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Wang T, Rao D, Yu C, Sheng J, Luo Y, Xia L, Huang W. RHO GTPase family in hepatocellular carcinoma. Exp Hematol Oncol 2022; 11:91. [DOI: 10.1186/s40164-022-00344-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractRHO GTPases are a subfamily of the RAS superfamily of proteins, which are highly conserved in eukaryotic species and have important biological functions, including actin cytoskeleton reorganization, cell proliferation, cell polarity, and vesicular transport. Recent studies indicate that RHO GTPases participate in the proliferation, migration, invasion and metastasis of cancer, playing an essential role in the tumorigenesis and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This review first introduces the classification, structure, regulators and functions of RHO GTPases, then dissects its role in HCC, especially in migration and metastasis. Finally, we summarize inhibitors targeting RHO GTPases and highlight the issues that should be addressed to improve the potency of these inhibitors.
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Lei MML, Leung CON, Lau EYT, Leung RWH, Ma VWS, Tong M, Lu YY, Huang CY, Zhu QH, Ng IOL, Ma S, Lee TKW. SCYL3, as a novel binding partner and regulator of ROCK2, promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression. JHEP Rep 2022; 5:100604. [PMCID: PMC9691429 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2022.100604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims SCY1-like pseudokinase 3 (SCYL3) was identified as a binding partner of ezrin, implicating it in metastasis. However, the clinical relevance and functional role of SCYL3 in cancer remain uncharacterized. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the role of SCYL3 in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods The clinical significance of SCYL3 in HCC was evaluated in publicly available datasets and by qPCR analysis of an in-house HCC cohort. The functional significance and mechanistic consequences of SCYL3 were examined in SCYL3-knockdown/overexpressing HCC cells. In vivo tumor progression was evaluated in Tp53KO/c-MycOE mice using the sleeping beauty transposon system. Potential downstream pathways were investigated by co-immunoprecipitation, western blotting analysis and immunofluorescence staining. Results SCYL3 is often overexpressed in HCC; it is preferentially expressed in metastatic human HCC tumors and is associated with worse patient survival. Suppression of SCYL3 in HCC cells attenuated cell proliferation and migration as well as in vivo metastasis. Intriguingly, endogenous SCYL3 overexpression increased tumor development and metastasis in Tp53KO/c-MycOE mice. Mechanistic investigations revealed that SCYL3 physically binds and regulates the stability and transactivating activity of ROCK2 (Rho kinase 2) via its C-terminal domain, leading to the increased formation of actin stress fibers and focal adhesions. Conclusions These findings reveal that SCYL3 plays a critical role in promoting the progression of HCC and have implications for developing new therapeutic strategies to tackle metastatic HCC. Impact and implications SCYL3 was first reported to be a binding partner of a metastasis-related gene, ezrin. To date, the clinical relevance and functional role of SCYL3 in cancer remain uncharacterized. Herein, we uncover its crucial role in liver cancer progression. We show that it physically binds and regulates the stability and transactivating activity of ROCK2 leading to HCC tumor progression. Our data provide mechanistic insight that SCYL3-mediated ROCK2 protein stability plays a pivotal role in growth and metastasis of HCC cells. Targeting SCYL3/ROCK2 signaling cascade may be a novel therapeutic strategy for treatment of HCC patients. SCYL3 was found to be overexpressed in HCC and was associated with metastasis and poor survival in human tumors. SCYL3 is critically involved in the regulation of HCC progression and metastasis. We identified ROCK2 as the binding partner of SCYL3. SCYL3 physically binds and regulates the stability and transactivating activity of ROCK2 via its C-terminal domain.
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Key Words
- scyl3
- rock2
- hepatocellular carcinoma
- protein stability
- metastasis
- chx, cycloheximide
- ev, empty vector
- geo, gene expression omnibus
- hcc, hepatocellular carcinoma
- hrd motif, histidine-arginine-aspartic acid motif
- htvi, hydrodynamic tail vein injection
- mlc2, myosin light chain 2
- ntc, non-target control
- oe, overexpression
- qpcr, quantitative pcr
- rock2, rho kinase 2
- sb, sleeping beauty
- scyl3, scy1-like pseudokinase 3
- scyl3-δc, scyl3 mutant with deletion of the c-terminal domain
- scyl3 oe, scyl3-overexpressing
- sg, single-guide
- sh, short-hairpin
- tcga, the cancer genome atlas
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Mang Leng Lei
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Carmen Oi Ning Leung
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | | | - Rainbow Wing Hei Leung
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Victor Wan San Ma
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Man Tong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Yin Ying Lu
- Comprehensive Liver Cancer Center, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Yang Huang
- Comprehensive Liver Cancer Center, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qiao Hua Zhu
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Oncology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shunde, China
| | - Irene Oi Lin Ng
- Department of Pathology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong,State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Stephanie Ma
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong,State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Terence Kin Wah Lee
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong,Research Institute for Future Food, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong,State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong,Corresponding author. Address: Room 805, Block Y, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Lee Shau Kee Building, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong. Tel.: (852) 3400-8799, fax: (852) 2364-9932.
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Hu H, Zhang T, Wu Y, Deng M, Deng H, Yang X. Cross-regulation between microRNAs and key proteins of signaling pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 16:753-765. [PMID: 35833844 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2022.2101994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a subtype of primary liver cancer and a major cause of death. Although miRNA plays an important role in hepatocellular carcinoma, the specific regulatory network remains unclear. Therefore, this paper comprehensively describes the miRNA-related signaling pathways in HCC and the possible interactions among different signaling pathways. The aim is to lay the foundation for the discovery of new molecular targets and multi-target therapy. AREAS COVERED Based on miRNA, HCC, and signaling pathways, the literature was searched on Web of Science and PubMed. Then, common targets between different signaling pathways were found from KEGG database, and possible cross-regulation mechanisms were further studied. In this review, we elaborated from two aspects, respectively, laying a foundation for studying the regulatory mechanism and potential targets of miRNA in HCC. EXPERT OPINION Non-coding RNAs have become notable molecules in cancer research in recent years, and many types of targeted drugs have emerged. From the outset, molecular targets and signal pathways are interlinked, which suggests that signal pathways and regulatory networks should be concerned in basic research, which also provides a strong direction for future mechanism research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihong Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Taolan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, Pharmacy Department, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yiwen Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Meina Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Huiling Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China.,The Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
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5-Azacytidine Downregulates the Proliferation and Migration of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells In Vitro and In Vivo by Targeting miR-139-5p/ROCK2 Pathway. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14071630. [PMID: 35406401 PMCID: PMC8996928 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary For hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the second most common cause of cancer-related death, effective therapeutic approaches are lacking. As aberrant gene methylation is a major contributor to the development of HCC, demethylating drugs such as 5-azacytidine (5-Aza) have been proposed. However, despite the potential efficacy of 5-Aza in HCC, most of its mechanisms of action are still unknown. Here, we investigate the phenotypic/molecular effects of 5-Aza with a focus on miR-139-5p. Using multiple in vitro and in vivo models of HCC, we show for the first time that 5-Aza can impair HCC development via upregulation of miR-139-5p, which in turn downregulates the ROCK2/cyclin D1/E2F1/cyclin B1 pro-proliferative pathway and the ROCK2/MMP-2 pro-migratory pathway. These observations elucidate the mechanisms of action of 5-Aza in HCC, strengthen its therapeutic potential, and provide novel information about the crosstalk among ROCK2/cyclin D1/E2F1/cyclin B1/MMP-2 in HCC. Abstract Background: For hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), effective therapeutic approaches are lacking. As aberrant gene methylation is a major contributor to HCC development, demethylating drugs such as 5-azacytidine (5-Aza) have been proposed. As most 5-Aza mechanisms of action are unknown, we investigated its phenotypic/molecular effects. Methods: 5-Aza effects were examined in the human HCC cell lines JHH-6/HuH-7 and in the rat cell-line N1-S1. We also employed a xenograft mouse model (HuH-7), a zebrafish model (JHH-6), and an orthotopic syngeneic rat model (N1-S1) of HCC. Results: 5-Aza downregulated cell viability/growth/migration/adhesion by upregulating miR-139-5p, which in turn downregulated ROCK2/cyclin D1/E2F1 and increased p27kip1, resulting in G1/G0 cell accumulation. Moreover, a decrease in cyclin B1 and an increase in p27kip1 led to G2/M accumulation. Finally, we observed a decrease in MMP-2 levels, a stimulator of HCC cell migration. Aza effects were confirmed in the mouse model; in the zebrafish model, we also demonstrated the downregulation of tumor neo-angiogenesis, and in the orthotopic rat model, we observed impaired N1-S1 grafting in a healthy liver. Conclusion: We demonstrate for the first time that 5-Aza can impair HCC development via upregulation of miR-139-5p, which in turn impairs the ROCK2/cyclin D1/E2F1/cyclin B1 pro-proliferative pathway and the ROCK2/MMP-2 pro-migratory pathway. Thus, we provide novel information about 5-Aza mechanisms of action and deepen the knowledge about the crosstalk among ROCK2/cyclin D1/E2F1/cyclin B1/p27kip1/MMP-2 in HCC.
