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Zaidi SAA, Chughtai N, Abbassi ZA, Alam J, Malick TS, Salim A, Saleem S. TUSC3, p53 and p21 genetic association with development of oral submucous fibrosis and oral squamous cell carcinoma among addictive tobacco chewers of Pakistan. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:780. [PMID: 38992585 PMCID: PMC11241966 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04501-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study delves into the intricate landscape of oral cancer, a global concern with a high incidence in Asian countries. We focus on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), primarily driven by the consumption of betel nut and its derivatives. OSCC often arises from premalignant lesions like oral submucous fibrosis (OSF). In Pakistan, OSCC is prevalent among men due to various addictive substances, including smokeless tobacco and chewing materials. Mutations in tumor suppressor genes, such as TP53 and p21, play crucial roles in this malignancy's development. We also explore the involvement of TUSC3 gene deletion in OSCC and OSF. METHODS In this study we investigated demographics, TUSC3 gene expression, deletion analysis, and TP53 and p21 genetic alterations in OSCC and OSF patients (blood and tissue of 50 samples in each condition) who had tobacco derivates usage history. The association analysis was carried out mainly through PCR based genotyping. RESULTS The study's patient cohort (OSCC and OSF) displayed a wide age range from 13 to 65 years (Mean = 32.96 years). Both conditions were more prevalent in males, with a male-female ratio of approximately 2.5:1. Chewing habits analysis revealed high frequencies of gutka use in both OSF and OSCC patients. TUSC3 expression analysis in OSCC cell lines indicated significant downregulation. Genotyping showed no TUSC3 deletion in OSF cases, but a deletion rate of over 22% in OSCC tissue samples. Analysis supported a significant association of TUSC3 deletion with OSCC development but not with OSF. Polymorphism in p53 exon 4 and p21 (rs1801270) were significantly associated with both OSCC and OSF, adding to their pathogenesis. Our findings further revealed a strong correlation between TUSC3 deletion and the excessive use of tobacco and related products, shedding light on the genetic underpinnings of OSCC development. CONCLUSIONS Notably, our study provides a crucial insight into genetic aspects underlying OSCC and OSF in response of addictive consumption of areca nut, betel quid, and tobacco derivatives. A significant association between TUSC3 deletion and OSCC development, along with polymorphisms in TP53 and p21, underscores the importance of further research into the molecular mechanisms driving oral cancer progression for improved diagnosis and treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Aqib Ali Zaidi
- The Karachi Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (KIBGE), University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Anti-Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | | | - Zubair Ahmed Abbassi
- Department of Dentistry, Jinnah Sindh Medical University (JSMU), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Jehan Alam
- Department of Dentistry, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre (JPMC), Karachi, 75510, Pakistan
| | - Tuba Shakil Malick
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research (PCMD), International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Asmat Salim
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research (PCMD), International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Saima Saleem
- The Karachi Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (KIBGE), University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
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Wu J, Xu X, Wu S, Shi W, Zhang G, Cao Y, Wang Z, Wu J, Jiang C. UBE2S promotes malignant properties via VHL/HIF-1α and VHL/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways and decreases sensitivity to sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Med 2023; 12:18078-18097. [PMID: 37563971 PMCID: PMC10523983 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2S (UBE2S), an E2 enzyme, is associated with the development of various tumors and exerts oncogenic activities. UBE2S is overexpressed in tumors, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the key molecular mechanisms of UBE2S in HCC still need additional research. The aim of this study was to explore the role of UBE2S in HCC. METHODS The expression levels of UBE2S in HCC tissues and cells were detected by western blot analysis, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis (qRT-PCR), and immunohistochemistry (IHC). A 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, wound healing assay, colony formation assay transwell assay, and animal models were used to detect the proliferation and migration ability of HCC cells. Western blot analysis, qRT-PCR, immunofluorescence, small-interfering RNA (siRNA), and plasmid transfection and coimmunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assays were performed to detect the interaction among UBE2S, von Hippel-Lindau (VHL), hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α), Janus kinase-2 (JAK2), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). RESULTS In this study, we found that high UBE2S expression was associated with poor prognosis in HCC patients. In addition, UBE2S expression was upregulated in HCC tissues and cell lines. Knockdown of UBE2S inhibited the proliferation and migration of HCC cells in vitro and in vivo by directly interacting with VHL to downregulate the HIF-1α and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways. Accordingly, overexpression of UBE2S significantly enhanced the proliferation and migration of HCC cells in vitro via VHL to upregulate HIF-1α and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways. Furthermore, we found that downregulation of UBE2S expression enhanced the sensitivity of HCC cells to sorafenib in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSION UBE2S enhances malignant properties via the VHL/HIF-1α and VHL/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways and reduces sensitivity to sorafenib in HCC. The findings of this study may open a new approach for HCC diagnosis and provide a potential option for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Wu
