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Lin X, He J, Liu F, Li L, Sun L, Niu L, Xi H, Zhan Y, Liu X, Hu P. β‑adrenergic receptor activation promotes the proliferation of HepG2 cells via the ERK1/2/CREB pathways. Oncol Lett 2023; 26:519. [PMID: 37927415 PMCID: PMC10623085 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.14106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary liver cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed malignant tumors seen in clinics, and typically exhibits aggressive invasive behaviors, a poor prognosis, and is associated with high mortality rates. Long-term stress exposure causes norepinephrine (NE) release and activates the β-Adrenergic receptor (β-AR), which in turn exacerbates the occurrence and development of different types of cancers; however, the molecular mechanisms of β-AR in liver cancer are not fully understood. In the present study, reverse transcription (RT)-PCR and RT-quantitative PCR showed that β-AR expression was upregulated in human liver cancer cells (HepG2) compared with normal liver cells (LO2). Moreover, NE treatment promoted the growth of HepG2 cells, which could be blocked by propranolol, a β-AR antagonist. Notably, NE had no significant effect on the migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in HepG2 cells. Further experiments revealed that NE increased the phosphorylation levels of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding protein (CREB), while inhibition of ERK1/2 and CREB activation significantly blocked NE-induced cell proliferation. In summary, the findings of the present study suggested that β-adrenergic receptor activation promoted the proliferation of HepG2 cells through ERK1/2/CREB signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingcheng Lin
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330001, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing He
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330001, P.R. China
| | - Fuhong Liu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330001, P.R. China
| | - Lehui Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330001, P.R. China
| | - Longhua Sun
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Liyan Niu
- Huan Kui College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330001, P.R. China
| | - Haolin Xi
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330001, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Zhan
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Department of Nursing, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Ping Hu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330001, P.R. China
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Qin XD, Yang TQ, Zeng JH, Cai HB, Qi SH, Jiang JJ, Cheng Y, Xu LS, Bu F. Overexpression of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 in endothelial cells reduces blood-brain barrier injury in a mouse model of ischemic stroke. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:1743-1749. [PMID: 36751800 PMCID: PMC10154501 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.363836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke can cause blood-brain barrier (BBB) injury, which worsens brain damage induced by stroke. Abnormal expression of tight junction proteins in endothelial cells (ECs) can increase intracellular space and BBB leakage. Selective inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase, the negative regulatory substrate of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase (MKP)-1, improves tight junction protein function in ECs, and genetic deletion of MKP-1 aggravates ischemic brain injury. However, whether the latter affects BBB integrity, and the cell type-specific mechanism underlying this process, remain unclear. In this study, we established an adult male mouse model of ischemic stroke by occluding the middle cerebral artery for 60 minutes and overexpressed MKP-1 in ECs on the injured side via lentiviral transfection before stroke. We found that overexpression of MKP-1 in ECs reduced infarct volume, reduced the level of inflammatory factors interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and chemokine C-C motif ligand-2, inhibited vascular injury, and promoted the recovery of sensorimotor and memory/cognitive function. Overexpression of MKP-1 in ECs also inhibited the activation of cerebral ischemia-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 and the downregulation of occludin expression. Finally, to investigate the mechanism by which MKP-1 exerted these functions in ECs, we established an ischemic stroke model in vitro by depriving the primary endothelial cell of oxygen and glucose, and pharmacologically inhibited the activity of MKP-1 and ERK1/2. Our findings suggest that MKP-1 inhibition aggravates oxygen and glucose deprivation-induced cell death, cell monolayer leakage, and downregulation of occludin expression, and that inhibiting ERK1/2 can reverse these effects. In addition, co-inhibition of MKP-1 and ERK1/2 exhibited similar effects to inhibition of ERK1/2. These findings suggest that overexpression of MKP-1 in ECs can prevent ischemia-induced occludin downregulation and cell death via deactivating ERK1/2, thereby protecting the integrity of BBB, alleviating brain injury, and improving post-stroke prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-De Qin
- Department of Neurology & Psychology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tai-Qin Yang
- Department of Neurology & Psychology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jing-Hui Zeng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hao-Bin Cai
- Department of Neurology & Psychology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shao-Hua Qi
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jian-Jun Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ying Cheng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Long-Sheng Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Fan Bu
- Department of Neurology & Psychology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
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3
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Ge XY, Shao LL, Gao XL, He RX. [ Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase 1/2 Signaling Regulates Cell Invasion:a Review]. Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao 2023; 45:155-160. [PMID: 36861170 DOI: 10.3881/j.issn.1000-503x.14640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) is a serine/threoninekinase involved in the signal transduction cascade of Ras-Raf-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK)-ERK.It participates in the cell growth,proliferation and even invasion by regulating gene transcription and expression.The occurrence of a variety of diseases such as lung cancer,liver cancer,ovarian cancer,cervical cancer,endometriosis,and preeclampsia,as well the metastasis and disease progression,is closely associated with the regulation of cell invasion by ERK1/2 signaling pathway.Therefore,exploring the regulation of ERK1/2 signaling on cell invasion and its role in pathogenesis of diseases may help to develop more effective treatment schemes.This article introduces recent progress in the regulation of ERK1/2 signaling on cell invasion and the role of such regulation in diseases,with a view to give new insights into the clinical treatment of ERK 1/2-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Ying Ge
- Obstetrics Department of Lanzhou University Second Hospital,The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730030,China
| | - Lu-Lu Shao
- Obstetrics Department of Lanzhou University Second Hospital,The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730030,China
| | - Xue-Lin Gao
- Obstetrics Department of Lanzhou University Second Hospital,The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730030,China
| | - Rong-Xia He
- Obstetrics Department of Lanzhou University Second Hospital,The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730030,China
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Garay Guerrero J, Ishida E, Shibusawa N, Lei X, Yamada S, Horiguchi K, Yamada M. Role of Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone in Regulating Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 in Mouse Pancreatic β Cells. Thyroid 2023; 33:251-260. [PMID: 36333931 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2022.0144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background: Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) is primarily produced in the hypothalamus and regulates the thyrotropin secretion from the pituitary. TRH is distributed ubiquitously in the extrahypothalamic region, especially in pancreatic islets, while its physiological role remains nebulous. We have previously established a TRH-deficient mouse model, and showed impaired glucose tolerance and downregulated expression of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) in islets. Recent studies have demonstrated the physiological roles of pancreatic FGF21. Therefore, in this study, we elucidate the direct functions of TRH in pancreatic islets via the regulation of FGF21. Methods: To explore the functions of TRH in pancreatic islets, a microarray analysis using isolated islets from TRH-knockout mice was conducted. The regulatory mechanism of TRH in pancreatic FGF21 was investigated using islet cell lines; reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were used to determine the mRNA and protein expression levels of FGF21 in pancreatic islets and islet cell lines. Induction of FGF21 expression by TRH treatment was examined in vitro. To identify the transcription factors binding to the region responsible for TRH-induced stimulation of the FGF21 promoter, electromobility shift assays were conducted. Results: Among the detected and considerably changed genes in microarray, FGF21 was the most consistently downregulated in TRH-deficient mice islets. FGF21 was strongly co-expressed with insulin in mouse islets, and TRH stimulated endogenous Fgf21 mRNA expression in the islet cell line βHC9. The E-box site in the FGF21 promoter was responsible for TRH-induced stimulation via the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 signaling pathway. The transcription factor upstream stimulatory factor 1 (USF1) could specifically bind to the E-box site. Overexpression of USF1 increased FGF21 promoter activity. Conclusion: FGF21 was transcriptionally upregulated by TRH through the ERK1/2 and USF1 pathways in pancreatic β cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Garay Guerrero
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Emi Ishida
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Shibusawa
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Xiao Lei
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Sayaka Yamada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Horiguchi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Masanobu Yamada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
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Zhao Y, Pu G, Li Y, Jiang H, Zhang Q, Chen P, Lu Q, Wang M, Yang R. Serum Levels of CXCR4, SDF-1, MCP-1, NF-κB and ERK1/2 in Patients with Skeletal Fluorosis. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:16555. [PMID: 36554439 PMCID: PMC9778822 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4), stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) affect bone cells and play an important role in bone and joint diseases, but the data on CXCR4, SDF-1, MCP-1, ERK1/2 and NF-κB in the serum of skeletal fluorosis (SF) patients are inconclusive. Thus, according to the "Diagnostic Criteria for Endemic Skeletal Fluorosis" (WS 192-2008), we enrolled patients with SF (n = 60) as the SF group and those without SF as the controls (n = 60). Serum levels of CXCR4, SDF-1, MCP-1, ERK1/2 and NF-κB were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). Serum SDF-1, CXCR4, MCP-1 and NF-κB levels were significantly higher in the SF group than in the control group. Within the serum of SF patients, CXCR4 and SDF-1 levels were positively correlated with NF-κB levels. There was no correlation between MCP-1 levels and those of ERK1/2 or NF-κB. SDF-1 and CXCR4 may activate the NF-κB pathway, and MCP-1 affects the occurrence and development of SF by regulating osteocytes through other pathways. The SDF-1/CXCR4 axis and MCP-1 signalling pathway provide a new theoretical basis for the occurrence and development of SF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqian Zhao
- Department of Public Health, Medical College, Qinghai University, Xi’ning 810016, China
- Department of Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Qinghai Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Xi’ning 811602, China
| | - Guanglan Pu
- Department of Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Qinghai Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Xi’ning 811602, China
| | - Yanan Li
- Department of Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Qinghai Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Xi’ning 811602, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Qinghai Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Xi’ning 811602, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Public Health, Medical College, Qinghai University, Xi’ning 810016, China
- Department of Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Qinghai Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Xi’ning 811602, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Qinghai Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Xi’ning 811602, China
| | - Qing Lu
- Department of Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Qinghai Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Xi’ning 811602, China
| | - Mingjun Wang
- Department of Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Qinghai Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Xi’ning 811602, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Public Health, Medical College, Qinghai University, Xi’ning 810016, China
- Department of Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Qinghai Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Xi’ning 811602, China
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Zhang N, Zhu H, Li Z, Dong E. A novel β 2-AR agonist, Higenamine, induces β-arrestin-biased signaling. Sci China Life Sci 2021; 65:1357-1368. [PMID: 34783996 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-021-2008-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The biased ligands in G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have opened new avenues for developing safer and more effective drugs. However, the identification of such biased ligands as drug candidates is highly desirable. Here, we report that Higenamine, a compound isolated from a Chinese herb, functions as a novel β-arrestin-biased ligand of the β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR). The radioligand binding assays demonstrated that Higenamine was the ligand of β2-AR. Higenamine induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), which can be blocked by propranolol, an inhibitor of β2-AR. The Gi protein inhibitor, pertussis toxin, had no effect on the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 induced by Higenamine. Furthermore, Higenamine induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation through transactivation of Epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR). We also found that Higenamine-induced-ERK1/2 phosphorylation is dependent on β-arrestin1/2, and HG inhibits Doxorubicin-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Our results identify Higenamine as a novel biased ligand via the β-arrestin-dependent pathway. These findings give us a better understanding of Higenamine's potential role in designing diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines; Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study; Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Haibo Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines; Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study; Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Zijian Li
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, China. .,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Erdan Dong
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health, Beijing, 100191, China
