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Kumar V, Yochum ZA, Devadassan P, Huang EHB, Miller E, Baruwal R, Rumde PH, GaitherDavis AL, Stabile LP, Burns TF. TWIST1 is a critical downstream target of the HGF/MET pathway and is required for MET driven acquired resistance in oncogene driven lung cancer. Oncogene 2024; 43:1431-1444. [PMID: 38485737 PMCID: PMC11068584 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-02987-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
MET amplification/mutations are important targetable oncogenic drivers in NSCLC, however, acquired resistance is inevitable and the majority of patients with targetable MET alterations fail to respond to MET tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Furthermore, MET amplification is among the most common mediators of TKI resistance. As such, novel therapies to target MET pathway and overcome MET TKI resistance are clearly needed. Here we show that the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) transcription factor, TWIST1 is a key downstream mediator of HGF/MET induced resistance through suppression of p27 and targeting TWIST1 can overcome resistance. We found that TWIST1 is overexpressed at the time of TKI resistance in multiple MET-dependent TKI acquired resistance PDX models. We have shown for the first time that MET directly stabilized the TWIST protein leading to TKI resistance and that TWIST1 was required for MET-driven lung tumorigenesis as well as could induce MET TKI resistance when overexpressed. TWIST1 mediated MET TKI resistance through suppression of p27 expression and genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of TWIST1 overcame TKI resistance in vitro and in vivo. Our findings suggest that targeting TWIST1 may be an effective therapeutic strategy to overcome resistance in MET-driven NSCLC as well as in other oncogene driven subtypes in which MET amplification is the resistance mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Kumar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Zachary A Yochum
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Medical Oncology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Princey Devadassan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Eric H-B Huang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ethan Miller
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Roja Baruwal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Purva H Rumde
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Autumn L GaitherDavis
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Laura P Stabile
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Timothy F Burns
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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2
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Molodtsova D, Guryev DV, Osipov AN. Composition of Conditioned Media from Radioresistant and Chemoresistant Cancer Cells Reveals miRNA and Other Secretory Factors Implicated in the Development of Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16498. [PMID: 38003688 PMCID: PMC10671404 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance to chemo- or radiotherapy is the main obstacle to consistent treatment outcomes in oncology patients. A deeper understanding of the mechanisms driving the development of resistance is required. This review focuses on secretory factors derived from chemo- and radioresistant cancer cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and cancer stem cells (CSCs) that mediate the development of resistance in unexposed cells. The first line of evidence considers the experiments with conditioned media (CM) from chemo- and radioresistant cells, CAFs, MSCs, and CSCs that elevate resistance upon the ionizing radiation or anti-cancer drug exposure of previously untreated cells. The composition of CM revealed factors such as circular RNAs; interleukins; plasminogen activator inhibitor; and oncosome-shuttled lncRNAs, mRNAs, and miRNAs that aid in cellular communication and transmit signals inducing the chemo- and radioresistance of sensitive cancer cells. Data, demonstrating that radioresistant cancer cells become resistant to anti-neoplastic drug exposure and vice versa, are also discussed. The mechanisms driving the development of cross-resistance between chemotherapy and radiotherapy are highlighted. The secretion of resistance-mediating factors to intercellular fluid and blood brings attention to its diagnostic potential. Highly stable serum miRNA candidates were proposed by several studies as prognostic markers of radioresistance; however, clinical studies are needed to validate their utility. The ability to predict a treatment response with the help of the miRNA resistance status database will help with the selection of an effective therapeutic strategy. The possibility of miRNA-based therapy is currently being investigated with ongoing clinical studies, and such approaches can be used to alleviate resistance in oncology patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Molodtsova
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- State Research Center—Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency (SRC—FMBC), 123098 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Denis V. Guryev
- State Research Center—Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency (SRC—FMBC), 123098 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Andreyan N. Osipov
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- State Research Center—Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency (SRC—FMBC), 123098 Moscow, Russia;
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 6 Joliot-Curie St., 141980 Dubna, Russia
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3
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Racherla KS, Dovalovsky K, Patel M, Harper E, Barnard J, Nasifuzzaman SM, Smith M, Sikand R, Drinka E, Puri N. PRMT-1 and p120-Catenin as EMT Mediators in Osimertinib Resistance in NSCLC. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3461. [PMID: 37444572 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Osimertinib, an irreversible tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is a first-line therapy in EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients. Prolonged treatment with Osimertinib leads to resistance due to an acquired C797S mutation in the EGFR domain and other mechanisms, such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In this study, we investigated the role of PRMT-1 and p120-catenin in mediating Osimertinib resistance (OR) through EMT. These studies found upregulation of gene and protein expression of PRMT-1, p120-catenin and Kaiso factor. Knockdown of p120-catenin using siRNA increased OR efficacy by 45% as compared to cells treated with mock siRNA and OR. After 24 h of transfection, the percentage wound closure in cells transfected with p120-catenin siRNA was 26.2%. However, in mock siRNA-treated cells the wound closure was 7.4%, showing its involvement in EMT. We also found high levels of p120-catenin expressed in 30% of smokers as compared to 5.5% and 0% of non-smokers and quit-smokers (respectively) suggesting that smoking may influence p120-catenin expression in NSCLC patients. These results suggest that biomarkers such as PRMT-1 may mediate EMT by methylating Twist-1 and increasing p120-catenin expression, which causes transcriptional activation of genes associated with Kaiso factor to promote EMT in Osimertinib-resistant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavya Sri Racherla
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
| | - Katrina Dovalovsky
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
| | - Meet Patel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
| | - Emma Harper
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
| | - Jacob Barnard
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
| | - S M Nasifuzzaman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
| | - Mason Smith
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
| | - Riya Sikand
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
| | - Eva Drinka
- Department of Pathology, University of Wisconsin Health, Swedish American Hospital, Rockford, IL 61104, USA
| | - Neelu Puri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
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Zhou J, Zhang XC, Xue S, Dai M, Wang Y, Peng X, Chen J, Wang X, Shen Y, Qin H, Chen B, Zheng Y, Gao X, Xie Z, Ding J, Jiang H, Wu YL, Geng M, Ai J. SYK-mediated epithelial cell state is associated with response to c-Met inhibitors in c-Met-overexpressing lung cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:185. [PMID: 37183231 PMCID: PMC10183461 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01403-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomic MET amplification and exon 14 skipping are currently clinically recognized biomarkers for stratifying subsets of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients according to the predicted response to c-Met inhibitors (c-Metis), yet the overall clinical benefit of this strategy is quite limited. Notably, c-Met protein overexpression, which occurs in approximately 20-25% of NSCLC patients, has not yet been clearly defined as a clinically useful biomarker. An optimized strategy for accurately classifying patients with c-Met overexpression for decision-making regarding c-Meti treatment is lacking. Herein, we found that SYK regulates the plasticity of cells in an epithelial state and is associated with their sensitivity to c-Metis both in vitro and in vivo in PDX models with c-Met overexpression regardless of MET gene status. Furthermore, TGF-β1 treatment resulted in SYK transcriptional downregulation, increased Sp1-mediated transcription of FRA1, and restored the mesenchymal state, which conferred resistance to c-Metis. Clinically, a subpopulation of NSCLC patients with c-Met overexpression coupled with SYK overexpression exhibited a high response rate of 73.3% and longer progression-free survival with c-Meti treatment than other patients. SYK negativity coupled with TGF-β1 positivity conferred de novo and acquired resistance. In summary, SYK regulates cell plasticity toward a therapy-sensitive epithelial cell state. Furthermore, our findings showed that SYK overexpression can aid in precisely stratifying NSCLC patients with c-Met overexpression regardless of MET alterations and expand the population predicted to benefit from c-Met-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Zhou
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xu-Chao Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Lung Cancer, Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Shan Xue
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Mengdi Dai
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yueliang Wang
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xia Peng
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jianjiao Chen
- Department of Neurobiology, Brain Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15213, USA
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yanyan Shen
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hui Qin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Bi Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, China
| | - Yu Zheng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Xiwen Gao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201199, China
| | - Zuoquan Xie
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jian Ding
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, P. R. China
| | - Handong Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Yi-Long Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Lung Cancer, Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Meiyu Geng
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China.
