1
|
Liu X, Wei X, Wu J, Xu Y, Hu J, Qin C, Chen C, Lin Y. CBLL1 promotes endometrial stromal cell senescence via inhibiting PTEN in recurrent spontaneous abortion. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23833. [PMID: 39012313 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400972r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) is a common pregnancy-related disorder. Cbl proto-oncogene like 1 (CBLL1) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase, which has been reported to vary with the menstrual cycle in the endometrium. However, whether CBLL1 is involved in the occurrence and development of RSA remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of CBLL1 on RSA. We analyzed the expression of CBLL1 in the decidua of RSA patients, as well as its functional effects on cellular senescence, oxidative stress, and proliferation of human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs). RNA sequencing was employed to identify a key downstream target gene regulated by CBLL1. We found that CBLL1 was upregulated in the decidua of RSA patients. Additionally, overexpression of CBLL1 promoted HESC senescence, increased oxidative stress levels, and inhibited proliferation. Phosphatase and tensin homolog located on chromosome 10 (PTEN) was identified as one of the important downstream target genes of CBLL1. In vivo experiments demonstrated that CBLL1 overexpression in the endometrium caused higher embryo absorption rate in mice. Consequently, elevated CBLL1 expression is a potential cause of RSA, representing a novel therapeutic target for RSA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueqing Liu
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Birth Defects and Rare Diseases, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaowei Wei
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Birth Defects and Rare Diseases, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayi Wu
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Birth Defects and Rare Diseases, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yichi Xu
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Birth Defects and Rare Diseases, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianing Hu
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Birth Defects and Rare Diseases, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuanmei Qin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Sixth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cailian Chen
- Department of Automation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing, Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Sixth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang J, Li C, Zhang Y, Wu J, Huang Z. Therapeutic potential of nitric oxide in vascular aging due to the promotion of angiogenesis. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 102:395-407. [PMID: 37062588 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
The decrease in angiogenesis that occurs with aging significantly contributes to the higher incidence and mortality of cardiovascular diseases among the elderly. This decline in angiogenesis becomes more pronounced with increasing age and is closely linked to abnormal function and senescence of endothelial cells. Enhancing angiogenesis in aging and targeting senescent endothelial cells have gained considerable attention. Nitric oxide (NO) has been thoroughly investigated for its function in regulating angiogenesis and is an important factor that can counteract endothelial cell senescence. This review summarizes the mechanisms of reduced angiogenesis during aging and therapeutic strategies targeting senescent cells. We also discuss the potential of combining the current approaches with NO in promoting angiogenesis in aging vessels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cunrui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yihua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianbing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhangjian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bickel MA, Csik B, Gulej R, Ungvari A, Nyul-Toth A, Conley SM. Cell non-autonomous regulation of cerebrovascular aging processes by the somatotropic axis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1087053. [PMID: 36755922 PMCID: PMC9900125 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1087053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related cerebrovascular pathologies, ranging from cerebromicrovascular functional and structural alterations to large vessel atherosclerosis, promote the genesis of vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) and exacerbate Alzheimer's disease. Recent advances in geroscience, including results from studies on heterochronic parabiosis models, reinforce the hypothesis that cell non-autonomous mechanisms play a key role in regulating cerebrovascular aging processes. Growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) exert multifaceted vasoprotective effects and production of both hormones is significantly reduced in aging. This brief overview focuses on the role of age-related GH/IGF-1 deficiency in the development of cerebrovascular pathologies and VCID. It explores the mechanistic links among alterations in the somatotropic axis, specific macrovascular and microvascular pathologies (including capillary rarefaction, microhemorrhages, impaired endothelial regulation of cerebral blood flow, disruption of the blood brain barrier, decreased neurovascular coupling, and atherogenesis) and cognitive impairment. Improved understanding of cell non-autonomous mechanisms of vascular aging is crucial to identify targets for intervention to promote cerebrovascular and brain health in older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marisa A. Bickel
