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Satarker S, Wilson J, Kolathur KK, Mudgal J, Lewis SA, Arora D, Nampoothiri M. Spermidine as an epigenetic regulator of autophagy in neurodegenerative disorders. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 979:176823. [PMID: 39032763 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy is an abnormal protein degradation and recycling process that is impaired in various neurological diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Huntington's disease. Spermidine is a natural polyamine found in various plant- and meat-based diets that can induce autophagy, and is decreased in various neurodegenerative diseases. It acts on epigenetic enzymes like E1A-binding protein p300, HAT enzymes like Iki3p and Sas3p, and α-tubulin acetyltransferase 1 that modulate autophagy. Histone modifications like acetylation, phosphorylation, and methylation could influence autophagy. Autophagy is epigenetically regulated in various neurodegenerative disorders with many epigenetic enzymes and miRNAs. Polyamine regulation plays an essential role in the disease pathogenesis of AD and PD. Therefore, in this review, we discuss various enzymes and miRNAs involved in the epigenetic regulation of autophagy in neurodegenerative disorders and the role of spermidine as an autophagy enhancer. The alterations in spermidine-mediated regulation of Beclin-1, LC3-II, and p62 genes in AD and other PD-associated enzymes could impact the process of autophagy in these neurodegenerative diseases. With the ever-growing data and such promising effects of spermidine in autophagy, we feel it could be a promising target in this area and worth further detailed studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sairaj Satarker
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Joel Wilson
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Kiran Kumar Kolathur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Jayesh Mudgal
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Shaila A Lewis
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Devinder Arora
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, 4222, Australia
| | - Madhavan Nampoothiri
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
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Stouth DW, vanLieshout TL, Mikhail AI, Ng SY, Raziee R, Edgett BA, Vasam G, Webb EK, Gilotra KS, Markou M, Pineda HC, Bettencourt-Mora BG, Noor H, Moll Z, Bittner ME, Gurd BJ, Menzies KJ, Ljubicic V. CARM1 drives mitophagy and autophagy flux during fasting-induced skeletal muscle atrophy. Autophagy 2024; 20:1247-1269. [PMID: 38018843 PMCID: PMC11210918 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2023.2288528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
CARM1 (coactivator associated arginine methyltransferase 1) has recently emerged as a powerful regulator of skeletal muscle biology. However, the molecular mechanisms by which the methyltransferase remodels muscle remain to be fully understood. In this study, carm1 skeletal muscle-specific knockout (mKO) mice exhibited lower muscle mass with dysregulated macroautophagic/autophagic and atrophic signaling, including depressed AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) site-specific phosphorylation of ULK1 (unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1; Ser555) and FOXO3 (forkhead box O3; Ser588), as well as MTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase)-induced inhibition of ULK1 (Ser757), along with AKT/protein kinase B site-specific suppression of FOXO1 (Ser256) and FOXO3 (Ser253). In addition to lower mitophagy and autophagy flux in skeletal muscle, carm1 mKO led to increased mitochondrial PRKN/parkin accumulation, which suggests that CARM1 is required for basal mitochondrial turnover and autophagic clearance. carm1 deletion also elicited PPARGC1A (PPARG coactivator 1 alpha) activity and a slower, more oxidative muscle phenotype. As such, these carm1 mKO-evoked adaptations disrupted mitophagy and autophagy induction during food deprivation and collectively served to mitigate fasting-induced muscle atrophy. Furthermore, at the threshold of muscle atrophy during food deprivation experiments in humans, skeletal muscle CARM1 activity decreased similarly to our observations in mice, and was accompanied by site-specific activation of ULK1 (Ser757), highlighting the translational impact of the methyltransferase in human skeletal muscle. Taken together, our results indicate that CARM1 governs mitophagic, autophagic, and atrophic processes fundamental to the maintenance and remodeling of muscle mass. Targeting the enzyme may provide new therapeutic approaches for mitigating skeletal muscle atrophy.Abbreviation: ADMA: asymmetric dimethylarginine; AKT/protein kinase B: AKT serine/threonine kinase; AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; ATG: autophagy related; BECN1: beclin 1; BNIP3: BCL2 interacting protein 3; CARM1: coactivator associated arginine methyltransferase 1; Col: colchicine; CSA: cross-sectional area; CTNS: cystinosin, lysosomal cystine transporter; EDL: extensor digitorum longus; FBXO32/MAFbx: F-box protein 32; FOXO: forkhead box O; GAST: gastrocnemius; H2O2: hydrogen peroxide; IMF: intermyofibrillar; LAMP1: lysosomal associated membrane protein 1; MAP1LC3B: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; mKO: skeletal muscle-specific knockout; MMA: monomethylarginine; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; MYH: myosin heavy chain; NFE2L2/NRF2: NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2; OXPHOS: oxidative phosphorylation; PABPC1/PABP1: poly(A) binding protein cytoplasmic 1; PPARGC1A/PGC-1α: PPARG coactivator 1 alpha; PRKN/parkin: parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase; PRMT: protein arginine methyltransferase; Sal: saline; SDMA: symmetric dimethylarginine; SIRT1: sirtuin 1; SKP2: S-phase kinase associated protein 2; SMARCC1/BAF155: SWI/SNF related, matrix associated, actin dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily c member 1; SOL: soleus; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; SS: subsarcolemmal; TA: tibialis anterior; TFAM: transcription factor A, mitochondrial; TFEB: transcription factor EB; TOMM20: translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 20; TRIM63/MuRF1: tripartite motif containing 63; ULK1: unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1; VPS11: VPS11 core subunit of CORVET and HOPS complexes; WT: wild-type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek W. Stouth
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Andrew I. Mikhail
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sean Y. Ng
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rozhin Raziee
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brittany A. Edgett
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Goutham Vasam
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Erin K. Webb
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kevin S. Gilotra
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthew Markou
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hannah C. Pineda
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Haleema Noor
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zachary Moll
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Megan E. Bittner
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brendon J. Gurd
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Keir J. Menzies
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology and the Centre for Neuromuscular Disease, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vladimir Ljubicic
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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3
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Lv P, Yang X, Du J. LKRSDH-dependent histone modifications of insulin-like peptide sites contribute to age-related circadian rhythm changes. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3336. [PMID: 38637528 PMCID: PMC11026460 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47740-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
To understand aging impact on the circadian rhythm, we screened for factors influencing circadian changes during aging. Our findings reveal that LKRSDH mutation significantly reduces rhythmicity in aged flies. RNA-seq identifies a significant increase in insulin-like peptides (dilps) in LKRSDH mutants due to the combined effects of H3R17me2 and H3K27me3 on transcription. Genetic evidence suggests that LKRSDH regulates age-related circadian rhythm changes through art4 and dilps. ChIP-seq analyzes whole genome changes in H3R17me2 and H3K27me3 histone modifications in young and old flies with LKRSDH mutation and controls. The results reveal a correlation between H3R17me2 and H3K27me3, underscoring the role of LKRSDH in regulating gene expression and modification levels during aging. Overall, our study demonstrates that LKRSDH-dependent histone modifications at dilps sites contribute to age-related circadian rhythm changes. This data offers insights and a foundational reference for aging research by unveiling the relationship between LKRSDH and H3R17me2/H3K27me3 histone modifications in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Lv
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xingzhuo Yang
