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Cheng B, Yang R, Xu H, Wang L, Jiang N, Song T, Dong C. Peripheral Blood miRNA Expression in Patients with Essential Hypertension in the Han Chinese Population in Hefei, China. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-024-10867-6. [PMID: 38907084 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-024-10867-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Primary hypertension is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. However, the pathogenesis of primary hypertension involves multiple biological processes, including the nervous system, circulatory system, endocrine system, and more. Despite extensive research, there is no clear understanding of the regulatory mechanism underlying its pathogenesis. In recent years, miRNAs have gained attention as a regulatory factor capable of modulating the expression of related molecules through gene silencing. Therefore, exploring differentially expressed miRNAs in patients with essential hypertension (EH) may offer a novel approach for future diagnosis and treatment of EH. This study included a total of twenty Han Chinese population samples from Hefei, China. The samples consisted of 10 healthy individuals and 10 patients with EH. Statistical analysis was conducted to analyze the general information of the two-sample groups. High-throughput sequencing and base identification were performed to obtain the original sequencing sequences. These sequences were then annotated using various databases including Rfam, cDNA sequences, species repetitive sequences library, and miRBase database. The number of miRNA species contained in the samples was measured. Next, TPM values were calculated to determine the expression level of each miRNA. The bioinformatics of the differentiated miRNAs were analyzed using the OECloud tool, and RPM values were calculated. Furthermore, the reliability of the expression was analyzed by calculating the area under the Roc curve using the OECloud tools. Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences between the two samples in terms of age distribution, gender composition, smoking history, and alcohol consumption history (P > 0.05). However, there was a notable presence of family genetic history and high BMI in the EH population (P < 0.05). The sequencing results identified a total of 245 miRNAs, out of which 16 miRNAs exhibited differential expression. Among the highly expressed miRNAs were let-7d-5p, miR-101-3p, miR-122-5p, miR-122b-3p, miR-192-5p, and miR-6722-3p. On the other hand, the lowly expressed miRNAs included miR-103a-3p, miR-16-5p, miR-181a-2-3p, miR-200a-3p, miR-200b-3p, miR-200c-3p, miR-221-3p, miR-30d-5p, miR-342-5p, and miR-543. This study initially identified 16 miRNAs that are aberrantly expressed and function in various processes associated with the onset and progression of essential hypertension. These miRNAs have the potential to be targeted for future diagnosis and treatment of EH. However, further samples are required to provide additional support for this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Cheng
- Department of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Ronglu Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Hui Xu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Tingting Song
- The First Clinical Medical School, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.
| | - Changwu Dong
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.
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Zhang Y, Zhan L, Jiang X, Tang X. Comprehensive review for non-coding RNAs: From mechanisms to therapeutic applications. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 224:116218. [PMID: 38643906 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are an assorted collection of transcripts that are not translated into proteins. Since their discovery, ncRNAs have gained prominence as crucial regulators of various biological functions across diverse cell types and tissues, and their abnormal functioning has been implicated in disease. Notably, extensive research has focused on the relationship between microRNAs (miRNAs) and human cancers, although other types of ncRNAs, such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are also emerging as significant contributors to human disease. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of our current knowledge regarding the roles of miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs in cancer and other major human diseases, particularly cancer, cardiovascular, neurological, and infectious diseases. Moreover, we discuss the potential utilization of ncRNAs as disease biomarkers and as targets for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- YanJun Zhang
- College of Pharmacy and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu College of Nursing, Huaian, Jiangsu, 223005, China
| | - Lijuan Zhan
- College of Pharmacy and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu College of Nursing, Huaian, Jiangsu, 223005, China
| | - Xue Jiang
- College of Pharmacy and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu College of Nursing, Huaian, Jiangsu, 223005, China.