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Boglarka Csik
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Rafal Gulej
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Anna Ungvari
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Adam Nyul-Toth
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Lorand Research Network (ELKH), Szeged, Hungary
| | - Shannon M. Conley
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Finger CE, Moreno-Gonzalez I, Gutierrez A, Moruno-Manchon JF, McCullough LD. Age-related immune alterations and cerebrovascular inflammation. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:803-818. [PMID: 34711943 PMCID: PMC9046462 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-021-01361-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with chronic systemic inflammation, which contributes to the development of many age-related diseases, including vascular disease. The world's population is aging, leading to an increasing prevalence of both stroke and vascular dementia. The inflammatory response to ischemic stroke is critical to both stroke pathophysiology and recovery. Age is a predictor of poor outcomes after stroke. The immune response to stroke is altered in aged individuals, which contributes to the disparate outcomes between young and aged patients. In this review, we describe the current knowledge of the effects of aging on the immune system and the cerebral vasculature and how these changes alter the immune response to stroke and vascular dementia in animal and human studies. Potential implications of these age-related immune alterations on chronic inflammation in vascular disease outcome are highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carson E. Finger
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, UTHealth Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX USA
| | - Ines Moreno-Gonzalez
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, UTHealth Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX USA ,grid.10215.370000 0001 2298 7828Department of Cell Biology, Genetics and Physiology, Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga-IBIMA, Faculty of Sciences, Malaga University, Malaga, Spain ,grid.418264.d0000 0004 1762 4012Biomedical Research Networking Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Malaga, Spain
| | - Antonia Gutierrez
- grid.10215.370000 0001 2298 7828Department of Cell Biology, Genetics and Physiology, Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga-IBIMA, Faculty of Sciences, Malaga University, Malaga, Spain ,grid.418264.d0000 0004 1762 4012Biomedical Research Networking Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Malaga, Spain
| | - Jose Felix Moruno-Manchon
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, UTHealth Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX USA
| | - Louise D. McCullough
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, UTHealth Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Toya T, Ahmad A, Attia Z, Cohen-Shelly M, Ozcan I, Noseworthy PA, Lopez-Jimenez F, Kapa S, Lerman LO, Friedman PA, Lerman A. Vascular Aging Detected by Peripheral Endothelial Dysfunction Is Associated With ECG-Derived Physiological Aging. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e018656. [PMID: 33455414 PMCID: PMC7955452 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.018656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background An artificial intelligence algorithm that detects age using the 12-lead ECG has been suggested to signal "physiologic age." This study aimed to investigate the association of peripheral microvascular endothelial function (PMEF) as an index of vascular aging, with accelerated physiologic aging gauged by ECG-derived artificial intelligence-estimated age. Methods and Results This study included 531 patients who underwent ECG and a noninvasive PMEF assessment using reactive hyperemia peripheral arterial tonometry. Abnormal PMEF was defined as reactive hyperemia peripheral arterial tonometry index ≤2.0. Accelerated or delayed physiologic aging was calculated by the Δ age (ECG-derived artificial intelligence-estimated age minus chronological age), and the association between Δ age and PMEF as well as its impact on composite major adverse cardiovascular events were investigated. Δ age was higher in patients with abnormal PMEF than in patients with normal PMEF (2.3±7.8 versus 0.5±7.7 years; P=0.01). Reactive hyperemia peripheral arterial tonometry index was negatively associated with Δ age after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors (standardized β coefficient, -0.08; P=0.048). The highest quartile of Δ age was associated with an increased risk of major adverse cardiovascular events compared with the first quartile of Δ age in patients with abnormal PMEF, even after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors (hazard ratio, 4.72; 95% CI, 1.24-17.91; P=0.02). Conclusions Vascular aging detected by endothelial function is associated with accelerated physiologic aging, as assessed by the artificial intelligence-ECG Δ age. Patients with endothelial dysfunction and the highest quartile of accelerated physiologic aging have a marked increase in risk for cardiovascular events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Toya
