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Kalm T, Schob C, Völler H, Gardeitchik T, Gilissen C, Pfundt R, Klöckner C, Platzer K, Klabunde-Cherwon A, Ries M, Syrbe S, Beccaria F, Madia F, Scala M, Zara F, Hofstede F, Simon MEH, van Jaarsveld RH, Oegema R, van Gassen KLI, Holwerda SJB, Barakat TS, Bouman A, van Slegtenhorst M, Álvarez S, Fernández-Jaén A, Porta J, Accogli A, Mancardi MM, Striano P, Iacomino M, Chae JH, Jang S, Kim SY, Chitayat D, Mercimek-Andrews S, Depienne C, Kampmeier A, Kuechler A, Surowy H, Bertini ES, Radio FC, Mancini C, Pizzi S, Tartaglia M, Gauthier L, Genevieve D, Tharreau M, Azoulay N, Zaks-Hoffer G, Gilad NK, Orenstein N, Bernard G, Thiffault I, Denecke J, Herget T, Kortüm F, Kubisch C, Bähring R, Kindler S. Etiological involvement of KCND1 variants in an X-linked neurodevelopmental disorder with variable expressivity. Am J Hum Genet 2024; 111:1206-1221. [PMID: 38772379 PMCID: PMC11179411 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2024.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Utilizing trio whole-exome sequencing and a gene matching approach, we identified a cohort of 18 male individuals from 17 families with hemizygous variants in KCND1, including two de novo missense variants, three maternally inherited protein-truncating variants, and 12 maternally inherited missense variants. Affected subjects present with a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by diverse neurological abnormalities, mostly delays in different developmental domains, but also distinct neuropsychiatric signs and epilepsy. Heterozygous carrier mothers are clinically unaffected. KCND1 encodes the α-subunit of Kv4.1 voltage-gated potassium channels. All variant-associated amino acid substitutions affect either the cytoplasmic N- or C-terminus of the channel protein except for two occurring in transmembrane segments 1 and 4. Kv4.1 channels were functionally characterized in the absence and presence of auxiliary β subunits. Variant-specific alterations of biophysical channel properties were diverse and varied in magnitude. Genetic data analysis in combination with our functional assessment shows that Kv4.1 channel dysfunction is involved in the pathogenesis of an X-linked neurodevelopmental disorder frequently associated with a variable neuropsychiatric clinical phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tassja Kalm
- Institute for Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Center for Experimental Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Schob
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hanna Völler
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thatjana Gardeitchik
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6525 GA, the Netherlands
| | - Christian Gilissen
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6525 GA, the Netherlands
| | - Rolph Pfundt
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6525 GA, the Netherlands
| | - Chiara Klöckner
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Konrad Platzer
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Annick Klabunde-Cherwon
- Division of Pediatric Epileptology, Centre for Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Ries
- Division of Pediatric Epileptology, Centre for Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Steffen Syrbe
- Division of Pediatric Epileptology, Centre for Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Francesca Beccaria
- Epilepsy Center, Department of Child Neuropsychiatry, Territorial Social-Health Agency, 46100 Mantova, Italy
| | - Francesca Madia
- Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Marcello Scala
- Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, 16145 Genoa, Italy
| | - Federico Zara
- Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, 16145 Genoa, Italy
| | - Floris Hofstede
- Department of General Pediatrics, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marleen E H Simon
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 EA, the Netherlands
| | - Richard H van Jaarsveld
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 EA, the Netherlands
| | - Renske Oegema
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 EA, the Netherlands
| | - Koen L I van Gassen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 EA, the Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd J B Holwerda
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 EA, the Netherlands
| | - Tahsin Stefan Barakat
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands; ENCORE Expertise Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands; Discovery Unit, Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands
| | - Arjan Bouman
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands
| | - Marjon van Slegtenhorst
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands
| | - Sara Álvarez
- Genomics and Medicine, NIMGenetics, 28108 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Fernández-Jaén
- Pediatric Neurology Department, Quironsalud University Hospital Madrid, School of Medicine, European University of Madrid, 28224 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Porta
- Genomics, Genologica Medica, 29016 Málaga, Spain
| | - Andrea Accogli
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Specialized Medicine, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, QC H4A 3J1 Montreal, Canada; Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, QC H4A 3J1 Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Pasquale Striano
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, 16145 Genoa, Italy; Pediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Michele Iacomino
- Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Jong-Hee Chae
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea; Department of Genomic Medicine, Rare Disease Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - SeSong Jang
