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Latancia MT, Leandro GDS, Bastos AU, Moreno NC, Ariwoola ABA, Martins DJ, Ashton NW, Ribeiro VC, Hoch NC, Rocha CRR, Woodgate R, Menck CFM. Human translesion DNA polymerases ι and κ mediate tolerance to temozolomide in MGMT-deficient glioblastoma cells. DNA Repair (Amst) 2024; 141:103715. [PMID: 39029375 PMCID: PMC11330349 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2024.103715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive brain tumor associated with poor patient survival. The current standard treatment involves invasive surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy employing temozolomide (TMZ). Resistance to TMZ is, however, a major challenge. Previous work from our group has identified candidate genes linked to TMZ resistance, including genes encoding translesion synthesis (TLS) DNA polymerases iota (Polɩ) and kappa (Polκ). These specialized enzymes are known for bypassing lesions and tolerating DNA damage. Here, we investigated the roles of Polɩ and Polκ in TMZ resistance, employing MGMT-deficient U251-MG glioblastoma cells, with knockout of either POLI or POLK genes encoding Polɩ and Polκ, respectively, and assess their viability and genotoxic stress responses upon subsequent TMZ treatment. Cells lacking either of these polymerases exhibited a significant decrease in viability following TMZ treatment compared to parental counterparts. The restoration of the missing polymerase led to a recovery of cell viability. Furthermore, knockout cells displayed increased cell cycle arrest, mainly in late S-phase, and lower levels of genotoxic stress after TMZ treatment, as assessed by a reduction of γH2AX foci and flow cytometry data. This implies that TMZ treatment does not trigger a significant H2AX phosphorylation response in the absence of these proteins. Interestingly, combining TMZ with Mirin (double-strand break repair pathway inhibitor) further reduced the cell viability and increased DNA damage and γH2AX positive cells in TLS KO cells, but not in parental cells. These findings underscore the crucial roles of Polɩ and Polκ in conferring TMZ resistance and the potential backup role of homologous recombination in the absence of these TLS polymerases. Targeting these TLS enzymes, along with double-strand break DNA repair inhibition, could, therefore, provide a promising strategy to enhance TMZ's effectiveness in treating GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Teatin Latancia
- Laboratory of DNA Repair, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil; Laboratory of Genomic Integrity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-3371, USA.
| | - Giovana da Silva Leandro
- Laboratory of DNA Repair, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - André Uchimura Bastos
- Laboratory of DNA Repair, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Natália Cestari Moreno
- Laboratory of DNA Repair, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil; Laboratory of Genomic Integrity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-3371, USA.
| | - Abu-Bakr Adetayo Ariwoola
- Laboratory of DNA Repair, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil; Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04037-003, Brazil.
| | - Davi Jardim Martins
- Laboratory of DNA Repair, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil; Laboratory of Genomic Stability, Chemistry Institute at University, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Nicholas William Ashton
- Laboratory of Genomic Integrity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-3371, USA.
| | - Victória Chaves Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Genomic Stability, Chemistry Institute at University, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Nicolas Carlos Hoch
- Laboratory of Genomic Stability, Chemistry Institute at University, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Clarissa Ribeiro Reily Rocha
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04037-003, Brazil.
| | - Roger Woodgate
- Laboratory of Genomic Integrity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-3371, USA.
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Vibhavari RJA, Rao V, Cheruku SP, Kumar BH, Maity S, Nandakumar K, Kumar L, Mehta CH, Nayak U, Chamallamudi MR, Kumar N. Enhancing temozolomide antiglioma response by inhibiting O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase with selected phytochemicals: in silico and in vitro approach. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:385. [PMID: 37928438 PMCID: PMC10622385 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03821-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of our study was to investigate the potential of rutin, catechin, dehydrozingerone, naringenin, and quercetin, both alone and in combination with temozolomide, to inhibit the expression of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) in glioma cells. MGMT has been shown to be a major cause of temozolomide resistance in glioma. Our study used both in silico and in vitro methods to assess the inhibitory activity of these phytochemicals on MGMT, with the goal of identifying the most effective combination of compounds for reducing temozolomide resistance. After conducting an initial in silico screening of natural compounds against MGMT protein, five phytochemicals were chosen based on their high docking scores and favorable binding energies. From the molecular docking and simulation studies, we found that quercetin showed a good inhibitory effect of MGMT with its high binding affinity. C6 glioma cells showed increased cytotoxicity when treated with the temozolomide and quercetin combination. It was understood from the isobologram and combination index plot that the drug combination showed a synergistic effect at the lowest dose. Quercetin when combined with temozolomide significantly decreased the MGMT levels in C6 cells in comparison with the other drugs as estimated by ELISA. The percentage of apoptotic cells increased significantly in the temozolomide-quercetin group indicating the potency of quercetin in decreasing the resistance of temozolomide as confirmed by acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining. Our experiment hence suggests that temozolomide resistance can be reduced by combining the drug with quercetin which will serve as an effective therapeutic target for glioblastoma treatment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-023-03821-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. J. A. Vibhavari
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104 Karnataka India
| | - Vanishree Rao
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104 Karnataka India
| | - Sri Pragnya Cheruku
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104 Karnataka India
| | - B. Harish Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104 Karnataka India
| | - Swastika Maity
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104 Karnataka India
| | - Krishnadas Nandakumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104 Karnataka India
| | - Lalit Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, India
| | - Chetan Hasmukh Mehta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104 Karnataka India
| | - Usha Nayak
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104 Karnataka India
| | - Mallikarjuna Rao Chamallamudi
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104 Karnataka India
| | - Nitesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Export Promotions Industrial Park (EPIP), Industrial Area, Vaishali, Hajipur, 844102 Bihar India
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Zheng SX, Chen J, Zhuang BB, Zhang Q, Shi SS, Zhang GL. Cordycepin improves sensitivity to temozolomide in glioblastoma cells by down-regulating MYC. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:16055-16067. [PMID: 37695389 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05347-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Glioblastoma is one of the malignant tumors with poor prognosis and no effective treatment is available at present. METHODS To study the effect of cordycepin combined with temozolomide on glioblastoma, we explored the effect of the combination based on network pharmacology and biological verification. RESULTS It was found that the drug combination significantly inhibited the cell growth, proliferation, migration and invasion of LN-229 cells. Drug combination inhibited epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by up-regulating the expression of E-cadherin and suppressing the expression of N-cadherin, Zeb1 and Twist1. Through network pharmacology, we further explored the molecular mechanism of drug combination against glioblastoma, and 36 drug-disease common targets were screened. The GO biological process analysis included 44 items (P < 0.01), which mainly involved the regulation of apoptosis, cell proliferation, cell migration, etc. The enrichment analysis of KEGG pathways included 28 pathways (P < 0.05), and the first four pathways were "MicroRNA in cancer, Proteoglycans in cancer, Pathways in cancer and PI3K-AKT signaling pathway". We detected the expression of important genes in the pathways and PPI network, and the results showed that the drug combination down-regulated NFKB1, MYC, MMP-9, MCL1, CTNNB1, and up-regulated PDCD4. CONCLUSION Cordycepin combined with temozolomide may down-regulate MYC through "MicroRNA in cancer, Proteoglycans in cancer, Pathways in cancer and PI3K-AKT signaling pathway", which in turn regulate the expression of MCL1, CTNNB1, MMP9, PDCD4, thus regulating cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis in glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Xing Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29# Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29# Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China.