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, P. R. China.
| | - Jing Ai
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China.
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, P. R. China.
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5
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Addeo A, Miranda-Morales E, den Hollander P, Friedlaender A, O Sintim H, Wu J, Mani SA, Subbiah V. RET aberrant cancers and RET inhibitor therapies: Current state-of-the-art and future perspectives. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 242:108344. [PMID: 36632846 PMCID: PMC10141525 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Precision oncology informed by genomic information has evolved in leaps and bounds over the last decade. Although non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has moved to center-stage as the poster child of precision oncology, multiple targetable genomic alterations have been identified in various cancer types. RET alterations occur in roughly 2% of all human cancers. The role of RET as oncogenic driver was initially identified in 1985 after the discovery that transfection with human lymphoma DNA transforms NIH-3T3 fibroblasts. Germline RET mutations are causative of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 syndrome, and RET fusions are found in 10-20% of papillary thyroid cases and are detected in most patients with advanced sporadic medullary thyroid cancer. RET fusions are oncogenic drivers in 2% of Non-small cell lung cancer. Rapid translation and regulatory approval of selective RET inhibitors, selpercatinib and pralsetinib, have opened up the field of RET precision oncology. This review provides an update on RET precision oncology from bench to bedside and back. We explore the impact of selective RET inhibitor in patients with advanced NSCLC, thyroid cancer, and other cancers in a tissue-agnostic fashion, resistance mechanisms, and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Addeo
- Oncology Department, University Hospital Geneva (HUG), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ernesto Miranda-Morales
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Petra den Hollander
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA; Legorreta Cancer Center, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Alex Friedlaender
- Oncology Department, University Hospital Geneva (HUG), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Herman O Sintim
- Purdue Institute for Cancer Research, Institute for Drug Discovery and Department of Chemistry, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Jie Wu
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Sendurai A Mani
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA; Legorreta Cancer Center, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Vivek Subbiah
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics(,) Division of Cancer Medicine, Unit 455, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA; Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; MD Anderson Cancer Network, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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6
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Vad-Nielsen J, Staunstrup NH, Kjeldsen ML, Dybdal N, Flandin G, De Stradis C, Daugaard TF, Vilsbøll-Larsen T, Maansson CT, Doktor TK, Sorensen BS, Nielsen AL. Genome-wide epigenetic and mRNA-expression profiling followed by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene-disruptions corroborate the MIR141/MIR200C-ZEB1/ZEB2-FGFR1 axis in acquired EMT-associated EGFR TKI-resistance in NSCLC cells. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2023; 12:42-65. [PMID: 36762066 PMCID: PMC9903082 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-22-507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Background Epithelial-mesenchymal-transition (EMT) is an epigenetic-based mechanism contributing to the acquired treatment resistance against receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells harboring epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutations. Delineating the exact epigenetic and gene-expression alterations in EMT-associated EGFR TKI-resistance (EMT-E-TKI-R) is vital for improved diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC patients. Methods We characterized genome-wide changes in mRNA-expression, DNA-methylation and the histone-modification H3K36me3 in EGFR-mutated NSCLC HCC827 cells in result of acquired EMT-E-TKI-R. CRISPR/Cas9 was used to functional examine key findings from the omics analyses. Results Acquired EMT-E-TKI-R was analyzed with three omics approaches. RNA-sequencing identified 2,233 and 1,972 up- and down-regulated genes, respectively, and among these were established EMT-markers. DNA-methylation EPIC array analyses identified 14,163 and 7,999 hyper- and hypo-methylated, respectively, differential methylated positions of which several were present in EMT-markers. Finally, H3K36me3 chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-sequencing detected 2,873 and 3,836 genes with enrichment and depletion, respectively, and among these were established EMT-markers. Correlation analyses showed that EMT-E-TKI-R mRNA-expression changes correlated better with H3K36me3 changes than with DNA-methylation changes. Moreover, the omics data supported the involvement of the MIR141/MIR200C-ZEB1/ZEB2-FGFR1 signaling axis for acquired EMT-E-TKI-R. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated analyses corroborated the importance of ZEB1 in acquired EMT-E-TKI-R, MIR200C and MIR141 to be in an EMT-E-TKI-R-associated auto-regulatory loop with ZEB1, and FGFR1 to mediate cell survival in EMT-E-TKI-R. Conclusions The current study describes the synchronous genome-wide changes in mRNA-expression, DNA-methylation, and H3K36me3 in NSCLC EMT-E-TKI-R. The omics approaches revealed potential novel diagnostic markers and treatment targets. Besides, the study consolidates the functional impact of the MIR141/MIR200C-ZEB1/ZEB2-FGFR1-signaling axis in NSCLC EMT-E-TKI-R.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nina Dybdal
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | - Christoffer Trier Maansson
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark;,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark;,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Thomas Koed Doktor
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Boe Sandahl Sorensen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark;,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Liu K, Chen X, Wu L, Chen S, Fang N, Cai L, Jia J. ID1 mediates resistance to osimertinib in EGFR T790M-positive non-small cell lung cancer through epithelial-mesenchymal transition. BMC Pulm Med 2021; 21:163. [PMID: 33992097 PMCID: PMC8126145 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-021-01540-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background ID1 is associated with resistance to the first generation of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the effect of ID1 expression on osimertinib resistance in EGFR T790M-positive NSCLC is not clear. Methods We established a drug-resistant cell line, H1975/OR, from the osimertinib-sensitive cell line H1975. Alterations in ID1 protein expression and Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins were detected with western blot analysis. RT-PCR was used to evaluate the differences of gene mRNA levels. ID1 silencing and overexpression were used to investigate the effects of related gene on osimertinib resistance. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) was used to assess the proliferation rate in cells with altered of ID1 expression. Transwell assay was used to evaluate the invasion ability of different cells. The effects on the cell cycle and apoptosis were also compared using flow cytometry. Results In our study, we found that in osimertinib-resistant NSCLC cells, the expression level of the EMT-related protein E-cadherin was lower than that of sensitive cells, while the expression level of ID1 and vimentin were higher than those of sensitive cells. ID1 expression levels was closely related to E-cadherin and vimentin in both osimertinib-sensitive and resistant cells. Alteration of ID1 expression in H1975/OR cells could change the expression of E-cadherin. Downregulating ID1 expression in H1975/OR cells could inhibit cell proliferation, reduce cell invasion, promote cell apoptosis and arrested the cell cycle in the G1/G0 stage phase. Our study suggests that ID1 may induce EMT in EGFR T790M-positive NSCLC, which mediates drug resistance of osimertinib. Conclusions Our study revealed the mechanism of ID1 mediated resistance to osimertinib in EGFR T790M-positive NSCLC through EMT, which may provide new ideas and methods for the treatment of EGFR mutated NSCLC after osimertinib resistance. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12890-021-01540-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kejun Liu