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Xie Z, Tian Y, Guo X, Xie N. The emerging role of CARM1 in cancer. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2024:10.1007/s13402-024-00943-9. [PMID: 38619752 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-024-00943-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1), pivotal for catalyzing arginine methylation of histone and non-histone proteins, plays a crucial role in developing various cancers. CARM1 was initially recognized as a transcriptional coregulator by orchestrating chromatin remodeling, transcription regulation, mRNA splicing and stability. This diverse functionality contributes to the recruitment of transcription factors that foster malignancies. Going beyond its established involvement in transcriptional control, CARM1-mediated methylation influences a spectrum of biological processes, including the cell cycle, metabolism, autophagy, redox homeostasis, and inflammation. By manipulating these physiological functions, CARM1 becomes essential in critical processes such as tumorigenesis, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. Consequently, it emerges as a viable target for therapeutic intervention and a possible biomarker for medication response in specific cancer types. This review provides a comprehensive exploration of the various physiological functions of CARM1 in the context of cancer. Furthermore, we discuss potential CARM1-targeting pharmaceutical interventions for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zizhuo Xie
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiaohan Guo
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Na Xie
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Chakraborty S, Nandi P, Mishra J, Niharika, Roy A, Manna S, Baral T, Mishra P, Mishra PK, Patra SK. Molecular mechanisms in regulation of autophagy and apoptosis in view of epigenetic regulation of genes and involvement of liquid-liquid phase separation. Cancer Lett 2024; 587:216779. [PMID: 38458592 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Cellular physiology is critically regulated by multiple signaling nexuses, among which cell death mechanisms play crucial roles in controlling the homeostatic landscape at the tissue level within an organism. Apoptosis, also known as programmed cell death, can be induced by external and internal stimuli directing the cells to commit suicide in unfavourable conditions. In contrast, stress conditions like nutrient deprivation, infection and hypoxia trigger autophagy, which is lysosome-mediated processing of damaged cellular organelle for recycling of the degraded products, including amino acids. Apparently, apoptosis and autophagy both are catabolic and tumor-suppressive pathways; apoptosis is essential during development and cancer cell death, while autophagy promotes cell survival under stress. Moreover, autophagy plays dual role during cancer development and progression by facilitating the survival of cancer cells under stressed conditions and inducing death in extreme adversity. Despite having two different molecular mechanisms, both apoptosis and autophagy are interconnected by several crosslinking intermediates. Epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation, post-translational modification of histone tails, and miRNA play a pivotal role in regulating genes involved in both autophagy and apoptosis. Both autophagic and apoptotic genes can undergo various epigenetic modifications and promote or inhibit these processes under normal and cancerous conditions. Epigenetic modifiers are uniquely important in controlling the signaling pathways regulating autophagy and apoptosis. Therefore, these epigenetic modifiers of both autophagic and apoptotic genes can act as novel therapeutic targets against cancers. Additionally, liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) also modulates the aggregation of misfolded proteins and provokes autophagy in the cytosolic environment. This review deals with the molecular mechanisms of both autophagy and apoptosis including crosstalk between them; emphasizing epigenetic regulation, involvement of LLPS therein, and possible therapeutic approaches against cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhajit Chakraborty
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India
| | - Piyasa Nandi
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India
| | - Jagdish Mishra
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India
| | - Niharika
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India
| | - Ankan Roy
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India
| | - Soumen Manna
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India
| | - Tirthankar Baral
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India
| | - Prahallad Mishra
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India
| | - Pradyumna Kumar Mishra
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462 030, MP, India
| | - Samir Kumar Patra
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India.
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Ma Z, Lyu X, Qin N, Liu H, Zhang M, Lai Y, Dong B, Lu P. Coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1: A versatile player in cell differentiation and development. Genes Dis 2023; 10:2383-2392. [PMID: 37554200 PMCID: PMC10404874 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methylation is a common post-translational modification involved in the regulation of various cellular functions. Coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1) is a protein arginine methyltransferase that asymmetrically dimethylates histone H3 and non-histone proteins to regulate gene transcription. CARM1 has been found to play important roles in cell differentiation and development, cell cycle progression, autophagy, metabolism, pre-mRNA splicing and transportation, and DNA replication. In this review, we describe the molecular characteristics of CARM1 and summarize its roles in the regulation of cell differentiation and development in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongrui Ma
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
- Department of Immunology, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Xinxing Lyu
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Ning Qin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Haoyu Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Mengrui Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Yongchao Lai
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Bo Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Peiyuan Lu
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
- Department of Immunology, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
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7
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Qiu Z, Li Y, Fu Y, Yang Y. Research progress of AMP-activated protein kinase and cardiac aging. Open Life Sci 2023; 18:20220710. [PMID: 37671091 PMCID: PMC10476487 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The process of aging is marked by a gradual deterioration in the physiological functions and functional reserves of various tissues and organs, leading to an increased susceptibility to diseases and even death. Aging manifests in a tissue- and organ-specific manner, and is characterized by varying rates and direct and indirect interactions among different tissues and organs. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death globally, with older adults (aged >70 years) accounting for approximately two-thirds of CVD-related deaths. The prevalence of CVD increases exponentially with an individual's age. Aging is a critical independent risk factor for the development of CVD. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation exerts cardioprotective effects in the heart and restores cellular metabolic functions by modulating gene expression and regulating protein levels through its interaction with multiple target proteins. Additionally, AMPK enhances mitochondrial function and cellular energy status by facilitating the utilization of energy substrates. This review focuses on the role of AMPK in the process of cardiac aging and maintaining normal metabolic levels and redox homeostasis in the heart, particularly in the presence of oxidative stress and the invasion of inflammatory factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqi Qiu
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Yufei Li
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Yancheng Fu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Carson International Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen518060, China
| | - Yanru Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Carson International Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen518060, China
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Jamet S, Ha S, Ho TH, Houghtaling S, Timms A, Yu K, Paquette A, Maga AM, Greene NDE, Beier DR. The arginine methyltransferase Carm1 is necessary for heart development. G3 GENES|GENOMES|GENETICS 2022; 12:6613934. [PMID: 35736367 PMCID: PMC9339313 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkac155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