| | - Bing-Bo Zhuang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29# Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29# Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Song-Sheng Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29# Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Guo-Liang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29# Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
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Boccellato C, Rehm M. Glioblastoma, from disease understanding towards optimal cell-based in vitro models. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2022; 45:527-541. [PMID: 35763242 PMCID: PMC9424171 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-022-00684-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Glioblastoma (GBM) patients are notoriously difficult to treat and ultimately all succumb to disease. This unfortunate scenario motivates research into better characterizing and understanding this disease, and into developing novel research tools by which potential novel therapeutics and treatment options initially can be evaluated pre-clinically. Here, we provide a concise overview of glioblastoma epidemiology, disease classification, the challenges faced in the treatment of glioblastoma and current novel treatment strategies. From this, we lead into a description and assessment of advanced cell-based models that aim to narrow the gap between pre-clinical and clinical studies. Such invitro models are required to deliver reliable and meaningful data for the development and pre-validation of novel therapeutics and treatments.
Conclusions
The toolbox for GBM cell-based models has expanded substantially, with the possibility of 3D printing tumour tissues and thereby replicating invivo tissue architectures now looming on the horizon. A comparison of experimental cell-based model systems and techniques highlights advantages and drawbacks of the various tools available, based on which cell-based models and experimental approaches best suited to address a diversity of research questions in the glioblastoma research field can be selected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Boccellato
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Markus Rehm
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.
- Stuttgart Research Center Systems Biology, University of Stuttgart, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.
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El Kheir W, Marcos B, Virgilio N, Paquette B, Faucheux N, Lauzon MA. Drug Delivery Systems in the Development of Novel Strategies for Glioblastoma Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:1189. [PMID: 35745762 PMCID: PMC9227363 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a grade IV glioma considered the most fatal cancer of the central nervous system (CNS), with less than a 5% survival rate after five years. The tumor heterogeneity, the high infiltrative behavior of its cells, and the blood-brain barrier (BBB) that limits the access of therapeutic drugs to the brain are the main reasons hampering the current standard treatment efficiency. Following the tumor resection, the infiltrative remaining GBM cells, which are resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, can further invade the surrounding brain parenchyma. Consequently, the development of new strategies to treat parenchyma-infiltrating GBM cells, such as vaccines, nanotherapies, and tumor cells traps including drug delivery systems, is required. For example, the chemoattractant CXCL12, by binding to its CXCR4 receptor, activates signaling pathways that play a critical role in tumor progression and invasion, making it an interesting therapeutic target to properly control the direction of GBM cell migration for treatment proposes. Moreover, the interstitial fluid flow (IFF) is also implicated in increasing the GBM cell migration through the activation of the CXCL12-CXCR4 signaling pathway. However, due to its complex and variable nature, the influence of the IFF on the efficiency of drug delivery systems is not well understood yet. Therefore, this review discusses novel drug delivery strategies to overcome the GBM treatment limitations, focusing on chemokines such as CXCL12 as an innovative approach to reverse the migration of infiltrated GBM. Furthermore, recent developments regarding in vitro 3D culture systems aiming to mimic the dynamic peritumoral environment for the optimization of new drug delivery technologies are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiam El Kheir
- Advanced Dynamic Cell Culture Systems Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boul. Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada;
- Laboratory of Cell-Biomaterial Biohybrid Systems, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boul. Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada;
| | - Bernard Marcos
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boul. Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada;
| | - Nick Virgilio
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, 2500 Chemin de Polytechnique, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada;
| | - Benoit Paquette
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada;
- Clinical Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de l’Université de Sherbrooke, 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Nathalie Faucheux
- Laboratory of Cell-Biomaterial Biohybrid Systems, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boul. Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada;
- Clinical Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de l’Université de Sherbrooke, 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Marc-Antoine Lauzon
- Advanced Dynamic Cell Culture Systems Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boul. Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada;
- Research Center on Aging, 1036 Rue Belvédère Sud, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4C4, Canada
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Zhu L, Meng D, Wang X, Chen X. Ferroptosis-Driven Nanotherapeutics to Reverse Drug Resistance in Tumor Microenvironment. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:2481-2506. [PMID: 35614872 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ferroptosis, characterized by iron-dependent lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, is non-apoptotic programmed cell death highly relevant to tumor development. It was found to manipulate oncogenes and resistant mutations of cancer cells via lipid metabolism pathways converging on phospholipid glutathione peroxidase (GPX4) that squanders lipid peroxides (L-OOH) to block the iron-mediated reactions of peroxides, thus rendering resistant cancer cells vulnerable to ferroptotic cell death. By accumulating ROS and lipid peroxidation (LPO) products to lethal levels in tumor microenvironment (TME), ferroptosis-driven nanotherapeutics show a superior ability of eradicating aggressive malignancies than traditional therapeutic modalities, especially for the drug-resistant tumors with high metastasis tendency. Moreover, Fenton reaction, inhibition of GPX-4, and exogenous regulation of LPO are three major therapeutic strategies to induce ferroptosis in cancer cells, which were generally applied in ferroptosis-driven nanotherapeutics. In this review, we elaborate current trends of ferroptosis-driven nanotherapeutics to reverse drug resistance of tumors in anticancer fields at the intersection of cancer biology, materials science, and chemistry. Finally, their challenges and perspectives toward feasible translational studies are spotlighted, which would ignite the hope of anti-resistant cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyun Zhu
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China.,Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Danni Meng
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China.,Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Hangzhou Medical College, Binjiang Higher Education Park, Binwen Road 481, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Xuerui Chen
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China.,Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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Cheng M, Wang Q, Chen L, Zhao D, Tang J, Xu J, He Z. LncRNA UCA1/miR-182-5p/MGMT axis modulates glioma cell sensitivity to TMZ through MGMT-related DNA damage pathways. Hum Pathol 2022; 123:59-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2022.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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8
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Li X, Yang C, Luo N, Yang Y, Guo Y, Chen P, Cun B. Ubiquitination and degradation of MGMT by TRIM72 increases the sensitivity of uveal melanoma cells to Dacarbazine treatment. Cancer Biomark 2021; 34:275-284. [PMID: 34958003 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-210345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults with high metastasis rates. The O6-methylguanine DNA methyl transferase (MGMT) is involved in chemoresistance of Dacarbazine (DTIC) treatment. Our previous study found that the combination of oncolytic adenovirus H101 and DTIC in the treatment of UM cells shows a synergistic antitumor effect mainly though down-regulation of MGMT. MGMT knockdown by shRNAs increases the sensitivity of uveal melanoma cells to DTIC treatment. The protein hemostasis of MGMT is important for the antitumor effect of DTIC. Tripartite motif-containing protein 72 (TRIM72) belongs to the tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins family and was identified as a novel E3 ligase for MGMT, which interacts with and mediates the ubiquitination of MGMT. TRIM72 knockdown increases the protein levels of MGMT, while reduces the ubiquitination of MGMT. Further study indicated that MGMT is highly expressed in UM cells, and the protein levels of MGMT and TRIM72 shows a negative correlation. UM cells that ectopically expressing TRIM72 shows increased sensitivity to DTIC treatment, which is consistent with the antitumor affect exhibited by H101. These results suggest that TRIM72 is a promising therapeutic target for UM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Li
