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Su N, Tang X, Zhan X, Wang X, Peng F, Wen Y, Feng X, Zhou Q, Wang Q, Chen X, Yang Y, Shang S. The relationship between platelet distribution width and new-onset cardiovascular disease events in patients with peritoneal dialysis. Ren Fail 2022; 44:1640-1648. [PMID: 36285366 PMCID: PMC9621293 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2022.2130802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The global mortality rate from chronic kidney disease (CKD) has increased over the past two decades. Typically, peritoneal dialysis (PD) remains a useful alternative treatment for end-stage renal disease. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the main complication in PD patients. In terms of prognosis, it is reported that platelet distribution width (PDW) can predict adverse CVD events. However, the relationship between PDW and new-onset CVD in PD patients is not clear. This study aimed to explore the relationship between PDW and new-onset CVD in PD patients. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study, from 4 July 2005 to 31 December 2019, and a total of 1557 patients were recruited. PDW was respectively categorized into two groups: PDW ≤13.2 fL and PDW >13.2 fL. The primary outcome was a new-onset CVD event. Cox proportional hazards models were performed to assess the hazard ratio (HR). Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves were applied to evaluate the predictive accuracy of the PDW on CVD events. Results During follow-up, 114 new-onset CVD events were recorded. Cox proportional hazards models showed a higher risk of CVD events in patients with high PDW (HR = 1.862 95%CI 1.205–2.877, p = 0.005). Kaplan–Meier cumulative incidence curves showed the risk of the first occurrence of CVD events was greater in the high PDW group (p = 0.006). Conclusions High PDW is associated with new-onset cardiovascular disease events in PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Su
- Department of Nephrology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Hematology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingming Tang
- Department of Nephrology, DongGuan SongShan Lake Tungwah Hospital, DongGuan, China
| | - Xiaojiang Zhan
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fenfen Peng
- Department of Nephrology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yueqiang Wen
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoran Feng
- Department of Nephrology, Jiujiang No. 1 People’s Hospital, Jiujiang, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Department of Medical Statistics, Clinical Trials Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinqin Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingyu Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sijia Shang
- Department of Nephrology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Petkov D, Patrick DJ, Rogerson P, Rehagen D, Hennig G, Bradley A, Howroyd P, Czajkowski M, Decker J, Aboulmali A, Balmer B. Idiopathic Aneurysms of the Ascending Aorta in the Mouse and Rat. Toxicol Pathol 2021; 50:4-12. [PMID: 34855556 DOI: 10.1177/01926233211056872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aneurysms of the ascending aorta, unrelated to xenobiotic administration, are described in 5 rats and 2 mice in nonclinical safety studies conducted at Charles River Laboratories (CRL) sites over the past 10 years. The most prominent microscopic finding was focal dilation with disruption of the wall of the ascending aorta with chronic adventitial inflammation or fibroplasia. The pathogenesis of this finding is unknown. There were no associated macroscopic findings, clinical abnormalities, or vascular lesions elsewhere. The results of a search of historical control data from toxicology studies of 1 day to 72 weeks' duration performed at CRL for aortic findings from 5900 mice and 23,662 rats are also reported. Aortic lesions are uncommon in mice and rats used in nonclinical safety studies, but toxicologic pathologists should be aware that aneurysms of the ascending aorta with fibroplasia and inflammation in the aortic wall and adventitia may occur spontaneously or iatrogenically, as they have the potential to impact interpretation in toxicology studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Petkov
- 57146Charles River Laboratories, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Gayle Hennig
- 70294Charles River Laboratories, Senneville, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alys Bradley
- 57146Charles River Laboratories, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Howroyd
- 57146Charles River Laboratories, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Melissa Czajkowski
- Melissa Czajkowski, 26135Charles River Laboratories, 's-Hertogenbosch, the Netherlands. Petkov is now with Frontage Laboratories, Concord, OH, USA; Patrick is now with Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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3
