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Rotariu D, Babes EE, Tit DM, Moisi M, Bustea C, Stoicescu M, Radu AF, Vesa CM, Behl T, Bungau AF, Bungau SG. Oxidative stress - Complex pathological issues concerning the hallmark of cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 152:113238. [PMID: 35687909 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a complex biological process characterized by the excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that act as destroyers of the REDOX balance in the body and, implicitly, inducing oxidative damage. All the metabolisms are impaired in oxidative stress and even nucleic acid balance is influenced. ROS will promote structural changes of the tissues and organs due to interaction with proteins and phospholipids. The constellation of the cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) will usually develop in subjects with predisposition to cardiac disorders. Oxidative stress is usually related with hypertension (HTN), diabetes mellitus (DM), obesity and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) like coronary artery disease (CAD), cardiomyopathy or heart failure (HF), that can develop in subjects with the above-mentioned diseases. Elements describing the complex relationship between CVD and oxidative stress should be properly explored and described because prevention may be the optimal approach. Our paper aims to expose in detail the complex physiopathology of oxidative stress in CVD occurrence and novelties regarding the phenomenon. Biomarkers assessing oxidative stress or therapy targeting specific pathways represent a major progress that actually change the outcome of subjects with CVD. New antioxidants therapy specific for each CVD represents a captivating and interesting future perspective with tremendous benefits on subject's outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragos Rotariu
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania.
| | - Emilia Elena Babes
- Department of Medical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Oradea, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania.
| | - Delia Mirela Tit
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania.
| | - Madalina Moisi
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Oradea, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania.
| | - Cristiana Bustea
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Oradea, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania.
| | - Manuela Stoicescu
- Department of Medical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Oradea, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania.
| | - Andrei-Flavius Radu
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania; Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Oradea, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania.
| | - Cosmin Mihai Vesa
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Oradea, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania.
| | - Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India.
| | | | - Simona Gabriela Bungau
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania.
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Maculewicz E, Pabin A, Kowalczuk K, Dziuda Ł, Białek A. Endogenous Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) in Military Professionals with a Special Emphasis on Military Pilots. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11154314. [PMID: 35893405 PMCID: PMC9332217 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11154314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors can be categorized as non-modifiable and modifiable. Modifiable risk factors include some exogenous and behavioral factors that can be easily modified, whereas endogenous modifiable risk factors, such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, or obesity may be modified to a limited extend. An increased prevalence of CVDs as well as their risk factors have been observed in military personnel, as specific military-related stressors are highly correlated with acute cardiac disorders. Military pilots are a subpopulation with great CVD risk due to an accumulation of different psychological and physical stressors also considered to be CVD risk factors. This review presents data concerning CVD risk in military professionals, with a special emphasis on military pilots and crew members. We also discuss the usefulness of novel indicators related to oxidative stress, inflammation, or hormonal status as well as genetic factors as markers of CVD risk. For a correct and early estimation of CVD risk in asymptomatic soldiers, especially if no environmental risk factors coexist, the scope of performed tests should be increased with novel biomarkers. An indication of risk group among military professional, especially military pilots, enables the implementation the early preventive activities, which will prolong their state of health and military suitability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Maculewicz
- Faculty of Physical Education, Jozef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, 00-968 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Agata Pabin
- Military Institute of Aviation Medicine, 01-755 Warsaw, Poland; (A.P.); (K.K.); (Ł.D.)
| | - Krzysztof Kowalczuk
- Military Institute of Aviation Medicine, 01-755 Warsaw, Poland; (A.P.); (K.K.); (Ł.D.)
| | - Łukasz Dziuda
- Military Institute of Aviation Medicine, 01-755 Warsaw, Poland; (A.P.); (K.K.); (Ł.D.)