To discover genes implicated in human congenital disorders, we performed ENU mutagenesis in the mouse and screened for mutations affecting embryonic development. In this work, we report defects of heart development in mice homozygous for a mutation of coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (Carm1). While Carm1 has been extensively studied, it has never been previously associated with a role in heart development. Phenotype analysis combining histology and microcomputed tomography imaging shows a range of cardiac defects. Most notably, many affected midgestation embryos appear to have cardiac rupture and hemorrhaging in the thorax. Mice that survive to late gestation show a variety of cardiac defects, including ventricular septal defects, double outlet right ventricle, and persistent truncus arteriosus. Transcriptome analyses of the mutant embryos by mRNA-seq reveal the perturbation of several genes involved in cardiac morphogenesis and muscle development and function. In addition, we observe the mislocalization of cardiac neural crest cells at E12.5 in the outflow tract. The cardiac phenotype of Carm1 mutant embryos is similar to that of Pax3 null mutants, and PAX3 is a putative target of CARM1. However, our analysis does not support the hypothesis that developmental defects in Carm1 mutant embryos are primarily due to a functional defect of PAX3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Jamet
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children’s Research Institute , Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Seungshin Ha
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children’s Research Institute , Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Tzu-Hua Ho
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children’s Research Institute , Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Scott Houghtaling
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children’s Research Institute , Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Andrew Timms
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children’s Research Institute , Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Kai Yu
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children’s Research Institute , Seattle, WA 98101, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine , Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Alison Paquette
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children’s Research Institute , Seattle, WA 98101, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine , Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Ali Murat Maga
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children’s Research Institute , Seattle, WA 98101, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine , Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Nicholas D E Greene
- Developmental Biology & Cancer Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health , London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - David R Beier
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children’s Research Institute , Seattle, WA 98101, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine , Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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vanLieshout TL, Stouth DW, Hartel NG, Vasam G, Ng SY, Webb EK, Rebalka IA, Mikhail AI, Graham NA, Menzies KJ, Hawke TJ, Ljubicic V. The CARM1 transcriptome and arginine methylproteome mediate skeletal muscle integrative biology. Mol Metab 2022; 64:101555. [PMID: 35872306 PMCID: PMC9379683 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1) catalyzes the methylation of arginine residues on target proteins to regulate critical processes in health and disease. A mechanistic understanding of the role(s) of CARM1 in skeletal muscle biology is only gradually emerging. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the function of CARM1 in regulating the maintenance and plasticity of skeletal muscle. METHODS We used transcriptomic, methylproteomic, molecular, functional, and integrative physiological approaches to determine the specific impact of CARM1 in muscle homeostasis. RESULTS Our data defines the occurrence of arginine methylation in skeletal muscle and demonstrates that this mark occurs on par with phosphorylation and ubiquitination. CARM1 skeletal muscle-specific knockout (mKO) mice displayed altered transcriptomic and arginine methylproteomic signatures with molecular and functional outcomes confirming remodeled skeletal muscle contractile and neuromuscular junction characteristics, which presaged decreased exercise tolerance. Moreover, CARM1 regulates AMPK-PGC-1α signalling during acute conditions of activity-induced muscle plasticity. CONCLUSIONS This study uncovers the broad impact of CARM1 in the maintenance and remodelling of skeletal muscle biology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Derek W Stouth
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Nicolas G Hartel
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Goutham Vasam
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Sean Y Ng
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Erin K Webb
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Irena A Rebalka
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Andrew I Mikhail
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Nicholas A Graham
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Keir J Menzies
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada; Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology and the Centre for Neuromuscular Disease, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Rd, K1H 8M5, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Thomas J Hawke
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Vladimir Ljubicic
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada.
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Cho JM, Park S, Ghosh R, Ly K, Ramous C, Thompson L, Hansen M, Mattera MSDLC, Pires KM, Ferhat M, Mookherjee S, Whitehead KJ, Carter K, Buffolo M, Boudina S, Symons JD. Late-in-life treadmill training rejuvenates autophagy, protein aggregate clearance, and function in mouse hearts. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13467. [PMID: 34554626 PMCID: PMC8520717 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein quality control mechanisms decline during the process of cardiac aging. This enables the accumulation of protein aggregates and damaged organelles that contribute to age-associated cardiac dysfunction. Macroautophagy is the process by which post-mitotic cells such as cardiomyocytes clear defective proteins and organelles. We hypothesized that late-in-life exercise training improves autophagy, protein aggregate clearance, and function that is otherwise dysregulated in hearts from old vs. adult mice. As expected, 24-month-old male C57BL/6J mice (old) exhibited repressed autophagosome formation and protein aggregate accumulation in the heart, systolic and diastolic dysfunction, and reduced exercise capacity vs. 8-month-old (adult) mice (all p < 0.05). To investigate the influence of late-in-life exercise training, additional cohorts of 21-month-old mice did (old-ETR) or did not (old-SED) complete a 3-month progressive resistance treadmill running program. Body composition, exercise capacity, and soleus muscle citrate synthase activity improved in old-ETR vs. old-SED mice at 24 months (all p < 0.05). Importantly, protein expression of autophagy markers indicate trafficking of the autophagosome to the lysosome increased, protein aggregate clearance improved, and overall function was enhanced (all p < 0.05) in hearts from old-ETR vs. old-SED mice. These data provide the first evidence that a physiological intervention initiated late-in-life improves autophagic flux, protein aggregate clearance, and contractile performance in mouse hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Min Cho
- Nutrition and Integrative Physiology University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA
| | - Seul‐Ki Park
- Nutrition and Integrative Physiology University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA
| | - Rajeshwary Ghosh
- Nutrition and Integrative Physiology University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA
| | - Kellsey Ly
- Nutrition and Integrative Physiology University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA
| | - Caroline Ramous
- Nutrition and Integrative Physiology University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA
| | - Lauren Thompson
- Nutrition and Integrative Physiology University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA
| | - Michele Hansen
- Nutrition and Integrative Physiology University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA
| | | | - Karla Maria Pires
- Nutrition and Integrative Physiology University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA
| | - Maroua Ferhat
- Nutrition and Integrative Physiology University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA
| | - Sohom Mookherjee
- Nutrition and Integrative Physiology University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA
| | - Kevin J. Whitehead
- Molecular Medicine Program University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Pediatric Cardiology University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA
- George E Wahlen VA Medical Center University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA
| | - Kandis Carter
- Molecular Medicine Program University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA
| | - Márcio Buffolo
- Nutrition and Integrative Physiology University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA
| | - Sihem Boudina
- Nutrition and Integrative Physiology University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA
- Molecular Medicine Program University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA
| | - J. David Symons
- Nutrition and Integrative Physiology University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA