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Farooqi A, Zahid R, Naureen H, Attar R, Gazouli M, Berardi R, Szelachowska J, Matkowski R, Pawlak E. Regulation of ROCK1/2 by long non‑coding RNAs and circular RNAs in different cancer types (Review). Oncol Lett 2022; 23:159. [PMID: 35399329 PMCID: PMC8987920 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent breakthroughs in high-throughput technologies have enabled the development of a better understanding of the functionalities of rho-associated protein kinases (ROCKs) under various physiological and pathological conditions. Since their discovery in the late 1990s, ROCKs have attracted the attention of interdisciplinary researchers due to their ability to pleiotropically modulate a myriad of cellular mechanisms. A rapidly growing number of published studies have started to shed light on the mechanisms underlying the regulation of ROCK1 and ROCK2 via long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) in different types of cancer. Detailed analyses have suggested that lncRNAs may be characteristically divided into oncogenic and tumor suppressor lncRNAs. Several exciting recent discoveries have also indicated how different lncRNAs and circRNAs modulate ROCK1/2 and mediate multistep cancer onset and progression. The present review chronicles the major advances that have been made in our understanding of the regulatory role of ROCK1/2 in different types of cancer, and how wide-ranging lncRNAs and circRNAs potentiate ROCK-driven signaling by blocking the targeting activities of tumor suppressor microRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammad Farooqi
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering, Islamabad 54000, Pakistan
| | - Rabbia Zahid
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Punjab, Lahore 43000, Pakistan
| | - Humaira Naureen
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad 54000, Pakistan
| | - Rukset Attar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yeditepe University 34280, Turkey
| | - Maria Gazouli
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Biology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 54634, Greece
| | - Rossana Berardi
- Oncology Clinic‑Marche Polytechnic University, Azienda Ospedaliero‑Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti Umberto I‑GM Lancisi‑G Salesi di Ancona, I‑60126 Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Rafał Matkowski
- Department of Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, 53‑413 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Edyta Pawlak
- Department of Experimental Therapy, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 50-013 Wroclaw, Poland
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Bai L, Yang ZX, Ma PF, Liu JS, Wang DS, Yu HC. Overexpression of SLC25A51 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by driving aerobic glycolysis through activation of SIRT5. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 182:11-22. [PMID: 35182732 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Solute carrier family 25 member 20 (SLC25A51) is a newly identified mammalian mitochondrial NAD+ transporter. However, the clinicopathological and biological significance of SLC25A51 in human cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), remains unclear. The aim of this study was to define the role of SLC25A51 in HCC progression. Here we demonstrate that SLC25A51 is significantly overexpressed in human HCC specimens and cell lines, caused by, at least in partial, the decrease of miR-212-3p. SLC25A51 overexpression is positively correlated with the clinicopathological characteristics of vascular invasion and tumor diameter, as well as poor survival in patients with HCC. Knockdown of SLC25A51 attenuated, while overexpression of SLC25A51 enhanced the growth and metastasis of HCC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, glucose metabolism reprogramming from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis by activation of mitochondrial sirtuin 5 (SIRT5) was found to contribute to the promotion of growth and metastasis by SLC25A51 in HCC cells. Together, these findings reveal important roles of SLC25A51 in HCC tumorigenesis and suggest SLC25A51 as a promising prognostic marker and therapeutic target for treating HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Bai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhao-Xu Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Peng-Fei Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jian-Shan Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - De-Sheng Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Heng-Chao Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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Qin L, Liu X, Lan L, Lv X. ROCK2 Polymorphism and Expression Contribute to Increased Susceptibility and Poor Prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Gen Med 2022; 15:1295-1306. [PMID: 35173468 PMCID: PMC8841339 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s343968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim To analyze the association between ROCK2 gene polymorphism/expression and susceptibility/prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods Peripheral venous blood from 204 hepatocellular carcinoma patients (HCC group), 242 chronic hepatitis B patients (CHB group), 215 liver cirrhosis patients (LC group) and 201 healthy volunteers (normal group) were collected. ROCK2 gene (including the rs9808232 locus) was amplified by PCR and the products were sequenced. Tumor tissues from patients with HCC and liver tissues from CHB, LC and normal groups were collected, and mRNA and protein expression of ROCK2 gene in liver tissues were tested by RT-qPCR and immunofluorescence, respectively. Results Compared with the normal group, the mRNA and protein expression levels of ROCK2 in the HCC group increased significantly (P < 0.05), but there are no obvious increases in the CHB and LC groups (P > 0.05). ROCK2 gene rs9808232 polymorphism was associated with an increased susceptibility of HCC, and genotypes AC and CC may be risk factors for HCC (P < 0.001). There was a significant association between the ROCK2 gene rs9808232 polymorphism and the route of metastasis in HCC patients (P < 0.05). According to the Kaplan–Meier analysis, the overall survival of patients with AC and CC genotypes of ROCK2 rs9808232 was much shorter than that of patients with AA genotype (median overall survival, 25.5 months vs 16.0 months; Log rank P = 0.006). The overall survival time of patients with high ROCK2 expression is much shorter than that of patients with low ROCK2 expression (median overall survival time, 15.0 months vs 20.5 months; Log rank P = 0.008). Compared with genotype AA, the ROCK2 protein levels of genotypes AC and CC were distinctly increased in the HCC group, especially genotype CC (P< 0.05). Conclusion ROCK2 gene rs9808232 polymorphism may contribute to its expression in liver tissue, which may increase the susceptibility and poor prognosis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Qin
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases (Hubei Minzu University), Enshi, 445000, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Minda Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, 445000, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Lifeng Qin, Email
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Pathology, Minda Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, 445000, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li’na Lan
- Departments of infectious diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoping Lv
- Departments of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
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Rodríguez-Rodríguez DR, Lozano-Sepulveda SA, Delgado-Montemayor C, Waksman N, Cordero-Perez P, Rivas-Estilla AM. Turnera diffusa extract attenuates profibrotic, extracellular matrix and mitochondrial markers in activated human hepatic stellate cells (HSC). Ann Hepatol 2021; 22:100281. [PMID: 33220464 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2020.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Hepatic fibrosis is characterized by the accumulation of extracellular matrix which includes the accumulation of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), collagen type I (COL1α1), as well as remodeling induced by metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMPs), where hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) play a central role. In addition, the transcription factor SNAI1 (which participates in epithelial-mesenchymal transition, EMT) and mitofusin 2 (MFN2, a mitochondrial marker) plays an important role in chronic liver disease. Turnera diffusa (TD), a Mexican endemic plant, has been shown to possess antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity in vitro. We treated human HSC (LX2 cells) with a methanolic extract of Turnera diffusa (METD) to evaluate the mechanism involved in its hepatoprotective effect measured as fibrosis modulation, EMT, and mitochondrial markers. MATERIALS AND METHODS HSC LX-2 cells were treated with METD (100 and 200ng/mL) alone or combined with TGF-β (10ng/mL) at different time points (24, 48, and 72h). α-SMA, COL1α1, MMP2, TIMP1, SNAI1, and MFN2 mRNAs and protein levels were determined by real-time quantitative PCR and Western Blot analysis. RESULTS We found that METD decreases COL1α1-mRNA, α-SMA, and TIMP1 protein expression in LX2 cells treated with and TGF-β. This treatment also decreases MFN2 and TIMP1 protein expression and induces overexpression of MMP2-mRNA. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that a methanolic extract of Turnera diffusa is associated with an antifibrotic effect by decreasing profibrotic and mitochondrial markers together with the possible induction of apoptosis through SNAI1 expression in activated HSC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Raquel Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Deptartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Sonia Amelia Lozano-Sepulveda
- Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Deptartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Cecilia Delgado-Montemayor
- Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Department of Analytical Chemistry, School of Medicine, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Noemí Waksman
- Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Department of Analytical Chemistry, School of Medicine, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Paula Cordero-Perez
- Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Liver Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital "Dr. José E. González", Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Ana María Rivas-Estilla
- Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Deptartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico.
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LncRNA MAGI2-AS3 is downregulated in the distant recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after surgical resection and affects migration and invasion via ROCK2. Ann Hepatol 2021; 19:535-540. [PMID: 32546442 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2020.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most lethal cancer around the world, with poor survival rate and high metastasis rate in patients. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to modulate the initiation and development of liver cancer. We aimed to investigate the role of lncRNA MAGI2-AS3 in HCC and underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression levels of MAGI2-AS3 in plasma of HCC patients and the control participants were measured by qPCR. Hep3B and MHCC97-H cells were transfected with MAGI2-AS3 and ROCK2 expression vectors. Cell migration and invasion of HCC cells transfected with the vectors were investigated by transwell assay. In addition, flow cytometry and western blot were performed for apoptosis detection. RESULTS We found that MAGI2-AS3 was downregulated in plasma of early stage HCC patients compared to healthy controls. After surgical resection, the expression levels of MAGI2-AS3 were increased compared to pretreatment levels on the day of discharge. During the follow-up, MAGI2-AS3 was downregulated in patients developed distant recurrence, but not in other patients compared to the levels measured on the day of discharge. In HCC cells, overexpression of MAGI2-AS3 mediated the downregulation of ROCK2. Cell invasion and migration assay showed that overexpression of MAGI2-AS3 mediated the decreased cell invasion and migration rate, while ROCK2 played an opposite role and attenuated the effects of overexpression of MAGI2-AS3. CONCLUSION Our study indicated that MAGI2-AS3 was downregulated in the distant recurrence of HCC after surgical resection and affected the invasion and migration of HCC cells via ROCK2.
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Huang D, Xiao F, Hao H, Hua F, Luo Z, Huang Z, Li Q, Chen S, Cheng X, Zhang X, Fang W, Hu X, Liu F. JARID1B promotes colorectal cancer proliferation and Wnt/β-catenin signaling via decreasing CDX2 level. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:169. [PMID: 33109187 PMCID: PMC7590656 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00660-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Jumonji AT-rich interactive domain 1B(JARID1B) has been shown to be upregulated in many human cancers and plays a critical role in the development of cancers cells. Nevertheless, its functional role in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression is not fully understood. METHODS Herein, JARID1B expression levels were detected in clinical CRC samples by western blotting and qRT-PCR. DLD-1 cells with JARID1B knockdown or overexpression by stably transfected plasmids were used in vitro and in vivo study. Colony formation, 5-ethynyl-20-deoxyuridine (EdU) and Real Time Cellular Analysis (RTCA) assays were used to detect cell proliferation and growth. Transcriptome and CHIP assays were used to examine the molecular biology changes and molecular interaction in these cells. Nude mice was utilized to study the correlation of JARID1B and tumor growth in vivo. RESULTS Here, we first observed that JARID1B was significantly upregulated in CRC tissue compared to adjacent normal tissues. In CRC patients, JARID1B high expression was positively relation with poor overall survival. Multivariate analyses revealed that high JARID1B expression was an independent predictive marker for the poor prognosis of CRC. In addition, we found that JARID1B promoted CRC cells proliferation by Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Further studies demonstrated CDX2 as a downstream target of JARID1B, and our data demonstrated that CDX2 is crucial for JARID1B -mediated Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that JARID1B regulated CDX2 expression through demethylation of H3K4me3. CONCLUSIONS CDX2 inhibited by JARID1B-derived H3K4me3 methylation promoted cells proliferation of CRC via Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Therefore, our studies provided a novel insight into the role of JARID1B in CRC cells proliferation and potential new molecular target for treating CRC. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Huang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Fan Xiao
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanchang, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Haibin Hao
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Fuzhou Hua
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanchang, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhenzhong Luo
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanchang, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhaoxia Huang
- Center for Education Evaluation, Nanchang Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Sha Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiuzhi Cheng
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanchang, China
- Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanchang, China
- Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Weilan Fang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanchang, China
- Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaoyun Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Fanrong Liu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanchang, China
- Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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11
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HBXIP: a potential prognosis biomarker of colorectal cancer which promotes invasion and migration via epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Life Sci 2020; 245:117354. [PMID: 31987874 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis B X-interacting protein (HBXIP) is highly expressed in many cancers, but the correlation between the expression of HBXIP and the clinical significance and underlying molecular mechanisms in colorectal cancer (CRC) is still unclear. We selected 186 specimens from CRC patients for analyzing the relationship between the expression of HBXIP and the clinical-pathological features by immunohistochemistry. Migration and invasion experiments were performed to examine the effect of HBXIP on CRC cell metastasis. Besides, we also explored the possible molecular mechanism of HBXIP regulation of CRC cell metastasis by Western blot. Our data indicated that the HBXIP was overexpressed in CRC tissues. High HBXIP expression was correlated with metastasis and shorter survival times in patients with CRC and served as an independent factor for poor prognosis. Moreover, HBXIP promotes CRC metastasis by enhancing the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. Our findings provide the first evidence that HBXIP induces EMT to promote metastasis and predicts the poor prognosis of CRC. Therefore, HBXIP may become a new target for CRC treatment.
