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Hsu HT, Lin YM, Hsing MT, Yeh KT, Lu JW, Yang SF. Correlation Between Low Cytoplasmic Expression of XBP1 and the Likelihood of Surviving Hepatocellular Carcinoma. In Vivo 2024; 38:1316-1324. [PMID: 38688649 PMCID: PMC11059868 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.13571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Our objectives in this study were to (i) evaluate the clinical significance of X-box-binding protein 1 (XBP1) expression in cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and (ii) assess the potential of XBP1 to be used as a prognostic biomarker. PATIENTS AND METHODS The expression of XBP1 protein in 267 HCC tissue specimens was measured using immunohistochemistry in order to characterize the associations among XBP1 expression, clinicopathological factors and survival outcomes. Survival analysis using follow-up data was used to assess the prognostic value of XBP1 in cases of HCC. Immunohistochemistry revealed a significant decrease in cytoplasmic XBP1 protein expression in HCC tumor tissue. RESULTS Immunoreactivity results showed that low cytoplasmic XBP1 expression was significantly associated with vascular invasion, as well as poor 5-year overall survival and long-term disease-specific (DSS) and disease-free (DFS) survival rates. Kaplan-Meier survival curves further confirmed a significant association between low cytoplasmic XBP1 protein expression and poor DSS and DFS. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that XBP1 expression, tumor differentiation, vascular invasion, tumor stage, and the rate of recurrence were linked to DSS, while low cytoplasmic XBP1 expression remained an independent predictor of poor DSS. Our analysis also revealed that XBP1 expression, tumor differentiation, vascular invasion, and T classification were linked to DFS, while low cytoplasmic XBP1 expression remained an independent predictor of poor DFS. CONCLUSION Low cytoplasmic XBP1 protein expression may play an important role in the pathogenesis of HCC, which suggests that XBP1 could potentially be targeted to benefit therapeutic strategies for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ting Hsu
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Pathology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, R.O.C
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ming-Tai Hsing
- Department of Neurosurgery, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, R.O.C
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jeng-Wei Lu
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark;
- The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet/National University Hospital, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.;
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
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2
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Khoo SH, Wu PR, Yeh KT, Hsu SL, Wu CH. Biological and clinical significance of the AGE-RAGE axis in the aggressiveness and prognosis of prostate cancer. J Food Drug Anal 2023; 31:664-682. [PMID: 38526823 PMCID: PMC10962675 DOI: 10.38212/2224-6614.3475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Dietary factors and chronic hyperglycemia are linked to the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and prostate cancer (PCa) risk. The activation of the receptor for AGEs (RAGE) acts as a bridge between various RAGE ligands and certain malignancies. This study showed that the interaction of AGEs and RAGE promoted PCa cell proliferation, invasion, and autophagy-mediated survival in response to chemotherapeutic agents. RAGE-overexpressed PCa cells underwent epithelial-mesenchymal transition and showed increased cancer stem cell-like properties. In mouse xenograft models, RAGE-overexpressed cells showed more substantial tumorigenic capacity than parental cells, whereas RAGE knockdown decreased tumorigenicity. The clinical data validated a positive correlation between high AGE and RAGE expressions with poor clinical outcomes. Our findings suggest that the AGE-RAGE axis facilitates PCa progression and aggressiveness. Prostatic AGEs and RAGE expression levels are associated with PCa prognosis. Adherence to a reduced-AGE diet and targeting RAGE are potential approaches to complement and synergize with the current PCa therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Hong Khoo
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301,
Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ru Wu
- Department of Pathology, Cheng-Ching General Hospital, Taichung 40764,
Taiwan
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006,
Taiwan
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006,
Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201,
Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227,
Taiwan
| | - Shih-Lan Hsu
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705,
Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hao Wu
- Graduate Program of Nutrition Science, School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677,
Taiwan
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3
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Tai CJ, Su TC, Jiang MC, Chen HC, Shen SC, Lee WR, Liao CF, Chen YC, Lin SH, Li LT, Shen KH, Yeh CM, Yeh KT, Lee CH, Shih HY, Chang CC. Correction: Correlations between cytoplasmic CSE1L in neoplastic colorectal glands and depth of tumor penetration and cancer stage. J Transl Med 2023; 21:315. [PMID: 37161439 PMCID: PMC10169349 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04148-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Jeng Tai
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, No. 250, Wu-Hsing St., Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, No. 250, Wu-Hsing St., Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Cheng Su
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, 135 Nan-Hsiao St., Changhua, 50006, Taiwan
- Nursing and Management, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, No. 79-9, Shalunhu, Houlong Township, Miaoli, 35664, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chung Jiang
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, No. 250, Wu-Hsing St., Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chang Chen
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, No. 135 Nan-Hsiao St., Changhua, 50006, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Chuan Shen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, No. 252, Wu-Hsing St., Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Woan-Ruoh Lee
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, No. 252, Wu-Hsing St., Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Fong Liao
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, No. 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chun Chen
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, No. 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hui Lin
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, 135 Nan-Hsiao St., Changhua, 50006, Taiwan
- Nursing and Management, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, No. 79-9, Shalunhu, Houlong Township, Miaoli, 35664, Taiwan
| | - Li-Tzu Li
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, No. 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Hung Shen
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, 135 Nan-Hsiao St., Changhua, 50006, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Min Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, 135 Nan-Hsiao St., Changhua, 50006, Taiwan
- Nursing and Management, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, No. 79-9, Shalunhu, Houlong Township, Miaoli, 35664, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, 135 Nan-Hsiao St., Changhua, 50006, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec.1, Jianguo N.Rd., Taichung, 40201, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hsiao Lee
- Nursing and Management, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, No. 79-9, Shalunhu, Houlong Township, Miaoli, 35664, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Shih
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, No. 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chao Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, No. 250, Wu-Hsing St., Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, No. 250, Wu-Hsing St., Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
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Guthula LS, Yeh KT, Huang WL, Chen CH, Chen YL, Huang CJ, Chau LK, Chan MWY, Lin SH. Quantitative and amplification-free detection of SOCS-1 CpG methylation percentage analyses in gastric cancer by fiber optic nanoplasmonic biosensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 214:114540. [PMID: 35834975 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
A new innovative approach is essential for early and effective diagnosis of gastric cancer, using promoter hypermethylation of the tumor suppressor, SOCS-1, that is frequently inactivated in human cancers. We have developed an amplification-free fiber optic nanoplasmonic biosensor for detecting DNA methylation of the SOCS-1 human genome. The method is based on the fiber optic nanogold-linked sorbent assay of PCR-free DNA from human gastric tumor tissue and cell lines. We designed a specific DNA probe fabricated on the fiber core surface while the other probe is bioconjugated with gold nanoparticles in free form to allow percentage determination and differentiating the methylated and unmethylated cell lines, further demonstrating the SOCS-1 methylation occurs in cancer patients but not in normal cell lines. The observed detection limit is 0.81 fM for methylated DNA, and the detection time is within 15 min. In addition, our data were significantly correlated to the data obtained from PCR-based pyrosequencing, and yet with superior accuracy. Hence our results provide new insight to the quantitative evaluation of methylation status of the human genome and can act as an alternative to PCR with a great potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; College of Medicine, National Chung Hsiung University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Long Huang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsien Chen
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ling Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan; School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Nano Bio-Detection, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jen Huang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, NCU-Covestro Research Center, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Lai-Kwan Chau
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan; Center for Nano Bio-Detection, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan; Center for Innovative Research on Aging Society (CIRAS), National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan.
| | - Michael W Y Chan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan; Center for Nano Bio-Detection, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan; Center for Innovative Research on Aging Society (CIRAS), National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan; Epigenomics and Human Disease Research Center, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan.
| | - Shu-Hui Lin
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Lin YM, Yeh KT, Yeh CM, Soon MS, Hsu LS. KLF10 Functions as an Independent Prognosis Factor for Gastric Cancer. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58060711. [PMID: 35743973 PMCID: PMC9228861 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58060711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Krűppel-like factor 10 (KLF10) participates in the tumorigenesis of several human cancers by binding to the GC-rich region within the promoter regions of specific genes. KLF10 is downregulated in human cancers. However, the role of KLF10 in gastric cancer formation remains unclear. Materials and Methods: In this study, we performed immunohistochemical staining for KLF10 expression in 121 gastric cancer sections. Results: The loss of KLF10 expression was correlated with advanced stages and T status. Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed that patients with higher KLF10 levels had longer overall survival than those with lower KLF10 levels. Univariate analysis revealed that in patients with gastric cancer, advanced stages and low KLF10 levels were associated with survival. Multivariate analysis indicated that age, gender, advanced stages, and KLF10 expression were independent prognostic factors of the survival of patients with gastric cancer. After adjusting for age, gender, and stage, KLF10 expression was also found to be an independent prognostic factor in the survival of patients with gastric cancer. Conclusion: Our results collectively suggested that KLF10 may play a critical role in gastric cancer formation and is an independent prognosis factor of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan; (Y.-M.L.); (K.-T.Y.); (C.-M.Y.)
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan; (Y.-M.L.); (K.-T.Y.); (C.-M.Y.)
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Min Yeh
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan; (Y.-M.L.); (K.-T.Y.); (C.-M.Y.)
| | - Maw-Soan Soon
- Department of Gastroenteology, Kuang Tien General Hospital, Taichung 433, Taiwan
- Department of Biology, Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua 500, Taiwan
- General Education Center, Chienkuo Technology University, Changhua 500, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (M.-S.S.); (L.-S.H.); Tel.: +886-4-2473-0022 (ext. 11682) (L.-S.H.)
| | - Li-Sung Hsu
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (M.-S.S.); (L.-S.H.); Tel.: +886-4-2473-0022 (ext. 11682) (L.-S.H.)