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong LaboratoryShounuo City Light West BlockJinanShandongChina
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Xiangjie Xu
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Shasha Wu
- Department of Clinical Medicine and RehabilitationJiangsu College of NursingHuai'anJiangsuChina
| | - Weiwei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular MedicineMedical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Guang Zhang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingJiangsuChina
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular MedicineMedical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Yin Cao
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingJiangsuChina
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular MedicineMedical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Zhongxia Wang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingJiangsuChina
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular MedicineMedical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Junhua Wu
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong LaboratoryShounuo City Light West BlockJinanShandongChina
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular MedicineMedical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Chunping Jiang
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong LaboratoryShounuo City Light West BlockJinanShandongChina
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingJiangsuChina
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular MedicineMedical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
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Zhao R, Yu Z, Mao X, Zheng Y, Wang Y, Zhou Y. Knockout of UBE2S inhibits the proliferation of gastric cancer cells and induces apoptosis by FAS-mediated death receptor pathway. Exp Cell Res 2022; 419:113293. [PMID: 35863455 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquitin binding enzyme E2S (UBE2S) is a member of ubiquitin binding enzyme family involved in a variety of biological functions, including cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, and regulation of the ubiquitination of proteins, which are closely correlated with the development of various tumors. However, its role in gastric cancer (GC) remains unknown. In this study, we found that UBE2S was upregulated in GC tissues and cells. Further, its high expression positively correlated with the tumor stage and indicated a poor prognosis. Knockout of UBE2S by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated strategy suppressed the growth of GC in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, RNA-Seq-based transcriptome analysis and tandem mass tag (TMT)-based quantitative proteomics analysis was performed for exploring the underlying mechanism. The multi-omics and verification results showed that UBE2S knockout-induced apoptosis and proliferation inhibition of GC cells was related to upregulation of FAS and the activation of the FAS-mediated apoptotic pathway. Moreover, a negative correlation between UBE2S and FAS expression was observed in GC tissue samples. Finally, the ubiquitination assay confirmed that knockout of UBE2S might activate endogenous FAS by inhibiting ubiquitination and degradation of p53 in GC cells. Collectively, UBE2S is expected to be a novel prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zeyuan Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaorong Mao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ya Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
| | - Yongning Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
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Arsenault HE, Ghizzoni JM, Leech CM, Diers AR, Gesta S, Vishnudas VK, Narain NR, Sarangarajan R, Benanti JA. Ubc1 turnover contributes to the spindle assembly checkpoint in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. G3 (BETHESDA, MD.) 2021; 11:jkab346. [PMID: 34586382 PMCID: PMC8664427 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkab346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The spindle assembly checkpoint protects the integrity of the genome by ensuring that chromosomes are properly attached to the mitotic spindle before they are segregated during anaphase. Activation of the spindle checkpoint results in inhibition of the Anaphase-Promoting Complex (APC), an E3 ubiquitin ligase that triggers the metaphase-anaphase transition. Here, we show that levels of Ubc1, an E2 enzyme that functions in complex with the APC, modulate the response to spindle checkpoint activation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Overexpression of Ubc1 increased resistance to microtubule poisons, whereas Ubc1 shut-off sensitized cells. We also found that Ubc1 levels are regulated by the spindle checkpoint. Checkpoint activation or direct APC inhibition led to a decrease in Ubc1 levels, charging, and half-life. Additionally, stabilization of Ubc1 prevented its down-regulation by the spindle checkpoint and increased resistance to checkpoint-activating drugs. These results suggest that down-regulation of Ubc1 in response to spindle checkpoint signaling is necessary for a robust cell cycle arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather E Arsenault