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12
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Jiang L, He Y, Shen G, Ni J, Xia Z, Liu H, Cao Y, Li X. lncRNA HAND2‑AS1 mediates the downregulation of ROCK2 in hepatocellular carcinoma and inhibits cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Mol Med Rep 2020; 21:1304-1309. [PMID: 31922232 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.10928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding (lnc)RNA HAND2‑AS1 inhibits the development of several human malignancies. The role of HAND2‑AS1 was investigated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It was found that levels of HAND2‑AS1 in serum were significantly lower, while serum levels of Rho‑associated protein kinase 2 (ROCK2) in HCC patients were significantly increased compared with hepatitis B (HB) patients and healthy controls. Decreased HAND2‑AS1 levels distinguished HCC patients but not HB patients from healthy controls. A significant negative correlation between HAND2‑AS1 and ROCK2 was found in HCC patients but not in HB patients or healthy controls. HAND2‑AS1 overexpression inhibited, while ROCK2 overexpression promoted HCC cell migration, proliferation and invasion. HAND2‑AS1 overexpression led to downregulated ROCK2 expression. ROCK2 overexpression did not significantly affect ROCK2 expression but attenuated the inhibitory effects of HAND2‑AS1 overexpression. It was therefore concluded that HAND2‑AS1 might mediate the downregulation of ROCK2 in HCC to inhibit cancer cell migration, proliferation and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijing Jiang
- Department of ICU, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R. China
| | - Yunfen He
- Nursing Department, Minhang District Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Shanghai Minhang, Shanghai 201102, P.R. China
| | - Guofeng Shen
- Department of ICU, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R. China
| | - Jindi Ni
- Department of ICU, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R. China
| | - Zhuye Xia
- Department of ICU, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R. China
| | - Hongjie Liu
- Department of ICU, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R. China
| | - Yunshan Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR. China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of ICU, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R. China
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13
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Deng X, Yi X, Deng J, Zou Y, Wang S, Shan W, Liu P, Zhang Z, Chen L, Hao L. ROCK2 promotes osteosarcoma growth and metastasis by modifying PFKFB3 ubiquitination and degradation. Exp Cell Res 2019; 385:111689. [PMID: 31678169 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.111689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Rho-associated coiled-coil-containing protein kinase 2 (ROCK2) and 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3) are widely involved in cell biological activities and play a key role in controlling various cell phenomena. However, the underlying mechanisms connecting ROCK2 and PFKFB3 in osteosarcoma growth and metastasis are poorly understood. In this study, we explored and analysed the role and molecular mechanism of ROCK2 and PFKFB3 in osteosarcoma. We analysed ROCK2 and PFKFB3 protein expression in 51 surgical specimens from osteosarcoma patients and determined the correlation between ROCK2 and PFKFB3. In addition, we used Transwell and wound-healing assays to detect cell invasion and migration and CCK8 and EdU assays to assess cell proliferation. Herein, we confirmed that ROCK2 and PFKFB3 proteins were significantly upregulated in osteosarcoma compared with adjacent normal tissues. Further studies revealed that knockdown of ROCK2 significantly decreased the expression levels of PFKFB3; moreover, growth and metastasis were decreased in shROCK2 osteosarcoma cells. Additionally, upregulation of PFKFB3 rescued the decreased proliferation and metastasis induced by ROCK2 knockdown, whereas knockdown of PFKFB3 decreased ROCK2-enhanced osteosarcoma proliferation and metastasis. These results suggest that PFKFB3 is essential for ROCK2-mediated proliferation and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells. Mechanistically, ROCK2 stabilizes PFKFB3 expression by modifying its ubiquitination and degradation. Taken together, our results link two drivers of proliferation and metastasis in osteosarcoma and identify a novel pathway for PFKFB3 regulation. Thus, we provide new evidence of the biological and clinical significance of PFKFB3 as a potential biomarker for osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqiang Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China; Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xuan Yi
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China; Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianyong Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China; Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yeqin Zou
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wenhao Shan
- Department of Orthopedics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhibin Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Leifeng Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
| | - Liang Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
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14
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Zheng S, Wu H, Wang F, Lv J, Lu J, Fang Q, Wang F, Lu Y, Zhang S, Xu Y, Bao Q, Xie C, Yin Z. The oncoprotein HBXIP facilitates metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by activation of MMP15 expression. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:4529-4540. [PMID: 31191014 PMCID: PMC6529033 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s198783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Due to the high recurrence and metastasis rate, the clinical outcomes of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are still unsatisfactory. Hepatitis B virus X-interacting protein (HBXIP) has been reported to play crucial roles in carcinogenesis. Purpose: We aimed to reveal the functional significance and underlying mechanism of HBXIP in HCC metastasis.
Methods: Cell transwell assay, in vivo metastasis model, real-time PCR, western blot analysis, luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were applied. Results: Here, we detected the HBXIP expression level and determined its clinical significance in HCC. We found that HBXIP was significantly upregulated in HCC tissues, and correlated with vascular invasion, tumor metastasis and worse prognosis of HCC patients. HBXIP enhanced cell migration and invasion in vitro, and promoted the metastasis of HCC in vivo. Furthermore, we confirmed that HBXIP increased MMP15 expression through association with proto-oncogene c-myc. Depletion of c-myc abolished HBXIP-mediated MMP-15 upregulation. We also observed a positive correlation between HBXIP and MMP15 expression in HCC tissues. Conclusion: Our results establish a novel function for HBXIP-MMP15 regulation in HCC metastasis and suggest its candidacy as a new prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for HCC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Xiamen 361004, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Huita Wu
- Department of Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Xiamen 361004, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Lv
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Xiamen 361004, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Xiamen 361004, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinliang Fang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Xiamen 361004, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuqiang Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Xiamen 361004, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuyan Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Xiamen 361004, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Xiamen 361004, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaping Xu
- Key laboratory of functional and clinical translational medicine, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361004, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Bao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Xiamen 361004, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengrong Xie
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Xiamen 361004, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu Yin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Xiamen 361004, Fujian, People's Republic of China
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15
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Niu Y, Tang G. miR-185-5p targets ROCK2 and inhibits cell migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:5087-5093. [PMID: 31105794 PMCID: PMC6507519 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies demonstrated microRNA-185 (miR-185) as a tumor suppressive microRNA (miRNA) in various types of cancer. The current study aimed to verify this finding in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and explored the downstream channel of miR-185-5p. We detected miR-185-5p and Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2 (ROCK2) mRNA and protein levels by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blotting in HCC tissues and cell lines. Luciferase reporter assay proved the direct relationship between miR-185-5p and ROCK2. Cell migration and invasion were assessed via Transwell assay. miR-185-5p level was reduced in HCC tissues and cell lines. miR-185-5p overexpression impeded migration and invasion of HCC cells. Moreover, miR-185-5p directly targeted ROCK2 which was repressed by miR-185-5p in HCC. In addition, ROCK2 contributed to cell metastasis of HCC. In summary, miR-185-5p inhibited cell metastasis of HCC by suppressing ROCK2. The novel miR-185/ROCK2 axis shows potential in improving the therapies of HCC and enhancing HCC survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexiang Niu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276400, P.R. China