- Department of Clinical Skills Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.,Department of Clinical Skills Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Cong Yang
- Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Clinical Skills Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ning Luo
- Department of Clinical Skills Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yunzhi Yang
- Department of Clinical Skills Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yan Guo
- Department of Clinical Skills Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Biyun Cun
- Department of Clinical Skills Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Bukkuri A, Adler FR. Viewing Cancer Through the Lens of Corruption: Using Behavioral Ecology to Understand Cancer. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.678533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
All biological systems depend on signals for coordination: signals which pass information among agents that run the gamut from cells to organisms. However, their very importance makes signals vulnerable to subversion. How can a receiver know whether a signal is honest or deceptive? In other words, are signals necessarily a reliable indicator of agent quality or need? By drawing parallels to ecological phenomena ranging from begging by nestlings to social insects, we investigate the role of signal degradation in cancer. We thus think of cancer as a form of corruption, in which cells command huge resource investment through relatively cheap signals, just as relatively small bribes can leverage large profits. We discuss various mechanisms which prevent deceptive signaling in the natural world and within tissues. We show how cancers evolve ways to escape these controls and relate these back to evasion mechanisms in ecology. We next introduce two related concepts, co-option and collusion, and show how they play critical roles in ecology and cancer. Drawing on public policy, we propose new approaches to view treatment based on taxation, changing the incentive structure, and the recognition of corrupted signaling networks.
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10
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Kong S, Fang Y, Wang B, Cao Y, He R, Zhao Z. miR-152-5p suppresses glioma progression and tumorigenesis and potentiates temozolomide sensitivity by targeting FBXL7. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:4569-4579. [PMID: 32150671 PMCID: PMC7176889 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A generally used chemotherapeutic drug for glioma, a frequently diagnosed brain tumour, is temozolomide (TMZ). Our study investigated the activity of FBXL7 and miR-152-5p in glioma. Levels of microRNA-152-5p (miR-152-5p) and the transcript and protein of FBXL7 were assessed by real-time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. The migratory and invasive properties of cells were measured by Transwell migration and invasion assay and their viability were examined using CCK-8 assay. Further, the putative interaction between FBXL7 and miR-152-5p were analysed bioinformatically and by luciferase assay. The activities of FBXL7, TMZ and miR-152-5p were analysed in vivo singly or in combination, on mouse xenografts, in glioma tumorigenesis. The expression of FBXL7 in glioma tissue is significantly up-regulated, which is related to the poor prognosis and the grade of glioma. TMZ-induced cytotoxicity, proliferation, migration and invasion in glioma cells were impeded by the knock-down of FBXL7 or overexpressed miR-152-5p. Furthermore, the expression of miR-152-5p reduced remarkably in glioma cells and it exerted its activity through targeted FBXL7. Overexpression of miR-152-5p and knock-down of FBXL7 in glioma xenograft models enhanced TMZ-mediated anti-tumour effect and impeded tumour growth. Thus, the miR-152-5p suppressed the progression of glioma and associated tumorigenesis, targeted FBXL7 and increased the effect of TMZ-induced cytotoxicity in glioma cells, further enhancing our knowledge of FBXL7 activity in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Kong
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Yanwei Fang
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Bingqian Wang
- Department of NeurosurgeryXingtai People's HospitalXingtaiHebeiChina
| | - Yingxiao Cao
- Department of NeurosurgeryXingtai People's HospitalXingtaiHebeiChina
| | - Runzhi He
- Department of NeurosurgeryXingtai People's HospitalXingtaiHebeiChina
| | - Zongmao Zhao
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
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Munoz JL, Walker ND, Mareedu S, Pamarthi SH, Sinha G, Greco SJ, Rameshwar P. Cycling Quiescence in Temozolomide Resistant Glioblastoma Cells Is Partly Explained by microRNA-93 and -193-Mediated Decrease of Cyclin D. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:134. [PMID: 30853911 PMCID: PMC6395452 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a fatal malignancy of the central nervous system, commonly associated with chemoresistance. The alkylating agent Temozolomide (TMZ) is the front-line chemotherapeutic agent and has undergone intense studies on resistance. These studies reported on mismatch repair gene upregulation, ABC-targeted drug efflux, and cell cycle alterations. The mechanism by which TMZ induces cell cycle arrest has not been well-established. TMZ-resistant GBM cells have been linked to microRNA (miRNA) and exosomes. A cell cycle miRNA array identified distinct miRNAs only in exosomes from TMZ-resistant GBM cell lines and primary spheres. We narrowed the miRs to miR-93 and -193 and showed in computational analyses that they could target Cyclin D1. Since Cyclin D1 is a major regulator of cell cycle progression, we performed cause-effect studies and showed a blunting effects of miR-93 and -193 in Cyclin D1 expression. These two miRs also decreased cell cycling quiescence and induced resistance to TMZ. Taken together, our data provide a mechanism by which GBM cells can exhibit TMZ-induced resistance through miRNA targeting of Cyclin D1. The data provide a number of therapeutic approaches to reverse chemoresistance at the miRNA, exosomal and cell cycle points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessian L Munoz
- Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States.,Rutgers School of Graduate Studies at New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Nykia D Walker
- Rutgers School of Graduate Studies at New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Satvik Mareedu
- Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States.,Rutgers School of Graduate Studies at New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Sri Harika Pamarthi
- Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Garima Sinha
- Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States.,Rutgers School of Graduate Studies at New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Steven J Greco
- Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Pranela Rameshwar
- Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States.,Rutgers School of Graduate Studies at New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States
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12
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Bobustuc GC, Kassam AB, Rovin RA, Jeudy S, Smith JS, Isley B, Singh M, Paranjpe A, Srivenugopal KS, Konduri SD. MGMT inhibition in ER positive breast cancer leads to CDC2, TOP2A, AURKB, CDC20, KIF20A, Cyclin A2, Cyclin B2, Cyclin D1, ERα and Survivin inhibition and enhances response to temozolomide. Oncotarget 2018; 9:29727-29742. [PMID: 30038716 PMCID: PMC6049872 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The DNA damage repair enzyme, O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) is overexpressed in breast cancer, correlating directly with estrogen receptor (ER) expression and function. In ER negative breast cancer the MGMT promoter is frequently methylated. In ER positive breast cancer MGMT is upregulated and modulates ER function. Here, we evaluate MGMT's role in control of other clinically relevant targets involved in cell cycle regulation during breast cancer oncogenesis. We show that O6-benzylguanine (BG), an MGMT inhibitor decreases CDC2, CDC20, TOP2A, AURKB, KIF20A, cyclin B2, A2, D1, ERα and survivin and induces c-PARP and p21 and sensitizes ER positive breast cancer to temozolomide (TMZ). Further, siRNA inhibition of MGMT inhibits CDC2, TOP2A, AURKB, KIF20A, Cyclin B2, A2 and survivin and induces p21. Combination of BG+TMZ decreases CDC2, CDC20, TOP2A, AURKB, KIF20A, Cyclin A2, B2, D1, ERα and survivin. Temozolomide alone inhibits MGMT expression in a dose and time dependent manner and increases p21 and cytochrome c. Temozolomide inhibits transcription of TOP2A, AURKB, KIF20A and does not have any effect on CDC2 and CDC20 and induces p21. BG+/-TMZ inhibits breast cancer growth. In our orthotopic ER positive breast cancer xenografts, BG+/-TMZ decreases ki-67, CDC2, CDC20, TOP2A, AURKB and induces p21 expression. In the same model, BG+TMZ combination inhibits breast tumor growth in vivo compared to single agent (TMZ or BG) or control. Our results show that MGMT inhibition is relevant for inhibition of multiple downstream targets involved in tumorigenesis. We also show that MGMT inhibition increases ER positive breast cancer sensitivity to alkylator based chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- George C. Bobustuc
