1
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Wegeng WR, Bogus SM, Ruiz M, Chavez SR, Noori KSM, Niesman IR, Ernst AM. A Hollow TFG Condensate Spatially Compartmentalizes the Early Secretory Pathway. bioRxiv 2024:2024.03.26.586876. [PMID: 38585729 PMCID: PMC10996658 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.26.586876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
In the early secretory pathway, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi membranes form a nearly spherical interface. In this ribosome-excluding zone, bidirectional transport of cargo coincides with a spatial segregation of anterograde and retrograde carriers by an unknown mechanism. We show that at physiological conditions, Trk-fused gene (TFG) self-organizes to form a hollow, anisotropic condensate that matches the dimensions of the ER-Golgi interface. Regularly spaced hydrophobic residues in TFG control the condensation mechanism and result in a porous condensate surface. We find that TFG condensates act as a molecular sieve, enabling molecules corresponding to the size of anterograde coats (COPII) to access the condensate interior while restricting retrograde coats (COPI). We propose that a hollow TFG condensate structures the ER-Golgi interface to create a diffusion-limited space for bidirectional transport. We further propose that TFG condensates optimize membrane flux by insulating secretory carriers in their lumen from retrograde carriers outside TFG cages.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R. Wegeng
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
| | - Savannah M. Bogus
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
| | - Miguel Ruiz
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
| | - Sindy R. Chavez
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
| | - Khalid S. M. Noori
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
| | - Ingrid R. Niesman
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182 USA
| | - Andreas M. Ernst
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
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2
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Zuniga-Hertz JP, Chitteti R, Dispenza J, Cuomo R, Bonds JA, Kopp EL, Simpson S, Okerblom J, Maurya S, Rana BK, Miyonahara A, Niesman IR, Maree J, Belza G, Hamilton HD, Stanton C, Gonzalez DJ, Poirier MA, Moeller-Bertram T, Patel HH. Meditation-induced bloodborne factors as an adjuvant treatment to COVID-19 disease. Brain Behav Immun Health 2023; 32:100675. [PMID: 37600600 PMCID: PMC10432704 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2023.100675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Management of the pandemic has relied mainly on SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, while alternative approaches such as meditation, shown to improve immunity, have been largely unexplored. Here, we probe the relationship between meditation and COVID-19 disease and directly test the impact of meditation on the induction of a blood environment that modulates viral infection. We found a significant inverse correlation between length of meditation practice and SARS-CoV-2 infection as well as accelerated resolution of symptomology of those infected. A meditation "dosing" effect was also observed. In cultured human lung cells, blood from experienced meditators induced factors that prevented entry of pseudotyped viruses for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein of both the wild-type Wuhan-1 virus and the Delta variant. We identified and validated SERPINA5, a serine protease inhibitor, as one possible protein factor in the blood of meditators that is necessary and sufficient for limiting pseudovirus entry into cells. In summary, we conclude that meditation can enhance resiliency to viral infection and may serve as a possible adjuvant therapy in the management of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan P. Zuniga-Hertz
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA, 92161, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Ramamurthy Chitteti
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA, 92161, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | | | - Raphael Cuomo
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Jacqueline A. Bonds
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA, 92161, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Elena L. Kopp
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA, 92161, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Sierra Simpson
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Jonathan Okerblom
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Svetlana Maurya
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Brinda K. Rana
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Atsushi Miyonahara
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Ingrid R. Niesman
- San Diego State University, Electron Microscope Facility, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Jacqueline Maree
- VitaMed Research, 44630 Monterey Ave., Palm Desert, CA, 92260, USA
| | - Gianna Belza
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA, 92161, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | | | | | - David J. Gonzalez
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | | | | | - Hemal H. Patel
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA, 92161, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
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3
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Kuang E, Okumura CYM, Sheffy-Levin S, Varsano T, Shu VCW, Qi J, Niesman IR, Yang HJ, López-Otín C, Yang WY, Reed JC, Broday L, Nizet V, Ronai ZA. Correction: Regulation of ATG4B Stability by RNF5 Limits Basal Levels of Autophagy and Influences Susceptibility to Bacterial Infection. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1008795. [PMID: 32392217 PMCID: PMC7213681 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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4
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Egawa J, Zemljic-Harpf A, Mandyam CD, Niesman IR, Lysenko LV, Kleschevnikov AM, Roth DM, Patel HH, Patel PM, Head BP. Neuron-Targeted Caveolin-1 Promotes Ultrastructural and Functional Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity. Cereb Cortex 2019; 28:3255-3266. [PMID: 28981594 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhx196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A delicate interneuronal communication between pre- and postsynaptic membranes is critical for synaptic plasticity and the formation of memory. Evidence shows that membrane/lipid rafts (MLRs), plasma membrane microdomains enriched in cholesterol and sphingolipids, organize presynaptic proteins and postsynaptic receptors necessary for synaptic formation and signaling. MLRs establish a cell polarity that facilitates transduction of extracellular cues to the intracellular environment. Here we show that neuron-targeted overexpression of an MLR protein, caveolin-1 (SynCav1), in the adult mouse hippocampus increased the number of presynaptic vesicles per bouton, total excitatory type I glutamatergic synapses, number of same-dendrite multiple-synapse boutons, increased myelination, increased long-term potentiation, and increased MLR-localized N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor subunits (GluN1, GluN2A, and GluN2B). Immunogold electron microscopy revealed that Cav-1 localizes to both the pre- and postsynaptic membrane regions as well as in the synaptic cleft. These findings, which are consistent with a significant increase in ultrastructural and functional synaptic plasticity, provide a fundamental framework that underlies previously demonstrated improvements in learning and memory in adult and aged mice by SynCav1. Such observations suggest that Cav-1 and MLRs alter basic aspects of synapse biology that could serve as potential therapeutic targets to promote neuroplasticity and combat neurodegeneration in a number of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junji Egawa
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alice Zemljic-Harpf
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Chitra D Mandyam
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Larisa V Lysenko
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - David M Roth
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hemal H Patel
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Piyush M Patel
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Brian P Head
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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5
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Godoy JC, Niesman IR, Busija AR, Kassan A, Schilling JM, Schwarz A, Alvarez EA, Dalton ND, Drummond JC, Roth DM, Kararigas G, Patel HH, Zemljic-Harpf AE. Atorvastatin, but not pravastatin, inhibits cardiac Akt/mTOR signaling and disturbs mitochondrial ultrastructure in cardiac myocytes. FASEB J 2018; 33:1209-1225. [PMID: 30169110 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800876r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Statins, which reduce LDL-cholesterol by inhibition of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase, are among the most widely prescribed drugs. Skeletal myopathy is a known statin-induced adverse effect associated with mitochondrial changes. We hypothesized that similar effects would occur in cardiac myocytes in a lipophilicity-dependent manner between 2 common statins: atorvastatin (lipophilic) and pravastatin (hydrophilic). Neonatal cardiac ventricular myocytes were treated with atorvastatin and pravastatin for 48 h. Both statins induced endoplasmic reticular (ER) stress, but only atorvastatin inhibited ERK1/2T202/Y204, AktSer473, and mammalian target of rapamycin signaling; reduced protein abundance of caveolin-1, dystrophin, epidermal growth factor receptor, and insulin receptor-β; decreased Ras homolog gene family member A activation; and induced apoptosis. In cardiomyocyte-equivalent HL-1 cells, atorvastatin, but not pravastatin, reduced mitochondrial oxygen consumption. When male mice underwent atorvastatin and pravastatin administration per os for up to 7 mo, only long-term atorvastatin, but not pravastatin, induced elevated serum creatine kinase; swollen, misaligned, size-variable, and disconnected cardiac mitochondria; alteration of ER structure; repression of mitochondria- and endoplasmic reticulum-related genes; and a 21% increase in mortality in cardiac-specific vinculin-knockout mice during the first 2 months of administration. To our knowledge, we are the first to demonstrate in vivo that long-term atorvastatin administration alters cardiac ultrastructure, a finding with important clinical implications.-Godoy, J. C., Niesman, I. R., Busija, A. R., Kassan, A., Schilling, J. M., Schwarz, A., Alvarez, E. A., Dalton, N. D., Drummond, J. C., Roth, D. M., Kararigas, G., Patel, H. H., Zemljic-Harpf, A. E. Atorvastatin, but not pravastatin, inhibits cardiac Akt/mTOR signaling and disturbs mitochondrial ultrastructure in cardiac myocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph C Godoy
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Ingrid R Niesman
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Anna R Busija
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Adam Kassan
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Coast University, North Hollywood, California, USA
| | - Jan M Schilling
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Anna Schwarz
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Erika A Alvarez
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Nancy D Dalton
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - John C Drummond
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - David M Roth
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Georgios Kararigas
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Berlin, Germany
| | - Hemal H Patel
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Alice E Zemljic-Harpf
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
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6
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Schilling JM, Dhanani M, Haushalter KJ, Howell SA, Verma R, Niesman IR, Zemljic-Harpf AE, Patel HH. Loss of caveolin-1 alters cardiac mitochondrial function and increases susceptibility to stress. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2017.07.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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7
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Pearn ML, Niesman IR, Egawa J, Sawada A, Almenar-Queralt A, Shah SB, Duckworth JL, Head BP. Pathophysiology Associated with Traumatic Brain Injury: Current Treatments and Potential Novel Therapeutics. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2017; 37:571-585. [PMID: 27383839 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-016-0400-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of death of young people in the developed world. In the United States alone, 1.7 million traumatic events occur annually accounting for 50,000 deaths. The etiology of TBI includes traffic accidents, falls, gunshot wounds, sports, and combat-related events. TBI severity ranges from mild to severe. TBI can induce subtle changes in molecular signaling, alterations in cellular structure and function, and/or primary tissue injury, such as contusion, hemorrhage, and diffuse axonal injury. TBI results in blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage and leakage, which allows for increased extravasation of immune cells (i.e., increased neuroinflammation). BBB dysfunction and impaired homeostasis contribute to secondary injury that occurs from hours to days to months after the initial trauma. This delayed nature of the secondary injury suggests a potential therapeutic window. The focus of this article is on the (1) pathophysiology of TBI and (2) potential therapies that include biologics (stem cells, gene therapy, peptides), pharmacological (anti-inflammatory, antiepileptic, progrowth), and noninvasive (exercise, transcranial magnetic stimulation). In final, the review briefly discusses membrane/lipid rafts (MLR) and the MLR-associated protein caveolin (Cav). Interventions that increase Cav-1, MLR formation, and MLR recruitment of growth-promoting signaling components may augment the efficacy of pharmacologic agents or already existing endogenous neurotransmitters and neurotrophins that converge upon progrowth signaling cascades resulting in improved neuronal function after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L Pearn
- Department of Anesthesiology, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, VA Medical Center 125, University of California, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA, 92161-5085, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Ingrid R Niesman
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Junji Egawa
- Department of Anesthesiology, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, VA Medical Center 125, University of California, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA, 92161-5085, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Atsushi Sawada
- Department of Anesthesiology, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, VA Medical Center 125, University of California, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA, 92161-5085, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Angels Almenar-Queralt
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Sameer B Shah
- UCSD Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Bioengineering, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Josh L Duckworth
- Department of Neurology, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Brian P Head
- Department of Anesthesiology, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, VA Medical Center 125, University of California, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA, 92161-5085, USA.