| | - Gongen Tang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276400, P.R. China
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16
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Wang B, Liu M, Song Y, Li C, Zhang S, Ma L. KLF2 Inhibits the Migration and Invasion of Prostate Cancer Cells by Downregulating MMP2. Am J Mens Health 2018; 13:1557988318816907. [PMID: 30520325 PMCID: PMC6775556 DOI: 10.1177/1557988318816907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
KLF2, a member of the Kruppel-like factor (KLF) family, is thought to be a tumor suppressor in many kinds of malignant tumors. Its functions in prostate cancer (PCa) are unknown. This study aimed to explore the role of KLF2 in the migration and invasion of PCa cells. The expression of KLF2 was measured by immunohistochemistry in PCa tissues and in paired non-tumor tissues. KLF2 and MMP2 expression in cells was measured by Western blot and RT-qPCR. Adenoviruses and siRNAs were used in cell function tests to investigate the role of KLF2 in regulating MMP2. Interactions between KLF2 and MMP2 were analyzed by a luciferase activity assay. The present study, for the first time, identified that KLF2 was downregulated both in PCa clinical tissue samples and in cancer cell lines. The overexpression of KLF2 inhibited the migration and invasion of PCa cells via the suppression of MMP2.This study demonstrates that KLF2 might act as a tumor suppressor gene in PCa and that the pharmaceutical upregulation of KLF2 may be a potential approach for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binshuai Wang
- 1 Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyuan Liu
- 2 Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yimeng Song
- 1 Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Changying Li
- 3 Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shudong Zhang
- 1 Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lulin Ma
- 1 Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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17
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Zhang W, Xiang M, Zheng C, Chen L, Ge J, Yan C, Liu X. [Eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1A1 positively regulates NOB1 expression to promote invasion and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2018; 38:1195-1202. [PMID: 30377124 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-4254.2018.10.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the role of eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1A1 (eEF1A1) in regulating the invasion and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and the possible mechanism. METHODS qRT-PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of eEF1A1 and NOB1 in different HCC cell lines and normal liver cells. The invasion and migration abilities of HCC cells with eEF1A1 knockdown or overexpression were examined using Transwell chamber assay and RTCA assay, and the changes in NOB1 mRNA and protein expressions in the cells were detected. The effects of increasing NOB1 expression in HCCLM3-sheEF1A1 cells and decreasing NOB1 expression in eEF1A1-overexpressing MHCC97h cells on eEF1A1 expression and cell invasion and migration abilities were analyzed using Western blotting, Transwell chamber assay and RTCA assay. RESULTS The expressions of eEF1A1 and NOB1 were significantly increased in positive correlation in HCC cells as compared with normal hepatocytes. Knockdown of eEF1A1 significantly decreased the invasion and migration of HCC cells and reduced the mRNA and protein expression of NOB1 (P < 0.01). Overexpression of eEF1A1 significantly enhanced invasion and migration of HCC cells and increased NOB1 mRNA and protein expressions (P < 0.01). Increasing NOB1 expression in HCCLM3-sheEF1A1 cells led to the restoration of NOB1 expression and cell invasion and migration abilities (P < 0.01), whereas decreasing NOB1 in MHCC97h-eEF1A1 cells resulted in inhibition of NOB1 expression and cell invasion and migration (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS eEF1A1 positively regulates the expression of NOB1 to promote the invasion and migration of HCC cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenming Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Mingfeng Xiang
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Chuqian Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Leifeng Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Jin Ge
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Chen Yan
- Department of Rheumatology, 4Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Xiuxia Liu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
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18
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Min J, Feng Q, Liao W, Liang Y, Gong C, Li E, He W, Yuan R, Wu L. IFITM3 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma invasion and metastasis by regulating MMP9 through p38/MAPK signaling. FEBS Open Bio 2018; 8:1299-1311. [PMID: 30087833 PMCID: PMC6070650 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3) has been shown to be overexpressed in multiple cancers. However, the role of IFITM3 in metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still poorly understood. In this study, we showed that IFITM3 was frequently overexpressed in HCC tissues compared with adjacent nontumor tissues. Overexpression of IFITM3 was significantly correlated with tumor metastasis and poor prognosis in HCC. Knockdown of IFITM3 dramatically decreased MMP9 expression and inhibited the invasion and metastasis of HCC in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the upregulation of MMP9 rescued the decreased migration and invasion induced by the knockdown of IFITM3, whereas the knockdown of MMP9 decreased IFITM3-enhanced HCC migration and invasion. Mechanistically, we found that IFITM3 regulates MMP9 expression through the p38/MAPK pathway. Taken together, we identified a novel IFITM3-p38/MAPK-MMP9 regulatory circuitry, the dysfunction of which drives invasive and metastatic character in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Min
- Department of General Surgerythe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityChina
| | - Qian Feng
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicinethe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityChina
| | - Wenjun Liao
- Department of General Surgerythe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityChina
| | - Yiming Liang
- Department of General Surgerythe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityChina
| | - Chengwu Gong
- Department of General Surgerythe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityChina
| | - Enliang Li
- Department of General Surgerythe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityChina
| | - Wenfeng He
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular MedicineNanchangChina
| | - Rongfa Yuan
- Department of General Surgerythe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityChina
| | - Linquan Wu
- Department of General Surgerythe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityChina
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19
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Zheng Y, Xiang L, Chen M, Xiang C. MicroRNA‑130a inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasive ability of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by downregulating Rho‑kinase 2. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:3077-3084. [PMID: 30015839 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA‑130a (miR‑130a) has been reported to be downregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the roles and underlying tumor‑suppressive mechanisms of miR‑130a in the pathogenesis of HCC remain unclear. In the current study, reduced expression of miR‑130a was observed in tumor tissues of patients with HCC in addition to in four HCC cell lines, BEL‑7402, MHCC97H, HepG2 and Huh7. Results of methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assays identified decreased growth rates of MHCC97H and HepG2 cells transfected with miR‑130a mimics. The in vitro colony formation assays demonstrated that the number of colonies formed by cells transfected with miR‑130a mimics and cells transfected with miR‑130a inhibitors was lower and higher, respectively, than that formed by the cells transfected with miR‑negative control. In addition, it was identified that overexpression of miR‑130a reduced the migration and invasiveness of MHCC97H and HepG2 cells. Luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that miR‑130a directly targeted the 3'‑untranslated region of Rho‑kinase 2 (ROCK2) mRNA. Northern and western blot analyses indicated that miR‑130a could modulate the mRNA and protein expression of ROCK2. Additionally, small‑interfering RNA‑mediated knockdown of ROCK2 decreased the proliferation, migration and invasiveness of MHCC97H and HepG2 cells. Overall, these observation suggest that miR‑130a is a regulator of ROCK2 and can inhibit proliferation, migration and invasive ability of HCC cells, at least in part, by suppressing the expression of ROCK2. The current study provides further insight into the molecular mechanisms of HCC pathogenesis and suggests a new potential biotarget for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansong Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, P.R. China