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Julie M Ghizzoni
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Cassandra M Leech
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jennifer A Benanti
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
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Gui L, Zhang S, Xu Y, Zhang H, Zhu Y, Kong L. UBE2S promotes cell chemoresistance through PTEN-AKT signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2021; 7:357. [PMID: 34785642 PMCID: PMC8595659 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00750-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquitination displays a crucial role in various biological functions, such as protein degradation, signal transduction, and cellular homeostasis. Accumulating evidence has indicated that ubiquitination is essential in cancer progression. Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2S (UBE2S) is a member of ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family of the ubiquitin system and its role in hepatocellular cancer (HCC) is largely unknown. We investigated the role of UBE2S in HCC and found UBE2S upregulation is relevant with large tumor size, recurrence, and advanced TNM stage, serving as an independent risk factor of overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) for HCC patients. We conducted in vitro experiments and found that in HCC cells, UBE2S overexpression increases the resistance to 5-FU and oxaliplatin, while UBE2S knockdown achieves an opposite effect. UBE2S is transcriptionally activated by the binding of FOXM1 to UBE2S promoter, which induces its upregulation and reduces PTEN protein level by promoting PTEN ubiquitination at Lys60 and Lys327 and facilitating AKT phosphorylation. The promotional effect of FOXM1-UBE2S axis on HCC cell chemoresistance is attenuated by allosteric AKT inhibitor, MK2206. In conclusion, our results reveal that UBE2S is a prognostic biomarker for HCC patients, and the FOXM1-UBE2S-PTEN-p-AKT signaling axis might be a promising target for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Gui
- grid.452509.f0000 0004 1764 4566Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210009 Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Sicai Zhang
- grid.452509.f0000 0004 1764 4566Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210009 Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Yongzi Xu
- grid.452509.f0000 0004 1764 4566Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210009 Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- grid.452509.f0000 0004 1764 4566Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210009 Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Lianbao Kong
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 210029, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
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UBE2S exerts oncogenic activities in urinary bladder cancer by ubiquitinating TSC1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 578:7-14. [PMID: 34520980 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.08.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2S (UBE2S), an important E2 enzyme in the process of ubiquitination, has exhibited oncogenic activities in various malignant tumors. However, it remains unknown whether UBE2S plays a role in urinary bladder cancer (UBC) development. In the current study, our data confirmed UBE2S upregulation in UBC. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that UBE2S knockdown resulted in attenuated proliferation and enhanced apoptosis, which was inverse to the phenotypes with UBE2S overexpression. Gain and loss of function assays confirmed that UBE2S exerts oncogenic activities in UBC by mediating the activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway. Furthermore, we discovered that this UBE2S-modulated carcinogenic mechanism was in the consequence of directly targeting tuberous sclerosis 1 (TSC1), which is the upstream inhibitor of mTOR signaling for ubiquitous degradation. Taken together, this study demonstrated that UBE2S is a carcinogen in UBC and promotes UBC progression by ubiquitously degrading TSC1. This consequently mediates the activation of the mTOR pathway, suggesting a potential therapeutic regimen for UBC by targeting the newly identified UBE2S/TSC1/mTOR axis.
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Wang T, Chen X, Jing F, Li Z, Tan H, Luo Y, Shi H. Identifying the hub genes in non-small cell lung cancer by integrated bioinformatics methods and analyzing the prognostic values. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 228:153654. [PMID: 34749208 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer, a malignant tumor, has the highest mortality and second most common morbidity worldwide. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common pathological subtype of lung cancer. This study aimed to identify the gene signature associated with the NSCLC prognosis using bioinformatics analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The dataset GSE103512 was utilized to construct co-expression networks using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses were performed using Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery. Gene set enrichment analysis was conducted to ascertain the function of the hub genes more accurately. The relationship between the hub genes and immune infiltration was investigated using a single sample gene set enrichment analysis. Hub genes were screened and validated by other datasets and online websites. RESULTS The results of WGCNA demonstrated that the blue module was most significantly related to tumor progression in NSCLC. Functional enrichment analysis showed that the blue module was associated with DNA replication, cell division, mitotic nuclear division, and cell cycle. A total of five hub genes (RFC5, UBE2S, CHAF1A, FANCI, and TMEM194A) were chosen to be identified and validated at transcriptional and translational levels. Receiver operating characteristic curve verified that the mRNA levels of these five genes can excellently discriminate between normal and tumor tissues. Survival analysis was also performed. Additionally, the protein levels of these five genes were also significantly different between tumor and normal tissues. Immune infiltration analysis showed that the expression levels of the hub genes had a negative correlation with the infiltration levels of many cells related to innate immune response, antigen-presenting process, humoral immune response, or T cell-mediated immune responses. CONCLUSIONS We identified five hub genes associated with the NSCLC tumorigenesis. NSCLC patients with higher expressions of each hub gene had a worse prognosis than those with lower expressions. Moreover, the hub genes might serve as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for precise diagnosis, target therapy, and immunotherapy of NSCLC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengyong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xiaoxuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Fangqi Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zehua Li
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Huaicheng Tan
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yiqiao Luo
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Huashan Shi
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Chen G, Yu M, Cao J, Zhao H, Dai Y, Cong Y, Qiao G. Identification of candidate biomarkers correlated with poor prognosis of breast cancer based on bioinformatics analysis. Bioengineered 2021; 12:5149-5161. [PMID: 34384030 PMCID: PMC8806858 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1960775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a malignancy with high incidence among women in the world. This study aims to screen key genes and potential prognostic biomarkers for BC using bioinformatics analysis. Total 58 normal tissues and 203 cancer tissues were collected from three Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) gene expression profiles, and then the differential expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Subsequently, the Gene Ontology (GO) function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG) pathway were analyzed to investigate the biological function of DEGs. Additionally, hub genes were screened by constructing a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network. Then, we explored the prognostic value and molecular mechanism of these hub genes using Kaplan–Meier (KM) curve and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). As a result, 42 up-regulated and 82 down-regulated DEGs were screened out from GEO datasets. The DEGs were mainly related to cell cycles and cell proliferation by GO and KEGG pathway analysis. Furthermore, 12 hub genes (FN1, AURKA, CCNB1, BUB1B, PRC1, TPX2, NUSAP1, TOP2A, KIF20A, KIF2C, RRM2, ASPM) with a high degree were identified initially, among which, 11 hub genes were significantly correlated with the prognosis of BC patients based on the Kaplan–Meier-plotter. GSEA reviewed that these hub genes correlated with KEGG_CELL_CYCLE and HALLMARK_P53_PATHWAY. In conclusion, this study identified 11 key genes as BC potential prognosis biomarkers on the basis of integrated bioinformatics analysis. This finding will improve our knowledge of the BC progress and mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Mingwei Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Jianqiao Cao
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Huishan Zhao
- Reproductive Medicine Centre, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Yuanping Dai
- Department of Medical Genetics, Liuzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Yizi Cong
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Guangdong Qiao
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, P.R. China
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Du X, Song H, Shen N, Hua R, Yang G. The Molecular Basis of Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes (E2s) as a Potential Target for Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073440. [PMID: 33810518 PMCID: PMC8037234 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2s) are one of the three enzymes required by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway to connect activated ubiquitin to target proteins via ubiquitin ligases. E2s determine the connection type of the ubiquitin chains, and different types of ubiquitin chains regulate the stability and activity of substrate proteins. Thus, E2s participate in the regulation of a variety of biological processes. In recent years, the importance of E2s in human health and diseases has been particularly emphasized. Studies have shown that E2s are dysregulated in variety of cancers, thus it might be a potential therapeutic target. However, the molecular basis of E2s as a therapeutic target has not been described systematically. We reviewed this issue from the perspective of the special position and role of E2s in the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, the structure of E2s and biological processes they are involved in. In addition, the inhibitors and microRNAs targeting E2s are also summarized. This article not only provides a direction for the development of effective drugs but also lays a foundation for further study on this enzyme in the future.