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Al-Ahmadi W, Webberley TS, Joseph A, Harris F, Chan YH, Alotibi R, Williams JO, Alahmadi A, Decker T, Hughes TR, Ramji DP. Pro-atherogenic actions of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 serine 727 phosphorylation in LDL receptor deficient mice via modulation of plaque inflammation. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21892. [PMID: 34569651 PMCID: PMC9549671 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100571rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the vasculature regulated by cytokines. We have previously shown that extracellular signal‐regulated kinase‐1/2 (ERK1/2) plays an important role in serine 727 phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription‐1 (STAT1) transactivation domain, which is required for maximal interferon‐γ signaling, and the regulation of modified LDL uptake by macrophages in vitro. Unfortunately, the roles of ERK1/2 and STAT1 serine 727 phosphorylation in atherosclerosis are poorly understood and were investigated using ERK1 deficient mice (ERK2 knockout mice die in utero) and STAT1 knock‐in mice (serine 727 replaced by alanine; STAT1 S727A). Mouse Atherosclerosis RT² Profiler PCR Array analysis showed that ERK1 deficiency and STAT1 S727A modification produced significant changes in the expression of 18 and 49 genes, respectively, in bone marrow‐derived macrophages, with 17 common regulated genes that included those that play key roles in inflammation and cell migration. Indeed, ERK1 deficiency and STAT1 S727A modification attenuated chemokine‐driven migration of macrophages with the former also impacting proliferation and the latter phagocytosis. In LDL receptor deficient mice fed a high fat diet, both ERK1 deficiency and STAT1 S727A modification produced significant reduction in plaque lipid content, albeit at different time points. The STAT1 S727A modification additionally caused a significant reduction in plaque content of macrophages and CD3 T cells and diet‐induced cardiac hypertrophy index. In addition, there was a significant increase in plasma IL‐2 levels and a trend toward increase in plasma IL‐5 levels. These studies demonstrate important roles of STAT1 S727 phosphorylation in particular in the regulation of atherosclerosis‐associated macrophage processes in vitro together with plaque lipid content and inflammation in vivo, and support further assessment of its therapeutical potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alex Joseph
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Ffion Harris
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Yee-Hung Chan
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Reem Alotibi
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Alaa Alahmadi
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Thomas Decker
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Timothy R Hughes
- Systems Immunity Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Dipak P Ramji
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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Li B, Zhou M, Wang J, Xu H, Yang M. Suppressing ERK Pathway Impairs Glycochenodeoxycholate-Mediated Survival and Drug-Resistance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. Front Oncol 2021; 11:663944. [PMID: 34327135 PMCID: PMC8313996 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.663944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycochenodeoxycholate (GCDA), a toxic component in bile salts, is involved in carcinogenesis of gastrointestinal tumors. The objective of this research was to study the function of ERK1/2 in the GCDA-mediated survival and drug-resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HCCs). Firstly, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) was detected extensively expressed in liver cancer cells, and silencing ERK1/2 by RNA interference could suppress GCDA-stimulated survival and promote apoptosis. Furthermore, phosphorylation of endogenous ERK1/2 could be potently stimulated by GCDA in combination with enhanced chemoresistance in QGY-7703 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. The GCDA-mediated proliferation and chemoresistance could be impaired by PD98059, which acted as an inhibitor to block the phosphorylation of ERK1/2. Mechanistically, PD98059 was able to potently suppress GCDA-stimulated nuclear aggregation of ERK1/2 and p-ERK1/2, upregulate pro-survival protein Mcl-1 and downregulate pro-apoptotic protein Bim. The results of this study indicated that disruption of ERK1/2 by blocking phosphorylation or nuclear translocation may put forward new methods for solving the problem of GCDA-related proliferation and drug-resistance in liver cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingxin Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Nanobiological Technology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Maojun Zhou
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, National Center for Geriatrics Clinical Research, State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jue Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Nanobiological Technology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongjuan Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Nanobiological Technology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Manyi Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Nanobiological Technology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Chen HL, Lan YW, Tu MY, Tung YT, Chan MNY, Wu HS, Yen CC, Chen CM. Kefir peptides exhibit antidepressant-like activity in mice through the BDNF/TrkB pathway. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:6415-6430. [PMID: 33741171 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-19222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Depression is a prevalent, stress-related mental disorder that can lead to serious psychiatric diseases with morbidity and high mortality. Although some functional fermented dairy drinks have promising anxiolytic and antidepressant effects, the mechanism is still not clear. To determine the antidepressant-like effect and the potential molecule mechanism of kefir peptides (KP), various behavioral tests, including the elevated plus maze test, open field test, forced swimming test, and tail suspension test, were used. Administration of 150 mg/kg KP in mice reduced the duration of immobility in the forced swimming test and tail suspension test, elevated the time spent in the open arm and center zone in the elevated plus maze test, and increased the total distance traveled, average speed, and time spent in the center zone in the open field test compared with the mock group. These results indicated that KP dramatically ameliorated the depression-like behaviors. Kefir peptides were further isolated and identified using high-performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, from which 3 peptides were identified and designated KFP-1, KFP-3, and KFP-5. Among these peptides, administration of KFP-3 (15 AA residues) remarkably decreased immobility time in the forced swimming test and increased mobility time in the tail suspension test. Therefore, KFP-3 may be the major active peptide with antidepressant activity in KP. Overexpression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, phosphorylated tropomyosin receptor kinase B, and phosphorylated ERK1/2 protein levels could be detected in the hippocampus under KP administration. Therefore, we suggest that KP improves depressive-like behaviors by activating the brain-derived neurotrophic factor-phosphorylated tropomyosin receptor kinase B signaling pathway. Kefir peptides may serve as a new type of antidepressant dairy product and may provide potent antidepressant effects for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Ling Chen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Da-Yeh University, Changhwa 515, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Wei Lan
- Department of Life Sciences, and PhD Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Min-Yu Tu
- Department of Health Business Administration, Meiho University, Pingtung 912, Taiwan; Aviation Physiology Research Laboratory, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital Gangshan Branch, Kaohsiung 820, Taiwan; Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tang Tung
- Department of Life Sciences, and PhD Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Megan Ning-Yu Chan
- Division of Structural Biology and Biochemistry, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Hsin-Shan Wu
- Department of Life Sciences, and PhD Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Yen
- Department of Life Sciences, and PhD Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, and College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Mu Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, and PhD Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, and Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
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Ma Y, Yang W, Ren P, Li X, Jin J, Dai Y, Pan Y, Jiang L, Fan H, Zhang Y, Zhang S. Lysophosphatidic acid improves oocyte quality during IVM by activating the ERK1/2 pathway in cumulus cells and oocytes. Mol Hum Reprod 2021; 27:6263839. [PMID: 33944929 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaab032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oocyte IVM technology is an option for fertility preservation in some groups of patients, such as those with polycystic ovary syndrome, patients with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, and for patients with cancer. However, the developmental potential of oocytes from IVM still needs to improve. Several previous studies have reported that lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) promotes glucose metabolism, cumulus cell (CC) expansion, and oocyte nuclear maturation. However, the effect of LPA on oocyte cytoplasmic maturation, particularly mitochondrial function, has rarely been studied and the underlying mechanism is largely unknown, which impedes (pre)clinical applications of LPA. In this study, cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) and cumulus-denuded germinal vesicle oocytes (DOs) were treated with various concentrations of LPA during IVM, in the presence or absence of the oxidative stressor cyclophosphamide (CTX). In both normal and CTX-damaged COCs, the 25 μM LPA group exhibited improved CC expansion capacity, a higher nuclear maturation rate, and superior mitochondrial function, compared to no LPA treatment. When the concentration of LPA was over 40 μM, detrimental effects of LPA on oocyte maturation occurred. Compared with COCs, the addition of LPA slightly improved oocyte nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation of DOs, but this was not statistically significant. We observed that LPA promotes the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2, although this was not statistically significant in DOs. Furthermore, LPA could not reverse the negative effect of CC expansion and mitochondrial function after inactivation of ERK1/2 by U0126. RNA-sequencing and RT-PCR results showed that LPA upregulated several ERK1/2 downstream genes related to CC expansion, such as Areg, Cited4, and Ptgs2. This study demonstrates that LPA improves oocyte quality during IVM through the activation of ERK1/2 pathway CCs and oocytes, which provides evidence for the potential addition of LPA to IVM medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yerong Ma
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weijie Yang
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peipei Ren
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiamin Jin
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongdong Dai
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yibin Pan
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingling Jiang
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hengyu Fan
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yinli Zhang
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Songying Zhang
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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11
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Tseng YS, Wu PR, Lu JW, Wang YF, Yeh KT, Lin SH. Cytoplasmic phosphorylated ERK1/2 expression in patients with melanoma is associated with tumor stage and metastasis. Biotech Histochem 2021; 97:118-125. [PMID: 33902381 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2021.1912827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the cause of most deaths from skin cancer. The extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) pathway has been reported to participate in progression of melanoma in fair skinned populations. ERK1/2 is found in both the cytoplasm and nucleus of cells, and phosphorylated ERK1/2 has been implicated in tumor progression. We investigated the relation between melanoma progression and expression of cytoplasmic and nuclear phosphorylated ERK1/2. We examined 34 surgically resected melanomas and investigated their clinicopathologic characteristics. We found immunostaining of phosphorylated ERK1/2 in all melanomas and faint staining in benign nevi. We found expression of cytoplasmic phosphorylated ERK1/2 in most melanomas; however, nuclear phosphorylated ERK1/2 expression was found in only five melanomas. Expression of cytoplasmic phosphorylated ERK1/2 was related to the tumor stage in melanoma. Nine of 10 cases of distant metastasis were positive for cytoplasmic phosphorylated ERK1/2. Our findings suggest that phosphorylated ERK1/2 expression is relevant to clinical pathology and that in melanoma patients, phosphorylated ERK1/2 expression is found in both the cytoplasm and nucleus. Our findings suggest that cytoplasmic phosphorylated ERK1/2 participates in progression of melanoma and that it could be a useful target for clinical treatment of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Shuo Tseng
- Department of Dermatology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ru Wu
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Cheng Ching Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Wei Lu
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yu-Fen Wang
- Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hui Lin
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
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12
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Shi ZF, Fang Q, Chen Y, Xu LX, Wu M, Jia M, Lu Y, Wang XX, Wang YJ, Yan X, Dong LP, Yuan F. Methylene blue ameliorates brain edema in rats with experimental ischemic stroke via inhibiting aquaporin 4 expression. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:382-392. [PMID: 32665706 PMCID: PMC8027449 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-0468-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain edema is a common and serious complication of ischemic stroke with limited effective treatment. We previously reported that methylene blue (MB) attenuated ischemic brain edema in rats, but the underlying mechanisms remained unknown. Aquaporin 4 (AQP4) in astrocytes plays a key role in brain edema. We also found that extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) activation was involved in the regulation of AQP4 expression in astrocytes. In the present study, we investigated whether AQP4 and ERK1/2 were involved in the protective effect of MB against cerebral edema. Rats were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO), MB (3 mg/kg, for 30 min) was infused intravenously through the tail vein started immediately after reperfusion and again at 3 h after ischemia (1.5 mg/kg, for 15 min). Brain edema was determined by MRI at 0.5, 2.5, and 48 h after tMCAO. The decreases of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values on diffusion-weighted MRI indicated cytotoxic brain edema, whereas the increase of T2 MRI values reflected vasogenic brain edema. We found that MB infusion significantly ameliorated cytotoxic brain edema at 2.5 and 48 h after tMCAO and decreased vasogenic brain edema at 48 h after tMCAO. In addition, MB infusion blocked the AQP4 increases and ERK1/2 activation in the cerebral cortex in ischemic penumbra at 48 h after tMCAO. In a cell swelling model established in cultured rat astrocyte exposed to glutamate (1 mM), we consistently found that MB (10 μM) attenuated cell swelling, AQP4 increases and ERK1/2 activation. Moreover, the ERK1/2 inhibitor U0126 (10 μM) had the similar effects as MB. These results demonstrate that MB improves brain edema and astrocyte swelling, which may be mediated by the inhibition of AQP4 expression via ERK1/2 pathway, suggesting that MB may be a potential choice for the treatment of brain edema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Fang Shi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Qing Fang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Ye Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Li-Xin Xu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Mei Jia
- Department of Pathophysiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Xiao-Xuan Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Yu-Jiao Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Xu Yan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Li-Ping Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Fang Yuan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury, Beijing, 100070, China.