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.
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8
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Mandyam CD, Schilling JM, Cui W, Egawa J, Niesman IR, Kellerhals SE, Staples MC, Busija AR, Risbrough VB, Posadas E, Grogman GC, Chang JW, Roth DM, Patel PM, Patel HH, Head BP. Neuron-Targeted Caveolin-1 Improves Molecular Signaling, Plasticity, and Behavior Dependent on the Hippocampus in Adult and Aged Mice. Biol Psychiatry 2017; 81:101-110. [PMID: 26592463 PMCID: PMC4826329 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies in vitro demonstrate that neuronal membrane/lipid rafts (MLRs) establish cell polarity by clustering progrowth receptors and tethering cytoskeletal machinery necessary for neuronal sprouting. However, the effect of MLR and MLR-associated proteins on neuronal aging is unknown. METHODS Here, we assessed the impact of neuron-targeted overexpression of an MLR scaffold protein, caveolin-1 (Cav-1) (via a synapsin promoter, SynCav1), in the hippocampus in vivo in adult (6-month-old) and aged (20-month-old) mice on biochemical, morphologic, and behavioral changes. RESULTS SynCav1 resulted in increased expression of Cav-1, MLRs, and MLR-localization of Cav-1 and tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor independent of age and time post gene transfer. Cav-1 overexpression in adult mice enhanced dendritic arborization within the apical dendrites of hippocampal cornu ammonis 1 and granule cell neurons, effects that were also observed in aged mice, albeit to a lesser extent, indicating preserved impact of Cav-1 on structural plasticity of hippocampal neurons with age. Cav-1 overexpression enhanced contextual fear memory in adult and aged mice demonstrating improved hippocampal function. CONCLUSIONS Neuron-targeted overexpression of Cav-1 in the adult and aged hippocampus enhances functional MLRs with corresponding roles in cell signaling and protein trafficking. The resultant structural alterations in hippocampal neurons in vivo are associated with improvements in hippocampal-dependent learning and memory. Our findings suggest Cav-1 as a novel therapeutic strategy in disorders involving impaired hippocampal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitra D. Mandyam
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSD,Committee on the Neurobiology of Addictive Disorders, TSRI
| | - Jan M. Schilling
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System,Department of Anesthesiology, UCSD
| | - Weihua Cui
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System,Department of Anesthesiology, UCSD,Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University
| | - Junji Egawa
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System,Department of Anesthesiology, UCSD
| | - Ingrid R. Niesman
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, UCSD, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine
| | - Sarah E. Kellerhals
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System,Department of Anesthesiology, UCSD
| | | | - Anna R. Busija
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System,Department of Anesthesiology, UCSD
| | | | - Edmund Posadas
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System,Department of Anesthesiology, UCSD
| | - Grace C. Grogman
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System,Department of Anesthesiology, UCSD
| | - Jamie W. Chang
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System,Department of Anesthesiology, UCSD
| | - David M. Roth
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System,Department of Anesthesiology, UCSD
| | - Piyush M. Patel
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System,Department of Anesthesiology, UCSD
| | - Hemal H. Patel
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System,Department of Anesthesiology, UCSD
| | - Brian P. Head
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System,Department of Anesthesiology, UCSD,Corresponding Author: Brian P. Head, Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, VASDHS (9125), 3350 La Jolla Village Dr., San Diego, CA 92161, USA.
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9
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Israeli-Rosenberg S, Chen C, Li R, Deussen DN, Niesman IR, Okada H, Patel HH, Roth DM, Ross RS. Caveolin modulates integrin function and mechanical activation in the cardiomyocyte. FASEB J 2014; 29:374-84. [PMID: 25366344 DOI: 10.1096/fj.13-243139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
β1 integrins (β1) transduce mechanical signals in many cells, including cardiac myocytes (CM). Given their close localization, as well as their role in mechanotransduction and signaling, we hypothesized that caveolin (Cav) proteins might regulate integrins in the CM. β1 localization, complex formation, activation state, and signaling were analyzed using wild-type, Cav3 knockout, and Cav3 CM-specific transgenic heart and myocyte samples. Studies were performed under basal and mechanically loaded conditions. We found that: (1) β1 and Cav3 colocalize in CM and coimmunoprecipitate from CM protein lysates; (2) β1 is detected in a subset of caveolae; (3) loss of Cav3 caused reduction of β1D integrin isoform and active β1 integrin from the buoyant domains in the heart; (4) increased expression of myocyte Cav3 correlates with increased active β1 integrin in adult CM; (5) in vivo pressure overload of the wild-type heart results in increased activated integrin in buoyant membrane domains along with increased association between active integrin and Cav3; and (6) Cav3-deficient myocytes have perturbed basal and stretch mediated signaling responses. Thus, Cav3 protein can modify integrin function and mechanotransduction in the CM and intact heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Israeli-Rosenberg
- *Department of Medicine and Department of Anesthesiology, University of California at San Diego, School of Medicine, San Diego, California, USA; U.S. Veterans Administration, San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA; and Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Chao Chen
- *Department of Medicine and Department of Anesthesiology, University of California at San Diego, School of Medicine, San Diego, California, USA; U.S. Veterans Administration, San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA; and Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ruixia Li
- *Department of Medicine and Department of Anesthesiology, University of California at San Diego, School of Medicine, San Diego, California, USA; U.S. Veterans Administration, San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA; and Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel N Deussen
- *Department of Medicine and Department of Anesthesiology, University of California at San Diego, School of Medicine, San Diego, California, USA; U.S. Veterans Administration, San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA; and Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid R Niesman
- *Department of Medicine and Department of Anesthesiology, University of California at San Diego, School of Medicine, San Diego, California, USA; U.S. Veterans Administration, San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA; and Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Hideshi Okada
- *Department of Medicine and Department of Anesthesiology, University of California at San Diego, School of Medicine, San Diego, California, USA; U.S. Veterans Administration, San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA; and Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Hemal H Patel
- *Department of Medicine and Department of Anesthesiology, University of California at San Diego, School of Medicine, San Diego, California, USA; U.S. Veterans Administration, San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA; and Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - David M Roth
- *Department of Medicine and Department of Anesthesiology, University of California at San Diego, School of Medicine, San Diego, California, USA; U.S. Veterans Administration, San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA; and Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Robert S Ross
- *Department of Medicine and Department of Anesthesiology, University of California at San Diego, School of Medicine, San Diego, California, USA; U.S. Veterans Administration, San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA; and Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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10
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See Hoe LE, Schilling JM, Tarbit E, Kiessling CJ, Busija AR, Niesman IR, Du Toit E, Ashton KJ, Roth DM, Headrick JP, Patel HH, Peart JN. Sarcolemmal cholesterol and caveolin-3 dependence of cardiac function, ischemic tolerance, and opioidergic cardioprotection. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2014; 307:H895-903. [PMID: 25063791 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00081.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cholesterol-rich caveolar microdomains and associated caveolins influence sarcolemmal ion channel and receptor function and protective stress signaling. However, the importance of membrane cholesterol content to cardiovascular function and myocardial responses to ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) and cardioprotective stimuli are unclear. We assessed the effects of graded cholesterol depletion with methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD) and lifelong knockout (KO) or overexpression (OE) of caveolin-3 (Cav-3) on cardiac function, I/R tolerance, and opioid receptor (OR)-mediated protection. Langendorff-perfused hearts from young male C57Bl/6 mice were untreated or treated with 0.02-1.0 mM MβCD for 25 min to deplete membrane cholesterol and disrupt caveolae. Hearts were subjected to 25-min ischemia/45-min reperfusion, and the cardioprotective effects of morphine applied either acutely or chronically [sustained ligand-activated preconditioning (SLP)] were assessed. MβCD concentration dependently reduced normoxic contractile function and postischemic outcomes in association with graded (10-30%) reductions in sarcolemmal cholesterol. Cardioprotection with acute morphine was abolished with ≥20 μM MβCD, whereas SLP was more robust and only inhibited with ≥200 μM MβCD. Deletion of Cav-3 also reduced, whereas Cav-3 OE improved, myocardial I/R tolerance. Protection via SLP remained equally effective in Cav-3 KO mice and was additive with innate protection arising with Cav-3 OE. These data reveal the membrane cholesterol dependence of normoxic myocardial and coronary function, I/R tolerance, and OR-mediated cardioprotection in murine hearts (all declining with cholesterol depletion). In contrast, baseline function appears insensitive to Cav-3, whereas cardiac I/R tolerance parallels Cav-3 expression. Novel SLP appears unique, being less sensitive to cholesterol depletion than acute OR protection and arising independently of Cav-3 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise E See Hoe
- Heart Foundation Research Centre, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jan M Schilling
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California
| | - Emiri Tarbit
- Heart Foundation Research Centre, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Can J Kiessling
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, Queensland, Australia; and
| | - Anna R Busija
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California
| | - Ingrid R Niesman
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California
| | - Eugene Du Toit
- Heart Foundation Research Centre, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kevin J Ashton
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, Queensland, Australia; and
| | - David M Roth
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California; Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - John P Headrick
- Heart Foundation Research Centre, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Hemal H Patel
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California; Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Jason N Peart
- Heart Foundation Research Centre, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia;
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11
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Zemljic-Harpf A, Godoy JC, Niesman IR, Schilling JM, Schwarz A, Asfaw EK, Alvarez EA, Dalton ND, Patel PM, Head BP, Drummond JC, Roth DM, Kararigas G, Patel HH. Abstract 320: Long-term Atorvastatin, But Not Pravastatin, Treatment Leads To Repressed Mitochondrial Gene Expression And Altered Cardiac Ultrastructure. Circ Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1161/res.115.suppl_1.320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Statins reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and decrease cardiovascular events. Although statins are generally well tolerated, the FDA warns that statins may induce skeletal muscle side effects, cognitive changes and increased fasting glucose levels. Skeletal muscle biopsies from patients with statin myopathy have revealed defects in mitochondrial ultrastructure. Impaired mitochondrial function has been postulated as a key cause of statin-induced myopathy and hepatotoxicity. Long-term statin effects on cardiac muscle are currently unknown.