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Y Kim
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Rare Disease Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - David Chitayat
- The Prenatal Diagnosis and Medical Genetics Program, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto ON M5G 1E2 Toronto, Canada; Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for SickKids, University of Toronto, M5G 1X8 Toronto, Canada
| | - Saadet Mercimek-Andrews
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for SickKids, University of Toronto, M5G 1X8 Toronto, Canada; Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, AB T6G 2H7 Edmonton, Canada
| | - Christel Depienne
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Antje Kampmeier
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Alma Kuechler
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Harald Surowy
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | | | | | - Cecilia Mancini
- Molecular Genetics and Functional Genomics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Pizzi
- Molecular Genetics and Functional Genomics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Tartaglia
- Molecular Genetics and Functional Genomics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Lucas Gauthier
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenomics, Rare and Autoinflammatory Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - David Genevieve
- Montpellier University, Inserm U1183, Montpellier, France; Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Mylène Tharreau
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenomics, Rare and Autoinflammatory Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Noy Azoulay
- The Genetic Institute of Maccabi Health Services, Rehovot 7610000, Israel; Raphael Recanati Genetics Institute, Beilinson Hospital, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva 49100, Israel
| | - Gal Zaks-Hoffer
- Raphael Recanati Genetics Institute, Beilinson Hospital, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva 49100, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Nesia K Gilad
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; Pediatric Genetics Unit, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikvah 4920235, Israel
| | - Naama Orenstein
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; Pediatric Genetics Unit, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikvah 4920235, Israel
| | - Geneviève Bernard
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Specialized Medicine, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, QC H4A 3J1 Montreal, Canada; Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Pediatrics and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada; Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Isabelle Thiffault
- Genomic Medicine Center, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA; UKMC School of Medicine, University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Jonas Denecke
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Theresia Herget
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Fanny Kortüm
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Kubisch
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Robert Bähring
- Institute for Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Center for Experimental Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Stefan Kindler
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
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Zhou H, Su D, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Huang P. KCND2: A prognostic biomarker and regulator of immune function in gastric cancer. Cancer Med 2023; 12:16279-16294. [PMID: 37347147 PMCID: PMC10469724 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease, which makes it challenging to develop effective targeted therapies. Although the potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D (KCND) channels, particularly KCND2 (also known as Kv4.2), have found evidence of involvement in the occurrence and development of various cancers, there are still some limitations in our understanding of KCND2's roles in gastric cancer. METHODS We analyzed the correlation between KCND2 expression and clinical features as well as immune infiltration using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Functional assays of KCND2 were conducted using Cell counting Kit-8 (CCK8), clone formation assay and cell cycle analysis. Additionally, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) techniques were used to investigate tumor proliferation and immune cell infiltration at different levels of KCND2 expression in vivo. RESULTS KCND2 was markedly elevated in gastric cancer and its expression appeared to link to different grades, T stages, and N stages. In addition, KCND2 was an independent predictor of prognosis, and its elevated levels in TCGA database revealed a more unfavorable prognosis for patients with gastric cancer. KCND2 strengthened the viability at the cellular level by boosting the proliferation of gastric cancer cells and reducing their death rate. Additionally, it also highlights that KCND2 the abilities of proliferating of gastric cancer cells by stimulating NF-κB both in cell and animal levels. In addition, the findings provided proof that in animal levels, KCND2 might regulate the immune system by associating with promoting M2 macrophages, which are known to play critical roles in cancer progression. Mechanistically, KCND2 was found to lead to the infiltration of M2 macrophages through activation of NF-κB, ultimately promoting the advancement of gastric cancer. CONCLUSION Overall, these findings suggest that KCND2 is likely to be available as an underlying therapeutic target for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Zhou