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13
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Zhang Y, Weng Q, Chen J, Li M, Han J. Oroxylin A attenuates IL-1β-induced inflammatory reaction via inhibiting the activation of the ERK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways in osteoarthritis chondrocytes. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:388. [PMID: 33680110 PMCID: PMC7918508 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by degradation of the articular cartilage, synovium inflammation, subchondral bone sclerosis and osteophyte formation. OA is the most common degenerative joint disorder among the elderly population. In particular, currently available therapeutic strategies, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may cause severe side-effects. Therefore, novel candidate targets for OA therapy are urgently needed. Oroxylin A (OrA) is a natural mono-flavonoid that can be extracted from Scutellariae radix. The present study aimed to investigate the potential effects of OrA on interleukin (IL)-1β-induced chondrocytes inflammatory reactions. The current study performed quantitative PCR, western blotting and cell immunofluorescence to evaluate the effect of Oroxylin A in chondrocyte inflammation. The results demonstrated that OrA significantly attenuated the upregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase 2 by IL-1β at both protein and mRNA levels. IL-1β-stimulated upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 and MMP-13 expression, in addition to disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS)-4 and ADAMTS-5 expression, were all inhibited by OrA. Treatment with OrA significantly reversed the degradation of type II collagen and aggrecan by IL-1β. Mechanistically, OrA suppressed the IL-1β induced activation of ERK1/2 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. In conclusion, these findings suggest that OrA can serve as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- Department of Trauma Orthopedics, Ningbo No. 6 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315000, P.R. China
| | - Qiuyan Weng
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315000, P.R. China
| | - Jianming Chen
- Department of Trauma Orthopedics, Ningbo No. 6 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315000, P.R. China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Trauma Orthopedics, Ningbo No. 6 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315000, P.R. China
| | - Jinming Han
- Department of Spine, Ningbo No. 6 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315000, P.R. China
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14
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Furukawa Y, Okuyama S, Amakura Y, Sawamoto A, Nakajima M, Yoshimura M, Igase M, Fukuda N, Tamai T, Yoshida T. Isolation and Characterization of Neuroprotective Components from Citrus Peel and Their Application as Functional Food. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2021; 69:2-10. [PMID: 33390517 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c20-00265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The elderly experience numerous physiological alterations. In the brain, aging causes degeneration or loss of distinct populations of neurons, resulting in declining cognitive function, locomotor capability, etc. The pathogenic factors of such neurodegeneration are oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, reduced energy homeostatis, decreased levels of neurotrophic factor, etc. On the other hand, numerous studies have investigated various biologically active substances in fruit and vegetables. We focused on the peel of citrus fruit to search for neuroprotective components and found that: 1) 3,5,6,7,8,3',4'-heptamethoxyflavone (HMF) and auraptene (AUR) in the peel of Kawachi Bankan (Citrus kawachiensis) exert neuroprotective effects; 2) both HMF and AUR can pass through the blood-brain barrier, suggesting that they act directly in the brain; 3) the content of AUR in the peel of K. Bankan was exceptionally high, and consequently the oral administration of the dried peel powder of K. Bankan exerts neuroprotective effects; and 4) intake of K. Bankan juice, which was enriched in AUR by adding peel paste to the raw juice, contributed to the prevention of cognitive dysfunction in aged healthy volunteers. This review summarizes our studies in terms of the isolation/characterization of HMF and AUR in K. Bankan peel, analysis of their actions in the brain, mechanisms of their actions, and trials to develop food that retains their functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiko Furukawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | - Satoshi Okuyama
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | - Yoshiaki Amakura
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | - Atsushi Sawamoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | - Mitsunari Nakajima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | - Morio Yoshimura
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | - Michiya Igase
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Neurology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | | | - Takashi Yoshida
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
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15
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Wang T, Cao L, He S, Long K, Wang X, Yu H, Ma B, Xu X, Li W. Small RNA sequencing reveals a novel tsRNA-06018 playing an important role during adipogenic differentiation of hMSCs. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:12736-12749. [PMID: 32939933 PMCID: PMC7686998 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Transfer RNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs), a novel type of non-coding RNA derivative, are able to regulate a wide range of biological processes. What role these tsRNAs play in the regulation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (hMSCs) adipogenic differentiation remains uncertain. We induced the adipogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal cells (hMSCs) and then performed small RNA transcriptomic sequencing, leading us to identify tsRNA-06018 as a target of interest based upon resultant the tsRNA expression profiles. When tsRNA-06018 was knocked down, this led to the inhibition of adipogenesis and a decrease in adipogenic marker expression. When STC2 was overexpressed, this impaired the adipogenic differentiation of these cells. We further used luciferase reporter assays to confirm that tsRNA-06018 directly binds the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of STC2. In addition, we determined that both knocking down tsRNA-06018 and overexpressing STC2 increased extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) phosphorylation within cells. We also assessed that the adipogenic differentiation of hMSCs in which tsRNA-06018 was knocked down was further enhanced upon the addition of the ERK1/2 inhibitor U0126 as compared tsRNA-06018 knockdown alone. Taken together, using small RNA sequencing we profiled tsRNAs in hMSCs during the process of adipogenesis, leading us to identify tsRNA-06018 as a novel regulator of this differentiation process. This tsRNA was able to regulate adipogenic differentiation by targeting STC2 via the ERK1/2 signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Key Laboratory of System Bio‐medicine of Jiangxi ProvinceJiujiang UniversityJiujiangChina
| | - Lingling Cao
- Department of EndocrinologyJiujiang Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang UniversityJiujiangChina
| | - Shan He
- Key Laboratory of System Bio‐medicine of Jiangxi ProvinceJiujiang UniversityJiujiangChina
| | - Kai Long
- Key Laboratory of System Bio‐medicine of Jiangxi ProvinceJiujiang UniversityJiujiangChina
| | - Xinping Wang
- Key Laboratory of System Bio‐medicine of Jiangxi ProvinceJiujiang UniversityJiujiangChina
| | - Hui Yu
- Key Laboratory of System Bio‐medicine of Jiangxi ProvinceJiujiang UniversityJiujiangChina
| | - Baicheng Ma
- Key Laboratory of System Bio‐medicine of Jiangxi ProvinceJiujiang UniversityJiujiangChina
| | - Xiaoyuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of System Bio‐medicine of Jiangxi ProvinceJiujiang UniversityJiujiangChina
| | - Weidong Li
- Key Laboratory of System Bio‐medicine of Jiangxi ProvinceJiujiang UniversityJiujiangChina
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16
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Urushihara M, Kondo S, Kinoshita Y, Ozaki N, Jamba A, Nagai T, Fujioka K, Hattori T, Kagami S. (Pro)renin receptor promotes crescent formation via the ERK1/2 and Wnt/β-catenin pathways in glomerulonephritis. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2020; 319:F571-F578. [PMID: 32830537 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00250.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
(Pro)renin receptor [(P)RR] has multiple functions, but its regulation and role in the pathogenesis in glomerulonephritis (GN) are poorly defined. The aims of the present study were to determine the effects of direct renin inhibition (DRI) and demonstrate the role of (P)RR on the progression of crescentic GN. The anti-glomerular basement membrane nephritis rat model developed progressive proteinuria (83.64 ± 10.49 mg/day) and glomerular crescent formation (percent glomerular crescent: 62.1 ± 2.3%) accompanied by increased macrophage infiltration and glomerular expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, (P)RR, phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2, Wnt4, and active β-catenin. Treatment with DRI ameliorated proteinuria (20.33 ± 5.88 mg/day) and markedly reduced glomerular crescent formation (20.9 ± 2.6%), induction of macrophage infiltration, (P)RR, phospho-ERK1/2, Wnt4, and active β-catenin. Furthermore, primary cultured parietal epithelial cells stimulated by recombinant prorenin showed significant increases in cell proliferation. Notably, while the ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059 or (P)RR-specific siRNA treatment abolished the elevation in cell proliferation, DRI treatment did not abrogate this elevation. Moreover, cultured mesangial cells showed an increase in prorenin-induced MCP-1 expression. Interestingly, (P)RR or Wnt4-specific siRNA treatment or the β-catenin antagonist XAV939 inhibited the elevation of MCP-1 expression, whereas DRI did not. These results suggest that (P)RR regulates glomerular crescent formation via the ERK1/2 signaling and Wnt/β-catenin pathways during the course of anti-glomerular basement membrane nephritis and that DRI mitigates the progression of crescentic GN through the reduction of (P)RR expression but not inhibition of prorenin binding to (P)RR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maki Urushihara
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Health Biosciences, The Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Shuji Kondo
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Health Biosciences, The Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yukiko Kinoshita
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Health Biosciences, The Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Natsuko Ozaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Health Biosciences, The Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Ariunbold Jamba
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Health Biosciences, The Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Takashi Nagai
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Health Biosciences, The Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Keisuke Fujioka
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Health Biosciences, The Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Tomoki Hattori
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Health Biosciences, The Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Shoji Kagami
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Health Biosciences, The Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
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17
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Murtaza B, Hichami A, Khan AS, Shimpukade B, Ulven T, Ozdener MH, Khan NA. Novel GPR120 agonist TUG891 modulates fat taste perception and preference and activates tongue-brain-gut axis in mice. J Lipid Res 2019; 61:133-142. [PMID: 31806728 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.ra119000142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
GPR120 is implicated as a lipid receptor in the oro-sensory detection of dietary fatty acids. However, the effects of GPR120 activation on dietary fat intake or obesity are not clearly understood. We investigated to determine whether the binding of TUG891, a novel GPR120 agonist, to lingual GPR120 modulates fat preference in mice. We explored the effects of TUG891 on obesity-related hormones and conducted behavioral choice tests on mice to better understand the physiologic relevance of the action of TUG891. In cultured mouse and human taste bud cells (TBCs), TUG891 induced a rapid increase in Ca2+ by acting on GPR120. A long-chain dietary fatty acid, linoleic acid (LA), also recruited Ca2+ via GPR120 in human and mouse TBCs. Both TUG891 and LA induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation and enhanced in vitro release of glucagon-like peptide-1 from cultured human and mouse TBCs. In situ application of TUG891 onto the tongue of anesthetized mice triggered the secretion of pancreatobiliary juice, probably via the tongue-brain-gut axis. Furthermore, lingual application of TUG891 altered circulating concentrations of cholecystokinin and adipokines, associated with decreased circulating LDL, in conscious mice. In behavioral tests, mice exhibited a spontaneous preference for solutions containing either TUG891 or LA instead of a control. However, addition of TUG891 to a solution containing LA significantly curtailed fatty acid preference. Our study demonstrates that TUG891 binds to lingual GPR120 receptors, activates the tongue-brain-gut axis, and modulates fat preference. These findings may support the development of new fat taste analogs that can change the approach to obesity prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babar Murtaza
- Physiologie de la Nutrition & Toxicologie, U1231 INSERM/Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté (UBFC)/Agro-Sup, Dijon, France
| | - Aziz Hichami
- Physiologie de la Nutrition & Toxicologie, U1231 INSERM/Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté (UBFC)/Agro-Sup, Dijon, France
| | - Amira S Khan
- Physiologie de la Nutrition & Toxicologie, U1231 INSERM/Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté (UBFC)/Agro-Sup, Dijon, France
| | - Bharat Shimpukade
- Departments of Physics, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Trond Ulven
- Departments of Physics, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Naim A Khan
- Physiologie de la Nutrition & Toxicologie, U1231 INSERM/Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté (UBFC)/Agro-Sup, Dijon, France
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18
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Kim MH, Jung SY, Song KH, Park JI, Ahn J, Kim EH, Park JK, Hwang SG, Woo HJ, Song JY. A new FGFR inhibitor disrupts the TGF-β1-induced fibrotic process. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 24:830-840. [PMID: 31692229 PMCID: PMC6933341 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is chronic and irreversible damage to the lung characterized by fibroblast activation and matrix deposition. Although recently approved novel anti‐fibrotic agents can improve the lung function and survival of patients with PF, the overall outcomes remain poor. In this study, a novel imidazopurine compound, 3‐(2‐chloro‐6‐fluorobenzyl)‐1,6,7‐trimethyl‐1H‐imidazo[2,1‐f]purine‐2,4(3H,8H)‐dione (IM‐1918), markedly inhibited transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β‐stimulated reporter activity and reduced the expression of representative fibrotic markers, such as connective tissue growth factor, fibronectin, collagen and α‐smooth muscle actin, on human lung fibroblasts. However, IM‐1918 neither decreased Smad‐2 and Smad‐3 nor affected p38MAPK and JNK. Instead, IM‐1918 reduced Akt and extracellular signal‐regulated kinase 1/2 phosphorylation increased by TGF‐β. Additionally, IM‐1918 inhibited the phosphorylation of fibroblast growth factor receptors 1 and 3. In a bleomycin‐induced murine lung fibrosis model, IM‐1918 profoundly reduced fibrotic areas and decreased collagen and α‐smooth muscle actin accumulation. These results suggest that IM‐1918 can be applied to treat lung fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Hyoung Kim
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea.,Laboratory of Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Youn Jung
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung-Hee Song
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong-In Park
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jiyeon Ahn
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Ho Kim
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Kuk Park
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Gu Hwang
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee-Jong Woo
- Laboratory of Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jie-Young Song
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
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19