| | - Liangguang Xiang
- Department of General Surgery, Fuqing City Hospital, Fuqing, Fujian 350300, P.R. China
| | - Mingliu Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, P.R. China
| | - Chunhui Xiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Central Hospital of Enshi Autonomy State, Enshi, Hubei 445000, P.R. China
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20
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Yi H, Wang K, Jin H, Su J, Zou Y, Li Q, He L, Liu X, Du B. Overexpression of Rho-Associated Coiled-Coil Containing Protein Kinase 2 Is Correlated with Clinical Progression and Poor Prognosis in Breast Cancer. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:4776-4781. [PMID: 29990315 PMCID: PMC6069530 DOI: 10.12659/msm.908507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinases 2 (ROCK2) is one of the best characterized targets for the small GTPase Rho. It has been reported that ROCK2 is critical for cancer cell migration and invasion. The objective of this study was to investigate the association of ROCK2 expression with clinicopathological features and overall survival of breast cancer patients. Material/Methods The expression of ROCK2 in breast cancer and paired adjacent normal tissues was detected and compared by immunohistochemical staining of tissue array. ROCK2 mRNA expression and clinicopathological information was extracted from the TCGA breast cancer dataset. The association of ROCK2 expression with the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with breast cancer was evaluated using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models. Overall survival was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results Immunohistochemistry showed that ROCK2 expression was significantly higher in tumor tissues than in paired adjacent normal tissues [immunoreactivity score (IRS): tumor, 5.25±2.10, n=40 vs. adjacent normal 3.83±1.06, n=40, P<0.01]. The IRS was correlated to breast cancer staging. Similarly, the mRNA level of ROCK2 was correlated to tumor stage. Notably, ROCK2 mRNA expression (hazard ratio [HR] 1.665 and 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.115–2.488, P=0.013) were also associated with overall survival in a multivariate analysis. Conclusions Upregulation of ROCK2 was associated with the progression of breast cancer. High expression of ROCK2 may predict poor overall survival rates for breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Yi
- Department of Pathology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Pathology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - He Jin
- Department of Pathology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Junfang Su
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Yidan Zou
- Research Center for Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Qiao Li
- Research Center for Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Lina He
- Research Center for Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong
| | - Biaoyan Du
- Department of Pathology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
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Zheng H, Ke X, Li D, Wang Q, Wang J, Liu X, Deng M, Deng X, Xue Y, Zhu Y, Wang Q. NEDD4 promotes cell growth and motility in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Cycle 2018; 17:728-738. [PMID: 29480061 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2018.1440879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related death worldwide. In China, the situation is even worse as cancer incidence and mortality continue to increase rapidly. Although tremendous progress has been made toward HCC treatments, the benefits for liver cancer patients are still limited. Therefore, it is necessary to identify and develop novel therapeutic methods. Neuronally expressed developmentally downregulated 4 (NEDD4), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, plays a critical role in the development and progression of various types of human cancers. In our study, NEDD4 acts as an oncoprotein in both QGY7703 and SMMC7721 liver cancer cell lines. We found that depletion of NEDD4 by siRNA transfection led to inhibition of cell growth, invasion and migration, and promotion of apoptosis. In contrast, overexpression of NEDD4 via plasmid transfection resulted in facilitated cell proliferation, invasion and migration, and decreased apoptosis. Importantly, we observed that tumor suppressor LATS1, also a core component of Hippo pathway, was negatively regulated by NEDD4 in liver cancer cells. Our findings suggested that NEDD4 may be involved in the HCC progression via regulating LATS1 associated signaling pathway. Therefore, targeting NEDD4-LATS1 signaling could be a potential therapeutic option for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailun Zheng
- a Department of Gastroenterology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College , Bengbu , Anhui 233004 , P.R. China
| | - Xiquan Ke
- a Department of Gastroenterology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College , Bengbu , Anhui 233004 , P.R. China
| | - Dapeng Li
- a Department of Gastroenterology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College , Bengbu , Anhui 233004 , P.R. China
| | - Qiangwu Wang
- a Department of Gastroenterology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College , Bengbu , Anhui 233004 , P.R. China
| | - Jianchao Wang
- a Department of Gastroenterology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College , Bengbu , Anhui 233004 , P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyang Liu
- a Department of Gastroenterology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College , Bengbu , Anhui 233004 , P.R. China
| | - Min Deng
- a Department of Gastroenterology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College , Bengbu , Anhui 233004 , P.R. China
| | - Xiaojing Deng
- a Department of Gastroenterology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College , Bengbu , Anhui 233004 , P.R. China
| | - Yongju Xue
- a Department of Gastroenterology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College , Bengbu , Anhui 233004 , P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhu
- a Department of Gastroenterology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College , Bengbu , Anhui 233004 , P.R. China
| | - Qizhi Wang
- a Department of Gastroenterology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College , Bengbu , Anhui 233004 , P.R. China
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22
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Zheng H, Ke X, Li D, Wang Q, Wang J, Liu X, Deng M, Deng X, Xue Y, Zhu Y, Wang Q. NEDD4 promotes cell growth and motility in hepatocellular carcinoma. CELL CYCLE (GEORGETOWN, TEX.) 2018. [PMID: 29480061 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2018.1440879.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related death worldwide. In China, the situation is even worse as cancer incidence and mortality continue to increase rapidly. Although tremendous progress has been made toward HCC treatments, the benefits for liver cancer patients are still limited. Therefore, it is necessary to identify and develop novel therapeutic methods. Neuronally expressed developmentally downregulated 4 (NEDD4), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, plays a critical role in the development and progression of various types of human cancers. In our study, NEDD4 acts as an oncoprotein in both QGY7703 and SMMC7721 liver cancer cell lines. We found that depletion of NEDD4 by siRNA transfection led to inhibition of cell growth, invasion and migration, and promotion of apoptosis. In contrast, overexpression of NEDD4 via plasmid transfection resulted in facilitated cell proliferation, invasion and migration, and decreased apoptosis. Importantly, we observed that tumor suppressor LATS1, also a core component of Hippo pathway, was negatively regulated by NEDD4 in liver cancer cells. Our findings suggested that NEDD4 may be involved in the HCC progression via regulating LATS1 associated signaling pathway. Therefore, targeting NEDD4-LATS1 signaling could be a potential therapeutic option for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailun Zheng
- a Department of Gastroenterology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College , Bengbu , Anhui 233004 , P.R. China
| | - Xiquan Ke
- a Department of Gastroenterology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College , Bengbu , Anhui 233004 , P.R. China
| | - Dapeng Li
- a Department of Gastroenterology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College , Bengbu , Anhui 233004 , P.R. China
| | - Qiangwu Wang
- a Department of Gastroenterology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College , Bengbu , Anhui 233004 , P.R. China
| | - Jianchao Wang
- a Department of Gastroenterology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College , Bengbu , Anhui 233004 , P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyang Liu
- a Department of Gastroenterology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College , Bengbu , Anhui 233004 , P.R. China
| | - Min Deng
- a Department of Gastroenterology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College , Bengbu , Anhui 233004 , P.R. China
| | - Xiaojing Deng