| | - Xiaozhu Tang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Liu J, Meng L, Liu Z, Lu M, Wang R. Identification of HDAC9 and ARRDC4 as potential biomarkers and targets for treatment of type 2 diabetes. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7083. [PMID: 38528189 PMCID: PMC10963792 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57794-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
We aimed to identify the key potential insulin resistance (IR)-related genes and investigate their correlation with immune cell infiltration in type 2 diabetes (T2D). The GSE78721 dataset (68 diabetic patients and 62 controls) was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and utilized for single-sample gene set enrichment analysis. IR-related genes were obtained from the Comparative Toxicology Genetics Database, and the final IR-differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened by intersecting with the DEGs obtained from the GSE78721 datasets. Functional enrichment analysis was performed, and the networks of the target gene with microRNA, transcription factor, and drug were constructed. Hub genes were identified based on a protein-protein interaction network. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression and Random Forest and Boruta analysis were combined to screen diagnostic biomarkers in T2D, which were validated using the GSE76894 (19 diabetic patients and 84 controls) and GSE9006 (12 diabetic patients and 24 controls) datasets. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to validate the biomarker expression in IR mice and control mice. In addition, infiltration of immune cells in T2D and their correlation with the identified markers were computed using CIBERSORT. We identified differential immune gene set regulatory T-cells in the GSE78721 dataset, and T2D samples were assigned into three clusters based on immune infiltration. A total of 2094 IR-DEGs were primarily enriched in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress. Importantly, HDAC9 and ARRDC4 were identified as markers of T2D and associated with different levels of immune cell infiltration. HDAC9 mRNA level were higher in the IR mice than in control mice, while ARRDC4 showed the opposite trend. In summary, we discovered potential vital biomarkers that contribute to immune cell infiltration associated with IR, which offers a new sight of immunotherapy for T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Endocrinology Department, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingzhen Meng
- General Medical Department, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.12 Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihong Liu
- Endocrinology Department, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ming Lu
- Medical Department, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiying Wang
- Endocrinology Department, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, People's Republic of China
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Tan YM, Cao LY, Jiao YQ, Han L, Tang MX, Wang ZH, Zhang W, Zhong M, Zhang L. Inhibition of miR-543 alleviates cardiac fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transformation and collagen expression in insulin resistance via targeting PTEN. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2023; 576:111996. [PMID: 37406985 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2023.111996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial interstitial fibrosis is an important manifestation of diabetic heart disease, and insulin resistance is one of the mechanisms of myocardial interstitial fibrosis. Some studies have found that miR-543 is associated with insulin resistance, but whether it plays a role in diabetic myocardial interstitial fibrosis remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of miR-543 in diabetic myocardial interstitial fibrosis. METHODS The combination of high glucose and high insulin was used to establish an insulin-resistant myocardial fibroblast model. The expression levels of miR-543, α-SMA, collagen Ⅰ, collagen Ⅲ and PTEN were detected. Cell proliferation and migration were detected. Luciferase reporter gene assay was used to verify the targeting relationship between miR-543 and PTEN. RESULTS The expression of miR-543 was up-regulated in myocardial fibroblasts with insulin resistance, which was consistent with the results of bioinformatics analysis. The proliferation and migration levels of myocardial fibroblasts in insulin-resistant states were increased, and the expression levels of α-SMA, collagen Ⅰ and collagen Ⅲ were also increased. Inhibition of miR-543 expression could reverse the above changes. Target gene prediction and dual luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that miR-543 could bind to the 3'UTR region of PTEN. Moreover, the effect of miR-543 on insulin-resistant myocardial fibroblasts is mediated by targeting PTEN. CONCLUSIONS Inhibition of miR-543 can reduce myocardial fibroblast-myofibroblast transformation and collagen expression in insulin-resistant states by targeting PTEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Min Tan
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China; School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China; Institute of Large-scale Scientific Facility and Centre for Zero Magnetic Field Science, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Lu-Ying Cao
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Ya-Qiong Jiao
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Lu Han
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China; Department of General Practice, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Meng-Xiong Tang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China; Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Zhi-Hao Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China; Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University; Shandong Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Ming Zhong
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