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester MN.,Division of Cardiology National Defense Medical College Tokorozawa Saitama Japan
| | | | - Zachi Attia
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester MN
| | | | - Ilke Ozcan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester MN
| | | | | | - Suraj Kapa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester MN
| | - Lilach O Lerman
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Mayo Clinic Rochester MN
| | - Paul A Friedman
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester MN
| | - Amir Lerman
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester MN
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
El-Horany HES, Gaballah HH, Helal DS. Berberine ameliorates renal injury in a rat model of D-galactose-induced aging through a PTEN/Akt-dependent mechanism. Arch Physiol Biochem 2020; 126:157-165. [PMID: 30145915 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2018.1499117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of berberine (BBR) against D-galactose (D-gal)-induced renal aging in rats, pointing to its ability to modulate phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN)/Akt signalling, and to attenuate oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. Renal aging was induced by subcutaneous injection of D-gal for six consecutive weeks along with simultaneous oral administration of BBR and compared to control rats and rats received individual doses of either drug. BBR treatment significantly reduced the serum levels of urea and creatinine, retrieved the alterations in kidney histopathology, and restored redox balance evidenced by alleviations of the level of malondialdehyde, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and activating heme oxygenase-1 enzyme. Moreover, it markedly reduced the serum levels of pro-inflammatory mediators, along with down-regulation of PTEN expression, enhanced Akt activity, as well as significantly higher immunostaining of the anti-apoptotic marker (Bcl-2). These findings hold a great promise for the use of BBR as a protecting agent against renal aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Duaa Samir Helal
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histopathology,Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
Ageing is the main risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases. A central mechanism by which ageing promotes vascular pathologies is compromising endothelial health. The age-related attenuation of endothelium-dependent dilator responses (endothelial dysfunction) associated with impairment of angiogenic processes and the subsequent pathological remodelling of the microcirculation contribute to compromised tissue perfusion and exacerbate functional decline in older individuals. This Review focuses on cellular, molecular, and functional changes that occur in the endothelium during ageing. We explore the links between oxidative and nitrative stress and the conserved molecular pathways affecting endothelial dysfunction and impaired angiogenesis during ageing. We also speculate on how these pathological processes could be therapeutically targeted. An improved understanding of endothelial biology in older patients is crucial for all cardiologists because maintenance of a competently functioning endothelium is critical for adequate tissue perfusion and long-term cardiac health.
Collapse
|
8
|
Lan Y, Li YJ, Li DJ, Li P, Wang JY, Diao YP, Ye GD, Li YF. Long noncoding RNA MEG3 prevents vascular endothelial cell senescence by impairing miR-128-dependent Girdin downregulation. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2018; 316:C830-C843. [PMID: 30576236 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00262.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are commonly associated with various biological functions, in which the function of lncRNA maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) has been identified in various cancers. Strikingly, an association between MEG3 with microRNAs (miRNAs), mRNAs, and proteins has been reported. This study investigates the role of MEG3 in vascular endothelial cell (VEC) senescence. Expression of Girdin and miR-128 was monitored in the blood vessel samples of young and old mice/healthy volunteers, along with the measurement of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The relationship between MEG3/Girdin and miR-128 was determined and verified. Loss- and gain-of-function approaches were applied to analyze the regulatory effects of MEG3 on platelet phagocytosis and lipoprotein oxidation of HUVEC membrane. In addition, the effect of MEG3 on HUVEC senescence was evaluated by detection of the reactive oxygen species, telomerase activity, and telomere length. To further analyze the MEG3-mediated regulatory mechanism, miR-128 upregulation and inhibition were introduced into the HUVECs. Downregulated Girdin and upregulated miR-128 were found in the blood vessels of old individuals and old mice, as well as in senescent HUVECs. MEG3 downregulation was found to be capable of inhibiting Girdin but enhancing miR-128 expression. It was also indicated to inhibit platelet phagocytosis and reduce telomerase activity and telomere length, while enhancing lipoprotein oxidation and reactive oxygen species production, which ultimately contributed in preventing and protecting HUEVCs from senescence. These findings provide evidence supporting that MEG3 leads to miR-128 downregulation and Girdin upregulation, which promotes platelet phagocytosis, thus protecting VECs from senescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Lan