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6
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Chung CM, Kuo TM, Yeh KT, Lee CH, Ko YC. Reduction in and Preventive Effects for Oral-Cancer Risk with Antidepressant Treatment. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11070591. [PMID: 34201475 PMCID: PMC8307663 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11070591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Areca nut (AN) was identified as carcinogenic to humans. Around 600 million people globally use AN in some form, yet no effective therapeutic drug is available to overcome AN addiction. This preclinical study examines the effects of antidepressants on AN use with animal models. We produced AN powder and dissolved it into drinking water, training 55 C57BL/6 mice in free self-selection to drink AN water or normal water. Then, the mice were randomly divided into four groups. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), and tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) were given as three treatment groups and one placebo group for four weeks. In the follow-up period, the preference and amount of free selection of AN and normal water, and oral pathological change were evaluated. There was a significant decrease in preference for AN drinking during the first four weeks, and the 36th week after drug withdrawal in the MAOI and SSRI groups (all p < 0.05). The drug-reducing effect of AN water in the 1–4-week period was significant in the MAOI group (p < 0.0001) and was also significant in the 3–4-week period in the SSRI group (p = 0.03). The TCA group did not show a decrease effect. At the endpoint (60 weeks), oral mucosal fibrosis (OSF) levels and risk in the SSRI (p = 0.0081) and MAOI (p = 0.01) groups were significantly lower than those in the control group. Antidepressant drugs MAOIs and SSRIs could reduce the amount of AN use and decrease the early stage of oral fibrosis in mice, but SSRIs may need to be boosted again.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Min Chung
- Center for Drug Abuse and Addiction, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
- Environment-Omics-Diseases Research Centre, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, No. 2 Yude Road, Taichung 40447, Taiwan;
| | - Tzer-Min Kuo
- Environment-Omics-Diseases Research Centre, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, No. 2 Yude Road, Taichung 40447, Taiwan;
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan;
| | - Chien-Hung Lee
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
| | - Ying-Chin Ko
- Environment-Omics-Diseases Research Centre, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, No. 2 Yude Road, Taichung 40447, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +886-4-2205-2121 (ext. 2028)
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7
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Lu JW, Lin SH, Yeh CM, Yeh KT, Huang LR, Chen CY, Lin YM. Cytoplasmic CK1ε Protein Expression Is Correlated With Distant Metastasis and Survival in Patients With Melanoma. In Vivo 2021; 34:2905-2911. [PMID: 32871831 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Casein kinase 1 epsilon (CK1ε) is a member of the casein kinase 1 family, which includes highly conserved and ubiquitous serine/threonine protein kinases. Recent research has revealed that CK1ε plays an important role in a variety of human cancer types; however, its role in human melanoma remains unclear. The aim of this study was to elucidate the clinical role of CK1ε in patients with melanoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS Samples from 34 patients with melanoma were analyzed by immunohistochemical staining. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue microarrays were also examined by two histopathologists to assess CK1ε protein expression in humans. RESULTS Cytoplasmic CK1ε protein expression was significantly lower in tumor tissue than in normal tissue. Lack of cytoplasmic CK1ε protein was significantly correlated with distant metastasis (p=0.022) and poorer survival (p=0.030). However, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that elevated expression of cytoplasmic CK1ε protein was not significantly associated with the overall survival of patients with melanoma. Univariate and multivariate analyses demonstrated that lack of cytoplasmic CK1ε protein expression was related to distant metastasis (p<0.001 and p=0.004), showing that CK1ε was a prognostic factor. CONCLUSION CK1ε protein expression might serve as a prognostic indicator in the treatment of patients with melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeng-Wei Lu
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shu-Hui Lin
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chung-Min Yeh
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, R.O.C.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Lan-Ru Huang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chia-Yu Chen
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, R.O.C. .,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
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8
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Ho YJ, Chang J, Yeh KT, Gong Z, Lin YM, Lu JW. Prognostic and Clinical Implications of WNK Lysine Deficient Protein Kinase 1 Expression in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma. In Vivo 2021; 34:2631-2640. [PMID: 32871793 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a particularly malignant form of cancer prevalent throughout the world; however, there is a pressing need for HCC biomarkers to facilitate prognosis and risk assessment. PATIENTS AND METHODS This paper reports on the potential prognostic value of WNK lysine deficient protein kinase 1 (WNK1) in cases of HCC. We analyzed the expression of WNK1 at the mRNA level using omics data from the UALCAN database. We then verified our findings through the immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of various human cancer tissue as well as 59 HCC samples paired with corresponding normal tissues. The prognostic value of mRNA or protein expression by WNK1 was evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS Initial screening results revealed significantly higher WNK1 expression levels in HCC tissue compared to normal tissue. Verification using the paired HCC samples confirmed that the expression of WNK1 was indeed significantly higher in HCC tissue samples than in adjacent normal tissues. High WNK1 expression levels were significantly correlated with clinicopathological variables, including gender and histologic grade. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that high WNK1 expression levels were associated with poor HCC prognosis. Finally, univariate and multivariate analysis identified WNK1 as a prognostic factor for TNM stage in cases of HCC. CONCLUSION In summary, WNK1 is overexpressed at the mRNA and protein levels, and correlated with poor prognosis. Thus, WNK1 expression could potentially be used as a biomarker in HCC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jung Ho
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jungshan Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, R.O.C.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Zhiyuan Gong
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, R.O.C. .,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jeng-Wei Lu
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Tseng YS, Wu PR, Lu JW, Wang YF, Yeh KT, Lin SH. Cytoplasmic phosphorylated ERK1/2 expression in patients with melanoma is associated with tumor stage and metastasis. Biotech Histochem 2021; 97:118-125. [PMID: 33902381 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2021.1912827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the cause of most deaths from skin cancer. The extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) pathway has been reported to participate in progression of melanoma in fair skinned populations. ERK1/2 is found in both the cytoplasm and nucleus of cells, and phosphorylated ERK1/2 has been implicated in tumor progression. We investigated the relation between melanoma progression and expression of cytoplasmic and nuclear phosphorylated ERK1/2. We examined 34 surgically resected melanomas and investigated their clinicopathologic characteristics. We found immunostaining of phosphorylated ERK1/2 in all melanomas and faint staining in benign nevi. We found expression of cytoplasmic phosphorylated ERK1/2 in most melanomas; however, nuclear phosphorylated ERK1/2 expression was found in only five melanomas. Expression of cytoplasmic phosphorylated ERK1/2 was related to the tumor stage in melanoma. Nine of 10 cases of distant metastasis were positive for cytoplasmic phosphorylated ERK1/2. Our findings suggest that phosphorylated ERK1/2 expression is relevant to clinical pathology and that in melanoma patients, phosphorylated ERK1/2 expression is found in both the cytoplasm and nucleus. Our findings suggest that cytoplasmic phosphorylated ERK1/2 participates in progression of melanoma and that it could be a useful target for clinical treatment of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Shuo Tseng
- Department of Dermatology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ru Wu
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Cheng Ching Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Wei Lu
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yu-Fen Wang
- Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hui Lin
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
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10
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Tran MTMT, Yeh KT, Chuang YM, Hsu PY, Low JT, Kumari H, Lee YT, Chen YC, Huang WH, Jin H, Lin SH, Chan MWY. Methylomic analysis identifies C11orf87 as a novel epigenetic biomarker for GI cancers. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250499. [PMID: 33886682 PMCID: PMC8062079 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. Previous studies demonstrated that activation of STAT3 is crucial for the development and progression of gastric cancer. However, the role of STAT3 in neuronal related gene methylation in gastric cancer has never been explored. In this study, by using DNA methylation microarray, we identified a potential STAT3 target, C11orf87, showing promoter hypomethylation in gastric cancer patients with lower STAT3 activation and AGS gastric cancer cell lines depleted with STAT3 activation. Although C11orf87 methylation is independent of its expression, ectopic expression of a constitutive activated STAT3 mutant upregulated its expression in gastric cancer cell line. Further bisulfite pyrosequencing demonstrated a progressive increase in DNA methylation of this target in patient tissues from gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, to gastric cancer. Intriguingly, patients with higher C11orf87 methylation was associated with better survival. Furthermore, hypermethylation of C11orf87 was also frequently observed in other GI cancers, as compared to their adjacent normal tissues. These results suggested that C11orf87 methylation may serve as a biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of GI cancers, including gastric cancer. We further postulated that constitutive activation of STAT3 might be able to epigenetically silence C11orf87 as a possible negative feedback mechanism to protect the cells from the overactivation of STAT3. Targeted inhibition of STAT3 may not be appropriate in gastric cancer patients with promoter hypermethylation of C11orf87.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mita T. M. T. Tran
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, Min-Hsiung, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
- Epigenomics and Human Disease Research Center, National Chung Cheng University, Min-Hsiung, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
- Center for Innovative Research on Aging Society (CIRAS), National Chung Cheng University, Min-Hsiung, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ming Chuang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, Min-Hsiung, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
- Epigenomics and Human Disease Research Center, National Chung Cheng University, Min-Hsiung, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
- Center for Innovative Research on Aging Society (CIRAS), National Chung Cheng University, Min-Hsiung, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yen Hsu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, Min-Hsiung, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
- Epigenomics and Human Disease Research Center, National Chung Cheng University, Min-Hsiung, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
- Center for Innovative Research on Aging Society (CIRAS), National Chung Cheng University, Min-Hsiung, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
| | - Jie-Ting Low
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, Min-Hsiung, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
- Epigenomics and Human Disease Research Center, National Chung Cheng University, Min-Hsiung, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
- Center for Innovative Research on Aging Society (CIRAS), National Chung Cheng University, Min-Hsiung, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
| | - Himani Kumari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, Min-Hsiung, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
- Epigenomics and Human Disease Research Center, National Chung Cheng University, Min-Hsiung, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
- Center for Innovative Research on Aging Society (CIRAS), National Chung Cheng University, Min-Hsiung, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, Min-Hsiung, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Chen Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Hong Huang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, Min-Hsiung, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
- Epigenomics and Human Disease Research Center, National Chung Cheng University, Min-Hsiung, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
- Center for Innovative Research on Aging Society (CIRAS), National Chung Cheng University, Min-Hsiung, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
| | - Hongchuan Jin
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Key Lab of Biotherapy in Zhejiang, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shu-Hui Lin
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (SHL); (MWYC)
| | - Michael W. Y. Chan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, Min-Hsiung, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
- Epigenomics and Human Disease Research Center, National Chung Cheng University, Min-Hsiung, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
- Center for Innovative Research on Aging Society (CIRAS), National Chung Cheng University, Min-Hsiung, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (SHL); (MWYC)
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11
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Nithiyanantham S, Arumugam S, Hsu HT, Chung CM, Lee CP, Tsai MH, Yeh KT, Luo SY, Ko YC. Arecoline N-oxide initiates oral carcinogenesis and arecoline N-oxide mercapturic acid attenuates the cancer risk. Life Sci 2021; 271:119156. [PMID: 33548289 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Arecoline N-oxide (ANO), an oxidative metabolite of the areca nut, is a predictable initiator in carcinogenesis. The mechanisms of arecoline metabolites in human cancer specimens is still limited. This present study aims to estimate the oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) inductive activity between arecoline metabolites in human cancer specimens/OSCC cells. We have collected 22 pairs (tumor and non-tumor part) of patient's specimens and checked for clinical characteristics. The identification of arecoline and its metabolites levels by using LC-MS/MS. The NOD/SCID mice model was used to check the OSCC inductive activity. The tumor part of OSCC samples exhibited higher levels of arecoline and ANO. Besides, ANO treated mice accelerates the NOTCH1, IL-17a and IL-1β expressions compared to the control mice. ANO exhibited higher cytotoxicity, intracellular ROS levels and decline in antioxidant enzyme levels in OC-3 cells. The protein expression of NOTCH1 and proliferation marker levels are significantly lower in NOM treated cells. Overall, ANO induced initial stage carcinogenesis in the oral cavity via inflammation, ROS and depletion of antioxidant enzymes. Arecoline N-oxide mercapturic acid (NOM) attenuates the initiation of oral carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasan Nithiyanantham
- Environment-Omics-Disease Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sankar Arumugam
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ting Hsu
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Min Chung
- Environment-Omics-Disease Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Pin Lee
- Environment-Omics-Disease Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsui Tsai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Yuan Luo
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chin Ko
- Environment-Omics-Disease Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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12
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Lin YM, Lin CW, Lu JW, Yeh KT, Lin SH, Yang SF. Decreased Cytoplasmic Expression of ADAMTS14 Is Correlated with Reduced Survival Rates in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10020122. [PMID: 32102222 PMCID: PMC7168220 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10020122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motif 14 (ADAMTS14) is a member of the zinc-dependent protease family that is implicated in the occurrence and progression of tumors. Oral cancer (OC) is a common cancer worldwide, but it is particularly prevalent in Taiwan. However, whether the expression of ADAMTS14 is correlated with the carcinogenesis and progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has not yet been investigated. In this study, we used immunohistochemistry (IHC) to examine 250 OSCC specimens in order to identify correlations between the cytoplasmic expression of ADAMTS14 and (1) clinicopathological features of OSCC as well as (2) clinical outcomes of OSCC. Our results indicate that cytoplasmic expression of ADAMTS14 was lower in OSCC tissues than in normal tissues. In analyzing correlations between ADAMTS14 expression and clinicopathological features, we found that negative cytoplasmic expression of ADAMTS14 was significantly associated with higher frequencies of lymph node metastasis and more advanced AJCC stages (III/IV). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that negative cytoplasmic expression of ADAMTS14 was also associated with significantly worse OSCC survival. Univariate and multivariate analyses confirmed that cytoplasmic expression of ADAMTS14 was associated with lymph node metastasis, tumor stage, and tumor grade and also indicated that cytoplasmic ADAMTS14 expression may be an independent prognostic factor for OSCC. This is the first study to report that the cytoplasmic expression level of ADAMTS14 is associated with OSCC prognosis and tumor progression. Our data indicate that ADAMTS14 can serve as a prognostic marker and a potential therapeutic target for OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan; (Y.-M.L.); (K.-T.Y.)