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Scheper M, Iyer A, Anink JJ, Mesarosova L, Mills JD, Aronica E. Dysregulation of miR-543 in Parkinson's disease: Impact on the neuroprotective gene SIRT1. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2023; 49:e12864. [PMID: 36352829 PMCID: PMC10100056 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive and age-dependent neurodegenerative disease characterised clinically by a variety of motor symptoms and cognitive impairment. PD was initially considered to be a grey matter disease; however, recently, evidence has emerged that white matter changes in PD precede the neuronal loss seen in the grey matter. The cause of these initial white matter changes is yet to be elucidated. Here, we explored whether dysregulated miRNAs and their target mRNA could provide insight into the underlying mechanisms of early white matter changes in PD. METHODS We analysed the expression of miRNAs in three different stages of PD through RNA-sequencing and validated the differential expression of miRNAs through quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. With bioinformatic analyses, we predicted target genes of dysregulated miRNAs and investigated their biomarker potential. Finally, in vitro, we confirmed the targetting of the gene SIRT1 by miR-543. RESULTS We identified 12 dysregulated miRNAs in PD and found that miR-543 holds potential as a biomarker for late-stage PD with dementia. We report upregulation of miR-543 in early PD white matter tissue and downregulation of SIRT1. In vitro experiments showed that the upregulation of miR-543 results in the downregulation of SIRT1 in the white matter, but not in the grey matter. CONCLUSIONS We validated SIRT1 as a target of miR-543 in the brain and showed its function as a potential biomarker. Our results highlight the idea that dysregulation of miR-543 in early PD white matter, resulting in the dysregulation of SIRT1, potentially influencing the early white matter changes observed in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirte Scheper
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anand Iyer
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jasper J Anink
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lucia Mesarosova
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - James D Mills
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eleonora Aronica
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Šimonienė D, Stukas D, Daukša A, Veličkienė D. Clinical Role of Serum miR-107 in Type 2 Diabetes and Related Risk Factors. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12040558. [PMID: 35454146 PMCID: PMC9027608 DOI: 10.3390/biom12040558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: As the diagnostic and treatment options for diabetes improve, more attention nowadays is being paid to the exact identification of the etiopathological mechanism of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Insulin resistance (IR) is a pathogenetic background for T2DM. Several studies demonstrate that miRNAs play an important role in systemic inflammation and thus in T2DM pathogenesis. Overexpression of miR-107 may cause an imbalance of glucose homeostasis, obesity, and dyslipidemia, by regulating insulin sensitivity through the insulin signaling pathway. Methods: 53 patients with T2DM and 54 nondiabetic patients were involved in the study. This study aimed to examine whether miR-107 expression in the serum of patients with diabetes was different from the control group (non-diabetic) and whether miR-107 expression correlated with lipid levels, BMI, and other factors, and finally, with insulin resistance in general. Results: miR-107 expression was higher in the T2DM group than in the control group (1.33 versus 0.63 (p = 0.016). In general, miR-107 expression was directly and positively associated with BMI (r = 0.3, p = 0.01), age (r = 0.3, p = 0.004), and male gender (p = 0.006). Moreover, miR-107 was related to dyslipidemia: Patients with higher miR-107 levels had lower HDL levels (in the control group: r = −0.262, p = 0.022 vs. diabetic group: r = −0.315, p = 0.007). Finally, the overexpression of miR-107 was associated with higher HOMA-IR in the diabetic group (r = 0.373, p = 0.035). Conclusion: MiR-107 expression is higher among diabetic patients than that of nondiabetic control subjects. Higher miR-107 levels are also related to dyslipidemia (lower HDL levels)—in the general cohort and non-diabetic subjects. Moreover, higher miR-107 expression is related to insulin resistance in the diabetic group. In general, higher miR-107 expression levels are related to a higher BMI, older age, and the male gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Šimonienė
- Department of Endocrinology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences (LUHS), 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +370-6-8979121
| | - Darius Stukas
- Laboratory of Surgical Gastroenterology, Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences (LUHS), 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (D.S.); (A.D.)
| | - Albertas Daukša
- Laboratory of Surgical Gastroenterology, Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences (LUHS), 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (D.S.); (A.D.)
- Department of Surgery, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences (LUHS), 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Džilda Veličkienė
- Department of Endocrinology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences (LUHS), 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania;
- Institute of Endocrinology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences (LUHS), 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
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MiR-125b-2 knockout increases high-fat diet-induced fat accumulation and insulin resistance. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21969. [PMID: 33319811 PMCID: PMC7738482 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77714-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Obese individuals are more susceptible to comorbidities than individuals of healthy weight, including cardiovascular disease and metabolic disorders. MicroRNAs are a class of small and noncoding RNAs that are implicated in the regulation of chronic human diseases. We previously reported that miR-125b plays a critical role in adipogenesis in vitro. However, the involvement of miR-125b-2 in fat metabolism in vivo remains unknown. In the present study, miR-125b-2 knockout mice were generated using CRISPR/CAS9 technology, resulting in mice with a 7 bp deletion in the seed sequence of miR-125b-2. MiR-125b-2 knockout increased the weight of liver tissue, epididymal white fat and inguinal white fat. MiR-125b-2 knockout also increased adipocyte volume in HFD-induced obese mice, while there were no significant differences in body weight and feed intake versus mice fed a normal diet. Additionally, qRT-PCR and western blot analysis revealed that the expression of the miR-125b-2 target gene SCD-1 and fat synthesis-associated genes, such as PPARγ and C/EBPα, were significantly up-regulated in miR-125b-2KO mice (P < 0.05). Moreover, miR-125b-2KO altered HFD-induced changes in glucose tolerance and insulin resistance. In conclusion, we show that miR-125b-2 is a novel potential target for regulating fat accumulation, and also a candidate target to develop novel treatment strategies for obesity and diabetes.