- National Center of Gerontology, Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Hospital , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Jun Li
- National Center of Gerontology, Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Hospital , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Da-Jun Li
- National Center of Gerontology, Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Hospital , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Li
- National Center of Gerontology, Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Hospital , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Yang Wang
- National Center of Gerontology, Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Hospital , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Peng Diao
- National Center of Gerontology, Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Hospital , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Dong Ye
- National Center of Gerontology, Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Hospital , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Yang-Fang Li
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Grammatikakis I, Panda AC, Abdelmohsen K, Gorospe M. Long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs) and the molecular hallmarks of aging. Aging (Albany NY) 2015; 6:992-1009. [PMID: 25543668 PMCID: PMC4298369 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
During aging, progressive deleterious changes increase the risk of disease and death. Prominent molecular hallmarks of aging are genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, and altered intercellular communication. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in a wide range of biological processes, including age-related diseases like cancer, cardiovascular pathologies, and neurodegenerative disorders. Evidence is emerging that lncRNAs influence the molecular processes that underlie age-associated phenotypes. Here, we review our current understanding of lncRNAs that control the development of aging traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Grammatikakis
- Laboratory of Genetics, National Institute on Aging-Intramural Research Program, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Amaresh C Panda
- Laboratory of Genetics, National Institute on Aging-Intramural Research Program, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Kotb Abdelmohsen
- Laboratory of Genetics, National Institute on Aging-Intramural Research Program, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Myriam Gorospe
- Laboratory of Genetics, National Institute on Aging-Intramural Research Program, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Csiszar A, Gautam T, Sosnowska D, Tarantini S, Banki E, Tucsek Z, Toth P, Losonczy G, Koller A, Reglodi D, Giles CB, Wren JD, Sonntag WE, Ungvari Z. Caloric restriction confers persistent anti-oxidative, pro-angiogenic, and anti-inflammatory effects and promotes anti-aging miRNA expression profile in cerebromicrovascular endothelial cells of aged rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2014; 307:H292-306. [PMID: 24906921 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00307.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In rodents, moderate caloric restriction (CR) without malnutrition exerts significant cerebrovascular protective effects, improving cortical microvascular density and endothelium-dependent vasodilation, but the underlying cellular mechanisms remain elusive. To elucidate the persisting effects of CR on cerebromicrovascular endothelial cells (CMVECs), primary CMVECs were isolated from young (3 mo old) and aged (24 mo old) ad libitum-fed and aged CR F344xBN rats. We found an age-related increase in cellular and mitochondrial oxidative stress, which is prevented by CR. Expression and transcriptional activity of Nrf2 are both significantly reduced in aged CMVECs, whereas CR prevents age-related Nrf2 dysfunction. Expression of miR-144 was upregulated in aged CMVECs, and overexpression of miR-144 significantly decreased expression of Nrf2 in cells derived from both young animals and aged CR rats. Overexpression of a miR-144 antagomir in aged CMVECs significantly decreases expression of miR-144 and upregulates Nrf2. We found that CR prevents age-related impairment of angiogenic processes, including cell proliferation, adhesion to collagen, and formation of capillary-like structures and inhibits apoptosis in CMVECs. CR also exerts significant anti-inflammatory effects, preventing age-related increases in the transcriptional activity of NF-κB and age-associated pro-inflammatory shift in the endothelial secretome. Characterization of CR-induced changes in miRNA expression suggests that they likely affect several critical functions in endothelial cell homeostasis. The predicted regulatory effects of CR-related differentially expressed miRNAs in aged CMVECs are consistent with the anti-aging endothelial effects of CR observed in vivo. Collectively, we find that CR confers persisting anti-oxidative, pro-angiogenic, and anti-inflammatory cellular effects, preserving a youthful phenotype in rat cerebromicrovascular endothelial cells, suggesting that through these effects CR may improve cerebrovascular function and prevent vascular cognitive impairment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Csiszar