Wild type mice received atorvastatin, pravastatin or vehicle daily for seven months by oral gavage. Atorvastatin and pravastatin reduced LDL-C compared to vehicle. Echocardiography at two-week intervals showed no differences in %FS, %EF, circumferential fiber shortening and ventricular wall thicknesses between atorvastatin, pravastatin and vehicle treated mice. After seven months of atorvastatin, pravastatin or vehicle administration cardiac muscles (n=21-29) were analyzed, and only atorvastatin treated hearts revealed: A) swollen and misaligned mitochondria and accumulation of protein aggregates by transmission electron microscopy (n=4, each), and B) repression of mitochondrial and endoplasmatic reticulum related genes by genome-wide expression profiling. In cultured ventricular myocytes, atorvastatin, but not pravastatin; 1) down-regulated survival pathways via inhibition of ERK1/2T202/Y204, AktSer473 and mTOR signaling (p70 S6 kinaseThy421/Ser4240 and S6 RPSER 235/236), 2) reduced protein expression of caveolin-1, dystrophin, epithermal growth factor receptor and insulin receptor β, 3) decreased RhoA activation, and 4) induced apoptosis.
LDL-C reduction by atorvastatin, but not pravastatin, was associated with a repression of mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum related genes, an accumulation of protein aggregates, and swollen mitochondria. This is the first report demonstrating that long-term atorvastatin treatment causes adverse effects on cardiac muscle with preserved cardiac function. Whether these changes predispose atorvastatin treated hearts to contractile dysfunction after hemodynamic stress needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Georgios Kararigas
- Institute of Gender in Medicine and Cntr for Cardiovascular Rsch, Charite Univ Hosp, Berlin, Germany
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12
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Schilling JM, Cui W, Godoy JC, Risbrough VB, Niesman IR, Roth DM, Patel PM, Drummond JC, Patel HH, Zemljic-Harpf AE, Head BP. Long-term atorvastatin treatment leads to alterations in behavior, cognition, and hippocampal biochemistry. Behav Brain Res 2014; 267:6-11. [PMID: 24657594 PMCID: PMC4059187 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2014.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Revised: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Membrane/lipid rafts (MLR) are plasmalemmal microdomains that are essential for neuronal signaling and synaptic development/stabilization. Statins inhibit HMG-CoA reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of mevalonic, a precursor to cholesterol via the mevalonate pathway. Because there has been controversy over the effects of statins on neuronal and cognitive function, we investigated the impact of long-term atorvastatin treatment (5mg/kg/d for 7 months by oral gavage) on behavior, cognition, and brain biochemistry in mice. We hypothesized that long-term statin treatment would alter lipid rafts and cognitive function. Atorvastatin treatment resulted in behavioral deficits as measured in paradigms for basic exploration (open field activity) and cognitive function (Barnes maze, startle response) without impairment in global motor function (Rotor Rod). Furthermore, significant changes in MLR-associated proteins (syntaxin-1α and synaptophysin) and a global change of post-synaptic density protein-95 (PSD95) were observed. The observed decreases in the MLR-localized pre-synaptic vesicle proteins syntaxin-1α and synaptophysin suggest a molecular mechanism for the statin-associated impairment of cognitive function that was observed and that has been suggested by the clinical literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan M Schilling
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA 92161, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Weihua Cui
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; VA San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA 92161, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Joseph C Godoy
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA 92161, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92092, USA
| | - Victoria B Risbrough
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA 92161, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92092, USA
| | - Ingrid R Niesman
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; VA San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
| | - David M Roth
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA 92161, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Piyush M Patel
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA 92161, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - John C Drummond
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA 92161, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Hemal H Patel
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA 92161, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Alice E Zemljic-Harpf
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA 92161, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Brian P Head
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA 92161, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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13
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Niesman IR, Schilling JM, Shapiro LA, Kellerhals SE, Bonds JA, Kleschevnikov AM, Cui W, Voong A, Krajewski S, Ali SS, Roth DM, Patel HH, Patel PM, Head BP. Traumatic brain injury enhances neuroinflammation and lesion volume in caveolin deficient mice. J Neuroinflammation 2014; 11:39. [PMID: 24593993 PMCID: PMC3975903 DOI: 10.1186/1742-2094-11-39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) enhances pro-inflammatory responses, neuronal loss and long-term behavioral deficits. Caveolins (Cavs) are regulators of neuronal and glial survival signaling. Previously we showed that astrocyte and microglial activation is increased in Cav-1 knock-out (KO) mice and that Cav-1 and Cav-3 modulate microglial morphology. We hypothesized that Cavs may regulate cytokine production after TBI. Methods Controlled cortical impact (CCI) model of TBI (3 m/second; 1.0 mm depth; parietal cortex) was performed on wild-type (WT; C57Bl/6), Cav-1 KO, and Cav-3 KO mice. Histology and immunofluorescence microscopy (lesion volume, glia activation), behavioral tests (open field, balance beam, wire grip, T-maze), electrophysiology, electron paramagnetic resonance, membrane fractionation, and multiplex assays were performed. Data were analyzed by unpaired t tests or analysis of variance (ANOVA) with post-hoc Bonferroni’s multiple comparison. Results CCI increased cortical and hippocampal injury and decreased expression of MLR-localized synaptic proteins (24 hours), enhanced NADPH oxidase (Nox) activity (24 hours and 1 week), enhanced polysynaptic responses (1 week), and caused hippocampal-dependent learning deficits (3 months). CCI increased brain lesion volume in both Cav-3 and Cav-1 KO mice after 24 hours (P < 0.0001, n = 4; one-way ANOVA). Multiplex array revealed a significant increase in expression of IL-1β, IL-9, IL-10, KC (keratinocyte chemoattractant), and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) in ipsilateral hemisphere and IL-9, IL-10, IL-17, and macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha (MIP-1α) in contralateral hemisphere of WT mice after 4 hours. CCI increased IL-2, IL-6, KC and MCP-1 in ipsilateral and IL-6, IL-9, IL-17 and KC in contralateral hemispheres in Cav-1 KO and increased all 10 cytokines/chemokines in both hemispheres except for IL-17 (ipsilateral) and MIP-1α (contralateral) in Cav-3 KO (versus WT CCI). Cav-3 KO CCI showed increased IL-1β, IL-9, KC, MCP-1, MIP-1α, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in ipsilateral and IL-1β, IL-2, IL-9, IL-10, and IL-17 in contralateral hemispheres (P = 0.0005, n = 6; two-way ANOVA) compared to Cav-1 KO CCI. Conclusion CCI caused astrocyte and microglial activation and hippocampal neuronal injury. Cav-1 and Cav-3 KO exhibited enhanced lesion volume and cytokine/chemokine production after CCI. These findings suggest that Cav isoforms may regulate neuroinflammatory responses and neuroprotection following TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Brian P Head
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA 92161, USA.
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14
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Peart JN, Pepe S, Reichelt ME, Beckett N, See Hoe L, Ozberk V, Niesman IR, Patel HH, Headrick JP. Dysfunctional survival-signaling and stress-intolerance in aged murine and human myocardium. Exp Gerontol 2014. [PMID: 24316036 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2013.11.015.pubmed:24316036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Changes in cytoprotective signaling may influence cardiac aging, and underpin sensitization to ischemic insult and desensitization to 'anti-ischemic' therapies. We tested whether age-dependent shifts in ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) tolerance in murine and human myocardium are associated with reduced efficacies and coupling of membrane, cytoplasmic and mitochondrial survival-signaling. Hormesis (exemplified in ischemic preconditioning; IPC) and expression of proteins influencing signaling/stress-resistance were also assessed in mice. Mouse hearts (18 vs. 2-4 mo) and human atrial tissue (75±2 vs. 55±2 yrs) exhibited profound age-dependent reductions in I-R tolerance. In mice aging negated cardioprotection via IPC, G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) agonism (opioid, A1 and A3 adenosine receptors) and distal protein kinase c (PKC) activation (4 nM phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate; PMA). In contrast, p38-mitogen activated protein kinase (p38-MAPK) activation (1 μM anisomycin), mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K(+) channel (mKATP) opening (50 μM diazoxide) and permeability transition pore (mPTP) inhibition (0.2 μM cyclosporin A) retained protective efficacies in older hearts (though failed to eliminate I-R tolerance differences). A similar pattern of change in protective efficacies was observed in human tissue. Murine hearts exhibited molecular changes consistent with altered membrane control (reduced caveolin-3, cholesterol and caveolae), kinase signaling (reduced p70 ribosomal s6 kinase; p70s6K) and stress-resistance (increased G-protein receptor kinase 2, GRK2; glycogen synthase kinase 3β, GSK3β; and cytosolic cytochrome c). In summary, myocardial I-R tolerance declines with age in association with dysfunctional hormesis and transduction of survival signals from GPCRs/PKC to mitochondrial effectors. Differential changes in proteins governing caveolar and mitochondrial function may contribute to signal dysfunction and stress-intolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason N Peart
- Heart Foundation Research Centre, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | - Salvatore Pepe
- Heart Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Melissa E Reichelt
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Nikkie Beckett
- Heart Foundation Research Centre, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | - Louise See Hoe
- Heart Foundation Research Centre, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | - Victoria Ozberk
- Heart Foundation Research Centre, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | | | - Hemal H Patel
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, USA
| | - John P Headrick
- Heart Foundation Research Centre, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Southport, Australia.
