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Lyu N, Li X. Sevoflurane Postconditioning Attenuates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting SP1/ACSL4-Mediated Ferroptosis. Hum Exp Toxicol 2023; 42:9603271231160477. [PMID: 36842993 DOI: 10.1177/09603271231160477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
Sevoflurane is the most commonly used anesthetic in clinical practice and exerts a protective effect on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. This study aims to elucidate the molecular mechanism by which sevoflurane postconditioning protects against cerebral I/R injury. Oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) model in vitro and the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model in vivo were established to simulate cerebral I/R injury. Sevoflurane postconditioning reduced neurological deficits, cerebral infarction, and ferroptosis after I/R injury. Interestingly, sevoflurane significantly inhibited specificity protein 1 (SP1) expression in MACO rats and HT22 cells exposed to OGD/R. SP1 overexpression attenuated the neuroprotective effects of sevoflurane on OGD/R-treated HT22 cells, evidenced by reduced cell viability, increased apoptosis, and cleaved caspase-3 expression. Furthermore, chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase experiments verified that SP1 bound directly to the ACSL4 promoter region to increase its expression. In addition, sevoflurane inhibited ferroptosis via SP1/ACSL4 axis. Generally, our study describes an anti-ferroptosis effect of sevoflurane against cerebral I/R injury via downregulating the SP1/ASCL4 axis. These findings suggest a novel sight for cerebral protection against cerebral I/R injury and indicate a potential therapeutic approach for a variety of cerebral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Lyu
- Department of Anesthesiology, 56659Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoyun Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, 144991The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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2
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Bi J, Liu Q, Sun Y, Hu X, He X, Xu C. CXCL14 inhibits the growth and promotes apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via suppressing Akt/mTOR pathway. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2020; 41:593-603. [DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2020.1837870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiang Bi
- Cangzhou Clinical Medical College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China
| | - Quanle Liu
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunchuan Sun
- Cangzhou Clinical Medical College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China
| | - Xiuru Hu
- Cangzhou Clinical Medical College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China
| | - Xinying He
- Cangzhou Clinical Medical College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China
| | - Chengzhen Xu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Qingdao No. 6 People’s Hospital, Qingdao, China
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3
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Niu L, Zheng Z, Xue Q, Cheng H, Liu Y, Wang H, Hu X, Zhang A, Liu B, Xu X. Two coupled mutations abolished the binding of CEBPB to the promoter of CXCL14 that displayed an antiviral effect on PRRSV by activating IFN signaling. FASEB J 2020; 34:11257-11271. [PMID: 32648265 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000477r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is the most economically important infectious disease of pigs worldwide. Our previous study revealed that Tongcheng (TC) pigs display higher resistance to PRRS than Largewhite (LW) pigs, but the genetic mechanism remains unknown. Here, we first confirmed that CXCL14 was downregulated in lungs and porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) responding to PRRS virus (PRRSV) infection, but the decline in LW pigs was more obvious than that in TC pigs. Then, we found that the overexpression of CXCL14 activated type-I interferon (IFN-I) signaling by upregulating interferon beta (IFNB), which plays a major role in the antiviral effect. To further decipher the mechanism underlying its differential expression, we characterized the core promoter of CXCL14 as being located from -145 to 276 bp of the transcription start site (TSS) and identified two main haplotypes that displayed significant differential transcriptional activities. We further identified two coupled point mutations that altered the binding status of CEBPB and were responsible for the differential expression in TC and LW pigs. The regulatory effect of CEBPB on CXCL14 was further confirmed by RNA interference (RNAi) and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), providing crucial clues for deciphering the mechanism of CXCL14 downregulation in unusual conditions. The present study revealed the potential antiviral effect of CXCL14, occurring via activation of interferon signaling, and suggested that CXCL14 contributes to the PRRS resistance of TC pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhu Niu
- Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education & College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China.,Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, College of Fishery, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiwei Zheng
- Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education & College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Qianjing Xue
- Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education & College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Huijun Cheng
- Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education & College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education & College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Huanling Wang
- Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education & College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, College of Fishery, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xueying Hu
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Anding Zhang
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Bang Liu
- Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education & College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China.,Key Lab of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuewen Xu
- Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education & College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China.,Key Lab of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
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4
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Yang XY, Ozawa S, Kato Y, Maehata Y, Izukuri K, Ikoma T, Kanamori K, Akasaka T, Suzuki K, Iwabuchi H, Kurata SI, Katoh I, Sakurai T, Kiyono T, Hata RI. C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 14 is a Unique Multifunctional Regulator of Tumor Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E1872. [PMID: 31014014 PMCID: PMC6514660 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death and disease worldwide, with a tremendous financial impact. Thus, the development of cost-effective novel approaches for suppressing tumor growth and progression is essential. In an attempt to identify the mechanisms responsible for tumor suppression, we screened for molecules downregulated in a cancer progression model and found that the chemokine CXCL14, also called BRAK, was the most significantly downregulated. Increasing the production of CXCL14 protein by transfecting tumor cells with a CXCL14 expression vector and transplanting the cells into the back skin of immunodeficient mice suppressed tumor cell growth compared with that of parental tumor cells, suggesting that CXCL14 suppressed tumor growth in vivo. However, some studies have reported that over-expression of CXCL14, especially in stromal cells, stimulated the progression of tumor formation. Transgenic mice expressing 10-fold more CXCL14 protein than wild-type C57BL/6 mice showed reduced rates of chemical carcinogenesis, transplanted tumor growth, and metastasis without apparent side effects. CXCL14 also acts as an antimicrobial molecule. In this review, we highlight recent studies involving the identification and characterization of CXCL14 in cancer progression and discuss the reasons for the context-dependent effects of CXCL14 on tumor formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Yang
- Oral Health Science Research Center, Graduate School of Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan.
