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Morais PAB, Francisco CS, de Paula H, Ribeiro R, Eloy MA, Javarini CL, Neto ÁC, Júnior VL. Semisynthetic Triazoles as an Approach in the Discovery of Novel Lead Compounds. CURR ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272825666210126100227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Historically, medicinal chemistry has been concerned with the approach of organic
chemistry for new drug synthesis. Considering the fruitful collections of new molecular entities,
the dedicated efforts for medicinal chemistry are rewarding. Planning and search for new
and applicable pharmacologic therapies involve the altruistic nature of the scientists. Since
the 19th century, notoriously applying isolated and characterized plant-derived compounds in
modern drug discovery and various stages of clinical development highlight its viability and
significance. Natural products influence a broad range of biological processes, covering transcription,
translation, and post-translational modification, being effective modulators of most
basic cellular processes. The research of new chemical entities through “click chemistry”
continuously opens up a map for the remarkable exploration of chemical space towards leading
natural products optimization by structure-activity relationship. Finally, in this review, we expect to gather a
broad knowledge involving triazolic natural product derivatives, synthetic routes, structures, and their biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Alves Bezerra Morais
- Centro de Ciencias Exatas, Naturais e da Saude, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, 29500000, Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Carla Santana Francisco
- Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Quimica, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, 29075910, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Heberth de Paula
- Centro de Ciencias Exatas, Naturais e da Saude, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, 29500000, Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Rayssa Ribeiro
- Programa de Pos- Graduacao em Agroquimica, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, 29500000, Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Mariana Alves Eloy
- Programa de Pos- Graduacao em Agroquimica, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, 29500000, Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Clara Lirian Javarini
- Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Quimica, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, 29075910, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Álvaro Cunha Neto
- Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Quimica, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, 29075910, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Valdemar Lacerda Júnior
- Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Quimica, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, 29075910, Vitória, ES, Brazil
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2
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Kaczorowska A, Lamperska W, Frączkowska K, Masajada J, Drobczyński S, Sobas M, Wróbel T, Chybicka K, Tarkowski R, Kraszewski S, Podbielska H, Kałas W, Kopaczyńska M. Profound Nanoscale Structural and Biomechanical Changes in DNA Helix upon Treatment with Anthracycline Drugs. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21114142. [PMID: 32531996 PMCID: PMC7312087 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In our study, we describe the outcomes of the intercalation of different anthracycline antibiotics in double-stranded DNA at the nanoscale and single molecule level. Atomic force microscopy analysis revealed that intercalation results in significant elongation and thinning of dsDNA molecules. Additionally, using optical tweezers, we have shown that intercalation decreases the stiffness of DNA molecules, that results in greater susceptibility of dsDNA to break. Using DNA molecules with different GC/AT ratios, we checked whether anthracycline antibiotics show preference for GC-rich or AT-rich DNA fragments. We found that elongation, decrease in height and decrease in stiffness of dsDNA molecules was highest in GC-rich dsDNA, suggesting the preference of anthracycline antibiotics for GC pairs and GC-rich regions of DNA. This is important because such regions of genomes are enriched in DNA regulatory elements. By using three different anthracycline antibiotics, namely doxorubicin (DOX), epirubicin (EPI) and daunorubicin (DAU), we could compare their detrimental effects on DNA. Despite their analogical structure, anthracyclines differ in their effects on DNA molecules and GC-rich region preference. DOX had the strongest overall effect on the DNA topology, causing the largest elongation and decrease in height. On the other hand, EPI has the lowest preference for GC-rich dsDNA. Moreover, we demonstrated that the nanoscale perturbations in dsDNA topology are reflected by changes in the microscale properties of the cell, as even short exposition to doxorubicin resulted in an increase in nuclei stiffness, which can be due to aberration of the chromatin organization, upon intercalation of doxorubicin molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Kaczorowska
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 27 Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.K.); (K.F.); (S.K.); (H.P.)
| | - Weronika Lamperska
- Department of Optics and Photonics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 27 Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; (W.L.); (J.M.); (S.D.)
| | - Kaja Frączkowska
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 27 Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.K.); (K.F.); (S.K.); (H.P.)
| | - Jan Masajada
- Department of Optics and Photonics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 27 Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; (W.L.); (J.M.); (S.D.)