- Dongguan Institute of Clinical Cancer Research, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Xianwen Chen
- Department of Pathology, Gaozhou People's Hospital, Maoming, China
| | - Ligang Wu
- Dongguan Institute of Clinical Cancer Research, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Shiyuan Chen
- Dongguan Institute of Clinical Cancer Research, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Nianxin Fang
- Dongguan Institute of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China.
| | - Limin Cai
- Dongguan Institute of Clinical Cancer Research, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China.
| | - Jun Jia
- Dongguan Institute of Clinical Cancer Research, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China.
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8
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Clement MS, Gammelgaard KR, Nielsen AL, Sorensen BS. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition is a resistance mechanism to sequential MET-TKI treatment of MET-amplified EGFR-TKI resistant non-small cell lung cancer cells. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2020; 9:1904-1914. [PMID: 33209611 PMCID: PMC7653150 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-20-522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Background Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) resistance is a major obstacle in treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). MET amplification drives resistance to EGFR-TKIs in 5-20% of initially sensitive. EGFR mutated NSCLC patients, and combined treatment with EGFR-TKIs and MET-TKIs can overcome this resistance. Yet, inevitably MET-TKI resistance will also occur. Hence, knowledge on development of this sequential resistance is important for identifying the proper next step in treatment. Methods To investigate sequential resistance to MET-TKI treatment, we established a two-step TKI resistance model in EGFR-mutated HCC827 cells with MET amplification-mediated erlotinib resistance. These cells were subsequently treated with increasing doses of the MET-TKIs capmatinib or crizotinib in combination with erlotinib to establish resistance. Results In all the MET-TKI resistant cell lines, we systematically observed epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) evident by decreased expression of E-cadherin and increased expression of vimentin and ZEB1. Furthermore, FGFR1 expression was increased in all MET-TKI resistant cell lines and four out of the six resistant cell lines had increased sensitivity to FGFR inhibition, indicating FGFR1-mediated bypass signaling. Conclusions EMT is common in the development of sequential EGFR-TKI and MET-TKI resistance in NSCLC cells. Our findings contribute to the evidence of EMT as a common TKI resistance mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Boe Sandahl Sorensen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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9
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Luo MS, Huang GJ, Liu HB. An autophagy-related model of 4 key genes for predicting prognosis of patients with laryngeal cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e21163. [PMID: 32791689 PMCID: PMC7386963 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000021163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy, a major cause of cancer-related death, is correlated with the pathogenesis of various diseases including cancers. Our study aimed to develop an autophagy-related model for predicting prognosis of patients with laryngeal cancer.We analyzed the correlation between expression profiles of autophagy-related genes (ARGs) and clinical outcomes in 111 laryngeal cancer patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Afterward, gene functional enrichment analyses of gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were performed to find the major biological attributes. Univariate Cox regression analyses and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to screen ARGs whose expression profiles were significantly associated with laryngeal cancer patients overall survival (OS). Furthermore, to provide the doctors and patients with a quantitative method to perform an individualized survival prediction, we constructed a prognostic nomogram.Thirty eight differentially expressed ARGs were screened out in laryngeal cancer patients through the TCGA database. Related functional enrichments may act as tumor-suppressive roles in the tumorigenesis of laryngeal cancer. Subsequently, 4 key prognostic ARGs (IKBKB, ST13, TSC2, and MAP2K7) were identified from all ARGs by the Cox regression model, which significantly correlated with OS in laryngeal cancer. Furthermore, the risk score was constructed, which significantly divided laryngeal cancer patients into high- and low-risk groups. Integrated with clinical characteristics, gender, N and the risk score are very likely associated with patients OS. A prognostic nomogram of ARGs was constructed using the Cox regression model.Our study could provide a valuable prognostic model for predicting the prognosis of laryngeal cancer patients and a new understanding of autophagy in laryngeal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Si Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province
| | - Guan-Jiang Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province
| | - Hong-Bing Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-head and neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University. No 1, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
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10
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Kim SC, Boggu PR, Yu HN, Ki SY, Jung JM, Kim YS, Park GM, Ma SH, Kim IS, Jung YH. Synthesis and biological evaluation of quinoxaline derivatives as specific c-Met kinase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127189. [PMID: 32371098 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel quinoxaline derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory activity against c-Met kinase enzyme. Most of the tested compounds exhibited potent inhibitory activity. All the synthesized quinoxaline compounds were further examined against c-Met overexpressed human gastric cancer cell line (MKN-45), which showed good inhibitory activity. Among the synthesized compounds, compound 4 exhibited better tumor growth inhibition in the animal model study; we also confirmed its acceptable drug property and highly selective target activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Chan Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; R&D Center, CJ HealthCare Corporation, Icheon 17389, Republic of Korea
| | - Pulla Reddy Boggu
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Na Yu
- R&D Center, CJ HealthCare Corporation, Icheon 17389, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Ki
- R&D Center, CJ HealthCare Corporation, Icheon 17389, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Min Jung
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Su Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi Min Park
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ho Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - In Su Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hoon Jung