- Molecular Medicine Program University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA
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11
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Liu M, Shi Z, Yin Y, Wang Y, Mu N, Li C, Ma H, Wang Q. Particulate matter 2.5 triggers airway inflammation and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in mice by activating the SIRT2-p65 pathway. Front Med 2021; 15:750-766. [PMID: 34181194 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-021-0839-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) potentially triggers airway inflammation by activating nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). Sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) is a key modulator in inflammation. However, the function and specific mechanisms of SIRT2 in PM2.5-induced airway inflammation are largely understudied. Therefore, this work investigated the mechanisms of SIRT2 in regulating the phosphorylation and acetylation of p65 influenced by PM2.5-induced airway inflammation and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Results revealed that PM2.5 exposure lowered the expression and activity of SIRT2 in bronchial tissues. Subsequently, SIRT2 impairment promoted the phosphorylation and acetylation of p65 and activated the NF-κB signaling pathway. The activation of p65 triggered airway inflammation, increment of mucus secretion by goblet cells, and acceleration of tracheal stenosis. Meanwhile, p65 phosphorylation and acetylation, airway inflammation, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness were deteriorated in SIRT2 knockout mice exposed to PM2.5. Triptolide (a specific p65 inhibitor) reversed p65 activation and ameliorated PM2.5-induced airway inflammation and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Our findings provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the toxicity of PM2.5 exposure. Triptolide inhibition of p65 phosphorylation and acetylation could be an effective therapeutic approach in averting PM2.5-induced airway inflammation and bronchial hyperresponsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manling Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zhaoling Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Yue Yin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yishi Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Nan Mu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Heng Ma
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Qiong Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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12
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Packer M. Longevity genes, cardiac ageing, and the pathogenesis of cardiomyopathy: implications for understanding the effects of current and future treatments for heart failure. Eur Heart J 2021; 41:3856-3861. [PMID: 32460327 PMCID: PMC7599035 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The two primary molecular regulators of lifespan are sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) and mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). Each plays a central role in two highly interconnected pathways that modulate the balance between cellular growth and survival. The activation of SIRT1 [along with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator (PGC-1α) and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)] and the suppression of mTORC1 (along with its upstream regulator, Akt) act to prolong organismal longevity and retard cardiac ageing. Both activation of SIRT1/PGC-1α and inhibition of mTORC1 shifts the balance of cellular priorities so as to promote cardiomyocyte survival over growth, leading to cardioprotective effects in experimental models. These benefits may be related to direct actions to modulate oxidative stress, organellar function, proinflammatory pathways, and maladaptive hypertrophy. In addition, a primary shared benefit of both SIRT1/PGC-1α/AMPK activation and Akt/mTORC1 inhibition is the enhancement of autophagy, a lysosome-dependent degradative pathway, which clears the cytosol of dysfunctional organelles and misfolded proteins that drive the ageing process by increasing oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Autophagy underlies the ability of SIRT1/PGC-1α/AMPK activation and Akt/mTORC1 suppression to extend lifespan, mitigate cardiac ageing, alleviate cellular stress, and ameliorate the development and progression of cardiomyopathy; silencing of autophagy genes abolishes these benefits. Loss of SIRT1/PGC-1α/AMPK function or hyperactivation of Akt/mTORC1 is a consistent feature of experimental cardiomyopathy, and reversal of these abnormalities mitigates the development of heart failure. Interestingly, most treatments that have been shown to be clinically effective in the treatment of chronic heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction have been reported experimentally to exert favourable effects to activate SIRT1/PGC-1α/AMPK and/or suppress Akt/mTORC1, and thereby, to promote autophagic flux. Therefore, the impairment of autophagy resulting from derangements in longevity gene signalling is likely to represent a seminal event in the evolution and progression of cardiomyopathy. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Milton Packer
- Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, 621 N. Hall Street, Dallas, TX 75226, USA.,Imperial College, London, UK
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13
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Yu M, Zhang H, Wang B, Zhang Y, Zheng X, Shao B, Zhuge Q, Jin K. Key Signaling Pathways in Aging and Potential Interventions for Healthy Aging. Cells 2021; 10:cells10030660. [PMID: 33809718 PMCID: PMC8002281 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a fundamental biological process accompanied by a general decline in tissue function. Indeed, as the lifespan increases, age-related dysfunction, such as cognitive impairment or dementia, will become a growing public health issue. Aging is also a great risk factor for many age-related diseases. Nowadays, people want not only to live longer but also healthier. Therefore, there is a critical need in understanding the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms regulating aging that will allow us to modify the aging process for healthy aging and alleviate age-related disease. Here, we reviewed the recent breakthroughs in the mechanistic understanding of biological aging, focusing on the adenosine monophosphate-activated kinase (AMPK), Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways, which are currently considered critical for aging. We also discussed how these proteins and pathways may potentially interact with each other to regulate aging. We further described how the knowledge of these pathways may lead to new interventions for antiaging and against age-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdi Yu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China; (M.Y.); (Y.Z.); (X.Z.)
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA;
| | - Brian Wang
- Pathnova Laboratories Pte. Ltd. 1 Research Link, Singapore 117604, Singapore;
| | - Yinuo Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China; (M.Y.); (Y.Z.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xiaoying Zheng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China; (M.Y.); (Y.Z.); (X.Z.)
| | - Bei Shao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China;
| | - Qichuan Zhuge
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China; (M.Y.); (Y.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Correspondence: (Q.Z.); (K.J.); Tel.: +86-577-55579339 (Q.Z.); +1-81-7735-2579 (K.J.)
| | - Kunlin Jin
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
- Correspondence: (Q.Z.); (K.J.); Tel.: +86-577-55579339 (Q.Z.); +1-81-7735-2579 (K.J.)
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14
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Suresh S, Huard S, Dubois T. CARM1/PRMT4: Making Its Mark beyond Its Function as a Transcriptional Coactivator. Trends Cell Biol 2021; 31:402-417. [PMID: 33485722 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2020.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1), identified 20 years ago as a coregulator of transcription, is an enzyme that catalyzes arginine methylation of proteins. Beyond its well-established involvement in the regulation of transcription, the physiological functions of CARM1 are still poorly understood. However, recent studies have revealed novel roles of CARM1 in autophagy, metabolism, paraspeckles, and early development. In addition, CARM1 is emerging as an attractive therapeutic target and a drug response biomarker for certain types of cancer. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the structure of CARM1 and its post-translational modifications, its various functions, apart from transcriptional coactivation, and its involvement in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samyuktha Suresh
- Institut Curie - PSL Research University, Translational Research Department, Breast Cancer Biology Group, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Solène Huard
- Institut Curie - PSL Research University, Translational Research Department, Breast Cancer Biology Group, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Thierry Dubois
- Institut Curie - PSL Research University, Translational Research Department, Breast Cancer Biology Group, 75005 Paris, France.
