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Yadav P, Beura SK, Panigrahi AR, Kulkarni PP, Yadav MK, Munshi A, Singh SK. Lysophosphatidylcholine induces oxidative stress and calcium-mediated cell death in human blood platelets. Cell Biol Int 2024; 48:1266-1284. [PMID: 38837523 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Platelets are essential component of circulation that plays a major role in hemostasis and thrombosis. During activation and its demise, platelets release platelet-derived microvesicles, with lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) being a prominent component in their lipid composition. LPC, an oxidized low-density lipoprotein, is involved in cellular metabolism, but its higher level is implicated in pathologies like atherosclerosis, diabetes, and inflammatory disorders. Despite this, its impact on platelet function remains relatively unexplored. To address this, we studied LPC's effects on washed human platelets. A multimode plate reader was employed to measure reactive oxygen species and intracellular calcium using H2DCF-DA and Fluo-4-AM, respectively. Flow cytometry was utilized to measure phosphatidylserine expression, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) formation using FITC-Annexin V, JC-1, and CoCl2/calcein-AM, respectively. Additionally, platelet morphology and its ultrastructure were observed via phase contrast and electron microscopy. Sonoclot and light transmission aggregometry were employed to examine fibrin formation and platelet aggregation, respectively. The findings demonstrate that LPC induced oxidative stress and increased intracellular calcium in platelets, resulting in increased phosphatidylserine expression and reduced ΔΨm. LPC triggered caspase-independent platelet death and mPTP opening via cytosolic and mitochondrial calcium, along with microvesiculation and reduced platelet counts. LPC increased the platelet's size, adopting a balloon-shaped morphology, causing membrane fragmentation and releasing its cellular contents, while inducing a pro-coagulant phenotype with increased fibrin formation and reduced integrin αIIbβ3 activation. Conclusively, this study reveals LPC-induced oxidative stress and calcium-mediated platelet death, necrotic in nature with pro-coagulant properties, potentially impacting inflammation and repair mechanisms during vascular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Yadav
- Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, India
| | - Samir K Beura
- Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, India
| | - Abhishek R Panigrahi
- Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, India
| | - Paresh P Kulkarni
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Mithlesh K Yadav
- Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, India
| | - Anjana Munshi
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, India
| | - Sunil K Singh
- Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, India
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, India
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2
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Ferreira AFF, Ulrich H, Feng ZP, Sun HS, Britto LR. Neurodegeneration and glial morphological changes are both prevented by TRPM2 inhibition during the progression of a Parkinson's disease mouse model. Exp Neurol 2024; 377:114780. [PMID: 38649091 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by dopaminergic neuron death and neuroinflammation. Emerging evidence points to the involvement of the transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) channel in neuron death and glial activation in several neurodegenerative diseases. However, the involvement of TRPM2 in PD and specifically its relation to the neuroinflammation aspect of the disease remains poorly understood. Here, we hypothesized that AG490, a TRPM2 inhibitor, can be used as a treatment in a mouse model of PD. Mice underwent stereotaxic surgery for 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) administration in the right striatum. Motor behavioral tests (apomorphine, cylinder, and rotarod) were performed on day 3 post-injection to confirm the PD model induction. AG490 was then daily injected i.p. between days 3 to 6 after surgery. On day 6, motor behavior was assessed again. Substantia nigra (SNc) and striatum (CPu) were collected for immunohistochemistry, immunoblotting, and RT-qPCR analysis on day 7. Our results revealed that AG490 post-treatment reduced motor behavior impairment and nigrostriatal neurodegeneration. In addition, the compound prevented TRPM2 upregulation and changes of the Akt/GSK-3β/caspase-3 signaling pathway. The TRPM2 inhibition also avoids the glial morphology changes observed in the PD group. Remarkably, the morphometrical analysis revealed that the ameboid-shaped microglia, found in 6-OHDA-injected animals, were no longer present in the AG490-treated group. These results indicate that AG490 treatment can reduce dopaminergic neuronal death and suppress neuroinflammation in a PD mouse model. Inhibition of TRPM2 by AG490 could then represent a potential therapeutical strategy to be evaluated for PD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Flavia F Ferreira
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Henning Ulrich
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Zhong-Ping Feng
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Hong-Shuo Sun
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Luiz Roberto Britto
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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3
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Łuczaj W, Dobrzyńska I, Skrzydlewska E. Differences in the phospholipid profile of melanocytes and melanoma cells irradiated with UVA and treated with cannabigerol and cannabidiol. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16121. [PMID: 37752196 PMCID: PMC10522606 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43363-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
UV radiation inducing mutations in melanocytes might cause melanoma. As changes in lipid composition and metabolism are associated with many types of cancer including skin cancer, we aimed to evaluate the effects of two phytocannabinoids cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabigerol (CBG), on changes in phospholipid and ceramide (CER) profiles induced by UVA irradiation in human melanocytes and melanoma. UVA radiation caused a significant up-regulation PC, PI and SM species and decrease of CERs content in both types of cells, while up-regulation of PEo was only observed in melanocytes. Exposure of UVA-irradiated melanocytes or melanoma cells to CBD and/or CBG led to significant decrease in relative content of PC, PI and SM specie; however, this effect was more pronounced in cancer cells. Interestingly, only in UVA-irradiated melanocytes and not in melanoma, PEo content was lowered after CBD treatment, while CBG led to additional up-regulation of PEo species. CBD and CBG used together caused decrease of zeta potential, inhibiting PS externalization, and different changes in relative contents of CER and SM species of irradiated and non-irradiated melanoma cells. Obtained results are quite promising due to CBD and CBG abilities to partial reverse pro-cancerogenic changes in phospholipid and CER profiles induced by UVA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Łuczaj
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2d, 15-222, Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Izabela Dobrzyńska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Białystok, Ciołkowskiego 1K, 15-245, Białystok, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Skrzydlewska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2d, 15-222, Bialystok, Poland
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4