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung 406, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Wen Lin
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan;
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Wei Lu
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore;
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan; (Y.-M.L.); (K.-T.Y.)
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hui Lin
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan; (Y.-M.L.); (K.-T.Y.)
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung 406, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-H.L.); (S.-F.Y.)
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-H.L.); (S.-F.Y.)
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13
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Lee CP, Nithiyanantham S, Hsu HT, Yeh KT, Kuo TM, Ko YC. ALPK1 regulates streptozotocin-induced nephropathy through CCL2 and CCL5 expressions. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:7699-7708. [PMID: 31557402 PMCID: PMC6815771 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
ALPK1 is associated with chronic kidney disease, gout and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Raised renal ALPK1 level in patients with diabetes was reported. Accelerated fibrotic nephropathies were observed in hyperglycaemic mice with up-regulated ALPK1. The aim of this study was to identify the mediators contributing to ALPK1 effect involving in nephropathies induction. The haematoxylin and eosin staining, Masson's trichrome and immunohistochemical analysis of ALPK1, NFkB, CCL2 and CCL5 were performed in the mice kidney. Cytokine antibody array analysis was performed in streptozotocin-treated wild-type mice (WT-STZ) and streptozotocin-treated ALPK1 transgenic mice (TG-STZ). The ALPK1 levels were measured in mice kidney and in cultured cells. We found that the higher levels of renal CCL2/MCP-1, CCL5/Rantes and G-CSF expression in TG-STZ compared with the WT-STZ. Glucose increased ALPK1 expressions in monocytic THP1 and human kidney-2 cells. The protein expression of ALPK1, NFkB and lectin was up-regulated in glucose-treated HK-2 cells. Knockdown of ALPK1 reduced CCL2 and CCL5 mRNA levels, whereas overexpressed ALPK1 increased CCL2 and CCL5 in cultured kidney cells. Taken together, these results show that high glucose increases ALPK1 and chemokine levels in the kidney. Elevated ALPK1 expression enhances renal CCL2 and CCL5 expressions in vivo and in vitro. ALPK1 is a mediator for CCL2 and CCL5 chemokine up-regulation involving in diabetic nephropathies induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Pin Lee
- Environment-Omics-Disease Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Srinivasan Nithiyanantham
- Environment-Omics-Disease Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ting Hsu
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Tzer-Min Kuo
- Environment-Omics-Disease Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chin Ko
- Environment-Omics-Disease Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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14
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Lin SH, Chen MK, Chang JH, Velmurugan BK, Annamanedi M, Su SC, Yeh KT, Yang SF. Impact of Polymorphisms in Casein Kinase 1 Epsilon and Environmental Factors in Oral Cancer Susceptibility. J Cancer 2019; 10:5065-5069. [PMID: 31602258 PMCID: PMC6775616 DOI: 10.7150/jca.34592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In Taiwan, the incidence rate of oral cancer is constantly increasing. Polymorphisms and lifestyle habits are major contributing factors to the development of oral cancer in such cases. Casein kinase 1 epsilon (CK1ε) gene expression plays a role in numerous cancers, and the knockdown of CK1ε induces tumor cell-selective cytotoxicity. The present study was designed to determine the effects of CK1ε gene polymorphisms combined with environmental carcinogens on susceptibility to developing oral squamous cell carcinoma and its clinicopathological status. Four single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in CK1ε gene (rs135745, rs135764, rs1997644 and rs2075984) from 741 oral cancer patients and 462 healthy controls were analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Our results shown that variant types (GC) of CK1ε polymorphic rs135745 exhibited a significantly higher risk of 1.41 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.036-1.919) for oral cancer than did wild type alleles. Furthermore, these CK1ε gene SNPs along with betel-quid chewing and/or tobacco use further increased susceptibility to oral cancer. Moreover, variant genotypes (GC+CC) of CK1ε rs135745 were significantly associated with lymph node metastasis. These results suggested that the CK1ε gene polymorphism is associated with the clinicopathological development of oral cancer and increases individuals' susceptibility to environmental carcinogens (e.g., smoking and betel-quid chewing) in terms of developing oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Hui Lin
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Kuan Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Julia Hueimei Chang
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | | | - Madhavi Annamanedi
- National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, India
| | - Shih-Chi Su
- Whole-Genome Research Core Laboratory of Human Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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15
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Velmurugan BK, Yeh KT, Hsieh MJ, Yeh CM, Lin CC, Kao CY, Huang LR, Lin SH. UNC13C Suppress Tumor Progression via Inhibiting EMT Pathway and Improves Survival in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2019; 9:728. [PMID: 31440468 PMCID: PMC6694713 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Potential function of UNC13C in variety of cancers including, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains obscure. In the present study, immunohistochemical staining in tissue microarrays containing 268 OSCC samples showed that UNC13C protein levels were inversely correlated with AJCC Stage III and IV (P = 0.002) and death (P = 0.0134). Patients with lower UNC13C expression had a significantly shorter survival (P = 0.0231) than those with higher UNC13C expression. We also identified decreased overall UNC13C expression in oral cancer cell lines. In addition, our functional analysis of UNC13C shows that overexpression of UNC13C inhibited migration and invasion capacities of SCC-9 and SAS cells compared with the empty plasmid transfected cells. Further experiments suggested that transcription factors (Slug, Snail, Twist, and ZEB1) and mesenchymal marker (Vimentin) were down regulated and Tight Junction Protein (Claudin1) was up regulated after UNC13C overexpression in SCC9 and SAS cells. The novel role of UNC13C is revealed for the first time in OSCC. In summary, these results suggest that UNC13C as a novel tumor suppressor and an essential regulator of EMT signaling pathway during OSCC progression, and thus it could be used as a target for preventing oral cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharath Kumar Velmurugan
- Toxicology and Biomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua City, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ju Hsieh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan.,Department of Holistic Wellness, Mingdao University, Changhua City, Taiwan.,Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua City, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Min Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua City, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chieh Lin
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua City, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Yu Kao
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua City, Taiwan
| | - Lan-Ru Huang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hui Lin
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua City, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung City, Taiwan
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16
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Lin SH, Wang HK, Yeh KT, Tai HC, Wang HY, Huang LR, Chiu CW, Chung CM, Velmurugan BK. c-MYC expression in T (III/IV) stage oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:5163-5169. [PMID: 31239771 PMCID: PMC6556540 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s201943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: c-MYC has been noted in many tumor types, but its functional significance and clinical utility in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) are not well known. Here we studied the expression of c-MYC in correlation to clinical outcome in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. Methods: The current study, using immunohistochemical staining, first examined c-MYC expression in OSCC patients and further correlated its expression with clinicopathological parameters. Results: c-MYC was expressed in the majority of OSCC patients (n=133). The c-MYC expression is associated with histological grade (P=0.0205) of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that TN stage (P<0.001), American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage (P<0.0001), and tumor differentiation (P=0.0025) were independent factors for overall survival in patients with OSCC except for c-MYC expression (P>0.05). Multiplicative-scale interaction between T stage (III/IV) and low c-MYC expression on mortality risk was identified (P=0.0233). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated that oral cancer patients (T III/IV stage) with high c-MYC expression had better survival than those with low and medium c-MYC expression (P=0.0270). Conclusion: Our data indicate that c-MYC is a potential biomarker that can be used as a therapeutic target for treating OSCC patients with T stage (III/IV).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Hui Lin
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Kai Wang
- Public Health Bureau, Tainan City Government, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chun Tai
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yi Wang
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Lan-Ru Huang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wen Chiu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Min Chung
- Graduate Institute of BioMedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Environment-Omics-Diseases Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Bharath Kumar Velmurugan
- Toxicology and Biomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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17
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Velmurugan BK, Wang HK, Chung CM, Lee CH, Huang LR, Yeh KT, Lin SH. CIP2A overexpression in Taiwanese oral cancer patients. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:2589-2594. [PMID: 31114325 PMCID: PMC6497856 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s201154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Oral cancer is a prevalent form of cancer worldwide, particularly in Taiwan, and mechanisms involved in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) progression remain relatively unknown. Cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A), an oncoprotein, is aberrantly expressed in many human malignant tumors including oral cancer. However, the expression and role played by CIP2A in oral cancer pathogenesis remain obscure. Methods: In this study, immunohistochemistry was used to analyze CIP2A expression between OSCC tissues and their adjacent noncancerous tissues. Furthermore, associations between CIP2A expression and histopathological parameters were investigated. Results: In this study, we showed that CIP2A was overexpressed in most of the OSCC tissues. High CIP2A expression was significantly associated with moderate/poor tumor differentiation (P=0.02). No significant association was found between CIP2A expression and other clinical parameters. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that high CIP2A expression showed poorer survival rates than those with low CIP2A expression (P=0.047). Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that CIP2A expression, N stage, American Joint Committee on Cancer stage and clinical therapy were independent prognostic factors for survival. Conclusion: Thus, our study suggests that CIP2A is an independent prognostic marker for OSCC and a novel target for OSCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hsin-Kai Wang
- Public Health Bureau, Tainan City Government, Tainan City, Taiwan.,Jenteh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Min Chung
- Graduate Institute of BioMedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Environment-Omics-Diseases Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsun Lee
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Lan-Ru Huang
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hui Lin
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
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18