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; The Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Pathophysiology and Gerontology, Medical School and Szentagothai Research Center University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary;
| | - Tripti Gautam
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Danuta Sosnowska
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Stefano Tarantini
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Eszter Banki
- Department of Anatomy, MTA-PTE Lendulet Research Group, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Tucsek
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Peter Toth
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Gyorgy Losonczy
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Akos Koller
- Department of Pathophysiology and Gerontology, Medical School and Szentagothai Research Center University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Dora Reglodi
- Department of Anatomy, MTA-PTE Lendulet Research Group, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Cory B Giles
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Jonathan D Wren
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - William E Sonntag
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; The Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Zoltan Ungvari
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; The Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Pathophysiology and Gerontology, Medical School and Szentagothai Research Center University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang L, Zhou M, Qin G, Weintraub NL, Tang Y. MiR-92a regulates viability and angiogenesis of endothelial cells under oxidative stress. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 446:952-8. [PMID: 24650666 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress contributes to endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction, which is prevalent in ageing and atherosclerosis. MicroRNAs (miRs) are small, non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression and play a key role in fine-tuning EC functional responses, including apoptosis and angiogenesis. MiR-92a is highly expressed in young endothelial cells in comparison with senescent endothelial cells, which exhibit increased oxidative stress and apoptosis. However, the impact of miR-92a treatment on EC viability and angiogenesis under oxidative stress is unknown. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was used to induce oxidative stress in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Pre-miR-92a treatment decreased H2O2-induced apoptosis of HUVEC as determined by TUNEL assay. Pre-miR-92a treatment enhanced capillary tube formation by HUVEC under oxidative stress, which was blocked by LY294002, an inhibitor of Akt phosphorylation. Interestingly, we also observed that inhibition of miR-92a by anti-miR-92a antisense can also enhance angiogenesis in HUVEC with and without oxidative stress exposure. Our results show that perturbation of miR-92a levels outside of its narrow "homeostatic" range may trigger endothelial cell angiogenesis, suggesting that the role of miR-92a in regulating angiogenesis is controversial and may vary depending on the experimental model and method of regulating miR-92a.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Vascular Biology Center, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia/Georgia Regents University, 1459 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Mi Zhou
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Gangjian Qin
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine-Cardiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Neal L Weintraub
- Vascular Biology Center, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia/Georgia Regents University, 1459 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Yaoliang Tang
- Vascular Biology Center, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia/Georgia Regents University, 1459 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ying WZ, Aaron KJ, Sanders PW. Transforming growth factor-β regulates endothelial function during high salt intake in rats. Hypertension 2013; 62:951-6. [PMID: 24041947 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.113.01835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that an increase in dietary NaCl (salt) intake stimulated endothelial cells to produce transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). The intent of the present study was to determine the functional significance of increased TGF-β on endothelial cell function. Young Sprague-Dawley rats were fed diets containing 0.3 or 8.0% NaCl for 2 days before treatment with a specific inhibitor of the TGF-β receptor I/activin receptor-like kinase 5 kinase, or vehicle for another 2 days. At day 4 of study, endothelial phosphorylated Smad2 (S465/467) increased and phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) levels