- SuZhou Medical College of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer CenterZhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College)HangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Dan Su
- Department of Clinical MedicineHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer CenterZhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College)HangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer CenterZhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College)HangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Ping Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer CenterZhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College)HangzhouZhejiangChina
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Chen CY, Wu PY, Van Scoyk M, Simko SA, Chou CF, Winn RA. KCNF1 promotes lung cancer by modulating ITGB4 expression. Cancer Gene Ther 2023; 30:414-423. [PMID: 36385523 PMCID: PMC10014577 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-022-00560-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer continues to be the leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Despite recent advances, the five-year survival rate for lung cancer compared to other cancers still remains fairly low. The discovery of molecular targets for lung cancer is key to the development of new approaches and therapies. Electrically silent voltage-gated potassium channel (KvS) subfamilies, which are unable to form functional homotetramers, are implicated in cell-cycle progression, cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. Here, we analyzed the expression of KvS subfamilies in human lung tumors and identified that potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily F member 1 (KCNF1) was up-regulated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Silencing of KCNF1 in NSCLC cell lines reduced cell proliferation and tumor progression in mouse xenografts, re-established the integrity of the basement membrane, and enhanced cisplatin sensitivity. KCNF1 was predominately localized in the nucleoplasm and likely mediated its functions in an ion-independent manner. We identified integrin β4 subunit (ITGB4) as a downstream target for KCNF1. Our findings suggest that KCNF1 promotes lung cancer by enhancing ITGB4 signaling and implicate KCNF1 as a novel therapeutic target for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Yi Chen
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Pei-Ying Wu
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Michelle Van Scoyk
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Stephanie A Simko
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Chu-Fang Chou
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Robert A Winn
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
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4
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Boyle Y, Johns TG, Fletcher EV. Potassium Ion Channels in Malignant Central Nervous System Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194767. [PMID: 36230692 PMCID: PMC9563970 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant central nervous system (CNS) cancers are among the most difficult to treat, with low rates of survival and a high likelihood of recurrence. This is primarily due to their location within the CNS, hindering adequate drug delivery and tumour access via surgery. Furthermore, CNS cancer cells are highly plastic, an adaptive property that enables them to bypass targeted treatment strategies and develop drug resistance. Potassium ion channels have long been implicated in the progression of many cancers due to their integral role in several hallmarks of the disease. Here, we will explore this relationship further, with a focus on malignant CNS cancers, including high-grade glioma (HGG). HGG is the most lethal form of primary brain tumour in adults, with the majority of patient mortality attributed to drug-resistant secondary tumours. Hence, targeting proteins that are integral to cellular plasticity could reduce tumour recurrence, improving survival. This review summarises the role of potassium ion channels in malignant CNS cancers, specifically how they contribute to proliferation, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and plasticity. We will also explore how specific modulation of these proteins may provide a novel way to overcome drug resistance and improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Boyle
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth Children’s Hospital, 15 Hospital Ave, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- School of Biomedicine, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Terrance G. Johns
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth Children’s Hospital, 15 Hospital Ave, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- School of Biomedicine, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Emily V. Fletcher
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth Children’s Hospital, 15 Hospital Ave, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- School of Biomedicine, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
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5
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Zúñiga L, Cayo A, González W, Vilos C, Zúñiga R. Potassium Channels as a Target for Cancer Therapy: Current Perspectives. Onco Targets Ther 2022; 15:783-797. [PMID: 35899081 PMCID: PMC9309325 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s326614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Potassium (K+) channels are highly regulated membrane proteins that control the potassium ion flux and respond to different cellular stimuli. These ion channels are grouped into three major families, Kv (voltage-gated K+ channel), Kir (inwardly rectifying K+ channel) and K2P (two-pore K+ channels), according to the structure, to mediate the K+ currents. In cancer, alterations in K+ channel function can promote the acquisition of the so-called hallmarks of cancer – cell proliferation, resistance to apoptosis, metabolic changes, angiogenesis, and migratory capabilities – emerging as targets for the development of new therapeutic drugs. In this review, we focus our attention on the different K+ channels associated with the most relevant and prevalent cancer types. We summarize our knowledge about the potassium channels structure and function, their cancer dysregulated expression and discuss the K+ channels modulator and the strategies for designing new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Zúñiga