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Kaur P, Kotru S, Singh S, Behera BS, Munshi A. Role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of T2DM, insulin secretion, insulin resistance, and β cell dysfunction: the story so far. J Physiol Biochem 2020; 76:485-502. [PMID: 32749641 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-020-00760-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes, the most common endocrine disorder, also known as a silent killer disease, is characterized by uncontrolled hyperglycemia. According to the International Diabetes Federation, there were 451 million people with diabetes mellitus worldwide in 2017. It is a multifactorial syndrome caused by genetic as well as environmental factors. Noncoding RNAs, especially the miRNAs, play a significant role in the development as well as the progression of the disease. This is on account of insulin resistance or defects in β cell function. Various miRNAs including miR-7, miR-9, miR-16, miR-27, miR-24, miR-29, miR-124a, miR-135, miR-130a, miR-144, miR-181a, and miR-375 and many more have been associated with insulin resistance and other pathogenic conditions leading to the development of the disease. These miRNAs play significant roles in various pathways underlying insulin resistance such as PI3K, AKT/GSK, and mTOR. The main target genes of these miRNAs are FOXO1, FOXA2, STAT3, and PTEN. The miRNAs carry out important functions in insulin target tissues like the adipose tissue, liver, and muscle. MiRNAs miR-9, miR-375, and miR-124a, are also associated with the secretion of insulin from pancreatic cells. There is an interplay between the miRNAs and pancreatic cell growth, especially the miRNAs affecting development and proliferation of these cells. Most of the miRNAs target more than one gene which not only justifies their use as biomarkers but also their therapeutic potential. The current review has been compiled with an aim to discuss the role of various miRNAs involved in various pathogenic mechanisms including insulin resistance, insulin secretion, and the β cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhsimran Kaur
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, India
| | - Sushil Kotru
- Max Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity Care Centre, Max Superspeciality Hospital, Bathinda, 151001, India
| | - Sandeep Singh
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, India
| | - Bidwan Sekhar Behera
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, India
| | - Anjana Munshi
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, India.
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Zhou C, Zhao X, Duan S. The role of miR-543 in human cancerous and noncancerous diseases. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:15-26. [PMID: 32542683 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) is a noncoding single-stranded RNA molecule that can regulate the posttranscriptional expression level of a gene by binding to the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of the target messenger RNA. miR-543 is a kind of miRNA, which plays an important role in the occurrence and development of various human cancerous and noncancerous diseases. miR-543 directly or indirectly regulates a large number of downstream target genes and plays an important role in cellular components, biological processes, and molecular functions. In addition, many studies have verified the regulatory mechanism, physiological role, biological function, and prognostic value of miR-543. Therefore, this article reviews the papers published in the past decade and elaborates on the research progress of miR-543 from the aspects of physiology and pathology, especially in cancerous and other noncancerous diseases. In particular, we pay attention to the expression patterns, direct targets, biological functions, related pathways, and prognostic value of miR-543 reported in experimental articles. And by comparing similar research articles, we point out existing controversies in this field to date, so as to facilitate further research in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Zhou
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shiwei Duan
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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Zhao Q, Gu Y, Wei Y, Liu Y, Yu X, Qiao H. Screening and identification of circulating miRNA molecular markers in T2DM based on molecular network. J Diabetes Complications 2020; 34:107443. [PMID: 32253156 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2019.107443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes has become one of the most serious diseases impairing people's life. Circulating miRNAs, involved in the development and progression of type 2 diabetes via different mechanisms, are considered a molecular marker for patients with type 2 diabetes. Based on the expression data of miRNAs in type 2 diabetes from the GEO database, our study screen out 5 differentially expressed candidate miRNAs through the interaction network between miRNAs and target genes and the protein interaction network (PPI) with random walk algorithm. Clinical newly diagnosed diabetic blood was recruited for further PCR experiments. Finally, miR-543 was significantly different, and its expression was up-regulated. miR-543 may become a new marker to bring forth innovation in individualized treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingsong Zhao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China; The Forth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yue Gu
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yanjun Wei
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yang Liu
- The Forth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xiaoguang Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Hong Qiao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China.
