mtDNA CD and mitochondrial ultrastructural damage occurred in the cochleae of rats injected with D‑gal for 8 weeks. In addition, the levels of 8‑hydroxy‑2‑deoxyguanosine, NADPH oxidase (NOX) 3, P22phox and cleaved caspase 3, and the number of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‑mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick‑end‑labelling‑positive cells were increased in the cochleae of D‑gal‑treated rats, compared with the controls. These findings suggested that nitric oxide synthase NOX3‑associated oxidative stress may contribute to the accumulation of mtDNA mutations and activate a caspase 3‑dependent apoptotic signalling pathway in the cochleae during aging. The present study also provided novel insights into the development of age‑associated hearing loss, also termed presbycusis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengde Du
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nanshan Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518052, P.R. China
| | - Shuo Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nanshan Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518052, P.R. China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Qiong Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nanshan Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518052, P.R. China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nanshan Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518052, P.R. China
| | - Chunsheng Gao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nanshan Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518052, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
ZOU YINGXIN, LIU YUXIANG, RUAN MINGHUA, FENG XU, WANG JIACHUN, CHU ZHIYONG, ZHANG ZESHENG. Cordyceps sinensis oral liquid prolongs the lifespan of the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, by inhibiting oxidative stress. Int J Mol Med 2015; 36:939-46. [PMID: 26239097 PMCID: PMC4564082 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of Cordyceps sinensis oral liquid (CSOL) on the lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly). Following the lifelong treatment of fruit flies with CSOL, lifespan was examined. The activity of copper-zinc-containing superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), manganese-containing superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) and catalase (CAT), as well as the lipofuscin (LF) content were determined. The mRNA levels of SOD1, SOD2 and CAT were quantified by qPCR. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and paraquat were used to mimic the effects of damage caused by acute oxidative stress. D-galactose was used to mimic chronic pathological aging. CSOL significantly prolonged the lifespan of the fruit flies under physiological conditions. The activity of SOD1 and CAT was upregulated, and LF accumulation was inhibited by CSOL. CSOL had no effect on the transcriptional levels (mRNA) of these enzymes. The survival time of the fruit flies which were negatively affected by exposure to H2O2 or paraquat was significantly prolonged by CSOL. In fruit flies pathologically aged by epxosure to D-galactose, CSOL also significantly prolonged their lifespan, upregulated the activity of SOD1 and CAT, and inhibited LF accumulation. The findings of our study indicate that CSOL prolongs the lifespan of fruit flies through an anti-oxidative stress pathway involving the upregulation of SOD1 and CAT activity and the inhibition of LF accumulation. CSOL may thus be explored as a novel agent for slowing the human aging process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- YINGXIN ZOU
- Naval Medical Research Institute, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - YUXIANG LIU
- Naval Medical Research Institute, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
- Department of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P.R. China
| | - MINGHUA RUAN
- Naval Medical Research Institute, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - XU FENG
- Naval Medical Research Institute, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - JIACHUN WANG
- Naval Medical Research Institute, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - ZHIYONG CHU
- Naval Medical Research Institute, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - ZESHENG ZHANG
- Department of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Bagheri SM, Dashti-R MH. Influence of asafoetida on prevention and treatment of memory impairment induced by d-galactose and NaNO2 in mice. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 2015; 30:607-12. [PMID: 25788433 PMCID: PMC10852738 DOI: 10.1177/1533317515576388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In Iranian traditional medicine, asafoetida is introduced as a valuable remedy for nervous disorders. Dementia was induced by injection of d-galactose and NaNO2 for 60 consecutive days. Animals were divided into normal control (NC), dementia control (DC), dementia prophylactic (DP), and dementia treated (DT). The learning and memory functions were examined by 1-way active and passive avoidance tests, using a shuttle box device. Avoidance response in training tests and 1 and 3 weeks later was significantly increased in NC, DP, and DT groups compared to the DC group. Step through latency in all groups was significantly greater than the DC group. Total time spent in light room, which shows the memory retention ability, in DP, NC, and DT was significantly greater than the DC group. Our findings indicate that asafoetida could prevent and treat amnesia. These beneficial effects maybe related to some constituent's effectiveness such as ferulic acid and umbelliferone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Majid Bagheri
- Department of Physiology, Herbal Medicine Research Center, Shahid Sadoghi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Dashti-R
- Department of Physiology, Herbal Medicine Research Center, Shahid Sadoghi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Islamic Republic of Iran
| |
Collapse
|