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Chen YY, Chang YM, Wang KY, Chen PN, Hseu YC, Chen KM, Yeh KT, Chen CJ, Hsu LS. Naringenin inhibited migration and invasion of glioblastoma cells through multiple mechanisms. Environ Toxicol 2019; 34:233-239. [PMID: 30431227 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most mortality brain cancer in the world. Due to high invasion and drug resistance cause the poor prognosis of GBM. Naringenin, an ingredient of citrus, exhibits many cellular functions such as antioxidant, anti-inflammation, and anticancer. Naringenin inhibits the migration of bladder and lung cancer via modulation of MMP-2 and/or MMP-9 activities, Naringenin inhibits migration and trigger apoptosis in gastric cancer cells through downregulation of AKT pathway. However, the effects of naringenin in GBM still remain to be elucidated. In this study, we reveal the molecular mechanisms of naringenin in the inhibition of migration and invasion in GBM. No overt alternation of cell proliferation was found in of GBM 8901 cells treated with different concentration of naringenin. Slight decreased cell viability was found in GBM 8401 cell treated with 200 and 300 μM naringenin. Significant reduction of migration and invasion as assayed by Boyden chamber analysis was found in of GBM cells treated with 100, 200, and 300 μM naringenin. Zymography analysis also revealed that the activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9 of GBM cells were significantly inhibited in response to 100, 200, or 300 μM naringenin treatment. Proteins of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were downregulated in naringenin treated GBM cells. In addition, naringenin also attenuated the activities of ERK and p38. Naringenin decreased mesenchymal markers (snail and slug) expression as revealed by Western blot analysis. Taken together, our findings indicated that naringenin eliminated the migration and invasion of GBM cells through multiple mechanisms including inhibition of MMPs, ERK, and p38 activities and modulation of EMT markers. Our results also suggested that naringenin may be a potential agent to prevent metastasis of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Yu Chen
- Department of Neurology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Ming Chang
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Division of Internal Medicine, Hsinchu Mackay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yi Wang
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ni Chen
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - You-Cheng Hseu
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ke-Min Chen
- Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jung Chen
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Sung Hsu
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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19
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Chung CM, Hung CC, Lee CH, Lee CP, Lee KW, Chen MK, Yeh KT, Ko YC. Variants in FAT1 and COL9A1 genes in male population with or without substance use to assess the risk factors for oral malignancy. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210901. [PMID: 30657779 PMCID: PMC6338366 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of genetic variants were suggested to be associated with oral malignancy, few variants can be replicated. The aim of this study was to identify significant variants that enhanced personal risk prediction for oral malignancy. A total of 360 patients diagnosed with oral squamous cell carcinoma, 486 controls and 17 newly diagnosed patients with OPMD including leukoplakia or oral submucous fibrosis were recruited. Fifteen tagSNPs which were derived from somatic mutations were genotyped and examined in associations with the occurrence of oral malignancy. Environmental variables along with the SNPs data were used to developed risk predictive models for oral malignancy occurrence. The stepwise model analysis was conducted to fit the best model in an economically efficient way. Two tagSNPs, rs28647489 in FAT1 gene and rs550675 in COL9A1 gene, were significantly associated with the risk of oral malignancy. The sensitivity and specificity were 85.7% and 85.5%, respectively (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.91) for predicting oral squamous cell carcinoma occurrence with the combined genetic variants, betel-quid, alcohol and age. The AUC for OPMD was only 0.69. The predictive probability of squamous cell carcinoma occurrence for genetic risk score without substance use increased from 10% up to 43%; with substance use increased from 73% up to 92%. Genetic variants with or without substance use may enhance risk prediction for oral malignancy occurrence in male population. The prediction model may be useful as a clinical index for oral malignancy occurrence and its risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Min Chung
- Environment-Omics-Disease Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Chieh Hung
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hung Lee
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Pin Lee
- Environment-Omics-Disease Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ka-Wo Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Kuan Chen
- Oral Cancer Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chin Ko
- Environment-Omics-Disease Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail: ,
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20
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Kuo TM, Nithiyanantham S, Lee CP, Hsu HT, Luo SY, Lin YZ, Yeh KT, Ko YC. Arecoline N-oxide regulates oral squamous cell carcinoma development through NOTCH1 and FAT1 expressions. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:13984-13993. [PMID: 30624777 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Areca nut has been evaluated as a group I carcinogen to humans. However, the exact compounds of areca nut causing oral cancer remain unproven. Previous findings from our lab revealed that arecoline N-oxide (ANO), a metabolite of arecoline, exhibits an oral fibrotic effect in immune-deficient NOD/SCID mice. The aim of this study is to investigate the oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) inductive activity between areca-alkaloid arecoline and its metabolite ANO in C57BL/6 mice. Our findings show that ANO showed higher activity in inducing hyperplasia with leukoplakia and collagen deposition in C57BL/6 mice compared with the arecoline treated groups. Importantly, immunohistochemical studies showed significant upregulation of NOTCH1, HES1, FAT1, PCNA, and Ki67 expressions in the pathological hyperplastic part. In addition, in vitro studies showed that upregulation of NOTCH1 and FAT1 expressions in ANO treated HGF-1 and DOK cell models. We found that NOTCH1 regulates TP53 expression from NOTCH1 knockdown oral cancer cells. The DNA damage was significantly increased after arecoline and ANO treatment. Further, we found that arecoline-induced H2AX expression was regulated by FMO3. Altogether, our findings show that ANO exhibited higher toxicity in OPMD activity and play a significant role in the induction of areca nut mediated oral tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzer-Min Kuo
- Environment-Omics-Disease Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Srinivasan Nithiyanantham
- Environment-Omics-Disease Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Pin Lee
- Environment-Omics-Disease Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ting Hsu
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Yuan Luo
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - You-Zhe Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chin Ko
- Environment-Omics-Disease Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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21
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Chang YS, Chang CC, Huang HY, Lin CY, Yeh KT, Chang JG. Detection of Molecular Alterations in Taiwanese Patients with Medullary Thyroid Cancer Using Whole-Exome Sequencing. Endocr Pathol 2018; 29:324-331. [PMID: 30120715 DOI: 10.1007/s12022-018-9543-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Genetic and epigenetic alterations are associated with the progression and prognosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). We performed whole-exome sequencing of tumor tissue from seven patients with sporadic MTC using an Illumina HiSeq 2000 sequencing system. We conducted Sanger sequencing to confirm the somatic mutations in both tumor and matched normal tissues. We applied Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes functional enrichment analysis with the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery and STRING for pathway analysis. We detected new somatic mutations in the BICD2, DLG1, FSD2, IL17RD, KLHL25, PAPPA2, PRDM2, PSEN1, SCRN1, and TTC1 genes. We found a somatic mutation in the PDE4DIP gene that had previously been discovered mutated in other tumors but that had not been characterized in MTC. We investigated pathway deregulation in MTC. Data regarding 1152 MTCs were assembled from the Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC) and seven of our patients. Ontological analysis revealed that most of the variants aggregated in pathways that included the signaling pathways of thyroid cancer, central carbon metabolism, microRNAs in cancer, PI3K-Akt, ErbB, MAPK, mTOR, VEGF, and RAS. In conclusion, we conducted wide-ranging exome-wide analysis of the mutational spectrum of MTC in Taiwan's population and detected novel genes with potential associations with MTC tumorigenesis and irregularities in pathways that resulted in MTC pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Sian Chang
- Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, 2 Yuh-Der Road, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center for Precision Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chi Chang
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Yuan Huang
- Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, 2 Yuh-Der Road, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center for Precision Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yu Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Jan-Gowth Chang
- Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, 2 Yuh-Der Road, Taichung, 404, Taiwan.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Center for Precision Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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22
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Velmurugan BK, Chang WH, Chung CM, Yeh CM, Lee CH, Yeh KT, Lin SH. DDR2 overexpression in oral squamous cell carcinoma is associated to lymph node metastasis. Cancer Biomark 2018; 22:747-753. [PMID: 29945346 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-181302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Discoidin domain receptors (DDRs), a collagen receptor tyrosine kinase, play a major role in cancer progression. DDR2 has been suggested as a prognostic marker in several cancer types; however, the correlation between DDR2 expression and clinical outcome of oral cancer patients in Taiwan population has not been investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the present study we sought to determine the clinical significance of Discoidin Domain Receptor Tyrosine Kinase 2 (DDR2) expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients. We examined DDR2 expression in OSCC specimens by immunohistochemistry and then we analyzed the association of DDR2 expression with clinicopathological factors in OSCC. RESULTS We divided 254 OSCC cases into two groups based on DDR2 expression levels and compared with several clinicopathological factors and their overall survival. The group with high DDR2 expression had significantly higher frequencies of lymph node metastasis (P= 0.0094) and AJCC stage (P= 0.0058) compared to the group with low DDR2 expression. Furthermore, the lymph node metastasis oral cancer patients with high DDR2 expression had low survival rate than low DDR2 group (P= 0.0458). CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that DDR2 is a potent biomarker that can be used as an effective therapeutic target for treating OSCC patients with lymph node metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharath Kumar Velmurugan
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Wei-Hsiang Chang
- Department of Surgical Pathology.,Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Chia-Min Chung
- Graduate Institute of BioMedical Sciences.,Environment-Omics-Diseases Research Center
| | - Chung-Min Yeh
- Department of Surgical Pathology.,Department of Medical Technology
| | | | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Surgical Pathology.,School of Medicine
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23
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Ho YJ, Shih CP, Yeh KT, Shi B, Gong Z, Lin YM, Lu JW. Correlation between high expression levels of jumonji domain-containing 4 and short survival in cases of colon adenocarcinoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 503:1442-1449. [PMID: 30029884 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.07.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the expression of jumonji domain-containing 4 (JMJD4) in colon adenocarcinoma (CA) look for evidences for future studies on clinical diagnostic and prognostic value. The immunohistochemical (IHC) reactivity of JMJD4 was assessed in human tissue microarrays using monoclonal antibodies. An initial investigation revealed that the expression of JMJD4 protein was significantly higher in tumor tissue of the colon and liver than in normal tissue. Upon further investigation, we observed significant positivity of JMJD4 between 59 paired samples from CA tissue and adjacent normal tissue. JMJD4 protein expression in CA differed significantly according to the histological grade and M-class (distant metastasis). We also determined that the mRNA or protein expression of JMJD4 was significantly associated with poor survival in patients with CA. Finally, univariate and multivariate analysis revealed that JMJD4 expression could be a prognostic indicator for patients with CA and may provide a new target for the development of novel therapies for the treatment of CA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jung Ho
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ping Shih
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Bingyang Shi
- International Joint Center for Biomedical Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, PR China
| | - Zhiyuan Gong
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan.