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15
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Cai H, Liu Y, Men H, Zheng Y. Protective Mechanism of Humanin Against Oxidative Stress in Aging-Related Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:683151. [PMID: 34177809 PMCID: PMC8222669 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.683151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Physiological reactive oxygen species (ROS) are important regulators of intercellular signal transduction. Oxidative and antioxidation systems maintain a dynamic balance under physiological conditions. Increases in ROS levels destroy the dynamic balance, leading to oxidative stress damage. Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of aging-related cardiovascular diseases (ACVD), such as atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and heart failure, by contributing to apoptosis, hypertrophy, and fibrosis. Oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria is the main source of ROS. Increasing evidence demonstrates the relationship between ACVD and humanin (HN), an endogenous peptide encoded by mitochondrial DNA. HN protects cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts from oxidative stress, highlighting its protective role in atherosclerosis, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and heart failure. Herein, we reviewed the signaling pathways associated with the HN effects on redox signals, including Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), c-jun NH2 terminal kinase (JNK)/p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)-Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Furthermore, we discussed the relationship among HN, redox signaling pathways, and ACVD. Finally, we propose that HN may be a candidate drug for ACVD.
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16
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Pontin arginine methylation by CARM1 is crucial for epigenetic regulation of autophagy. Nat Commun 2020; 11:6297. [PMID: 33293536 PMCID: PMC7722926 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20080-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a catabolic process through which cytoplasmic components are degraded and recycled in response to various stresses including starvation. Recently, transcriptional and epigenetic regulations of autophagy have emerged as essential mechanisms for maintaining homeostasis. Here, we identify that coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1) methylates Pontin chromatin-remodeling factor under glucose starvation, and methylated Pontin binds Forkhead Box O 3a (FOXO3a). Genome-wide analyses and biochemical studies reveal that methylated Pontin functions as a platform for recruiting Tip60 histone acetyltransferase with increased H4 acetylation and subsequent activation of autophagy genes regulated by FOXO3a. Surprisingly, CARM1-Pontin-FOXO3a signaling axis can work in the distal regions and activate autophagy genes through enhancer activation. Together, our findings provide a signaling axis of CARM1-Pontin-FOXO3a and further expand the role of CARM1 in nuclear regulation of autophagy. Epigenetic regulations of autophagy have emerged as mechanisms for maintaining cellular homeostasis. Here the authors reveal that the CARM1-Pontin-FOXO3a signaling axis can activate autophagy related genes through enhancer activation.
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17
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Foam Cell Induction Activates AMPK But Uncouples Its Regulation of Autophagy and Lysosomal Homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239033. [PMID: 33261140 PMCID: PMC7730064 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The dysregulation of macrophage lipid metabolism drives atherosclerosis. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a master regulator of cellular energetics and plays essential roles regulating macrophage lipid dynamics. Here, we investigated the consequences of atherogenic lipoprotein-induced foam cell formation on downstream immunometabolic signaling in primary mouse macrophages. A variety of atherogenic low-density lipoproteins (acetylated, oxidized, and aggregated forms) activated AMPK signaling in a manner that was in part due to CD36 and calcium-related signaling. In quiescent macrophages, basal AMPK signaling was crucial for maintaining markers of lysosomal homeostasis as well as levels of key components in the lysosomal expression and regulation network. Moreover, AMPK activation resulted in targeted upregulation of members of this network via transcription factor EB. However, in lipid-induced macrophage foam cells, neither basal AMPK signaling nor its activation affected lysosomal-associated programs. These results suggest that while the sum of AMPK signaling in cultured macrophages may be anti-atherogenic, atherosclerotic input dampens the regulatory capacity of AMPK signaling.
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18
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Shi Z, Yin Y, Li C, Ding H, Mu N, Wang Y, Jin S, Ma H, Liu M, Zhou J. Lipocalin-2-induced proliferative endoplasmic reticulum stress participates in Kawasaki disease-related pulmonary arterial abnormalities. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2020; 64:1000-1012. [PMID: 32915407 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-019-1772-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Clinical cases have reported pulmonary arterial structural and functional abnormalities in patients with Kawasaki disease (KD); however, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. In this study, a KD rat model was established via the intraperitoneal injection of Lactobacillus casei cell wall extract (LCWE). The results showed that pulmonary arterial functional and structural abnormalities were observed in KD rats. Furthermore, proliferative endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) was observed in the pulmonary arteries of KD rats. Notably, the level of lipocalin-2 (Lcn 2), a trigger factor of inflammation, was remarkably elevated in the plasma and lung tissues of KD rats; increased Lcn 2 levels following LCWE stimulation may result from polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs). Correspondingly, in cultured pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), Lcn 2 markedly augmented the cleavage and nuclear localization of activating transcription factor-6 (ATF6), upregulated the transcription of glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and neurite outgrowth inhibitor (NOGO), and promoted PASMCs proliferation. However, proapoptotic C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) and caspase 12 levels were not elevated. Treatment with 4-phenyl butyric acid (4-PBA, a specific inhibitor of ER stress) inhibited PASMCs proliferation induced by Lcn 2 and attenuated pulmonary arterial abnormalities and right ventricular hypertrophy and reduced right ventricular systolic pressure in KD rats. In conclusion, Lcn 2 remarkably facilitates proliferative ER stress in PASMCs, which probably accounts for KD-related pulmonary arterial abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoling Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712000, China.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yue Yin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Hui Ding
- Department of Pediatrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712000, China
| | - Nan Mu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yishi Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Shanshan Jin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Heng Ma
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Manling Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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19
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Hu R, Wang MQ, Liu LY, You HY, Wu XH, Liu YY, Wang YJ, Lu L, Xiao W, Wei LB. Calycosin inhibited autophagy and oxidative stress in chronic kidney disease skeletal muscle atrophy by regulating AMPK/SKP2/CARM1 signalling pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:11084-11099. [PMID: 32910538 PMCID: PMC7576237 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy is a common and serious complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Oxidative stress and autophagy are the primary molecular mechanisms involved in muscle atrophy. Calycosin, a major component of Radix astragali, exerts anti‐inflammatory, anti‐oxidative stress and anti‐autophagy effects. We investigated the effects and mechanisms of calycosin on skeletal muscle atrophy in vivo and in vitro. 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6 Nx) rats were used as a model of CKD. We evaluated bodyweight and levels of serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum albumin (Alb). H&E staining, cell apoptosis, oxidative stress biomarkers, autophagosome and LC3A/B levels were performed and evaluated in skeletal muscle of CKD rat. Calycosin treatment improved bodyweight and renal function, alleviated muscle atrophy (decreased the levels of MuRF1 and MAFbx), increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px) activity and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in skeletal muscle of CKD rats. Importantly, calycosin reduced autophagosome formation, down‐regulated the expression of LC3A/B and ATG7 through inhibition of AMPK and FOXO3a, and increased SKP2, which resulted in decreased expression of CARM1, H3R17me2a. Similar results were observed in C2C12 cells treated with TNF‐α and calycosin. Our findings showed that calycosin inhibited oxidative stress and autophagy in CKD induced skeletal muscle atrophy and in TNF‐α‐induced C2C12 myotube atrophy, partially by regulating the AMPK/SKP2/CARM1 signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Hu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ming-Qing Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ling-Yu Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hai-Yan You