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Mathew B, Acha LG, Torres LA, Huang CC, Liu A, Kalinin S, Leung K, Dai Y, Feinstein DL, Ravindran S, Roth S. MicroRNA-based engineering of mesenchymal stem cell extracellular vesicles for treatment of retinal ischemic disorders: Engineered extracellular vesiclesand retinal ischemia. Acta Biomater 2023; 158:782-797. [PMID: 36638942 PMCID: PMC10005109 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging therapeutic tools. Hypoxic pre-conditioning (HPC) of MSCs altered the production of microRNAs (miRNAs) in EVs, and enhanced the cytoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties of their derivative EVs in retinal cells. EV miRNAs were identified as the primary contributors of these EV functions. Through miRNA seq analyses, miRNA-424 was identified as a candidate for the retina to overexpress in EVs for enhancing cytoprotection and anti-inflammatory effects. FEEs (functionally engineered EVs) overexpressing miR424 (FEE424) significantly enhanced neuroprotection and anti-inflammatory activities in vitro in retinal cells. FEE424 functioned by reducing inflammatory cytokine production in retinal microglia, and attenuating oxygen free radicals in retinal Muller cells and microvascular endothelial cells, providing a multi-pronged approach to enhancing recovery after retinal ischemic insult. In an in vivo model of retinal ischemia, native, HPC, and FEE424 MSC EVs robustly and similarly restored function to close to baseline, and prevented loss of retinal ganglion cells, but HPC EVs provided the most effective attenuation of apoptosis-related and inflammatory cytokine gene expression. These results indicate the potential for EV engineering to produce ameliorative effects for retinal diseases with a significant inflammatory component. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: We show that functionally engineered extracellular vesicles (FEEs) from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) provide cytoprotection in rat retina subjected to ischemia. FEEs overexpressing microRNA 424 (FEE424) function by reducing inflammatory cytokine production in retinal microglia, and attenuating oxygen free radicals in Muller cells and microvascular endothelial cells, providing a multi-pronged approach to enhancing recovery. In an in vivo model of retinal ischemia in rats, native, hypoxic-preconditioned (HPC), and FEE424 MSC EVs robustly and similarly restored function, and prevented loss of retinal ganglion cells, but HPC EVs provided the most effective attenuation of apoptosis-related and inflammatory cytokine gene expression. The results indicate the potential for EV engineering to produce ameliorative effects for retinal diseases with a significant inflammatory component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biji Mathew
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois-Chicago
| | - Lorea Gamboa Acha
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois-Chicago
| | - Leianne A Torres
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois-Chicago
| | - Chun-Chieh Huang
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois-Chicago
| | - Alice Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois-Chicago
| | - Sergey Kalinin
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois-Chicago
| | - Kasey Leung
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois-Chicago
| | - Yang Dai
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, University of Illinois-Chicago
| | - Douglas L Feinstein
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois-Chicago; Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs, Chicago, IL
| | - Sriram Ravindran
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois-Chicago.
| | - Steven Roth
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois-Chicago.
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Youssef AM, Song DK. Lysophosphatidylcholine induces adenosine release from macrophages via TRPM7-mediated mitochondrial activation. Purinergic Signal 2022; 18:317-343. [PMID: 35779163 PMCID: PMC9391566 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-022-09878-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Even though macrophages have the potential to harm tissues through excessive release of inflammatory mediators, they play protective roles to maintain tissue integrity. In this study, we hypothesized that lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), via G2A and A2B receptors, puts brakes on macrophages by the induction of adenosine release which could contribute to termination of inflammation. Mechanistically, LPC-induced PGE2 production followed by the activation of cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) pathway which results in the activation of LKB1/AMPK signaling pathway leading to increasing Mg2+ influx concomitantly with an increase in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP, Δψm) and ATP production. Then, ATP is converted to adenosine intracellularly followed by efflux via ENT1. In a parallel pathway, LPC-induced elevation of cytosolic calcium was essential for adenosine release, and Ca2+/calmodulin signaling cooperated with PKA to regulate ENT1 permeation to adenosine. Pharmacological blockade of TRPM7 and antisense treatment suppressed LPC-induced adenosine release and magnesium influx in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). Moreover, LPC suppressed LPS-induced phosphorylation of connexin-43, which may counteract TLR4-mediated inflammatory response. Intriguingly, we found LPC increased netrin-1 production from BMDMs. Netrin-1 induces anti-inflammatory signaling via A2B receptor. In the presence of adenosine deaminase which removes adenosine in the medium, the chemotaxis of macrophages toward LPC was significantly increased. Hypoxia and metabolic acidosis are usually developed in a variety of inflammatory situations such as sepsis. We found LPC augmented hypoxia- or acidosis-induced adenosine release from BMDMs. These results provide evidence of LPC-induced brake-like action on macrophages by adenosine release via cellular magnesium signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Youssef
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Keun Song
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, 24252, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Lysophosphatidylcholine: Potential Target for the Treatment of Chronic Pain. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158274. [PMID: 35955410 PMCID: PMC9368269 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The bioactive lipid lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), a major phospholipid component of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL), originates from the cleavage of phosphatidylcholine by phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and is catabolized to other substances by different enzymatic pathways. LPC exerts pleiotropic effects mediated by its receptors, G protein-coupled signaling receptors, Toll-like receptors, and ion channels to activate several second messengers. Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) is increasingly considered a key marker/factor positively in pathological states, especially inflammation and atherosclerosis development. Current studies have indicated that the injury of nervous tissues promotes oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, as well as excessive accumulation of LPC, enhancing the membrane hyperexcitability to induce chronic pain, which may be recognized as one of the hallmarks of chronic pain. However, findings from lipidomic studies of LPC have been lacking in the context of chronic pain. In this review, we focus in some detail on LPC sources, biochemical pathways, and the signal-transduction system. Moreover, we outline the detection methods of LPC for accurate analysis of each individual LPC species and reveal the pathophysiological implication of LPC in chronic pain, which makes it an interesting target for biomarkers and the development of medicine regarding chronic pain.