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Diagnosis and Treatment, Graduate School of Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan.
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, 520-11 Kuwabara, Toride, Ibaraki 302-0017, Japan.
| | - Shigeyuki Ozawa
- Oral Health Science Research Center, Graduate School of Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan.
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Diagnosis and Treatment, Graduate School of Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan.
| | - Yasumasa Kato
- Department of Oral Function and Molecular Biology, Ohu University School of Dentistry, Koriyama 963-8611, Japan.
| | - Yojiro Maehata
- Oral Health Science Research Center, Graduate School of Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan.
| | - Kazuhito Izukuri
- Oral Health Science Research Center, Graduate School of Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan.
- Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan.
| | - Takeharu Ikoma
- Oral Health Science Research Center, Graduate School of Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan.
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Diagnosis and Treatment, Graduate School of Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan.
| | - Keisuke Kanamori
- Oral Health Science Research Center, Graduate School of Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan.
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Diagnosis and Treatment, Graduate School of Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan.
| | - Tetsu Akasaka
- Oral Health Science Research Center, Graduate School of Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan.
- Department of Critical Care Medicine and Dentistry, Graduate School of Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan.
| | - Kenji Suzuki
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Diagnosis and Treatment, Graduate School of Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Iwabuchi
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Diagnosis and Treatment, Graduate School of Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan.
| | - Shun-Ichi Kurata
- Oral Health Science Research Center, Graduate School of Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan.
| | - Iyoko Katoh
- Oral Health Science Research Center, Graduate School of Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan.
| | - Takashi Sakurai
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Diagnosis and Treatment, Graduate School of Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan.
| | - Tohru Kiyono
- Division of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, Department of Cell Culture Technology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan.
| | - Ryu-Ichiro Hata
- Oral Health Science Research Center, Graduate School of Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan.
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Diagnosis and Treatment, Graduate School of Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan.
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5
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Nakayama R, Arikawa K, Bhawal UK. The epigenetic regulation of CXCL14 plays a role in the pathobiology of oral cancers. J Cancer 2017; 8:3014-3027. [PMID: 28928893 PMCID: PMC5604453 DOI: 10.7150/jca.21169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Chemokines selectively attract and activate leukocytes and play roles in a variety of homeostatic and disease processes. Explore the biological properties of CXCL14 seems complicated due to unknown functional characteristics of CXCL14 in cancer. Methods: To study the multistep process of oral cancer development, we analyzed oral samples spanning normalcy, dysplasia and cancer from multiple perspectives, revealing a cascade of progressive changes. Results: CXCL14 protein was expressed in the cytoplasm adjacent to tumors. T classification (P<0.001), clinical stage (P=0.0013) and nodal metastasis (P=0.0035) were significantly associated with CXCL14 in relationships between CXCL14 expression levels and tumor and patient characteristics. Compared with non-tumor tissue, expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene was increased in dysplasia and was further sustained in cancer. Our data show an inverse relationship between CXCL14 and EGFR expression levels in tumor cells indicating that CXCL14 expression is beneficial for tumor suppression. To explore epigenetic regulation and the impact of CXCL14 on oral cancer, analysis of CpG islands methylation in the CXCL14 promoter region indicated that the abnormal hypermethylation of that promoter region in tumor cells and tissues is one of the mechanisms causing the reduced expression. Restoration of CXCL14 expression was induced by treatment with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine. Using in vivo mouse models, we demonstrate that the restoration of CXCL14 expression in irradiation-induced oral carcinoma cells induces the expression of Late Cornified Envelope (LCE) genes. Conclusions: Our data suggest that LCE genes are a novel target of CXCL14 and are likely to have a tumor suppressor function through the modulation of CXCL14 expression. In conclusion, CXCL14 might play a pivotal role in the pathobiology of oral cancer, probably by regulating DNA methylation and leukocyte migration. The level of CXCL14 expression may be a valuable adjuvant parameter to predict the prognosis of patients with oral carcinoma and may be a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuji Nakayama
- Department of Preventive and Public Oral Health, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakae-cho Nishi, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
| | - Kazumune Arikawa
- Department of Preventive and Public Oral Health, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakae-cho Nishi, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan.,Research Institute of Oral Health, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakae-cho Nishi, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
| | - Ujjal K Bhawal
