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Hosoo H, Marushima A, Nagasaki Y, Hirayama A, Ito H, Puentes S, Mujagic A, Tsurushima H, Tsuruta W, Suzuki K, Matsui H, Matsumaru Y, Yamamoto T, Matsumura A. Neurovascular Unit Protection From Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Radical-Containing Nanoparticles in Mice. Stroke 2017; 48:2238-2247. [PMID: 28655813 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.116.016356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Reperfusion therapy by mechanical thrombectomy is used to treat acute ischemic stroke. However, reactive oxygen species generation after reperfusion therapy causes cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, which aggravates cerebral infarction. There is limited evidence for clinical efficacy in stroke for antioxidants. Here, we developed a novel core-shell type nanoparticle containing 4-amino-4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (nitroxide radical-containing nanoparticles [RNPs]) and investigated its ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species and confer neuroprotection. METHODS C57BL/6J mice underwent transient middle cerebral artery occlusion and then received RNPs (9 mg/kg) through the common carotid artery. Infarction size, neurological scale, and blood-brain barrier damage were visualized by Evans blue extravasation 24 hours after reperfusion. RNP distribution was detected by rhodamine labeling. Blood-brain barrier damage, neuronal apoptosis, and oxidative neuronal cell damage were evaluated in ischemic brains. Multiple free radical-scavenging capacities were analyzed by an electron paramagnetic resonance-based method. RESULTS RNPs were detected in endothelial cells and around neuronal cells in the ischemic lesion. Infarction size, neurological scale, and Evans blue extravasation were significantly lower after RNP treatment. RNP treatment preserved the endothelium and endothelial tight junctions in the ischemic brain; neuronal apoptosis, O2- production, and gene oxidation were significantly suppressed. Reactive oxygen species scavenging capacities against OH, ROO, and O2- improved by RNP treatment. CONCLUSIONS An intra-arterial RNP injection after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury reduced blood-brain barrier damage and infarction volume by improving multiple reactive oxygen species scavenging capacities. Therefore, RNPs can provide neurovascular unit protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisayuki Hosoo
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine (H.H., A.M., H.T., W.T., Y.M., T.Y., A.M.), Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (H.H., A. Marushima, A. Mujagic, H.T., W.T., Y.M., T.Y., A.M.), Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences (Y.N.), Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (H.I., H.M.), and Graduate School of Systems and Information Engineering (S.P.), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Center for Integrative Medicine, Tsukuba University of Technology, Ibaraki, Japan (A.H.); and Department of Neurosurgery, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan (K.S.)
| | - Aiki Marushima
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine (H.H., A.M., H.T., W.T., Y.M., T.Y., A.M.), Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (H.H., A. Marushima, A. Mujagic, H.T., W.T., Y.M., T.Y., A.M.), Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences (Y.N.), Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (H.I., H.M.), and Graduate School of Systems and Information Engineering (S.P.), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Center for Integrative Medicine, Tsukuba University of Technology, Ibaraki, Japan (A.H.); and Department of Neurosurgery, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan (K.S.).
| | - Yukio Nagasaki
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine (H.H., A.M., H.T., W.T., Y.M., T.Y., A.M.), Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (H.H., A. Marushima, A. Mujagic, H.T., W.T., Y.M., T.Y., A.M.), Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences (Y.N.), Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (H.I., H.M.), and Graduate School of Systems and Information Engineering (S.P.), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Center for Integrative Medicine, Tsukuba University of Technology, Ibaraki, Japan (A.H.); and Department of Neurosurgery, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan (K.S.)
| | - Aki Hirayama
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine (H.H., A.M., H.T., W.T., Y.M., T.Y., A.M.), Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (H.H., A. Marushima, A. Mujagic, H.T., W.T., Y.M., T.Y., A.M.), Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences (Y.N.), Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (H.I., H.M.), and Graduate School of Systems and Information Engineering (S.P.), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Center for Integrative Medicine, Tsukuba University of Technology, Ibaraki, Japan (A.H.); and Department of Neurosurgery, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan (K.S.)
| | - Hiromu Ito
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine (H.H., A.M., H.T., W.T., Y.M., T.Y., A.M.), Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (H.H., A. Marushima, A. Mujagic, H.T., W.T., Y.M., T.Y., A.M.), Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences (Y.N.), Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (H.I., H.M.), and Graduate School of Systems and Information Engineering (S.P.), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Center for Integrative Medicine, Tsukuba University of Technology, Ibaraki, Japan (A.H.); and Department of Neurosurgery, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan (K.S.)
| | - Sandra Puentes
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine (H.H., A.M., H.T., W.T., Y.M., T.Y., A.M.), Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (H.H., A. Marushima, A. Mujagic, H.T., W.T., Y.M., T.Y., A.M.), Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences (Y.N.), Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (H.I., H.M.), and Graduate School of Systems and Information Engineering (S.P.), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Center for Integrative Medicine, Tsukuba University of Technology, Ibaraki, Japan (A.H.); and Department of Neurosurgery, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan (K.S.)
| | - Arnela Mujagic
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine (H.H., A.M., H.T., W.T., Y.M., T.Y., A.M.), Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (H.H., A. Marushima, A. Mujagic, H.T., W.T., Y.M., T.Y., A.M.), Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences (Y.N.), Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (H.I., H.M.), and Graduate School of Systems and Information Engineering (S.P.), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Center for Integrative Medicine, Tsukuba University of Technology, Ibaraki, Japan (A.H.); and Department of Neurosurgery, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan (K.S.)