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Molecular, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile.,Centro de Nanomedicina, Diagnóstico y Desarrollo de Fármacos (ND3), Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Angel Cayo
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Molecular, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile.,Centro de Nanomedicina, Diagnóstico y Desarrollo de Fármacos (ND3), Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Wendy González
- Centro de Bioinformática y Simulación Molecular, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile.,Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channels-Associated Diseases (MiNICAD), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Cristian Vilos
- Centro de Nanomedicina, Diagnóstico y Desarrollo de Fármacos (ND3), Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile.,Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Targeted Delivery, School of Medicine, Universidad de Talca, Talca, 3460000, Chile.,Center for The Development of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, 8350709, Chile
| | - Rafael Zúñiga
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Molecular, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile.,Centro de Nanomedicina, Diagnóstico y Desarrollo de Fármacos (ND3), Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
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Bezerra DP, de Aguiar JP, Keasey MP, Rodrigues CG, de Oliveira JRM. MiR-9-5p Regulates Genes Linked to Cerebral Calcification in the Osteogenic Differentiation Model and Induces Generalized Alteration in the Ion Channels. J Mol Neurosci 2021; 71:1897-1905. [PMID: 34041689 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-021-01830-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA-9 (miR-9) modulates gene expression and demonstrates high structural conservation and wide expression in the central nervous system. Bioinformatics analysis predicts almost 100 ion channels, membrane transporters and receptors, including genes linked to primary familial brain calcification (PFBC), as possible miR-9-5p targets. PFBC is a neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by bilateral and symmetrical calcifications in the brain, associated with motor and behavioral disturbances. In this work, we seek to study the influence of miR-9-5p in regulating genes involved in PFBC, in an osteogenic differentiation model with SaOs-2 cells. During the induced calcification process, solute carrier family 20 member 2 (SLC20A2) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRB) were downregulated, while platelet-derived growth factor beta (PDGFB) showed no significant changes. Significantly decreased levels of SLC20A2 and PDGFRB were caused by the presence of miR-9-5p, while PDGFB showed no regulation. We confirmed the findings using an miR-9-5p inhibitor and also probed the cells in electrophysiological analysis to assess whether such microRNA might affect a broader range of ion channels, membrane transporters and receptors. Our electrophysiological data show that an increase of the miR-9-5p in SaOs-2 cells decreased the density and amplitude of the output ionic currents, indicating that it may influence the activity, and perhaps the expression, of some ionic channels. Additional investigations should determine whether such an effect is specific to miR-9-5p, and whether it could be used, together with the miR-9-5p inhibitor, as a therapeutic or diagnostic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Matthew Philip Keasey
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA
| | | | - João Ricardo Mendes de Oliveira
- Keizo Asami Laboratory, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil. .,Neuropsychiatry Department, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
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Hernandez-Resendiz I, Hartung F, Pardo LA. Antibodies Targeting K V Potassium Channels: A Promising Treatment for Cancer. Bioelectricity 2019; 1:180-187. [PMID: 34471820 DOI: 10.1089/bioe.2019.0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated potassium channels are transmembrane proteins that allow flow of potassium across the membrane to regulate ion homeostasis, cell proliferation, migration, cell volume, and specific processes such as muscular contraction. Aberrant function or expression of potassium channels can underlie pathologies ranging from heart arrhythmia to cancer; the expression of potassium channels is altered in many types of cancer and that alteration correlates with malignancy and poor prognosis. Targeting potassium channels therefore constitutes a promising approach for cancer therapy. In this review, we discuss strategies to target a particular family of potassium channels, the voltage-gated potassium channels (KV) where a reasonable structural understanding is available. We also discuss the possible obstacles and advantages of such a strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Franziska Hartung
- AG Oncophysiology, Max Planck Institute for Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Luis A Pardo
- AG Oncophysiology, Max Planck Institute for Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
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8