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yang-Yang Liu
- Zhongshan Huangpu People's Hospital, Zhongshan, China
| | - Yan-Jing Wang
- Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Lu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lian-Bo Wei
- Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
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20
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Xiu MX, Zeng B, Kuang BH. Identification of hub genes, miRNAs and regulatory factors relevant for Duchenne muscular dystrophy by bioinformatics analysis. Int J Neurosci 2020; 132:296-305. [DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2020.1810030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Xi Xiu
- Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Bin Zeng
- Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Bo-Hai Kuang
- Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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21
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Szulik MW, Davis K, Bakhtina A, Azarcon P, Bia R, Horiuchi E, Franklin S. Transcriptional regulation by methyltransferases and their role in the heart: highlighting novel emerging functionality. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2020; 319:H847-H865. [PMID: 32822544 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00382.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Methyltransferases are a superfamily of enzymes that transfer methyl groups to proteins, nucleic acids, and small molecules. Traditionally, these enzymes have been shown to carry out a specific modification (mono-, di-, or trimethylation) on a single, or limited number of, amino acid(s). The largest subgroup of this family, protein methyltransferases, target arginine and lysine side chains of histone molecules to regulate gene expression. Although there is a large number of functional studies that have been performed on individual methyltransferases describing their methylation targets and effects on biological processes, no analyses exist describing the spatial distribution across tissues or their differential expression in the diseased heart. For this review, we performed tissue profiling in protein databases of 199 confirmed or putative methyltransferases to demonstrate the unique tissue-specific expression of these individual proteins. In addition, we examined transcript data sets from human heart failure patients and murine models of heart disease to identify 40 methyltransferases in humans and 15 in mice, which are differentially regulated in the heart, although many have never been functionally interrogated. Lastly, we focused our analysis on the largest subgroup, that of protein methyltransferases, and present a newly emerging phenomenon in which 16 of these enzymes have been shown to play dual roles in regulating transcription by maintaining the ability to both activate and repress transcription through methyltransferase-dependent or -independent mechanisms. Overall, this review highlights a novel paradigm shift in our understanding of the function of histone methyltransferases and correlates their expression in heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta W Szulik
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Kathryn Davis
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Anna Bakhtina
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Presley Azarcon
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Ryan Bia
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Emilee Horiuchi
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Sarah Franklin
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
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Li T, Mu N, Yin Y, Yu L, Ma H. Targeting AMP-Activated Protein Kinase in Aging-Related Cardiovascular Diseases. Aging Dis 2020; 11:967-977. [PMID: 32765957 PMCID: PMC7390518 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2019.0901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a pivotal risk factor for developing cardiovascular diseases (CVD) due to the lifelong exposure to various risk factors that may affect the heart and vasculature during aging. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a serine/threonine protein kinase, is a pivotal endogenous energy regulator that protects against various pathological alterations. In this report, we first introduced the protective mechanisms of AMPK signaling in myocardium, such as oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, autophagy and inflammatory response. Next, we introduced the potential correlation between AMPK and cardiac aging. Then, we highlighted the roles of AMPK signaling in cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial ischemia, cardiomyopathy, and heart failure. Lastly, some potential directions and further perspectives were expanded. The information extends our understanding on the protective roles of AMPK in myocardial aging, which may contribute to the design of drug targets and sheds light on potential treatments of AMPK for aging-related CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Li
- 1Department of physiology and pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Nan Mu
- 1Department of physiology and pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yue Yin
- 1Department of physiology and pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lu Yu
- 2Department of pathology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Heng Ma
- 1Department of physiology and pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Talebian S, Daghagh H, Yousefi B, Ȍzkul Y, Ilkhani K, Seif F, Alivand MR. The role of epigenetics and non-coding RNAs in autophagy: A new perspective for thorough understanding. Mech Ageing Dev 2020; 190:111309. [PMID: 32634442 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2020.111309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is a major self-degradative intracellular process required for the maintenance of homeostasis and promotion of survival in response to starvation. It plays critical roles in a large variety of physiological and pathological processes. On the other hand, aberrant regulation of autophagy can lead to various cancers and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Crohn's disease. Emerging evidence strongly supports that epigenetic signatures, related non-coding RNA profiles, and their cross-talking are significantly associated with the control of autophagic responses. Therefore, it may be helpful and promising to manage autophagic processes by finding valuable markers and therapeutic approaches. Although there is a great deal of information on the components of autophagy in the cytoplasm, the molecular basis of the epigenetic regulation of autophagy has not been completely elucidated. In this review, we highlight recent research on epigenetic changes through the expression of autophagy-related genes (ATGs), which regulate autophagy, DNA methylation, histone modifications as well as non-coding RNAs, including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs) and their relationship with human diseases, that play key roles in causing autophagy-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahrzad Talebian
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Daghagh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Aging Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yusuf Ȍzkul
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Khandan Ilkhani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farhad Seif
- Department of Immunology & Allergy, Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Alivand
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Ding F, Shan C, Li H, Zhang Y, Guo C, Zhou Z, Zheng J, Shen W, Dai Q, Ouyang Q, Wu X. Simvastatin alleviated diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction in rats by enhancing AMPK pathway-induced autophagy. Andrology 2020; 8:780-792. [PMID: 31955524 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction is a common diabetic complication, and new therapeutics and the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction need to be investigated. OBJECTIVES The aim was to investigate the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction and the pharmacological mechanism of simvastatin treatment in diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction model rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 86 male Sprague Dawley rats aged 8 weeks old were used in this study. The rats were divided into three groups: control (normal), diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction (streptozotocin-injected), and diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction + simvastatin (sim). Each group was subdivided into two subgroups for in vitro and in vivo analyses. A bioinformatics method was used to detect differences in gene expression in the corpus cavernosum between normal and diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction rats. Erectile function was measured by a cavernous nerve electrostimulation test. Corpus cavernosum fibrosis was assessed by Masson staining and Western blotting. Immunofluorescence and Western blotting were performed to explore the differential expression of autophagy-related genes and the AMPK-SKP2-CARM1 pathway genes in rat cavernous smooth muscle cells and the corpus cavernosum. The autophagosomes of the corpus cavernosum tissue were observed by transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS Autophagy-related genes and pathways (the AMPK and FoxO pathway) were identified by bioinformatics analysis and confirmed at the protein level. Simvastatin, an AMPK agonist, was used to treat diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction rats for 8 weeks, demonstrating that erectile function was improved for 80.5% (P < .05) of rats. Corpus cavernosum fibrosis was alleviated (P < .05), and autophagy was further enhanced (P < .05); these results might be partially caused by AMPK-SKP2-CARM1 pathway activation (P < .05). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Simvastatin could enhance protective autophagy by activating the AMPK-SKP2-CARM1 pathway to improve erectile function in diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Ding
