1
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Equilibrium Between Dimeric and Monomeric Forms of Human Epidermal Growth Factor is Shifted Towards Dimers in a Solution. Protein J 2022; 41:245-259. [PMID: 35348971 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-022-10051-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
An interplay between monomeric and dimeric forms of human epidermal growth factor (EGF) affecting its interaction with EGF receptor (EGFR) is poorly understood. While EGF dimeric structure was resolved at pH 8.1, the possibility of EGF dimerization under physiological conditions is still unclear. This study aimed to describe the oligomeric state of EGF in a solution at physiological pH value. With centrifugal ultrafiltration followed by blue native gel electrophoresis, we showed that synthetic human EGF in a solution at a concentration of 0.1 mg/ml exists mainly in the dimeric form at pH 7.4 and temperature of 37 °C, although a small fraction of its monomers was also observed. Based on bioinformatics predictions, we introduced the D46G substitution to examine if EGF C-terminal part is directly involved in the intermolecular interface formation of the observed dimers. We found a reduced ability of the resulting EGF D46G dimers to dissociate at temperatures up to 50 °C. The D46G substitution also increased the intermolecular antiparallel β-structure content within the EGF peptide in a solution according to the CD spectra analysis that was confirmed by HATR-FTIR results. Additionally, the energy transfer between Tyr and Trp residues was detected by fluorescence spectroscopy for the EGF D46G mutant, but not for the native EGF. This allowed us to suggest the elongation and rearrangement of the intermolecular β-structure that leads to the observed stabilization of EGF D46G dimers. The results imply EGF dimerization under physiological pH value and temperature and the involvement of EGF C-terminal part in this process.
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2
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Ferrer‐Tasies L, Santana H, Cabrera‐Puig I, González‐Mira E, Ballell‐Hosa L, Castellar‐Álvarez C, Córdoba A, Merlo‐Mas J, Gerónimo H, Chinea G, Falcón V, Moreno‐Calvo E, Pedersen JS, Romero J, Navarro‐Requena C, Valdés C, Limonta M, Berlanga J, Sala S, Martínez E, Veciana J, Ventosa N. Recombinant Human Epidermal Growth Factor/Quatsome Nanoconjugates: A Robust Topical Delivery System for Complex Wound Healing. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Ferrer‐Tasies
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona ICMAB‐CSIC/CIBER‐BBN Campus Universitari Bellaterra 08193 Spain
- Nanomol Technologies S.L. Campus UAB Bellaterra 08193 Spain
| | - Hector Santana
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB) 31st Avenue between 158 and 190 Streets, Cubanacán, Playa Havana 10600 Cuba
| | - Ingrid Cabrera‐Puig
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona ICMAB‐CSIC/CIBER‐BBN Campus Universitari Bellaterra 08193 Spain
| | - Elisabet González‐Mira
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona ICMAB‐CSIC/CIBER‐BBN Campus Universitari Bellaterra 08193 Spain
| | - Lídia Ballell‐Hosa
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona ICMAB‐CSIC/CIBER‐BBN Campus Universitari Bellaterra 08193 Spain
- Nanomol Technologies S.L. Campus UAB Bellaterra 08193 Spain
| | | | - Alba Córdoba
- Nanomol Technologies S.L. Campus UAB Bellaterra 08193 Spain
| | | | - Haydee Gerónimo
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB) 31st Avenue between 158 and 190 Streets, Cubanacán, Playa Havana 10600 Cuba
| | - Glay Chinea
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB) 31st Avenue between 158 and 190 Streets, Cubanacán, Playa Havana 10600 Cuba
| | - Viviana Falcón
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB) 31st Avenue between 158 and 190 Streets, Cubanacán, Playa Havana 10600 Cuba
| | - Evelyn Moreno‐Calvo
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona ICMAB‐CSIC/CIBER‐BBN Campus Universitari Bellaterra 08193 Spain
| | - Jan Skov Pedersen
- Department of Chemistry and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) Aarhus University Gustav Wieds Vej 14 Aarhus C DK‐8000 Denmark
| | - Jessica Romero
- Health and Biomedicine Unit LEITAT Technological Center C/ de la Innovació, 2 Terrassa Barcelona 08225 Spain
| | - Claudia Navarro‐Requena
- Health and Biomedicine Unit LEITAT Technological Center C/ de la Innovació, 2 Terrassa Barcelona 08225 Spain
| | - Calixto Valdés
- National Institute for Angiology and Vascular Surgery 1551 Calzada del Cerro, Cerro Havana 12000 Cuba
| | - Miladys Limonta
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB) 31st Avenue between 158 and 190 Streets, Cubanacán, Playa Havana 10600 Cuba
| | - Jorge Berlanga
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB) 31st Avenue between 158 and 190 Streets, Cubanacán, Playa Havana 10600 Cuba
| | - Santiago Sala
- Nanomol Technologies S.L. Campus UAB Bellaterra 08193 Spain
| | - Eduardo Martínez
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB) 31st Avenue between 158 and 190 Streets, Cubanacán, Playa Havana 10600 Cuba
| | - Jaume Veciana
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona ICMAB‐CSIC/CIBER‐BBN Campus Universitari Bellaterra 08193 Spain
| | - Nora Ventosa
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona ICMAB‐CSIC/CIBER‐BBN Campus Universitari Bellaterra 08193 Spain
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3
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Abstract