- Aurora Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Aurora Neurosciences Innovation Institute, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Amin B. Kassam
- Aurora Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Aurora Neurosciences Innovation Institute, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Richard A. Rovin
- Aurora Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Aurora Neurosciences Innovation Institute, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | | | | | | | - Maharaj Singh
- Aurora Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Aurora Neurosciences Innovation Institute, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Ameya Paranjpe
- Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | | | - Santhi D. Konduri
- Aurora Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Aurora Neurosciences Innovation Institute, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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13
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Song X, Xie L, Chang M, Geng X, Wang X, Chen TC, Song X. Temozolomide-perillyl alcohol conjugate downregulates O 6-methylguanin DNA methltransferase via inducing ubiquitination-dependent proteolysis in non-small cell lung cancer. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:202. [PMID: 29426908 PMCID: PMC5833843 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-017-0193-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The DNA repair enzyme O6-methylguanin-DNA-methltransferase (MGMT) is able to remove products of alkylating agent such as O6-meG and emerges as a central determinant of cancer resistance to temozolomide (TMZ). Temozolomide–perillyl alcohol conjugate (TMZ–POH), a novel TMZ analog developed based on the conjugation of TMZ and POH, displayed strong anticancer potency in multiple cancer types, but seemed not to experience the chemoresistance even in cells with high MGMT expression unlike TMZ and other alkylating agents. In this study, we demonstrated TMZ–POH inhibited MGMT dependent on proteasomal pathway and this inhibition is a significant factor in its toxic effect in the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingguo Song
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Li Xie
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Minghui Chang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.,School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan, Shandong Academy of Medicine Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xinran Geng
- Maternity & Child Care Center of Dezhou, Dongdizhong Street 835#, Decheng District, Dezhou, Shandong, China
| | - Xingwu Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Thomas C Chen
- Departments of Neurological Surgery and Pathology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xianrang Song
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China. .,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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14
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Li X, Yuan L, Zhao J, Yang H, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Cun B. Adenovirus-based strategies enhance antitumor capability through p53-mediated downregulation of MGMT in uveal melanoma. Cancer Biol Ther 2017; 18:194-199. [PMID: 28278076 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2017.1294287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Uveal melanoma (UM) is an intractable disease with a low survival rates, despite adequate local treatment, as a result of its metastatic characteristics. Thus, new therapeutic strategies, including combinations of novel gene therapy and traditional chemotherapy, are under investigation to improve long-term prognosis. Dacarbazine or DTIC, an alkylating agent which results in DNA methylation, is most commonly used to treat melanoma but the response is very limited. The O6-methylguanine DNA methyl transferase (MGMT), a DNA repair protein, is involved in chemoresistance in DTIC treatment. We previously investigated a combination of oncolytic adenovirus H101 and the alkylating agent DTIC in the treatment of UM cells in vitro and observed a synergistic antitumor effect. In this study, we validated this result and report an enhanced therapeutic effect in vivo. Our findings also demonstrated that the oncolytic adenovirus H101 decreased MGMT levels via accumulation of p53 overcoming DTIC chemoresistance. Therefore, the clinical therapeutic efficacy of DTIC in the treatment of UM might be improved using this adenovirus-based combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Li
- a Department of Clinical Skills Center , Kunming Medical University , Kunming , Yunnan , China
| | - Ling Yuan
- b Department of Ophthalmology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming , Yunnan , China
| | - Jianfeng Zhao
- b Department of Ophthalmology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming , Yunnan , China
| | - Hui Yang
- a Department of Clinical Skills Center , Kunming Medical University , Kunming , Yunnan , China
| | - Yunzhi Yang
- a Department of Clinical Skills Center , Kunming Medical University , Kunming , Yunnan , China
| | - Yanfei Zhang
- b Department of Ophthalmology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming , Yunnan , China
| | - Biyun Cun
- a Department of Clinical Skills Center , Kunming Medical University , Kunming , Yunnan , China
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15
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Jiang H, Liu W, Zhan SK, Pan YX, Bian LG, Sun B, Sun QF, Pan SJ. GSK621 Targets Glioma Cells via Activating AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Signalings. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161017. [PMID: 27532105 PMCID: PMC4988667 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we studied the anti-glioma cell activity by a novel AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator GSK621. We showed that GSK621 was cytotoxic to human glioma cells (U87MG and U251MG lines), possibly via provoking caspase-dependent apoptotic cell death. Its cytotoxicity was alleviated by caspase inhibitors. GSK621 activated AMPK to inhibit mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and downregulate Tetraspanin 8 (Tspan8) in glioma cells. AMPK inhibition, through shRNA knockdown of AMPKα or introduction of a dominant negative (T172A) AMPKα, almost reversed GSK621-induced AMPK activation, mTOR inhibition and Tspan8 degradation. Consequently, GSK621’s cytotoxicity in glioma cells was also significantly attenuated by AMPKα knockdown or mutation. Further studies showed that GSK621, at a relatively low concentration, significantly potentiated temozolomide (TMZ)’s sensitivity and lethality against glioma cells. We summarized that GSK621 inhibits human glioma cells possibly via activating AMPK signaling. This novel AMPK activator could be a novel and promising anti-glioma cell agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Kun Zhan
- Department of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Xin Pan
- Department of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China
| | - Liu-Guan Bian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China
| | - Bomin Sun
- Department of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Fang Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (Q-FS); (S-JP)
| | - Si-Jian Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (Q-FS); (S-JP)
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16
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Zhu J, Cai Y, Liu P, Zhao W. Frequent Nek1 overexpression in human gliomas. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 476:522-527. [PMID: 27251576 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.05.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Never in mitosis A (NIMA)-related kinase 1 (Nek1) regulates cell cycle progression to mitosis. Its expression and potential functions in human gliomas have not been studied. Here, our immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay and Western blot assay results showed that Nek1 expression was significantly upregulated in fresh and paraffin-embedded human glioma tissues. Its level in normal brain tissues was low. Nek1 overexpression in human gliomas was correlated with the proliferation marker (Ki-67), tumor grade, Karnofsky performance scale (KPS) and more importantly, patients' poor survival. Further studies showed that Nek1 expression level was also increased in multiple human glioma cell lines (U251-MG, U87-MG, U118, H4 and U373). Significantly, siRNA-mediated knockdown of Nek1 inhibited glioma cell (U87-MG/U251-MG) growth. Nek1 siRNA also sensitized U87-MG/U251-MG cells to temozolomide (TMZ), causing a profound apoptosis induction and growth inhibition. The current study indicates Nek1 might be a novel and valuable oncotarget of glioma, it is important for glioma cell growth and TMZ-resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Neurosurgery Department, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Cai
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Neurosurgery Department, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Pin Liu
- Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiguo Zhao
- Neurosurgery Department, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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17