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7
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McKamey SG, Jira LR, Tweed CM, Blake SD, Powell DP, Daghistani AT, Koh DW. Antagonism of the transient receptor potential melastatin‑2 channel leads to targeted antitumor effects in primary human malignant melanoma cells. Int J Oncol 2022; 60:43. [PMID: 35234266 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2022.5333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma continues to be the most aggressive and devastating form of skin cancer for which the development of novel therapies is required. The present study aimed to determine the effects of antagonism of the transient receptor potential melastatin‑2 (TRPM2) ion channel in primary human malignant melanoma cells. TRPM2 antagonism via use of the antifungal agent, clotrimazole, led to decreases in cell proliferation, as well as dose‑dependent increases in cell death in all melanoma cell lines investigated. The targeting of TRPM2 channels was verified using TRPM2 knockdown, where treatment with TRPM2 small‑interfering RNA led to similar levels of cell death in all melanoma cell lines when compared with clotrimazole treatment. Minimal effects on proliferation and cell death were observed following antagonism or knockdown of TRPM2 in non‑cancerous human keratinocytes. Moreover, characteristics of TRPM2 were explored in these melanoma cells and the results demonstrated that TRPM2, localized to the plasma membrane as a non‑specific ion channel in non‑cancerous cells, displayed a nuclear localization in all human melanoma cell lines analyzed. Additional characterization of these melanoma cell lines confirmed that each expressed one or more established multidrug resistance genes. Results of the present study therefore indicated that antagonism of the TRPM2 channel led to antitumor effects in human melanoma cells, including those that are potentially unresponsive to current treatments due to the expression of drug resistance genes. The unique cellular localization of TRPM2 and the specificity of the antitumor effects elicited by TRPM2 antagonism suggested that TRPM2 possesses a unique role in melanoma cells. Collectively, the targeting of TRPM2 represents a potentially novel, efficacious and readily accessible treatment option for patients with melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby G McKamey
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Ohio Northern University, Ada, OH 45810, USA
| | - Lukas R Jira
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Ohio Northern University, Ada, OH 45810, USA
| | - Christopher M Tweed
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Ohio Northern University, Ada, OH 45810, USA
| | - Steven D Blake
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Ohio Northern University, Ada, OH 45810, USA
| | - Daniel P Powell
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Ohio Northern University, Ada, OH 45810, USA
| | - Ayah T Daghistani
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Ohio Northern University, Ada, OH 45810, USA
| | - David W Koh
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Ohio Northern University, Ada, OH 45810, USA
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8
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Zhang N, Tang C, Ma Q, Wang W, Shi M, Zhou X, Chen F, Ma C, Li X, Chen G, Gao D. Comprehensive serum metabolic and proteomic characterization on cognitive dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:559. [PMID: 33987257 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-4583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Given the increased incidence of Parkinson's disease (PD) and the lack of accurate early diagnosis of PD with cognitive impairment (PD-CI), we compared the serum metabolomes and proteomes of 26 patients with PD without cognitive impairment (PD-N) and 31 patients with PD-CI by combining grade-dependent proteomics and metabolomics analyses. Methods Logistic and linear regression analyses were performed for differential metabolic indicators, cognition, and clinical diagnosis. Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) was used to identify metabolites linked to different pathways. Bioinformatics revealed 16 differentially expressed proteins and 32 metabolites. Results The positive metabolic indicators related to the differential proteins were one sphingolipid, five phosphatidylcholines, and five long-chain fatty acids. The obtained metabolic and proteomics IPA network highlighted the central term of this network was inflammation and abnormal lipid metabolism which are prominent in PD-CI. There was a strong negative correlation between the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)score and LPC (18:1). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) of LPC (18:1) for PD-N and PD-CI showed that the area under the curve (AUC) value was 0.660 (P=0.039). Conclusions In conclusion, serum LPC (18:1) is inversely linked to cognition in PD and presented its potential clinical value in distinguishing the presence or absence of cognitive impairment in PD. The deeper implication of our discovery indicates abnormal lipid metabolism is associated with changes of cognitive status and suggests the potential for possibility of immune system- inflammatory involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,School of Food (Biology) Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chuanxi Tang
- Department of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qiong Ma
- School of Nursing, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Rehabilitation, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Mingyu Shi
- Department of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhou
- Department of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Fangfang Chen
- Department of Neurology, Shuyang Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Shuyang, China
| | - Chengcheng Ma
- Department of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xue Li
- School of Nursing, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Dianshuai Gao
- Department of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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9
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Tian C, Li S, He L, Han X, Tang F, Huang R, Lin Z, Deng S, Xu J, Huang H, Zhao H, Li Z. Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 contributes to the lysophosphatidylcholine-induced oxidative stress and cytotoxicity in OLN-93 oligodendrocyte. Cell Stress Chaperones 2020; 25:955-968. [PMID: 32572784 PMCID: PMC7591684 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-020-01131-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), the non-selective cation channel, was found that can mediate the generation of multiple sclerosis, while the mechanism is still controversial. Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) is a critical trigger of multiple sclerosis which results from the syndrome of neuronal inflammation and demyelination. In this work, we suggested that TRPA1 can mediate the LPC-induced oxidative stress and cytotoxicity in OLN-93 oligodendrocyte. The expression of TRPA1 in OLN-93 was detected by using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunofluorescence. The calcium overload induced by LPC via TRPA1 was detected by calcium imaging. The mechanism of LPC-induced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) generation, mitochondria membrane depolarization, nitric oxide (NO) increase, and development of superoxide production via TRPA1 was verified by using confocal imaging. The cell injury elicited by LPC via TRPA1 was confirmed by both CCK-8 and LDH cytotoxicity detection. These results indicate that TRPA1 plays an important role of the LPC-induced oxidative stress and cell damage in OLN-93 oligodendrocyte. Therefore, inhibition of TRPA1 may protect the LPC-induced demyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Tian
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangzhou JYK Biotechnology Company Limited, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuai Li
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lang He
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaobo Han
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Feng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangzhou JYK Biotechnology Company Limited, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Rongqi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zuoxian Lin
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Sihao Deng
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Junjie Xu
- Guangzhou JYK Biotechnology Company Limited, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hualin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huifang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Guangzhou JYK Biotechnology Company Limited, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- GZMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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10