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15
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Peart JN, Pepe S, Reichelt ME, Beckett N, See Hoe L, Ozberk V, Niesman IR, Patel HH, Headrick JP. Dysfunctional survival-signaling and stress-intolerance in aged murine and human myocardium. Exp Gerontol 2013; 50:72-81. [PMID: 24316036 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2013.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Revised: 11/03/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Changes in cytoprotective signaling may influence cardiac aging, and underpin sensitization to ischemic insult and desensitization to 'anti-ischemic' therapies. We tested whether age-dependent shifts in ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) tolerance in murine and human myocardium are associated with reduced efficacies and coupling of membrane, cytoplasmic and mitochondrial survival-signaling. Hormesis (exemplified in ischemic preconditioning; IPC) and expression of proteins influencing signaling/stress-resistance were also assessed in mice. Mouse hearts (18 vs. 2-4 mo) and human atrial tissue (75±2 vs. 55±2 yrs) exhibited profound age-dependent reductions in I-R tolerance. In mice aging negated cardioprotection via IPC, G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) agonism (opioid, A1 and A3 adenosine receptors) and distal protein kinase c (PKC) activation (4 nM phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate; PMA). In contrast, p38-mitogen activated protein kinase (p38-MAPK) activation (1 μM anisomycin), mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K(+) channel (mKATP) opening (50 μM diazoxide) and permeability transition pore (mPTP) inhibition (0.2 μM cyclosporin A) retained protective efficacies in older hearts (though failed to eliminate I-R tolerance differences). A similar pattern of change in protective efficacies was observed in human tissue. Murine hearts exhibited molecular changes consistent with altered membrane control (reduced caveolin-3, cholesterol and caveolae), kinase signaling (reduced p70 ribosomal s6 kinase; p70s6K) and stress-resistance (increased G-protein receptor kinase 2, GRK2; glycogen synthase kinase 3β, GSK3β; and cytosolic cytochrome c). In summary, myocardial I-R tolerance declines with age in association with dysfunctional hormesis and transduction of survival signals from GPCRs/PKC to mitochondrial effectors. Differential changes in proteins governing caveolar and mitochondrial function may contribute to signal dysfunction and stress-intolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason N Peart
- Heart Foundation Research Centre, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | - Salvatore Pepe
- Heart Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Melissa E Reichelt
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Nikkie Beckett
- Heart Foundation Research Centre, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | - Louise See Hoe
- Heart Foundation Research Centre, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | - Victoria Ozberk
- Heart Foundation Research Centre, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | | | - Hemal H Patel
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, USA
| | - John P Headrick
- Heart Foundation Research Centre, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Southport, Australia.
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16
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Povero D, Eguchi A, Niesman IR, Andronikou N, de Mollerat du Jeu X, Mulya A, Berk M, Lazic M, Thapaliya S, Parola M, Patel HH, Feldstein AE. Lipid-induced toxicity stimulates hepatocytes to release angiogenic microparticles that require Vanin-1 for uptake by endothelial cells. Sci Signal 2013; 6:ra88. [PMID: 24106341 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2004512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a key pathological feature of experimental and human steatohepatitis, a common chronic liver disease that is associated with obesity. We demonstrated that hepatocytes generated a type of membrane-bound vesicle, microparticles, in response to conditions that mimicked the lipid accumulation that occurs in the liver in some forms of steatohepatitis and that these microparticles promoted angiogenesis. When applied to an endothelial cell line, medium conditioned by murine hepatocytes or a human hepatocyte cell line exposed to saturated free fatty acids induced migration and tube formation, two processes required for angiogenesis. Medium from hepatocytes in which caspase 3 was inhibited or medium in which the microparticles were removed by ultracentrifugation lacked proangiogenic activity. Isolated hepatocyte-derived microparticles induced migration and tube formation of an endothelial cell line in vitro and angiogenesis in mice, processes that depended on internalization of microparticles. Microparticle internalization required the interaction of the ectoenzyme Vanin-1 (VNN1), an abundant surface protein on the microparticles, with lipid raft domains of endothelial cells. Large quantities of hepatocyte-derived microparticles were detected in the blood of mice with diet-induced steatohepatitis, and microparticle quantity correlated with disease severity. Genetic ablation of caspase 3 or RNA interference directed against VNN1 protected mice from steatohepatitis-induced pathological angiogenesis in the liver and resulted in a loss of the proangiogenic effects of microparticles. Our data identify hepatocyte-derived microparticles as critical signals that contribute to angiogenesis and liver damage in steatohepatitis and suggest a therapeutic target for this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Povero
- 1Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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17
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Niesman IR, Zemke N, Fridolfsson HN, Haushalter KJ, Levy K, Grove A, Schnoor R, Finley JC, Patel PM, Roth DM, Head BP, Patel HH. Caveolin isoform switching as a molecular, structural, and metabolic regulator of microglia. Mol Cell Neurosci 2013; 56:283-97. [PMID: 23851187 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2013.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Revised: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia are ramified cells that serve as central nervous system (CNS) guardians, capable of proliferation, migration, and generation of inflammatory cytokines. In non-pathological states, these cells exhibit ramified morphology with processes intermingling with neurons and astrocytes. Under pathological conditions, they acquire a rounded amoeboid morphology and proliferative and migratory capabilities. Such morphological changes require cytoskeleton rearrangements. The molecular control points for polymerization states of microtubules and actin are still under investigation. Caveolins (Cavs), membrane/lipid raft proteins, are expressed in inflammatory cells, yet the role of caveolin isoforms in microglia physiology is debatable. We propose that caveolins provide a necessary control point in the regulation of cytoskeletal dynamics, and thus investigated a role for caveolins in microglia biology. We detected mRNA and protein for both Cav-1 and Cav-3. Cav-1 protein was significantly less and localized to plasmalemma (PM) and cytoplasmic vesicles (CVs) in the microglial inactive state, while the active (amoeboid-shaped) microglia exhibited increased Cav-1 expression. In contrast, Cav-3 was highly expressed in the inactive state and localized with cellular processes and perinuclear regions and was detected in active amoeboid microglia. Pharmacological manipulation of the cytoskeleton in the active or non-active state altered caveolin expression. Additionally, increased Cav-1 expression also increased mitochondrial respiration, suggesting possible regulatory roles in cell metabolism necessary to facilitate the morphological changes. The present findings strongly suggest that regulation of microglial morphology and activity are in part due to caveolin isoforms, providing promising novel therapeutic targets in CNS injury or disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid R Niesman
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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18
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Migita MY, Zemljic‐Harpf AE, Finley JC, Kellerhals SE, Fridolfsson HN, Panneerselvam M, Niesman IR, Ali SS, Roth DM, Patel HH. Therapeutic Role of Caveolin‐3 in Mitochondrial Directed Cardioprotection during the Development of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. FASEB J 2013. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.1183.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sameh S. Ali
- AnesthesiologyUniversity of California, San DiegoSan DiegoCA
| | - David M. Roth
- AnesthesiologyUniversity of California, San DiegoSan DiegoCA
| | - Hemal H. Patel
- AnesthesiologyUniversity of California, San DiegoSan DiegoCA
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19
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Luther DJ, Patel H, Niesman IR, Kang PT, Adapala RK, Thoppil R, Bonaldo P, Chilian WM, Chenn Y, Thodeti CK, Meszaros JG. Knockout of type VI collagen preserves mitochondrial structure and function following myocardial infarction. FASEB J 2013. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.lb674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Luther
- Integrative Medical SciencesNortheast Ohio Medical UniversityRootstownOH
| | - Hemal Patel
- Department of AnesthesiologyUniversity of California, San DiegoSan DiegoCA
| | - Ingrid R. Niesman
- Department of AnesthesiologyUniversity of California, San DiegoSan DiegoCA
| | - Patrick T. Kang
- Integrative Medical SciencesNortheast Ohio Medical UniversityRootstownOH
| | - Ravi K. Adapala
- Integrative Medical SciencesNortheast Ohio Medical UniversityRootstownOH
| | - Roslin Thoppil
- Integrative Medical SciencesNortheast Ohio Medical UniversityRootstownOH
| | - Paolo Bonaldo
- Department of Medical BiotechnologyUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
| | - William M. Chilian
- Integrative Medical SciencesNortheast Ohio Medical UniversityRootstownOH
| | - Yong‐Renn Chenn
- Integrative Medical SciencesNortheast Ohio Medical UniversityRootstownOH
| | - Charles K. Thodeti
- Integrative Medical SciencesNortheast Ohio Medical UniversityRootstownOH
| | - J. Gary Meszaros
- Integrative Medical SciencesNortheast Ohio Medical UniversityRootstownOH
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20
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Weber NC, Schilling JM, Finley JC, Irvine M, Kellerhals SE, Niesman IR, Roth DM, Preckel B, Hollmann MW, Patel HH. Helium inhalation induces caveolin secretion to blood. FASEB J 2013. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.1089.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Claudia Weber
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology (LEICA)University of AmsterdamAmsterdamNetherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | - David M Roth
- University of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
- VA San Diego Healthcare SystemSan DiegoCA
| | - Benedikt Preckel
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology (LEICA)University of AmsterdamAmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Markus W Hollmann
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology (LEICA)University of AmsterdamAmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Hemal H Patel
- University of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
- VA San Diego Healthcare SystemSan DiegoCA