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Kabilova TO, Sen’kova AV, Nikolin VP, Popova NA, Zenkova MA, Vlassov VV, Chernolovskaya EL. Antitumor and Antimetastatic Effect of Small Immunostimulatory RNA against B16 Melanoma in Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150751. [PMID: 26981617 PMCID: PMC4794162 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Small interfering RNAs, depending on their structure, delivery system and sequence, can stimulate innate and adaptive immunity. The aim of this study was to investigate the antitumor and antimetastatic effects of immunostimulatory 19-bp dsRNA with 3'- trinucleotide overhangs (isRNA) on melanoma B16 in C57Bl/6 mice. Recently developed novel cationic liposomes 2X3-DOPE were used for the in vivo delivery of isRNA. Administration of isRNA/2X3-DOPE complexes significantly inhibits melanoma tumor growth and metastasis. Histopathological analysis of spleen cross sections showed hyperplasia of the lymphoid white pulp and formation of large germinal centers after isRNA/2X3-DOPE administration, indicating activation of the immune system. The treatment of melanoma-bearing mice with isRNA/2X3-DOPE decreases the destructive changes in the liver parenchyma. Thus, the developed isRNA displays pronounced immunostimulatory, antitumor and antimetastatic properties against melanoma B16 and may be considered a potential agent in the immunotherapy of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana O. Kabilova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, 8, Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
| | - Aleksandra V. Sen’kova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, 8, Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
| | - Valeriy P. Nikolin
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, 10, Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
| | - Nelly A. Popova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, 10, Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
| | - Marina A. Zenkova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, 8, Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
| | - Valentin V. Vlassov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, 8, Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
| | - Elena L. Chernolovskaya
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, 8, Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
- * E-mail:
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18
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Chen YP, Hou XY, Yang CS, Jiang XX, Yang M, Xu XF, Feng SX, Liu YQ, Jiang G. DNA methylation and histone acetylation regulate the expression of MGMT and chemosensitivity to temozolomide in malignant melanoma cell lines. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:11209-18. [PMID: 26943799 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-4994-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is an aggressive, highly lethal dermatological malignancy. Chemoresistance and rapid metastasis limit the curative effect of multimodal therapies like surgery or chemotherapy. The suicide enzyme O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) removes adducts from the O6-position of guanine to repair DNA damage. High MGMT expression is associated with resistance to therapy in melanoma. However, it is unknown if MGMT is regulated by DNA methylation or histone acetylation in melanoma. We examined the effects of the DNA methylation inhibitor 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine and histone deacetylase inhibitor Trichostatin A alone or in combination on MGMT expression and promoter methylation and histone acetylation in A375, MV3, and M14 melanoma cells. This study demonstrates that MGMT expression, CpG island methylation, and histone acetylation vary between melanoma cell lines. Combined treatment with 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine and Trichostatin A led to reexpression of MGMT, indicating that DNA methylation and histone deacetylation are associated with silencing of MGMT in melanoma. This study provides information on the role of epigenetic modifications in malignant melanoma that may enable the development of new strategies for treating malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ping Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, 221002, China
- Department of Stereotactic Radiosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Xiao-Yang Hou
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Chun-Sheng Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Huai'an, 223002, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Jiang
- Department of Stereotactic Radiosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Stereotactic Radiosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Xi-Feng Xu
- Department of Stereotactic Radiosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Shou-Xin Feng
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Yan-Qun Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Guan Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, 221002, China.
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19
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Guan DG, Chen HM, Liao SF, Zhao TZ. Combination of temozolomide and Taxol exerts a synergistic inhibitory effect on Taxol‑resistant glioma cells via inhibition of glucose metabolism. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:7705-11. [PMID: 26459853 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant gliomas, which comprise the most common type of primary malignant brain tumor, are associated with a poor prognosis and quality of life. Paclitaxel (Taxol) and temozolomide (TMZ) are Food and Drug Administration‑approved anticancer agents, which are known to have therapeutic applications in various malignancies. However, similar to other chemotherapeutic agents, the development of resistance to TMZ and Taxol is common. The aim of the present study was to investigate the regulation of glucose metabolism by TMZ and Taxol in glioma cells. The results demonstrated that glioma cells exhibit decreased glucose uptake and lactate production in response to treatment with TMZ; however, glucose metabolism was increased in response to Taxol treatment. Following analysis of TMZ‑ and Taxol‑resistant cell lines, it was reported that glucose metabolism was decreased in the TMZ‑resistant cells, but was increased in the Taxol‑resistant cells. Notably, a combination of TMZ and Taxol exerted synergistic inhibitory effects on Taxol‑resistant glioma cells. However, the synergistic phenotype was not observed following treatment with a combination of 5‑fluorouracil and Taxol. Furthermore, restoration of glucose metabolism by overexpression of glucose transporter 1 in Taxol‑resistant cells resulted in regained resistance to Taxol. Therefore, the present study proposes a novel mechanism accounting for the synergistic effects of Taxol and TMZ co‑treatment, which may contribute to the development of therapeutic strategies for overcoming chemoresistance in patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding-Guo Guan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 180th Hospital of PLA, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Han-Min Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 180th Hospital of PLA, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Fang Liao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 180th Hospital of PLA, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Tian-Zhi Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710038, P.R. China
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20
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Chen X, Tai L, Gao J, Qian J, Zhang M, Li B, Xie C, Lu L, Lu W, Lu W. A stapled peptide antagonist of MDM2 carried by polymeric micelles sensitizes glioblastoma to temozolomide treatment through p53 activation. J Control Release 2015; 218:29-35. [PMID: 26428461 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.09.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Antagonizing MDM2 and MDMX to activate the tumor suppressor protein p53 is an attractive therapeutic paradigm for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). However, challenges remain with respect to the poor ability of p53 activators to efficiently cross the blood-brain barrier and/or blood-brain tumor barrier and to specifically target tumor cells. To circumvent these problems, we developed a cyclic RGD peptide-conjugated poly(ethylene glycol)-co-poly(lactic acid) polymeric micelle (RGD-M) that carried a stapled peptide antagonist of both MDM2 and MDMX (sPMI). The peptide-carrying micelle RGD-M/sPMI was prepared via film-hydration method with high encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity as well as ideal size distribution. Micelle encapsulation dramatically increased the solubility of sPMI, thus alleviating its serum sequestration. In vitro studies showed that RGD-M/sPMI efficiently inhibited the proliferation of glioma cells in the presence of serum by activating the p53 signaling pathway. Further, RGD-M/sPMI exerted potent tumor growth inhibitory activity against human glioblastoma in nude mouse xenograft models. Importantly, the combination of RGD-M/sPMI and temozolomide--a standard chemotherapy drug for GBM increased antitumor efficacy against glioblastoma in experimental animals. Our results validate a combination therapy using p53 activators with temozolomide as a more effective treatment for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xishan Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China; Institute of Human Virology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Lingyu Tai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China; Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China; Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Jianchang Qian
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China; Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Mingfei Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China; Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Beibei Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China; Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Cao Xie
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China; Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Linwei Lu
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200041, PR China
| | - Wuyuan Lu
- Institute of Human Virology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States.