| | - Hideo Tsurushima
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine (H.H., A.M., H.T., W.T., Y.M., T.Y., A.M.), Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (H.H., A. Marushima, A. Mujagic, H.T., W.T., Y.M., T.Y., A.M.), Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences (Y.N.), Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (H.I., H.M.), and Graduate School of Systems and Information Engineering (S.P.), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Center for Integrative Medicine, Tsukuba University of Technology, Ibaraki, Japan (A.H.); and Department of Neurosurgery, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan (K.S.)
| | - Wataro Tsuruta
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine (H.H., A.M., H.T., W.T., Y.M., T.Y., A.M.), Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (H.H., A. Marushima, A. Mujagic, H.T., W.T., Y.M., T.Y., A.M.), Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences (Y.N.), Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (H.I., H.M.), and Graduate School of Systems and Information Engineering (S.P.), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Center for Integrative Medicine, Tsukuba University of Technology, Ibaraki, Japan (A.H.); and Department of Neurosurgery, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan (K.S.)
| | - Kensuke Suzuki
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine (H.H., A.M., H.T., W.T., Y.M., T.Y., A.M.), Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (H.H., A. Marushima, A. Mujagic, H.T., W.T., Y.M., T.Y., A.M.), Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences (Y.N.), Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (H.I., H.M.), and Graduate School of Systems and Information Engineering (S.P.), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Center for Integrative Medicine, Tsukuba University of Technology, Ibaraki, Japan (A.H.); and Department of Neurosurgery, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan (K.S.)
| | - Hirofumi Matsui
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine (H.H., A.M., H.T., W.T., Y.M., T.Y., A.M.), Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (H.H., A. Marushima, A. Mujagic, H.T., W.T., Y.M., T.Y., A.M.), Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences (Y.N.), Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (H.I., H.M.), and Graduate School of Systems and Information Engineering (S.P.), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Center for Integrative Medicine, Tsukuba University of Technology, Ibaraki, Japan (A.H.); and Department of Neurosurgery, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan (K.S.)
| | - Yuji Matsumaru
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine (H.H., A.M., H.T., W.T., Y.M., T.Y., A.M.), Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (H.H., A. Marushima, A. Mujagic, H.T., W.T., Y.M., T.Y., A.M.), Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences (Y.N.), Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (H.I., H.M.), and Graduate School of Systems and Information Engineering (S.P.), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Center for Integrative Medicine, Tsukuba University of Technology, Ibaraki, Japan (A.H.); and Department of Neurosurgery, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan (K.S.)
| | - Tetsuya Yamamoto
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine (H.H., A.M., H.T., W.T., Y.M., T.Y., A.M.), Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (H.H., A. Marushima, A. Mujagic, H.T., W.T., Y.M., T.Y., A.M.), Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences (Y.N.), Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (H.I., H.M.), and Graduate School of Systems and Information Engineering (S.P.), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Center for Integrative Medicine, Tsukuba University of Technology, Ibaraki, Japan (A.H.); and Department of Neurosurgery, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan (K.S.)
| | - Akira Matsumura
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine (H.H., A.M., H.T., W.T., Y.M., T.Y., A.M.), Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (H.H., A. Marushima, A. Mujagic, H.T., W.T., Y.M., T.Y., A.M.), Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences (Y.N.), Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (H.I., H.M.), and Graduate School of Systems and Information Engineering (S.P.), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Center for Integrative Medicine, Tsukuba University of Technology, Ibaraki, Japan (A.H.); and Department of Neurosurgery, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan (K.S.)
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Li YF, Ren LN, Guo G, Cannella LA, Chernaya V, Samuel S, Liu SX, Wang H, Yang XF. Endothelial progenitor cells in ischemic stroke: an exploration from hypothesis to therapy. J Hematol Oncol 2015; 8:33. [PMID: 25888494 PMCID: PMC4446087 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-015-0130-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
As the population ages and lifestyles change in concordance, the number of patients suffering from ischemic stroke and its associated disabilities is increasing. Studies on determining the relationship between endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and ischemic stroke have become a new hot spot and have reported that EPCs may protect the brain against ischemic injury, promote neurovascular repair, and improve long-term neurobehavioral outcomes. More importantly, they introduce a new perspective for prognosis assessment and therapy of ischemic stroke. However, EPCs’ origin, function, influence factors, injury repair mechanisms, and cell-based therapy strategies remain controversial. Particularly, research conducted to date has less clinical studies than pre-clinical experiments on animals. In this review, we summarized and analyzed the current understanding of basic characteristics, influence factors, functions, therapeutic strategies, and disadvantages of EPCs as well as the regulation of inflammatory factors involved in the function and survival of EPCs after ischemic stroke. Identifying potential therapeutic effects of EPCs in ischemic stroke will be a challenging but an incredibly important breakthrough in neurology, which may bring promise for patients with ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Feng Li
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research, Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA. .,Department of Nephrology and Hemodialysis Center, The Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, 030001, China.
| | - Li-Na Ren
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, 030001, China.
| | - Geng Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, 030001, China.
| | - Lee Anne Cannella
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research, Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
| | - Valeria Chernaya
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, 1801 N. Broad St., Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA.
| | - Sonia Samuel
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, 1801 N. Broad St., Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA.
| | - Su-Xuan Liu
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research, Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
| | - Hong Wang
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research, Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
| | - Xiao-Feng Yang
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research, Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
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