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Chen J, Strauss B, Liang L, Hajjar RJ. Animal model of left atrial thrombus in congestive heart failure in rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2019; 317:H63-H72. [PMID: 31074653 PMCID: PMC6692738 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00086.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to develop and study a new model of left atrial thrombus (LAT) in rat with congestive heart failure (CHF). CHF was induced by aortic banding for 2 mo, followed by ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) and subsequent aortic debanding for 1 mo. Cardiac function and the presence of LAT were assessed by echocardiography. Masson's staining was performed for histological analysis. All CHF rats presented with significantly decreased cardiac function, fibrosis in remote myocardium, and pulmonary edema. The incidence rate of LAT was 18.8% in the rats. LAT was associated with severity of aortic constriction, aortic pressure gradient, aortic blood flow velocity, and pulmonary edema but not myocardial infarction or a degree of left ventricular depression. The progressive process of thrombogenesis was characterized by myocyte hypertrophy, fibrosis, and inflammation in the left atrial wall. Fibrin adhesion and clot formation were observed, whereas most LAT presented as a relatively hard "mass," likely attributable to significant fibrosis in the middle and outer layers. Some LAT mass showed focal necrosis as well as fibrin bulging. Most LAT occurred at the upper anterior wall of the left atrial appendage. Aortic debanding had no significant impact on large LATs (>5 mm2) that had formed, whereas small LATs (<5 mm2) regressed 1 mo after aortic release. LAT is found in a rat model of aortic banding plus I/R followed by aortic debanding. The model provides a platform to study molecular mechanisms and potential new pathways for LAT treatment. NEW & NOTEWORTHY It is critically important to have a rodent model to study the molecular mechanism of thrombogenesis in the left atrium. Left atrial thrombus (LAT) is not a simple fibrin clot like those seen in peripheral veins or arteries. Rather, LAT is a cellular mass that likely develops in conjunction with blood clotting. Studying this phenomenon will help us understand congestive heart failure and promote new therapies for LAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiqiu Chen
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, New York
| | - Benjamin Strauss
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, New York
| | - Lifan Liang
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, New York
| | - Roger J Hajjar
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, New York
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Poret JM, Battle C, Mouton AJ, Gaudet DA, Souza-Smith F, Gardner JD, Braymer HD, Harrison-Bernard L, Primeaux SD. The prevalence of cardio-metabolic risk factors is differentially elevated in obesity-prone Osborne-Mendel and obesity-resistant S5B/Pl rats. Life Sci 2019; 223:95-101. [PMID: 30872180 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Individual susceptibility to develop obesity may impact the development of cardio-metabolic risk factors that lead to obesity-related comorbid conditions. Obesity-prone Osborne-Mendel (OM) rats expressed higher levels of visceral adipose inflammation than obesity-resistant, S5B/Pl (S5B) rats. However, the consumption of a high fat diet (HFD) differentially affected OM and S5B rats and induced an increase in visceral adipose inflammation in S5B rats. The current study examined the effects of HFD consumption on cardio-metabolic risk factors in OM and S5B rats. MATERIALS & METHODS Glucose regulation and circulating levels of lipids, adiponectin and C-reactive protein were assessed following 8 weeks of HFD or low fat diet (LFD) consumption. Left ventricle hypertrophy and mRNA expression of cardiovascular disease biomarkers were also quantified in OM and S5B rats. KEY FINDINGS Circulating levels of triglycerides were higher, while HDL cholesterol, adiponectin and glycemic control were lower in OM rats, compared to S5B rats. In the left ventricle, BNP and CTGF mRNA expression were higher in OM rats and IL-6, IL-1β, VEGF, and iNOS mRNA expression were higher in S5B rats. SIGNIFICANCE These findings support the hypothesis that cardio-metabolic risk factors are increased in obesity-prone individuals, which may increase the risk for the development of obesity-related comorbidities. In the current models, obesity-resistant S5B rats also exhibited cardiovascular risk factors supporting the importance of monitoring cardiovascular health in individuals characterized as obesity-resistant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonquil M Poret
- Department of Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, United States of America
| | - Claire Battle
- Department of Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, United States of America
| | - Alan J Mouton
- Department of Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, United States of America
| | - Darryl A Gaudet
- Department of Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, United States of America
| | - Flavia Souza-Smith
- Department of Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, United States of America
| | - Jason D Gardner
- Department of Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, United States of America
| | - H Douglas Braymer
- Joint Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism Program, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, United States of America
| | - Lisa Harrison-Bernard
- Department of Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, United States of America
| | - Stefany D Primeaux
- Department of Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, United States of America; Joint Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism Program, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, United States of America.
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