| | - Weiyue Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, PR China; Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China.
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21
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EphB4 inhibitor overcome the acquired resistance to cisplatin in melanomas xenograft model. J Pharmacol Sci 2015; 129:65-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2015.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2015] [Revised: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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22
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Li Y, Maciel D, Rodrigues J, Shi X, Tomás H. Biodegradable Polymer Nanogels for Drug/Nucleic Acid Delivery. Chem Rev 2015; 115:8564-608. [PMID: 26259712 DOI: 10.1021/cr500131f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 324] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Li
- CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira, MMRG, Universidade da Madeira , Campus da Penteada 9000-390, Funchal, Portugal
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Centre for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Dina Maciel
- CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira, MMRG, Universidade da Madeira , Campus da Penteada 9000-390, Funchal, Portugal
| | - João Rodrigues
- CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira, MMRG, Universidade da Madeira , Campus da Penteada 9000-390, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Xiangyang Shi
- CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira, MMRG, Universidade da Madeira , Campus da Penteada 9000-390, Funchal, Portugal
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University , Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Helena Tomás
- CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira, MMRG, Universidade da Madeira , Campus da Penteada 9000-390, Funchal, Portugal
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A radioisotope-nondependent high-sensitivity method for measuring the activity of glioblastoma-related O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase. Anal Biochem 2015; 480:82-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2014.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Muñoz-Gámez JA, López Viota J, Barrientos A, Carazo Á, Sanjuán-Nuñez L, Quiles-Perez R, Muñoz-de-Rueda P, Delgado Á, Ruiz-Extremera Á, Salmerón J. Synergistic cytotoxicity of the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor ABT-888 and temozolomide in dual-drug targeted magnetic nanoparticles. Liver Int 2015; 35:1430-41. [PMID: 24821649 DOI: 10.1111/liv.12586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with a poor prognosis because of a lack of effective treatment options. The objective of this study was to examine a new strategy for HCC treatment, namely the use of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1) inhibitor (ABT-888) together with Temozolomide (TMZ) incorporated onto magnetic nanoparticles. METHODS Magnetic Fe3 O4 /Fe cores were encapsulated within a silica shell to facilitate the simultaneous incorporation of ABT-888 and TMZ. In vitro tests were performed with HepG2, Hep3B and PLC-PRF-5 liver tumoural cell lines and with WRL-68 liver non-tumoural cells. RESULTS The magnetic nanocarriers were loaded simultaneously with ABT-888 and TMZ. High stability and extended release were achieved in culture medium. Confocal microscopy images showed that drug-loaded particles were uptaken and accumulated into the cytoplasm of liver tumoural cells, inducing the following effects: G2/M cell cycle arrest (P < 0.05), accumulation of DNA damage (P < 0.05), mitochondrial depolarization (P < 0.01), reduction in BCL-xL, FOS, JUND gene expression (P < 0.05), PARP-1 fragmentation, Caspase-3 activation and apoptotic cell death (P < 0.05). Interestingly, drugs loaded onto nanoparticles exhibited better efficiency than free drugs (cell death triggered by drug delivery nanosystem: 53.5% vs. 34.5% by free drugs, P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS These magnetic nanocompounds are able to incorporate both drugs simultaneously, enter the tumour cells and release them. ABT-888/TMZ/NPs decrease the transcription of key genes involved in tumour survival and induce apoptotic cell death in a more effective manner than is achieved by free drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A Muñoz-Gámez
- Clinical Management Unit of Digestive Disease and UNAI, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain
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25
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Jiang G, Li RH, Sun C, Liu YQ, Zheng JN. Dacarbazine combined targeted therapy versus dacarbazine alone in patients with malignant melanoma: a meta-analysis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111920. [PMID: 25502446 PMCID: PMC4263472 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant melanoma is the most aggressive and deadly form of skin cancer. Dacarbazine (DTIC) has been the approved first-line treatment for metastatic melanoma in routine clinical practice. However, response rates with single-agent DTIC are low. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of DTIC with or without placebo and DTIC-based combination therapies in patients with advanced metastatic melanoma. METHODS We searched from electronic databases such as The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EBSCO, EMBASE, Ovid, CNKI, and CBMDisc from 2003 to 2013. The primary outcome measures were overall response and 1-year survival, and the secondary outcome measurements were adverse events. RESULTS Nine randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 2,481 patients were included in the meta-analysis. DTIC-based combination therapies was superior to DTIC alone in overall response (combined risk ratio [RR] = 1.60, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.27-2.01) and 1-year survival (combined RR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.14-1.39). Patients with DTIC-based combination therapies had higher incidence of adverse events including nausea (combined RR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.10-1.36), vomiting (combined RR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.41-2.12) and neutropenia (combined RR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.42-2.16) compared to the group for DTIC alone. CONCLUSION These data suggested that DTIC-based combination therapies could moderately improve the overall response and the 1-year survival but increased the incidence of adverse events. Further large-scale, high-quality, placebo-controlled, double-blind trials are needed to confirm this conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, 221002, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, 221002, China
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xuzhou City, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Rong-Hua Li
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Chao Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Yan-Qun Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Jun-Nian Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, 221002, China
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26
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Progression of O⁶-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase and temozolomide resistance in cancer research. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:6659-65. [PMID: 24990698 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-014-3549-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Temozolomide (TMZ) is an alkylating agent that is widely used in chemotherapy for cancer. A key mechanism of resistance to TMZ is the overexpression of O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT). MGMT specifically repairs the DNA O(6)-methylation damage induced by TMZ and irreversibly inactivates TMZ. Regulation of MGMT expression and research regarding the mechanism of TMZ resistance will help rationalize the clinical use of TMZ. In this review, we provide an overview of recent advances in the field, with particular emphasis on MGMT structure, function, expression regulation, and the association between MGMT and resistance to TMZ.