| | - Agnieszka Białek
- Department of Biotechnology and Nutrigenomics, Institute of Animal Genetics and Biotechnology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Postępu 36A Jastrzębiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-(22)-7367128
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Yang C, Xi M, Liu H, Bai H, Jiang C, Liu Q, Fan P. Association of Polymorphisms of Glutamate Cysteine Ligase Genes GCLC C-129 T and GCLM C-588 T with Risk of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Chinese Women. Reprod Sci 2021; 29:1790-1800. [PMID: 34642912 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-021-00764-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is generally considered a multifactorial disease caused by interactions between multiple susceptible genes and environmental factors. Glutamate cysteine ligase (GCL) is the rate-limiting enzyme in glutathione biosynthesis. This study examined the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the GCL catalytic subunit (GCLC C-129 T) and the modifier subunit (GCLM C-588 T) and PCOS. The two SNPs were genotyped in 1017 PCOS patients and 793 control women. Clinical, metabolic, hormonal, and oxidative stress parameters were also assessed. The frequencies of the CT + TT genotypes (21.6% vs. 27.7%) and T allele (11.5% vs. 14.7%) of SNP GCLC C-129 T were significantly lower in hyperandrogenism (HA)-PCOS patients than in control women. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the relative hazard of HA-PCOS was lower in individuals with the -129 T allele (CT + TT genotypes) than in those with the CC genotype (OR = 0.723, 95% CI: 0.571-0.915, P = 0.007). When using the GCLC-CC/GCLM-CC combined genotype as the reference category, the GCLC-CT + TT/GCLM-CC combined genotype was a protective factor for PCOS with HA (OR = 0.743, 95% CI: 0.566-0.976, P = 0.033). HA-PCOS patients with the -129 T allele had lower waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, and body mass index (BMI) and lower fasting insulin concentration and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance after correcting for age and BMI (P < 0.05). The T allele of SNP GCLC C-129 T and its combination with the CC genotype of SNP GCLM C-588 T are associated with decreased risk of HA-PCOS in Chinese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyi Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingrong Xi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Huai Bai
- Laboratory of Genetic Disease and Perinatal Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chenyu Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qingqing Liu
- Laboratory of Genetic Disease and Perinatal Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ping Fan
- Laboratory of Genetic Disease and Perinatal Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Grzegorzewska AE, Ostromecka K, Adamska P, Mostowska A, Warchoł W, Jagodziński PP. Paraoxonase 1 gene polymorphisms concerning non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus nephropathy in hemodialysis patients. J Diabetes Complications 2020; 34:107687. [PMID: 32855040 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2020.107687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Data on involvement of paraoxonase 1 gene (PON1) in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) nephropathy are scarce. We investigated PON1 polymorphisms concerning end-stage NIDDM nephropathy and atherosclerotic complications in NIDDM nephropathy patients treated with hemodialysis (HD). METHODS In NIDDM nephropathy (n = 402) and non-diabetic (n = 998) HD subjects, we obtained PON1 polymorphisms by HRM analysis (rs662) or predesigned TaqMan SNV Genotyping Assay (rs854560, rs705379). RESULTS Only PON1 rs705379 was associated with end-stage NIDDM nephropathy in the recessive (OR 1.451, 95% CI 1.104-1.906, P = 0.009) and additive (OR 1.398, 95%CI 1.009-1.936, P = 0.046) inheritance modes. NIDDM nephropathy patients bearing the rs854560 T allele were at higher risk for ischemic cerebral stroke (OR 2.087, 95%CI 1.145-3.801, P = 0.016). In non-diabetic patients but not NIDDM nephropathy subjects, atherogenic dyslipidemia corresponded with PON1 rs662 A allele and PON1 rs854560 TT homozygosity. CONCLUSIONS In HD patients, NIDDM nephropathy correlates with the TT genotype of PON1 rs705379. The rs854560 T allele indicates a higher risk for atherosclerotic diseases in NIDDM nephropathy subjects. The T alleles of both PON1 SNVs are known as low expression variants downregulated serum PON1 activity. An increase of diminished PON1 activity may be a target in the prevention of NIDDM nephropathy and NIDDM atherosclerotic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja E Grzegorzewska
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznań, Przybyszewskiego 49, Poland.
| | - Kamila Ostromecka
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznań, Przybyszewskiego 49, Poland
| | - Paulina Adamska
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznań, Przybyszewskiego 49, Poland
| | - Adrianna Mostowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznań, Święcickiego 6, Poland
| | - Wojciech Warchoł
- B. Braun Avitum Poland, Dialysis Center, 64-300 Nowy Tomyśl, Sienkiewicza 3, Poland; Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Paweł P Jagodziński
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznań, Święcickiego 6, Poland.