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Yi L, Yi L, Liu Q, Li C. Downregulation of NSD3 (WHSC1L1) inhibits cell proliferation and migration via ERK1/2 deactivation and decreasing CAPG expression in colorectal cancer cells. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:3933-3943. [PMID: 31190890 PMCID: PMC6535100 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s191732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: NSD3 (WHSC1L1) is a protein lysine methyltransferase that is recurrently amplified (8p11.23) in several cancer types, and its upregulation is involved in tumor cell proliferation, metastasis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We aimed to evaluate its potential function as an oncogenic force in colorectal cancer (CRC), and to elucidate relevant mechanisms of its oncogenic activity. Materials and methods: NSD3 levels were analyzed in human CRC and adjacent normal tissues or cells by Western blot analysis and RT-qPCR. Expression levels of the proteins were detected by Western blot analysis and RT-qPCR. Results: NSD3 was significantly upregulated in both CRC tissues and cell lines. Knockdown of NSD3 expression resulted in significant decreases in CRC cell proliferation, migration, and EMT process marker proteins vimentin, simultaneously reducing E-cadherin and N-cadherin expression. The opposite results were observed when NSD3 was overexpressed. Additionally, overexpressing of NSD3 dramatically activated the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling pathway and enhanced actin-capping protein (CAPG) expression. Furthermore, the proliferation and migration abilities evidently facilitated by pcDNA3.1(+) expression vector containing full-length CDS of NSD3 (pcDNA3.1(+)-NSD3, or NSD3) were partially decreased after incubation with ERK1/2 signaling pathway inhibitor (PD98059) and/or specific siRNA against CAPG (siCAPG) in SW480 and HT-29 CRC cells. Conclusion: NSD3 overexpression stimulated CRC cell proliferation and migration through targeting the ERK1/2 signaling pathway and downstream CAPG. Thus, NSD3 could serve as a promising target for anticancer drug development for patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanjuan Yi
- Department of gastroenterology, Yantai Shan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong264001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lanjie Yi
- Research Office of Clinical literature, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu210023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Nosocomial Infection Control, Xuzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xuzhou, Jiangsu310015, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xuzhou Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xuzhou, Jiangsu310015, People’s Republic of China
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20
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Yoon HS, Kang JI, Kim SM, Ko A, Koh YS, Hyun JW, Yoon SP, Ahn MJ, Kim YH, Kang JH, Yoo ES, Kang HK. Norgalanthamine Stimulates Proliferation of Dermal Papilla Cells via Anagen-Activating Signaling Pathways. Biol Pharm Bull 2019; 42:139-143. [PMID: 30606985 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b18-00226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Norgalanthamine has been shown to possess hair-growth promoting effects, including increase in hair-fiber length in cultured rat vibrissa follicles and increase in dermal papilla cell (DPC) proliferation. However, the intracellular mechanisms that underlie the action of norgalanthamine in DPCs have not been investigated. In this study, we addressed the ability of norgalanthamine to trigger anagen-activating signaling pathways in DPCs. Norgalanthamine significantly increased extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 phosphorylation at 0.1 µM, a concentration at which DPC proliferation was also induced. Furthermore, the increases in norgalanthamine-induced ERK 1/2 activation and subsequent DPC proliferation were suppressed by the mitogen-activated protein kinase/ERK kinase (MEK) 1/2 inhibitor, U0126. A 0.1 µM dose of norgalanthamine also increased phosphorylation of AKT, which was followed by an increase in glycogen synthase kinase 3β phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of β-catenin. In addition, LY294002, a phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) inhibitor, blocked the effect of norgalanthamine on DPC proliferation. These results suggest that norgalanthamine can stimulate the anagen phase of the hair cycle in DPCs via activation of the ERK 1/2, PI3K/AKT, and Wnt/β-catenin pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoon-Seok Yoon
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University
| | - Jung-Il Kang
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University
| | - Sung Min Kim
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University
| | - Ara Ko
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University
| | - Young-Sang Koh
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University.,Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University
| | - Jin-Won Hyun
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University.,Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University
| | - Sang-Pil Yoon
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University
| | - Mee Jung Ahn
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University
| | - Young Ho Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University
| | - Ji-Hoon Kang
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University
| | - Eun-Sook Yoo
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University.,Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University
| | - Hee-Kyoung Kang
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University.,Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University
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21
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Tsubaki M, Takeda T, Matsumoto M, Kato N, Yasuhara S, Koumoto YI, Imano M, Satou T, Nishida S. Tamoxifen suppresses paclitaxel-, vincristine-, and bortezomib-induced neuropathy via inhibition of the protein kinase C/extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway. Tumour Biol 2018; 40:1010428318808670. [PMID: 30360692 DOI: 10.1177/1010428318808670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced neuropathy is a highly problematic, dose-limiting effect of potentially curative regimens of cancer chemotherapy. When neuropathic pain is severe, patients often either switch to less-effective chemotherapy agents or choose to discontinue chemotherapy entirely. Conventional chemotherapy drugs used to treat lung and breast cancer, multiple myeloma, and lymphoma include paclitaxel, vincristine, and bortezomib. Approximately 68% of patients receiving these anticancer drugs develop neuropathy within the first month of treatment, and while strategies to prevent chemotherapy-induced neuropathy have been investigated, none have yet been proven as effective. Recent reports suggest that chemotherapy-induced neuropathy is associated with signal transduction molecules, including protein kinase C and mitogen-activated protein kinases. It is currently unclear whether protein kinase C inhibition can prevent chemotherapy-induced neuropathy. In this study, we found that tamoxifen, a protein kinase C inhibitor, suppressed paclitaxel-, vincristine-, and bortezomib-induced cold and mechanical allodynia in mice. In addition, chemotherapy drugs induce neuropathy via the protein kinase C/extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway in the spinal cord in lumbar segments 4-6 and dorsal root ganglions. In addition, tamoxifen was shown to act synergistically with paclitaxel to inhibit tumor-growth in mice injected with tumor cells. Our results indicated that paclitaxel-, vincristine-, and bortezomib-induced neuropathies were associated with the protein kinase C/extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway in the lumbar spinal cord and dorsal root ganglions, which suggest that protein kinase C inhibitors may be therapeutically effective for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced neuropathy when administered with standard chemotherapy agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanobu Tsubaki
- 1 Division of Pharmacotherapy, Kindai University School of Pharmacy, Higashi-Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoya Takeda
- 1 Division of Pharmacotherapy, Kindai University School of Pharmacy, Higashi-Osaka, Japan
| | - Mikihiro Matsumoto
- 1 Division of Pharmacotherapy, Kindai University School of Pharmacy, Higashi-Osaka, Japan
| | - Natsuki Kato
- 1 Division of Pharmacotherapy, Kindai University School of Pharmacy, Higashi-Osaka, Japan
| | - Shota Yasuhara
- 1 Division of Pharmacotherapy, Kindai University School of Pharmacy, Higashi-Osaka, Japan
| | - Yu-Ichi Koumoto
- 1 Division of Pharmacotherapy, Kindai University School of Pharmacy, Higashi-Osaka, Japan
| | - Motohiro Imano
- 2 Department of Surgery, Kindai University School of Medicine, Osakasayama, Japan
| | - Takao Satou
- 3 Department of Pathology, Kindai University School of Medicine, Osakasayama, Japan
| | - Shozo Nishida
- 1 Division of Pharmacotherapy, Kindai University School of Pharmacy, Higashi-Osaka, Japan
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22
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Zhou M, Sun G, Zhang L, Zhang G, Yang Q, Yin H, Li H, Liu W, Bai X, Li J, Wang H. STK33 alleviates gentamicin-induced ototoxicity in cochlear hair cells and House Ear Institute-Organ of Corti 1 cells. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:5286-5299. [PMID: 30256516 PMCID: PMC6201369 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Serine/threonine kinase 33 (STK33), a member of the calcium/calmodulin‐dependent kinase (CAMK), plays vital roles in a wide spectrum of cell processes. The present study was designed to investigate whether STK33 expressed in the mammalian cochlea and, if so, what effect STK33 exerted on aminoglycoside‐induced ototoxicity in House Ear Institute‐Organ of Corti 1 (HEI‐OC1) cells. Immunofluorescence staining and western blotting were performed to investigate STK33 expression in cochlear hair cells (HCs) and HEI‐OC1 cells with or without gentamicin treatment. CCK8, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence staining and western blotting were employed to detect the effects of STK33 knockdown, and/or U0126, and/or N‐acetyl‐L‐cysteine (NAC) on the sensitivity to gentamicin‐induced ototoxicity in HEI‐OC1 cells. We found that STK33 was expressed in both mice cochlear HCs and HEI‐OC1 cells, and the expression of STK33 was significantly decreased in cochlear HCs and HEI‐OC1 cells after gentamicin exposure. STK33 knockdown resulted in an increase in the cleaved caspase‐3 and Bax expressions as well as cell apoptosis after gentamicin damage in HEI‐OC1 cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that knockdown of STK33 led to activated mitochondrial apoptosis pathway as well as augmented reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation after gentamicin damage. Moreover, STK33 was involved in extracellular signal‐regulated kinase 1/2 pathway in primary culture of HCs and HEI‐OC1 cells in response to gentamicin insult. The findings from this work indicate that STK33 decreases the sensitivity to the apoptosis dependent on mitochondrial apoptotic pathway by regulating ROS generation after gentamicin treatment, which provides a new potential target for protection from the aminoglycoside‐induced ototoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijuan Zhou
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, China.,Shandong Institute of Otolaryngology, Jinan, China
| | - Gaoying Sun
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, China.,Shandong Institute of Otolaryngology, Jinan, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, China
| | - Guodong Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, China
| | - Qianqian Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, China
| | - Haiyan Yin
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, China
| | - Hongrui Li
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, China
| | - Wenwen Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, China.,Shandong Institute of Otolaryngology, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaohui Bai
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, China.,Shandong Institute of Otolaryngology, Jinan, China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, China.,Shandong Institute of Otolaryngology, Jinan, China
| | - Haibo Wang
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, China.,Shandong Institute of Otolaryngology, Jinan, China
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23
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Jin L, Nara H, Rahman M, Takeda Y, Araki A, Asao H. Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase SHP-2 Is Involved in the Interleukin-21-Induced Activation of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 1/2. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2018; 244:187-193. [PMID: 29503347 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.244.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The cytokine interleukin-21 (IL-21) is mainly produced from activated CD4+ T cells and natural killer T (NKT) cells. IL-21 enhances the proliferation and differentiation of T cells and B cells and also increases cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells and NK cells through the IL-21 receptor and its downstream signaling molecules such as signal transducers and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2). SH2 domain-containing tyrosine phosphatase (SHP-2) is ubiquitously expressed, including hematopoietic cells. SHP-2 has been implicated in the regulation of IL-6 and IL-3 signaling, but its function in IL-21 signaling has not been investigated. Therefore, we studied the role of SHP-2 in IL-21 signaling by SHP-2 overexpression and knockdown experiments. For the SHP-2 overexpression, we used 293T human embryonic kidney cells, in which the IL-21 receptor system were easily reconstituted and high amounts of exogenous SHP-2 were expressed by vector transfection. In 293T cells, overexpressed SHP-2 caused the increase in the degree of the IL-21-induced ERK1/2 activation. Subsequently, SHP-2 knockdown experiments were performed in the mouse pro-B cell line, BAF21RWT-1, which constitutively expresses human IL-21 receptor and proliferates in an IL-21-dependent manner. SHP-2 knockdown reduced the degree of the IL-21-induced ERK1/2 activation and suppressed cell proliferation. These results suggest that SHP-2 may augment the ERK1/2 activity and cell proliferation activity in IL-21 signaling. We propose that SHP-2 is involved in the IL-21-mediated ERK1/2 activation and cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianjin Jin
- Department of Immunology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Hidetoshi Nara
- Department of Immunology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Mizanur Rahman
- Department of Immunology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Yuji Takeda
- Department of Immunology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Akemi Araki
- Department of Immunology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Hironobu Asao
- Department of Immunology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine
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24
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Abstract
Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 (CYSLTR1) serves a pivotal role in allergic reactions, which is one of the main causes of adenoid hypertrophy. The present study aimed to investigate the function of CYSLT1 within adenoid hypertrophy. A total of 40 patients with adenoid hypertrophy were recruited between January 2014 and January 2016 at the Children's Hospital of Hebei Province, China. The patients were divided into either the mild-moderate group or the severe group according to their disease severity. The expression of CYSLT1 in the adenoid tissue and whole blood of all patients and healthy controls was detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Associations between the expression level of CYSLT1 and the clinical characteristics of patients were analyzed. Primary human adenoid epithelial cells (HAECs) with CYSLT1 knockdown and overexpression were constructed. The levels of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)2 and phosphorylated-ERK1/2 in adenoid tissue and HAECs were detected by western blot analysis. The expression of CYSLT1 in adenoid tissue and whole blood of all patients with adenoid hypertrophy was significantly higher compared with the healthy controls (P<0.05). In addition, the expression level of CYSLT1 was significantly higher in the severe group compared with the mild-moderate group (P<0.05). The highest level of p-ERK1/2 in adenoid tissue was observed in the severe group, followed by the mild-moderate group and then the control group (P<0.05). CYSLT1 expression was positively associated with the severity of disease. CYSLT1 knockdown significantly decreased the level of p-ERK1/2 in HAECs (P<0.05), while CYSLT1 overexpression significantly increased the level of p-ERK1/2. It was concluded that CYSLT1 may contribute to the progression of adenoid hypertrophy by activating ERK1/2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Gao
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Children's Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Jinying Li
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Children's Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Quanheng Li
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Children's Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Shuhua An
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Children's Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
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25
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Ying Y, Luo J. Salidroside promotes human periodontal ligament cell proliferation and osteocalcin secretion via ERK1/2 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:5041-5045. [PMID: 29805528 PMCID: PMC5952094 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Salidroside modulates cell proliferation and serves as an anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic agent with efficacy against various diseases. The objective of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of salidroside in enhancing the proliferation of human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs). hPDLCs were isolated and the effects of salidroside on cell viability, soluble osteocalcin levels and activation of proliferation-associated signaling pathways were determined using a CCK-8 assay, ELISA and Western blotting, respectively. The results indicated that salidroside induced proliferation of hPDLCs, increased secretion of soluble osteocalcin and enhanced activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 and phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathways. These factors were upregulated by salidroside in a dose-dependent manner. The results of the present study suggested that salidroside mediated hPDLC proliferation via the ERK1/2 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways, as well as osteocalcin secretion. Salidroside may therefore be used as a novel therapeutic agent in the treatment of the tooth-supporting apparatus, progressive tooth destruction or periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukang Ying