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Cheng F, Yuan G, He J, Shao Y, Zhang J, Guo X. Aberrant expression of miR-214 is associated with obesity-induced insulin resistance as a biomarker and therapeutic. Diagn Pathol 2020; 15:18. [PMID: 32093712 PMCID: PMC7041268 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-019-0914-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin resistance (IR) in obesity is associated with the occurrence of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Dipepidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) plays a pivotal role during the development of IR, and was found to be a target gene of microRNA-214 (miR-214) in our study. This study sought to assess the expression and clinical value of miR-214 in obese patients with IR, and investigate its therapeutic potential in obese rats and adipocytes with IR. METHODS Serum expression of miR-214 in obese patients with or without IR was estimated by quantitative real-time-PCR. A receiver operating characteristic curve was plotted to evaluate the diagnostic value of miR-214 in the patients. Obesity-induced IR animal and cell models were constructed, and the therapeutic ability of miR-214 was explored. RESULTS Serum expression of miR-214 was decreased in obese patients compared with the healthy controls, and the lowest expression was observed in the cases with IR. Downregulation of miR-214 was significantly correlated with the serum DPP4 levels and HOMA-IR of the patients upon IR conditions, and was demonstrated to perform diagnostic accuracy for distinguishing obese patients with IR from those without IR. In obesity-associated IR animal and cell models, the downregulation of miR-214 was also been detected. According to the measurement of glucose and insulin tolerance and glucose uptake abilities, we found that the overexpression of miR-214 could be used to alleviate IR in the IR models, especially when collaboratively used with DPP4 inhibitor vildagliptin. CONCLUSION All data revealed that miR-214, as a regulator of DPP4, is decreased in obese patients with IR and may serve as a diagnostic biomarker. The upregulation of miR-214 could improve IR in obese rats and adipocytes, indicating that miR-214 has the therapeutic potential for obesity and IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangxiao Cheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Geheng Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China.
| | - Jiao He
- Department of Endocrinology, Baoding First Central Hispital, Baoding, 071000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yimin Shao
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Junqing Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Xiaohui Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China.
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12
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Xia K, Zhang Y, Sun D. miR‑217 and miR‑543 downregulation mitigates inflammatory response and myocardial injury in children with viral myocarditis by regulating the SIRT1/AMPK/NF‑κB signaling pathway. Int J Mol Med 2019; 45:634-646. [PMID: 31894309 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression levels and roles of microRNA (miR)‑217 and miR‑543 in viral myocarditis, and to examine their underlying mechanisms. Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) was used to establish in vivo and in vitro models of viral myocarditis. The levels of miR‑217 and miR‑543 were detected using reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR. The association between miR‑217 and miR‑543 and sirtuin‑1 (SIRT1) was predicted and confirmed by TargetScan and dual‑luciferase reporter assay. Cell viability was detected using Cell Counting Kit‑8 assay, and cell apoptosis was measured by analyzing the expression levels of Bcl‑2 and Bax, and by flow cytometry. In addition, the synthesis of various pro‑inflammatory factors was determined by ELISA. In addition, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured in cardiomyocytes following transfection and CVB infection. miR‑217 and miR‑543 were found to be highly expressed in the peripheral blood of pediatric patients with viral myocarditis, in the peripheral blood and myocardial tissues of viral myocarditis mice and in CVB3‑infected cardiomyocytes. SIRT1 was found to be a target of both miR‑217 and miR‑543, and SIRT1 expression level was downregulated in viral myocarditis. Further analysis indicated that the reduced cell viability, increased cell apoptosis, enhanced synthesis of inflammatory factors, increased MDA content and decreased SOD activity associated with myocarditis were significantly reversed after inhibition of miR‑217 or miR‑543. Importantly, the present results showed that all the effects of miR‑217 and miR‑543 inhibition on cardiomyocytes were significantly suppressed following SIRT1 knockdown. Collectively, the present data indicated that miR‑217 and miR‑543 were significantly upregulated in viral myocarditis, and downregulation of miR‑217 and miR‑543 attenuated CVB3 infection‑induced cardiomyocyte injury by targeting SIRT1. miR‑217 and miR‑543 may be potential therapeutic targets for developing novel viral myocarditis treatments in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Xia
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430019, P.R China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430019, P.R China
| | - Dongming Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430019, P.R China
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13
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He X, Gao J, Hou H, Qi Z, Chen H, Zhang XX. Inhibition of Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Oxidation Contributes to Development of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Induced by Environmental Cadmium Exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:13992-14000. [PMID: 31682409 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b05131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most prevalent toxic metal pollutants widely distributed in water and soil environments. Epidemiological studies have shown that exposure to Cd is implicated in the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in middle-aged human population, but biological evidence is lacking and its toxicological mechanism remains unclear for the disease predisposition from environmental Cd exposure. In this study, we established a chronic Cd-exposure mouse model mimicking the liver Cd deposition in middle-aged human population to determine whether the environmental Cd exposure can induce NAFLD. Results showed that hepatic Cd burden at levels of 0.95 and 6.04 μg/g wet weight resulting from 20-week Cd exposure at different doses induced NAFLD and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-like phenotypes in mice, respectively. The Cd exposure caused marked hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction and fatty acid oxidation deficiency, along with significant suppression of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) signaling pathway in the liver. In vitro study confirmed that Cd evidently inhibited the mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation in hepatocytes and that SIRT1 signaling was potentially involved in the process. Our findings suggest that exposure to environmental Cd is a tangible risk factor for NAFLD, and the induced public health risks deserve greater attention.