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Tripathi SK, Pandey K, Rengasamy KRR, Biswal BK. Recent updates on the resistance mechanisms to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors and resistance reversion strategies in lung cancer. Med Res Rev 2020; 40:2132-2176. [PMID: 32596830 DOI: 10.1002/med.21700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) have led to a substantial improvement in the prognosis of lung cancer patients by explicitly targeting the activating mutations within the EGFR. Initially, patients harboring tumors with EGFR mutations show progression-free survival and improvement in the response rates toward all-generation EGFR-TKIs; however, these agents fail to deliver the intended results in the long-term due to drug resistance. Therefore, it is necessary to recognize specific cardinal mechanisms that regulate the resistance phenomenon. Understanding the intricate mechanisms underlying EGFR-TKIs resistance in lung cancer could provide cognizance for more advanced targeted therapeutics. The present review features insights into current updates on the discrete mechanisms, including secondary or tertiary mutations, parallel and downstream signaling pathways, acquiring an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) signature, microRNAs (miRNAs), and epigenetic alterations, which lead to intrinsic and acquired resistance against EGFR-TKIs in lung cancer. In addition, this paper also reviews current possible strategies to overcome this issue using combination treatment of recently developed MET inhibitors, allosteric inhibitors or immunotherapies, transformation of EMT, targeting miRNAs, and epigenetic alterations in intrinsic and acquired EGFR-TKIs resistant lung cancer. In conclusion, multiple factors are responsible for intrinsic and acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs and understanding of the detailed molecular mechanisms, and recent advancements in pharmacological studies are needed to develop new strategies to overcome intrinsic and acquired EGFR-TKIs resistance in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surya K Tripathi
- Cancer Drug Resistance Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, India
| | - Kamal Pandey
- Cancer Drug Resistance Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, India
| | - Kannan R R Rengasamy
- Department of Bioresources and Food Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bijesh K Biswal
- Cancer Drug Resistance Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, India
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12
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Xu L, Bi Y, Xu Y, Zhang Z, Xu W, Zhang S, Chen J. Oridonin inhibits the migration and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of small cell lung cancer cells by suppressing FAK-ERK1/2 signalling pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:4480-4493. [PMID: 32168416 PMCID: PMC7176879 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a severe malignant with high morbidity; however, few effective and secure therapeutic strategy is used in current clinical practice. Oridonin is a small molecule from the traditional Chinese herb Rabdosia rubescens. This study mainly aimed to investigate the role of oridonin on inhibiting the process of H1688, a kind of small cell lung cancer cells from human. Oridonin could suppress H1688 cell proliferation and induce their apoptosis in a high dosage treatment (20 μmol/L). Meanwhile, cell migration was suppressed by oridonin (5 and 10 μmol/L) that did not affect cell proliferation and apoptosis. The expression level of E-cadherin was significantly increased, and the expression of vimentin, snail and slug was reduced after administration of oridonin. These expression changes were associated with the suppressed integrin β1, phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and ERK1/2. In addition, oridonin (5 and 10 mg/kg) inhibited tumour growth in a nude mouse model; however, HE staining revealed a certain degree of cytotoxicity in hepatic tissue after treatment oridonin (10 mg/kg). Furthermore, the concentration of alanine aminotransferase (ALP) was significantly increased and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was reduced after oridonin treatment (10 mg/kg). Immunohistochemical analysis further revealed that oridonin increased E-cadherin expression and reduced vimentin and phospho-FAK levels in vivo. These findings indicated that oridonin can inhibit the migration and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of SCLC cells by suppressing the FAK-ERK1/2 signalling pathway. Thus, oridonin may be a new drug candidate to offer an effect of anti-SCLC with relative safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linhao Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China.,Translational Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanli Bi
- Department of Clinical Laboratorial Examination, Air Force Hangzhou Special Service Recuperation Center Sanatorium Area 3, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yizhou Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhuocheng Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenjie Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sisi Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
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13
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Li F, Cui H, Jin X, Gong X, Wang W, Wang J. Triptolide inhibits epithelial‑mesenchymal transition and induces apoptosis in gefitinib‑resistant lung cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2020; 43:1569-1579. [PMID: 32323848 PMCID: PMC7107945 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI), gefitinib, is used widely to treat non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR-activating mutations. Unfortunately, the acquired drug resistance promoted by epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markedly limits the clinical effects and remains a major barrier to a cure. Our previous isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation-based proteomics analysis revealed that the E-cadherin protein level was markedly upregulated by triptolide (TP). The present study aimed to determine whether TP reverses the gefitinib resistance of human lung cancer cells by regulating EMT. It was revealed that TP combined with gefitinib synergistically inhibited the migration and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549; the combination treatment had a significantly better outcome than that of TP and gefitinib alone. Moreover, TP effectively increased the sensitivity of drug resistant A549 cells to gefitinib by upregulating E-cadherin protein expression and downregulating the MMP9, SNAIL, and vimentin expression levels. The dysregulated E-cadherin expression of gefitinib-sensitive cells induced gefitinib resistance, which could be overcome by TP. Finally, TP combined with gefitinib significantly inhibited the growth of xenograft tumors induced using gefitinib-resistant A549 cells, which was associated with EMT reversal and E-cadherin signaling activation in vivo. The present results indicated that the combination of TP and TKIs may be a promising therapeutic strategy to treat patients with NSCLCs harboring EGFR mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangqiong Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, P.R. China
| | - Huaizhong Cui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, XiXi Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, P.R. China
| | - Xin Jin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoting Gong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, P.R. China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, P.R. China
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14
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Kiełbus M, Czapiński J, Kałafut J, Woś J, Stepulak A, Rivero-Müller A. Genetically Engineered Lung Cancer Cells for Analyzing Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Cells 2019; 8:E1644. [PMID: 31847480 PMCID: PMC6953058 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell plasticity, defined as the ability to undergo phenotypical transformation in a reversible manner, is a physiological process that also exerts important roles in disease progression. Two forms of cellular plasticity are epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and its inverse process, mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET). These processes have been correlated to the poor outcome of different types of neoplasias as well as drug resistance development. Since EMT/MET are transitional processes, we generated and validated a reporter cell line. Specifically, a far-red fluorescent protein was knocked-in in-frame with the mesenchymal gene marker VIMENTIN (VIM) in H2170 lung cancer cells. The vimentin reporter cells (VRCs) are a reliable model for studying EMT and MET showing cellular plasticity upon a series of stimulations. These cells are a robust platform to dissect the molecular mechanisms of these processes, and for drug discovery in vitro and in vivo in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Kiełbus
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (M.K.); (J.C.); (J.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Jakub Czapiński
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (M.K.); (J.C.); (J.K.); (A.S.)
