1
|
Sarif J, Raychaudhuri D, D'Rozario R, Bandopadhyay P, Singh P, Mehta P, Hoque MA, Sinha BP, Kushwaha M, Sahni S, Devi P, Chattopadhyay P, Paul SR, Ray Y, Chaudhuri K, Banerjee S, Majumdar D, Saha B, Sarkar BS, Bhattacharya P, Chatterjee S, Paul S, Ghosh P, Pandey R, Sengupta S, Ganguly D. Plasma Gradient of Soluble Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator Receptor Is Linked to Pathogenic Plasma Proteome and Immune Transcriptome and Stratifies Outcomes in Severe COVID-19. Front Immunol 2021; 12:738093. [PMID: 34777349 PMCID: PMC8581406 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.738093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (COVID-19) led to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. A systemic hyper-inflammation characterizes severe COVID-19 disease, often associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Blood biomarkers capable of risk stratification are of great importance in effective triage and critical care of severe COVID-19 patients. Flow cytometry and next-generation sequencing were done on peripheral blood cells and urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), and cytokines were measured from and mass spectrometry-based proteomics was done on plasma samples from an Indian cohort of COVID-19 patients. Publicly available single-cell RNA sequencing data were analyzed for validation of primary data. Statistical analyses were performed to validate risk stratification. We report here higher plasma abundance of suPAR, expressed by an abnormally expanded myeloid cell population, in severe COVID-19 patients with ARDS. The plasma suPAR level was found to be linked to a characteristic plasma proteome, associated with coagulation disorders and complement activation. Receiver operator characteristic curve analysis to predict mortality identified a cutoff value of suPAR at 1,996.809 pg/ml (odds ratio: 2.9286, 95% confidence interval 1.0427-8.2257). Lower-than-cutoff suPAR levels were associated with a differential expression of the immune transcriptome as well as favorable clinical outcomes, in terms of both survival benefit (hazard ratio: 0.3615, 95% confidence interval 0.1433-0.912) and faster disease remission in our patient cohort. Thus, we identified suPAR as a key pathogenic circulating molecule linking systemic hyperinflammation to the hypercoagulable state and stratifying clinical outcomes in severe COVID-19 patients with ARDS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jafar Sarif
- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (IICB)-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India.,Department of Biological Sciences, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Deblina Raychaudhuri
- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (IICB)-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Ranit D'Rozario
- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (IICB)-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India.,Department of Biological Sciences, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Purbita Bandopadhyay
- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (IICB)-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India.,Department of Biological Sciences, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Praveen Singh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India.,Cardiorespiratory Disease Biology, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Priyanka Mehta
- INtegrative GENomics of HOst-PathogEn (INGEN-HOPE) Laboratory, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Md Asmaul Hoque
- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (IICB)-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India.,Department of Biological Sciences, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Bishnu Prasad Sinha
- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (IICB)-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India.,Department of Biological Sciences, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Manoj Kushwaha
- Cardiorespiratory Disease Biology, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Shweta Sahni
- INtegrative GENomics of HOst-PathogEn (INGEN-HOPE) Laboratory, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Priti Devi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India.,INtegrative GENomics of HOst-PathogEn (INGEN-HOPE) Laboratory, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Partha Chattopadhyay
- Department of Biological Sciences, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India.,INtegrative GENomics of HOst-PathogEn (INGEN-HOPE) Laboratory, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Shekhar Ranjan Paul
- Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Beliaghata General (ID & BG) Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Yogiraj Ray
- Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Beliaghata General (ID & BG) Hospital, Kolkata, India.,Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India
| | - Kausik Chaudhuri
- Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Beliaghata General (ID & BG) Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Sayantan Banerjee
- Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Beliaghata General (ID & BG) Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Debajyoti Majumdar
- Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Beliaghata General (ID & BG) Hospital, Kolkata, India.,Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India
| | - Bibhuti Saha
- Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India
| | - Biswanath Sharma Sarkar
- Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Beliaghata General (ID & BG) Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Prasun Bhattacharya
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Medical College, Kolkata, India
| | - Shilpak Chatterjee
- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (IICB)-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Sandip Paul
- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (IICB)-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Pramit Ghosh
- Department of Community Medicine, Deben Mahata Government Medical College & Hospital, Purulia, India
| | - Rajesh Pandey
- Department of Biological Sciences, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India.,INtegrative GENomics of HOst-PathogEn (INGEN-HOPE) Laboratory, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Shantanu Sengupta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India.,Cardiorespiratory Disease Biology, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Dipyaman Ganguly
- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (IICB)-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India.,Department of Biological Sciences, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Baart VM, Houvast RD, de Geus-Oei LF, Quax PHA, Kuppen PJK, Vahrmeijer AL, Sier CFM. Molecular imaging of the urokinase plasminogen activator receptor: opportunities beyond cancer. EJNMMI Res 2020; 10:87. [PMID: 32725278 PMCID: PMC7387399 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-020-00673-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) plays a multifaceted role in almost any process where migration of cells and tissue-remodeling is involved such as inflammation, but also in diseases as arthritis and cancer. Normally, uPAR is absent in healthy tissues. By its carefully orchestrated interaction with the protease urokinase plasminogen activator and its inhibitor (plasminogen activator inhibitor-1), uPAR localizes a cascade of proteolytic activities, enabling (patho)physiologic cell migration. Moreover, via the interaction with a broad range of cell membrane proteins, like vitronectin and various integrins, uPAR plays a significant, but not yet completely understood, role in differentiation and proliferation of cells, affecting also disease progression. The implications of these processes, either for diagnostics or therapeutics, have received much attention in oncology, but only limited beyond. Nonetheless, the role of uPAR in different diseases provides ample opportunity to exploit new applications for targeting. Especially in the fields of oncology, cardiology, rheumatology, neurology, and infectious diseases, uPAR-targeted molecular imaging could offer insights for new directions in diagnosis, surveillance, or treatment options.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V M Baart
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - R D Houvast
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - L F de Geus-Oei
- Department of Radiology, Section of Nuclear Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Biomedical Photonic Imaging Group, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - P H A Quax
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - P J K Kuppen
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - A L Vahrmeijer
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - C F M Sier
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands. .,Percuros BV, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Erdei A, Sándor N, Mácsik-Valent B, Lukácsi S, Kremlitzka M, Bajtay Z. The versatile functions of complement C3-derived ligands. Immunol Rev 2017; 274:127-140. [PMID: 27782338 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The complement system is a major component of immune defense. Activation of the complement cascade by foreign substances and altered self-structures may lead to the elimination of the activating agent, and during the enzymatic cascade, several biologically active fragments are generated. Most immune regulatory effects of complement are mediated by the activation products of C3, the central component. The indispensable role of C3 in opsonic phagocytosis as well as in the regulation of humoral immune response is known for long, while the involvement of complement in T-cell biology have been revealed in the past few years. In this review, we discuss the immune modulatory functions of C3-derived fragments focusing on their role in processes which have not been summarized so far. The importance of locally synthesized complement will receive special emphasis, as several immunological processes take place in tissues, where hepatocyte-derived complement components might not be available at high concentrations. We also aim to call the attention to important differences between human and mouse systems regarding C3-mediated processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Erdei
- Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary. , .,MTA-ELTE Immunology Research Group, Budapest, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary. ,
| | - Noémi Sándor
- MTA-ELTE Immunology Research Group, Budapest, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Szilvia Lukácsi
- Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mariann Kremlitzka
- MTA-ELTE Immunology Research Group, Budapest, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsa Bajtay
- Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Enocsson H, Sjöwall C, Wetterö J. Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor--a valuable biomarker in systemic lupus erythematosus? Clin Chim Acta 2015; 444:234-41. [PMID: 25704300 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2015.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Revised: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a potentially severe autoimmune condition with an unpredictable disease course, often with fluctuations in disease activity over time. Long term inflammation and drug-related side-effects may subsequently lead to permanent organ damage, a consequence which is intimately connected to decreased quality of life and mortality. New lupus biomarkers that convey information regarding inflammation and/or organ damage are thus warranted. Today, there is no clinical biomarker that indicates the risk of damage accrual. Herein we highlight the urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) and especially its soluble form (suPAR) that besides having biological functions in e.g. proteolysis, cell migration and tissue homeostasis, recently has emerged as a promising biomarker of inflammation and prognosis of several disorders. A strong association between suPAR and organ damage in SLE was recently demonstrated, and preliminary data (presented in this review) suggests the possibility of a predictive value of suPAR blood levels. The involvement of suPAR in the pathogenesis of SLE remains obscure, but its effects in leukocyte recruitment, phagocytic uptake of dying cells (efferocytosis) and complement regulation suggests that the central parts of the SLE pathogenesis could be regulated by suPAR, and vice versa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helena Enocsson
- Rheumatology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Christopher Sjöwall
- Rheumatology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Jonas Wetterö
- Rheumatology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hawley KL, Martín-Ruiz I, Iglesias-Pedraz JM, Berwin B, Anguita J. CD14 targets complement receptor 3 to lipid rafts during phagocytosis of Borrelia burgdorferi. Int J Biol Sci 2013; 9:803-10. [PMID: 23983613 PMCID: PMC3753444 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.7136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 08/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Phagocytosis of Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease, is mediated partly by the interaction of the spirochete with Complement Receptor (CR) 3. CR3 requires the GPI-anchored protein, CD14, in order to efficiently internalize CR3-B. burgdorferi complexes. GPI-anchored proteins reside in cholesterol-rich membrane microdomains, and through its interaction with partner proteins, help initiate signaling cascades. Here, we investigated the role of CD14 on the internalization of B. burgdorferi mediated by CR3. We show that CR3 partly colocalizes with CD14 in lipid rafts. The use of the cholesterol-sequestering compound methyl-β-cyclodextran completely prevents the internalization of the spirochete in CHO cells that co-express CD14 and CR3, while no effect was observed in CD11b-deficient macrophages. These results show that lipid rafts are required for CR3-dependent, but not independent, phagocytosis of B. burgdorferi. Our results also suggest that CD14 interacts with the C-lectin domain of CR3, favoring the formation of multi-complexes that allow their internalization, and the use of β-glucan, a known ligand for the C-lectin domain of CR3, can compensate for the lack of CD14 in CHO cells that express CR3. These results provide evidence to understand the mechanisms that govern the interaction between CR3 and CD14 during the phagocytosis of B. burgdorferi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly L Hawley
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Niu J, Su Z, Xiao Y, Huang A, Li H, Bao X, Li S, Chen Y, Sun M, Ping Q. Octreotide-modified and pH-triggering polymeric micelles loaded with doxorubicin for tumor targeting delivery. Eur J Pharm Sci 2011; 45:216-26. [PMID: 22119655 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2011.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2011] [Revised: 11/11/2011] [Accepted: 11/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A multifunctional mixed micelle was assembled for drug targeting delivery by combining two newly synthesized amphiphilic polymers, which were octreotide-polyethylene glycol-monostearate (OPMS) and N-octyl-N-succinyl-O-carboxymethyl chitosan (OSCC), respectively. The mixed micelle was designed to be characterized with long circulation, somatostatin receptors (SSTR)-mediated endocytosis and pH sensitivity. A series of assembling proportions of OPMS and OSCC was tested to reveal the effect of compositions on the functions. The particle size, zeta potential, drug loading and critical micelle concentration were examined. The dialysis test indicated a pH-triggering release behavior of the doxorubicin-loaded mixed micelle (DLMM), and faster release in acidic media (pH 4.0-6.0) in response to the protonation of carboxyl group. In addition, the PEG segments could efficiently protect the mixed micelle from plasma protein adsorption in vitro, and the DLMM composed of 20% OPMS and 80% OSCC provided the longest residence time after intravenous injection in rats in vivo. Due to SSTR mediated endocytosis, the significantly higher uptake of DLMM was observed in the tumor cells (SMMC-7721), compared with that in the normal cells (CHO) without SSTR expression. All the results suggested that the mixed micelle with multifunctional characteristics could be used as an effective approach for tumor treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangxiu Niu
- China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|