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Ciotu CI, Tsantoulas C, Meents J, Lampert A, McMahon SB, Ludwig A, Fischer MJM. Noncanonical Ion Channel Behaviour in Pain. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4572. [PMID: 31540178 PMCID: PMC6770626 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ion channels contribute fundamental properties to cell membranes. Although highly diverse in conductivity, structure, location, and function, many of them can be regulated by common mechanisms, such as voltage or (de-)phosphorylation. Primarily considering ion channels involved in the nociceptive system, this review covers more novel and less known features. Accordingly, we outline noncanonical operation of voltage-gated sodium, potassium, transient receptor potential (TRP), and hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide (HCN)-gated channels. Noncanonical features discussed include properties as a memory for prior voltage and chemical exposure, alternative ion conduction pathways, cluster formation, and silent subunits. Complementary to this main focus, the intention is also to transfer knowledge between fields, which become inevitably more separate due to their size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosmin I Ciotu
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Jannis Meents
- Institute of Physiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Angelika Lampert
- Institute of Physiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Stephen B McMahon
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, London SE1 1UR, UK
| | - Andreas Ludwig
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael J M Fischer
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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9
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Implication of Voltage-Gated Potassium Channels in Neoplastic Cell Proliferation. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11030287. [PMID: 30823672 PMCID: PMC6468671 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11030287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated potassium channels (Kv) are the largest group of ion channels. Kv are involved in controlling the resting potential and action potential duration in the heart and brain. Additionally, these proteins participate in cell cycle progression as well as in several other important features in mammalian cell physiology, such as activation, differentiation, apoptosis, and cell volume control. Therefore, Kv remarkably participate in the cell function by balancing responses. The implication of Kv in physiological and pathophysiological cell growth is the subject of study, as Kv are proposed as therapeutic targets for tumor regression. Though it is widely accepted that Kv channels control proliferation by allowing cell cycle progression, their role is controversial. Kv expression is altered in many cancers, and their participation, as well as their use as tumor markers, is worthy of effort. There is an ever-growing list of Kv that remodel during tumorigenesis. This review focuses on the actual knowledge of Kv channel expression and their relationship with neoplastic proliferation. In this work, we provide an update of what is currently known about these proteins, thereby paving the way for a more precise understanding of the participation of Kv during cancer development.
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Wei H, Li Y, Du Y, Ma J. KCND2 upregulation might be an independent indicator of poor survival in gastric cancer. Future Oncol 2018; 14:2811-2820. [PMID: 30051729 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2018-0418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM We aimed to investigate the expression of voltage-gated potassium channels KCND1/KCND2/KCND3 in gastric cancer (GC) and normal stomach tissues and to investigate the prognostic value of the upregulated gene KCND2. PATIENTS & METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed using data from large available databases. RESULTS KCND2 was significantly upregulated at the mRNA and protein levels in GC compared with that in normal stomach tissues. High KCND2 RNA expression was independently associated with shorter overall survival (HR: 1.634, 95% CI: 1.135-2.352; p = 0.008) and recurrence-free survival (HR: 2.644, 95% CI: 1.438-4.863; p = 0.002). Data mining in the Kaplan-Meier plotter confirmed the prognostic value of KCND2. CONCLUSION KCND2 upregulation is a valuable prognostic biomarker in GC patients, in terms of overall survival and recurrence-free survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wei
- Department of Endoscopy, Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, PR China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Endoscopy, Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, PR China
| | - Yaowu Du
- Laboratory for Nanomedicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, PR China
| | - Ji Ma
- Department of Endoscopy, Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, PR China