- Department of Stomatology, Taizhou Central Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, P.R. China
| | - Jun Luo
- Department of Stomatology, Taizhou Central Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, P.R. China
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26
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Qian CJ, Qi YX, Zhong S, Zeng JP, Chen XY, Yao J. Mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibition enhances the antitumor effects of sporamin in human pancreatic cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:1237-1242. [PMID: 30061945 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sporamin, a sweet potato tuber storage protein, is a Kunitz-type trypsin inhibitor (TI) that has exhibited antitumor activity through poorly defined mechanisms in a number of types of tumor cells. The present study aimed to analyze the combined effects of sporamin and three mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitors, PD98059, SP600125 and SB203580, on the pancreatic cancer cell line, PANC-1. Cell proliferation activity was assessed using a 3H-thymidine incorporation assay, and cell viability was analyzed using an MTT assay. Apoptosis was assayed by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. Protein expression levels in PANC-1 cells were determined by western blotting. The results of this analysis demonstrated that sporamin induced a temporary increase in the phosphorylation of MAPKs, including phosphorylated extracellular signal regulated-kinase 1/2, phosphorylated c-Jun amino-terminal protein kinase 1/2 and phosphorylated p38-MAPK, in a concentration-dependent manner. However, treatment with MAPK inhibitors promoted the inhibition of cell proliferation and viability, and the induction of apoptosis in sporamin-treated PANC-1 cells. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that MAPK inhibition enhanced the antitumor activity of sporamin in PANC-1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui-Juan Qian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Central Hospital, Taizhou University Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, P.R. China.,Institute of Tumor, School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Xiao Qi
- Institute of Tumor, School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Zhong
- Institute of Tumor, School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, P.R. China
| | - Ju-Ping Zeng
- Institute of Tumor, School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Ying Chen
- Institute of Tumor, School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, P.R. China
| | - Jun Yao
- Institute of Tumor, School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, P.R. China
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27
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Ye Z, Zhang M, Ding N, Gao P, Hei Y, Wang Y, Gao W, Ye Q. Antinociceptive effects of dezocine on complete Freund's adjuvant-induced inflammatory pain in rats. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:5469-5474. [PMID: 29904426 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory pain is known to severely impact the life quality of patients. Notably, dezocine is widely used for the treatment of pain. Therefore, the current study aimed to examine the effects of dezocine on a complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced inflammatory pain model in rats and to investigate the possible underlying molecular mechanisms. Rats were randomly divided into three groups, including the control, CFA and dezocine+CFA groups, and then subcutaneously injected with 100 µl saline, subcutaneously injected with 100 µl CFA or pretreated with 1 ml dezocine (0.4 µg/kg) at 30 min before CFA injection in the plantar surface of right hind paw, respectively. The paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) and paw withdrawal latency (PWL) were measured with a dynamic plantar esthesiometer at 1 day before and 6 h after CFA injection. The ipsilateral lumbar spinal cords of all the rats were harvested for detecting the expression profiles of phosphorylated (p)-p65, p-extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (p-ERK1/2), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α by western blot analysis and/or reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In addition, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) expression was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Compared with the control group, CFA-induced peripheral inflammation downregulated the PWT and PWL values of rats, which were significantly alleviated by dezocine treatment. Furthermore, the protein levels of p-p65, p-ERK1/2, COX-2, PGE2, IL-1β and TNF-α were significantly upregulated following CFA injection, while they were suppressed by dezocine pretreatment. In conclusion, the analgesic effect of dezocine on inflammatory pain induced by CFA may be associated with the inhibition of the spinal ERK1/2-COX-2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhai Ye
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ningxia People's Hospital, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750002, P.R. China.,Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University for Nationalities, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750002, P.R. China
| | - Maoxian Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ningxia People's Hospital, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750002, P.R. China.,Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University for Nationalities, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750002, P.R. China
| | - Ning Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ningxia People's Hospital, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750002, P.R. China.,Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University for Nationalities, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750002, P.R. China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ningxia People's Hospital, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750002, P.R. China.,Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University for Nationalities, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750002, P.R. China
| | - Yunpeng Hei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ningxia People's Hospital, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750002, P.R. China.,Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University for Nationalities, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750002, P.R. China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ningxia People's Hospital, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750002, P.R. China.,Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University for Nationalities, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750002, P.R. China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ningxia People's Hospital, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750002, P.R. China.,Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University for Nationalities, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750002, P.R. China
| | - Qingshan Ye
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ningxia People's Hospital, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750002, P.R. China.,Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University for Nationalities, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750002, P.R. China
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28
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Mai HN, Sharma N, Shin EJ, Nguyen BT, Nguyen PT, Jeong JH, Cho EH, Lee YJ, Kim NH, Jang CG, Nabeshima T, Kim HC. Exposure to far-infrared ray attenuates methamphetamine-induced impairment in recognition memory through inhibition of protein kinase C δ in male mice: Comparison with the antipsychotic clozapine. J Neurosci Res 2018; 96:1294-1310. [PMID: 29476655 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that repeated treatment with methamphetamine (MA) results in a recognition memory impairment via upregulation of protein kinase C (PKC) δ and downregulation of the glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPx-1)-dependent antioxidant system. We also demonstrated that far-infrared ray (FIR) attenuates acute restraint stress via induction of the GPx-1 gene. Herein, we investigated whether exposure to FIR modulates MA-induced recognition memory impairment in male mice, and whether cognitive potentials mediated by FIR require modulation of the PKCδ gene, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, and glutathione-dependent system. Repeated treatment with MA significantly increased PKCδ expression and its phosphorylation out of PKC isoenzymes (i.e., PKCα, PKCβI, PKCβII, PKCζ, and PKCδ expression) in the prefrontal cortex of mice. Exposure to FIR significantly attenuated MA-induced increase in phospho-PKCδ and decrease in phospho-ERK 1/2. In addition, FIR further facilitated the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-dependent glutathione synthetic system. Moreover, L-buthionine-(S, R)-sulfoximine, an inhibitor of glutathione synthesis, counteracted the FIR-mediated phospho-ERK 1/2 induction and memory-enhancing activity against MA insult. More important, positive effects of FIR are comparable to those of genetic depletion of PKCδ or the antipsychotic clozapine. Our results indicate that FIR protects against MA-induced memory impairment via activations of the Nrf2-dependent glutathione synthetic system, and ERK 1/2 signaling by inhibition of the PKCδ gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huynh Nhu Mai
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, Republic of Korea
| | - Naveen Sharma
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Joo Shin
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, Republic of Korea
| | - Bao Trong Nguyen
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, Republic of Korea
| | - Phuong Tram Nguyen
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Hee Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Jeung Lee
- Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Hun Kim
- College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, Republic of Korea
| | - Choon-Gon Jang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University Suwon, Korea
| | - Toshitaka Nabeshima
- Advanced Diagnostic System Research Laboratory, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Aichi, Japan.,Aino University, Ibaragi, Japan
| | - Hyoung-Chun Kim
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, Republic of Korea
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Zhou P, Hu J, Wang X, Wang J, Zhang Y, Wang C. Epidermal growth factor receptor expression affects proliferation and apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer cells via the extracellular signal-regulated kinase/microRNA 200a signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:5201-5207. [PMID: 29552158 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.7961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study assessed the function of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and its molecular targets in non-small cell lung cancer. The results of the present study demonstrated that EGFR protein and mRNA expression in the normal adjacent tissue specimens was decreased compared with that in the lung cancer tissue samples. Compared with the BEAS-2B normal bronchial epithelial cells, EGFR and phosphorylated (p)-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) protein expression in the SW-900 and A549 lung cancer cells was increased and microRNA (miR)200a expression in the SW-900 and A549 cells was inhibited compared with the BEAS-2B cells. Downregulating miR200a expression significantly suppressed proliferation and promoted apoptosis and caspase (CASP)3 and CASP9 function in the A549 cells and significantly inhibited EGFR and p-ERK protein expression in the A549 cells, compared with the BEAS-2B cells. The results of the present study indicated that downregulating miR200a significantly suppressed proliferation and promoted apoptosis in A549 cells via the regulation of the EGFR and ERK 1/2 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhou
- Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Jian Hu
- Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqin Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Jingyuan Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Chest Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Cong Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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30
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Yang K, Zhao M, Huang J, Zhang C, Zheng Q, Chen Y, Jiang H, Lu W, Wang J. Pharmacological activation of PPARγ inhibits hypoxia-induced proliferation through a caveolin-1-targeted and -dependent mechanism in PASMCs. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2018; 314:C428-C438. [PMID: 29351409 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00143.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we and others have demonstrated that activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) by specific pharmacological agonists inhibits the pathogenesis of chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (CHPH) by suppressing the proliferation and migration in distal pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Moreover, these beneficial effects of PPARγ are mediated by targeting the intracellular calcium homeostasis and store-operated calcium channel (SOCC) proteins, including the main caveolae component caveolin-1. However, other than the caveolin-1 targeted mechanism, in this study, we further uncovered a caveolin-1 dependent mechanism within the activation of PPARγ by the specific agonist GW1929. First, effective knockdown of caveolin-1 by small-interfering RNA (siRNA) markedly abolished the upregulation of GW1929 on PPARγ expression at both mRNA and protein levels; Then, in HEK293T, which has previously been reported with low endogenous caveolin-1 expression, exogenous expression of caveolin-1 significantly enhanced the upregulation of GW1929 on PPARγ expression compared with nontransfection control. In addition, inhibition of PPARγ by either siRNA or pharmacological inhibitor T0070907 led to increased phosphorylation of cellular mitogen-activated protein kinases ERK1/2 and p38. In parallel, GW1929 dramatically decreased the expression of the proliferative regulators (cyclin D1 and PCNA), whereas it increased the apoptotic factors (p21, p53, and mdm2) in hypoxic PASMCs. Furthermore, these effects of GW1929 could be partially reversed by recovery of the drug treatment. In combination, PPARγ activation by GW1929 reversibly drove the cell toward an antiproliferative and proapoptotic phenotype in a caveolin-1-dependent and -targeted mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, Guangdong , China
| | - Mingming Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Junyi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, Guangdong , China
| | - Chenting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, Guangdong , China
| | - Qiuyu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, Guangdong , China
| | - Yuqin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, Guangdong , China
| | - Haiyang Jiang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Wenju Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, Guangdong , China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, Guangdong , China.,Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine , Tucson, Arizona
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31
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Shi Y, An D, Liu Y, Feng Q, Fang X, Pan G, Wang Q. Propoxur enhances MMP-2 expression and the corresponding invasion of human breast cancer cells via the ERK/Nrf2 signaling pathway. Oncotarget 2017; 8:87107-87123. [PMID: 29152067 PMCID: PMC5675619 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Propoxur is considered a prime etiological suspect of increasing tumor incidence, but the role is still undefined. In this study, two human breast cancer cells lines, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, were used as cell models. Cells were respectively treated with 0, 0.01, 1, or 100 μM propoxur. PD98059, a MEK inhibitor, was administered to block the ERK/MAPK pathway. Migration and reactive oxygen species were measured by wound healing and Transwell assays, and flow cytometry. Protein expression and subcellular location were detected by western blotting and immunofluorescence staining, respectively. Results showed that propoxur treatment enhanced cell migration and invasion in a dose-dependent manner, while MMP-2 expression, but not MMP-9, was significantly increased in two cell lines. Meanwhile, the treatment increased intracellular reactive oxygen species, Nrf2 expression and nuclear translocation, and ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Inversely, inhibition of ERK1/2 activation with PD98059 significantly attenuated propoxur-induced Nrf2 expression and nuclear translocation. Moreover, PD98059 suppressed propoxur-induced cell migration and invasion, and MMP-2 overexpression. Collectively, these results indicate that propoxur can trigger reactive oxygen species overproduction, further promoting breast cancer cell migration and invasion by regulating the ERK/Nrf2 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiang Shi
- Center of Hygiene Assessment and Research, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Daizhi An
- Center of Hygiene Assessment and Research, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Yiping Liu
- Beijing Municipal Public Security Hospital, Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau, Beijing 100006, China
| | - Qiong Feng
- Center of Hygiene Assessment and Research, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Xu Fang
- Center of Hygiene Assessment and Research, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Guilan Pan
- Department of Physiology, BaoTou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014040, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Center of Hygiene Assessment and Research, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
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32