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Pani B, Liu X, Bollimuntha S, Cheng KT, Niesman IR, Zheng C, Achen VR, Patel HH, Ambudkar IS, Singh BB. Impairment of TRPC1-STIM1 channel assembly and AQP5 translocation compromise agonist-stimulated fluid secretion in mice lacking caveolin1. J Cell Sci 2012. [PMID: 23203809 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.118943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurotransmitter regulation of salivary fluid secretion is mediated by activation of Ca(2+) influx. The Ca(2+)-permeable transient receptor potential canonical 1 (TRPC1) channel is crucial for fluid secretion. However, the mechanism(s) involved in channel assembly and regulation are not completely understood. We report that Caveolin1 (Cav1) is essential for the assembly of functional TRPC1 channels in salivary glands (SG) in vivo and thus regulates fluid secretion. In Cav1(-/-) mouse SG, agonist-stimulated Ca(2+) entry and fluid secretion are significantly reduced. Microdomain localization of TRPC1 and interaction with its regulatory protein, STIM1, are disrupted in Cav1(-/-) SG acinar cells, whereas Orai1-STIM1 interaction is not affected. Furthermore, localization of aquaporin 5 (AQP5), but not that of inositol (1,4,5)-trisphosphate receptor 3 or Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channel (IK) in the apical region of acinar cell was altered in Cav1(-/-) SG. In addition, agonist-stimulated increase in surface expression of AQP5 required Ca(2+) influx via TRPC1 channels and was inhibited in Cav1(-/-) SG. Importantly, adenovirus-mediated expression of Cav1 in Cav1(-/-) SG restored interaction of STIM1 with TRPC1 and channel activation, apical targeting and regulated trafficking of AQP5, and neurotransmitter stimulated fluid-secretion. Together these findings demonstrate that, by directing cellular localization of TRPC1 and AQP5 channels and by selectively regulating the functional assembly TRPC1-STIM1 channels, Cav1 is a crucial determinant of SG fluid secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswaranjan Pani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, UND, Grand Forks, ND 58201, USA
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22
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Kuang E, Okumura CYM, Sheffy-Levin S, Varsano T, Shu VCW, Qi J, Niesman IR, Yang HJ, López-Otín C, Yang WY, Reed JC, Broday L, Nizet V, Ronai ZA. Regulation of ATG4B stability by RNF5 limits basal levels of autophagy and influences susceptibility to bacterial infection. PLoS Genet 2012; 8:e1003007. [PMID: 23093945 PMCID: PMC3475677 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is the mechanism by which cytoplasmic components and organelles are degraded by the lysosomal machinery in response to diverse stimuli including nutrient deprivation, intracellular pathogens, and multiple forms of cellular stress. Here, we show that the membrane-associated E3 ligase RNF5 regulates basal levels of autophagy by controlling the stability of a select pool of the cysteine protease ATG4B. RNF5 controls the membranal fraction of ATG4B and limits LC3 (ATG8) processing, which is required for phagophore and autophagosome formation. The association of ATG4B with—and regulation of its ubiquitination and stability by—RNF5 is seen primarily under normal growth conditions. Processing of LC3 forms, appearance of LC3-positive puncta, and p62 expression are higher in RNF5−/− MEF. RNF5 mutant, which retains its E3 ligase activity but does not associate with ATG4B, no longer affects LC3 puncta. Further, increased puncta seen in RNF5−/− using WT but not LC3 mutant, which bypasses ATG4B processing, substantiates the role of RNF5 in early phases of LC3 processing and autophagy. Similarly, RNF-5 inactivation in Caenorhabditis elegans increases the level of LGG-1/LC3::GFP puncta. RNF5−/− mice are more resistant to group A Streptococcus infection, associated with increased autophagosomes and more efficient bacterial clearance by RNF5−/− macrophages. Collectively, the RNF5-mediated control of membranalATG4B reveals a novel layer in the regulation of LC3 processing and autophagy. Autophagy is an intracellular catabolic process by which a cell's own components are degraded through the lysosomal machinery. Autophagy is implicated in various cellular processes such as growth and development, cancer, and inflammation. Using biochemistry, cell biology, and genetic models, we identify a ubiquitin ligase that limits autophagy in the absence of an inducing stimulus (e.g. starvation). The control of basal autophagy is mediated by the ubiquitin ligase RNF5 through its regulation of the membrane-associated ATG4B protease. Using RNF5 mutant mice we demonstrate the implications of this regulation for host defense mechanisms that limit intracellular infection by bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ersheng Kuang
- Signal Transduction and Cell Death Programs, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Institute of Human Virology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheryl Y. M. Okumura
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Sharon Sheffy-Levin
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tal Varsano
- Signal Transduction and Cell Death Programs, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Vincent Chih-Wen Shu
- Signal Transduction and Cell Death Programs, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Jianfei Qi
- Signal Transduction and Cell Death Programs, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Ingrid R. Niesman
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Huei-Jiun Yang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Carlos López-Otín
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Wei Yuan Yang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - John C. Reed
- Signal Transduction and Cell Death Programs, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Limor Broday
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- * E-mail: (LB); (VN); (ZAR)
| | - Victor Nizet
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (LB); (VN); (ZAR)
| | - Ze'ev A. Ronai
- Signal Transduction and Cell Death Programs, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (LB); (VN); (ZAR)
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23
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Fridolfsson HN, Kawaraguchi Y, Ali SS, Panneerselvam M, Niesman IR, Finley JC, Kellerhals SE, Migita MY, Okada H, Moreno AL, Jennings M, Kidd MW, Bonds JA, Balijepalli RC, Ross RS, Patel PM, Miyanohara A, Chen Q, Lesnefsky EJ, Head BP, Roth DM, Insel PA, Patel HH. Mitochondria-localized caveolin in adaptation to cellular stress and injury. FASEB J 2012; 26:4637-49. [PMID: 22859372 DOI: 10.1096/fj.12-215798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We show here that the apposition of plasma membrane caveolae and mitochondria (first noted in electron micrographs >50 yr ago) and caveolae-mitochondria interaction regulates adaptation to cellular stress by modulating the structure and function of mitochondria. In C57Bl/6 mice engineered to overexpress caveolin specifically in cardiac myocytes (Cav-3 OE), localization of caveolin to mitochondria increases membrane rigidity (4.2%; P<0.05), tolerance to calcium, and respiratory function (72% increase in state 3 and 23% increase in complex IV activity; P<0.05), while reducing stress-induced generation of reactive oxygen species (by 20% in cellular superoxide and 41 and 28% in mitochondrial superoxide under states 4 and 3, respectively; P<0.05) in Cav-3 OE vs. TGneg. By contrast, mitochondrial function is abnormal in caveolin-knockout mice and Caenorhabditis elegans with null mutations in caveolin (60% increase free radical in Cav-2 C. elegans mutants; P<0.05). In human colon cancer cells, mitochondria with increased caveolin have a 30% decrease in apoptotic stress (P<0.05), but cells with disrupted mitochondria-caveolin interaction have a 30% increase in stress response (P<0.05). Targeted gene transfer of caveolin to mitochondria in C57Bl/6 mice increases cardiac mitochondria tolerance to calcium, enhances respiratory function (increases of 90% state 4, 220% state 3, 88% complex IV activity; P<0.05), and decreases (by 33%) cardiac damage (P<0.05). Physical association and apparently the transfer of caveolin between caveolae and mitochondria is thus a conserved cellular response that confers protection from cellular damage in a variety of tissues and settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi N Fridolfsson
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California 92161, USA
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24
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Weber NC, Vondervoort D, Niesman IR, Saldana M, Roth DM, Preckel B, Patel HH. Effects of noble gas conditioning on Caveolin expression in the rat heart in vivo. FASEB J 2012. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.1114.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Claudia Weber
- Laboratory of Experimentel Intensive Care and Anesthesiology (L.E.I.C.A.)Academic Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Djai Vondervoort
- Laboratory of Experimentel Intensive Care and Anesthesiology (L.E.I.C.A.)Academic Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamNetherlands
| | | | | | - David M. Roth
- Department of AnesthesiologyUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoCA
| | - Benedikt Preckel
- Laboratory of Experimentel Intensive Care and Anesthesiology (L.E.I.C.A.)Academic Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Hemal H. Patel
- Department of AnesthesiologyUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoCA
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25
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Niesman IR, Saldana M, Zemke N, Head BP, Patel HH. Cav‐3 is associated with and regulates the actin cytoskeleton in BV2 cells. FASEB J 2012. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.656.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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26
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Luther DJ, Thodeti CK, Weihrauch D, Patel HH, Niesman IR, Bonaldo P, Chilian WM, Meszaros JG. Knockout of type VI collagen improves cardiac function and remodeling following myocardial infarction. FASEB J 2012. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.1060.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Paolo Bonaldo
- Dept. of Medical BiotechnologyUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
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27
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Pearn ML, Hu Y, Niesman IR, Patel HH, Drummond JC, Roth DM, Akassoglou K, Patel PM, Head BP. Propofol neurotoxicity is mediated by p75 neurotrophin receptor activation. Anesthesiology 2012; 116:352-61. [PMID: 22198221 PMCID: PMC3275822 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0b013e318242a48c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Propofol exposure to neurons during synaptogenesis results in apoptosis, leading to cognitive dysfunction in adulthood. Previous work from our laboratory showed that isoflurane neurotoxicity occurs through p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75(NTR)) and subsequent cytoskeleton depolymerization. Given that isoflurane and propofol both suppress neuronal activity, we hypothesized that propofol also induces apoptosis in developing neurons through p75(NTR). METHODS Days in vitro 5-7 neurons were exposed to propofol (3 μM) for 6 h and apoptosis was assessed by cleaved caspase-3 (Cl-Csp3) immunoblot and immunofluorescence microscopy. Primary neurons from p75(NTR-/-) mice or wild-type neurons were treated with propofol, with or without pretreatment with TAT-Pep5 (10 μM, 15 min), a specific p75(NTR) inhibitor. P75(NTR-/-) neurons were transfected for 72 h with a lentiviral vector containing the synapsin-driven p75(NTR) gene (Syn-p75(NTR)) or control vector (Syn-green fluorescent protein) before propofol. To confirm our in vitro findings, wild-type mice and p75(NTR-/-) mice (PND5) were pretreated with either TAT-Pep5 or TAT-ctrl followed by propofol for 6 h. RESULTS Neurons exposed to propofol showed a significant increase in Cl-Csp3, an effect attenuated by TAT-Pep5 and hydroxyfasudil. Apoptosis was significantly attenuated in p75(NTR-/-) neurons. In p75(NTR-/-) neurons transfected with Syn-p75(NTR), propofol significantly increased Cl-Csp3 in comparison with Syn-green fluorescent protein-transfected p75(NTR-/-) neurons. Wild-type mice exposed to propofol exhibited increased Cl-Csp3 in the hippocampus, an effect attenuated by TAT-Pep5. By contrast, propofol did not induce apoptosis in p75(NTR-/-) mice. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that propofol induces apoptosis in developing neurons in vivo and in vitro and implicate a role for p75(NTR) and the downstream effector RhoA kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L. Pearn