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Plastini MJ, Desu HL, Brambilla R. Dynamic Responses of Microglia in Animal Models of Multiple Sclerosis. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:269. [PMID: 32973458 PMCID: PMC7468479 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia play an essential role in maintaining central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis, as well as responding to injury and disease. Most neurological disorders feature microglial activation, a process whereby microglia undergo profound morphological and transcriptional changes aimed at containing CNS damage and promoting repair, but often resulting in overt inflammation that sustains and propagates the neurodegenerative process. This is especially evident in multiple sclerosis (MS), were microglial activation and microglia-driven neuroinflammation are considered key events in the onset, progression, and resolution of the disease. Our understanding of microglial functions in MS has widened exponentially in the last decade by way of new tools and markers to discriminate microglia from other myeloid populations. Consequently, the complex functional and phenotypical diversity of microglia can now be appreciated. This, in combination with a variety of animal models that mimic specific features and processes of MS, has contributed to filling the gap of knowledge in the cascade of events underlying MS pathophysiology. The purpose of this review is to present the most up to date knowledge of the dynamic responses of microglia in the commonly used animal models of MS, specifically the immune-mediated experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model, and the chemically-induced cuprizone and lysolecithin models. Elucidating the spectrum of microglial functions in these models, from detrimental to protective, is essential to identify emerging targets for therapy and guide drug discovery efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie J Plastini
- The Miami Project To Cure Paralysis, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.,The Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Haritha L Desu
- The Miami Project To Cure Paralysis, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.,The Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Roberta Brambilla
- The Miami Project To Cure Paralysis, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.,The Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.,Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,BRIDGE-Brain Research Inter-Disciplinary Guided Excellence, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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11
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Duitama M, Vargas-López V, Casas Z, Albarracin SL, Sutachan JJ, Torres YP. TRP Channels Role in Pain Associated With Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:782. [PMID: 32848557 PMCID: PMC7417429 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) are cation channels expressed in both non-excitable and excitable cells from diverse tissues, including heart, lung, and brain. The TRP channel family includes 28 isoforms activated by physical and chemical stimuli, such as temperature, pH, osmotic pressure, and noxious stimuli. Recently, it has been shown that TRP channels are also directly or indirectly activated by reactive oxygen species. Oxidative stress plays an essential role in neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, and TRP channels are involved in the progression of those diseases by mechanisms involving changes in the crosstalk between Ca2+ regulation, oxidative stress, and production of inflammatory mediators. TRP channels involved in nociception include members of the TRPV, TRPM, TRPA, and TRPC subfamilies that transduce physical and chemical noxious stimuli. It has also been reported that pain is a complex issue in patients with Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, and adequate management of pain in those conditions is still in discussion. TRPV1 has a role in neuroinflammation, a critical mechanism involved in neurodegeneration. Therefore, some studies have considered TRPV1 as a target for both pain treatment and neurodegenerative disorders. Thus, this review aimed to describe the TRP-dependent mechanism that can mediate pain sensation in neurodegenerative diseases and the therapeutic approach available to palliate pain and neurodegenerative symptoms throughout the regulation of these channels.
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12
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Tian Z, Chu T, Shields LBE, Zhu Q, Zhang YP, Kong M, Barnes GN, Wang Y, Shields CB, Cai J. Platelet-Activating Factor Deteriorates Lysophosphatidylcholine-Induced Demyelination Via Its Receptor-Dependent and -Independent Effects. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:4069-4081. [PMID: 32661728 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02003-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that platelet-activating factor (PAF) increases the inflammatory response in demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis. However, PAF receptor (PAFR) antagonists do not show therapeutic efficacy for MS, and its underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In the present study, we investigated the effects of PAF on an ex vivo demyelination cerebellar model following lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC, 0.5 mg/mL) application using wild-type and PAFR conventional knockout (PAFR-KO) mice. Demyelination was induced in cerebellar slices that were cultured with LPC for 18 h. Exogenous PAF (1 μM) acting on cerebellar slices alone did not cause demyelination but increased the severity of LPC-induced demyelination in both wild-type and PAFR-KO mice. LPC inhibited the expression of PAF-AH, MBP, TNF-α, and TGF-β1 but facilitated the expression of IL-1β and IL-6 in wild-type preparations. Of note, exogenous PAF stimulated microglial activation in both wild-type and PAFR-KO mice. The subsequent inflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6 as well as the anti-inflammatory cytokine TGF-β1 demonstrated a diverse transcriptional profile with or without LPC treatment. PAF promoted TNF-α expression and suppressed TGF-β1 expression indiscriminately in wild-type and knockout slices; however, transcription of IL-1β and IL-6 was not significantly affected in both slices. The syntheses of IL-1β and IL-6 were significantly increased in LPC-induced demyelination preparations without PAF but showed a redundancy in PAF-treated wild-type and knockout slices. These data suggest that PAF can play a detrimental role in LPC-induced demyelination probably due to a redundant response of PAFR-dependent and PAFR-independent effects on inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhisen Tian
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China.,Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Tianci Chu
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Lisa B E Shields
- Norton Neuroscience Institute, Norton Healthcare, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Qingsan Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yi Ping Zhang
- Norton Neuroscience Institute, Norton Healthcare, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Maiying Kong
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of Louisville School of Public Health & Information Sciences, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Gregory N Barnes
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Yuanyi Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Christopher B Shields
- Norton Neuroscience Institute, Norton Healthcare, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Jun Cai
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA. .,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
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13
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Wilson RL, Sylvester CB, Wiltz DC, Kumar A, Malik TH, Morrisett JD, Grande-Allen KJ. The Ryanodine Receptor Contributes to the Lysophosphatidylcholine-Induced Mineralization in Valvular Interstitial Cells. Cardiovasc Eng Technol 2020; 11:316-327. [PMID: 32356274 PMCID: PMC10558202 DOI: 10.1007/s13239-020-00463-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Fibrocalcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is caused by the deposition of calcific nodules in the aortic valve leaflets, resulting in progressive loss of function that ultimately requires surgical intervention. This process is actively mediated by the resident valvular interstitial cells (VICs), which, in response to oxidized lipids, transition from a quiescent to an osteoblast-like state. The purpose of this study was to examine if the ryanodine receptor, an intracellular calcium channel, could be therapeutically targeted to prevent this phenotypic conversion. METHODS The expression of the ryanodine receptor in porcine aortic VICs was characterized by qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence. Next, the VICs were exposed to lysophosphatidylcholine, an oxidized lipid commonly found in low-density lipoprotein, while the activity of the ryanodine receptor was modulated with ryanodine. The cultures were analyzed for markers of cellular mineralization, alkaline phosphatase activity, proliferation, and apoptosis. RESULTS Porcine aortic VICs predominantly express isoform 3 of the ryanodine receptors, and this protein mediates the cellular response to LPC. Exposure to LPC caused elevated intracellular calcium concentration in VICs, raised levels of alkaline phosphatase activity, and increased calcific nodule formation, but these changes were reversed when the activity of the ryanodine receptor was blocked. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest blocking the activity of the ryanodine receptor can attenuate the valvular mineralization caused by LPC. We conclude that oxidized lipids, such as LPC, play an important role in the development and progression of CAVD and that the ryanodine receptor is a promising target for pharmacological intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reid L Wilson
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., MS 142, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Christopher B Sylvester
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., MS 142, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Dena C Wiltz
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., MS 142, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Aditya Kumar
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., MS 142, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Tahir H Malik
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., MS 142, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Joel D Morrisett
- Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - K Jane Grande-Allen
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., MS 142, Houston, TX, 77005, USA.