| | - Jeng-Wei Lu
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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24
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Chang CC, Sung WW, Hsu HT, Yeh CM, Lee CH, Chen YL, Liu TC, Yeh KT. Validation of EGFL6 expression as a prognostic marker in patients with lung adenocarcinoma in Taiwan: a retrospective study. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e021385. [PMID: 29934389 PMCID: PMC6020984 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-021385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lung adenocarcinoma is a non-small cell lung cancer, a common cancer in both genders, and has poor clinical outcome. Our aim was to evaluate the role of epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domain multiple 6 (EGFL6) and its prognostic significance in lung adenocarcinoma. METHODS EGFL6 expression was studied by immunohistochemical staining of specimens from 150 patients with lung adenocarcinoma. The correlation between clinicopathological features and EGFL6 expression was quantitatively analysed. We used Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazard models to examine the prognostic value of EGFL6 in terms of overall survival. RESULTS No significant correlation was found between EGFL6 expression and clinical parameters. However, patients with high levels of EGFL6 expression showed a tendency towards poor prognosis, with borderline statistical significance. Grouping the patients according to a medium age value revealed a significant association between high EGFL6 expression and poor clinical outcome in young patients. This finding was further confirmed by grouping the patients into three groups according to age. HR in patients with high EGFL6 expression was higher in younger patients than in older patients. CONCLUSION High EGFL6 expression may serve as a marker for poor prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma, especially in younger patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Chi Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Wei Sung
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ting Hsu
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Min Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsun Lee
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ling Chen
- Department of Nursing, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Chih Liu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
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25
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Chang CC, Chang YS, Huang HY, Yeh KT, Liu TC, Chang JG. Determination of the mutational landscape in Taiwanese patients with papillary thyroid cancer by whole-exome sequencing. Hum Pathol 2018; 78:151-158. [PMID: 29753010 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2018.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Among women in Taiwan, thyroid cancer is the fifth most common malignant neoplasia. However, genomic profiling of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) cases from Taiwan has not been attempted previously. We used whole-exome sequencing to identify mutations in a cohort of 19 PTC patients. Sequencing was performed using the Illumina system; Sanger sequencing was used to validate all identified mutations. We identified new somatic mutations in APC, DICER1, LRRC8D and NDRG1. We also found somatic mutations in ARID5A, CREB3L2, MDM4, PPP2R5A and TFPT; mutations in these genes had been found previously in other tumors, but had not been described previously in PTC. We also investigated the pathway deregulation in BRAF-mutated PTC compared with wild-type BRAF PTC. In checking our gene mutations against The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, we identified aberrations in one pathway that are specific to BRAF-mutated PTC: maturity-onset diabetes of the young. In addition, the caffeine metabolism pathway showed aberrations that are specific to wild-type BRAF PTC. For this study, we performed a comprehensive exome-wide analysis of the mutational spectra of Taiwanese patients with PTC. We identified novel genes that are potentially associated with PTC tumorigenesis, as well as aberrations in pathways that led to the distinct pathogeneses of BRAF-mutated PTC and wild-type BRAF PTC, which may provide a new target for PTC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Chi Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Sian Chang
- Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Center for Precision Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Yuan Huang
- Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Center for Precision Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Chih Liu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Jan-Gowth Chang
- Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Center for Precision Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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26
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Chang CC, Liu TY, Lee YT, Chen YC, Yeh KT, Lee CC, Chen YL, Lin PC, Chang YS, Chan WL, Liu TC, Chang JG. Genome-wide analysis of lncRNAs in 3'-untranslated regions: CR933609 acts as a decoy to protect the INO80D gene. Int J Oncol 2018; 53:417-433. [PMID: 29750421 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have various functions, including chromatin remodeling and the regulation of gene expression at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. However, few lncRNAs have been investigated comprehensively, with the majority being uncharacterized. In the present study, a bioinformatics pipeline was established to identify novel lncRNA sequences similar to the 3'-untranslated regions (3'‑UTRs) of protein-coding genes. These pairs of lncRNAs and coding genes contained the same microRNA (miRNA) target sites; the lncRNA CR933609 matched the 3'‑UTR of INO80 complex subunit D (INO80D) mRNA. The expression levels of CR933609 and INO80D were significantly decreased in non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and other cancer tissues. The expression levels of CR933609 and INO80D were decreased in CR933609-knockdown NSCLC cells, but only expression levels of INO80D decreased in INO80D knockdown cells. It was shown that there are independent promoters in CR933609 and INO80D. It was also found that the expression levels of INO80D were downregulated by endogenous miRNA‑5096 in A549 cells, but not in CR933609-overexpressing A549 cells. Furthermore, the lncRNA CR933609 acted as a decoy to protect INO80D from downregulation by miRNA‑5096 in NSCLC cells. A protocol was established to identify novel lncRNAs in the 3'‑UTR and the existence of novel lncRNAs was confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Chi Chang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ting-Yuan Liu
- Center for Precision Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ya-Ting Lee
- Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-Chia Chen
- Center for Precision Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chien-Chin Lee
- Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ya-Ling Chen
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Pei-Chin Lin
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ya-Sian Chang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Wen-Ling Chan
- Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ta-Chih Liu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jan-Gowth Chang
- Center for Precision Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan, R.O.C
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27
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Hsu HT, Hsing MT, Yeh CM, Chen CJ, Yang JS, Yeh KT. Decreased cytoplasmic X-box binding protein-1 expression is associated with poor prognosis and overall survival in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. Clin Chim Acta 2018; 479:66-71. [PMID: 29305191 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common cancer of the oral cavity. In spite of advancements in surgical, chemoradiological and targeted therapies, these therapeutic strategies still have had little impact on survival rates. X-box binding protein-1 (XBP-1) is a potent transcription factor that is involved in the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway, which itself is activated in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress as a method to restore cellular homeostasis. The role XBP-1 plays in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has yet to be determined. In this study, we used molecular and immunohistochemical analyses to investigate the role of XBP-1 protein playing in the OSCC carcinogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used immunohistochemical analyses to investigate XBP-1 expression in 255 OSCC tissue specimens, as well as migration and invasion assays with XBP-1 siRNA transfection of oral cancer cell lines to confirm its role in OSCC. RESULTS The XBP-1 immunostaining was dichotomized as low-level expression and high-level expression. We found that low-level cytoplasmic XBP-1expression was significantly correlated with larger tumor size (p=0.047), more advanced clinical stage (p<0.0001), lymph node metastasis (p=0.002), and shorter overall survival (p=0.011). Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that low-level cytoplasmic XBP-1 expression was significantly correlated with shorter overall survival (p=0.031). The univariate Cox regression analysis revealed that cytoplasmic XBP-1 expression was a prognostic factor for overall survival of patients with OSCC. We also found that inhibition of XBP-1 promoted OSCC cell migration and invasion. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that XBP-1 expression may play an essential role in the pathogenesis of OSCC and that targeting XBP-1 may be a sound therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ting Hsu
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Tai Hsing
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Min Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Jung Chen
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Sin Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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28
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Velmurugan BK, Yeh KT, Lee CH, Lin SH, Chin MC, Chiang SL, Wang ZH, Hua CH, Tsai MH, Chang JG, Ko YC. Acidic leucine-rich nuclear phosphoprotein-32A (ANP32A) association with lymph node metastasis predicts poor survival in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients. Oncotarget 2017; 7:10879-90. [PMID: 26918356 PMCID: PMC4905446 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Acidic leucine-rich nuclear phosphoprotein-32A (ANP32A) is a multifunctional protein aberrantly expressed in various types of cancers. However, its expression pattern and clinical significance in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains unclear. In this study, we immunohistochemically investigated the expression pattern of ANP32A in 259 OSCC patients and the results were correlated with clinicopathological factors using Allred, Klein and Immunoreactive scoring (IRS) system. Our data indicated that high expression of ANP32A was significantly associated with N stage and tumor differentiation status in OSCC patients. High ANP32A expression with N2/N3 stage had an increased mortality risk than low ANP32A expressing OSCC patients with N0/N1 stage. Functional studies revealed that knockdown of ANP32A significantly decreased the migration and invasion ability thereby concomitantly increasing E-cadherin and decreasing Slug, Claudin-1 and Vimentin expression in vitro. These results suggest that ANP32A is commonly increased in oral squamous cell carcinoma and ANP32A protein could act as a potential biomarker for prognosis assessment of oral cancer patients with lymph node metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hung Lee
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hui Lin
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chung Chin
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Lun Chiang
- Environment-Omics-Diseases Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Health Risk Management, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Hong Wang
- Environment-Omics-Diseases Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hung Hua
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsui Tsai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jan-Gowth Chang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chin Ko
- Environment-Omics-Diseases Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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29
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Wu CH, Hsiao YM, Yeh KT, Tsou TC, Chen CY, Wu MF, Ko JL. Upregulation of microRNA-4417 and Its Target Genes Contribute to Nickel Chloride-promoted Lung Epithelial Cell Fibrogenesis and Tumorigenesis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15320. [PMID: 29127306 PMCID: PMC5681645 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14610-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nickel compounds have been classified as carcinogens and shown to be associated with induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in fibrogenesis and tumorigenesis, as well as the crucial role of microRNAs (miRNAs) and their related genes in controlling EMT and cancer metastasis. Thus, the mechanisms involved in the regulation of EMT in nickel-treated cells are of potential interest in understanding lung fibrosis and tumor progression. We investigated the miRNA-dependent mechanisms involved in nickel-induced EMT in lung epithelial cells. Nickel increased miR-4417 expression and decreased its target gene TAB2 expression. Treatment of cells with TGF-β inhibitor SB525334 significantly blocked NiCl2 and TGF-β-induced EMT. The expression of miR-4417 was abolished by SB525334 in TGF-β-treated cells, but not in nickel-treated cells. Both overexpression of miR-4417 and silencing of TAB2 induced fibronectin expression, but did not reduce E-cadherin expression. Moreover, oral administration of nickel promoted lung tumor growth in nude mice that had received BEAS-2B transformed cells by intravenous injection. The induction of EMT by nickel is mediated through multiple pathways. Induction of abundant miR-4417 and reduction of TAB2 expression following nickel exposure and may be involved in nickel-induced fibronectin. These findings provide novel insight into the roles of nickel in fibrogenesis and tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hsien Wu
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Basic Medical Education Center, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Min Hsiao
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsui-Chun Tsou
- Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, 350, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yi Chen
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Fang Wu
- Divisions of Medical Oncology and Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Oncology and Chest Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Jiunn-Liang Ko
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Oncology and Chest Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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30