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Liu J, Sun Q, Wang Y, Cui J, Zhang M, Li L, Jia H, Zhang L, Zhu B, Jiang M, Yu B, Zhang S. ERK1/2 pathway regulates coxsackie and adenovirus receptor expression in mouse cardiac stem cells. Exp Ther Med 2017; 13:3348-3354. [PMID: 28587412 PMCID: PMC5450675 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac stem cells (CSCs) are the most promising and effective candidates for the therapy of cardiac regenerative diseases; however, they have marked limitations. For instance, the implantation of CSCs is hampered by factors such as their sustainability and long-term durability. Gene modification appears to be the most effective method of optimizing CSCs and gene therapy trials have demonstrated that efficient gene transfer is key to achieving therapeutic efficacy. However, the transduction ability of adenovirus (Ad) is limited. Previous studies have reported that low expression of coxsackie and adenovirus receptor (CAR) in target cells decreases the transduction efficiency. A promising method for improving Ad-mediated gene transfer is to increase CAR expression in target cells. The present study investigated the effect of the Raf-mitogen-associated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase (MEK)-extracellular signal-associated protein kinase (ERK) signaling pathway on the expression of CAR on CSCs, as this pathway decreases cell-cell adhesion via cell surface molecules. The results demonstrated that interference with the Raf-MEK-ERK signaling pathway by knockdown of ERK1/2 upregulated the expression of CAR. The entry of the Ad into the cells was increased following inhibition of ERK1/2. Moreover, following knockdown of CAR, the entry of Ad into cells was decreased. However, knockdown of c-Jun N-terminal kinase and p38 as other components of the MAPK pathway did not affect CAR expression. Therefore, CAR expression in CSCs may be mediated via the Raf-MEK-ERK signaling pathway. Upregulation of CAR by knockdown of ERK1/2 may significantly improve Ad-mediated genetic modification of CSCs in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China.,Key Laboratories of Education, Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066000, P.R. China
| | - Yongshun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China.,Key Laboratories of Education, Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Jinjin Cui
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China.,Key Laboratories of Education, Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Maomao Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China.,Key Laboratories of Education, Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Lili Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Haibo Jia
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Lulu Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Bin Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Miaomiao Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China.,Key Laboratories of Education, Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
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Zhang C, Zhou G, Cai C, Li J, Chen F, Xie L, Wang W, Zhang Y, Lai X, Ma L. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells alleviate acute myocarditis by modulating endoplasmic reticulum stress and extracellular signal regulated 1/2-mediated apoptosis. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:3515-3520. [PMID: 28440472 PMCID: PMC5436290 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myocarditis is a non-ischemic inflammatory disease of the myocardium, and there is currently no standard treatment. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can alleviate myosin‑induced myocarditis; however, the mechanism has not been clearly elucidated. In the present study, the authors investigated the ability of human umbilical cordMSCs (HuMSCs) to attenuate myocardial injury and dysfunction during the acute phase of experimental myocarditis. Male Lewis rats (aged 8 weeks) were injected with porcine myosin to induce myocarditis. Cultured HuMSCs (1x106 cells/rat) were intravenously injected 10 days following myosin injection. A total of 3 weeks following injection, this resulted in severe inflammation and significant deterioration of cardiac function. HuMSC transplantation attenuated infiltration of inflammatory cells and adverse cardiac remodeling, as well as reduced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Furthermore, it was identified that HuMSC transplantation suppressed endoplasmic reticulum stress and extracellular signal‑regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 signaling in experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM). The reduced number of TUNEL‑positive apoptotic cells in myocardial sections from HuMSC‑treated EAM rats compared with control demonstrates HuMSCs' anti‑apoptotic function. Based on these data, the author suggested that treatment with HuMSCs inhibits myocardial apoptosis in EAM rats, ultimately protecting them from myocardial damage. The conclusion demonstrated that HuMSC transplantation attenuates myocardial injury and dysfunction in a rat model of acute myocarditis, potentially via regulation of ER stress, ERK1/2 signaling and induction of cardiomyocyte apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Guichi Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Chanxin Cai
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Jindi Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Fen Chen
- Department of Paediatrics, Women's and Children's Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
- Maternal and Child Health Care Center of Pingshan, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Lichun Xie
- Department of Paediatrics, Women's and Children's Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
- Maternal and Child Health Care Center of Pingshan, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
- Translational Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Yonggang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
- Translational Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Xiulan Lai
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
- Translational Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
- Dr Xiulan Lai, Department of Paediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 69 Dongxia Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China, E-mail:
| | - Lian Ma
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
- Department of Paediatrics, Women's and Children's Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
- Maternal and Child Health Care Center of Pingshan, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
- Translational Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Dr Lian Ma, Department of Paediatrics, Women's and Children's Hospital of Shenzhen University, 6 Longxing Road, Pingshan, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China, E-mail:
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Kwak DH, Kim JS, Chang KT, Choo YK. Aristolochia manshuriensis Kom ethyl acetate extract protects against high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis by regulating kinase phosphorylation in mouse. J Vet Sci 2017; 17:279-87. [PMID: 26726030 PMCID: PMC5037294 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2016.17.3.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aristolochia manshuriensis Kom (AMK) is an herb used as a traditional medicine; however, it causes side effects such as nephrotoxicity and carcinogenicity. Nevertheless, AMK can be applied in specific ways medicinally, including via ingestion of low doses for short periods of time. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) induced the hepatocyte injury and inflammation. The protective effects of AMK against NASH are unclear; therefore, in this study, the protective effects of AMK ethyl acetate extract were investigated in a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NASH model. We found decreased hepatic steatosis and inflammation, as well as increased levels of lipoproteins during AMK extract treatment. We also observed decreased hepatic lipid peroxidation and triglycerides, as well as suppressed hepatic expression of lipogenic genes in extract-treated livers. Treatment with extract decreased the activation of c-jun N-terminal kinase 1/2 (JNK1/2) and increased the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2). These results demonstrate that the protective effect of the extract against HFD-induced NASH occurred via reductions in reactive oxygen species production, inflammation suppression, and apoptosis related to the suppression of JNK1/2 activation and increased ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Taken together, these results indicate that that ethyl acetate extract of AMK has potential therapeutic effects in the HFD-induced NASH mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hoon Kwak
- Institute for Glycoscience College of Natural Sciences, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea
| | - Ji-Su Kim
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Ochang 28116, Korea
| | - Kyu-Tae Chang
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Ochang 28116, Korea
| | - Young-Kug Choo
- Institute for Glycoscience College of Natural Sciences, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea.,Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea
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Yang Y, Gong L. Palmitoleate inhibits insulin transcription by activating the ERK1/2 pathway in rat pancreatic β-cells. Exp Ther Med 2017; 13:2805-2811. [PMID: 28587345 PMCID: PMC5450653 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of palmitoleate on insulin secretion and insulin mRNA levels, and to investigate the transcriptional regulation of insulin. INS-1 rat insulinoma cells were treated with palmitoleate in the presence of high glucose, and the amount of secreted insulin was measured via radioimmunoassay. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed to evaluate the mRNA levels of insulin and pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX1) under palmitoleate treatment. The levels of PDX1, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 and phosphorylated ERK1/2 were measured using western blot analysis. Low concentrations of palmitoleate significantly induced insulin secretion (P=0.024), whereas the mRNA levels of insulin and PDX1 were markedly reduced. However, the inhibitory effects were reversed with the addition of U0126, suggesting that the ERK1/2-mediated pathway may be the underlying mechanism responsible for palmitoleate-induced downregulation of insulin mRNA. Exposure of INS-1 cells to high glucose significantly increased the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 (P=0.039), which was further enhanced by palmitoleate (P=0.025). Exposure of INS-1 cells to high glucose significantly decreased PPARG (P=0.001), which was further decreased by the addition of palmitoleate. U0126 was able to reverse the palmitoleate-induced effects. In conclusion, the present study suggested that palmitoleate may induce insulin secretion and inhibit insulin mRNA expression in pancreatic β-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, P.R. China
| | - Liangliang Gong
- Department of Rheumatology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, P.R. China
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Qi JY, Yu J, Huang DH, Guo LH, Wang L, Huang X, Huang HD, Zhou M, Zhang MZ, Wu J. Salvianolate reduces murine myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury via ERK1/2 signaling pathways in vivo. Chin J Integr Med 2016; 23:40-47. [PMID: 27787719 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-016-2621-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the effects of salvianolate on myocardial infarction in a murine in vivo model of ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury. METHODS Myocardial I/R injury model was constructed in mice by 30 min of coronary occlusion followed by 24 h of reperfusion and pretreated with salvianolate 30 min before I/R (SAL group). The SAL group was compared with SHAM (no I/R and no salvianolate), I/R (no salvianolate), and ischemia preconditioning (IPC) groups. Furthermore, an ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059 (1 mg/kg), and a phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3-K) inhibitor, LY294002 (7.5 mg/kg), were administered intraperitoneal injection (i.p) for 30 min prior to salvianolate, followed by I/R surgery in LY and PD groups. By using a double staining method, the ratio of the infarct size (IS) to left ventricle (LV) and of risk region (RR) to LV were compared among the groups. Correlations between IS and RR were analyzed. Western-blot was used to detect the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and protein kinase B (AKT) phosphorylation changes. RESULTS There were no significant differences between RR to LV ratio among the SHAM, I/R, IPC and SAL groups (P>0.05). The SAL and IPC groups had IS of 26.1%±1.4% and 22.3%±2.9% of RR, respectively, both of which were significantly smaller than the I/R group (38.5%±2.9% of RR, P<0.05, P<0.01, respectively). Moreover, the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 was increased in SAL group (P<0.05), while AKT had no significant change. LY294002 further reduced IS, whereas the protective role of salvianolate could be attenuated by PD98059, which increased the IS. Additionally, the IS was not linearly related to the RR (r=0.23, 0.45, 0.62, 0.17, and 0.52 in the SHAM, I/R, SAL, LY and PD groups, respectively). CONCLUSION Salvianolate could reduce myocardial I/R injury in mice in vivo, which involves an ERK1/2 pathway, but not a PI3-K signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Yong Qi
- Intensive Care Laboratory, Guangdong Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Juan Yu
- Animal Laboratory, Guangdong Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Dong-Hui Huang
- Intensive Care Laboratory, Guangdong Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Li-Heng Guo
- Intensive Care Laboratory, Guangdong Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Intensive Care Laboratory, Guangdong Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Intensive Care Laboratory, Guangdong Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Hai-Ding Huang
- Animal Laboratory, Guangdong Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Miao Zhou
- Department of Oral and Maxillary Surgery, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Min-Zhou Zhang
- Intensive Care Laboratory, Guangdong Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Jiashin Wu
- Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio, USA
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Chen Y, Jiang S, Liu Y, Xiong J, Liang J, Ji W. Role of ERK1/2 activation on itch sensation induced by bradykinin B1 activation in inflamed skin. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:627-632. [PMID: 27446253 PMCID: PMC4950635 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
It has previously been demonstrated that bradykinin receptor B1 (B1R) agonists evoke an itch-related scratching response in inflamed skin via the B1 receptor; however, the mechanisms responsible for this abnormal itch sensation remain unclear. Therefore, the present study utilized a complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced mouse model of inflammation to elucidate the mechanisms responsible. Over a period of 30 min, scratching behavior was quantified by the number of hind limb scratches of the area surrounding the drug injection site on the neck. Furthermore, western blot analysis was used to investigate the potential role of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 signaling as a mediator of itch in CFA-treated mice. The results demonstrated that CFA-induced inflammation at the back of the neck is associated with sustained enhancement of ERK1/2 activation in the spinal cord. Moreover, B1R agonist treatment resulted in increased expression of phosphorylated ERK1/2 in the spinal cord, which peaked at 45 min. Consistent with these findings, inhibition of either mitogen-activated protein/ERK kinase or ERK1/2, as well as inhibition of ERK1/2 activation following inflammation, attenuated B1 receptor-mediated scratching responses to a greater extent, as compared with control mice. Collectively, the results of the present study indicated that enhanced and persistent ERK1/2 activation in the spinal cord may be required to induce a scratching response to B1R agonists following CFA-induced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzhen Chen
- Postgraduate Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China; Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Shuyan Jiang
- Postgraduate Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China; Division of Anesthesiology, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Yuying Liu
- Postgraduate Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China; Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Jialing Xiong
- Postgraduate Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China; Division of Anesthesiology, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Jiexian Liang
- Postgraduate Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China; Division of Anesthesiology, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Wenjin Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
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Abstract
AIM Carnosic acid (CA) is well known for its antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of CA on cytotoxicity under oxidative stress. METHODS Primary hepatocytes and AML12 cells were treated with: (i) 0.1 μM, 1 μM and 10 μM CA; (ii) 3 mM H2 O2 with or without 1 μM CA; or (iii) 3 mM H2 O2 with 1 μM CA and 0.04 μM sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) inhibitor EX527 or 10 μM mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor U0126. Cell viability, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage were determined. In addition, total protein levels of cleaved caspase 3, SIRT1, phosphorylated Nrf2, 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and MAPKs were evaluated by western blot analysis and suspension array system. RESULTS First, although 10 μM CA produced cytotoxicity, CA at concentrations at or below 1 μM did not inhibit cell viability. Second, H2 O2 increased total cellular ROS and LDH leakage and decreased cell viability, whereas co-treatment with H2 O2 and 1 μM CA significantly inhibited these effects of H2 O2 . Third, CA at 1 μM increased protein levels of SIRT1. Pretreatment with EX527 or transfection of siRNA-targeting SIRT1 weakened the protective effects of CA against H2 O2 -induced cell death. Fourth, H2 O2 induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) in primary hepatocytes. U0126 inhibited oxidative damage induced by H2 O2 . Co-treatment with CA inhibited ERK1/2 activation induced by H2 O2 . CONCLUSION Our data indicate that CA protects against oxidative stress-induced cytotoxicity via SIRT1 by regulating subsequent downstream factors such as ERK1/2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Iwate, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Takikawa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Iwate, Japan