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14
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Miao C, Chang J, Zhang G. Recent research progress of microRNAs in hypertension pathogenesis, with a focus on the roles of miRNAs in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Mol Biol Rep 2018; 45:2883-2896. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-018-4335-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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15
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Fiorillo AA, Tully CB, Damsker JM, Nagaraju K, Hoffman EP, Heier CR. Muscle miRNAome shows suppression of chronic inflammatory miRNAs with both prednisone and vamorolone. Physiol Genomics 2018; 50:735-745. [PMID: 29883261 PMCID: PMC6172612 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00134.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Corticosteroids are highly prescribed and effective anti-inflammatory drugs but the burden of side effects with chronic use significantly detracts from patient quality of life, particularly in children. Developing safer steroids amenable to long-term use is an important goal for treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). We have developed vamorolone (VBP15), a first-in-class dissociative glucocorticoid receptor (GR) ligand that shows the anti-inflammatory efficacy of corticosteroids without key steroid side effects in animal models. miRNAs are increasingly recognized as key regulators of inflammatory responses. To define effects of prednisolone and vamorolone on the muscle miRNAome, we performed a preclinical discovery study in the mdx mouse model of DMD. miRNAs associated with inflammation were highly elevated in mdx muscle. Both vamorolone and prednisolone returned these toward wild-type levels (miR-142-5p, miR-142-3p, miR-146a, miR-301a, miR-324-3p, miR-455-5p, miR-455-3p, miR-497, miR-652). Effects of vamorolone were largely limited to reduction of proinflammatory miRNAs. In contrast, prednisolone activated a separate group of miRNAs associated with steroid side effects and a noncoding RNA cluster homologous to human chromosome 14q32. Effects were validated for inflammatory miRNAs in a second, independent preclinical study. For the anti-inflammatory miRNA signature, bioinformatic analyses showed all of these miRNAs are directly regulated by, or in turn activate, the inflammatory transcription factor NF-κB. Moving forward miR-146a and miR-142 are of particular interest as biomarkers or novel drug targets. These data validate NF-κB signaling as a target of dissociative GR-ligand efficacy in vivo and provide new insight into miRNA signaling in chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyson A Fiorillo
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Medical Center , Washington, District of Columbia.,Department of Genomics and Precision Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences , Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Christopher B Tully
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Medical Center , Washington, District of Columbia
| | | | - Kanneboyina Nagaraju
- ReveraGen BioPharma, Incorporated, Rockville, Maryland.,School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binghamton University, State University of New York , Binghamton, New York
| | - Eric P Hoffman
- ReveraGen BioPharma, Incorporated, Rockville, Maryland.,School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binghamton University, State University of New York , Binghamton, New York
| | - Christopher R Heier
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Medical Center , Washington, District of Columbia.,Department of Genomics and Precision Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences , Washington, District of Columbia
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16
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Luan B, Sun C. MiR-138-5p affects insulin resistance to regulate type 2 diabetes progression through inducing autophagy in HepG2 cells by regulating SIRT1. Nutr Res 2018; 59:90-98. [PMID: 30442237 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) is considered as a major factor of type 2 diabetes (T2D), which is seriously detrimental to human health. In our present study, we found that the expression of miR-138-5p was increased in the insulin-resistant HepG2 cells induced by TNF-α. Therefore, we hypothesized that miR-138-5p might play a regulatory role in the IR. To examine this hypothesis, HepG2 cells were transfected with miR-138-5p inhibitor. Silencing of miR-138-5p increased glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis of TNF-α-stimulated HepG2 cells and decreased glucose concentration in medium, suggesting that downregulation of miR-138-5p suppressed IR in HepG2 cells. Besides that, we found that sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) was the target gene of the miR-138-5p. Moreover, co-transfection with SIRT1-siRNA and miR-138-5p inhibitor suppressed glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis of HepG2 cells compared with miR-138-5p inhibitor-transfected group, indicating that downregulation of SIRT1 weakened the inhibitory effect of miR-138-5p inhibitor on IR. In addition, overexpressed SIRT1 increased Beclin1, LC3 II/I level, and the number of GFP-LC3 dots and decreased p62 level, whereas downregulation of SIRT1 had the opposite effects. Our results demonstrated that overexpressed SIRT1 activated autophagy in HepG2 cells. Moreover, we observed that 3-methyladenine (an inhibitor of autophagy) treatment decreased the high glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis of miR-138-5p inhibitor-transfected HepG2 cells, suggesting that the inhibition of autophagy abolished the inhibitory effect of miR-138-5p inhibitor on IR in HepG2 cells. Taken together, this study suggested that miR-138-5p contributed to the TNF-α-induced IR, possibly through inducing autophagy in HepG2 cells by regulating SIRT1. MiR-138-5p might be a potential and promising target for the treatment of IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingguo Luan
- Department of Endocrinology and metabolism, Yantaishan Hospital of Yantai, Shandong, 264000, China.