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Yue Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, California
| | - Ingrid R. Niesman
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, California
| | - Hemal H. Patel
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - John C. Drummond
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, California
| | - David M. Roth
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, California
| | - Katerina Akassoglou
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, California
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Piyush M. Patel
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, California
| | - Brian P. Head
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, California
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Wright AT, Niesman IR, Roth DM, Patel HH, Omens JH, McCulloch AD. The Role of Caveolae and Membrane Conformation in Load-Induced Ventricular Conduction Slowing. Biophys J 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2011.11.2961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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29
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Horikawa YT, Panneerselvam M, Kawaraguchi Y, Tsutsumi YM, Ali SS, Balijepalli RC, Murray F, Head BP, Niesman IR, Rieg T, Vallon V, Insel PA, Patel HH, Roth DM. Cardiac-specific overexpression of caveolin-3 attenuates cardiac hypertrophy and increases natriuretic peptide expression and signaling. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011; 57:2273-83. [PMID: 21616289 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2010.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2010] [Revised: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 12/23/2010] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We hypothesized that cardiac myocyte-specific overexpression of caveolin-3 (Cav-3), a muscle-specific caveolin, would alter natriuretic peptide signaling and attenuate cardiac hypertrophy. BACKGROUND Natriuretic peptides modulate cardiac hypertrophy and are potential therapeutic options for patients with heart failure. Caveolae, microdomains in the plasma membrane that contain caveolin proteins and natriuretic peptide receptors, have been implicated in cardiac hypertrophy and natriuretic peptide localization. METHODS We generated transgenic mice with cardiac myocyte-specific overexpression of caveolin-3 (Cav-3 OE) and also used an adenoviral construct to increase Cav-3 in cardiac myocytes. RESULTS The Cav-3 OE mice subjected to transverse aortic constriction had increased survival, reduced cardiac hypertrophy, and maintenance of cardiac function compared with control mice. In left ventricle at baseline, messenger ribonucleic acid for atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were increased 7- and 3-fold, respectively, in Cav-3 OE mice compared with control subjects and were accompanied by increased protein expression for ANP and BNP. In addition, ventricles from Cav-3 OE mice had greater cyclic guanosine monophosphate levels, less nuclear factor of activated T-cell nuclear translocation, and more nuclear Akt phosphorylation than ventricles from control subjects. Cardiac myocytes incubated with Cav-3 adenovirus showed increased expression of Cav-3, ANP, and Akt phosphorylation. Incubation with methyl-β-cyclodextrin, which disrupts caveolae, or with wortmannin, a PI3K inhibitor, blocked the increase in ANP expression. CONCLUSIONS These results imply that cardiac myocyte-specific Cav-3 OE is a novel strategy to enhance natriuretic peptide expression, attenuate hypertrophy, and possibly exploit the therapeutic benefits of natriuretic peptides in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousuke T Horikawa
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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30
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Head BP, Hu Y, Finley JC, Saldana MD, Bonds JA, Miyanohara A, Niesman IR, Ali SS, Murray F, Insel PA, Roth DM, Patel HH, Patel PM. Neuron-targeted caveolin-1 protein enhances signaling and promotes arborization of primary neurons. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:33310-21. [PMID: 21799010 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.255976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Decreased expression of prosurvival and progrowth-stimulatory pathways, in addition to an environment that inhibits neuronal growth, contribute to the limited regenerative capacity in the central nervous system following injury or neurodegeneration. Membrane/lipid rafts, plasmalemmal microdomains enriched in cholesterol, sphingolipids, and the protein caveolin (Cav) are essential for synaptic development/stabilization and neuronal signaling. Cav-1 concentrates glutamate and neurotrophin receptors and prosurvival kinases and regulates cAMP formation. Here, we show that primary neurons that express a synapsin-driven Cav-1 vector (SynCav1) have increased raft formation, neurotransmitter and neurotrophin receptor expression, NMDA- and BDNF-mediated prosurvival kinase activation, agonist-stimulated cAMP formation, and dendritic growth. Moreover, expression of SynCav1 in Cav-1 KO neurons restores NMDA- and BDNF-mediated signaling and enhances dendritic growth. The enhanced dendritic growth occurred even in the presence of inhibitory cytokines (TNFα, IL-1β) and myelin-associated glycoproteins (MAG, Nogo). Targeting of Cav-1 to neurons thus enhances prosurvival and progrowth signaling and may be a novel means to repair the injured and neurodegenerative brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian P Head
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
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Niesman IR, Patton M, Zemke N, Levy K, Ali SS, Head BP, Patel HH. Caveolin regulation of microglial activation and proliferation. FASEB J 2011. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.25.1_supplement.1007.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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32
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Panneerselvam M, Patel PM, Roth DM, Kidd MW, Chin-Lee B, Head BP, Niesman IR, Inoue S, Patel HH, Davis DP. Role of decoy molecules in neuronal ischemic preconditioning. Life Sci 2011; 88:670-4. [PMID: 21315738 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2011.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2010] [Revised: 01/04/2011] [Accepted: 01/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Decoy receptors bind with TNF related apoptosis inducing ligands (TRAIL) but do not contain the cytoplasmic domains necessary to transduce apoptotic signals. We hypothesized that decoy receptors may confer neuronal protection against lethal ischemia after ischemic preconditioning (IPC). MAIN METHOD Mixed cortical neurons were exposed to IPC one day prior to TRAIL treatment or lethal ischemia. KEY FINDINGS IPC increased decoy receptor but reduced death receptor expression compared to lethal ischemia. IPC-induced increase in decoy receptor expression was reduced by prior treatment with CAPE, a nuclear factor-kappa B inhibitor (NFκB). SIGNIFICANCE Expression of decoy molecules, dependent on NFκB, may mediate neuronal survival induced by IPC.
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Head BP, Peart JN, Panneerselvam M, Yokoyama T, Pearn ML, Niesman IR, Bonds JA, Schilling JM, Miyanohara A, Headrick J, Ali SS, Roth DM, Patel PM, Patel HH. Loss of caveolin-1 accelerates neurodegeneration and aging. PLoS One 2010; 5:e15697. [PMID: 21203469 PMCID: PMC3009734 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0015697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2010] [Accepted: 11/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aged brain exhibits a loss in gray matter and a decrease in spines and synaptic densities that may represent a sequela for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's. Membrane/lipid rafts (MLR), discrete regions of the plasmalemma enriched in cholesterol, glycosphingolipids, and sphingomyelin, are essential for the development and stabilization of synapses. Caveolin-1 (Cav-1), a cholesterol binding protein organizes synaptic signaling components within MLR. It is unknown whether loss of synapses is dependent on an age-related loss of Cav-1 expression and whether this has implications for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We analyzed brains from young (Yg, 3-6 months), middle age (Md, 12 months), aged (Ag, >18 months), and young Cav-1 KO mice and show that localization of PSD-95, NR2A, NR2B, TrkBR, AMPAR, and Cav-1 to MLR is decreased in aged hippocampi. Young Cav-1 KO mice showed signs of premature neuronal aging and degeneration. Hippocampi synaptosomes from Cav-1 KO mice showed reduced PSD-95, NR2A, NR2B, and Cav-1, an inability to be protected against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury compared to young WT mice, increased Aβ, P-Tau, and astrogliosis, decreased cerebrovascular volume compared to young WT mice. As with aged hippocampi, Cav-1 KO brains showed significantly reduced synapses. Neuron-targeted re-expression of Cav-1 in Cav-1 KO neurons in vitro decreased Aβ expression. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, Cav-1 represents a novel control point for healthy neuronal aging and loss of Cav-1 represents a non-mutational model for Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian P. Head
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Jason N. Peart
- Heart Foundation Research Centre, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mathivadhani Panneerselvam
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Takaakira Yokoyama
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Matthew L. Pearn
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Ingrid R. Niesman
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Jacqueline A. Bonds
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Jan M. Schilling
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Atsushi Miyanohara
- Gene Therapy Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - John Headrick
- Heart Foundation Research Centre, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sameh S. Ali
- Department of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - David M. Roth
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Piyush M. Patel
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Hemal H. Patel
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, United States of America
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Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that caveolin-3 (Cav-3) is essential for opioid-induced preconditioning in vivo. Cav-3 overexpressing mice, Cav-3 knockout mice, and controls were exposed to myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in the presence of SNC-121 (SNC), a δ-selective opioid agonist, or naloxone, a nonselective opioid antagonist. Controls were protected from I/R injury by SNC. No protection was produced by SNC in Cav-3 knockout mice. Cav-3 overexpressing mice showed innate protection from I/R compared with controls that was abolished by naloxone. Our results show that opioid-induced preconditioning is dependent on Cav-3 expression and that endogenous protection in Cav-3 overexpressing mice is opioid dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuo M Tsutsumi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.