Suramin is 100 years old and is still being used to treat the first stage of acute human sleeping sickness, caused by Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense Suramin is a multifunctional molecule with a wide array of potential applications, from parasitic and viral diseases to cancer, snakebite, and autism. Suramin is also an enigmatic molecule: What are its targets? How does it get into cells in the first place? Here, we provide an overview of the many different candidate targets of suramin and discuss its modes of action and routes of cellular uptake. We reason that, once the polypharmacology of suramin is understood at the molecular level, new, more specific, and less toxic molecules can be identified for the numerous potential applications of suramin.
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4
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A Third Shot at EGFR: New Opportunities in Cancer Therapy. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2019; 40:941-955. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2019.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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5
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Moscoso CG, Steer CJ. "Let my liver rather heat with wine" - a review of hepatic fibrosis pathophysiology and emerging therapeutics. Hepat Med 2019; 11:109-129. [PMID: 31565001 PMCID: PMC6731525 DOI: 10.2147/hmer.s213397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cirrhosis is characterized by extensive hepatic fibrosis, and it is the 14th leading cause of death worldwide. Numerous contributing conditions have been implicated in its development, including infectious etiologies, medication overdose or adverse effects, ingestible toxins, autoimmunity, hemochromatosis, Wilson’s disease and primary biliary cholangitis to list a few. It is associated with portal hypertension and its stigmata (varices, ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, combined coagulopathy and thrombophilia), and it is a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma. Currently, orthotopic liver transplantation has been the only curative modality to treat cirrhosis, and the scarcity of donors results in many people waiting years for a transplant. Identification of novel targets for pharmacologic therapy through elucidation of key mechanistic components to induce fibrosis reversal is the subject of intense research. Development of robust models of hepatic fibrosis to faithfully characterize the interplay between activated hepatic stellate cells (the principal fibrogenic contributor to fibrosis initiation and perpetuation), hepatocytes and extracellular matrix components has the potential to identify critical components and mechanisms that can be exploited for targeted treatment. In this review, we will highlight key cellular pathways involved in the pathophysiology of fibrosis from extracellular ligands, effectors and receptors, to nuclear receptors, epigenetic mechanisms, energy homeostasis and cytokines. Further, molecular pathways of hepatic stellate cell deactivation are discussed, including apoptosis, senescence and reversal or transdifferentiation to an inactivated state resembling quiescence. Lastly, clinical evidence of fibrosis reversal induced by biologics and small molecules is summarized, current compounds under clinical trials are described and efforts for treatment of hepatic fibrosis with mesenchymal stem cells are highlighted. An enhanced understanding of the rich tapestry of cellular processes identified in the initiation, perpetuation and resolution of hepatic fibrosis, driven principally through phenotypic switching of hepatic stellate cells, should lead to a breakthrough in potential therapeutic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos G Moscoso
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition
| | - Clifford J Steer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition.,Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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6
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Díaz‐Perlas C, Varese M, Guardiola S, Sánchez‐Navarro M, García J, Teixidó M, Giralt E. Protein Chemical Synthesis Combined with Mirror‐Image Phage Display Yields
d
‐Peptide EGF Ligands that Block the EGF–EGFR Interaction. Chembiochem 2019; 20:2079-2084. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Díaz‐Perlas
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona)Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) Baldiri Reixac 10 Barcelona 08028 Spain
| | - Monica Varese
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona)Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) Baldiri Reixac 10 Barcelona 08028 Spain
| | - Salvador Guardiola
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona)Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) Baldiri Reixac 10 Barcelona 08028 Spain
| | - Macarena Sánchez‐Navarro
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona)Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) Baldiri Reixac 10 Barcelona 08028 Spain
| | - Jesús García
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona)Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) Baldiri Reixac 10 Barcelona 08028 Spain
| | - Meritxell Teixidó
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona)Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) Baldiri Reixac 10 Barcelona 08028 Spain
| | - Ernest Giralt
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona)Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) Baldiri Reixac 10 Barcelona 08028 Spain
- Department of Inorganic and Organic ChemistryUniversity of Barcelona Martí I Franqués 1–11 Barcelona 08028 Spain