- Research Institute of Oral Health, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakae-cho Nishi, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan.,Department of Oral Health, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238-8580, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakae-cho Nishi, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
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6
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Expression of the chemokine CXCL14 and cetuximab-dependent tumour suppression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oncogenesis 2016; 5:e240. [PMID: 27399917 PMCID: PMC5399171 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2016.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cetuximab, a monoclonal antibody against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), has been successfully used to treat some patients with colorectal cancer and those with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). For the effective treatment, it is essential to first identify cetuximab-responsive patients. The level of EGFR expression and/or the presence of mutations in signalling molecules downstream of the EGFR pathway have been reported to be determining factors for cetuximab responsiveness in colorectal cancer patients; however, limited data have been reported for HNSCC patients. We previously reported that the chemokine CXCL14 exhibits tumour-suppressive effects against xenografted HNSCC cells, which may be classified into two groups, CXCL14-expressing and non-expressing cells under serum-starved culture conditions. Here we employed CXCL14-expressing HSC-3 cells and CXCL14-non-expressing YCU-H891 cells as representatives of the two groups and compared their responses to cetuximab and their CXCL14 expression under various conditions. The growth of xenografted tumours initiated by HSC-3 cells, which expressed CXCL14 in vivo and in vitro, was suppressed by the injection of cetuximab into tumour-bearing mice; however, neither the expression of the chemokine nor the cetuximab-dependent suppression of xenograft tumour growth was observed for YCU-H891 cells. Both types of cells expressed EGFR and neither type harboured mutations in signalling molecules downstream of EGFR that have been reported in cetuximab-resistant colon cancer patients. The inhibition of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signalling increased the levels of CXCL14 messenger RNA (mRNA) in HSC-3 cells, but not in YCU-H891 cells. We also observed that the CXCL14 promoter region in YCU-H891 cells was hypermethylated, and that demethylation of the promoter by treatment with 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine restored CXCL14 mRNA expression and in vivo cetuximab-mediated tumour growth suppression. Finally, we observed in vivo tumour growth suppression when YCU-H891 cells were engineered to express CXCL14 ectopically in the presence of doxycycline. These results indicate that CXCL14 expression may be a good predictive biomarker for cetuximab-dependent tumour suppression.
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7
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Yang XY, Miyamoto C, Akasaka T, Izukuri K, Maehata Y, Ikoma T, Ozawa S, Hata RI. Chemokine CXCL14 is a multistep tumor suppressor. J Oral Biosci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2015.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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8
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Jang DH, Bhawal UK, Min HK, Kang HK, Abiko Y, Min BM. A Transcriptional Roadmap to the Senescence and Differentiation of Human Oral Keratinocytes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 70:20-32. [DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glt212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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9
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Stephens DN, Klein RH, Salmans ML, Gordon W, Ho H, Andersen B. The Ets transcription factor EHF as a regulator of cornea epithelial cell identity. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:34304-24. [PMID: 24142692 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.504399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The cornea is the clear, outermost portion of the eye composed of three layers: an epithelium that provides a protective barrier while allowing transmission of light into the eye, a collagen-rich stroma, and an endothelium monolayer. How cornea development and aging is controlled is poorly understood. Here we characterize the mouse cornea transcriptome from early embryogenesis through aging and compare it with transcriptomes of other epithelial tissues, identifying cornea-enriched genes, pathways, and transcriptional regulators. Additionally, we profiled cornea epithelium and stroma, defining genes enriched in these layers. Over 10,000 genes are differentially regulated in the mouse cornea across the time course, showing dynamic expression during development and modest expression changes in fewer genes during aging. A striking transition time point for gene expression between postnatal days 14 and 28 corresponds with completion of cornea development at the transcriptional level. Clustering classifies co-expressed, and potentially co-regulated, genes into biologically informative categories, including groups that exhibit epithelial or stromal enriched expression. Based on these findings, and through loss of function studies and ChIP-seq, we show that the Ets transcription factor EHF promotes cornea epithelial fate through complementary gene activating and repressing activities. Furthermore, we identify potential interactions between EHF, KLF4, and KLF5 in promoting cornea epithelial differentiation. These data provide insights into the mechanisms underlying epithelial development and aging, identifying EHF as a regulator of cornea epithelial identity and pointing to interactions between Ets and KLF factors in promoting epithelial fate. Furthermore, this comprehensive gene expression data set for the cornea is a powerful tool for discovery of novel cornea regulators and pathways.