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14
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Liu P, Zhu W, Chen C, Yan B, Zhu L, Chen X, Peng C. The mechanisms of lysophosphatidylcholine in the development of diseases. Life Sci 2020; 247:117443. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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15
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Tian C, Huang R, Tang F, Lin Z, Cheng N, Han X, Li S, Zhou P, Deng S, Huang H, Zhao H, Xu J, Li Z. Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 Contributes to Lysophosphatidylcholine-Induced Intracellular Calcium Regulation and THP-1-Derived Macrophage Activation. J Membr Biol 2019; 253:43-55. [PMID: 31820013 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-019-00104-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) is a major atherogenic lipid that stimulates an increase in mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) and the release of cytokines under inflammasome activation. However, the potential receptors of LPC in macrophages are poorly understood. Members of the transient receptor potential (TRP) channel superfamily, which is crucially involved in transducing environmental irritant stimuli into nociceptor activity, are potential receptors of LPC. In this study, we investigated whether LPC can induce the activation of transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), a member of the TRP superfamily. The functional expression of TRPA1 was first detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blotting and calcium imaging in human acute monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1)-derived macrophages. The mechanism by which LPC induces the activation of macrophages through TRPA1 was verified by cytoplasmic and mitochondrial calcium imaging, mtROS detection, a JC-1 assay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, the CCK-8 assay and the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) cytotoxic assay. LPC induced the activation of THP-1-derived macrophages via calcium influx, and this activation was suppressed by potent and selective inhibitors of TRPA1. These results indicated that TRPA1 can mediate mtROS generation, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, the secretion of IL-1β and cytotoxicity through cellular and mitochondrial Ca2+ influx in LPC-treated THP-1-derived macrophages. Therefore, the inhibition of TRPA1 may protect THP-1-derived macrophages against LPC-induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Tian
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, #190 Kai-Yuan Road, Guangzhou Science Park, Guangzhou, 510530, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Rongqi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, #190 Kai-Yuan Road, Guangzhou Science Park, Guangzhou, 510530, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Feng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, #190 Kai-Yuan Road, Guangzhou Science Park, Guangzhou, 510530, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zuoxian Lin
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, #190 Kai-Yuan Road, Guangzhou Science Park, Guangzhou, 510530, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Na Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, #190 Kai-Yuan Road, Guangzhou Science Park, Guangzhou, 510530, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaobo Han
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, #190 Kai-Yuan Road, Guangzhou Science Park, Guangzhou, 510530, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuai Li
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, #190 Kai-Yuan Road, Guangzhou Science Park, Guangzhou, 510530, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Sihao Deng
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hualin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, #190 Kai-Yuan Road, Guangzhou Science Park, Guangzhou, 510530, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huifang Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, #190 Kai-Yuan Road, Guangzhou Science Park, Guangzhou, 510530, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junjie Xu
- Guangzhou JYK Biotechnology Company Limited, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiyuan Li
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China. .,Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, #190 Kai-Yuan Road, Guangzhou Science Park, Guangzhou, 510530, China. .,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. .,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. .,GZMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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16
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Malko P, Syed Mortadza SA, McWilliam J, Jiang LH. TRPM2 Channel in Microglia as a New Player in Neuroinflammation Associated With a Spectrum of Central Nervous System Pathologies. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:239. [PMID: 30914955 PMCID: PMC6423084 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglial cells in the central nervous system (CNS) are crucial in maintaining a healthy environment for neurons to function properly. However, aberrant microglial cell activation can lead to excessive generation of neurotoxic proinflammatory mediators and neuroinflammation, which represents a contributing factor in a wide spectrum of CNS pathologies, including ischemic stroke, traumatic brain damage, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, psychiatric disorders, autism spectrum disorders, and chronic neuropathic pain. Oxidative stress is a salient and common feature of these conditions and has been strongly implicated in microglial cell activation and neuroinflammation. The transient receptor potential melastatin-related 2 (TRPM2) channel, an oxidative stress-sensitive calcium-permeable cationic channel, is highly expressed in microglial cells. In this review, we examine the recent studies that provide evidence to support an important role for the TRPM2 channel, particularly TRPM2-mediated Ca2+ signaling, in mediating microglial cell activation, generation of proinflammatory mediators and neuroinflammation, which are of relevance to CNS pathologies. These findings lead to a growing interest in the TRPM2 channel, a new player in neuroinflammation, as a novel therapeutic target for CNS diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippa Malko
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Sharifah A Syed Mortadza
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,Department of Biochemistry, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Joseph McWilliam
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Lin-Hua Jiang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
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17