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Kidd MW, Reichelt ME, Peart JN, Niesman IR, Head BP, Headrick J, Roth DM, Patel HH. Caveolin and the aged myocardium. FASEB J 2010. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.819.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael W. Kidd
- Dept of AnesthesiologyUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
| | | | - Jason N. Peart
- Heart Foundation Research CentreGriffith UniversityQueenslandAustralia
| | | | - Brian P. Head
- Dept of AnesthesiologyUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
| | - John Headrick
- Heart Foundation Research CentreGriffith UniversityQueenslandAustralia
| | - David M. Roth
- Dept of AnesthesiologyUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
| | - Hemal H. Patel
- Dept of AnesthesiologyUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
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Stanford KI, Bishop JR, Foley EM, Gonzales JC, Niesman IR, Witztum JL, Esko JD. Syndecan-1 is the primary heparan sulfate proteoglycan mediating hepatic clearance of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in mice. J Clin Invest 2009; 119:3236-45. [PMID: 19805913 DOI: 10.1172/jci38251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2008] [Accepted: 07/29/2009] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated plasma triglyceride levels represent a risk factor for premature atherosclerosis. In mice, accumulation of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins can occur if sulfation of heparan sulfate in hepatocytes is diminished, as this alters hepatic lipoprotein clearance via heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs). However, the relevant HSPG has not been determined. In this study, we found by RT-PCR analysis that mouse hepatocytes expressed the membrane proteoglycans syndecan-1, -2, and -4 and glypican-1 and -4. Analysis of available proteoglycan-deficient mice showed that only syndecan-1 mutants (Sdc1-/- mice) accumulated plasma triglycerides. Sdc1-/- mice also exhibited prolonged circulation of injected human VLDL and intestinally derived chylomicrons. We found that mice lacking both syndecan-1 and hepatocyte heparan sulfate did not display accentuated triglyceride accumulation compared with single mutants, suggesting that syndecan-1 is the primary HSPG mediating hepatic triglyceride clearance. Immunoelectron microscopy showed that syndecan-1 was expressed specifically on the microvilli of hepatocyte basal membranes, facing the space of Disse, where lipoprotein uptake occurs. Abundant syndecan-1 on wild-type murine hepatocytes exhibited saturable binding of VLDL and inhibition by heparin and facilitated degradation of VLDL. Furthermore, adenovirus-encoded syndecan-1 restored binding, uptake, and degradation of VLDL in isolated Sdc1-/- hepatocytes and the lipoprotein clearance defect in Sdc1-/- mice. These findings provide the first in vivo genetic evidence that syndecan-1 is the primary hepatocyte HSPG receptor mediating the clearance of both hepatic and intestinally derived triglyceride-rich lipoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin I Stanford
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0687,USA
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Head BP, Patel HH, Niesman IR, Drummond JC, Roth DM, Patel PM. Inhibition of p75 neurotrophin receptor attenuates isoflurane-mediated neuronal apoptosis in the neonatal central nervous system. Anesthesiology 2009; 110:813-25. [PMID: 19293698 PMCID: PMC2767332 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0b013e31819b602b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to anesthetics during synaptogenesis results in apoptosis and subsequent cognitive dysfunction in adulthood. Probrain-derived neurotrophic factor (proBDNF) is involved in synaptogenesis and can induce neuronal apoptosis via p75 neurotrophic receptors (p75). proBDNF is cleaved into mature BDNF (mBDNF) by plasmin, a protease converted from plasminogen by tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) that is released with neuronal activity; mBDNF supports survival and stabilizes synapses through tropomyosin receptor kinase B. The authors hypothesized that anesthetics suppress tPA release from neurons, enhance p75 signaling, and reduce synapses, resulting in apoptosis. METHODS Primary neurons (DIV5) and postnatal day 5-7 (PND5-7) mice were exposed to isoflurane (1.4%, 4 h) in 5% CO2, 95% air. Apoptosis was assessed by cleaved caspase-3 (Cl-Csp3) immunoblot and immunofluorescence microscopy. Dendritic spine changes were evaluated with the neuronal spine marker, drebrin. Changes in synapses in PND5-7 mouse hippocampi were assessed by electron microscopy. Primary neurons were exposed to tPA, plasmin, or pharmacologic inhibitors of p75 (Fc-p75 or TAT-Pep5) 15 min before isoflurane. TAT-Pep5 was administered by intraperitoneal injection to PND5-7 mice 15 min before isoflurane. RESULTS Exposure of neurons in vitro (DIV5) to isoflurane decreased tPA in the culture medium, reduced drebrin expression (marker of dendritic filopodial spines), and enhanced Cl-Csp3. tPA, plasmin, or TAT-Pep5 stabilized dendritic filopodial spines and decreased Cl-Csp3 in neurons. TAT-Pep5 blocked isoflurane-mediated increase in Cl-Csp3 and reduced synapses in PND5-7 mouse hippocampi. CONCLUSION tPA, plasmin, or p75 inhibition blocked isoflurane-mediated reduction in dendritic filopodial spines and neuronal apoptosis in vitro. Isoflurane reduced synapses and enhanced Cl-Csp3 in the hippocampus of PND5-7 mice, the latter effect being mitigated by p75 inhibition in vivo. These data support the hypothesis that isoflurane neurotoxicity in the developing rodent brain is mediated by reduced synaptic tPA release and enhanced proBDNF/p75-mediated apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian P. Head
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Hemal H. Patel
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Ingrid R. Niesman
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - John C. Drummond
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
| | - David M. Roth
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
| | - Piyush M. Patel
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
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Cipta S, Tsutsumi YM, Kidd MW, Niesman IR, Panneerselvam M, Roth DM, Patel HH. Dynamin and caveolae in cardiac ischemic preconditioning. FASEB J 2009. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.23.1_supplement.lb381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Cipta
- Department of AnesthesiologyUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
| | - Yasuo M Tsutsumi
- Department of AnesthesiologyUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
| | - Michael W Kidd
- Department of AnesthesiologyUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
| | - Ingrid R Niesman
- Department of AnesthesiologyUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
| | | | - David M Roth
- Department of AnesthesiologyUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
- Department of AnesthesiologyVA San Diego Healthcare SystemsSan Diego
| | - Hemal H Patel
- Department of AnesthesiologyUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
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Tsutsumi YM, Horikawa YT, Jennings MM, Kidd MW, Niesman IR, Yokoyama U, Head BP, Hagiwara Y, Ishikawa Y, Miyanohara A, Patel PM, Insel PA, Patel HH, Roth DM. Cardiac-specific overexpression of caveolin-3 induces endogenous cardiac protection by mimicking ischemic preconditioning. Circulation 2008; 118:1979-88. [PMID: 18936328 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.108.788331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caveolae, lipid-rich microdomains of the sarcolemma, localize and enrich cardiac-protective signaling molecules. Caveolin-3 (Cav-3), the dominant isoform in cardiac myocytes, is a determinant of caveolar formation. We hypothesized that cardiac myocyte-specific overexpression of Cav-3 would enhance the formation of caveolae and augment cardiac protection in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS Ischemic preconditioning in vivo increased the formation of caveolae. Adenovirus for Cav-3 increased caveolar formation and phosphorylation of survival kinases in cardiac myocytes. A transgenic mouse with cardiac myocyte-specific overexpression of Cav-3 (Cav-3 OE) showed enhanced formation of caveolae on the sarcolemma. Cav-3 OE mice subjected to ischemia/reperfusion injury had a significantly reduced infarct size relative to transgene-negative mice. Endogenous cardiac protection in Cav-3 OE mice was similar to wild-type mice undergoing ischemic preconditioning; no increased protection was observed in preconditioned Cav-3 OE mice. Cav-3 knockout mice did not show endogenous protection and showed no protection in response to ischemic preconditioning. Cav-3 OE mouse hearts had increased basal Akt and glycogen synthase kinase-3beta phosphorylation comparable to wild-type mice exposed to ischemic preconditioning. Wortmannin, a phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor, attenuated basal phosphorylation of Akt and glycogen synthase kinase-3beta and blocked cardiac protection in Cav-3 OE mice. Cav-3 OE mice had improved functional recovery and reduced apoptosis at 24 hours of reperfusion. CONCLUSIONS Expression of caveolin-3 is both necessary and sufficient for cardiac protection, a conclusion that unites long-standing ultrastructural and molecular observations in the ischemic heart. The present results indicate that increased expression of caveolins, apparently via actions that depend on phosphoinositide 3-kinase, has the potential to protect hearts exposed to ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuo M Tsutsumi
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA
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Robinson FL, Niesman IR, Beiswenger KK, Dixon JE. Loss of the inactive phosphatase Mtmr13 leads to a Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth type 4B2‐like peripheral neuropathy in mice. FASEB J 2008. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.816.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Kidd MW, Tsutsumi YM, Niesman IR, Lai NC, Roth DM, Patel HH. In vivo caveolin‐3 adenoviral gene delivery restores caveolin‐3 protein expression and caveolae in cardiac myocytes of caveolin‐3 knockout mice. FASEB J 2008. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.1180.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - David M Roth
- Anesthesiology
- AnesthesiologyVA San Diego Healthcare SystemSan DiegoCA
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Jennings M, Niesman IR, Insel PA, Roth DM, Patel HH. Overexpression of caveolin‐3 in adult cardiac myocytes reduces reactive oxygen species generation. FASEB J 2008. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.747.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - David M Roth
- AnesthesiologyUniv of Calif, San DiegoSan DiegoCA
- VA San Diego Healthcare SystemSan DiegoCA
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Radek KA, Lopez-Garcia B, Hupe M, Niesman IR, Elias PM, Taupenot L, Mahata SK, O'Connor DT, Gallo RL. The neuroendocrine peptide catestatin is a cutaneous antimicrobial and induced in the skin after injury. J Invest Dermatol 2008; 128:1525-34. [PMID: 18185531 DOI: 10.1038/sj.jid.5701225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Epithelia establish a microbial barrier against infection through the production of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). In this study, we investigated whether catestatin (Cst), a peptide derived from the neuroendocrine protein chromogranin A (CHGA), is a functional AMP and is present in the epidermis. We show that Cst is antimicrobial against relevant skin microbes, including gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, yeast, and fungi. The antimicrobial mechanism of Cst was found to be similar to other AMPs, as it was dependent on bacterial charge and growth conditions, and induced membrane disruption. The potential relevance of Cst against skin pathogens was supported by the observation that CHGA was expressed in keratinocytes. In human skin, CHGA was found to be proteolytically processed into the antimicrobial fragment Cst, thus enabling its AMP function. Furthermore, Cst expression in murine skin increased in response to injury and infection, providing potential for increased protection against infection. These data demonstrate that a neuroendocrine peptide has antimicrobial function against a wide assortment of skin pathogens and is upregulated upon injury, thus demonstrating a direct link between the neuroendocrine and cutaneous immune systems. JID JOURNAL CLUB ARTICLE: For questions, answers, and open discussion about this article please go to http://network.nature.com/group/jidclub.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A Radek
- Department of Dermatology, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California 92161, USA