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Zhang RY, Liu ZK, Wei D, Yong YL, Lin P, Li H, Liu M, Zheng NS, Liu K, Hu CX, Yang XZ, Chen ZN, Bian H. UBE2S interacting with TRIM28 in the nucleus accelerates cell cycle by ubiquitination of p27 to promote hepatocellular carcinoma development. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:64. [PMID: 33589597 PMCID: PMC7884418 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00432-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic sequencing analysis of tumors provides potential molecular therapeutic targets for precision medicine. However, identifying a key driver gene or mutation that can be used for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment remains difficult. Here, we performed whole-exome sequencing on genomic DNA obtained from six pairs of HCC and adjacent tissues and identified two novel somatic mutations of UBE2S (p. Gly57Ala and p. Lys63Asn). Predictions of the functional effects of the mutations showed that two amino-acid substitutions were potentially deleterious. Further, we observed that wild-type UBE2S, especially in the nucleus, was significantly higher in HCC tissues than that in adjacent tissues and closely related to the clinicopathological features of patients with HCC. Functional assays revealed that overexpression of UBE2S promoted the proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and G1/S phase transition of HCC cells in vitro, and promoted the tumor growth significantly in vivo. Mechanistically, UBE2S interacted with TRIM28 in the nucleus, both together enhanced the ubiquitination of p27 to facilitate its degradation and cell cycle progression. Most importantly, the small-molecule cephalomannine was found by a luciferase-based sensitive high-throughput screen (HTS) to inhibit UBE2S expression and significantly attenuate HCC progression in vitro and in vivo, which may represent a promising strategy for HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Yu Zhang
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Ze-Kun Liu
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Ding Wei
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yu-Le Yong
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Peng Lin
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Hao Li
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Man Liu
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Nai-Shan Zheng
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Ke Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Cai-Xia Hu
- Oncology and Hepatobiliary Minimally Invasive Interventional Center, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xiao-Zhen Yang
- Oncology and Hepatobiliary Minimally Invasive Interventional Center, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Zhi-Nan Chen
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Huijie Bian
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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11
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Comprehensive Investigation into the Role of Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzyme E2S in Melanoma Development. J Invest Dermatol 2020; 141:374-384. [PMID: 32603752 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.05.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2S (UBE2S) is involved in protein degradation and signal transduction, but its function in the development of melanoma is unclear. We focused on the role of UBE2S in melanoma development both in vitro and in vivo. UBE2S was overexpressed in malignant melanoma cells and tissues, and UBE2S expression was significantly different between tumor node metastasis staging T4 and T1/T2/T3. We designed UBE2S short hairpin RNA (shUBE2S) and transfected it into A375, SK-MEL-28, and MUM-2B cells using lentivirus. By whole-genome filtering, 247 genes and 265 genes were upregulated and downregulated, respectively, in shUBE2S-treated melanoma; these genes were mainly involved in immune reactions, apoptosis, DNA damage repair, and cell movement. The proliferation of melanoma cells was inhibited, apoptosis was increased, and cell cycle was arrested in G1/S in shUBE2S-treated melanoma. Expression of epithelial to mesenchymal transition-related proteins was significantly suppressed, and tumor growth was also suppressed in shUBE2S BALB/C nude mice. shUBE2S treatment may cause cell cycle arrest in G1/S phase, inhibit proliferation, induce apoptosis, and suppress tumor growth through DNA damage repair, epithelial to mesenchymal transition inhibition, protein kinase B-mTOR pathway, NF-κB signaling, and immune reactions, which provides a comprehensive understanding of the role of UBE2S in melanoma development and the need for advanced clinical research into UBE2S.
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12
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Qin Y, Du J, Fan C. Ube2S regulates Wnt/β-catenin signaling and promotes the progression of non-small cell lung cancer. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:274-279. [PMID: 32038111 PMCID: PMC6990889 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.40243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2S (Ube2S) plays important roles in cancer development in some malignant tumors. However, the functions and related molecular network of Ube2S in non-small cell lung cancer are not fully understood. In the current study, we examined the expression of Ube2S in non-small cell lung cancer and its clinicopathological significance. We also investigated the molecules and pathways regulated by Ube2S. An immunostaining study showed that the positive rate of Ube2s expression in lung cancer tissues was higher than that in normal lung tissues (p < 0.05). Upregulated Ube2S expression in cancer tissues significantly correlated with clinical progression (TNM III versus I + II), lymph node metastasis, and shorter survival time of the patients (p < 0.05). When Ube2S was overexpressed in A549 cells, the abilities of these cells to proliferate and migrate were increased (p < 0.05). Moreover, Ube2S significantly upregulated the expression of β-catenin, cyclin D1, and MMP7 (novel molecules of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway), and the activity of this pathway (p < 0.05). In addition, a Wnt/β-catenin signaling inhibitor effectively abolished the function of Ube2S. These results indicate that Ube2S may be a novel marker contributing to lung cancer development, possibly through regulating canonical Wnt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Qin