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Kałafut
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (M.K.); (J.C.); (J.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Justyna Woś
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Stepulak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (M.K.); (J.C.); (J.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Adolfo Rivero-Müller
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (M.K.); (J.C.); (J.K.); (A.S.)
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland
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15
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Liu JC, Narva S, Zhou K, Zhang W. A Review on the Antitumor Activity of Various Nitrogenous-based Heterocyclic Compounds as NSCLC Inhibitors. Mini Rev Med Chem 2019; 19:1517-1530. [DOI: 10.2174/1389557519666190312152358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
At present, cancers have been causing deadly fears to humans and previously unpredictable
losses to health. Especially, lung cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer-related mortality
accounting for approximately 15% of all cancer cases worldwide. While Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinomas
(NSCLCs) makes up to 80% of lung cancer cases. The patient compliance has been weakening
because of serious drug resistance and adverse drug effects. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the
development of novel structural agents to inhibit NSCLCs. Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds
exhibit wide range of biological properties, especially antitumor activity. We reviewed some
deadly defects of clinical medicines for the lung cancer therapy and importance of nitrogen based heterocyclic
derivatives against NSCLCs. Nitrogen heterocycles exhibit significant antitumor activity
against NSCLCs. Nitrogen heterocyclic hybrids could be developed as multi-target-directed NSCLC
inhibitors and it is believed that the review is significant for rational designs and new ideas in the development
of nitrogen heterocyclic-based drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Chun Liu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Drug Design, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Suresh Narva
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Drug Design, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Kang Zhou
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Drug Design, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Drug Design, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
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16
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Li B, Zhu HB, Song GD, Cheng JH, Li CZ, Zhang YZ, Zhao P. Regulating the CCNB1 gene can affect cell proliferation and apoptosis in pituitary adenomas and activate epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:4651-4658. [PMID: 31611974 PMCID: PMC6781518 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the role and potential regulatory mechanisms of cyclin B1 (CCNB1) in the proliferation, apoptosis and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in pituitary adenomas. A total of 24 specimens were included in the present study. The expression levels of CCNB1 protein in two normal pituitary and 22 pituitary adenoma tissues were determined by western blotting. CCNB1 was knocked-down by lentiviral-mediated infection of short hairpin RNA (shRNA) in GH3 and MMQ cell lines. The proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis of GH3 and MMQ cell lines were detected using a Cell Counting Kit-8 and flow cytometer. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was utilized to detect the expression level of CCNB1 gene and EMT markers. In the present study, resveratrol (RES) was used as an inhibitor of CCNB1. The protein expression level of CCNB1 in pituitary adenomas was higher than that in normal pituitary tissue, as assessed by western blot analysis. In addition, the expression level of CCNB1 in invasive pituitary adenomas was higher when comparing invasive pituitary adenomas and non-invasive pituitary adenomas. Knockdown of CCNB1 resulted in significant decreases in cell viability and proliferation, arrested cell cycle at the G2/M phase and increased apoptosis. In addition, knockdown of CCNB1 significantly decreased the expression levels of the mesothelial cell marker N-cadherin (P<0.001), but significantly increased the expression levels of the epithelial cell markers E-cadherin (P<0.01) and p120-catenin (P<0.001). Further analyses identified that RES inhibited the expression level of CCNB1, and RES treatment exhibited a similar effect as CCNB1 shRNA infection. The present study suggested that suppressing the expression level of CCNB1 could regulate the proliferation and apoptosis of pituitary tumor cells and alter the expression level of various EMT markers. In addition, RES treatment could be used as an inhibitor of CCNB1. The present study also identified the molecular mechanisms underlying CCNB1 role in EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- Neurosurgical Department, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Bo Zhu
- Neurosurgical Department, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, P.R. China
| | - Gui-Dong Song
- Department of Cell and Biology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing 100070, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Hua Cheng
- Neurosurgical Department, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, P.R. China
| | - Chu-Zhong Li
- Department of Cell and Biology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing 100070, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Zhuo Zhang
- Department of Cell and Biology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing 100070, P.R. China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Neurosurgical Department, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, P.R. China
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17
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Xu S, Ware KE, Ding Y, Kim SY, Sheth MU, Rao S, Chan W, Armstrong AJ, Eward WC, Jolly MK, Somarelli JA. An Integrative Systems Biology and Experimental Approach Identifies Convergence of Epithelial Plasticity, Metabolism, and Autophagy to Promote Chemoresistance. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8020205. [PMID: 30736412 PMCID: PMC6406733 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8020205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The evolution of therapeutic resistance is a major cause of death for cancer patients. The development of therapy resistance is shaped by the ecological dynamics within the tumor microenvironment and the selective pressure of the host immune system. These selective forces often lead to evolutionary convergence on pathways or hallmarks that drive progression. Thus, a deeper understanding of the evolutionary convergences that occur could reveal vulnerabilities to treat therapy-resistant cancer. To this end, we combined phylogenetic clustering, systems biology analyses, and molecular experimentation to identify convergences in gene expression data onto common signaling pathways. We applied these methods to derive new insights about the networks at play during transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-mediated epithelial–mesenchymal transition in lung cancer. Phylogenetic analyses of gene expression data from TGF-β-treated cells revealed convergence of cells toward amine metabolic pathways and autophagy during TGF-β treatment. Knockdown of the autophagy regulatory, ATG16L1, re-sensitized lung cancer cells to cancer therapies following TGF-β-induced resistance, implicating autophagy as a TGF-β-mediated chemoresistance mechanism. In addition, high ATG16L expression was found to be a poor prognostic marker in multiple cancer types. These analyses reveal the usefulness of combining evolutionary and systems biology methods with experimental validation to illuminate new therapeutic vulnerabilities for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Xu
- Duke Cancer Institute and the Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Kathryn E Ware
- Duke Cancer Institute and the Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Yuantong Ding
- Department of Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - So Young Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 2 7710, USA.
| | - Maya U Sheth
- Duke Cancer Institute and the Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Sneha Rao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
| | - Wesley Chan
- Duke Cancer Institute and the Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Andrew J Armstrong
- Duke Cancer Institute and the Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
- Solid Tumor Program and the Duke Prostate and Urologic Cancer Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - William C Eward
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
| | - Mohit Kumar Jolly
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005-1827, USA.