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Racis M, Stanisławska-Sachadyn A, Sobiczewski W, Wirtwein M, Krzemiński M, Krawczyńska N, Limon J, Rynkiewicz A, Gruchała M. Association of Genes Related to Oxidative Stress with the Extent of Coronary Atherosclerosis. Life (Basel) 2020; 10:life10090210. [PMID: 32961879 PMCID: PMC7554836 DOI: 10.3390/life10090210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is believed to play a critical role in atherosclerosis initiation and progression. In line with this, in a group of 1099 subjects, we determined eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to oxidative stress (PON1 c.575A>G, MPO c.−463G>A, SOD2 c.47T>C, GCLM c.−590C>T, NOS3 c.894G>T, NOS3 c.−786T>C, CYBA c.214C>T, and CYBA c.−932A>G) and assessed the extent of atherosclerosis in coronary arteries based on Gensini score. An increased risk of having a Gensini score in the higher half of the distribution was observed for the PON1 c.575G allele (odds ratio (OR) = 1.27, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.004–1.617, p = 0.046). Next, the genetic risk score (GRS) for the additive effect of the total number of pro-oxidative alleles was assessed. We noted an increase in the risk of having a Gensini score above the median with the maximum number of risk alleles (OR = 2.47, 95% CI: 1.19–5.23, p = 0.014). A univariate Spearman’s test revealed significant correlation between the total number of pro-oxidant alleles (GRS) and the Gensini score (ρ = 0.068, p = 0.03). In conclusion, the PON1 c.575A>G variant and the high number of risk alleles (GRS) were independent risk factors for a high Gensini score. We suggest, however, that GRS might occur as a more valuable component in adding a predictive value to the genetic background of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Racis
- First Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, ul. Dębinki 7, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (W.S.); (M.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Fax: +48-58-3461201
| | - Anna Stanisławska-Sachadyn
- Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Gdańsk, ul. Dębinki 1, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.S.-S.); (N.K.); (J.L.)
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Microbiology, Gdańsk University of Technology, ul. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Wojciech Sobiczewski
- First Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, ul. Dębinki 7, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (W.S.); (M.G.)
| | - Marcin Wirtwein
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Gdańsk, ul. Dębinki 7, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Michał Krzemiński
- Department of Probability and Biomathematics, Gdańsk University of Technology, ul. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Natalia Krawczyńska
- Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Gdańsk, ul. Dębinki 1, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.S.-S.); (N.K.); (J.L.)
| | - Janusz Limon
- Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Gdańsk, ul. Dębinki 1, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.S.-S.); (N.K.); (J.L.)
| | - Andrzej Rynkiewicz
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiosurgery, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Al. Warszawska 30, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Marcin Gruchała
- First Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, ul. Dębinki 7, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (W.S.); (M.G.)
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Chan PHY, Chan KYY, Schooling CM, Hui LL, Chan MHM, Li AM, Cheung RCK, Lam HS. Association between genetic variations in GSH-related and MT genes and low-dose methylmercury exposure in children and women of childbearing age: a pilot study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 187:109703. [PMID: 32480025 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic variations in glutathione (GSH)-related and metallothionein (MT) genes, which are involved in producing enzymes in the methylmercury (MeHg) metabolism pathway, have been proposed as one of the reasons for the individual variability in MeHg toxicokinetics. OBJECTIVE To investigate the impact of genetic variations in MT and GSH-related genes on the association of fish consumption with body burden of MeHg, as measured by hair Hg concentrations among young children and women of childbearing age. METHODS A total of 179 unrelated children and 165 mothers with either high or low fish consumption were recruited from the community. Their hair total Hg (tHg) and MeHg levels and genotypes for SNPs located on the GCLC, GCLM, GPX1, GSTA1, GSTP1, MT1A, MT2A, and MT4 genes were determined. Based on their 14-day food records, the amounts of fish consumed and their MeHg intakes were estimated. The impact of genetic variations on hair Hg concentrations was examined by using Mann-Whitney tests and multivariable linear regression analyses. RESULTS The presence of minor alleles of GCLC-129 (rs17883901), GPX1-198 (rs1050450) and MT1M (rs9936741) were associated with significantly lower hair tHg levels in mothers whereas mothers with minor alleles of GSTP1-105(rs1695) and MT1M (rs2270836) have significantly higher hair tHg levels. After adjustment for fish consumption and other confounding factors, apart from MT1M (rs2270836), all of the above SNPs remain significant in the multivariable linear regression models. CONCLUSIONS Our results in a group of children and women show that genetic variants of GSH-related and MT genes are associated with hair Hg concentrations. These genetic variations are likely to significantly affect MeHg metabolism and thus influence the accumulation of Hg in the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peggy Hiu Ying Chan
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - Kathy Yuen Yee Chan
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - Catherine Mary Schooling
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; CUNY School of Public Health and Health Policy, NY, USA.