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10
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Hu C, Lin F, Zhu G, Xue X, Ding Y, Zhao Z, Zhang L, Shen X. Abnormal hypermethylation of promoter region downregulates chemokine CXC ligand 14 expression in gastric cancer. Int J Oncol 2013; 43:1487-94. [PMID: 23982764 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.2078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CXCL14, a new member of the CXC subfamily of chemokines, is differentially expressed in several types of tumors. The expression of CXCL14 and its clinical significance in gastric cancer are unclear to date. In this study, the expression of CXCL14 was detected by quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry assay. DNA methylation was analyzed by bisulfite sequencing PCR. Student's t-test and Kruskal-Wallis H test were used to evaluate the differences of the CXCL14 expression between the groups. Kaplan-Meier survival curve and Cox regression model were used to evaluate the clinical significance of CXCL14 expression in gastric cancer. Data indicated that the levels of CXCL14 mRNA declined (P<0.001) in gastric carcinoma tissues compared to the paired normal tissues. Immunohistochemical analysis also showed the decrease of CXCL14 protein in the tumor tissue (P<0.001). Analysis of CpG islands methylation in CXCL14 promoter region and first exon area indicated that the abnormal hypermethylation of promoter region in tumor tissue is one of the mechanisms causing the reduction. When gastric cancer cells were demethylated with 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine, CXCL14 expression was restored. Downregulation of CXCL14 was associated with the depth of penetration (P<0.001) and positively correlated with prognosis in stage III/IV (P=0.046). In conclusion, it is possible that CXCL14 is involved in the development and progression of gastric cancer. Hypermethylation in the promoter is one of the reasons that CXCL14 has lower expression in gastric adenocarcinoma tissues. The level of CXCL14 expression may be a valuable adjuvant parameter in predicting the prognosis of gastric cancer patients and, thus, a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyuan Hu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China
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11
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Expression of CXCL12 and CXCL14 during eye development in chick and mouse. Gene Expr Patterns 2013; 13:303-10. [PMID: 23727298 DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2013.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/13/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Vertebrate eye development is a complex multistep process coordinated by signals from the lens, optic cup and periocular mesenchyme. Although chemokines are increasingly being recognized as key players in cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation during embryonic development, their potential role during eye development has not been examined. In this study, we demonstrate by section in situ hybridization that CXCL12 and CXCL14 are expressed during ocular development. CXCL12 is expressed in the periocular mesenchyme, ocular blood vessels, retina, and eyelid mesenchyme, and its expression pattern is conserved between chick and mouse in most tissues. Expression of CXCL14 is localized in the ocular ectoderm, limbal epithelium, scleral papillae, eyelid mesenchyme, corneal keratocytes, hair follicles, and retina, and it was only conserved in the upper eyelid ectoderm of chick and mouse. The unique and non-overlapping patterns of CXCL12 and CXCL14 expression in ocular tissues suggest that these two chemokines may interact and have important functions in cell proliferation, differentiation and migration during eye development.