| | - Sławomir Drobczyński
- Department of Optics and Photonics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 27 Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; (W.L.); (J.M.); (S.D.)
| | - Marta Sobas
- Department of Hematology, Blood Neoplasms and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteura 4, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.S.); (T.W.)
| | - Tomasz Wróbel
- Department of Hematology, Blood Neoplasms and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteura 4, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.S.); (T.W.)
| | - Kinga Chybicka
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rudolfa Weigla 12, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.C.); (W.K.)
| | - Radosław Tarkowski
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Provincial Specialist Hospital, Iwaszkiewicza 5, 59-220 Legnica, Poland;
| | - Sebastian Kraszewski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 27 Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.K.); (K.F.); (S.K.); (H.P.)
| | - Halina Podbielska
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 27 Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.K.); (K.F.); (S.K.); (H.P.)
| | - Wojciech Kałas
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rudolfa Weigla 12, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.C.); (W.K.)
| | - Marta Kopaczyńska
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 27 Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.K.); (K.F.); (S.K.); (H.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-71-320-46-17
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3
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Banerji B, Chandrasekhar K, Sreenath K, Roy S, Nag S, Saha KD. Synthesis of Triazole-Substituted Quinazoline Hybrids for Anticancer Activity and a Lead Compound as the EGFR Blocker and ROS Inducer Agent. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:16134-16142. [PMID: 30556027 PMCID: PMC6288807 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A series of triazole-substituted quinazoline hybrid compounds were designed and synthesized for anticancer activity targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase. Most of the compounds showed moderate to good antiproliferative activity against four cancer cell lines (HepG2, HCT116, MCF-7, and PC-3). Compound 5b showed good antiproliferative activity (IC50 = 20.71 μM) against MCF-7 cell lines. Molecular docking results showed that compound 5b formed hydrogen bond with Met 769 and Lys 721 and π-sulfur interaction with Met 742 of EGFR tyrosine kinase (PDB ID: 1M17). Compound 5b decreases the expression of EGFR and p-EGFR. It also induces apoptosis through reactive oxygen species generation, followed by the change in mitochondrial membrane potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswadip Banerji
- Organic
& Medicinal Chemistry Division, Academy of Scientific and Innovative
Research (AcSIR), and Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Kadaiahgari Chandrasekhar
- Organic
& Medicinal Chemistry Division, Academy of Scientific and Innovative
Research (AcSIR), and Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Kancham Sreenath
- National
Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)—Kolkata, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Saheli Roy
- Organic
& Medicinal Chemistry Division, Academy of Scientific and Innovative
Research (AcSIR), and Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Sayoni Nag
- Organic
& Medicinal Chemistry Division, Academy of Scientific and Innovative
Research (AcSIR), and Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Krishna Das Saha
- Organic
& Medicinal Chemistry Division, Academy of Scientific and Innovative
Research (AcSIR), and Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
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4
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Salerno D, Beretta GL, Zanchetta G, Brioschi S, Cristofalo M, Missana N, Nardo L, Cassina V, Tempestini A, Giovannoni R, Cerrito MG, Zaffaroni N, Bellini T, Mantegazza F. Platinum-Based Drugs and DNA Interactions Studied by Single-Molecule and Bulk Measurements. Biophys J 2017; 110:2151-61. [PMID: 27224480 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2016.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Platinum-containing molecules are widely used as anticancer drugs. These molecules exert cytotoxic effects by binding to DNA through various mechanisms. The binding between DNA and platinum-based drugs hinders the opening of DNA, and therefore, DNA duplication and transcription are severely hampered. Overall, impeding the above-mentioned important DNA mechanisms results in irreversible DNA damage and the induction of apoptosis. Several molecules, including multinuclear platinum compounds, belong to the family of platinum drugs, and there is a body of research devoted to developing more efficient and less toxic versions of these compounds. In this study, we combined different biophysical methods, including single-molecule assays (magnetic tweezers) and bulk experiments (ultraviolet absorption for thermal denaturation) to analyze the differential stability of double-stranded DNA in complex with either cisplatin or multinuclear platinum agents. Specifically, we analyzed how the binding of BBR3005 and BBR3464, two representative multinuclear platinum-based compounds, to DNA affects its stability as compared with cisplatin binding. Our results suggest that single-molecule approaches can provide insights into the drug-DNA interactions that underlie drug potency and provide information that is complementary to that generated from bulk analysis; thus, single-molecule approaches have the potential to facilitate the selection and design of optimized drug compounds. In particular, relevant differences in DNA stability at the single-molecule level are demonstrated by analyzing nanomechanically induced DNA denaturation. On the basis of the comparison between the single-molecule and bulk analyses, we suggest that transplatinated drugs are able to locally destabilize small portions of the DNA chain, whereas other regions are stabilized.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giovanni L Beretta