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, 110001, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiang Du
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, 110001, Shenyang, China
| | - Chuifeng Fan
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, 110001, Shenyang, China
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13
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Wang L, Liang Y, Li P, Liang Q, Sun H, Xu D, Hu W. Oncogenic Activities Of UBE2S Mediated By VHL/HIF-1α/STAT3 Signal Via The Ubiquitin-Proteasome System In PDAC. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:9767-9781. [PMID: 31814735 PMCID: PMC6863183 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s228522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2S (UBE2S) is important for the development and progression of several types of cancer. However, neither the role of UBE2S in pancreatic cancer nor its mechanism is clear. Methods We analyzed three GEO datasets to obtain 150 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and non-cancerous samples. Moreover, GSEA and mutation analysis were also done for UBE2S. The UBE2S expression in PDAC was measured by immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR. Colony formation, scratch wound-healing and tumor growth assays were conducted to examine the effect of UBE2S on PDAC cells. Migration was detected using Transwell assay. UBE2S knockdown pancreatic cells were treated with proteasome inhibitor MG132. Immunofluorescence was undertaken for interaction between UBE2S and VHL. The expression of Snail and Twist1 and the changes of HIF-1α/STAT3 pathway were detected by Western blotting. Results The mRNA of UBE2S was significantly upregulated in human pancreatic cancer compared to normal tissues. Immunohistochemistry confirmed that the protein level of UBE2S increased in tissue microarrays (TMAs) and was associated with lymph nodes metastasis and distant metastasis. Conclusion UBE2S could enhance EMT by the VHL/HIF-1α/STAT3 pathway via the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Co-expression of CDC20 may represent a novel and promising therapeutic target for the patients with PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Oncology, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang 222000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyi Liang
- Department of Oncology, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengping Li
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingchun Liang
- Department of Pathology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, People's Republic of China
| | - Haijun Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang 222000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Dazhou Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang 222000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang 222000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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14
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Wang BJ, Chi KP, Shen RL, Zheng SW, Guo Y, Li JF, Fei J, He Y. TGFBI Promotes Tumor Growth and is Associated with Poor Prognosis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Cancer 2019; 10:4902-4912. [PMID: 31598162 PMCID: PMC6775518 DOI: 10.7150/jca.29958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: In a previous study, we found that transforming growth factor beta-induced (TGFBI) is a hub gene strongly associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), using gene chip meta-analysis and PPI network analysis. Thus, the present study was established to explore the role of TGFBI in the pathogenesis of OSCC and to define the underlying mechanisms. Methods: The correlations between TGFBI expression and the clinicopathological features and prognosis of OSCC were analyzed. Then, TGFBI-knockout HSC-3 cell lines were constructed using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro were determined by cell counting, CCK-8, colony formation, and Transwell assays. Moreover, a xenograft animal study was implemented to determine the tumorigenicity and metastatic ability associated with TGFBI in vivo. The genes and pathways differentially expressed after TGFBI knockout were determined using transcriptional sequencing and bioinformatics. Results: TGFBI expression was significantly higher in OSCC than in normal tissue. Its high expression was also correlated with high stage and was predictive of poor prognosis, as we expected. Knockout of TGFBI inhibited cell proliferation and clone formation, and enhanced cell migration and invasion in vitro. Besides, the xenograft animal study showed that TGFBI knockout suppressed tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Furthermore, transcriptome sequencing revealed that genes associated with cell proliferation, metastasis, and inflammatory responses exhibited a change of expression upon TGFBI knockout. GO and KEGG analyses indicated that the function of TGFBI is related to responses to bacteria and inflammatory responses. Conclusions: TGFBI overexpression can promote OSCC and is associated with poor prognosis in OSCC patients. TGFBI knockout can inhibit cell proliferation and metastasis in vivo. TGFBI may alter cell responses to bacteria, which causes an imbalance in the immune inflammatory response and promotes the development of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Jie Wang
- Department of Oral Medicine, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, 200072, China.,Department of Stomatology, Ningbo Yinzhou People's Hospital, Zhejiang 315040, China
| | - Kun-Ping Chi
- Department of Pathology, First people's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Yunnan, 650032, China
| | - Ru-Ling Shen
- Shanghai Laboratory Animal Research Center, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Sai-Wei Zheng
- Department of Oral Medicine, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Yang Guo
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Jian-Feng Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Jian Fei
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Yuan He
- Department of Oral Medicine, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, 200072, China
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15