- Current address: Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India.
| | - Jason A Somarelli
- Duke Cancer Institute and the Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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18
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Ryan MR, Sohl CD, Luo B, Anderson KS. The FGFR1 V561M Gatekeeper Mutation Drives AZD4547 Resistance through STAT3 Activation and EMT. Mol Cancer Res 2018; 17:532-543. [PMID: 30257990 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-18-0429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
FGFR1 has been implicated in numerous cancer types including squamous cell lung cancer, a subset of non-small cell lung cancer with a dismal 5-year survival rate. Small-molecule inhibitors targeting FGFR1 are currently in clinical trials, with AZD4547 being one of the furthest along; however, the development of drug resistance is a major challenge for targeted therapies. A prevalent mechanism of drug resistance in kinases occurs through mutation of the gatekeeper residue, V561M in FGFR1; however, mechanisms underlying V561M resistance to AZD4547 are not fully understood. Here, the cellular consequences of the V561M gatekeeper mutation were characterized, and it was found that although AZD4547 maintains nanomolar affinity for V561M FGFR1, based on in vitro binding assays, cells expressing V561M demonstrate dramatic resistance to AZD4547 driven by increased STAT3 activation downstream of V561M FGFR1. The data reveal that the V561M mutation biases cells toward a more mesenchymal phenotype, including increased levels of proliferation, migration, invasion, and anchorage-independent growth, which was confirmed using CyTOF, a novel single-cell analysis tool. Using shRNA knockdown, loss of STAT3 restored sensitivity of cancer cells expressing V561M FGFR1 to AZD4547. Thus, the data demonstrate that combination therapies including FGFR and STAT3 may overcome V561M FGFR1-driven drug resistance in the clinic. IMPLICATIONS: The V561M FGFR1 gatekeeper mutation leads to devastating drug resistance through activation of STAT3 and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition; this study demonstrates that FGFR1 inhibitor sensitivity can be restored upon STAT3 knockdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly R Ryan
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Christal D Sohl
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - BeiBei Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Karen S Anderson
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.
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19
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Shen J, Zhou W, Bi N, Song YM, Zhang FQ, Zhan QM, Wang LH. MicroRNA-886-3P functions as a tumor suppressor in small cell lung cancer. Cancer Biol Ther 2018; 19:1185-1192. [PMID: 30230945 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2018.1491505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive disease and miRNAs may play an important role in modulating SCLC progression. We have previously screened 924 miRNAs and found that miR-886-3P was negatively associated with SCLC survival. In the current study, we further investigated the role of miR-886-3P mimic in regulating SCLC cell phenotypic alteration in vitro and xenograft tumor formation in vivo. We found that transfection of miR-886-3P mimic significantly inhibited SCLC cell proliferation, migration, and colony formation, and induced mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) by suppressing TGF-ß1 synthesis in vitro. Furthermore, intra-tumor injection of miR-886-3P mimic lead to necrosis and suppression of tumor invasion to the surrounding tissue in the subcutaneous xenograft tumor, and intra-vein injection of miR-886-3P mimic suppressed xenograft lung cancer growth in vivo. These findings suggested that miR-886-3P functions as a tumor suppressor in SCLC and thus, it might be a potential therapeutic molecule in the treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shen
- a Department of Radiation Oncology , Peking Union Medical College Hospital , Beijing , China
| | - Wei Zhou
- b State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology , Peking Union medical College Hospital Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Nan Bi
- c Department of Radiation Oncology , Peking Union medical College Hospital Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Yong-Mei Song
- b State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology , Peking Union medical College Hospital Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Fu-Quan Zhang
- a Department of Radiation Oncology , Peking Union Medical College Hospital , Beijing , China
| | - Qi-Min Zhan
- b State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology , Peking Union medical College Hospital Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Lv-Hua Wang
- c Department of Radiation Oncology , Peking Union medical College Hospital Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , China
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20
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Schrank Z, Chhabra G, Lin L, Iderzorig T, Osude C, Khan N, Kuckovic A, Singh S, Miller RJ, Puri N. Current Molecular-Targeted Therapies in NSCLC and Their Mechanism of Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:E224. [PMID: 29973561 PMCID: PMC6071023 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10070224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is treated with many conventional therapies, such as surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. However, these therapies have multiple undesirable side effects. To bypass the side effects elicited by these conventional treatments, molecularly-targeted therapies are currently in use or under development. Current molecularly-targeted therapies effectively target specific biomarkers, which are commonly overexpressed in lung cancers and can cause increased tumorigenicity. Unfortunately, several molecularly-targeted therapies are associated with initial dramatic responses followed by acquired resistance due to spontaneous mutations or activation of signaling pathways. Acquired resistance to molecularly targeted therapies presents a major clinical challenge in the treatment of lung cancer. Therefore, to address this clinical challenge and to improve lung cancer patient prognosis, we need to understand the mechanism of acquired resistance to current therapies and develop additional novel therapies. This review concentrates on various lung cancer biomarkers, including EGFR, ALK, and BRAF, as well as their potential mechanisms of drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Schrank
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Rockford, IL 61107, USA.
| | - Gagan Chhabra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Rockford, IL 61107, USA.
| | - Leo Lin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Rockford, IL 61107, USA.
| | - Tsatsral Iderzorig
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Rockford, IL 61107, USA.
| | - Chike Osude
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Rockford, IL 61107, USA.
| | - Nabiha Khan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Rockford, IL 61107, USA.
| | - Adijan Kuckovic
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Rockford, IL 61107, USA.
| | - Sanjana Singh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Rockford, IL 61107, USA.
| | - Rachel J Miller
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Rockford, IL 61107, USA.
| | - Neelu Puri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Rockford, IL 61107, USA.