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Patel HH, Zhang S, Murray F, Suda RYS, Head BP, Yokoyama U, Swaney JS, Niesman IR, Schermuly RT, Pullamsetti SS, Thistlethwaite PA, Miyanohara A, Farquhar MG, Yuan JXJ, Insel PA. Increased smooth muscle cell expression of caveolin-1 and caveolae contribute to the pathophysiology of idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. FASEB J 2007; 21:2970-9. [PMID: 17470567 DOI: 10.1096/fj.07-8424com] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Vasoconstriction and vascular medial hypertrophy, resulting from increased intracellular [Ca2+] in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMC), contribute to elevated vascular resistance in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH). Caveolae, microdomains within the plasma membrane, contain the protein caveolin, which binds certain signaling molecules. We tested the hypothesis that PASMC from IPAH patients express more caveolin-1 (Cav-1) and caveolae, which contribute to increased capacitative Ca2+ entry (CCE) and DNA synthesis. Immunohistochemistry showed increased expression of Cav-1 in smooth muscle cells but not endothelial cells of pulmonary arteries from patients with IPAH. Subcellular fractionation and electron microscopy confirmed the increase in Cav-1 and caveolae expression in IPAH-PASMC. Treatment of IPAH-PASMC with agents that deplete membrane cholesterol (methyl-beta-cyclodextrin or lovastatin) disrupted caveolae, attenuated CCE, and inhibited DNA synthesis of IPAH-PASMC. Increasing Cav-1 expression of normal PASMC with a Cav-1-encoding adenovirus increased caveolae formation, CCE, and DNA synthesis; treatment of IPAH-PASMC with siRNA targeted to Cav-1 produced the opposite effects. Treatments that down-regulate caveolin/caveolae expression, including cholesterol-lowering drugs, reversed the increased CCE and DNA synthesis in IPAH-PASMC. Increased caveolin and caveolae expression thus contribute to IPAH-PASMC pathophysiology. The close relationship between caveolin/caveolae expression and altered cell physiology in IPAH contrast with previous results obtained in various animal models, including caveolin-knockout mice, thus emphasizing unique features of the human disease. The results imply that disruption of caveolae in PASMC may provide a novel therapeutic approach to attenuate disease manifestations of IPAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemal H Patel
- University of California, San Diego, Department of Pharmacology, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093-0636, USA
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Patel HH, Tsutsumi YM, Head BP, Niesman IR, Jennings M, Horikawa Y, Huang D, Moreno AL, Patel PM, Insel PA, Roth DM. Mechanisms of cardiac protection from ischemia/reperfusion injury: a role for caveolae and caveolin-1. FASEB J 2007; 21:1565-74. [PMID: 17272740 DOI: 10.1096/fj.06-7719com] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Caveolae, small invaginations in the plasma membrane, contain caveolins (Cav) that scaffold signaling molecules including the tyrosine kinase Src. We tested the hypothesis that cardiac protection involves a caveolin-dependent mechanism. We used in vitro and in vivo models of ischemia-reperfusion injury, electron microscopy (EM), transgenic mice, and biochemical assays to address this hypothesis. We found that Cav-1 mRNA and protein were expressed in mouse adult cardiac myocytes (ACM). The volatile anesthetic, isoflurane, protected ACM from hypoxia-induced cell death and increased sarcolemmal caveolae. Hearts of wild-type (WT) mice showed rapid phosphorylation of Src and Cav-1 after isoflurane and ischemic preconditioning. The Src inhibitor PP2 reduced phosphorylation of Src (Y416) and Cav-1 in the heart and abolished isoflurane-induced cardiac protection in WT mice. Infarct size (percent area at risk) was reduced by isoflurane in WT (30.5+/-4 vs. 44.2+/-3, n=7, P<0.05) but not Cav-1(-/-) mice (46.6+/-5 vs. 41.7+/-3, n=7). Cav-1(-/-) mice exposed to isoflurane showed significant alterations in Src phosphorylation and recruitment of C-terminal Src kinase, a negative regulator of Src, when compared to WT mice. The results indicate that isoflurane modifies cardiac myocyte sarcolemmal membrane structure and composition and that activation of Src and phosphorylation of Cav-1 contribute to cardiac protection. Accordingly, therapies targeted to post-translational modification of Src and Cav-1 may provide a novel approach for such protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemal H Patel
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
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Head BP, Patel HH, Cipta S, Niesman IR, Jennings M, Zheng J, Lai NC. The high heart performance in mako shark is related to increased caveolin expression in buoyant fraction. FASEB J 2007. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.21.6.a1399-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- BP Head
- UCSDGilman DrLa JollaCA92126
| | | | - S Cipta
- UCSDGilman DrLa JollaCA92126
| | | | | | - J Zheng
- UCSDGilman DrLa JollaCA92126
| | - NC Lai
- UCSDGilman DrLa JollaCA92126
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Head BP, Patel HH, Roth DM, Murray F, Swaney JS, Niesman IR, Farquhar MG, Insel PA. Microtubules and actin microfilaments regulate lipid raft/caveolae localization of adenylyl cyclase signaling components. J Biol Chem 2006; 281:26391-9. [PMID: 16818493 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m602577200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubules and actin filaments regulate plasma membrane topography, but their role in compartmentation of caveolae-resident signaling components, in particular G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) and their stimulation of cAMP production, has not been defined. We hypothesized that the microtubular and actin cytoskeletons influence the expression and function of lipid rafts/caveolae, thereby regulating the distribution of GPCR signaling components that promote cAMP formation. Depolymerization of microtubules with colchicine (Colch) or actin microfilaments with cytochalasin D (CD) dramatically reduced the amount of caveolin-3 in buoyant (sucrose density) fractions of adult rat cardiac myocytes. Colch or CD treatment led to the exclusion of caveolin-1, caveolin-2, beta1-adrenergic receptors (beta1-AR), beta2-AR, Galpha(s), and adenylyl cyclase (AC)5/6 from buoyant fractions, decreasing AC5/6 and tyrosine-phosphorylated caveolin-1 in caveolin-1 immunoprecipitates but in parallel increased isoproterenol (beta-AR agonist)-stimulated cAMP production. Incubation with Colch decreased co-localization (by immunofluorescence microscopy) of caveolin-3 and alpha-tubulin; both Colch and CD decreased co-localization of caveolin-3 and filamin (an F-actin cross-linking protein), decreased phosphorylation of caveolin-1, Src, and p38 MAPK, and reduced the number of caveolae/mum of sarcolemma (determined by electron microscopy). Treatment of S49 T-lymphoma cells (which possess lipid rafts but lack caveolae) with CD or Colch redistributed a lipid raft marker (linker for activation of T cells (LAT)) and Galpha(s) from lipid raft domains. We conclude that microtubules and actin filaments restrict cAMP formation by regulating the localization and interaction of GPCR-G(s)-AC in lipid rafts/caveolae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian P Head
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
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48
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Patel HH, Head BP, Rothstein ER, Niesman IR, Roth DM, Farquhar MG, Balaban RS, Insel PA. Localization of caveolae and mitochondria in adult cardiac myocytes: implications for reductive signaling. FASEB J 2006. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.20.4.a691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ingrid R Niesman
- Cellular and Molecular MedicineUniv. of Calif.San Diego, 9500 Gilman DriveLa JollaCA92093‐0626
| | | | - Marilyn G Farquhar
- Cellular and Molecular MedicineUniv. of Calif.San Diego, 9500 Gilman DriveLa JollaCA92093‐0626
| | - Robert S Balaban
- Cardiac EnergeticsNIH/NHLBI10 Center Drive, MSC 1061BethesdaMD20892
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Patel HH, Head BP, Petersen HN, Niesman IR, Huang D, Gross GJ, Insel PA, Roth DM. Protection of adult rat cardiac myocytes from ischemic cell death: role of caveolar microdomains and delta-opioid receptors. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2006; 291:H344-50. [PMID: 16501018 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.01100.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The role of caveolae, membrane microenvironments enriched in signaling molecules, in myocardial ischemia is poorly defined. In the current study, we used cardiac myocytes prepared from adult rats to test the hypothesis that opioid receptors (OR), which are capable of producing cardiac protection in vivo, promote cardiac protection in cardiac myocytes in a caveolae-dependent manner. We determined protein expression and localization of delta-OR (DOR) using coimmunohistochemistry, caveolar fractionation, and immunoprecipitations. DOR colocalized in fractions with caveolin-3 (Cav-3), a structural component of caveolae in muscle cells, and could be immunoprecipitated by a Cav-3 antibody. Immunohistochemistry confirmed plasma membrane colocalization of DOR with Cav-3. Cardiac myocytes were subjected to simulated ischemia (2 h) or an ischemic preconditioning (IPC) protocol (10 min ischemia, 30 min recovery, 2 h ischemia) in the presence and absence of methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (MbetaCD, 2 mM), which binds cholesterol and disrupts caveolae. We also assessed the cardiac protective effects of SNC-121 (SNC), a selective DOR agonist, on cardiac myocytes with or without MbetaCD and MbetaCD preloaded with cholesterol. Ischemia, simulated by mineral oil layering to inhibit gas exchange, promoted cardiac myocyte cell death (trypan blue staining), a response blunted by SNC (37 +/- 3 vs. 59 +/- 3% dead cells in the presence and absence of 1 muM SNC, respectively, P < 0.01) or by use of the IPC protocol (35 +/- 4 vs. 62 +/- 3% dead cells, P < 0.01). MbetaCD treatment, which disrupted caveolae (as detected by electron microscopy), fully attenuated the protective effects of IPC or SNC, resulting in cell death comparable to that of the ischemic group. By contrast, SNC-induced protection was not abrogated in cells incubated with cholesterol-saturated MbetaCD, which maintained caveolae structure and function. These findings suggest a key role for caveolae, perhaps through enrichment of signaling molecules, in contributing to protection of cardiac myocytes from ischemic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemal H Patel
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161-5085, USA.
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Head BP, Patel HH, Roth DM, Lai NC, Niesman IR, Farquhar MG, Insel PA. G-protein-coupled Receptor Signaling Components Localize in Both Sarcolemmal and Intracellular Caveolin-3-associated Microdomains in Adult Cardiac Myocytes. J Biol Chem 2005; 280:31036-44. [PMID: 15961389 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m502540200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
This study tests the hypothesis that G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling components involved in the regulation of adenylyl cyclase (AC) localize with caveolin (Cav), a protein marker for caveolae, in both cell-surface and intracellular membrane regions. Using sucrose density fractionation of adult cardiac myocytes, we detected Cav-3 in both buoyant membrane fractions (BF) and heavy/non-buoyant fractions (HF); beta2-adrenergic receptors (AR) in BF; and AC5/6, beta1-AR, M4-muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChR), mu-opioid receptors, and Galpha(s) in both BF and HF. In contrast, M2-mAChR, Galpha(i3), and Galpha(i2) were found only in HF. Immunofluorescence microscopy showed co-localization of Cav-3 with AC5/6, Galpha(s), beta2-AR, and mu-opioid receptors in both sarcolemmal and intracellular membranes, whereas M2-mAChR were detected only intracellularly. Immunofluorescence of adult heart revealed a distribution of Cav-3 identical to that in isolated adult cardiac myocytes. Upon immunoelectron microscopy, Cav-3 co-localized with AC5/6 and Galpha(s) in sarcolemmal and intracellular vesicles, the latter closely allied with T-tubules. Cav-3 immunoprecipitates possessed components that were necessary and sufficient for GPCR agonist-promoted stimulation and inhibition of cAMP formation. The distribution of GPCR, G-proteins, and AC with Cav-3 in both sarcolemmal and intracellular T-tubule-associated regions indicates the existence of multiple Cav-3-localized cellular microdomains for signaling by hormones and drugs in the heart.
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MESH Headings
- Adenylyl Cyclases/metabolism
- Animals
- Biomarkers
- Caveolin 3
- Caveolins/metabolism
- Cell Fractionation
- Cells, Cultured
- Cyclic AMP/metabolism
- Fibroblasts/cytology
- Fibroblasts/metabolism
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits/metabolism
- Humans
- Intracellular Membranes/chemistry
- Intracellular Membranes/metabolism
- Intracellular Membranes/ultrastructure
- Isoenzymes/metabolism
- Male
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Myocytes, Cardiac/cytology
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptor, Muscarinic M2/metabolism
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/metabolism
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism
- Receptors, Muscarinic/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid/metabolism
- Sarcolemma/chemistry
- Sarcolemma/metabolism
- Sarcolemma/ultrastructure
- Signal Transduction/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian P Head
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0636, USA
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