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Ho YJ, Lin YM, Huang YC, Shi B, Yeh KT, Gong Z, Lu JW. Prognostic significance of high YY1AP1 and PCNA expression in colon adenocarcinoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 494:173-180. [PMID: 29037809 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.10.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the relationship between YY1AP1 and various clinicopathological features of colon adenocarcinoma (COAD), we conducted immunohistochemical (IHC) analyses of human tissue microarrays. We found that YY1AP1 protein expression was significantly higher in tumor tissue of the colon and liver, and was significantly lower in tumor tissue of the kidney. An analysis that employed the SurvExpress database indicated that increased expression of YY1AP1 mRNA was significantly associated with the overall survival of COAD patients. To clarify the validity of YY1AP1 or PCNA as determined by the IHC analysis was performed on 59 paired samples from COAD and adjacent normal tissue. Statistically significant differences of immunoreactivity for YY1AP1 or PCNA protein expression was observed between COAD tissue and adjacent normal tissue. High protein expression levels of YY1AP1 and PCNA were also found to be significantly correlated with M-class and distant metastasis. We also determined that YY1AP1 was correlated with PCNA expression in COAD samples, and Kaplan-Meier survival curves indicated that YY1AP1 protein expression was significantly associated with poor survival. Finally, a univariate analysis demonstrated that YY1AP1 protein expression was related to YY1AP1 score, and multivariate analysis revealed that the YY1AP1 protein expression level was an independent risk factor of overall COAD survival. Taken together, our findings indicate that YY1AP1 expression plays an important role in the tumorigenesis and progression of COAD and could serve as a clinical prognostic indicator for COAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jung Ho
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chi Huang
- Department of Styling & Cosmetology, Hsin Sheng Junior College of Medical Care and Management, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Bingyang Shi
- International Joint Center for Biomedical Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, PR China
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Zhiyuan Gong
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jeng-Wei Lu
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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31
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Ho YJ, Lin YM, Huang YC, Chang J, Yeh KT, Lin LI, Gong Z, Tzeng TY, Lu JW. Significance of histone methyltransferase SETDB1 expression in colon adenocarcinoma. APMIS 2017; 125:985-995. [PMID: 28913972 DOI: 10.1111/apm.12745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the clinical implications of SETDB1 (also known as KMT1E) in human colon adenocarcinoma. Expression levels of SETDB1 proteins were analyzed by immunohistochemistry staining, and tissue microarrays were used to examine expression profiles in human patients. Our results revealed that SETDB1 protein expression was significantly higher in tumor tissue than in normal tissue for the breast, colon, liver, and lung (p < 0.05). Moreover, an analysis with SurvExpress software suggested that elevated expression of SETDB1 mRNA was significantly associated with the overall survival of colon adenocarcinoma patients (p < 0.05); and additional analysis involving 90 paired samples of colon adenocarcinoma tissue and normal tissue revealed that SETDB1 protein expression was 82% higher in cancerous cells (p < 0.001). High SETDB1 expression was also found to be significantly correlated with histological grade (p = 0.005), TNM stage (p = 0.003), T-class/primary tumor (p = 0.001), and N-class/regional lymph nodes (p = 0.017); and Kaplan-Meier survival curves indicated that SETDB1 protein expression was significantly associated with poor survival. Finally, univariate analysis demonstrated that SETDB1 protein expression was related to TNM stage (p = 0.004) and SETDB1 score (p = 0.001), whereas multivariate analysis showed that the influence of SETDB1 on overall colon adenocarcinoma survival was independent from other risk factors. Taken together, our results suggest that the SETDB1 protein could serve as a clinical prognostic indicator for colon adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jung Ho
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chi Huang
- Department of Styling & Cosmetology, Hsin Sheng Junior College of Medical Care and Management, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jungshan Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Liang-In Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zhiyuan Gong
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Tsai-Yu Tzeng
- VYM Genome Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Wei Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
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32
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Velmurugan BK, Lee CH, Chiang SL, Hua CH, Chen MC, Lin SH, Yeh KT, Ko YC. PP2A deactivation is a common event in oral cancer and reactivation by FTY720 shows promising therapeutic potential. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:1300-1311. [PMID: 28516459 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a tumor suppressor gene, that has been frequently deactivated in many types of cancer. However, its molecular and clinical relevance in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remain unclear. Here we show that, PP2A deactivation is a common event in oral cancer cells and hyperphosphorylation in its tyrosine-307 (Y307) residue contributes to PP2A deactivation. PP2A restoration by FTY720 treatment reduced cell growth and decreased GSK-3β phosphorylation without significantly altering other PP2A targets. We further detected PP2A phosphorylation in 262 OSCC tissues. Increased expression of p-PP2A in the tumor tissues was significantly correlated with higher N2/N3-stage (aOR = 2.1, 95%CI: 1.2-3.8). Patients with high p-PP2A expression had lower overall survival rates than those with low expression. Hazard ratio analysis showed that, high p-PP2A expression was significantly associated with mortality density (aOR = 2.2, 95%CI: 1.2-4.0) and lower 10-year overall survival (p = 0.027) in lymph node metastasis. However, no interaction was observed between p-PP2A expression and lymph node metastasis. All our results suggest that PP2A is frequently deactivated in oral cancer and determines poor outcome, restoring its expression by FTY720 can be an alternative therapeutic approach in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharath K Velmurugan
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Chien-Hung Lee
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsuing, Taiwan.,Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Lun Chiang
- Environment-Omics-Diseases Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Health Risk Management, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hung Hua
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chung Chen
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hui Lin
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chin Ko
- Environment-Omics-Diseases Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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33
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Chen CJ, Sung WW, Chen HC, Chern YJ, Hsu HT, Lin YM, Lin SH, Peck K, Yeh KT. Early Assessment of Colorectal Cancer by Quantifying Circulating Tumor Cells in Peripheral Blood: ECT2 in Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18040743. [PMID: 28362321 PMCID: PMC5412328 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in peripheral blood is an indication of poor prognosis for patients with different cancer types. However, most of the available technologies for detecting CTCs show low sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, we attempted to find an alternative marker for CTCs of colorectal cancer. We have directly extracted RNA from CTCs contained in 1.5 mL peripheral blood from 90 colorectal cancer patients and 151 healthy donors, and screened these samples for candidate marker genes by nested real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). From genes selected from a public database of microarray analyses, we successfully identified epithelial cell transforming sequence 2 oncogene (ECT2) as a gene that exhibits high differential expression ratios (p < 0.01). ECT2 displays good sensitivity and specificity, with an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.821. This marker gene also has a high detection rate in patients with serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) concentrations below the diagnostic threshold of 5 ng/mL. The expression of ECT2 can therefore serve as an alternative measurement that can compensate for the inadequacy of the current CEA test in the diagnosis and monitoring of colorectal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Jung Chen
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 8864, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli 88637, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 8864, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Wei Sung
- Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli 88637, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 8864, Taiwan.
- Department of Urology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 8864, Taiwan.
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 8864, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Education, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 8864, Taiwan.
| | - Hung-Chang Chen
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Jye Chern
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 8862, Taiwan.
| | - Hui-Ting Hsu
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 8864, Taiwan.
| | - Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 8864, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli 88637, Taiwan.
| | - Shu-Hui Lin
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 8864, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli 88637, Taiwan.
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichuang 8864, Taiwan.
| | - Konan Peck
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 8862, Taiwan.
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 8864, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 8864, Taiwan.
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34
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Chang YS, Huang HD, Yeh KT, Chang JG. Identification of novel mutations in endometrial cancer patients by whole-exome sequencing. Int J Oncol 2017; 50:1778-1784. [PMID: 28339086 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.3919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to identify genomic alterations in Taiwanese endometrial cancer patients. This information is vitally important in Taiwan, where endometrial cancer is the second most common gynecological cancer. We performed whole-exome sequencing on DNA from 14 tumor tissue samples from Taiwanese endometrial cancer patients. We used the Genome Analysis Tool kit software package for data analysis, and the dbSNP, Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases for comparisons. Variants were validated via Sanger sequencing. We identified 143 non-synonymous mutations in 756 canonical cancer-related genes and 1,271 non-synonymous mutations in non-canonical cancer-related genes in 14 endometrial samples. PTEN, KRAS and PIK3R1 were the most frequently mutated canonical cancer-related genes. Our results revealed nine potential driver genes (MAPT, IL24, MCM6, TSC1, BIRC2, CIITA, DST, CASP8 and NOTCH2) and 21 potential passenger genes (ARMCX4, IGSF10, VPS13C, DCT, DNAH14, TLN1, ZNF605, ZSCAN29, MOCOS, CMYA5, PCDH17, UGT1A8, CYFIP2, MACF1, NUDT5, JAKMIP1, PCDHGB4, FAM178A, SNX6, IMP4 and PCMTD1). The detected molecular aberrations led to putative activation of the mTOR, Wnt, MAPK, VEGF and ErbB pathways, as well as aberrant DNA repair, cell cycle control and apoptosis pathways. We characterized the mutational landscape and genetic alterations in multiple cellular pathways of endometrial cancer in the Taiwanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Sian Chang
- Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hsien-Da Huang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jan-Gowth Chang
- Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan, R.O.C
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35
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Chang JG, Chen CC, Wu YY, Che TF, Huang YS, Yeh KT, Shieh GS, Yang PC. Uncovering synthetic lethal interactions for therapeutic targets and predictive markers in lung adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget 2016; 7:73664-73680. [PMID: 27655641 PMCID: PMC5342006 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Two genes are called synthetic lethal (SL) if their simultaneous mutation leads to cell death, but mutation of either individual does not. Targeting SL partners of mutated cancer genes can selectively kill cancer cells, but leave normal cells intact. We present an integrated approach to uncover SL gene pairs as novel therapeutic targets of lung adenocarcinoma (LADC). Of 24 predicted SL pairs, PARP1-TP53 was validated by RNAi knockdown to have synergistic toxicity in H1975 and invasive CL1-5 LADC cells; additionally FEN1-RAD54B, BRCA1-TP53, BRCA2-TP53 and RB1-TP53 were consistent with the literature. While metastasis remains a bottleneck in cancer treatment and inhibitors of PARP1 have been developed, this result may have therapeutic potential for LADC, in which TP53 is commonly mutated. We also demonstrated that silencing PARP1 enhanced the cell death induced by the platinum-based chemotherapy drug carboplatin in lung cancer cells (CL1-5 and H1975). IHC of RAD54B↑, BRCA1↓-RAD54B↑, FEN1(N)↑-RAD54B↑ and PARP1↑-RAD54B↑ were shown to be prognostic markers for 131 Asian LADC patients, and all markers except BRCA1↓-RAD54B↑ were further confirmed by three independent gene expression data sets (a total of 426 patients) including The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort of LADC. Importantly, we identified POLB-TP53 and POLB as predictive markers for the TCGA cohort (230 subjects), independent of age and stage. Thus, POLB and POLB-TP53 may be used to stratify future non-Asian LADC patients for therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Gowth Chang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Cheng Chen
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ying Wu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Fang Che
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Syuan Huang
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Grace S. Shieh
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Bioinformatics Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, Academia Sinica and National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pan-Chyr Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center of Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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36