| | - Caixia Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and metabolism, Yantaishan Hospital of Yantai, Shandong, 264000, China
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17
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Wang CC, Ying L, Barnes EA, Adams ES, Kim FY, Engel KW, Alvira CM, Cornfield DN. Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell HIF-1α regulates endothelin expression via microRNA-543. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2018; 315:L422-L431. [PMID: 29745253 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00475.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) express endothelin (ET-1), which modulates the pulmonary vascular response to hypoxia. Although cross-talk between hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), an O2-sensitive transcription factor, and ET-1 is established, the cell-specific relationship between HIF-1α and ET-1 expression remains incompletely understood. We tested the hypotheses that in PASMCs 1) HIF-1α expression constrains ET-1 expression, and 2) a specific microRNA (miRNA) links HIF-1α and ET-1 expression. In human (h)PASMCs, depletion of HIF-1α with siRNA increased ET-1 expression at both the mRNA and protein levels ( P < 0.01). In HIF-1α-/- murine PASMCs, ET-1 gene and protein expression was increased ( P < 0.0001) compared with HIF-1α+/+ cells. miRNA profiles were screened in hPASMCs transfected with siRNA-HIF-1α, and RNA hybridization was performed on the Agilent (Santa Clara, CA) human miRNA microarray. With HIF-1α depletion, miRNA-543 increased 2.4-fold ( P < 0.01). In hPASMCs, miRNA-543 overexpression increased ET-1 gene ( P < 0.01) and protein ( P < 0.01) expression, decreased TWIST gene expression ( P < 0.05), and increased ET-1 gene and protein expression, compared with nontargeting controls ( P < 0.01). Moreover, we evaluated low passage hPASMCs from control and patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH). Compared with controls, protein expression of HIF-1α and Twist-related protein-1 (TWIST1) was decreased ( P < 0.05), and miRNA-543 and ET-1 expression increased ( P < 0.001) in hPASMCs from patients with IPAH. Thus, in PASMCs, loss of HIF-1α increases miRNA-543, which decreases Twist expression, leading to an increase in PASMC ET-1 expression. This previously undescribed link between HIF-1α and ET-1 via miRNA-543 mediated Twist suppression represents another layer of molecular regulation that might determine pulmonary vascular tone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Chia Wang
- Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford University Medical School , Stanford, California.,Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Children Hospital, National Taiwan University Medical College , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Lihua Ying
- Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford University Medical School , Stanford, California.,Division of Pulmonary, Asthma and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University Medical School , Stanford, California
| | - Elizabeth A Barnes
- Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford University Medical School , Stanford, California.,Division of Pulmonary, Asthma and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University Medical School , Stanford, California
| | - Eloa S Adams
- Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford University Medical School , Stanford, California.,Kaiser Oakland, Oakland, California
| | - Francis Y Kim
- Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford University Medical School , Stanford, California.,Milwaukee Children's Hospital, Medical College of Wisconsin , Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Karl W Engel
- Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford University Medical School , Stanford, California
| | - Cristina M Alvira
- Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford University Medical School , Stanford, California.,Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University Medical School , Stanford, California
| | - David N Cornfield
- Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford University Medical School , Stanford, California.,Division of Pulmonary, Asthma and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University Medical School , Stanford, California.,Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University Medical School , Stanford, California
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18
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Integrated regulatory network reveals novel candidate regulators in the development of negative energy balance in cattle. Animal 2017; 12:1196-1207. [PMID: 29282162 DOI: 10.1017/s1751731117003524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Negative energy balance (NEB) is an altered metabolic state in modern high-yielding dairy cows. This metabolic state occurs in the early postpartum period when energy demands for milk production and maintenance exceed that of energy intake. Negative energy balance or poor adaptation to this metabolic state has important effects on the liver and can lead to metabolic disorders and reduced fertility. The roles of regulatory factors, including transcription factors (TFs) and micro RNAs (miRNAs) have often been separately studied for evaluating of NEB. However, adaptive response to NEB is controlled by complex gene networks and still not fully understood. In this study, we aimed to discover the integrated gene regulatory networks involved in NEB development in liver tissue. We downloaded data sets including mRNA and miRNA expression profiles related to three and four cows with severe