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Yuan L, Liu J, Dong R, Zhu J, Tao C, Zheng R, Zhu S. 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid promotes production of brain derived neurotrophic factor from astrocytes and exerts neuroprotective effects during ischaemic injury. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2016; 42:607-620. [PMID: 26526810 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS 14,15-Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (14,15-EET) is abundantly expressed in brain and exerts protective effects against ischaemia. 14,15-EET is hydrolysed by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). sEH-/- mice show a higher level of 14,15-EET in the brain. Astrocytes play a pivotal role in neuronal survival under ischaemic conditions. However, it is unclear whether the neuroprotective effect of 14,15-EET is associated with astrocytes. METHODS A mouse model of focal cerebral ischaemia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion. Oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) was performed on cultured murine astrocytes, neurons and a human cell line. Cell viabilities were measured by 3-(4, 5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The mRNA expressions were quantified by real-time PCR. Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentration was measured by ELISA. Protein expressions were quantified by Western blotting. BDNF and peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) expressions were analysed by confocal microscopy. RESULTS Decreased infarct volumes, elevated BDNF expression and increased numbers of BDNF/GFAP Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein double-positive cells were observed in the ischaemic penumbra of sEH-/- mice. The decreased infarct volumes of sEH-/- mice were diminished by intracerebroventricular injection of a blocker of BDNF receptor. 14,15-EET increases BDNF expression and cell viability of murine astrocytes and U251 cells by BDNF-TrkB Tyrosine receptor kinase-B-extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 signalling during OGD/R. 14,15-EET protects neurons from OGD/R by stimulating the production of astrocyte-derived BDNF. 14,15-EET stimulates the production of astrocyte-derived BDNF through PPAR-γ/p-cAMP-response element binding protein signal pathways. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates the importance of 14,15-EET-mediated production of astrocyte-derived BDNF for enhancing viability of astrocytes and protecting neurons from the ischaemic injury and provides insights into the mechanism by which 14,15-EET is involved in neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Yuan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - J Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - R Dong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - J Zhu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - C Tao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - R Zheng
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - S Zhu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
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Huang Q, Liu X, Cao C, Lei J, Han D, Chen G, Yu J, Chen L, Lv D, Li Z. Apelin-13 induces autophagy in hepatoma HepG2 cells through ERK1/2 signaling pathway-dependent upregulation of Beclin1. Oncol Lett 2015; 11:1051-1056. [PMID: 26893689 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of Apelin-13 on autophagy in hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells and the underlying mechanism of the effect. The HepG2 cells were treated with Apelin-13 at a final concentration of 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01 and 0.1 µmol/l for 24 h. Cells were also treated with 10 µmol/l PD98059 for 24 h. The expression of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2, phosphorylated ERK1/2 (pERK1/2) and Beclin1 proteins were detected by western blot analysis. Beclin1 mRNA expression was also detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Autophagy was observed using fluorescence microscopy subsequent to monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining. Following treatment with the various concentrations of Apelin-13, the expression of the ERK1/2 protein remained at a similar level, whereas the expression of pERK1/2 increased in a dose-dependent manner. Compared with the control group, the increase was significant (P<0.05). Similarly, Beclin1 expression was upregulated at the protein and mRNA levels by Apelin-13 treatment in a dose-dependent manner and was significantly increased compared with the control group. However, following treatment with the Apelin-13 inhibitor PD98059, the expression of pERK1/2, Beclin1 protein and Beclin1 mRNA were significantly decreased (P<0.05). In addition, Apelin-13 induced the autophagy of HepG2 cells in a dose-dependent manner, as revealed by MDC staining. PD98059 inhibited autophagy of HepG2 cells induced by Apelin-13. Therefore, Apelin-13 may promote autophagy in HepG2 cells by inducing the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and upregulating the expression of Beclin1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiulin Huang
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Chao Cao
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Junyue Lei
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Dong Han
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Guodong Chen
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Jia Yu
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Linxi Chen
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Deguan Lv
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Zhongyu Li
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
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Wang C, Qian X, Sun X, Chang Q. Angiotensin II increases matrix metalloproteinase 2 expression in human aortic smooth muscle cells via AT1R and ERK1/2. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2015; 240:1564-71. [PMID: 25767191 DOI: 10.1177/1535370215576312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased levels of angiotensin II (Ang II) and activated matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) produced by human aortic smooth muscle cells (human ASMCs) have recently been implicated in the pathogenesis of thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA). Additionally, angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R)-mediated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 activation contributes to TAA development in Marfan Syndrome. However, there is scant data regarding the relationship between Ang II and MMP-2 expression in human ASMCs. Therefore, we investigated the effect of Ang II on MMP-2 expression in human ASMCs and used Western blotting to identify the Ang II receptors and intracellular signaling pathways involved. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunofluorescence data demonstrated that Ang II receptors were expressed on human ASMCs. Additionally, Ang II increased the expression of Ang II type 2 receptor (AT2R) but not AT1R at both the transcriptional and translational levels. Furthermore, Western blotting showed that Ang II increased MMP-2 expression in human ASMCs in a dose- and time-dependent manner. This response was completely inhibited by the AT1R inhibitor candesartan but not by the AT2R blocker PD123319. In addition, Ang II-induced upregulation of MMP-2 was mediated by the activation of ERK1/2, whereas p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) had no effect on this process. In conclusion, these results indicate that Ang II can increase the expression of MMP-2 via AT1 receptor and ERK1/2 signaling pathways in human ASMCs and suggest that antagonists of AT1R and ERK1/2 may be useful for treating TAAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Aorta Surgery Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing100037, China
| | - Xiangyang Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Aorta Surgery Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing100037, China
| | - Xiaogang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Aorta Surgery Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing100037, China
| | - Qian Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Aorta Surgery Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing100037, China
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Luo Q, Wu K, Zhang B, Song G. Mechano growth factor E peptide promotes rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell migration through CXCR4-ERK1/2. Growth Factors 2015. [PMID: 26260632 DOI: 10.3109/08977194.2015.1058258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Mechano growth factor (MGF) is a splicing variant of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). The unique C-terminal E domain of MGF (MGF-E) makes it distinct from the other variants of IGF-1. Our previous work demonstrated that MGF-25E induces the migration of rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (rMSCs) by altering their mechanical properties, which is accompanied by the activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) pathway. However, the relationship between ERK1/2 activation and the change in mechanical properties has not been illustrated. In the present study, we determined that MGF-25E induced the migration of rMSCs by modulating CXCR4 to activate the ERK1/2 pathway. The analysis of the Young's modulus and F-actin remodeling indicated that MGF-25E increased the stiffness and the F-actin polymerization of rMSCs through the activation of the CXCR4-ERK1/2 pathway. For the first time, this study clarified the signaling pathway that regulates the mechanical properties of rMSCs and is responsible for MGF-25E-promoted migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Luo
- a Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
| | - Kewen Wu
- a Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
| | - Bingyu Zhang
- a Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
| | - Guanbin Song
- a Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
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Tan JC, Cui WX, Heng D, Lin L. ERK1/2 participates in regulating the expression and distribution of tight junction proteins in the process of reflux esophagitis. J Dig Dis 2014; 15:409-18. [PMID: 24832088 DOI: 10.1111/1751-2980.12163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the alterations of esophageal epithelial barrier during the process of reflux esophagitis (RE). METHODS In total, 85 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups, the sham-operation group (n = 25) and the RE group induced by incomplete pyloric ligation (n = 60). The establishment of RE model and the severity of esophagitis were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin stain. Dilated intercellular spaces (DIS) in the esophageal epithelium were observed by transmission electron microscopy. The cellular distributions of ZO-1, occludin and claudin-1 were assessed by immunohistochemical stain. The expressions of these tight junction (TJ) proteins and the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), myosin light chain (MLC) and nonmuscular myosin light chain kinase (nmMLCK) were analyzed by Western blot. RESULTS DIS occurred gradually in the RE group. ZO-1, occludin and claudin-1 were incompletely or even not expressed in the RE group. TJ proteins were expressed in the membrane instead of the cytoplasm in many epithelial cells in RE. With Western, the expression of ZO-1, occludin and claudin-1 was increased gradually in the RE group (P < 0.05). The phosphorylation levels of nmMLCK, MLC and ERK1/2 were also increased (P < 0.05). There was no marked changes in the esophageal epithelium in the sham-operation group. CONCLUSIONS TJ proteins could be used as sensitive markers of RE instead of DIS. ERK1/2 may participate in regulating TJ proteins in esophageal epithelia in RE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Cheng Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
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Xu X, Lu Y, Zhang G, Chen L, Tian D, Shen X, Yang Y, Dong F. Bisphenol A promotes dendritic morphogenesis of hippocampal neurons through estrogen receptor-mediated ERK1/2 signal pathway. Chemosphere 2014; 96:129-137. [PMID: 24231043 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.09.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Revised: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), an environmental endocrine disruptor, has attracted increasing attention to its adverse effects on brain developmental process. The previous study indicated that BPA rapidly increased motility and density of dendritic filopodia and enhanced the phosphorylation of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunit NR2B in cultured hippocampal neurons within 30min. The purpose of the present study was further to investigate the effects of BPA for 24h on dendritic morphogenesis and the underlying mechanisms. After cultured for 5d in vitro, the hippocampal neurons from 24h-old rat were infected by AdV-EGFP to indicate time-lapse imaging of living neurons. The results demonstrated that the exposure of the cultured hippocampal neurons to BPA (10, 100nM) or 17β-estradiol (17β-E2, 10nM) for 24h significantly promoted dendritic development, as evidenced by the increased total length of dendrite and the enhanced motility and density of dendritic filopodia. However, these changes were suppressed by an ERs antagonist, ICI182,780, a non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist, MK-801, and a mitogen-activated ERK1/2-activating kinase (MEK1/2) inhibitor, U0126. Meanwhile, the increased F-actin (filamentous actin) induced by BPA (100nM) was also completely eliminated by these blockers. Furthermore, the result of western blot analyses showed that, the exposure of the cultures to BPA or 17β-E2 for 24h promoted the expression of Rac1/Cdc42 but inhibited that of RhoA, suggesting Rac1 (Ras related C3 botulinum toxinsubstrate 1)/Cdc42 (cell divisioncycle 42) and RhoA (Ras homologous A), the Rho family of small GTPases, were involved in BPA- or 17β-E2-induced changes in the dendritic morphogenesis of neurons. These BPA- or 17β-E2-induced effects were completely blocked by ICI182,780, and were partially suppressed by U0126. These results reveal that, similar to 17β-E2, BPA exerts its effects on dendritic morphogenesis by eliciting both nuclear actions and extranuclear-initiated actions that are integrated to influence the development of dendrite in hippocampal neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Xu
- Chemistry and Life Sciences College, Zhejiang Normal University, China.
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Peart JN, Pepe S, Reichelt ME, Beckett N, See Hoe L, Ozberk V, Niesman IR, Patel HH, Headrick JP. Dysfunctional survival-signaling and stress-intolerance in aged murine and human myocardium. Exp Gerontol 2014. [PMID: 24316036 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2013.11.015.pubmed:24316036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Changes in cytoprotective signaling may influence cardiac aging, and underpin sensitization to ischemic insult and desensitization to 'anti-ischemic' therapies. We tested whether age-dependent shifts in ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) tolerance in murine and human myocardium are associated with reduced efficacies and coupling of membrane, cytoplasmic and mitochondrial survival-signaling. Hormesis (exemplified in ischemic preconditioning; IPC) and expression of proteins influencing signaling/stress-resistance were also assessed in mice. Mouse hearts (18 vs. 2-4 mo) and human atrial tissue (75±2 vs. 55±2 yrs) exhibited profound age-dependent reductions in I-R tolerance. In mice aging negated cardioprotection via IPC, G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) agonism (opioid, A1 and A3 adenosine receptors) and distal protein kinase c (PKC) activation (4 nM phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate; PMA). In contrast, p38-mitogen activated protein kinase (p38-MAPK) activation (1 μM anisomycin), mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K(+) channel (mKATP) opening (50 μM diazoxide) and permeability transition pore (mPTP) inhibition (0.2 μM cyclosporin A) retained protective efficacies in older hearts (though failed to eliminate I-R tolerance differences). A similar pattern of change in protective efficacies was observed in human tissue. Murine hearts exhibited molecular changes consistent with altered membrane control (reduced caveolin-3, cholesterol and caveolae), kinase signaling (reduced p70 ribosomal s6 kinase; p70s6K) and stress-resistance (increased G-protein receptor kinase 2, GRK2; glycogen synthase kinase 3β, GSK3β; and cytosolic cytochrome c). In summary, myocardial I-R tolerance declines with age in association with dysfunctional hormesis and transduction of survival signals from GPCRs/PKC to mitochondrial effectors. Differential changes in proteins governing caveolar and mitochondrial function may contribute to signal dysfunction and stress-intolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason N Peart
- Heart Foundation Research Centre, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | - Salvatore Pepe
- Heart Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Melissa E Reichelt
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Nikkie Beckett
- Heart Foundation Research Centre, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | - Louise See Hoe
- Heart Foundation Research Centre, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | - Victoria Ozberk
- Heart Foundation Research Centre, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | | | - Hemal H Patel
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, USA
| | - John P Headrick
- Heart Foundation Research Centre, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Southport, Australia.