| | - Lai Ling Hui
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - Michael Ho Ming Chan
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - Albert Martin Li
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - Robert Chi Keung Cheung
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Hugh Simon Lam
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
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Hashemi MM, Mousavi E, Arab-Bafrani Z, Nezhadebrahimi A, Marjani A. The most effective polymorphisms of paraoxonase-1 gene on enzyme activity and concentration of paraoxonase-1 protein in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and non-diabetic individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2019; 152:135-145. [PMID: 31102685 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Many studies have evaluated the association of paraoxonase-1 (PON1) gene polymorphisms with enzyme activity and concentration in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the exact impact of these polymorphisms is not still obvious. Hence, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to clarify the association of PON1 polymorphisms with its enzyme characteristics in T2DM patients and non-diabetic individuals. METHODS We searched electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Scopus for publications by April 2018. The pooled response ratio (rr) for the association and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a fixed-effect model. RESULTS Fifteen relevant studies fulfilled our inclusion criteria. The results showed a 1.25-fold increase in total PON1 activity in non-diabetic group against T2DM patients (p-value = 0.024). Also, only Q192R and L55M polymorphisms had sufficient studies to be included in the meta-analysis. All three genotypes of Q192R polymorphism showed significantly different activities between the study groups with the highest pooled effect size for RR genotype (rrQQ < rrQR < rrRR) while this difference was seen only in LL genotype of L55M polymorphism. Therefore, Q192R polymorphism was more correlated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In case of concentration, there was no significant differences between two groups (p-value = 0.897). CONCLUSION Current meta-analysis suggested that the observed difference of total PON1 activity was due to the different activity of various genotypes of PON1 enzyme in case of L55M and Q192R polymorphisms so that LL and RR genotypes had the most important role in the establishment of mentioned difference.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elham Mousavi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Zahra Arab-Bafrani
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran; Stem Cell Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgān, Iran; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Abbas Nezhadebrahimi
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Abdoljalal Marjani
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
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Grubisa I, Otasevic P, Vucinic N, Milicic B, Jozic T, Krstic S, Milasin J. Combined GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes are strong risk factors for atherogenesis in a Serbian population. Genet Mol Biol 2018; 41:35-40. [PMID: 29658969 PMCID: PMC5901493 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2017-0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) plays an important role in atherogenesis and since glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) provide protection against OS, we have tested the hypothesis that deletion polymorphisms in two GSTs (GSTM1 and GSTT1) may affect the risk of developing atherosclerosis. A total of 382 individuals (200 patients with atherosclerosis and 182 healthy controls) were included in this association study. Genomic DNA was isolated from peripheral blood cells or from buccal epithelial cells and genotyping was performed using multiplex-PCR or real-time PCR methods. GSTM1 null genotype was significantly more frequent in atherosclerotic patients than in controls (52.0% vs 34.1%) and individuals with the GSTM1 null genotype had an approximately 2-fold increase in atherosclerosis risk (OR: 2.1, 95%CI=1.39-3.17, P=0.0004). GSTT1 null genotype alone did not show a statistically significant effect on atherosclerosis risk modulation, but the association approached significance (OR: 1.57, 95%CI=0.94-2.64, P=0.08). The combined analysis showed that the presence of both genes had a protective effect against atherosclerosis (OR=0.55, 95%CI=0.37-0.83, P=0.005) while double null genotypes led to a robust atherosclerosis risk increase (OR: 8.14, 95%CI= 2.41-27.51, P < 0.0001). This study demonstrated that the GSTM1 null and combined GSTM1/GSTT1 null genotypes are susceptibility factors for development of atherosclerosis in a Serbian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Grubisa
- Department of Human Genetics and Prenatal Diagnostics, Zvezdara, University Medical Center, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Petar Otasevic
- Dedinje Cardiovascular Institute Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nada Vucinic
- Department of Human Genetics and Prenatal Diagnostics, Zvezdara, University Medical Center, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Biljana Milicic
- Department of Statistics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tanja Jozic
- Clinic of Cardiology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slobodan Krstic
- Clinic for Emergency Surgery, Emergency Center, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Milasin