and moderate NEB, respectively. Our method integrated two independent types of information: module inference network by TFs, miRNAs and mRNA expression profiles (RNA-seq data) and computational target predictions. In total, 176 modules were predicted by using gene expression data and 64 miRNAs and 63 TFs were assigned to these modules. By using our integrated computational approach, we identified 13 TF-module and 19 miRNA-module interactions. Most of these modules were associated with liver metabolic processes as well as immune and stress responses, which might play crucial roles in NEB development. Literature survey results also showed that several regulators and gene targets have already been characterized as important factors in liver metabolic processes. These results provided novel insights into regulatory mechanisms at the TF and miRNA levels during NEB. In addition, the method described in this study seems to be applicable to construct integrated regulatory networks for different diseases or disorders.
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19
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Shivakumar M, Lee Y, Bang L, Garg T, Sohn KA, Kim D. Identification of epigenetic interactions between miRNA and DNA methylation associated with gene expression as potential prognostic markers in bladder cancer. BMC Med Genomics 2017; 10:30. [PMID: 28589857 PMCID: PMC5461531 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-017-0269-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background One of the fundamental challenges in cancer is to detect the regulators of gene expression changes during cancer progression. Through transcriptional silencing of critical cancer-related genes, epigenetic change such as DNA methylation plays a crucial role in cancer. In addition, miRNA, another major component of epigenome, is also a regulator at the post-transcriptional levels that modulate transcriptome changes. However, a mechanistic role of synergistic interactions between DNA methylation and miRNA as epigenetic regulators on transcriptomic changes and its association with clinical outcomes such as survival have remained largely unexplored in cancer. Methods In this study, we propose an integrative framework to identify epigenetic interactions between methylation and miRNA associated with transcriptomic changes. To test the utility of the proposed framework, the bladder cancer data set, including DNA methylation, miRNA expression, and gene expression data, from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was analyzed for this study. Results First, we found 120 genes associated with interactions between the two epigenomic components. Then, 11 significant epigenetic interactions between miRNA and methylation, which target E2F3, CCND1, UTP6, CDADC1, SLC35E3, METRNL, TPCN2, NACC2, VGLL4, and PTEN, were found to be associated with survival. To this end, exploration of TCGA bladder cancer data identified epigenetic interactions that are associated with survival as potential prognostic markers in bladder cancer. Conclusions Given the importance and prevalence of these interactions of epigenetic events in bladder cancer it is timely to understand further how different epigenetic components interact and influence each other. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12920-017-0269-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manu Shivakumar
- Biomedical & Translational Informatics Institute, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Younghee Lee
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Lisa Bang
- Biomedical & Translational Informatics Institute, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Tullika Garg
- Mowad Urology Department, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Kyung-Ah Sohn
- Department of Software and Computer Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea.
| | - Dokyoon Kim
- Biomedical & Translational Informatics Institute, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA, USA. .,The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
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20
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Feng J, Xing W, Xie L. Regulatory Roles of MicroRNAs in Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1729. [PMID: 27763497 PMCID: PMC5085760 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17101729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 10/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of endogenous small noncoding RNAs in eukaryotes, have been recognized as significant regulators of gene expression through post-transcriptional mechanisms. To date, >2000 miRNAs have been identified in the human genome, and they orchestrate a variety of biological and pathological processes. Disruption of miRNA levels correlates with many diseases, including diabetes mellitus, a complex multifactorial metabolic disorder affecting >400 million people worldwide. miRNAs are involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus by affecting pancreatic β-cell functions, insulin resistance, or both. In this review, we summarize the investigations of the regulatory roles of important miRNAs in diabetes, as well as the potential of circulating miRNAs as diagnostic markers for diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Feng
- Medical Systems Biology Research Center, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Wanli Xing
- Medical Systems Biology Research Center, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Lan Xie
- Medical Systems Biology Research Center, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, Beijing 102206, China.
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