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Lee JH, Park JW, Byun JK, Kim HK, Ryu PD, Lee SY, Kim DY. Silencing of voltage-gated potassium channel KV9.3 inhibits proliferation in human colon and lung carcinoma cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:8132-43. [PMID: 25924237 PMCID: PMC4480740 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels are known to be involved in cancer development and cancer cell proliferation. KV9.3, an electronically silent subunit, forms heterotetramers with KV2.1 in excitable cells and modulates its electrophysiological properties. However, the role of KV9.3 alone in non-excitable cancer cells has not been studied. Here, we evaluated the effect of silencing KV9.3 on cancer cell proliferation in HCT15 colon carcinoma cells and A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells. We confirmed the expression of KV9.3 mRNA in HCT15 and A549 cells and showed that silencing KV9.3 using small interfering RNA caused G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and alterations in cell cycle regulatory proteins in both HCT15 and A549 cells without affecting apoptosis. Also, stable knockdown of KV9.3 expression using short-hairpin RNA inhibited tumor growth in SCID mouse xenograft model. Using a bioinformatics approach, we identified Sp1 binding sites in the promoter region of the gene encoding KV9.3. We further found that Sp1 bound to this region and showed that the Sp1 inhibitor, mithramycin A, induced a concentration-dependent decrease in KV9.3 expression. Taken together, these data suggest that knockdown of KV9.3 inhibits proliferation in colon carcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma cell lines and may be regulated by Sp1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Ha Lee
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun-Won Park
- Biomolecular Function Research Branch, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Korea
| | - Jun Kyu Byun
- Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hark Kyun Kim
- Biomolecular Function Research Branch, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Korea
| | - Pan Dong Ryu
- Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - So Yeong Lee
- Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae-Yong Kim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Voltage-Gated K+ Channel, Kv3.3 Is Involved in Hemin-Induced K562 Differentiation. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148633. [PMID: 26849432 PMCID: PMC4743930 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated K+ (Kv) channels are well known to be involved in cell proliferation. However, even though cell proliferation is closely related to cell differentiation, the relationship between Kv channels and cell differentiation remains poorly investigated. This study demonstrates that Kv3.3 is involved in K562 cell erythroid differentiation. Down-regulation of Kv3.3 using siRNA-Kv3.3 increased hemin-induced K562 erythroid differentiation through decreased activation of signal molecules such as p38, cAMP response element-binding protein, and c-fos. Down-regulation of Kv3.3 also enhanced cell adhesion by increasing integrin β3 and this effect was amplified when the cells were cultured with fibronectin. The Kv channels, or at least Kv3.3, appear to be associated with cell differentiation; therefore, understanding the mechanisms of Kv channel regulation of cell differentiation would provide important information regarding vital cellular processes.
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Urrego D, Tomczak AP, Zahed F, Stühmer W, Pardo LA. Potassium channels in cell cycle and cell proliferation. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2014; 369:20130094. [PMID: 24493742 PMCID: PMC3917348 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2013.0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 269] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Normal cell-cycle progression is a crucial task for every multicellular organism, as it determines body size and shape, tissue renewal and senescence, and is also crucial for reproduction. On the other hand, dysregulation of the cell-cycle progression leading to uncontrolled cell proliferation is the hallmark of cancer. Therefore, it is not surprising that it is a tightly regulated process, with multifaceted and very complex control mechanisms. It is now well established that one of those mechanisms relies on ion channels, and in many cases specifically on potassium channels. Here, we summarize the possible mechanisms underlying the importance of potassium channels in cell-cycle control and briefly review some of the identified channels that illustrate the multiple ways in which this group of proteins can influence cell proliferation and modulate cell-cycle progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Urrego
- Oncophysiology Group, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, , Hermann-Rein-Strasse 3, Göttingen 37075, Germany
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Lee BH, Ryu PD, Lee SY. Serum starvation-induced voltage-gated potassium channel Kv7.5 expression and its regulation by Sp1 in canine osteosarcoma cells. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:977-93. [PMID: 24434641 PMCID: PMC3907850 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15010977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2013] [Revised: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The KCNQ gene family, whose members encode Kv7 channels, belongs to the voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channel group. The roles of this gene family have been widely investigated in nerve and muscle cells. In the present study, we investigated several characteristics of Kv7.5, which is strongly expressed in the canine osteosarcoma cell line, CCL-183. Serum starvation upregulated Kv7.5 expression, and the Kv7 channel opener, flupirtine, attenuated cell proliferation by arresting cells in the G0/G1 phase. We also showed that Kv7.5 knockdown helps CCL-183 cells to proliferate. In an effort to find an endogenous regulator of Kv7.5, we used mithramycin A to reduce the level of the transcription factor Sp1, and it strongly inhibited the induction of Kv7.5 in CCL-183 cells. These results suggest that the activation of Kv7.5 by flupirtine may exert an anti-proliferative effect in canine osteosarcoma. Therefore, Kv7.5 is a possible molecular target for canine osteosarcoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Hyung Lee
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
| | - Pan Dong Ryu
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
| | - So Yeong Lee
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