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Skvortsova L, Perfelyeva A, Khussainova E, Mansharipova A, Forman HJ, Djansugurova L. Association of GCLM -588C/T and GCLC -129T/C Promoter Polymorphisms of Genes Coding the Subunits of Glutamate Cysteine Ligase with Ischemic Heart Disease Development in Kazakhstan Population. DISEASE MARKERS 2017; 2017:4209257. [PMID: 28757675 PMCID: PMC5516751 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4209257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glutamate cysteine ligase (GCL) is a rate-limiting enzyme in synthesis of glutathione. Evidence suggests that genetic variations in the promoter region of genes coding a catalytic subunit (GCLC -129T/C) and a modifier subunit (GCLM -588C/T) of GCL have a functional impact on their transcriptional activity and were associated with various disorders. Hence, we hypothesize whether these two polymorphic variants of GCLM and GCLC genes are associated with the risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD) development in the population of Kazakhstan. METHODS We evaluated 360 patients with IHD and 341 control subjects. Allele frequencies of studied promoters' polymorphisms were detected by PCR-RFLP analysis. Multiple logistic regression analysis was applied to assess the risk for different genotypes obtained. RESULTS The presence of -588T allele in GCLM and -129T allele in GCLC gene genotypes was associated with an increased risk of IHD (GCLM -588T: OR = 3.92, p = 0.003; GCLC -129T: OR = 3.22, p = 0.03) for general ethnically mixed group. Analysis of each ethnical groups separately showed the higher risk tendency for Kazakhs as for GCLM -588T (OR = 4.79; p = 0.03) and as for GCLC -129T (OR = 4.79, p = 0.03). For Russians, statistically differences for two polymorphisms were not observed. CONCLUSION The two promoter polymorphisms of GCLM (-588C/T) and GCLC (-128T/C) are associated with an increased risk of IHD in Kazakhstan population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliya Skvortsova
- Institute of General Genetics and Cytology, Al-Farabi St. 93, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Anastasia Perfelyeva
- Institute of General Genetics and Cytology, Al-Farabi St. 93, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Elmira Khussainova
- Institute of General Genetics and Cytology, Al-Farabi St. 93, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Henry Jay Forman
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Leyla Djansugurova
- Institute of General Genetics and Cytology, Al-Farabi St. 93, Almaty, Kazakhstan
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Low energy and carbohydrate intake associated with higher total antioxidant capacity in apparently healthy adults. Nutrition 2014; 30:1349-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2014.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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11
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Gugliucci A, Menini T. Paraoxonase 1 and HDL maturation. Clin Chim Acta 2014; 439:5-13. [PMID: 25261854 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2014.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Revised: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the kinetics and function of paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is becoming an important issue in atherosclerosis. Low PON1 activity has been consistently linked with an increased risk of major cardiovascular events in the setting of secondary prevention of coronary artery disease. Recent studies have shown that there is a specific interaction of myeloperoxidase (MPO)-apoAI-PON1 on HDL surface that seems to be germane to atherogenesis. MPO specifically inhibits PON1 and PON1 mitigates MPO effects. Surprisingly, very little is known about the routes by which PON1 gets integrated into HDL or its fate during HDL remodeling in the intravascular space. We have developed a method that assesses PON1 activity in the individual HDL subclasses with the aid of which we have shown that PON1 is present across the HDL particle range and preferentially in HDL3, confirming data from ultracentrifugation (UC) studies. Upon HDL maturation ex vivo PON1 is activated and it shows a flux to both smaller and larger HDL particles as well as to VLDL and sdLDL. At the same time apoE, AI and AII are shifted across particle sizes. PON1 activation and flux across HDL particles are blocked by CETP and LCAT inhibitors. In a group of particles with such a complex biology as HDL, knowledge of the interaction between apo-lipoproteins, lipids and enzymes is key for an increased understanding of the yet multiple unknown features of its function. Solving the HDL paradox will necessitate the development of techniques to explore HDL function that are practical and well adapted to clinical studies and eventually become useful in patient monitoring. The confluence of proteomic, functional studies, HDL subclasses, PON1 assays and zymogram will yield data to draw a more elaborate and comprehensive picture of the function of HDL. It must be noted that all these studies are static and conducted in the fasting state. The crucial phase will be achieved when human kinetic studies (both in the fasting and post-prandial states) on HDL-PON1, apoA-I and lipid fate in the circulation are carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Gugliucci
- Glycation, Oxidation and Disease Laboratory, Touro University California College of Osteopathic Medicine, Vallejo, CA, USA.