- Institute of Urinary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Changyu Shan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongwei Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuping Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunling Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhansong Zhou
- Institute of Urinary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ji Zheng
- Institute of Urinary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenhao Shen
- Institute of Urinary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiang Dai
- Institute of Urinary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qin Ouyang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- Institute of Urinary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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25
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Cai Z, Moten A, Peng D, Hsu CC, Pan BS, Manne R, Li HY, Lin HK. The Skp2 Pathway: A Critical Target for Cancer Therapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 67:16-33. [PMID: 32014608 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Strictly regulated protein degradation by ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is essential for various cellular processes whose dysregulation is linked to serious diseases including cancer. Skp2, a well characterized component of Skp2-SCF E3 ligase complex, is able to conjugate both K48-linked ubiquitin chains and K63-linked ubiquitin chains on its diverse substrates, inducing proteasome mediated proteolysis or modulating the function of tagged substrates respectively. Overexpression of Skp2 is observed in various human cancers associated with poor survival and adverse therapeutic outcomes, which in turn suggests that Skp2 engages in tumorigenic activity. To that end, the oncogenic properties of Skp2 are demonstrated by various genetic mouse models, highlighting the potential of Skp2 as a target for tackling cancer. In this article, we will describe the downstream substrates of Skp2 as well as upstream regulators for Skp2-SCF complex activity. We will further summarize the comprehensive oncogenic functions of Skp2 while describing diverse strategies and therapeutic platforms currently available for developing Skp2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Cai
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC, 27101, USA.
| | - Asad Moten
- National Capital Consortium, Department of Defense, Washington DC, 20307, USA; Institute for Complex Systems, HealthNovations International, Houston, TX, 77089, USA; Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA; Center on Genomics, Vulnerable Populations, and Health Disparities, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Danni Peng
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC, 27101, USA
| | - Che-Chia Hsu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC, 27101, USA
| | - Bo-Syong Pan
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC, 27101, USA
| | - Rajeshkumar Manne
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC, 27101, USA
| | - Hong-Yu Li
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Science, 200 South Cedar, Little Rock AR 72202, USA
| | - Hui-Kuan Lin
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC, 27101, USA; Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan.
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26
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Li C, Mu N, Gu C, Liu M, Yang Z, Yin Y, Chen M, Wang Y, Han Y, Yu L, Ma H. Metformin mediates cardioprotection against aging-induced ischemic necroptosis. Aging Cell 2020; 19:e13096. [PMID: 31944526 PMCID: PMC6996959 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Necroptosis is crucially involved in severe cardiac pathological conditions. However, whether necroptosis contributes to age‐related intolerance to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury remains elusive. In addition, metformin as a potential anti‐aging related injury drug, how it interacts with myocardial necroptosis is not yet clear. Male C57BL/6 mice at 3–4‐ (young) and 22–24 months of age (aged) and RIPK3‐deficient (Ripk3−/−) mice were used to investigate aging‐related I/R injury in vivo. Metformin (125 μg/kg, i.p.), necrostatin‐1 (3.5 mg/kg), and adenovirus vector encoding p62‐shRNAs (Ad‐sh‐p62) were used to treat aging mice. I/R‐induced myocardial necroptosis was exaggerated in aged mice, which correlated with autophagy defects characterized by p62 accumulation in aged hearts or aged human myocardium. Functionally, blocking autophagic flux promoted H/R‐evoked cardiomyocyte necroptosis in vitro. We further revealed that p62 forms a complex with RIP1‐RIP3 (necrosome) and promotes the binding of RIP1 and RIP3. In mice, necrostatin‐1 treatment (a RIP1 inhibitor), RIP3 deficiency, and cardiac p62 knockdown in vivo demonstrated that p62‐RIP1‐RIP3‐dependent myocardial necroptosis contributes to aging‐related myocardial vulnerability to I/R injury. Notably, metformin treatment disrupted p62‐RIP1‐RIP3 complexes and effectively repressed I/R‐induced necroptosis in aged hearts, ultimately reducing mortality in this model. These findings highlight previously unknown mechanisms of aging‐related myocardial ischemic vulnerability: p62‐necrosome‐dependent necroptosis. Metformin acts as a cardioprotective agent that inhibits this unfavorable chain mechanism of aging‐related I/R susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Nan Mu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Chunhu Gu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Xijing Hospital Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Manling Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Zheng Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Yue Yin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Mai Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Xijing Hospital Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Yishi Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Yuehu Han
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Xijing Hospital Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Lu Yu
- Department of Pathology Xijing Hospital Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Heng Ma
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
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27
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Yang L, Wang S, Ma J, Li J, Yang J, Bucala R, Ren J. CD74 knockout attenuates alcohol intake-induced cardiac dysfunction through AMPK-Skp2-mediated regulation of autophagy. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:2368-2378. [PMID: 31167126 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
CD74, a non-polymorphic type II transmembrane glycoprotein and MHC class II chaperone, is the cell surface receptor for the inflammatory cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and participates in inflammatory signaling regulation. This study examined the potential role of CD74 in binge drinking-induced cardiac contractile dysfunction. WT and CD74 knockout mice were exposed to ethanol (3 g/kg/d, i.p., for 3 days). Echocardiography, cardiomyocyte function, histological staining and autophagy signaling including AMPK, mTOR, and AMPK downstream signals Skp2 and Sirt1 were evaluated. Our results revealed that ethanol challenge overtly compromised echocardiographic, cardiomyocyte contractile, intracellular Ca2+ and ultrastructural properties along with overt apoptosis, inflammation (elevated MIF, IL-1β and IL-6) and mitochondrial O2- production (p < 0.01), the effect of which was reconciled by CD74 ablation (p < 0.01 vs. ethanol group) with the exception of MIF expression. Ethanol challenge upregulated autophagy (p < 0.001), promoted AMPK phosphorylation and Sirt1 levels (p < 0.003) while suppressing mTOR phosphorylation and Skp2 levels (p < 0.02). These effects were reversed by CD74 ablation. In vitro studies demonstrated that short-term ethanol challenge compromised cardiomyocyte contractile function and facilitated GFP-Puncta formation, which were mitigated by CD74 knockout (p < 0.0001). Moreover, the CD74 ablation-offered beneficial effects against ethanol-induced cardiomyocyte dysfunction, and GFP-Puncta formation were nullified by the AMPK activator AICAR, the Skp2 inhibitor C1 or the Sirt1 activator SRT1720 (p < 0.0001). Taken together, our data revealed that CD74 ablation counteracts acute ethanol challenge-induced myocardial dysfunction, inflammation and apoptosis possibly through an AMPK-mTOR-Skp2-mediated regulation of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xi'an Children Hospital, Xi'an 710003, China; Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA.