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Yang R, Wang H, Wen J, Ma K, Chen D, Chen Z, Huang C. Regulation of microglial process elongation, a featured characteristic of microglial plasticity. Pharmacol Res 2018; 139:286-297. [PMID: 30476531 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Microglia, a type of glia within the brain characterized by a ramified morphology, are essential for removing neuronal debris and restricting the expansion of a lesion site. Upon moderate activation, they undergo a transformation in morphology inducing beneficial responses. However, upon strong stimulation, they mediate neuronal damage via production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The inhibition of this cascade is considered an effective strategy for neuroinflammation-associated disorder therapy. During this pathological activation microglia also undergo a shortening of process length which contributes to the pathogenesis of such disorders. Thus, microglial plasticity should be considered to have two components: one is the production of inflammatory mediators, and the other is the dynamic changes in their processes. The former role has been well-documented in previous studies, while the latter one remains largely unknown. Recently, we and others have reported that the elongation of microglial process is associated with the transformation of microglia from a pro-inflammatory to an anti-inflammatory state, suggesting that the shortening of process length would make the microglia lose their ability to restrict pathological injury, while the elongation of microglial process would help attenuate neuroinflammation. Compared with the traditional anti-neuroinflammatory strategy, stimulating elongation of microglial process not only reduces the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, but restores the ability of microglia to scan their surrounding environments, thus rendering their homeostasis regulation more effective. In this review, we provide a discussion of the factors that regulate microglial process elongation in vitro and in vivo, aiming to further drive the understanding of microglial process plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, #20 Xisi Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, #19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China; Department of Neuroscience & Cell Biology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 675 Hoes lane, Piscataway, 08854, NJ, United States
| | - Jie Wen
- Beijing Allwegene Health, B-607 Wanlin Technology Mansion, 8 Malianwa North Road, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Kai Ma
- Probiotics Australia, 24-30 Blanck Street, Ormeau, QLD, 4208, Australia
| | - Dongjian Chen
- Invasive Technology Department, Nantong First People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, #6 North Road Hai'er Xiang, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Invasive Technology Department, Nantong First People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, #6 North Road Hai'er Xiang, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, #19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China.
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18
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The TRPM2 channel nexus from oxidative damage to Alzheimer's pathologies: An emerging novel intervention target for age-related dementia. Ageing Res Rev 2018; 47:67-79. [PMID: 30009973 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), an age-related neurodegenerative condition, is the most common cause of dementia among the elder people, but currently there is no treatment. A number of putative pathogenic events, particularly amyloid β peptide (Aβ) accumulation, are believed to be early triggers that initiate AD. However, thus far targeting Aβ generation/aggregation as the mainstay strategy of drug development has not led to effective AD-modifying therapeutics. Oxidative damage is a conspicuous feature of AD, but this remains poorly defined phenomenon and mechanistically ill understood. The TRPM2 channel has emerged as a potentially ubiquitous molecular mechanism mediating oxidative damage and thus plays a vital role in the pathogenesis and progression of diverse neurodegenerative diseases. This article will review the emerging evidence from recent studies and propose a novel 'hypothesis' that multiple TRPM2-mediated cellular and molecular mechanisms cascade Aβ and/or oxidative damage to AD pathologies. The 'hypothesis' based on these new findings discusses the prospect of considering the TRPM2 channel as a novel therapeutic target for intervening AD and age-related dementia.
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19
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Shirakawa H, Kaneko S. Physiological and Pathophysiological Roles of Transient Receptor Potential Channels in Microglia-Related CNS Inflammatory Diseases. Biol Pharm Bull 2018; 41:1152-1157. [PMID: 30068863 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b18-00319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) inflammation is a potential therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases. In recent years, a number of studies have focused on the links between neurodegenerative diseases and CNS glial cells, especially microglia. Microglia are the main resident immune cells in the CNS and represent approximately 10-15% of all CNS cells. Microglia play an important role in maintaining brain homeostasis at rest by surveying the environment, and engulfing apoptotic cells and debris in the healthy brain. However, under certain pathological conditions, microglia can generate neurotoxic factors, such as pro-inflammatory cytokines and molecules like nitric oxide (NO), which lead to CNS inflammatory diseases. In this review, we discuss the evidence that regulation of microglial ion channels may modulate CNS inflammation and subsequent tissue damage in neurological disorders. In particular, we discuss the role of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels in microglia in both acute and chronic inflammatory conditions, and describe the physiological and pathophysiological roles of TRP channels in CNS inflammatory pathways. Additionally, we describe the benefits of stimulation/inhibition of TRP channels in animal models of microglia-related CNS inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Shirakawa
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University
| | - Shuji Kaneko
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University
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20
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Thei L, Imm J, Kaisis E, Dallas ML, Kerrigan TL. Microglia in Alzheimer's Disease: A Role for Ion Channels. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:676. [PMID: 30323735 PMCID: PMC6172337 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia, it is estimated to affect over 40 million people worldwide. Classically, the disease has been characterized by the neuropathological hallmarks of aggregated extracellular amyloid-β and intracellular paired helical filaments of hyperphosphorylated tau. A wealth of evidence indicates a pivotal role for the innate immune system, such as microglia, and inflammation in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease. The over production and aggregation of Alzheimer's associated proteins results in chronic inflammation and disrupts microglial clearance of these depositions. Despite being non-excitable, microglia express a diverse array of ion channels which shape their physiological functions. In support of this, there is a growing body of evidence pointing to the involvement of microglial ion channels contributing to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. In this review, we discuss the evidence for an array of microglia ion channels and their importance in modulating microglial homeostasis and how this process could be disrupted in Alzheimer's disease. One promising avenue for assessing the role that microglia play in the initiation and progression of Alzheimer's disease is through using induced pluripotent stem cell derived microglia. Here, we examine what is already understood in terms of the molecular underpinnings of inflammation in Alzheimer's disease, and the utility that inducible pluripotent stem cell derived microglia may have to advance this knowledge. We outline the variability that occurs between the use of animal and human models with regards to the importance of microglial ion channels in generating a relevant functional model of brain inflammation. Overcoming these hurdles will be pivotal in order to develop new drug targets and progress our understanding of the pathological mechanisms involved in Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Thei