| | - Teresita Menini
- Glycation, Oxidation and Disease Laboratory, Touro University California College of Osteopathic Medicine, Vallejo, CA, USA
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12
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The myeloperoxidase -463G/A polymorphism and coronary artery disease risk: A meta-analysis of 1938 cases and 1990 controls. Clin Biochem 2013; 46:1644-8. [PMID: 24036021 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2013.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2012] [Revised: 05/07/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Genetic polymorphism of human myeloperoxidase (MPO) -463G/A has been implicated to alter the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), but the results are controversial. To improve the reliability of the conflicting results, we conducted a meta-analysis of studies relating the MPO -463G/A polymorphism with the risk of CAD. DESIGN AND METHODS Two investigators independently searched the MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Library up to June, 2012. Summary odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the MPO -463G/A polymorphism and CAD risk were calculated, and potential sources of heterogeneity and publication bias were explored. Statistical analysis was performed with the software program of Stata 9.0. RESULTS 5 case-control studies were finally identified for analyses, involving 1938 cases with CAD and 1990 controls. We found that the MPO -463G/A polymorphism has no significant association with overall CAD risk (G/G vs A/A: OR=0.595, 95%CI=0.298-1.188, P=0.141; G/G vs G/A+A/A: OR=0.886, 95%CI=0.779-1.008, P=0.066; G/G+G/A vs A/A: OR=0.611, 95%CI=0.334-1.119, P=0.111; OR=0.886, 95%CI=0.779-1.008, P=0.066; G vs A: OR=0.843, 95%CI=0.675-1.053, P=0.133). The heterogeneity test showed that there were significant differences between individual studies in additive, recessive and allelic genetic models (P=0.008, P=0.021, P=0.019, respectively); further analyses revealed that age and sex possibly account for the heterogeneity. CONCLUSIONS Our meta-analysis demonstrated the evidence that there was no significant association between the MPO -463G/A polymorphism and the risk of CAD; larger and well-designed multicenter studies are needed to confirm our results.
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Abstract
Fetal programming associated with in utero exposure to maternal stress is thought to alter gene expression, resulting in phenotypes that promote survival in a pathogen-rich and nutrient-poor environment but substantially increase the risk of cardiovascular, metabolic and renal disorders (such as diabetes mellitus) in adults with obesity. These (epi)genetic phenomena are modified by environmental and socioeconomic factors, resulting in multiple subphenotypes and clinical consequences. In individuals from areas undergoing rapid economic development, which is associated with a transition from communicable to noncommunicable diseases, an efficient innate immune response can exaggerate obesity-associated inflammation. By contrast, in individuals with a genetic predisposition to autoimmune or monogenic diabetes mellitus, obesity can lead to atypical presentation of diabetes mellitus, termed 'double diabetes mellitus'. The increasingly young age at diagnosis of diabetes mellitus in developing countries results in prolonged exposure to glucolipotoxicity, low-grade inflammation and increased oxidative stress, which put enormous strain on pancreatic β cells and renal function. These conditions create a metabolic milieu conducive to cancer growth. This Review discusses how rapid changes in technology and human behaviour have brought on the global epidemic of metabolic diseases, and suggests that solutions will be based on using system change, technology and behavioural strategies to combat this societal-turned-medical problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice P S Kong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, NT Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
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Katakami N. Pathophysiology and early diagnosis of diabetic macroangiopathy. Diabetol Int 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13340-013-0130-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Kesarwani P, Murali AK, Al-Khami AA, Mehrotra S. Redox regulation of T-cell function: from molecular mechanisms to significance in human health and disease. Antioxid Redox Signal 2013; 18:1497-534. [PMID: 22938635 PMCID: PMC3603502 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2011.4073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are thought to have effects on T-cell function and proliferation. Low concentrations of ROS in T cells are a prerequisite for cell survival, and increased ROS accumulation can lead to apoptosis/necrosis. The cellular redox state of a T cell can also affect T-cell receptor signaling, skewing the immune response. Various T-cell subsets have different redox statuses, and this differential ROS susceptibility could modulate the outcome of an immune response in various disease states. Recent advances in T-cell redox signaling reveal that ROS modulate signaling cascades such as the mitogen-activated protein kinase, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT, and JAK/STAT pathways. Also, tumor microenvironments, chronic T-cell stimulation leading to replicative senescence, gender, and age affect T-cell susceptibility to ROS, thereby contributing to diverse immune outcomes. Antioxidants such as glutathione, thioredoxin, superoxide dismutase, and catalase balance cellular oxidative stress. T-cell redox states are also regulated by expression of various vitamins and dietary compounds. Changes in T-cell redox regulation may affect the pathogenesis of various human diseases. Many strategies to control oxidative stress have been employed for various diseases, including the use of active antioxidants from dietary products and pharmacologic or genetic engineering of antioxidant genes in T cells. Here, we discuss the existence of a complex web of molecules/factors that exogenously or endogenously affect oxidants, and we relate these molecules to potential therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravin Kesarwani