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Wu SW, Liou JH, Yeh KT, Hung TW, Chang HR. The Prevalence and Prognostic Significance of Polyomavirus Infection in Patients with Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder. Urol J 2016; 13:2773-2778. [PMID: 27576884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Human polyomaviruses (PV) has been associated with oncogenicity; however, the association between human bladder cancer and PV remains inconclusive. Moreover, whether PV has the interaction with p53 in tumorigenesis and their prognostic significance on human bladder cancer has yet to be determined. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bladder tumor specimens and clinical parameters from 74 patients with urothelial carcinoma were collected. Immunohistochemical analysis using monoclonal antibodies specific to PV large tumor antigen (TAg) and p53 protein was performed to investigate the involvement of PV in human bladder tumorigenesis and the prognostic significance of TAg and p53 expressions using Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS The mean age of the 74 patients at diagnosis was 64 years and 61 (82.4%) were male. The expression of PV TAg protein was found in 45 (60.8%) tumor samples, but was not correlated with the expression of p53 (P = .280). The detection of PV TAg was significantly associated with tumor stage (P = .001) but not decreased overall survival (OS) or cancer-specific survival (CSS) (P = .661 and .738, respectively). However, the p53 overexpression was significantly associated with decreased CSS (P = .028). In multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis, age and p53 overexpression were predictors of OS (P = .026) independently of tumor stage and CSS (P = .042), respectively. CONCLUSION We found that PV, which was detected in a significant percentage of tumor specimens, may be an important co-factor in the tumorigenesis of the bladder in humans. However, only p53 overexpression was associated with predicting CSS independently of tumor stage. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Wen Wu
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Jia-Hung Liou
- Departments of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Departments of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Wei Hung
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Rong Chang
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Kuo TM, Hsu HT, Chung CM, Yeh KT, Wu CT, Lee CP, Chiang SL, Huang CM, Ko YC. Enhanced alpha-kinase 1 accelerates multiple early nephropathies in streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1862:2034-2042. [PMID: 27542954 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-kinase 1 (ALPK1) is associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD), type 2 diabetes mellitus and gout. Elevated ALPK1 levels have been observed in the kidneys of patients with diabetes and the white blood cells of patients with gout. As renal injury is a common outcome of CKD, diabetes and gout, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ALPK1 in the development of renal injury in a hyperglycemic condition. Hyperglycemia was induced in wild-type and ALPK1 transgenic mice by an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). Functional and histological examinations were performed after 3weeks. STZ-treated ALPK1 transgenic mice exclusively showed arteriolar sclerosis and fibrous thickening of the Bowman's capsule in the kidney. This was accompanied by body weight loss, severe hyperglycemia, and low serum insulin levels. Renal renin and serum renin protein levels were higher in STZ-treated ALPK1 transgenic mice, whereas cGKII protein level was decreased by ALPK1 in human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells. ALPK1 up-regulated TGF-beta1 levels and transcription of fibrosis-related genes, including MMP-9, FIBRONECTIN, and TIMP1. MSU crystals increased ALPK1 transcription in cultured kidney cells. Finally, ALPK1 enhanced production of MSU crystals-induced IL-1beta in mice. Stimulation of soluble sodium urate induced IL-1beta and Alpk1 mRNA production in mice kidney. Taken together, these data show that an increase in ALPK1 results in accelerated fibrotic nephropathies, primarily through the enhancement of renin, TGF-beta1, and IL-1beta. Renal or blood ALPK1 levels are involved in the induction of fibrotic renal injury in an experimental model of hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzer-Min Kuo
- Environment-Omics-Diseases Research Centre, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ting Hsu
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Min Chung
- Environment-Omics-Diseases Research Centre, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Tien Wu
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Pin Lee
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Lun Chiang
- Environment-Omics-Diseases Research Centre, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Health Risk Management, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ming Huang
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicines, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chin Ko
- Environment-Omics-Diseases Research Centre, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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38
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Yang WE, Ho CC, Yang SF, Lin SH, Yeh KT, Lin CW, Chen MK. Cathepsin B Expression and the Correlation with Clinical Aspects of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152165. [PMID: 27031837 PMCID: PMC4816521 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cathepsin B (CTSB), a member of the cathepsin family, is a cysteine protease that is widely distributed in the lysosomes of cells in various tissues. It is overexpressed in several human cancers and may be related to tumorigenesis. The main purpose of this study was to analyze CTSB expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and its correlation with patient prognosis. Methodology/Principal Findings Tissue microarrays were used to detect CTSB expression in 280 patients and to examine the association between CTSB expression and clinicopathological parameters. In addition, the metastatic effects of the CTSB knockdown on two oral cancer cell lines were investigated by transwell migration assay. Cytoplasmic CTSB expression was detected in 34.6% (97/280) of patients. CTSB expression was correlated with positive lymph node metastasis (p = 0.007) and higher tumor grade (p = 0.008) but not with tumor size and distant metastasis. In addition, multivariate analysis using a Cox proportional hazards model revealed a higher hazard ratio, demonstrating that CTSB expression was an independent unfavorable prognostic factor in buccal mucosa carcinoma patients. Furthermore, the Kaplan–Meier curve revealed that buccal mucosa OSCC patients with positive CTSB expression had significantly shorter overall survival. Moreover, treatment with the CTSB siRNA exerted an inhibitory effect on migration in OC2 and CAL27 oral cancer cells. Conclusions We conclude that CTSB expression may be useful for determining OSCC prognosis, particularly for patients with lymph node metastasis, and may function as a biomarker of the survival of OSCC patients in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-En Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Chen Ho
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hui Lin
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Wen Lin
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (MKC); (CWL)
| | - Mu-Kuan Chen
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (MKC); (CWL)
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Ho YJ, Lin YM, Huang YC, Yeh KT, Lin LI, Lu JW. Tissue microarray-based study of hepatocellular carcinoma validating SPIB as potential clinical prognostic marker. Acta Histochem 2016; 118:38-45. [PMID: 26610895 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Revised: 11/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the prognostic significance of SPIB protein overexpression in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the level of SPIB expression in human HCC in order to determine possible correlations between SPIB expression and clinicopathological findings. The expression of SPIB proteins was detected using immunohistochemical staining in commercial multiple-tissue microarrays as a means of examining expression profiles in patients. Using online biomarker validation tool SurvExpress, we focused on the correlation between SPIB overexpression and survival as well as relapse-free survival (RFS). Results show that SPIB protein expression levels were significantly higher in colon, liver, and stomach tumors than in non-tumor tissues (p<0.05). SPIB overexpression in patients with HCC was also significantly higher than that of the normal samples (p<0.001). Among patients with liver disease, SPIB protein expression levels differ significantly according to the stage of liver disease, specifically between stages I, II, and III of HCC (p<0.05). SPIB expression was also shown to be significantly correlated with age (p=0.046) and histological grade (p=0.027). Furthermore, the SurvExpress analysis suggested that high SPIB and KI-67 mRNA expression were significantly associated with the poor survival of patients with HCC (p<0.05). Our results indicate that cross-talk in the expression of SPIB and KI-67 may be associated with poor prognosis and may potentially serve as a clinical prognostic indicator of HCC. This is the first time that such an association has been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jung Ho
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan.
| | - Yen-Chi Huang
- Department of Styling & Cosmetology, Hsin Sheng Junior College of Medical Care and Management, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Liang-In Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Jeng-Wei Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Chang YS, Huang HD, Yeh KT, Chang JG. Genetic alterations in endometrial cancer by targeted next-generation sequencing. Exp Mol Pathol 2015; 100:8-12. [PMID: 26626801 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2015.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Many genetic factors play important roles in the development of endometrial cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate genetic alterations in the Taiwanese population with endometrial cancer. DNA was extracted from 10 cases of fresh-frozen endometrial cancer tissue. The exomes of cancer-related genes were captured using the NimbleGen Comprehensive Cancer Panel (578 cancer-related genes) and sequenced using the Illumina Genomic Sequencing Platform. Our results revealed 120 variants in 99 genes, 21 of which were included in the Oncomine Cancer Research Panel used in the National Cancer Institute Match Trial. The 21 genes comprised 8 tumor suppressor candidates (ATM, MSH2, PIK3R1, PTCH1, PTEN, TET2, TP53, and TSC1) and 13 oncogene candidates (ALK, BCL9, CTNNB1, ERBB2, FGFR2, FLT3, HNF1A, KIT, MTOR, PDGFRA, PPP2R1A, PTPN11, and SF3B1). We identified a high frequency of mutations in PTEN (50%) and genes involved in the endometrial cancer-related molecular pathway, which involves the IL-7 signaling pathway (PIK3R1, n=1; AKT2, n=1; FOXO1, n=1). We report the mutational landscape of endometrial cancer in the Taiwanese population. We believe that this study will shed new light on fundamental aspects for understanding the molecular pathogenesis of endometrial cancer and may aid in the development of new targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Sian Chang
- Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Da Huang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Jan-Gowth Chang
- Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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41
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Lin YM, Sung WW, Hsieh MJ, Tsai SC, Lai HW, Yang SM, Shen KH, Chen MK, Lee H, Yeh KT, Chen CJ. High PD-L1 Expression Correlates with Metastasis and Poor Prognosis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142656. [PMID: 26562534 PMCID: PMC4642967 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PD-L1 has been widely demonstrated to contribute to failed antitumor immunity. Blockade of PD-L1 with monoclonal antibody could modulate the tumor immune environment to augment immunotherapy. PD-L1 expression is also detected in several types of cancer and is associated with poor prognosis. However, the prognostic role of PD-L1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is still controversial. Our aim was to determine the role of PD-L1 in the prognosis of OSCC patients to identify its potential therapeutic relevance. PD-L1 immunoreactivity was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in 305 cancer specimens from primary OSCC patients. The medium follow-up time after surgery was 3.8 years (range from 0.1 to 11.1 years). The prognostic value of PD-L1 on overall survival was determined by Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazard models. Higher PD-L1 expression is more likely in tumor tissues of female than male OSCC patients (P = 0.0062). Patients with distant metastasis also had high PD-L1 expression (P = 0.0103). Multivariate analysis identified high PD-L1 expression as an independent risk factor in males and smokers (males: hazard ratio = 1.556, P = 0.0077; smokers: hazard ratio = 2.058, P = 0.0004). We suggest that PD-L1 expression, determined by IHC staining, could be an independent prognostic marker for OSCC patients who are male or who have a smoking habit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Wei Sung
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ju Hsieh
- Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- School of Optometry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chen Tsai
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Wen Lai
- Division of General Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Mei Yang
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health and Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Hong Shen
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Kuan Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Huei Lee
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jung Chen
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan
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Kuo TM, Yeh KT, Hsu HT, Chiang SL, Chang JG, Huang CM, Tu HP, Liu CS, Ko YC. ALPK1 affects testosterone mediated regulation of proinflammatory cytokines production. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2015; 154:150-8. [PMID: 26275947 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2015.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-protein kinase 1, also known as alpha-kinase 1 (ALPK1), is associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD), myocardial infarction, gout and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). In addition to having an inductive effect on the proinflammatory cytokines in monocytic THP1 cells, ALPK1 is expressed abundantly in the mouse testes. Low testosterone levels are commonly associated with arthritis, CKD, type 2 DM, cardiovascular disease and inflammation. The testosterone's anti-inflammatory effect has been demonstrated to reduce proinflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules. In this study, we found that ALPK1 transgenic mice showed lower levels of testosterone in both the testes and the serum. Decreasing endogenous ALPK1 enhanced testosterone levels and transcripts of testosterone-regulated genes (P450scc, 3beta-HSD, P450C17, 17beta-HSD, StAR, and INSL3) in TM3 Leydig cells. In contrast, increasing testosterone decreased ALPK1 in both TM3 and monocytic THP1 cells. This decrease was accompanied by a reduction of the proinflammatory cytokines. Increased ALPK1 levels attenuated the testosterone effects in THP1 cells. Finally, we also found that ALPK1 increased the release of TNF-alpha and TGF-beta1 in the human embryonic kidney 293 cells, while testosterone inhibited ALPK1 in the primary kidney cells. Taken together, this data suggests that the balance between ALPK1 and testosterone plays a critical role in the testosterone-mediated inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzer-Min Kuo
- Environment-Omics-Diseases Research Centre, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ting Hsu
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Lun Chiang