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27
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Kim SS, Rait A, Kim E, Pirollo KF, Nishida M, Farkas N, Dagata JA, Chang EH. A nanoparticle carrying the p53 gene targets tumors including cancer stem cells, sensitizes glioblastoma to chemotherapy and improves survival. ACS NANO 2014; 8:5494-5514. [PMID: 24811110 PMCID: PMC4076028 DOI: 10.1021/nn5014484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Temozolomide (TMZ)-resistance in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) has been linked to upregulation of O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT). Wild-type (wt) p53 was previously shown to down-modulate MGMT. However, p53 therapy for GBM is limited by lack of efficient delivery across the blood brain barrier (BBB). We have developed a systemic nanodelivery platform (scL) for tumor-specific targeting (primary and metastatic), which is currently in multiple clinical trials. This self-assembling nanocomplex is formed by simple mixing of the components in a defined order and a specific ratio. Here, we demonstrate that scL crosses the BBB and efficiently targets GBM, as well as cancer stem cells (CSCs), which have been implicated in recurrence and treatment resistance in many human cancers. Moreover, systemic delivery of scL-p53 down-modulates MGMT and induces apoptosis in intracranial GBM xenografts. The combination of scL-p53 and TMZ increased the antitumor efficacy of TMZ with enhanced survival benefit in a mouse model of highly TMZ-resistant GBM. scL-p53 also sensitized both CSCs and bulk tumor cells to TMZ, increasing apoptosis. These results suggest that combining scL-p53 with standard TMZ treatment could be a more effective therapy for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Soo Kim
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, D. C. 20057, United States
| | - Antonina Rait
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, D. C. 20057, United States
| | - Eric Kim
- SynerGene Therapeutics, Inc., Potomac, Maryland 20854, United States
| | - Kathleen F. Pirollo
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, D. C. 20057, United States
| | - Maki Nishida
- SynerGene Therapeutics, Inc., Potomac, Maryland 20854, United States
| | - Natalia Farkas
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - John A. Dagata
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Esther H. Chang
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, D. C. 20057, United States
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Akiyama Y, Ashizawa T, Komiyama M, Miyata H, Oshita C, Omiya M, Iizuka A, Kume A, Sugino T, Hayashi N, Mitsuya K, Nakasu Y, Yamaguchi K. YKL-40 downregulation is a key factor to overcome temozolomide resistance in a glioblastoma cell line. Oncol Rep 2014; 32:159-66. [PMID: 24842123 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The frequent recurrence of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) after standard treatment with temozolomide (TMZ) is a crucial issue to be solved in the clinical field. O6‑methylguanine‑DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) is considered one of the major mechanisms involved in TMZ resistance. However, some important mechanisms for TMZ resistance other than MGMT have recently been identified. In the present study, we established a TMZ-resistant (TMZ-R) U87 glioblastoma cell line in vitro and in vivo and investigated novel targeting molecules other than MGMT in those cells. The TMZ-R U87 glioblastoma cell line was established in vitro and in vivo. TMZ-R U87 cells showed a more invasive activity and a shorter survival time in vivo. Gene expression analysis using DNA microarray and quantitative PCR (qPCR) demonstrated that YKL‑40, MAGEC1 and MGMT mRNA expression was upregulated 100-, 83- and 6-fold, respectively in the TMZ-R U87 cell line. Western blot analysis and qPCR demonstrated that STAT3 phosphorylation, STAT3 target genes and stem cell and mesenchymal marker genes were upregulated to a greater extent in the TMZ‑resistant cell line. Notably, short hairpin (sh)RNA‑based inhibition against the YKL‑40 gene resulted in moderate growth inhibition in the resistant cells in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, YKL‑40 gene inhibition exhibited significant suppression of the invasive activity and particularly partially restored the sensitivity to TMZ. Therefore, YKL‑40 may be a novel key molecule in addition to MGMT, that is responsible for TMZ resistance in glioblastoma cell lines and could be a new target to overcome TMZ resistance in recurrent glioblastomas in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuto Akiyama
- Immunotherapy Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Tadashi Ashizawa
- Immunotherapy Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Masaru Komiyama
- Immunotherapy Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Haruo Miyata
- Immunotherapy Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Chie Oshita
- Immunotherapy Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Maho Omiya
- Immunotherapy Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Akira Iizuka
- Immunotherapy Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Akiko Kume
- Immunotherapy Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Takashi Sugino
- Division of Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Nakamasa Hayashi
- Division of Neurosurgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Koichi Mitsuya
- Division of Neurosurgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Yoko Nakasu
- Division of Neurosurgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Ken Yamaguchi
- Immunotherapy Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
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Ashizawa T, Akiyama Y, Miyata H, Iizuka A, Komiyama M, Kume A, Omiya M, Sugino T, Asai A, Hayashi N, Mitsuya K, Nakasu Y, Yamaguchi K. Effect of the STAT3 inhibitor STX-0119 on the proliferation of a temozolomide-resistant glioblastoma cell line. Int J Oncol 2014; 45:411-8. [PMID: 24820265 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most malignant and aggressive tumors and has a very poor prognosis, with a median survival time of less than 2 years. Once recurrence develops, there are few therapeutic approaches to control the growth of glioblastoma. In particular, temozolomide (TMZ)-resistant (TMZ-R) GBM is very difficult to treat, and a novel approach to overcome resistance is eagerly awaited. Previously, we reported a novel small molecule inhibitor of STAT3 dimerization, STX-0119, as a cancer therapeutic. In the current study, the efficacy of STX-0119 was evaluated against our established TMZ-resistant U87 cell line using quantitative PCR-based gene expression analysis, in vitro assay and animal experiments. The growth inhibitory effect of STX-0119 on U87 and TMZ-R U87 cells was moderate (IC₅₀, 34 and 45 µM, respectively). In particular, STX-0119 did not show significant inhibition of U87 tumor growth; however, it suppressed the growth of the TMZ-R U87 tumor in nude mice by more than 50%, and prolonged the median survival time compared to the control group. Quantitative PCR revealed that YKL-40, MAGEC1, MGMT, several EMT genes, mesenchymal genes and STAT3 target genes were upregulated, but most of those genes were downregulated by STX-0119 treatment. Furthermore, the invasive activity of TMZ-R U87 cells was significantly inhibited by STX-0119. YKL-40 levels in TMZ-R U87 cells and their supernatants were significantly decreased by STX-0119 administration. These results suggest that STX-0119 is an efficient therapeutic to overcome TMZ resistance in recurrent GBM tumors, and could be the next promising compound leading to survival prolongation, and YKL-40 may be a possible surrogate marker for STAT3 targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Ashizawa
- Immunotherapy Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Yasuto Akiyama
- Immunotherapy Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Haruo Miyata
- Immunotherapy Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Akira Iizuka
- Immunotherapy Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Masaru Komiyama
- Immunotherapy Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Akiko Kume
- Immunotherapy Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Maho Omiya
- Immunotherapy Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Takashi Sugino
- Division of Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Akira Asai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Nakamasa Hayashi
- Division of Neurosurgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Koichi Mitsuya
- Division of Neurosurgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Yoko Nakasu
- Division of Neurosurgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Ken Yamaguchi
- Immunotherapy Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
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Wang BQ, Sun GB, Lou WH, Nan SS, Zhang BQ. Role of O 6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase in pathogenesis of colorectal cancer. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2014; 22:1081-1086. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v22.i8.1081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As the fourth most common malignancy, colorectal cancer poses a serious threat to human health. With the changes in lifestyle and diet, the incidence of colorectal cancer is increasing year by year. Inactivation of tumor suppressor genes, activation of oncogenes and abnormal overexpression of DNA repair genes have been known to be responsible for the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer. O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) is a DNA repair enzyme that can remove the adducts on DNA and repair the DNA damage. Studies have found that methylation of the MGMT gene is closely related to the occurrence of colorectal cancer.