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7
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Molecular insight into the wetting behavior and amphiphilic character of cellulose nanocrystals. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 267:15-25. [PMID: 30884357 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The study of nanocellulose is a field of growing interest due to its many applications and its use in the development of biocompatible and eco-friendly materials. In spite of the vast number of studies in the field, many questions about the role of the molecular structure in the properties of cellulose are still subject of debate. One of these fundamental questions is the possible amphiphilic nature of cellulose and the relative role of hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic effect on the interactions of cellulose. In this work we present an extensive molecular dynamics simulation study of this question by analyzing the wetting of cellulose with water and organic solvent, its interaction with hydrophilic and hydrophobic ions and its interaction with a protein (human epidermal growth factor, hEGF). We consider two characteristic cellulose crystal planes of Iβ cellulose with very different roughness, different hydrogen bonding capability and different exposure of cellulose hydrophobic groups (the (010) plane which has exposed -OH groups and the (100) plane with buried -OH groups). Our results show that both surfaces are simultaneously hydrophilic and lipophilic, with both surfaces having very similar contact angles. In spite of the global similarity of wetting of both surfaces, the molecular details of wetting are very different and substantial local wetting heterogeneities (which strongly depend on the surface) appear for both solvents. We also observe a weak interaction of both surfaces with hydrophobic and hydrophilic solutes. These weak interactions are attributed to the simultaneous lipophilic and hydrophilic character of both (100) and (010) cellulose surfaces. Interestingly, we found a substantial interaction of both cellulose planes with polar and apolar residues of the hEGF protein.
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8
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Guardiola S, Varese M, Sánchez-Navarro M, Vincke C, Teixidó M, García J, Muyldermans S, Giralt E. Blocking EGFR Activation with Anti-EGF Nanobodies via Two Distinct Molecular Recognition Mechanisms. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:13843-13847. [PMID: 30152597 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201807736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
One of the hallmarks of cancer is the overproduction of growth factors such as EGF. Despite the clinical success achieved by EGFR-targeted therapies, their long-term efficacy is compromised by the onset of drug-resistant mutations. To address this issue, a family of camelid-derived single-domain antibodies (Nbs) were generated, obtaining the first direct EGF inhibitors that prevent EGFR phosphorylation and pathway activation through this new mechanism of action. The two best Nbs were subjected to a detailed investigation of their interaction mechanism that revealed important differences in their binding kinetics and equilibrium thermodynamics. These distinct behaviors at the biophysical level translate into an equally efficient inhibition of the cellular EGFR phosphorylation, thus proving the efficacy of these Nbs to turn off the initiation of this key oncogenic pathway in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Guardiola
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Monica Varese
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Macarena Sánchez-Navarro
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cécile Vincke
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Meritxell Teixidó
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús García
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Serge Muyldermans
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ernest Giralt
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Spain
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9
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Guardiola S, Varese M, Sánchez‐Navarro M, Vincke C, Teixidó M, García J, Muyldermans S, Giralt E. Blocking EGFR Activation with Anti‐EGF Nanobodies via Two Distinct Molecular Recognition Mechanisms. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201807736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Guardiola
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona)The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Baldiri Reixac, 10 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Monica Varese
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona)The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Baldiri Reixac, 10 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Macarena Sánchez‐Navarro
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona)The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Baldiri Reixac, 10 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Cécile Vincke
- Cellular and Molecular ImmunologyVrije Universiteit Brussel 1050 Brussels Belgium
| | - Meritxell Teixidó
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona)The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Baldiri Reixac, 10 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Jesús García
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona)The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Baldiri Reixac, 10 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Serge Muyldermans