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Williams S, Bateman A, O'Kelly I. Altered expression of two-pore domain potassium (K2P) channels in cancer. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74589. [PMID: 24116006 PMCID: PMC3792113 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 08/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Potassium channels have become a focus in cancer biology as they play roles in cell behaviours associated with cancer progression, including proliferation, migration and apoptosis. Two-pore domain (K2P) potassium channels are background channels which enable the leak of potassium ions from cells. As these channels are open at rest they have a profound effect on cellular membrane potential and subsequently the electrical activity and behaviour of cells in which they are expressed. The K2P family of channels has 15 mammalian members and already 4 members of this family (K2P2.1, K2P3.1, K2P9.1, K2P5.1) have been implicated in cancer. Here we examine the expression of all 15 members of the K2P family of channels in a range of cancer types. This was achieved using the online cancer microarray database, Oncomine (www.oncomine.org). Each gene was examined across 20 cancer types, comparing mRNA expression in cancer to normal tissue. This analysis revealed all but 3 K2P family members (K2P4.1, K2P16.1, K2P18.1) show altered expression in cancer. Overexpression of K2P channels was observed in a range of cancers including breast, leukaemia and lung while more cancers (brain, colorectal, gastrointestinal, kidney, lung, melanoma, oesophageal) showed underexpression of one or more channels. K2P1.1, K2P3.1, K2P12.1, were overexpressed in a range of cancers. While K2P1.1, K2P3.1, K2P5.1, K2P6.1, K2P7.1 and K2P10.1 showed significant underexpression across the cancer types examined. This analysis supports the view that specific K2P channels may play a role in cancer biology. Their altered expression together with their ability to impact the function of other ion channels and their sensitivity to environmental stimuli (pO2, pH, glucose, stretch) makes understanding the role these channels play in cancer of key importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Williams
- Human Development and Health, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Bateman
- Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Ita O'Kelly
- Human Development and Health, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: I.M.O'
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Jang SH, Ryu PD, Lee SY. Dendrotoxin-κ suppresses tumor growth induced by human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells in nude mice. J Vet Sci 2011; 12:35-40. [PMID: 21368561 PMCID: PMC3053465 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2011.12.1.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated K(+) (Kv) channels have been considered to be a regulator of membrane potential and neuronal excitability. Recently, accumulated evidence has indicated that several Kv channel subtypes contribute to the control of cell proliferation in various types of cells and are worth noting as potential emerging molecular targets of cancer therapy. In the present study, we investigated the effects of the Kv1.1-specific blocker, dendrotoxin-κ (DTX-κ, on tumor formation induced by the human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 in a xenograft model. Kv1.1 mRNA and protein was expressed in A549 cells and the blockade of Kv1.1 by DTX-κ, reduced tumor formation in nude mice. Furthermore, treatment with DTX-κ significantly increased protein expression of p21(Waf1/Cip1), p27(Kip1), and p15(INK4B) and significantly decreased protein expression of cyclin D3 in tumor tissues compared to the control. These results suggest that DTX-κ has anti-tumor effects in A549 cells through the pathway governing G1-S transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Hwa Jang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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Kim HJ, Jang SH, Jeong YA, Ryu PD, Kim DY, Lee SY. Involvement of Kv4.1 K(+) channels in gastric cancer cell proliferation. Biol Pharm Bull 2011; 33:1754-7. [PMID: 20930388 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.33.1754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels are expressed not only in excitable cells but also in non-excitable cells such as epithelial cells. Recent studies have demonstrated that several subtypes of Kv channels are expressed in epithelial tumor cells, including human gastric cancer cells, and are associated with cell proliferation. In the present study, we examined the expression of Kv4.1 in human gastric cancer cell lines and the effects of suppressed expression of Kv4.1 on cell proliferation and cell cycle distribution. We found that Kv4.1 mRNA and protein are expressed in the human gastric cancer cell lines MKN-45 and SNU-638. Moreover, Kv4.1-targeted small interference RNA (siRNA) treatment inhibited gastric cancer cell proliferation. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that suppressed expression of Kv4.1 induced a G1-S transition block of cell cycle progression. These results reveal that Kv4.1 plays a role in the proliferation of the human gastric cancer cell lines MKN-45 and SNU-638 and can be considered as a therapeutic target for human gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Jin Kim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Korea
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Anti-proliferative effect of Kv1.3 blockers in A549 human lung adenocarcinoma in vitro and in vivo. Eur J Pharmacol 2011; 651:26-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.10.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2010] [Revised: 10/07/2010] [Accepted: 10/29/2010] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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