- Environment-Omics-Diseases Research Centre, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Health Risk Management, College of Management, China Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Jan-Gowth Chang
- Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ming Huang
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Pin Tu
- Department of Public Health and Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Shong Liu
- Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chin Ko
- Environment-Omics-Diseases Research Centre, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Lee WR, Shen SC, Wu PR, Chou CL, Shih YH, Yeh CM, Yeh KT, Jiang MC. CSE1L Links cAMP/PKA and Ras/ERK pathways and regulates the expressions and phosphorylations of ERK1/2, CREB, and MITF in melanoma cells. Mol Carcinog 2015; 55:1542-1552. [PMID: 26331446 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The Ras/ERK (extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase) and cAMP/PKA (protein kinase A) pathways are essential for the transcriptional activities of CREB (cAMP response element binding protein) and MITF (microphthalmia-associated transcription factor) in melanogenesis and the progression of melanoma. However, the interaction between Ras/ERK and cAMP/PKA pathways in the melanogenesis and progression of melanoma is not fully known. Here, we report that CSE1L (chromosome segregation 1-like protein) regulates cAMP/PKA-induced CREB and MITF expressions as well as Ras-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation. IBMX, a cAMP/PKA activator, treatment induced CSE1L phosphorylation and augmented Ras-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation. CSE1L knockdown by CSE1L shRNA expression vectors inhibited Ras-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation and melanogenesis in melanoma cells. CSE1L overexpression increased phospho-CREB expression; CSE1L knockdown also inhibited Ras-induced phospho-CREB, MITF, and tyrosinase expressions, regardless of the presence of IBMX. This study identifies CSE1L links and controls the Ras/ERK and cAMP/PKA pathways in the melanogenesis of melanoma cells. Melanomas frequently develop drug resistance via paradoxical activation of Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK or alternatively activated Ras/ERK and cAMP/PKA pathways. Thus CSE1L may be a potential target for treating melanomas that harbor Ras mutations or are resistant to drugs targeting Raf/MEK/ERK. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woan-Ruoh Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Chuan Shen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ru Wu
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lun Chou
- Department of Dermatology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsien Shih
- Department of Dermatology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Min Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chung Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
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Kuo TM, Luo SY, Chiang SL, Yeh KT, Hsu HT, Wu CT, Lu CY, Tsai MH, Chang JG, Ko YC. Fibrotic Effects of Arecoline N-Oxide in Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders. J Agric Food Chem 2015; 63:5787-5794. [PMID: 26061808 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b01351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The metabolites of environmental chemicals play key roles in carcinogenesis. Areca nut is strongly associated with the development of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) or cancer. The main alkaloid in the areca nut is arecoline, which is highly cytotoxic and genotoxic. Arecoline N-oxide, a metabolite of areca nut alkaloids, which has been identified in animal urine, has been shown to induce mutagenicity in bacteria. In this study, it was found that its protein adduct could be detected in oral keratinocytes treated with areca nut extract. Increased collagen expression and severity of squamous hyperplasia were observed in arecoline N-oxide treated mice. In cultured oral fibroblasts, arecoline N-oxide showed stronger effects on the increase of fibrotic related genes including TGF-beta1, S100A4, MMP-9, IL-6, and fibronectin and a decrease of E-cadherin as compared with arecoline. Finally, arecoline N-oxide stimulation effectively increased the DNA damage marker, gamma-H2A.X, both in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, these results indicate that arecoline N-oxide shows a high potential for the induction of OPMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzer-Min Kuo
- †Environment-Omics-Diseases Research Centre, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- ΘGraduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Yuan Luo
- ‡Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Lun Chiang
- †Environment-Omics-Diseases Research Centre, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- §Department of Health Risk Management, College of Management, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- ΔDepartment of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ting Hsu
- ΔDepartment of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Tien Wu
- ⊥Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yu Lu
- #Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsui Tsai
- ΠDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jan-Gowth Chang
- ⊗Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- ΘGraduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chin Ko
- †Environment-Omics-Diseases Research Centre, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- ΘGraduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a high prevalence of oral cancer in Taiwan, which is associated with betel quid chewing. Gene encoding splicing factors, especially splicing factor 3b subunit 1 (SF3B1), have been shown to be the most highly mutated in various hematological malignancies and have a great influence on clinical outcomes. However, few splicing targets have been identified for oral cancer. The aim of this study was to explore splicing factor 3b subunit 3 (SF3B3) gene mutations in oral cancer. METHODS High resolution melting (HRM) analysis was used to characterize SF3B3 polymorphisms. Genomic DNA was extracted from 78 oral cancer tissues, and every exon from exon 2 to exon 26 of the SF3B3 gene was screened by HRM analysis. All results were confirmed by direct DNA sequencing over the range of codons of interest. RESULTS Only one single nucleotide polymorphism with amino acid substitution was found to change from serine to asparagine at codon 811 (S811N) in exon 18 with an allele frequency of 1.3%. CONCLUSIONS The molecular effects of drugs targeting the splicing factors in various cancers may offer a new perspective for the role in cancer progression and the development of novel antitumor therapy. HRM analysis with direct sequencing over the range of codons of interest is a fast, reliable, accurate, and cost-effective screening method to detect unknown gene mutations.
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Chin SY, Wu PR, Shih YH, Yeh CM, Lee WR, Shen SC, Yeh KT, Jiang MC, Tseng JTP. High expression of cytoplasmic phosphorylated CSE1L in malignant melanoma but not in benign nevi: phosphorylated CSE1L for the discrimination between melanoma and benign nevi. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2015; 8:1393-1401. [PMID: 25973023 PMCID: PMC4396273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma is difficult to treat when it has metastasized. Discrimination between melanoma and benign nevi in melanocytic lesions is crucial for identifying melanomas and consequently improving melanoma treatment and prognosis. The chromosome segregation 1-like (CSE1L) protein has been implicated in cancer progression and is regulated by phosphorylation by extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling, a critical pathway in melanoma progression. We studied phosphorylated CSE1L expression in human melanoma and benign nevi specimens. Immunohistochemistry with tissue microarray using antibody against phosphorylated CSE1L showed that melanomas exhibited considerable staining for phosphorylated CSE1L (100%, 34/34), whereas the benign nevi showed only faint staining (0%, 0/34). Melanomas mainly exhibited cytoplasmic phospho-CSE1L distribution, whereas the benign nevi mainly exhibited nuclear phospho-CSE1L distribution. Moreover, immunohistochemistry with anti-CSE1L antibody revealed that CSE1L mainly exhibited cytoplasmic/nuclear distribution and nuclear distribution was the dominant. Immunofluorescence with B16F10 melanoma cells showed cytoplasmic distribution of phospho-CSE1L and nuclear distribution of CSE1L. Our results indicated that nuclear CSE1L is mainly non-phosphorylated CSE1L and is involved in gene regulation and cytoplasmic CSE1L is mainly phosphorylated CSE1L and is involved in cytoplasmic signaling regulation in melanocytic tumorigenesis. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analysis of cytoplasmic phospho-CSE1L may aid in the diagnosis of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szu-Ying Chin
- Department of Dermatology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical UniversityNew Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical UniversityTaipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical UniversityTaipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ru Wu
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian HospitalChanghua, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical UniversityTaichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsien Shih
- Department of Dermatology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical UniversityNew Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical UniversityTaipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical UniversityTaipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Min Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian HospitalChanghua, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and ManagementMiaoli, Taiwan
| | - Woan-Ruoh Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical UniversityNew Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical UniversityTaipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical UniversityTaipei, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Chuan Shen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical UniversityTaipei, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian HospitalChanghua, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical UniversityTaichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chung Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical UniversityNew Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Jonathan Te-Peng Tseng
- Department of Dermatology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical UniversityNew Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical UniversityTaipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical UniversityTaipei, Taiwan
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Lu JW, Ho YJ, Lin LI, Huang YC, Yeh KT, Lin YH, Lin YM, Tzeng TY. JMJD2B as a potential diagnostic immunohistochemical marker for hepatocellular carcinoma: a tissue microarray-based study. Acta Histochem 2015; 117:14-9. [PMID: 25533242 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2014] [Revised: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine JMJD2B expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and elucidate relationships between various expression patterns and clinicopathological parameters of HCC patients. Immunohistochemical techniques were performed to detect JMJD2B expression in a tissue microarray from patients with breast, cerebrum, colon, esophagus, kidney, liver, lung, prostate, stomach, and uterus cancers. We performed immunohistochemical staining of a multiple tissue array to examine the expression profile of JMJD2B. Our results demonstrate that JMJD2B protein levels were upregulated in malignant human tumors, including breast, colon, liver, and lung. Immunohistochemistry staining examination of liver tumor tissue microarray revealed that the expression of JMJD2B is significant according to the histological grade and TNM stage of liver tumor. Moreover, JMJD2B was also correlated with Ki-67 expression in HCC samples. These results reveal that JMJD2B is dramatically upregulated in HCC, making it a potential diagnostic marker for the further development of HCC treatment therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeng-Wei Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jung Ho
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Liang-In Lin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chi Huang
- Department of Styling & Cosmetology, Hsin Sheng Junior College of Medical Care and Management, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsiang Lin
- VYM Genome Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan.
| | - Tsai-Yu Tzeng
- VYM Genome Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Sung WW, Lin YM, Wu PR, Yen HH, Lai HW, Su TC, Huang RH, Wen CK, Chen CY, Chen CJ, Yeh KT. High nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio of Cdk1 expression predicts poor prognosis in colorectal cancer patients. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:951. [PMID: 25511643 PMCID: PMC4302138 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cdk1 (cyclin-dependent kinase 1) is critical regulator of the G2-M checkpoint. Cyclin-dependent kinase pathways are considered possible targets for cancer treatment; however, the prognostic role of Cdk1 in colorectal cancer is still controversial. Therefore, we attempted to determine the impact of Cdk1 on the clinical outcome of colorectal cancer patients to further identify its role in colorectal cancer. Methods Cdk1 immunoreactivity was analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 164 cancer specimens from primary colorectal cancer patients. The medium follow-up time after surgery was 3.7 years (range: 0.01 to 13.10 years). The prognostic value of Cdk1 on overall survival was determined by Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazard models. Results All samples displayed detectable Cdk1 expression with predominant location in the cytoplasm and nucleus. A high Cdk1 nuclear/cytoplasmic (N/C) expression ratio was correlated with poor overall survival (5-year survival rate: 26.3% vs 46.9%, N/C ratio ≥1.5 vs N/C ratio <1.5, log-rank p = 0.027). Accordingly, a Cdk1 N/C expression ratio ≥1.5 was identified as an independent risk factor by multivariate analysis (hazard ratio = 1.712, P = 0.039). Conclusions We suggest that Cdk1 N/C expression ratio determined by IHC staining could be an independent prognostic marker for colorectal cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2407-14-951) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Chih-Jung Chen
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichuang, Taiwan.
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Feng YH, Wu CL, Tsao CJ, Chang JG, Lu PJ, Yeh KT, Uen YH, Lee JC, Shiau AL. Deregulated expression of sprouty2 and microRNA-21 in human colon cancer: Correlation with the clinical stage of the disease. Cancer Biol Ther 2014; 11:111-21. [DOI: 10.4161/cbt.11.1.13965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Cheng JY, Wang SH, Lin J, Tsai YC, Yu J, Wu JC, Hung JT, Lin JJ, Wu YY, Yeh KT, Yu AL. Globo-H Ceramide Shed from Cancer Cells Triggers Translin-Associated Factor X-Dependent Angiogenesis. Cancer Res 2014; 74:6856-66. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-1651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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