- Cellular and Molecular ImmunologyVrije Universiteit Brussel 1050 Brussels Belgium
| | - Ernest Giralt
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona)The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Baldiri Reixac, 10 08028 Barcelona Spain
- Department of Inorganic and Organic ChemistryUniversity of Barcelona Spain
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10
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Guardiola S, Seco J, Varese M, Díaz-Lobo M, García J, Teixidó M, Nevola L, Giralt E. Toward a Novel Drug To Target the EGF-EGFR Interaction: Design of Metabolically Stable Bicyclic Peptides. Chembiochem 2017; 19:76-84. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Guardiola
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona); The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Baldiri Reixac 10 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Jesús Seco
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona); The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Baldiri Reixac 10 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Monica Varese
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona); The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Baldiri Reixac 10 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Mireia Díaz-Lobo
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona); The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Baldiri Reixac 10 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Jesús García
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona); The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Baldiri Reixac 10 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Meritxell Teixidó
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona); The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Baldiri Reixac 10 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Laura Nevola
- IDP Discovery Pharma SL; Barcelona Science Park; Baldiri Reixac 4 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Ernest Giralt
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona); The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Baldiri Reixac 10 08028 Barcelona Spain
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Barcelona; Martí i Franquès 1-11 08028 Barcelona Spain
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11
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Ghag G, Holler CJ, Taylor G, Kukar TL, Uversky VN, Rangachari V. Disulfide bonds and disorder in granulin-3: An unusual handshake between structural stability and plasticity. Protein Sci 2017; 26:1759-1772. [PMID: 28608407 PMCID: PMC5563133 DOI: 10.1002/pro.3212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Granulins (GRNs) are a family of small (∼6 kDa) proteins generated by the proteolytic processing of their precursor, progranulin (PGRN), in many cell types. Both PGRN and GRNs are implicated in a plethora of biological functions, often in opposing roles to each other. Lately, GRNs have generated significant attention due to their implicated roles in neurodegenerative disorders. Despite their physiological and pathological significance, the structure-function relationships of GRNs are poorly defined. GRNs contain 12 conserved cysteines forming six intramolecular disulfide bonds, making them rather exceptional, even among a few proteins with high disulfide bond density. Solution NMR investigations in the past have revealed a unique structure containing putative interdigitated disulfide bonds for several GRNs, but GRN-3 was unsolvable due to its heterogeneity and disorder. In our previous report, we showed that abrogation of disulfide bonds in GRN-3 renders the protein completely disordered (Ghag et al., Prot Eng Des Sel 2016). In this study, we report the cellular expression and biophysical analysis of fully oxidized, native GRN-3. Our results indicate that both E. coli and human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells do not exclusively make GRN-3 with homogenous disulfide bonds, likely due to the high cysteine density within the protein. Biophysical analysis suggests that GRN-3 structure is dominated by irregular loops held together only by disulfide bonds, which induced remarkable thermal stability to the protein despite the lack of regular secondary structure. This unusual handshake between disulfide bonds and disorder within GRN-3 could suggest a unique adaptation of intrinsically disordered proteins towards structural stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Ghag
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi, 39406
| | - Christopher J Holler
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, 30322
| | - Georgia Taylor
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, 30322
| | - Thomas L Kukar
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, 30322
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, 33612
| | - Vijayaraghavan Rangachari
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi, 39406
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12