decreased in the high-salt-treated rats. In addition, phosphorylated Akt (S473) and phosphorylation of the endothelial isoform of NO synthase (NOS3) at S1177 increased. Treatment with the TGF-β receptor I/activin receptor-like kinase 5 inhibitor reduced Smad2 phosphorylation to levels observed in rats on the low-salt diet and prevented the downstream signaling events induced by the high-salt diet. In human umbilical vein endothelial cells, reduction in PTEN levels increased phosphorylated Akt and NOS3. Treatment of macrovascular endothelial cells with TGF-β1 increased phosphorylated NOS3 and the concentration of NO metabolites in the medium but had no effect on either of these variables in cells pretreated with small interfering RNA directed against PTEN. Thus, during high salt intake, an increase in TGF-β directly promoted a reduction in endothelial PTEN levels, which in turn regulated Akt activation and NOS3 phosphorylation. This effect closes a feedback loop that potentially mitigates the effect of TGF-β on the vasculature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Zhong Ying
- Division of Nephrology/Department of Medicine, 642 Lyons-Harrison Research Bldg, 1530 Third Ave, South, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-0007.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ungvari Z, Tucsek Z, Sosnowska D, Toth P, Gautam T, Podlutsky A, Csiszar A, Losonczy G, Valcarcel-Ares MN, Sonntag WE, Csiszar A. Aging-induced dysregulation of dicer1-dependent microRNA expression impairs angiogenic capacity of rat cerebromicrovascular endothelial cells. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2012; 68:877-91. [PMID: 23239824 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gls242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related impairment of angiogenesis is likely to play a central role in cerebromicrovascular rarefaction and development of vascular cognitive impairment, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. To test the hypothesis that dysregulation of Dicer1 (ribonuclease III, a key enzyme of the microRNA [miRNA] machinery) impairs endothelial angiogenic capacity in aging, primary cerebromicrovascular endothelial cells (CMVECs) were isolated from young (3 months old) and aged (24 months old) Fischer 344 × Brown Norway rats. We found an age-related downregulation of Dicer1 expression both in CMVECs and in small cerebral vessels isolated from aged rats. In aged CMVECs, Dicer1 expression was increased by treatment with polyethylene glycol-catalase. Compared with young cells, aged CMVECs exhibited altered miRNA expression profile, which was associated with impaired proliferation, adhesion to vitronectin, collagen and fibronectin, cellular migration (measured by a wound-healing assay using electric cell-substrate impedance sensing technology), and impaired ability to form capillary-like structures. Overexpression of Dicer1 in aged CMVECs partially restored miRNA expression profile and significantly improved angiogenic processes. In young CMVECs, downregulation of Dicer1 (siRNA) resulted in altered miRNA expression profile associated with impaired proliferation, adhesion, migration, and tube formation, mimicking the aging phenotype. Collectively, we found that Dicer1 is essential for normal endothelial angiogenic processes, suggesting that age-related dysregulation of Dicer1-dependent miRNA expression may be a potential mechanism underlying impaired angiogenesis and cerebromicrovascular rarefaction in aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zoltan Ungvari
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma HSC, 975 N. E. 10th Street - BRC 1303, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ying WZ, Aaron KJ, Sanders PW. Effect of aging and dietary salt and potassium intake on endothelial PTEN (Phosphatase and tensin homolog on chromosome 10) function. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48715. [PMID: 23144940 PMCID: PMC3492426 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2012] [Accepted: 09/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging promotes endothelial dysfunction, defined as a reduction in bioavailable nitric oxide (NO) produced by the endothelial isoform of nitric oxide synthase (NOS3). This enzyme is critically regulated by phosphorylation by protein kinase B (Akt), which in turn is regulated by the lipid phosphatase, PTEN. The present series of studies demonstrated a reduction in bioavailable NO as the age of rats increased from 1 to 12 months. At 12 months of age, rats no longer demonstrated increases in phosphorylated NOS3 in response to high dietary salt intake. Endothelial cell levels of PTEN increased with age and became refractory to change with increased salt intake. In contrast to the reduction in NO production, endothelial cell production of transforming growth factor-ß (TGF-ß) relative to NO increased progressively with age. In macrovascular endothelial cells, PTEN was regulated in a dose-dependent fashion by TGF-ß, which was further regulated by extracellular [KCl]. When combined with prior studies, the present series of experiments suggested an integral role for PTEN in endothelial cell pathobiology of aging and an important mitigating function of TGF-ß in endothelial PTEN regulation. The findings further supported a role for diet in affecting vascular function through the production of TGF-ß and NO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Zhong Ying