- Dipartimento di Oncologia Sperimentale e Medicina Molecolare, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Giuliano Zanchetta
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Translazionale, Università degli Studi di Milano, Segrate, Italy
| | - Simone Brioschi
- School of Medicine, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Natalia Missana
- School of Medicine, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Luca Nardo
- School of Medicine, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Valeria Cassina
- School of Medicine, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Giovannoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Nadia Zaffaroni
- Dipartimento di Oncologia Sperimentale e Medicina Molecolare, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Tommaso Bellini
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Translazionale, Università degli Studi di Milano, Segrate, Italy
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6
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Rahman MU, Jeyabalan G, Saraswat P, Parveen G, Khan S, Yar MS. Quinazolines and anticancer activity: A current perspectives. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2016.1269926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mujeeb Ur Rahman
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Alwar Pharmacy College M.I.A., Alwar, India
| | - G. Jeyabalan
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Alwar Pharmacy College M.I.A., Alwar, India
| | - Pankaj Saraswat
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Alwar Pharmacy College M.I.A., Alwar, India
| | - Gazala Parveen
- Department of Pharmacy, Sun Rise University, Alwar, India
| | - Shahroz Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Sun Rise University, Alwar, India
| | - M. Shahar Yar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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7
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Feng F, Jin Y, Duan L, Yan Z, Wang S, Li F, Liu Y, Samet JM, Wu W. Regulation of ozone-induced lung inflammation by the epidermal growth factor receptor in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2016; 31:2016-2027. [PMID: 26464147 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Human exposure to the highly reactive oxidant gas Ozone (O3 ) is associated with inflammatory responses in the airway epithelium. The mechanisms responsible have not been fully elucidated. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has previously been shown to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of lung inflammation. To define the role of EGFR in O3 -induced lung inflammation in mice. 40 BALB/c mice were exposed to filtered air (FA) or (0.25, 0.5, 1.00 ppm) O3 for 3 h per day for 7 consecutive days. Levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), EGF, and transforming growth factor α (TGF-α) in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of mice were measured using ELISA. BALB/c mice were intratracheally instilled with the EGFR kinase inhibitor PD153035 2 h prior to O3 exposure and every other day thereafter. Phosphorylation of EGFR (Y1068) in lung sections was determined using immunohistochemical staining and western blot 24 h after exposure. Inhalation of O3 induced pronounced lung inflammation in a dose-dependent manner. Levels of ROS, TGF-α, and total proteins and cells in the BALF of mice exposed to 0.5 ppm or 1.0 ppm of O3 were markedly elevated relative to those in the BALF of the mice exposed to FA. In addition, exposure to O3 induced EGFR(Y1068) phosphorylation in the airway epithelium. Administration of PD153035 resulted in a significantly reduced lung inflammation as well as EGFR phosphorylation induced by O3 exposure. Inhalation of O3 leads to inflammatory responses that are dependent on the activation the EGFR in the airway epithelium. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 31: 2016-2027, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Feng
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuefei Jin
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liju Duan
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhen Yan
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shouying Wang
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, China
| | - Fangfang Li
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, China
| | - Yingying Liu
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, China
| | - James M Samet
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Weidong Wu
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, China
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8
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4-Arylamino-6-nitroquinazolines: Synthesis and their activities against neglected disease leishmaniasis. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 108:13-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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9