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Cho CC, Chou RH, Yu C. Amlexanox Blocks the Interaction between S100A4 and Epidermal Growth Factor and Inhibits Cell Proliferation. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161663. [PMID: 27559743 PMCID: PMC4999211 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The human S100A4 protein binds calcium, resulting in a change in its conformation to promote the interaction with its target protein. Human epidermal growth factor (EGF) is the target protein of S100A4 and a critical ligand of the receptor EGFR. The EGF/EGFR system promotes cell survival, differentiation, and growth by activating several signaling pathways. Amlexanox is an anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic drug that is used to treat recurrent aphthous ulcers. In the present study, we determined that amlexanox interacts with S100A4 using heteronuclear single quantum correlation titration. We elucidated the interactions of S100A4 with EGF and amlexanox using fluorescence and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. We generated two binary models (for the S100A4-EGF and S100A4-amlexanox complexes) and observed that amlexanox and EGF share a similar binding region in mS100A4. We also used a WST-1 assay to investigate the bioactivity of S100A4, EGF, and amlexanox, and found that amlexanox blocks the binding between S100A4 and EGF, and is therefore useful for the development of new anti-proliferation drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching Chang Cho
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ruey-Hwang Chou
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chin Yu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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13
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Guardiola S, Díaz-Lobo M, Seco J, García J, Nevola L, Giralt E. Peptides Targeting EGF Block the EGF-EGFR Interaction. Chembiochem 2016; 17:702-11. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201500525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Guardiola
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona); The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Baldiri Reixac 10 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Mireia Díaz-Lobo
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona); The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Baldiri Reixac 10 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Jesús Seco
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona); The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Baldiri Reixac 10 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Jesús García
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona); The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Baldiri Reixac 10 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Laura Nevola
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona); The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Baldiri Reixac 10 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Ernest Giralt
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona); The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Baldiri Reixac 10 08028 Barcelona Spain
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Barcelona; 08028 Barcelona Spain
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14
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Nakaji-Hirabayashi T, Fujimoto K, Kato Y, Kitano H, Inoue Y, Ishihara K. Advantages of anchoring growth factors to materials for neural stem/progenitor cell proliferation. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:6213-6220. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb01944g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
We tried to clarify the mechanisms underlying immobilized-growth factor in NSPC regulation using approaches from materials science and cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Nakaji-Hirabayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- University of Toyama
- Toyama 930-8555
- Japan
| | - K. Fujimoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- University of Toyama
- Toyama 930-8555
- Japan
| | - Y. Kato
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Toyama
- Toyama 930-8555
- Japan
| | - H. Kitano
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- University of Toyama
- Toyama 930-8555
- Japan
| | - Y. Inoue
- Department of Materials Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo 113-8656
- Japan
| | - K. Ishihara
- Department of Materials Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo 113-8656
- Japan
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15
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Santana H, Sotolongo J, González Y, Hernández G, Chinea G, Gerónimo H, Amarantes O, Beldarraín A, Páez R. Stabilization of a recombinant human epidermal growth factor parenteral formulation through freeze-drying. Biologicals 2014; 42:322-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2014.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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16
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Mills BJ, Mu Q, Krause ME, Laurence JS. claMP Tag: a versatile inline metal-binding platform based on the metal abstraction peptide. Bioconjug Chem 2014; 25:1103-11. [PMID: 24807049 PMCID: PMC4215913 DOI: 10.1021/bc500115h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Molecularly
targeted research and diagnostic tools are essential
to advancing understanding and detection of many diseases. Metals
often impart the desired functionality to these tools, and conjugation
of high-affinity chelators to proteins is carried out to enable targeted
delivery of the metal. This approach has been much more effective
with large lanthanide series metals than smaller transition metals.
Because chemical conjugation requires additional processing and purification
steps and yields a heterogeneous mixture of products, inline incorporation
of a peptide tag capable of metal binding is a highly preferable alternative.