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Eizuka K, Nakashima D, Oka N, Wagai S, Takahara T, Saito T, Koike K, Kasamatsu A, Shiiba M, Tanzawa H, Uzawa K. SYT12 plays a critical role in oral cancer and may be a novel therapeutic target. J Cancer 2019; 10:4913-4920. [PMID: 31598163 PMCID: PMC6775516 DOI: 10.7150/jca.32582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Synaptotagmin12 (SYT12) has been well characterized as the regulator of transmitter release in the nervous system, however the relevance and molecular mechanisms of SYT12 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) are not understood. In the current study, we investigated the expression of SYT12 and its molecular biological functions in OSCC by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, immunoblot analysis, and immunohistochemistry. SYT12 were up-regulated significantly in OSCC-derived cell lines and primary OSCC tissue compared with the normal counterparts (P<0.05) and the SYT12 expression levels were correlated significantly with clinical indicators, such as the primary tumoral size, lymph node metastasis, and TNM stage (P<0.05). SYT12 knockdown OSCC cells showed depressed cellular proliferation, migration, and invasion with cell cycle arrest at G1 phase. Surprisingly, we found increased calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase 2 (CAMK2) inhibitor 1 (CAMK2N1) and decreased CAMK2-phosphorylation in the knockdown cells. Furthermore, treatment with L-3, 4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-dopa), a drug approved for Parkinson's disease, led to down-regulation of SYT12 and similar phenotypes to SYT12 knockdown cells. Taken together, we concluded that SYT12 plays a significant role in OSCC progression via CAMK2N1 and CAMK2, and that L-dopa would be a new drug for OSCC treatment through the SYT12 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keitaro Eizuka
- Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Dai Nakashima
- Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Noritoshi Oka
- Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Sho Wagai
- Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshikazu Takahara
- Department of Dentistry and Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Saito
- Department of Dentistry and Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Koike
- Department of Dentistry and Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kasamatsu
- Department of Dentistry and Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masashi Shiiba
- Department of Medical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hideki Tanzawa
- Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Dentistry and Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Uzawa
- Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Dentistry and Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
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16
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Yang H, Jin X, Dan H, Chen Q. Histone modifications in oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral potentially malignant disorders. Oral Dis 2019; 26:719-732. [PMID: 31056829 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Huamei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Medicine of Carcinogenesis and Management West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Xin Jin
- College of Stomatology Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences Chongqing China
| | - Hongxia Dan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Medicine of Carcinogenesis and Management West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Qianming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Medicine of Carcinogenesis and Management West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu China
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17
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Abstract
Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2S (UBE2S), a family of E2 protein in the ubiquitination process, is involved in development of various cancers. However, its role in lung adenocarcinoma, has not been well elucidated. In this report, we attempted to investigate expression and function of UBE2S in lung adenocarcinoma. Up-regulation of UBE2S at mRNA, and protein level, was observed in human cancer tissues and lung adenocarcinoma cells. Higher UBE2S expression correlated with poorer prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma patients. UBE2S expression was efficiently suppressed by lentivirus-mediated shRNA strategy in A549 cells, and UBE2S silencing led to reduced cell proliferation, colony formation, and enhanced apoptosis. Inverse results were observed, in UBE2S over-expressed H1299 cells. Microarray analysis indicated that a large number of genes were regulated by UBE2S, and p53 signaling pathway may be critical, to the role of UBE2S in cancer development. Together, UBE2S could be a potential target for lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021; Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Lijun Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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18
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Ma Y, Li K, Li S, Liang B, Liu Q, Mo Z. Prognostic value of ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 S overexpression in hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 119:225-231. [PMID: 30041036 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.07.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Previous study has shown that ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 S (UBE2S) is highly expressed in various human cancers. In order to study the clinical value and potential function of UBE2S in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), three datasets from the Oncomine database and RNA-seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were analyzed. UBE2S expression was found to be significantly higher in HCC samples, which was supported with qPCR validation. Both Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses demonstrated that UBE2S co-expressed genes were involved in cell cycle and DNA replication. Survival analysis showed a significant reduction in overall survival of patients with high UBE2S expression from both the GSE14520 cohort and TCGA Liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) cohort. Furthermore, Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed that high UBE2S expression in HCC patients is associated with increased expression in gene sets associated with decreased survival, increased metastasis and increased recurrence. Finally, qPCR results showed that UBE2S overexpression has diagnostic value in distinguishing between HCC and non-cancerous liver tissue, as the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.8095, and overexpression of UBE2S was significantly associated with decreased overall survival and disease-free survival in HCC patients. In conclusion, UBE2S may hold prognostic value in the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yili Ma