- a Department of Gastroenterology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College , Bengbu , Anhui 233004 , P.R. China
| | - Yongju Xue
- a Department of Gastroenterology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College , Bengbu , Anhui 233004 , P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhu
- a Department of Gastroenterology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College , Bengbu , Anhui 233004 , P.R. China
| | - Qizhi Wang
- a Department of Gastroenterology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College , Bengbu , Anhui 233004 , P.R. China
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Lin X, Chang W, Wang Y, Tian M, Yu Z. SRPX2, an independent prognostic marker, promotes cell migration and invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 93:398-405. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.06.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 06/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Kim KM, Park SH, Bae JS, Noh SJ, Tao GZ, Kim JR, Kwon KS, Park HS, Park BH, Lee H, Chung MJ, Moon WS, Sylvester KG, Jang KY. FAM83H is involved in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma and is regulated by MYC. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3274. [PMID: 28607447 PMCID: PMC5468291 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03639-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, the roles of FAM83H in tumorigenesis have been interested and increased expression of FAM83H and MYC in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been reported. Therefore, we investigated the expression and role of FAM83H in 163 human HCCs and further investigated the relationship between FAM83H and oncogene MYC. The expression of FAM83H is elevated in liver cancer cells, and nuclear expression of FAM83H predicted shorter survival of HCC patients. In HLE and HepG2 HCC cells, knock-down of FAM83H inhibited proliferation and invasive activity of HCC cells. FAM83H induced expression of cyclin-D1, cyclin-E1, snail and MMP2 and inhibited the expression of P53 and P27. In hepatic tumor cells derived from Tet-O-MYC mice, the expression of mRNA and protein of FAM83H were dependent on MYC expression. Moreover, a chromatin immunoprecipitation assay demonstrated that MYC binds to the promotor of FAM83H and that MYC promotes the transcription of FAM83H, which was supported by the results of a dual-luciferase reporter assay. In conclusion, we present an oncogenic role of FAM83H in liver cancer, which is closely associated with the oncogene MYC. In addition, our results suggest FAM83H expression as a poor prognostic indicator of HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Min Kim
- Department of Pathology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - See-Hyoung Park
- Department of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Sang Bae
- Department of Pathology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Jae Noh
- Forensic Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Guo-Zhong Tao
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Jung Ryul Kim
- Orthopedic Surgery, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Sang Kwon
- Preventive Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Sung Park
- Department of Pathology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Hyun Park
- Biochemistry, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Lee
- Forensic Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung Ja Chung
- Department of Pathology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Sung Moon
- Department of Pathology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Karl G Sylvester
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Kyu Yun Jang
- Department of Pathology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Tonon F, Zennaro C, Dapas B, Carraro M, Mariotti M, Grassi G. Rapid and cost-effective xenograft hepatocellular carcinoma model in Zebrafish for drug testing. Int J Pharm 2016; 515:583-591. [PMID: 27989824 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.10.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We developed a novel, rapid and cost-effective Zebrafish xenograft model of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) for drug screening in the disease. Following injection into the yolk sack of Zebrafish larvae of the human HCC cell line JHH6 stained by a vital dye, tumor mass growth was followed by fluorescence microscopy and by human Ki67 quantification. Tumor induced neo-angiogenesis was evaluated by alkaline phosphatase staining of the vessels, by using the Tg(fli1:EGFP)y1 strain of Zebrafish and by the quantification of the zebrafish vascular endothelial growth factor and of its receptor. We show that it is feasible to micro-inject JHH6 in Zebrafish larvae, that injected cells can grow for different days and that this induces a marked neo-angiogenesis. Finally, we show that our model allows testing the effects of anti-HCC drugs such as Bortezomib. Compared to more complex HCC mouse models, our model is far less expensive, faster to set up and does not need immunosuppressant treatment. Finally, the model makes use of JHH6, an aggressive form of HCC cell line never tested before in Zebrafish. In conclusion, the possibility to test anti HCC/neo-angiogenesis drugs makes our JHH6 model useful to select therapeutic molecules for a highly vascularized tumor such as HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Tonon
- Department of Medical, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Hospital, Italy
| | - Cristina Zennaro
- Department of Medical, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Hospital, Italy
| | - Barbara Dapas
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Italy
| | - Michele Carraro
- Department of Medical, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Hospital, Italy
| | - Massimo Mariotti
- IRCCS Galeazzi Orthopedic Institute Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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26
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Rock2 promotes RCC proliferation by decreasing SCARA5 expression through β-catenin/TCF4 signaling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 480:586-593. [PMID: 27793664 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.10.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Rho-associated coiled-coil forming protein kinase 2 (Rock2), as a key effector of the small GTPase RhoA, is involved in tumor development. Scavenger receptor class A member 5 (SCARA5) is an important regulator of biological processes in cancer cells. However, the roles and relationship of Rock2 and SCARA5 in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remain unclear. In this study, we found that Rock2 expression was markedly increased in clinical RCC tissues compared with that in adjacent non-cancerous tissues. High expression of Rock2 was inversely correlated with patient survival in RCC, which indicated that Rock2 may be a prognostic marker in human RCC. In addition, Rock2 knockdown increased SCARA5 expression and suppressed RCC cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we found that the β-catenin/TCF4 pathway contributed to the effect of Rock2 on SCARA5-mediated RCC proliferation. Taken together, these results suggest that this newly identified Rock2-β-catenin/TCF4-SCARA5 axis will provide novel insight into the understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of proliferation in human RCC.
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27
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Phosphorylation of nucleophosmin at threonine 234/237 is associated with HCC metastasis. Oncotarget 2016; 6:43483-95. [PMID: 26536659 PMCID: PMC4791245 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is frequently complicated by the occurrence of intrahepatic and extrahepatic metastases, leading to poor prognosis. To improve the prognosis for HCC patients, there is an urgent need to understand the molecular mechanisms of metastasis in HCC. Since protein Serine/Threonine phosphorylation emerges to be an important posttranslational modification critical in signaling process associated with cell proliferation, survival and metastasis, we employed a pair of primary tumor-derived and corresponding lung-metastatic counterparts (PLC/PRF/5-PT and PLC/PRF/5-LM) and aimed to identify these changes using CelluSpot™ Serine/Threonine kinase peptide array. Upon analysis, we found phosphorylated level of nucleophosmin (NPM) at Threonine 234/237 (p-NPM-Thr234/237) had remarkably high level in metastatic HCC cells (PLC-LM) than the corresponding primary HCC cell line (PLC-PT). Similar observation was observed in another match primary and their metastatic counterparts (MHCC-97L and MHCC-97H). By immunohistochemical staining, p-NPM-Thr234/237 was consistently found to be preferentially expressed in metastatic HCCs when compared with primary HCC in 28 HCC cases (p < 0.0001). By overexpressing Flag-tagged NPM and its phosphorylation site mutant (Thr234/237A) into low p-NPM-Thr234/237 expressing cells (Hep3B and Huh7) using a lentiviral based approach, we demonstrated that p-NPM-Thr234/237 is critical in invasion and migration of HCC cells, and this effect was mediated by cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1). Wild-type NPM was found to physically interact with a metastatic gene, ROCK2, and defective in Thr234/237 phosphorylation decreased its binding affinity, resulting in decrease in ROCK2 mediated signaling pathway. Identification of CDK1/p-NPM/ROCK2 signaling pathway provides a novel target for molecular therapy against HCC metastasis.