- Reading School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Imm
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Eleni Kaisis
- Reading School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Mark L Dallas
- Reading School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Talitha L Kerrigan
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
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21
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Lively S, Schlichter LC. Microglia Responses to Pro-inflammatory Stimuli (LPS, IFNγ+TNFα) and Reprogramming by Resolving Cytokines (IL-4, IL-10). Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:215. [PMID: 30087595 PMCID: PMC6066613 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia respond to CNS injuries and diseases with complex reactions, often called "activation." A pro-inflammatory phenotype (also called classical or M1 activation) lies at one extreme of the reactivity spectrum. There were several motivations for this study. First, bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) is the most commonly used pro-inflammatory stimulus for microglia, both in vitro and in vivo; however, pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IFNγ, TNFα) rather than LPS will be encountered with sterile CNS damage and disease. We lack direct comparisons of responses between LPS and such cytokines. Second, while transcriptional profiling is providing substantial data on microglial responses to LPS, these studies mainly use mouse cells and models, and there is increasing evidence that responses of rat microglia can differ. Third, the cytokine milieu is dynamic after acute CNS damage, and an important question in microglial biology is: How malleable are their responses? There are very few studies of effects of resolving cytokines, particularly for rat microglia, and much of the work has focused on pro-inflammatory outcomes. Here, we first exposed primary rat microglia to LPS or to IFNγ+TNFα (I+T) and compared hallmark functional (nitric oxide production, migration) and molecular responses (almost 100 genes), including surface receptors that can be considered part of the sensome. Protein changes for exemplary molecules were also quantified: ARG1, CD206/MRC1, COX-2, iNOS, and PYK2. Despite some similarities, there were notable differences in responses to LPS and I+T. For instance, LPS often evoked higher pro-inflammatory gene expression and also increased several anti-inflammatory genes. Second, we compared the ability of two anti-inflammatory, resolving cytokines (IL-4, IL-10), to counteract responses to LPS and I+T. IL-4 was more effective after I+T than after LPS, and IL-10 was surprisingly ineffective after either stimulus. These results should prove useful in modeling microglial reactivity in vitro; and comparing transcriptional responses to sterile CNS inflammation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Starlee Lively
- Division of Genetics & Development, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lyanne C Schlichter
- Division of Genetics & Development, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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22
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Xia Q, Li X, Zhou H, Zheng L, Shi J. S100A11 protects against neuronal cell apoptosis induced by cerebral ischemia via inhibiting the nuclear translocation of annexin A1. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:657. [PMID: 29844306 PMCID: PMC5974363 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0686-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The subcellular location of annexin A1 (ANXA1) determines the ultimate fate of neurons after ischemic stroke. ANXA1 nuclear translocation is involved in neuronal apoptosis after cerebral ischemia, and extracellular ANXA1 is also associated with regulation of inflammatory responses. As the factors and mechanism that influence ANXA1 subcellular translocation remain unclear, studies aiming to determine and clarify the role of ANXA1 as a cell fate ‘regulator’ within cells are critically needed. In this study, we found that intracerebroventricular injection of the recombinant adenovirus vector Ad-S100A11 (carrying S100A11) strongly improved cognitive function and induced robust neuroprotective effects after ischemic stroke in vivo. Furthermore, upregulation of S100A11 protected against neuronal apoptosis induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R) in vitro. Surprisingly, S100A11 overexpression markedly decreased ANXA1 nuclear translocation and subsequently alleviated OGD/R-induced neuronal apoptosis. Notably, S100A11 exerted its neuroprotective effect by directly binding ANXA1. Importantly, S100A11 directly interacted with ANXA1 through the nuclear translocation signal (NTS) of ANXA1, which is essential for ANXA1 to import into the nucleus. Consistent with our previous studies, ANXA1 nuclear translocation after OGD/R promoted p53 transcriptional activity, induced mRNA expression of the pro-apoptotic Bid gene, and activated the caspase-3 apoptotic pathway, which was almost completely reversed by S100A11 overexpression. Thus, S100A11 protects against cell apoptosis by inhibiting OGD/R-induced ANXA1 nuclear translocation. This study provides a novel mechanism whereby S100A11 protects against neuronal cells apoptosis, suggesting the potential for a previously unidentified treatment strategy in minimizing apoptosis after ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xia
- Department of Neurobiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Institute for Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Neurobiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Institute for Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijuan Zhou
- Department of Neurobiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Institute for Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Zheng
- Department of Neurobiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Institute for Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Shi
- Department of Neurobiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, People's Republic of China. .,Institute for Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
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23
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mRNA expression of transient receptor potential melastatin (TRPM) channels 2 and 7 in perinatal brain development. Int J Dev Neurosci 2018; 69:23-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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24
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The role of TRPM2 channels in neurons, glial cells and the blood-brain barrier in cerebral ischemia and hypoxia. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2018. [PMID: 29542681 PMCID: PMC5943904 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2017.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide, yet novel therapeutic treatments for this condition are lacking. This review focuses on the roles of the transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) ion channels in cellular damage following hypoxia-ischemia and their potential as a future therapeutic target for stroke. Here, we highlight the complex molecular signaling that takes place in neurons, glial cells and the blood-brain barrier following ischemic insult. We also describe the evidence of TRPM2 involvement in these processes, as shown from numerous in vitro and in vivo studies that utilize genetic and pharmacological approaches. This evidence implicates TRPM2 in a broad range of pathways that take place every stage of cerebral ischemic injury, thus making TRPM2 a promising target for drug development for stroke and other neurodegenerative conditions of the central nervous system.