- College of Biotechnology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541100, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Kangzhi Li
- College of Biotechnology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541100, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Sijing Li
- College of Biotechnology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541100, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Bin Liang
- College of Biotechnology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541100, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Qiliang Liu
- College of Biotechnology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541100, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
| | - Zhijing Mo
- College of Biotechnology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541100, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
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19
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Pan YH, Yang M, Liu LP, Wu DC, Li MY, Su SG. UBE2S enhances the ubiquitination of p53 and exerts oncogenic activities in hepatocellular carcinoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 503:895-902. [PMID: 29928880 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.06.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2S (UBE2S) plays pivotal roles in the progression of human cancers. However, its clinical significance and role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unknown. Here, we show that UBE2S is upregulated in HCC and exhibits oncogenic activities via enhancing the ubiquitination of p53. Increased expression of UBE2S was significantly correlated with higher serum AFP level, higher pathological grade, advanced TNM stage, larger tumor size, vascular invasion and unfavorable patient survivals in two independent cohorts containing a total of 845 patients with HCC. Multivariate analyses by cox regression model suggested UBE2S as an independent factor for overall survival. In vitro experiments demonstrated that UBE2S overexpression promoted, whereas UBE2S knockdown suppressed cell proliferation and migration via modulation of p53 signaling pathway. Ectopic expression of UBE2S upregulated the expression of p53 and its downstream effectors, such as p21 and Cyclin D1. Mechanistically, UBE2S enhanced the ubiquitination of p53 protein to facilitate its degradation in HCC cells. Re-expression of p53 partially attenuated the UBE2S-promoted malignant phenotypes. Collectively, our study provides compelling evidence that UBE2S is a potential prognostic factor and functions as an oncogene in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Hua Pan
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dongguan Third People's Hospital, Dongguan, China
| | - Li-Ping Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Dan-Chun Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming-Yue Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shu-Guang Su
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hexian Memorial Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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20
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Yamamoto JI, Kasamatsu A, Okubo Y, Nakashima D, Fushimi K, Minakawa Y, Kasama H, Shiiba M, Tanzawa H, Uzawa K. Evaluation of tryptophan-aspartic acid repeat-containing protein 34 as a novel tumor-suppressor molecule in human oral cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 495:2469-2474. [PMID: 29278705 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.12.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tryptophan-aspartic acid (WD) repeat-containing protein 34 (WDR34), one of the WDR protein superfamilies with five WD40 domains, inhibits a transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) activated kinase 1 (TAK1)-associated NF-κB activation pathway. Nevertheless, little is known about the roles of WDR34 in cancer. The current study sought to elucidate the clinical relevance of WDRsfb34 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We found WDR34 down-regulation in OSCCs compared with normal control tissues using real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, immunoblotting, and immunohistochemistry. Models of overexpression of WDR34 (oeWDR34) showed depressed cellular growth through cell-cycle arrest at the G1 phase. To investigate the inhibitory function of WDR34, we challenged oeWDR34 cells with interleukin (IL)-1, a ligand for activation of the TAK1-NF-κB pathway and assessed the expression of a target gene of the pathway. oeWDR34 strongly inhibited IL-6 expression, which is closely related to tumoral growth, compared with control cells, suggesting that WDR34 would be a critical molecule for control of tumoral progression. In addition to the in vitro experiments, WDR34 negativity was correlated with tumoral growth of OSCCs. Our findings suggested that WDR34 inhibits OSCC progression and might be a potential tumor-suppressor molecule in OSCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ichiro Yamamoto
- Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kasamatsu
- Department of Dentistry and Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiko Okubo
- Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Dai Nakashima
- Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Fushimi
- Division of Oral Surgery, Eastern Chiba Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Minakawa
- Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Division of Dentistry, Chiba Prefectural Sawara Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kasama
- Division of Oral Surgery, Eastern Chiba Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masashi Shiiba
- Department of Medical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hideki Tanzawa
- Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Department of Dentistry and Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Uzawa
- Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Department of Dentistry and Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
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