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Nickols HH, Conn PJ. Development of allosteric modulators of GPCRs for treatment of CNS disorders. Neurobiol Dis 2014; 61:55-71. [PMID: 24076101 PMCID: PMC3875303 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2013.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Revised: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of allosteric modulators of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) provides a promising new strategy with potential for developing novel treatments for a variety of central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Traditional drug discovery efforts targeting GPCRs have focused on developing ligands for orthosteric sites which bind endogenous ligands. Allosteric modulators target a site separate from the orthosteric site to modulate receptor function. These allosteric agents can either potentiate (positive allosteric modulator, PAM) or inhibit (negative allosteric modulator, NAM) the receptor response and often provide much greater subtype selectivity than orthosteric ligands for the same receptors. Experimental evidence has revealed more nuanced pharmacological modes of action of allosteric modulators, with some PAMs showing allosteric agonism in combination with positive allosteric modulation in response to endogenous ligand (ago-potentiators) as well as "bitopic" ligands that interact with both the allosteric and orthosteric sites. Drugs targeting the allosteric site allow for increased drug selectivity and potentially decreased adverse side effects. Promising evidence has demonstrated potential utility of a number of allosteric modulators of GPCRs in multiple CNS disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease, as well as psychiatric or neurobehavioral diseases such as anxiety, schizophrenia, and addiction.
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Key Words
- (+)-6-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-2-ethyl-6,7-dihydrobenzo[d]oxazol-4(5H)-one
- (1-(4-cyano-4-(pyridine-2-yl)piperidine-1-yl)methyl-4-oxo-4H-quinolizine-3-carboxylic acid)
- (1S,2S)-N(1)-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxamide
- (1S,3R,4S)-1-aminocyclo-pentane-1,3,4-tricarboxylic acid
- (3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrano[2,3]b quinolin-7-yl)(cis-4-methoxycyclohexyl) methanone
- (3aS,5S,7aR)-methyl 5-hydroxy-5-(m-tolylethynyl)octahydro-1H-indole-1-carboxylate
- 1-(1′-(2-methylbenzyl)-1,4′-bipiperidin-4-yl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2(3H)-one
- 1-[3-(4-butyl-1-piperidinyl)propyl]-3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-quinolinone
- 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
- 2-(2-(3-methoxyphenyl)ethynyl)-5-methylpyridine
- 2-chloro-4-((2,5-dimethyl-1-(4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)-1Himidazol-4-yl)ethynyl)pyridine
- 2-methyl-6-(2-phenylethenyl)pyridine
- 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)-pyridine
- 3-cyano-N-(1,3-diphenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)benzamide
- 3-cyclohexyl-5-fluoro-6-methyl-7-(2-morpholin-4-ylethoxy)-4H-chromen-4-one
- 3[(2-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)ethylnyl]pyridine
- 4-((E)-styryl)-pyrimidin-2-ylamine
- 4-[1-(2-fluoropyridin-3-yl)-5-methyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl]-N-isopropyl-N-methyl-3,6-dihydropyridine-1(2H)-carboxamide
- 4-n-butyl-1-[4-(2-methylphenyl)-4-oxo-1-butyl]-piperidine
- 5-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)-pyridine
- 5MPEP
- 6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-methyl-3-(4-pyridinyl)-isoxazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-4(5H)-one
- 6-OHDA
- 6-hydroxydopamine
- 6-methyl-2-(phenylazo)-3-pyridinol
- 77-LH-28-1
- 7TMR
- AC-42
- ACPT-1
- AChE
- AD
- ADX71743
- AFQ056
- APP
- Allosteric modulator
- Alzheimer's disease
- BINA
- BQCA
- CDPPB
- CFMMC
- CNS
- CPPHA
- CTEP
- DA
- DFB
- DHPG
- Drug discovery
- ERK1/2
- FMRP
- FTIDC
- FXS
- Fragile X syndrome
- GABA
- GPCR
- JNJ16259685
- L-AP4
- L-DOPA
- Lu AF21934
- Lu AF32615
- M-5MPEP
- MMPIP
- MPEP
- MPTP
- MTEP
- Metabotropic glutamate receptor
- Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor
- N-[4-chloro-2[(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)methyl]phenyl]-2-hydrobenzamide
- N-methyl-d-aspartate
- N-phenyl-7-(hydroxylimino)cyclopropa[b]chromen-1a-carboxamide
- NAM
- NMDA
- PAM
- PCP
- PD
- PD-LID
- PET
- PHCCC
- PQCA
- Parkinson's disease
- Parkinson's disease levodopa-induced dyskinesia
- SAM
- SIB-1757
- SIB-1893
- TBPB
- [(3-fluorophenyl)methylene]hydrazone-3-fluorobenzaldehyde
- acetylcholinesterase
- amyloid precursor protein
- benzylquinolone carboxylic acid
- central nervous system
- dihydroxyphenylglycine
- dopamine
- extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2
- fragile X mental retardation protein
- l-(+)-2-amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid
- l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine
- mGlu
- metabotropic glutamate receptor
- negative allosteric modulator
- phencyclidine
- positive allosteric modulator
- positron emission tomography
- potassium 30-([(2-cyclopentyl-6-7-dimethyl-1-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-5yl)oxy]methyl)biphenyl l-4-carboxylate
- seven transmembrane receptor
- silent allosteric modulator
- γ-aminobutyric acid
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary Highfield Nickols
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - P. Jeffrey Conn
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
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Abstract
Pancreatic β-cells play a central role in type 2 diabetes (T2D) development, which is characterized by the progressive decline of the functional β-cell mass that is associated mainly with increased β-cell apoptosis. Thus, understanding how to enhance survival of β-cells is key for the management of T2D. The insulin receptor substrate-2 (IRS-2) protein is pivotal in mediating the insulin/IGF signaling pathway in β-cells. In fact, IRS-2 is critically required for β-cell compensation in conditions of increased insulin demand and for β-cell survival. Tungstate is a powerful antidiabetic agent that has been shown to promote β-cell recovery in toxin-induced diabetic rodent models. In this study, we investigated whether tungstate could prevent the onset of diabetes in a scenario of dysregulated insulin/IGF signaling and massive β-cell death. To this end, we treated mice deficient in IRS2 (Irs2(-/-)), which exhibit severe β-cell loss, with tungstate for 3 wk. Tungstate normalized glucose tolerance in Irs2(-/-) mice in correlation with increased β-cell mass, increased β-cell replication, and a striking threefold reduction in β-cell apoptosis. Islets from treated Irs2(-/-) exhibited increased phosphorylated Erk1/2. Interestingly, tungstate repressed apoptosis-related genes in Irs2(-/-) islets in vitro, and ERK1/2 blockade abolished some of these effects. Gene expression profiling showed evidence of a broad impact of tungstate on cell death pathways in islets from Irs2(-/-) mice, consistent with reduced apoptotic rates. Our results support the finding that β-cell death can be arrested in the absence of IRS2 and that therapies aimed at reversing β-cell mass decline are potential strategies to prevent the progression to T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Moitinho Oliveira
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Laboratory, Institut d'Investigations Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
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Peart JN, Pepe S, Reichelt ME, Beckett N, See Hoe L, Ozberk V, Niesman IR, Patel HH, Headrick JP. Dysfunctional survival-signaling and stress-intolerance in aged murine and human myocardium. Exp Gerontol 2013; 50:72-81. [PMID: 24316036 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2013.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Revised: 11/03/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Changes in cytoprotective signaling may influence cardiac aging, and underpin sensitization to ischemic insult and desensitization to 'anti-ischemic' therapies. We tested whether age-dependent shifts in ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) tolerance in murine and human myocardium are associated with reduced efficacies and coupling of membrane, cytoplasmic and mitochondrial survival-signaling. Hormesis (exemplified in ischemic preconditioning; IPC) and expression of proteins influencing signaling/stress-resistance were also assessed in mice. Mouse hearts (18 vs. 2-4 mo) and human atrial tissue (75±2 vs. 55±2 yrs) exhibited profound age-dependent reductions in I-R tolerance. In mice aging negated cardioprotection via IPC, G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) agonism (opioid, A1 and A3 adenosine receptors) and distal protein kinase c (PKC) activation (4 nM phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate; PMA). In contrast, p38-mitogen activated protein kinase (p38-MAPK) activation (1 μM anisomycin), mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K(+) channel (mKATP) opening (50 μM diazoxide) and permeability transition pore (mPTP) inhibition (0.2 μM cyclosporin A) retained protective efficacies in older hearts (though failed to eliminate I-R tolerance differences). A similar pattern of change in protective efficacies was observed in human tissue. Murine hearts exhibited molecular changes consistent with altered membrane control (reduced caveolin-3, cholesterol and caveolae), kinase signaling (reduced p70 ribosomal s6 kinase; p70s6K) and stress-resistance (increased G-protein receptor kinase 2, GRK2; glycogen synthase kinase 3β, GSK3β; and cytosolic cytochrome c). In summary, myocardial I-R tolerance declines with age in association with dysfunctional hormesis and transduction of survival signals from GPCRs/PKC to mitochondrial effectors. Differential changes in proteins governing caveolar and mitochondrial function may contribute to signal dysfunction and stress-intolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason N Peart
- Heart Foundation Research Centre, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | - Salvatore Pepe
- Heart Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Melissa E Reichelt
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Nikkie Beckett
- Heart Foundation Research Centre, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | - Louise See Hoe
- Heart Foundation Research Centre, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | - Victoria Ozberk
- Heart Foundation Research Centre, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | | | - Hemal H Patel
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, USA
| | - John P Headrick
- Heart Foundation Research Centre, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Southport, Australia.
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Champelovier P, Chauchet X, Hazane-Puch F, Vergnaud S, Garrel C, Laporte F, Boutonnat J, Boumendjel A. Cellular and molecular mechanisms activating the cell death processes by chalcones: Critical structural effects. Toxicol In Vitro 2013; 27:2305-15. [PMID: 24134853 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2013.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Revised: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chalcones are naturally occurring compounds with diverse pharmacological activities. Chalcones derive from the common structure: 1,3-diphenylpropenone. The present study aims to better understand the mechanistic pathways triggering chalcones anticancer effects and providing evidences that minor structural difference could lead to important difference in mechanistic effect. We selected two recently investigated chalcones (A and B) and investigated them on glioblastoma cell lines. It was found that chalcone A induced an apoptotic process (type I PCD), via the activation of caspase-3, -8 and -9. Chalcone A also increased CDK1/cyclin B ratios and decreased the mitochondrial transmembrane potential (ΔΨm). Chalcone B induced an autophagic cell death process (type II PCD), ROS-related but independent of both caspases and protein synthesis. Both chalcones increased Bax/Bcl2 ratios and decreased Ki67 and CD71 antigen expressions. The present investigation reveals that despite the close structure of chalcones A and B, significant differences in mechanism of effect were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Champelovier
- Laboratoire de Cytologie, Département d'Anatomie et de Cytologie Pathologiques, Institut de Biologie et de Pathologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Hôpital A. Michallon, CS10217, 38043 Grenoble cedex 09, France.
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50
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Wang T, Wu F, Jin Z, Zhai Z, Wang Y, Tu B, Yan W, Tang T. Plumbagin inhibits LPS-induced inflammation through the inactivation of the nuclear factor-kappa B and mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathways in RAW 264.7 cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 64:177-83. [PMID: 24296134 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 11/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Plumbagin (PL) has been reported to exhibit anti-carcinogenic, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities, but little is known about its mechanism. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory property of PL and its mechanism of action. Although no significant cytotoxicity of PL was observed over the concentration range tested, PL (2.5-7.5 μM) significantly and dose-dependently suppressed the secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators and inhibited the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and iNOS in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Furthermore, PL consistently suppressed the activity of iNOS in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. To elucidate the mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory activity of PL, we assessed the effects of PL on the MAPK pathway and the activity and expression of NF-κB. These experiments demonstrated that PL significantly reduced the luciferase activity of an NF-κB promoter reporter and p65 nuclear translocation. The LPS-induced phosphorylation of MAP kinases was also attenuated by PL; significant changes were observed in the levels of phosphorylated ERK1/2, JNK and p38 MAPK. Additionally, MAPK inhibitors confirmed the inhibitory effect of PL on the MAPK pathway. Taken together, these data suggest that PL exerts its anti-inflammatory effects by down-regulating the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators through inhibition of NF-κB and MAPK signaling in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyu Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Feihua Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Zhigui Jin
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Zanjing Zhai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yugang Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Bing Tu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Tingting Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai 200011, China.
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