Development of a transition metal binding tag would provide opportunity
to greatly expand metal-based analyses. The metal abstraction peptide
(MAP) sequence was genetically engineered into recombinant protein
to generate the claMP Tag. The effects of this tag
on recombinant epidermal growth factor (EGF) protein expression, disulfide
bond formation, tertiary structural integrity, and transition metal
incorporation using nickel were examined to confirm the viability
of utilizing the MAP sequence to generate linker-less metal conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittney J Mills
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Kansas , Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
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17
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Sonntag MH, Ibach J, Nieto L, Verveer PJ, Brunsveld L. Site-specific protection and dual labeling of human epidermal growth factor (hEGF) for targeting, imaging, and cargo delivery. Chemistry 2014; 20:6019-26. [PMID: 24700787 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201304090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Revised: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Well-defined human epidermal growth factor (hEGF) constructs featuring selectively addressable labels are urgently needed to address outstanding questions regarding hEGF biology. A protein-engineering approach was developed to provide access to hEGF constructs that carry two cysteine-based site-specific orthogonal labeling sites in multi-milligram quantities. Also, a site-selective (de)protection and labeling approach was devised, which allows selective modification of these hEGF constructs. The hEGF, featuring three native disulfide bonds, was expressed featuring additional sulfhydryl groups, in the form of cysteine residues, as orthogonal ligation sites at both the N and C termini. Temporary protection of the N-terminal cysteine unit, in the form of a thiazolidine ring, avoids interference with protein folding and enables sequential labeling in conjunction with the cysteine residue at the C terminus. Based on thus-generated hEGF constructs, sequential and site-specific labeling with a variety of molecular probes could be demonstrated, thus leading to a biological fully functional hEGF with specifically incorporated fluorophores or protein cargo and native cellular targeting and uptake profiles. Thus, this novel strategy provides a robust entry to high-yielding access of hEGF and rapid and easy site-specific and multifunctional dual labeling of this growth factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael H Sonntag
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612 AZ Eindhoven (NL)
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18
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Tayel A, Abd El Galil KH, Ebrahim MA, Ibrahim AS, El-Gayar AM, Al-Gayyar MMH. Suramin inhibits hepatic tissue damage in hepatocellular carcinoma through deactivation of heparanase enzyme. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 728:151-60. [PMID: 24530413 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Revised: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is resistant to conventional chemotherapy, and is rarely amenable to radiotherapy. Heparanase, enzyme attacks heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs), is preferentially expressed in human tumors and its overexpression in low-metastatic tumor confers a highly invasive phenotype in experimental animals. Meanwhile, high doses of suramin dramatically increase tissue glycosaminoglycans due, in part, to inhibition of heparanase enzymes. Therefore, the following study was conducted to evaluate the chemopreventive and hepatoprotective effects of suramin in in-vivo model of HCC. Therefore, HCC was induced in SD rats by thioacetamide (200mg/kg) in presence/absence of suramin (20mg/kg). Liver impairment was assessed by measuring serum α-fetoprotein and investigating liver sections stained with Hematoxylin/Eosin. Hepatic HSPGs and heparanse were measured by ELISA. Glucosamine and glucuronic acid were measured by chemical methods. Gene expression of fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2 and caspase-3 was measured. Apoptotic pathway was evaluated by measuring the activity of caspase-3/8/9. Suramin increased the animal survival and decreased serum α-fetoprotein. In addition, suramin ameliorated fibrosis and massive hepatic tissue breakdown. Suramin restored hepatic HSPGs and reduced the activity of hepatic heparanase leading to decreased hepatic levels of glucosamine and glucuronic acid. Moreover, suramin reduced the gene expression of FGF-2 and caspase-3. Finally, suramin blocked the elevated activity of caspase-3/8/9. In conclusion, surmain showed antitumor activity as well as hepatoprotective effects. Besides its antioxidant activity, other mechanisms are involved including restoration of HSPGs and inhibition of heparanase and FGF-2. Suramin inhibits intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathway. Targeting HSPGs expression is potential therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Tayel
- Deptment of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Mansoura, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Khaled H Abd El Galil
- Deptment of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Mansoura, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed S Ibrahim
- Deptment of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Mansoura, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Amal M El-Gayar
- Deptment of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Mansoura, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohammed M H Al-Gayyar
- Deptment of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Mansoura, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
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19
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Development of an epidermal growth factor derivative with EGFR blocking activity. PLoS One 2013; 8:e69325. [PMID: 23935985 PMCID: PMC3728333 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The members of the epidermal growth factor (EGF)/ErbB family are prime targets for cancer therapy. However, the therapeutic efficiency of the existing anti-ErbB agents is limited. Thus, identifying new molecules that inactivate the ErbB receptors through novel strategies is an important goal on cancer research. In this study we have developed a shorter form of human EGF (EGFt) with a truncated C-terminal as a novel EGFR inhibitor. EGFt was designed based on the superimposition of the three-dimensional structures of EGF and the Potato Carboxypeptidase Inhibitor (PCI), an EGFR blocker previously described by our group. The peptide was produced in E. coli with a high yield of the correctly folded peptide. EGFt showed specificity and high affinity for EGFR but induced poor EGFR homodimerization and phosphorylation. Interestingly, EGFt promoted EGFR internalization and translocation to the cell nucleus although it did not stimulate the cell growth. In addition, EGFt competed with EGFR native ligands, inhibiting the proliferation of cancer cells. These data indicate that EGFt may be a potential EGFR blocker for cancer therapy. In addition, the lack of EGFR-mediated growth-stimulatory activity makes EGFt an excellent delivery agent to target toxins to tumours over-expressing EGFR.