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Nephrology Research and Training Center, Center for Free Radical Biology, Center for Aging, and Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Kristal J. Aaron
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Nephrology Research and Training Center, Center for Free Radical Biology, Center for Aging, and Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Paul W. Sanders
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Nephrology Research and Training Center, Center for Free Radical Biology, Center for Aging, and Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Csiszar A, Sosnowska D, Tucsek Z, Gautam T, Toth P, Losonczy G, Colman RJ, Weindruch R, Anderson RM, Sonntag WE, Ungvari Z. Circulating factors induced by caloric restriction in the nonhuman primate Macaca mulatta activate angiogenic processes in endothelial cells. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2012; 68:235-49. [PMID: 22904098 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gls158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Moderate caloric restriction (CR) without malnutrition increases healthspan in virtually every species studied, including nonhuman primates. In mice, CR exerts significant microvascular protective effects resulting in increased microvascular density in the heart and the brain, which likely contribute to enhanced tolerance to ischemia and improved cardiac performance and cognitive function. Yet, the underlying mechanisms by which CR confer microvascular protection remain elusive. To test the hypothesis that circulating factors triggered by CR regulate endothelial angiogenic capacity, we treated cultured human endothelial cells with sera derived from Macaca mulatta on long-term (over 10 years) CR. Cells treated with sera derived from ad-libitum-fed control monkeys served as controls. We found that factors present in CR sera upregulate vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling and stimulate angiogenic processes, including endothelial cell proliferation and formation of capillary-like structures. Treatment with CR sera also tended to increase cellular migration (measured by a wound-healing assay using electric cell-substrate impedance sensing [ECIS] technology) and adhesion to collagen. Collectively, we find that circulating factors induced by CR promote endothelial angiogenic processes, suggesting that increased angiogenesis may be a potential mechanism by which CR improves cardiac function and prevents vascular cognitive impairment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Csiszar
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma HSC, 975 N. E. 10th Street - BRC 1303, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We have highlighted the recent findings relating to gastroduodenal mucosal defense, including elements that may contribute to the failure of defense systems and factors that enhance mucosal healing, focusing on findings that elucidate new pathophysiological mechanisms. RECENT FINDINGS Bicarbonate secretion is mediated by multiple types of prostaglandin E synthases, including membrane-bound prostaglandin E synthase-1. Mucins, growth factors, and trefoil factors are involved in accelerating gastric injury healing through epithelial reconstruction. A combination of NSAIDs and bile induce greater damage on the mucosa than if the two agents were acting alone. Proton pump inhibitors defend the mucosa from injury by promoting cellular restitution as well as inhibiting gastric acid secretion and reactive oxygen species (ROS) damage. Roxatidine, a novel H2 receptor antagonist, acts through a mechanism that involves nitric oxide. Melatonin enhances angiogenesis through the upregulation of plasma levels of gastrin and matrix metalloproteinase expression. The mucosal protective drug polaprezinc exhibits ROS-quenching activities. Lipopolysaccharides induce oxidative stress mediated by p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK). Aging weakens gastroduodenal mucosal defense mechanisms. SUMMARY There is a wide array of pathways leading to gastroduodenal mucosal injury in addition to protective defense mechanisms that counteract them to maintain homeostasis. Increased understanding of these systems may help identify novel molecular targets for the prevention and treatment of mucosal injury.
Collapse
|
17
|
The Role of PTEN in Tumor Angiogenesis. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2011; 2012:141236. [PMID: 21904550 PMCID: PMC3167192 DOI: 10.1155/2012/141236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2011] [Accepted: 07/01/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
During the past 20 years, the phosphatase and tensin homolog PTEN has been shown to be involved in major physiological processes, and its mutation or loss is often associated with tumor formation. In addition PTEN regulates angiogenesis not only through its antagonizing effect on the PI3 kinase pathway mainly, but also through some phosphatase-independent functions. In this paper we delineate the role of this powerful tumor suppressor in tumor angiogenesis and dissect the underlying molecular mechanisms. Furthermore, it appears that, in a number of cancers, the PTEN status determines the response to chemotherapy, highlighting the need to monitor PTEN expression and to develop PTEN-targeted therapies.