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31
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Jiang G, Li RH, Sun C, Jia HY, Lei TC, Liu YQ. Efficacy and safety between temozolomide alone and temozolomide-based double therapy for malignant melanoma: a meta-analysis. Tumour Biol 2013; 35:315-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1042-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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32
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Koshkin PA, Chistiakov DA, Chekhonin VP. Role of microRNAs in mechanisms of glioblastoma resistance to radio- and chemotherapy. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2013; 78:325-34. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297913040019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Impact of temozolomide on immune response during malignant glioma chemotherapy. Clin Dev Immunol 2012; 2012:831090. [PMID: 23133490 PMCID: PMC3486128 DOI: 10.1155/2012/831090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Revised: 09/10/2012] [Accepted: 09/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Malignant glioma, or glioblastoma, is the most common and lethal form of brain tumor with a median survival time of 15 months. The established therapeutic regimen includes a tripartite therapy of surgical resection followed by radiation and temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy, concurrently with radiation and then as an adjuvant. TMZ, a DNA alkylating agent, is the most successful antiglioma drug and has added several months to the life expectancy of malignant glioma patients. However, TMZ is also responsible for inducing lymphopenia and myelosuppression in malignant glioma patients undergoing chemotherapy. Although TMZ-induced lymphopenia has been attributed to facilitate antitumor vaccination studies by inducing passive immune response, in general lymphopenic conditions have been associated with poor immune surveillance leading to opportunistic infections in glioma patients, as well as disrupting active antiglioma immune response by depleting both T and NK cells. Deletion of O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) activity, a DNA repair enzyme, by temozolomide has been determined to be the cause of lymphopenia. Drug-resistant mutation of the MGMT protein has been shown to render chemoprotection against TMZ. The immune modulating role of TMZ during glioma chemotherapy and possible mechanisms to establish a strong TMZ-resistant immune response have been discussed.
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Towle R, Garnis C. Methylation-mediated molecular dysregulation in clinical oral malignancy. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2012; 2012:170172. [PMID: 22645611 PMCID: PMC3356707 DOI: 10.1155/2012/170172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2011] [Revised: 02/18/2012] [Accepted: 02/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Herein we provide a concise review of the state of methylation research as it pertains to clinical oral cancerous and precancerous tissues. We provide context for ongoing research efforts in this field and describe technologies that are presently being applied to analyze clinical specimens. We also discuss the various recurrent methylation changes that have been reported for oral malignancy (including those genes frequently silenced by promoter methylation and the small RNAs with activity modulated by methylation changes) and describe surrogate disease markers identified via epigenetic analysis of saliva and blood specimens from patients with oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Towle
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 1L3
| | - Cathie Garnis
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 1L3
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 910 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 4E3
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Chistiakov DA, Chekhonin VP. Contribution of microRNAs to radio- and chemoresistance of brain tumors and their therapeutic potential. Eur J Pharmacol 2012; 684:8-18. [PMID: 22484336 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2012.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2011] [Revised: 03/09/2012] [Accepted: 03/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastomas, particularly high grade brain tumors such as glioblastoma multiforme, are characterized by increased anaplasy, malignancy, proliferation, and invasion. These tumors exhibit high resistance to radiation therapy and treatment with anti-cancer drugs. The radio- and chemoresistance of gliomas is attributed to cancer stem cells (CSCs) that are considered as major contributors for maintenance and propagation of tumor cell mass, cancer malignancy and invasiveness, and tumor cell survival after courses of radiotherapy and medical interventions. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), key post-transcriptional gene regulators, have altered expression profiles in gliomas. Some of miRNAs whose expression is markedly up-regulated in brain tumors are likely to have a pro-oncogenic role through supporting growth, proliferation, migration, and survival of cancer stem and non-stem cells. In contrast, a population of miRNA possessing anti-tumor effects is suppressed in gliomas. In this review, we will consider miRNAs and their influence on radio- and chemoresistance of gliomas. These miRNAs harbor a great therapeutic significance as potent agents in future targeted anti-cancer therapy to sensitize glioma tumor cells and CSCs to cytotoxic effects of radiation exposure and treatment with anti-cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitry A Chistiakov
- Department of Medical Nanobiotechnology, Pirogov Russian State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
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Jiang G, Zhang L, Xin Y, Pei DS, Wei ZP, Liu YQ, Zheng JN. Conditionally replicating adenoviruses carrying mda-7/IL-24 for cancer therapy. Acta Oncol 2012; 51:285-92. [PMID: 21995527 DOI: 10.3109/0284186x.2011.621447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melanoma differentiation associated gene-7/interleukin-24 (mda-7/IL-24) suppresses growth and induces apoptosis in a broad range of human cancers without significant cytotoxicity to normal cells. Conditionally replicating adenoviruses (CRAds) not only have the ability to destroy cancer cells but may also be potential vectors for the expression of therapeutic genes. METHODS This review provides an overview of specifications for a novel anti-tumor approach CRAds carrying IL-24, and discusses recent progress in this field. RESULTS Studies in multiple laboratories report that CRAds carrying IL-24 selectively induced apoptosis in some cancer cells, and enhanced selective toxicity to cancer cells when combined with chemotherapeutic agents. CONCLUSION CRAds carrying IL-24 may prove a novel and effective approach for the treatment of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan Jiang
- Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, China
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