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Inactivation of epidermal growth factor by Porphyromonas gingivalis as a potential mechanism for periodontal tissue damage. Infect Immun 2012; 81:55-64. [PMID: 23090954 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00830-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis is a Gram-negative bacterium associated with the development of periodontitis. The evolutionary success of this pathogen results directly from the presence of numerous virulence factors, including peptidylarginine deiminase (PPAD), an enzyme that converts arginine to citrulline in proteins and peptides. Such posttranslational modification is thought to affect the function of many different signaling molecules. Taking into account the importance of tissue remodeling and repair mechanisms for periodontal homeostasis, which are orchestrated by ligands of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), we investigated the ability of PPAD to distort cross talk between the epithelium and the epidermal growth factor (EGF) signaling pathway. We found that EGF preincubation with purified recombinant PPAD, or a wild-type strain of P. gingivalis, but not with a PPAD-deficient isogenic mutant, efficiently hindered the ability of the growth factor to stimulate epidermal cell proliferation and migration. In addition, PPAD abrogated EGFR-EGF interaction-dependent stimulation of expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 and interferon regulatory factor 1. Biochemical analysis clearly showed that the PPAD-exerted effects on EGF activities were solely due to deimination of the C-terminal arginine. Interestingly, citrullination of two internal Arg residues with human endogenous peptidylarginine deiminases did not alter EFG function, arguing that the C-terminal arginine is essential for EGF biological activity. Cumulatively, these data suggest that the PPAD-activity-abrogating EGF function in gingival pockets may at least partially contribute to tissue damage and delayed healing within P. gingivalis-infected periodontia.
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Ghai R, Falconer RJ, Collins BM. Applications of isothermal titration calorimetry in pure and applied research--survey of the literature from 2010. J Mol Recognit 2012; 25:32-52. [PMID: 22213449 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.1167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) is a biophysical technique for measuring the formation and dissociation of molecular complexes and has become an invaluable tool in many branches of science from cell biology to food chemistry. By measuring the heat absorbed or released during bond formation, ITC provides accurate, rapid, and label-free measurement of the thermodynamics of molecular interactions. In this review, we survey the recent literature reporting the use of ITC and have highlighted a number of interesting studies that provide a flavour of the diverse systems to which ITC can be applied. These include measurements of protein-protein and protein-membrane interactions required for macromolecular assembly, analysis of enzyme kinetics, experimental validation of molecular dynamics simulations, and even in manufacturing applications such as food science. Some highlights include studies of the biological complex formed by Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin C3 and the murine T-cell receptor, the mechanism of membrane association of the Parkinson's disease-associated protein α-synuclein, and the role of non-specific tannin-protein interactions in the quality of different beverages. Recent developments in automation are overcoming limitations on throughput imposed by previous manual procedures and promise to greatly extend usefulness of ITC in the future. We also attempt to impart some practical advice for getting the most out of ITC data for those researchers less familiar with the method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Ghai
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
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