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12
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Fang Y, Cao Z, Hou Q, Ma C, Yao C, Li J, Wu XR, Huang C. Cyclin d1 downregulation contributes to anticancer effect of isorhapontigenin on human bladder cancer cells. Mol Cancer Ther 2013; 12:1492-503. [PMID: 23723126 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-12-0922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Isorhapontigenin (ISO) is a new derivative of stilbene compound that was isolated from the Chinese herb Gnetum Cleistostachyum and has been used for treatment of bladder cancers for centuries. In our current studies, we have explored the potential inhibitory effect and molecular mechanisms underlying isorhapontigenin anticancer effects on anchorage-independent growth of human bladder cancer cell lines. We found that isorhapontigenin showed a significant inhibitory effect on human bladder cancer cell growth and was accompanied with related cell cycle G(0)-G(1) arrest as well as downregulation of cyclin D1 expression at the transcriptional level in UMUC3 and RT112 cells. Further studies identified that isorhapontigenin downregulated cyclin D1 gene transcription via inhibition of specific protein 1 (SP1) transactivation. Moreover, ectopic expression of GFP-cyclin D1 rendered UMUC3 cells resistant to induction of cell-cycle G(0)-G(1) arrest and inhibition of cancer cell anchorage-independent growth by isorhapontigenin treatment. Together, our studies show that isorhapontigenin is an active compound that mediates Gnetum Cleistostachyum's induction of cell-cycle G(0)-G(1) arrest and inhibition of cancer cell anchorage-independent growth through downregulating SP1/cyclin D1 axis in bladder cancer cells. Our studies provide a novel insight into understanding the anticancer activity of the Chinese herb Gnetum Cleistostachyum and its isolate isorhapontigenin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Fang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, ZheJiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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13
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Abstract
ATP released in the early inflammatory processes acts as a danger signal by binding to purinergic receptors expressed on immune cells. A major contribution of the P2Y(2) receptor of ATP/UTP to dendritic cell function and Th2 lymphocyte recruitment during asthmatic airway inflammation was previously reported. We investigated here the involvement of P2Y(2) receptor in lung inflammation initiated by pneumonia virus of mice infection. We demonstrated that P2Y(2) (-/-) mice display a severe increase in morbidity and mortality rate in response to the virus. Lower survival of P2Y(2) (-/-) mice was not significantly correlated with excessive inflammation despite the higher level of neutrophil recruiters in their bronchoalveolar fluids. Interestingly, we observed reduced ATP level and lower numbers of dendritic cells, CD4(+) T cells and CD8(+) T cells in P2Y(2) (-/-) compared to P2Y(2) (+/+) infected lungs. Lower level of IL-12 and higher level of IL-6 in bronchoalveolar fluid support an inhibition of Th1 response in P2Y(2) (-/-) infected mice. Quantification of DC recruiter expression revealed comparable IP-10 and MIP-3α levels but a reduced BRAK level in P2Y(2) (-/-) compared to P2Y(2) (+/+) bronchoalveolar fluids. The increased morbidity and mortality of P2Y(2) (-/-) mice could be the consequence of a lower viral clearance leading to a more persistent viral load correlated with the observed higher viral titer. The decreased viral clearance could result from the defective Th1 response to PVM with a lack of DC and T cell infiltration. In conclusion, P2Y(2) receptor, previously described as a target in cystic fibrosis therapy and as a mediator of Th2 response in asthma, may also regulate Th1 response protecting mice against lung viral infection.
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14
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Fang Y, Yu Y, Hou Q, Zheng X, Zhang M, Zhang D, Li J, Wu XR, Huang C. The Chinese herb isolate isorhapontigenin induces apoptosis in human cancer cells by down-regulating overexpression of antiapoptotic protein XIAP. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:35234-35243. [PMID: 22896709 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.389494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the Chinese herb Gnetum cleistostachyum has been used as a remedy for cancers for hundred years, the active compounds and molecular mechanisms underlying its anti-cancer activity have not been explored. Recently a new derivative of stilbene compound, isorhapontigenin (ISO), was isolated from this Chinese herb. In the present study, we examined the potential of ISO in anti-cancer activity and the mechanisms involved in human cancer cell lines. We found that ISO exhibited significant inhibitory effects on human bladder cancer cell growth that was accompanied by marked apoptotic induction as well as down-regulation of the X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP). Further studies have shown that ISO down-regulation of XIAP protein expression was only observed in endogenous XIAP, but not in constitutionally exogenously expressed XIAP in the same cells, excluding the possibility of ISO regulating XIAP expression at the level of protein degradation. We also identified that ISO down-regulated XIAP gene transcription via inhibition of Sp1 transactivation. There was no significant effect of ISO on apoptosis and colony formation of cells transfected with exogenous HA-tagged XIAP. Collectively, current studies, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, identify ISO as a major active compound for the anti-cancer activity of G. cleistostachyum by down-regulation of XIAP expression and induction of apoptosis through specific targeting of a SP1 pathway, and cast new light on the treatment of the cancer patients with XIAP overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Fang
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, New York 10987; Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, ZheJiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, China
| | - Yonghui Yu
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, New York 10987
| | - Qi Hou
- Materia Medica of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, New York 10987
| | - Min Zhang
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, New York 10987
| | - Dongyun Zhang
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, New York 10987
| | - Jingxia Li
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, New York 10987
| | - Xue-Ru Wu
- Department of Urology and Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016
| | - Chuanshu Huang
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, New York 10987.
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