- Department of Surgery, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
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Heslop CL, Tebbutt SJ, Podder M, Ruan J, Hill JS. Combined Polymorphisms in Oxidative Stress Genes Predict Coronary Artery Disease and Oxidative Stress in Coronary Angiography Patients. Ann Hum Genet 2012; 76:435-47. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-1809.2012.00731.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Lönn ME, Dennis JM, Stocker R. Actions of "antioxidants" in the protection against atherosclerosis. Free Radic Biol Med 2012; 53:863-84. [PMID: 22664312 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2011] [Revised: 05/05/2012] [Accepted: 05/16/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This review addresses the role of oxidative processes in atherosclerosis and its resulting cardiovascular disease by focusing on the outcome of antioxidant interventions. Although there is unambiguous evidence for the presence of heightened oxidative stress and resulting damage in atherosclerosis, it remains to be established whether this represents a cause or a consequence of the disease. This critical question is complicated further by the increasing realization that oxidative processes, including those related to signaling, are part of normal cell function. Overall, the results from animal interventions suggest that antioxidants provide benefit neither generally nor consistently. Where benefit is observed, it appears to be achieved at least in part via modulation of biological processes such as increase in nitric oxide bioavailability and induction of protective enzymes such as heme oxygenase-1, rather than via inhibition of oxidative processes and lipid oxidation in the arterial wall. Exceptions to this may be situations of multiple/excessive stress, the relevance of which for humans is not clear. This interpretation is consistent with the overall disappointing outcome of antioxidant interventions in humans and can be rationalized by the spatial compartmentalization of cellular oxidative signaling and/or damage, complex roles of oxidant-producing enzymes, and the multifactorial nature of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria E Lönn
- Centre for Vascular Research, School of Medical Sciences (Pathology), and Bosch Institute, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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Mehdi MM, Rizvi SI. Human Plasma Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) Arylesterase Activity During Aging: Correlation with Susceptibility of LDL Oxidation. Arch Med Res 2012; 43:438-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2012.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Accepted: 08/17/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Raja B, Saravanakumar M, Sathya G. Veratric acid ameliorates hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress in Wistar rats fed an atherogenic diet. Mol Cell Biochem 2012; 366:21-30. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-012-1278-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2011] [Accepted: 03/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Kaneto H, Katakami N, Matsuhisa M, Matsuoka TA. Role of reactive oxygen species in the progression of type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis. Mediators Inflamm 2010; 2010:453892. [PMID: 20182627 PMCID: PMC2825658 DOI: 10.1155/2010/453892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 337] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2009] [Accepted: 11/13/2009] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is the most prevalent and serious metabolic disease all over the world, and its hallmarks are pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance. Under diabetic conditions, chronic hyperglycemia and subsequent augmentation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) deteriorate beta-cell function and increase insulin resistance which leads to the aggravation of type 2 diabetes. In addition, chronic hyperglycemia and ROS are also involved in the development of atherosclerosis which is often observed under diabetic conditions. Taken together, it is likely that ROS play an important role in the development of type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Kaneto
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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Katakami N, Saito M, Kaneto H, Matsuhisa M, Kawamori R, Osonoi T, Yamasaki Y. Combined effect of oxidative stress-related gene polymorphisms on the progression of carotid atherosclerosis in Japanese type 2 diabetes. Atherosclerosis 2009; 207:29-31. [PMID: 19486980 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2009] [Revised: 04/14/2009] [Accepted: 04/23/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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