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21
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Downregulation of GEP100 Improved the Growth Inhibition Effect of Erlotinib Through Modulating Mesenchymal Epithelial Transition Process in Pancreatic Cancer. Pancreas 2018; 47:732-737. [PMID: 29851753 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000001076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The epidermal growth factor receptor is overexpressed in the majority of pancreatic cancer. Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor erlotinib was approved to treat patients combining with gemcitabine. However, the sensitivity is low. Here, we try to reveal the regulatory role of guanine nucleotide exchange protein 100 (GEP100) in erlotinib sensitivity. METHODS We investigated the correlation between GEP100 expression and sensitivity to erlotinib in different pancreatic cancer cell lines, followed by examination of the effect of GEP100 on erlotinib sensitivity by establishing the stable knocked-down cell line. The expression level of epithelial mesenchymal transition-related protein was examined by Western blot, and the regulatory mechanism was investigated by short hairpin RNA. Xenograft experiment was also performed in nude mice. RESULTS We identified a significant correlation between sensitivity to erlotinib and expression of GEP100. GEP100 downregulation increased its sensitivity to erlotinib. E-cadherin short hairpin RNA treatment inhibited this sensitivity. Immunohistochemical staining showed a mutual exclusive expression pattern of GEP100 and E-cadherin in human pancreatic cancer tissues. Xenograft showed that downregulation of GEP100 enhanced the growth inhibition of erlotinib in nude mice. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggested that GEP100 and E-cadherin have the predictive value for responsiveness to erlotinib in pancreatic cancer.
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22
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Hu X, Wu LW, Weng X, Lin NM, Zhang C. Synergistic antitumor activity of aspirin and erlotinib: Inhibition of p38 enhanced aspirin plus erlotinib-induced suppression of metastasis and promoted cancer cell apoptosis. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:2715-2724. [PMID: 30013667 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
High-dose erlotinib is effective for non-small cell lung cancer patients with brain metastases. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether aspirin could increase the anti-proliferative and anti-metastatic effects of regular erlotinib treatment. The data demonstrated that combining aspirin with erlotinib significantly induced apoptosis and inhibited tumor cell proliferation in several human cancer types. Furthermore, aspirin plus erlotinib significantly induced the activation of E-cadherin and suppression of p38. The data also indicated that the p38/E-cadherin pathway may be involved in the apoptosis caused by the combination of aspirin and erlotinib. As p38 and E-cadherin also serve a key role in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer metastasis, we hypothesized that the combination of aspirin and erlotinib may significantly inhibit tumor metastasis. First, aspirin plus erlotinib achieved potent inhibition of cancer cell migration and invasion, which are crucial for cancer metastasis. Next, the results demonstrated that aspirin plus erlotinib inhibited angiogenesis by suppressing endothelial cell migration and invasion. Moreover, it was confirmed that aspirin plus erlotinib exerted synergistic anti-angiogenic effects. Finally, the synergistic anti-proliferative and anti-metastatic effects of the combination of aspirin with erlotinib were further validated in an A549 xenograft model in vivo. In conclusion, aspirin plus erlotinib may be an effective combination regimen for patients with metastatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Hu
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, P.R. China.,College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Lin-Wen Wu
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, P.R. China.,College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Xu Weng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China.,Hangzhou Translational Medicine Research Center, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Neng-Ming Lin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China.,Hangzhou Translational Medicine Research Center, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Chong Zhang
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, P.R. China
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23
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Luo Y, Yu T, Zhang Q, Fu Q, Hu Y, Xiang M, Peng H, Zheng T, Lu L, Shi H. Upregulated N-cadherin expression is associated with poor prognosis in epithelial-derived solid tumours: A meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Invest 2018; 48:e12903. [PMID: 29405291 PMCID: PMC5887888 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND N-cadherin is an important molecular in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and has been reported to be associated with aggressive behaviours of tumours. However, prognostic value of N-cadherin in solid malignancies remains controversially. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Pubmed/MELINE and EMBASE databases were used for a comprehensive literature searching. Pooled risk ratio (RR) and hazard ratio (HR) with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were employed to quantify the prognostic role. RESULTS Involving 36 studies with 5705 patients were performed to investigate relationships between N-cadherin upregulation and clinicopathological features, survival. Results suggested upregulated N-cadherin was associated with lymph node metastasis (RR = 1.16, 95% CI [1.00, 1.35]), higher histological grade (RR = 1.36, 95%CI [1.14, 1.62]), angiolymphatic invasion (RR = 1.19, 95% CI [1.06, 1.34]) and advanced clinical stage (RR = 1.32, 95% CI [1.06, 1.64]), while upregulated N-cadherin was apt to be associated with distant metastasis (RR = 1.43, 95% CI [0.99, 2.05]). Moreover, N-cadherin was correlated with poor prognosis of 3-year survival (HR = 1.78, 95% CI [1.51, 2.10]), 5-year survival (HR = 1.57, 95% CI [1.17, 2.10]) and overall survival (OS) (HR = 1.32, 95% CI [1.20, 1.44]). Subgroup analyses according to cancer types were also conducted for applying these conclusions to some tumours more properly. No publication bias was found except subgroup analysis of distant metastasis (P = .652 for Begg's test and 0.023 for Egger's test). CONCLUSIONS Taken together, upregulation of N-cadherin is associated with more aggressive behaviours of epithelial-derived solid malignancies and can be regarded as a predictor of poor survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Department of Head and Neck OncologyWest China HospitalWest China School of MedicineSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Ting Yu
- West China HospitalWest China School of MedicineSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Qiongwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Department of Head and Neck OncologyWest China HospitalWest China School of MedicineSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
- West China HospitalWest China School of MedicineSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Qingyu Fu
- West China HospitalWest China School of MedicineSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Yuzhu Hu
- West China HospitalWest China School of MedicineSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Mengmeng Xiang
- West China HospitalWest China School of MedicineSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Haoning Peng
- West China HospitalWest China School of MedicineSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Tianying Zheng
- West China HospitalWest China School of MedicineSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Li Lu
- College of Computer ScienceSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Huashan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Department of Head and Neck OncologyWest China HospitalWest China School of MedicineSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
- West China HospitalWest China School of MedicineSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