Collapse
|
18
|
Kang JM, Kim N, Kim JH, Oh E, Lee BY, Lee BH, Shin CM, Park JH, Lee MK, Nam RH, Lee HE, Lee HS, Kim JS, Jung HC, Song IS. Effect of aging on gastric mucosal defense mechanisms: ROS, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and sensory neurons. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2010; 299:G1147-53. [PMID: 20724528 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00218.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Aging changes in the stomach lead to a decreased capacity for tissue repair in response to gastric acid. The aim of this study was to determine the mechanism associated with the increased susceptibility to injury of aging mucosa including reactive oxygen species (5), apoptosis, angiogenesis, and sensory neuron activity. Fischer 344 rats at four different ages (6, 31, 74 wk, and 2 yr of age) were studied. The connective tissue indicators [salt-soluble collagen and sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG)], lipid hydroperoxide (LPO), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and hexosamine were assessed. We also evaluated the expression of early growth response-1 (Egr-1), phosphatase and tension homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN), caspase-9 (index of apoptosis), VEGF (index of angiogenesis), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP, index of sensory neurons), and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). The histological connective tissue area in the lower part of rat gastric mucosa increased with aging, with increase of salt-soluble collagen and sGAG. LPO and MPO in old rats were significantly greater than in the young rats, whereas hexosamine was significantly reduced. The old gastric mucosa had increased expression of Egr-1, PTEN, and caspase-9, whereas the VEGF, CGRP, and nNOS expression were significantly reduced. These results indicate that the lower part of rat gastric mucosa was found to be replaced by connective tissue with accumulation of oxidative products with aging. In addition, impairment of apoptosis, angiogenesis, and sensory neuron activity via the activation of Egr-1 and PTEN might increase the susceptibility of gastric mucosa to injury during aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung Mook Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Feng YH, Tsao CJ, Wu CL, Chang JG, Lu PJ, Yeh KT, Shieh GS, Shiau AL, Lee JC. Sprouty2 protein enhances the response to gefitinib through epidermal growth factor receptor in colon cancer cells. Cancer Sci 2010; 101:2033-8. [PMID: 20624167 PMCID: PMC11159513 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2010.01637.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Sprouty2 (Spry2) is known to increase the expression of epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) by conjugating with c-Casitas B-lineage lymphoma (C-Cbl) to decrease protein degradation. The effect of Spry2 on the treatment of gefitinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor of EGFR, with regards to colon cancer is still unclear. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of gefitinib in six colon cancer cell lines were assessed. HCT116 and C2BBel cells expressed lower levels of Spry2 protein and were less sensitive to gefitinib, whereas HT29 cells that expressed high levels of Spry2 protein were more sensitive to gefitinib. The sensitivity to gefitinib was increased after overexpression of Spry2 in HCT116 cells, whereas it was decreased after Spry2 knockdown in HT29 cells. The levels of both phosphorylated and total EGFR were increased when HCT116 cells ectopically overexpressed Spry2, with concomitant increase in phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) expression. Inhibition of EGFR by cetuximab reduced sensitivity to gefitinib in HCT116 cells overexpressing Spry2. However, knockdown of PTEN or K-ras failed to diminish the effect of Spry2 on gefitinib sensitivity. Of note, Spry2 enhanced the antitumor effect of gefitinib in a xenograft model of HCT116 tumors, which harbored K-ras codon 13 mutation. In conclusion, Spry2 can enhance the response of colon cancer cells to gefitinib by increasing the expression of phosphorylated and total EGFR. These results suggest that Spry2 may be a potential biomarker in predicting the response to anti-EGFR treatment in colon cancer and that it is necessary to conduct clinical studies to incorporate Spry2 into the network of cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Hsun Feng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|