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25
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TRPM2 Channel Aggravates CNS Inflammation and Cognitive Impairment via Activation of Microglia in Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion. J Neurosci 2018; 38:3520-3533. [PMID: 29507145 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2451-17.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion is a characteristic seen in widespread CNS diseases, including neurodegenerative and mental disorders, and is commonly accompanied by cognitive impairment. Recently, several studies demonstrated that chronic cerebral hypoperfusion can induce the excessive inflammatory responses that precede neuronal dysfunction; however, the precise mechanism of cognitive impairment due to chronic cerebral hypoperfusion remains unknown. Transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) is a Ca2+-permeable channel that is abundantly expressed in immune cells and is involved in aggravation of inflammatory responses. Therefore, we investigated the pathophysiological role of TRPM2 in a mouse chronic cerebral hypoperfusion model with bilateral common carotid artery stenosis (BCAS). When male mice were subjected to BCAS, cognitive dysfunction and white matter injury at day 28 were significantly improved in TRPM2 knock-out (TRPM2-KO) mice compared with wild-type (WT) mice, whereas hippocampal damage was not observed. There were no differences in blood-brain barrier breakdown and H2O2 production between the two genotypes at 14 and 28 d after BCAS. Cytokine production was significantly suppressed in BCAS-operated TRPM2-KO mice compared with WT mice at day 28. In addition, the number of Iba1-positive cells gradually decreased from day 14. Moreover, daily treatment with minocycline significantly improved cognitive perturbation. Surgical techniques using bone marrow chimeric mice revealed that activated Iba1-positive cells in white matter could be brain-resident microglia, not peripheral macrophages. Together, these findings suggest that microglia contribute to the aggravation of cognitive impairment by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion, and that TRPM2 may be a potential target for chronic cerebral hypoperfusion-related disorders.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion is manifested in a wide variety of CNS diseases, including neurodegenerative and mental disorders that are accompanied by cognitive impairment; however, the underlying mechanisms require clarification. Here, we used a chronic cerebral hypoperfusion mouse model to investigate whether TRPM2, a Ca2+-permeable cation channel highly expressed in immune cells, plays a destructive role in the development of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion-induced cognitive impairment, and propose a new hypothesis in which TRPM2-mediated activation of microglia, not macrophages, specifically contributes to the pathology through the aggravation of inflammatory responses. These findings shed light on the understanding of the mechanisms of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion-related inflammation, and are expected to provide a novel therapeutic molecule for cognitive impairment in CNS diseases.
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26
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Almasi S, Kennedy BE, El-Aghil M, Sterea AM, Gujar S, Partida-Sánchez S, El Hiani Y. TRPM2 channel-mediated regulation of autophagy maintains mitochondrial function and promotes gastric cancer cell survival via the JNK-signaling pathway. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:3637-3650. [PMID: 29343514 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.817635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A lack of effective treatment is one of the main factors contributing to gastric cancer-related death. Discovering effective targets and understanding their underlying anti-cancer mechanism are key to achieving the best response to treatment and to limiting side effects. Although recent studies have shown that the cation channel transient receptor potential melastatin-2 (TRPM2) is crucial for cancer cell survival, the exact mechanism remains unclear, limiting its therapeutic potential. Here, using molecular and functional assays, we investigated the role of TRPM2 in survival of gastric cancer cells. Our results indicated that TRPM2 knockdown in AGS and MKN-45 cells decreases cell proliferation and enhances apoptosis. We also observed that the TRPM2 knockdown impairs mitochondrial metabolism, indicated by a decrease in basal and maximal mitochondrial oxygen consumption rates and ATP production. These mitochondrial defects coincided with a decrease in autophagy and mitophagy, indicated by reduced levels of autophagy- and mitophagy-associated proteins (i.e. ATGs, LC3A/B II, and BNIP3). Moreover, we found that TRPM2 modulates autophagy through a c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)-dependent and mechanistic target of rapamycin-independent pathway. We conclude that in the absence of TRPM2, down-regulation of the JNK-signaling pathway impairs autophagy, ultimately causing the accumulation of damaged mitochondria and death of gastric cancer cells. Of note, by inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis, the TRPM2 down-regulation enhanced the efficacy of paclitaxel and doxorubicin in gastric cancer cells. Collectively, we provide compelling evidence that TRPM2 inhibition may benefit therapeutic approaches for managing gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Andra M Sterea
- Physiology, Biophysics Faculty of Life Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax and
| | - Shashi Gujar
- Pathology.,Microbiology and Immunology, and.,the Centre for Innovative and Collaborative Health Services Research, Quality and System Performance, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Santiago Partida-Sánchez
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital and.,the Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43205
| | - Yassine El Hiani
- Physiology, Biophysics Faculty of Life Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax and
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27
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Alawieyah Syed Mortadza S, Sim JA, Neubrand VE, Jiang LH. A critical role of TRPM2 channel in Aβ42
-induced microglial activation and generation of tumor necrosis factor-α. Glia 2017; 66:562-575. [DOI: 10.1002/glia.23265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sharifah Alawieyah Syed Mortadza
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences; University of Leeds; Leeds UK
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Science; University Putra Malaysia; Selangor Malaysia
| | - Joan A. Sim
- School of Medicine; University of Manchester; Manchester UK
| | - Veronika E. Neubrand
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, IPBLN-CSIC, Avda Conocimiento, PT Ciencias de La Salud; Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine López-Neyra; Granada Spain
| | - Lin-Hua Jiang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences; University of Leeds; Leeds UK
- Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury of Henan Province and Department of Physiology and Neurobiology; Xinxiang Medical University; Xinxiang China
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28
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Zierler S, Hampe S, Nadolni W. TRPM channels as potential therapeutic targets against pro-inflammatory diseases. Cell Calcium 2017; 67:105-115. [PMID: 28549569 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The immune system protects our body against foreign pathogens. However, if it overshoots or turns against itself, pro-inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, or diabetes develop. Ions, the most basic signaling molecules, shape intracellular signaling cascades resulting in immune cell activation and subsequent immune responses. Mutations in ion channels required for calcium signaling result in human immunodeficiencies and highlight those ion channels as valued targets for therapies against pro-inflammatory diseases. Signaling pathways regulated by melastatin-like transient receptor potential (TRPM) cation channels also play crucial roles in calcium signaling and leukocyte physiology, affecting phagocytosis, degranulation, chemokine and cytokine expression, chemotaxis and invasion, as well as lymphocyte development and proliferation. Therefore, this review discusses their regulation, possible interactions and whether they can be exploited as targets for therapeutic approaches to pro-inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Zierler
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, LMU Munich, Germany.
| | - Sarah Hampe
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Wiebke Nadolni
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, LMU Munich, Germany
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