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Wang S, Cheng Y, Gao Y, He Z, Zhou W, Chang R, Peng Z, Zheng Y, Duan C, Zhang C. SH2B1 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition through the IRS1/β-catenin signaling axis in lung adenocarcinoma. Mol Carcinog 2018; 57:640-652. [PMID: 29380446 PMCID: PMC5900930 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LADC), the most prevalent type of human lung cancer, is characterized by many molecular abnormalities. SH2B1, a member of the SH2‐domain containing family, have recently been shown to act as tumor activators in multiple cancers, including LADC. However, the mechanisms underlying SH2B1 overexpression are not completely understood. Here, we reported that SH2B1 expression levels were significantly upregulated and positively associated with EMT markers and poor patient survival in LADC specimens. Modulation of SH2B1 levels had distinct effects on cell proliferation, cell cycle, migration, invasion, and morphology in A549 and H1299 cells in vitro and in vivo. At the molecular level, overexpression of SH2B1 resulted in the upregulation of the EMT markers, especially induced β‐catenin accumulation and activated β‐catenin signaling to promote LADC cell proliferation and metastasis, while silencing SH2B1 had the opposite effect. Furthermore, ectopic expression of SH2B1 in H1299 cells increased IRS1 expression level. Reduced expression of IRS1 considerably inhibited H1299 cell proliferation, migration, and invasion which were driven by SH2B1 overexpression. Collectively, these results provide unequivocal evidence to establish that SH2B1‐IRS1‐β‐catenin axis is required for promoting EMT, and might prove to be a promising strategy for restraining tumor progression in LADC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoqiang Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College, Jining Medical College, Jining, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Yuanda Cheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Zhiwei He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Wolong Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Ruimin Chang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Zhenzi Peng
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Yingying Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College, Jining Medical College, Jining, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Chaojun Duan
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Chunfang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
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25
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Iderzorig T, Kellen J, Osude C, Singh S, Woodman JA, Garcia C, Puri N. Comparison of EMT mediated tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance in NSCLC. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 496:770-777. [PMID: 29337056 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.01.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In the United States, lung cancer is the second most common cancer in men and women. In 2017, 222,500 new cases and 155,870 deaths from lung cancer are estimated to have occurred. A tyrosine kinase receptor, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), is over expressed or mutated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) resulting in increased cell proliferation and survival. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are currently being used as therapy for NSCLC patients, however, they have limited efficacy in NSCLC patients due to acquisition of resistance. This study investigates the role of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in the development of resistance against TKIs in NSCLC. Currently, the role of p120-catenin, Kaiso factor and PRMT-1 in reversal of EMT in T790M mutated and TKI-resistant NSCLC cells is a new line of study. In this investigation we found upregulation of cytoplasmic p120-catenin, which was co-localized with Kaiso factor. In the nucleus, binding of p120-catenin to Kaiso factor initiates transcription by activating EMT-transcription factors such as Snail, Slug, Twist, and ZEB1. PRMT-1 was also found to be upregulated, which induces methylation of Twist and repression of E-cadherin activity, thus promoting EMT. We confirmed that TKI-resistant cells have mesenchymal cell type characteristics based on their cell morphology and gene or protein expression of EMT related proteins. EMT proteins, Vimentin and N-cadherin, displayed increased expression, whereas E-cadherin expression was downregulated. Finally, we found that the knockdown of p120-catenin and PRMT-1 by siRNA or use of a PRMT-1 inhibitor Furamidine increased Erlotinib sensitivity and could reverse EMT to overcome TKI resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsatsral Iderzorig
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Illinois, USA
| | - Joseph Kellen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Illinois, USA
| | - Chike Osude
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Illinois, USA
| | - Sanjana Singh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Illinois, USA
| | - James A Woodman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Illinois, USA
| | - Christian Garcia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Illinois, USA
| | - Neelu Puri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Illinois, USA.
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26
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Santamaria PG, Moreno‐Bueno G, Portillo F, Cano A. EMT: Present and future in clinical oncology. Mol Oncol 2017; 11:718-738. [PMID: 28590039 PMCID: PMC5496494 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial/mesenchymal transition (EMT) has emerged as a key regulator of metastasis by facilitating tumor cell invasion and dissemination to distant organs. Recent evidences support that the reverse mesenchymal/epithelial transition (MET) is required for metastatic outgrowth; moreover, the existence of hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal (E/M) phenotypes is increasingly being reported in different tumor contexts. The accumulated data strongly support that plasticity between epithelial and mesenchymal states underlies the dissemination and metastatic potential of carcinoma cells. However, the translation into the clinics of EMT and epithelial plasticity processes presents enormous challenges and still remains a controversial issue. In this review, we will evaluate current evidences for translational applicability of EMT and depict an overview of the most recent EMT in vivo models, EMT marker analyses in human samples as well as potential EMT therapeutic approaches and ongoing clinical trials. We foresee that standardized analyses of EMT markers in solid and liquid tumor biopsies in addition to innovative tools targeting the E/M states will become promising strategies for future translation to the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia G. Santamaria
- Departamento de BioquímicaInstituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas ‘Alberto Sols’ (CSIC‐UAM)Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM)IdiPAZCIBERONCMadridSpain
| | - Gema Moreno‐Bueno
- Departamento de BioquímicaInstituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas ‘Alberto Sols’ (CSIC‐UAM)Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM)IdiPAZCIBERONCMadridSpain
- Fundación MD Anderson InternationalMadridSpain
| | - Francisco Portillo
- Departamento de BioquímicaInstituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas ‘Alberto Sols’ (CSIC‐UAM)Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM)IdiPAZCIBERONCMadridSpain
| | - Amparo Cano
- Departamento de BioquímicaInstituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas ‘Alberto Sols’ (CSIC‐UAM)Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM)IdiPAZCIBERONCMadridSpain
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27
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Lu MK, Lin TY, Hu CH, Chao CH, Chang CC, Hsu HY. Characterization of a sulfated galactoglucan from Antrodia cinnamomea and its anticancer mechanism via TGFβ/FAK/Slug axis suppression. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 167:229-239. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.02.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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28
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Ko B, He T, Gadgeel S, Halmos B. MET/HGF pathway activation as a paradigm of resistance to targeted therapies. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2017; 5:4. [PMID: 28164089 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2016.12.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Resistance to targeted therapeutics is a key issue limiting the long-term utility of these medications in the management of molecularly selected subsets of cancer patients, including patients with non-small cell lung cancer harboring oncogenic alterations affecting EGFR, ALK and other genes. Bypass resistance mediated by activation of MET kinase has emerged as a frequent, validated and pivotal resistance mechanism in multiple types of cancers. Biochemical understanding is accumulating to explain the unique role of MET in such bypass pathways, providing alternate downstream activation opportunities and intricate interactions during epithelial-mesenchymal transitions. Multiple diagnostic testing platforms have become available for selecting appropriate patients for MET targeting in a variety of settings. Importantly, in light of the failures of several earlier clinical studies of MET targeting agents, a large array of recent and current MET-focused trials are incorporating stricter patient selection and more robust predictive biomarkers providing hope for validation of MET targeting as a clinically impactful strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Ko
- Department of Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10467, USA
| | - Tianfang He
- Department of Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10467, USA
| | - Shirish Gadgeel
- Department of Oncology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute/Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Balazs Halmos
- Department of Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10467, USA
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