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Suei S, Raudsepp A, Kent LM, Keen SAJ, Filichev VV, Williams MAK. DNA visualization in single molecule studies carried out with optical tweezers: Covalent versus non-covalent attachment of fluorophores. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 466:226-31. [PMID: 26362181 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the use of the covalent attachment of fluorescent dyes to double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) stretched between particles using optical tweezers (OT) and compared the mechanical properties of the covalently-functionalized chain to that of unmodified DNA and to DNA bound to a previously uncharacterized groove-binder, SYBR-gold. Modified DNA species were obtained by covalently linking azide-functionalized organic fluorophores onto the backbone of DNA chains via the alkyne moieties of modified bases that were incorporated during PCR. These DNA molecules were then constructed into dumbbells by attaching polystyrene particles to the respective chain ends via biotin or digoxigenin handles that had been pre-attached to the PCR primers which formed the ends of the synthesized molecule. Using the optical tweezers, the DNA was stretched by separating the two optically trapped polystyrene particles. Displacements of the particles were measured in 3D using an interpolation-based normalized cross-correlation method and force-extension curves were calculated and fitted to the worm-like chain model to parameterize the mechanical properties of the DNA. Results showed that both the contour and persistence length of the covalently-modified dsDNAs were indistinguishable from that of the unmodified dsDNA, whereas SYBR-gold binding perturbed the contour length of the chain in a force-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandy Suei
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
| | - Allan Raudsepp
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Lisa M Kent
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Stephen A J Keen
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
| | - Vyacheslav V Filichev
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Martin A K Williams
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6140, New Zealand; Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
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10
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A new and facile CuCl2·2H2O-catalyzed one-pot three-component synthesis for quinazolines. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-015-1460-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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11
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Khan KM, Saad SM, Shaikh NN, Hussain S, Fakhri MI, Perveen S, Taha M, Choudhary MI. Synthesis and β-glucuronidase inhibitory activity of 2-arylquinazolin-4(3H)-ones. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:3449-54. [PMID: 24844756 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2014] [Revised: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
2-Arylquinazolin-4(3H)-ones 1-25 were synthesized by reacting anthranilamide with various benzaldehydes using CuCl2·2H2O as a catalyst in ethanol under reflux. Synthetic 2-arylquinazolin-4(3H)-ones 1-25 were evaluated for their β-glucuronidase inhibitory potential. A trend of inhibition IC50 against the enzyme in the range of 0.6-198.2μM, was observed and compared with the standard d-saccharic acid 1,4-lactone (IC50=45.75±2.16μM). Compounds 13, 19, 4, 12, 14, 22, 23, 25, 15, 8, 17, 11, 21, 1, 3, 18, 9, 2, and 24 with the IC50 values within the range of 0.6-44.0μM, indicated that the compounds have superior activity than the standard. The compounds showed no cytotoxic effects against PC-3 cells. A structure-activity relationship is established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Mohammed Khan
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Syed Muhammad Saad
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Nimra Naveed Shaikh
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Shafqat Hussain
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran Fakhri
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Shahnaz Perveen
- PCSIR Laboratories Complex, Karachi, Shahrah-e-Dr. Salimuzzaman Siddiqui, Karachi 75280, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Taha
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 2254, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Nilsen-Nygaard J, Sletmoen M, Draget KI. Stability and interaction forces of oil-in-water emulsions as observed by optical tweezers – a proof-of-concept study. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra07140a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This proof-of-concept study documents the suitability of optical tweezers in studies aiming at revealing the forces acting between emulsion droplets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Nilsen-Nygaard
- Norwegian Biopolymer Laboratory (NOBIPOL)
- Department of Biotechnology
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)
- 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Marit Sletmoen
- Department of Physics
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)
- 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kurt Ingar Draget
- Norwegian Biopolymer Laboratory (NOBIPOL)
- Department of Biotechnology
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)
- 7491 Trondheim, Norway
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13
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Vashist M, Kushwaha K, Kaushik R, Jain SC. Synthesis of medicinally important quinazolines decorated with 1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazoles using CuSO4·5H2O–Et3N catalytic system. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra02123a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The direct use of Cu(ii) sulfate pentahydrate in the presence of triethylamine afforded 1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazoles via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of terminal alkyne(s) to azide(s) at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Reena Kaushik
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Delhi
- Delhi, India
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14
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Xue Gou, Ho Chun Han, Songyu Hu, Leung AYH, Dong Sun. Applying Combined Optical Tweezers and Fluorescence Microscopy Technologies to Manipulate Cell Adhesions for Cell-to-Cell Interaction Study. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2013; 60:2308-15. [DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2013.2255287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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