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Liu W, Wang J, Wang L, Qian C, Qian Y, Xuan H, Zhuo W, Li X, Yu J, Si J. Ras-association domain family 10 acts as a novel tumor suppressor through modulating MMP2 in hepatocarcinoma. Oncogenesis 2016; 5:e237. [PMID: 27348267 PMCID: PMC4945738 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2016.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ras-Association Domain Family 10 (RASSF10) is the last identified member of the RASSF family. The functional characteristics of this new gene in human cancers remain largely unclear. Here, we examined RASSF10 for the biological functions and related molecular mechanisms in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We found that RASSF10 is expressed in normal human liver tissue, but is silenced or down-regulated in 62.5% (5/8) of HCC cell lines. The mean expression level of RASSF10 was significantly lower in primary HCCs compared with their adjacent normal tissues (P<0.005, n=52). The promoter methylation contributes to the inactivation of RASSF10 as demonstrated by bisulfite genomic sequencing and demethylation treatment analyses. Transgenic expression of RASSF10 in silenced HCC cell lines suppressed cell viability, colony formation and inhibited tumor growth in nude mice (QGY7703, P<0.01; HepG2, P<0.05). Furthermore, RASSF10 was shown to induce the cell accumulation in G1 phase with the increase of p27, as well as the decrease of cyclinD1 and CDK2/CDK4. Over-expression of RASSF10 also inhibited HCC cells migration (P<0.01) or invasion (P<0.05). Adhesion genes array revealed that Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) was a downstream effector of RASSF10. RASSF10 acting as a tumor suppressor to inhibit HCC invasion partially mediated by Focal Adhesion Kinase or p38 MAPK to decrease the accumulation of MMP2. Our study suggests that RASSF10 acts as a tumor suppressor for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - J Wang
- Postgraduate at Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University; The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan, Hangzhou, China
| | - L Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - C Qian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Y Qian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - H Xuan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - W Zhuo
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - X Li
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - J Yu
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - J Si
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Han Y, Wang H, Huang Y, Cheng Z, Sun T, Chen G, Xie X, Zhou Y, Du Z. Isolation and characteristics of CD133‑/A2B5+ and CD133‑/A2B5‑ cells from the SHG139s cell line. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:7949-56. [PMID: 26498168 PMCID: PMC4758283 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In glioma tissues, there are small cell populations with the capability of sustaining tumor formation. These cells are referred to as glioma stem cells (GSCs). However, the presence of subpopulations of GSCs, and the differences between each subpopulation remain to be fully elucidated. In the present study, CD133‑/A2B5‑ and CD133‑/A2B5+ cells from the SHG139 GSC cell line (SHG139s) were isolated using magnetic‑activated cell sorting. Following xenografting into nude mice, the two isolated subpopulations generated tumors. The characteristics of the two subpopulations were investigated extensively, and it was found that the two exhibited cancer stem cell characteristics. These cells expressed stem cell markers, exhibited a neurosphere‑like appearance, and were found to exhibit self‑renewal and multipotency capabilities. Subsequently, the self‑renewal and proliferation abilities of the two subpopulations were compared. It was found that the A2B5‑ cells had a higher proliferative index and a higher self‑renewal ability, compared with the A2B5+ cells. In addition, the A2B5‑ cells exhibited increased angiogenic ability. However, the invasion ability of the A2B5+ cells was higher than that of the A2B5‑ cells. Taken together, the results of the present study suggested that there are different cell subpopulations in GSCs, and each subpopulation has its own properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Han
- Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Hangzhou Wang
- Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Yulun Huang
- Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Cheng
- Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Ting Sun
- Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Guilin Chen
- Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Xueshun Xie
- Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Youxin Zhou
- Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Ziwei Du
- Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
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Rock2 stabilizes β-catenin to promote tumor invasion and metastasis in colorectal cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 467:629-37. [PMID: 26505794 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.10.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Rho-associated coiled-coil-containing protein kinase 2 (Rock2) is an effector for the small GTPase Rho and plays an important role in tumor progression and metastasis. However, the effect of Rock2 in colorectal cancer (CRC) still remains unclear. In this study, we found that Rock2 expression was markedly increased in clinical CRC tissues compared with adjacent non-cancerous tissues. High expression of Rock2 was correlated with tumor metastasis and poor prognosis in CRC. In addition, the knockdown of Rock2 suppressed the invasion and metastasis of CRC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we found that the β-catenin/TCF4 pathway contributed to the effects of Rock2 in CRC cells, and Rock2 stabilized β-catenin by preventing its ubiquitination and degradation. Taken together, this novel pathway for β-catenin control plays a biologically relevant role in CRC metastasis.
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31
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Zhou J, Li W, Guo J, Li G, Chen F, Zhou J. Downregulation of miR-329 promotes cell invasion by regulating BRD4 and predicts poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:3561-9. [PMID: 26456956 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4109-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that abnormal microRNA (miRNA) expression is related to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development. Our study aimed to elucidate the essential role of miR-329 in HCC progression. Real-time PCR was used to analyze miR-329 and bromodomain containing 4 (BRD4) expression in HCC samples (n = 135). Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and flow cytometric analysis were used to investigate cell proliferation and apoptosis. The transwell assay was used to examine the cell invasive ability. The regulation mechanism was confirmed by luciferase reporter and western blot assays. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to detect the function of miR-329 on the prognosis of HCC patients. miR-329 was decreased in HCC samples and was related to tumor development. Furthermore, miR-329 significantly regulated cell invasion by targeting BRD4 but had no effect on cell proliferation and apoptosis. Moreover, downregulation of miR-329 predicted poor prognosis of HCC patients. miR-329 could control cell invasion via regulating BRD4 expression and may be a prognostic marker in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Yixing, 214200, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiling Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Yixing, 214200, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfeng Guo
- Department of B-Ultrasound Room, Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Yixing, 214200, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of B-Ultrasound Room, Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Yixing, 214200, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Chen
- Department of Operating Theater, Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Yixing, 214200, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangang Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic, Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Yixing, 214200, People's Republic of China.
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32
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Musumeci G, Magro G, Cardile V, Coco M, Marzagalli R, Castrogiovanni P, Imbesi R, Graziano ACE, Barone F, Di Rosa M, Castorina S, Castorina A. Characterization of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9, ADAM-10 and N-cadherin expression in human glioblastoma multiforme. Cell Tissue Res 2015; 362:45-60. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-015-2197-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Li M, Zhou W, Yuan R, Chen L, Liu T, Huang D, Hao L, Xie Y, Shao J. ROCK2 promotes HCC proliferation by CEBPD inhibition through phospho-GSK3β/β-catenin signaling. FEBS Lett 2015; 589:1018-25. [PMID: 25771860 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Rho-associated kinase 2 (Rock2) is known to promote tumorigenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein delta (CEBPD) functions as a tumor suppressor. In this study, we found that the expression of Rock2 and CEBPD are inversely correlated. Knockdown of Rock2 increased CEBPD expression and inhibited the proliferation of HCC cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we found that Rock2 regulates CEBPD expression through the p-GSK3β/β-catenin pathway. Taken together, we identified a novel Rock2-p-GSK3β/β-catenin-CEBPD regulatory circuitry, the dysfunction of which may contribute to the tumorigenic characteristic of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jiangxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Nanchang 330029, China
| | - Rongfa Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; Jiangxi Province Engineering Research Center of Hepatobiliary Disease, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Leifeng Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Tiande Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; Jiangxi Province Engineering Research Center of Hepatobiliary Disease, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Da Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Liang Hao
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yuancai Xie
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Jiangxi Province 34100 China
| | - Jianghua Shao
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; Jiangxi Province Engineering Research Center of Hepatobiliary Disease, Nanchang 330006, China; Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China.
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