| | - Shuyi Wang
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jipeng Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Mississippi Center for Heart Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Richard Bucala
- Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Jun Ren
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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28
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Wang Y, Yang Z, Zheng G, Yu L, Yin Y, Mu N, Ma H. Metformin promotes autophagy in ischemia/reperfusion myocardium via cytoplasmic AMPKα1 and nuclear AMPKα2 pathways. Life Sci 2019; 225:64-71. [PMID: 30953640 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS In myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI/R) injury, impaired autophagy function worsens cardiomyocyte death. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a heterotrimeric protein that plays an important role in cardioprotection and myocardial autophagic function. AMPKα1 and α2 are localized primarily in the cytoplasm and nucleus, respectively, in cardiomyocytes, but the isoform-specific autophagy regulation of AMPK during MI/R remains unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS An MI/R model was built, and the protein expression of AMPKα1/α2, p-AMPK, mTOR, p-mTOR, TFEB, p-FoxO3a, SKP2, CARM1, TBP, Atg5, LAMP2, LC3B, and p62 during ischemia and reperfusion was determined by western blotting. Recombinant adeno-associated virus (serotype 9) vectors carrying tandem fluorescent-tagged LC3 or mRFP-GFP-LC3/GFP-LC3 were used to evaluate the autophagy status. AMPKα2 knockout mice were used for in vivo studies. KEY FINDINGS Both cytoplasmic AMPKα1 and nuclear α2 subunit expression decreased during the reperfusion period, which led to AMPKα1-mTOR-TFEB and AMPKα2-Skp2-CARM1-TFEB signaling inhibition, respectively. The decreased TFEB level during reperfusion suppressed autophagy. Metformin could activate both the AMPKα1- and α2- mediated pathways, thus restoring autophagy flux during reperfusion. Nevertheless, in AMPKα2 knockout mice, nuclear α2-regulated Skp2-CARM1-TFEB signaling was inhibited, while α1-related signaling was comparatively unaffected, which partially impaired metformin-enhanced autophagy. SIGNIFICANCE Our study suggests that metformin had the dual effects of promoting both cytoplasmic AMPKα1- and nuclear AMPKα2-related signaling to improve autophagic flux and restore cardiac function during MI/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yishi Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Zheng Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Guoxu Zheng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Lu Yu
- Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yue Yin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Nan Mu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Heng Ma
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
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CARM1 contributes to skeletal muscle wasting by mediating FoxO3 activity and promoting myofiber autophagy. Exp Cell Res 2018; 374:198-209. [PMID: 30500392 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1) is involved in a variety of biological processes in different cell types and disease conditions, including myogenesis. However, the specific function of CARM1 in skeletal muscle wasting under pathologic conditions remains unclear. Here, we identify CARM1 as a novel participant in muscular atrophy. Increases in CARM1 protein levels correlated positively with the loss of muscle mass upon denervation in mice. Notably, the knockdown of CARM1 represses the progression of muscle wasting and the expression of the atrophy-related genes Atrogin-1 and MuRF1 in vivo and in vitro. With respect to the underlying mechanism, we show that CARM1 interacts with and asymmetrically dimethylates FoxO3 (a specific transcription factor that controls atrophy-related gene expression). This methylation modification by CARM1 is required for FoxO3-dependent transcription. Accordingly, a CARM1 methyltransferase inhibitor also restrains the expression of Atrogin-1 and MuRF1 and myotube atrophy. Furthermore, CARM1 knockdown induces a remarkable myofiber autophagic deficit during the atrophy process. Altogether, our study identifies a crucial regulator of skeletal muscle atrophy and suggests that CARM1 is a potential target for the prevention of muscle atrophy.
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30
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Gu C, Li T, Jiang S, Yang Z, Lv J, Yi W, Yang Y, Fang M. AMP-activated protein kinase sparks the fire of cardioprotection against myocardial ischemia and cardiac ageing. Ageing Res Rev 2018; 47:168-175. [PMID: 30110651 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a pivotal regulator of some endogenous defensive molecules in various pathological processes, particularly myocardial ischemia (MI), a high risk of myocardial infarction. Thereby it is of great significance to explore the inherent mechanism between AMPK and myocardial infarction. In this review, we first introduce the structure and role of AMPK in the heart. Next, we introduce the mechanisms of AMPK in the heart; followed by the energy regulation of AMPK in MI. Lastly, the attention will be expanded to some potential directions and further perspectives. The information compiled here will be helpful for further research and drug design in the future before AMPK might be considered as a therapeutic target of MI.
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PRMT1 Deficiency in Mouse Juvenile Heart Induces Dilated Cardiomyopathy and Reveals Cryptic Alternative Splicing Products. iScience 2018; 8:200-213. [PMID: 30321814 PMCID: PMC6197527 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2018.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) catalyzes the asymmetric dimethylation of arginine residues in proteins and methylation of various RNA-binding proteins and is associated with alternative splicing in vitro. Although PRMT1 has essential in vivo roles in embryonic development, CNS development, and skeletal muscle regeneration, the functional importance of PRMT1 in the heart remains to be elucidated. Here, we report that juvenile cardiomyocyte-specific PRMT1-deficient mice develop severe dilated cardiomyopathy and exhibit aberrant cardiac alternative splicing. Furthermore, we identified previously undefined cardiac alternative splicing isoforms of four genes (Asb2, Fbxo40, Nrap, and Eif4a2) in PRMT1-cKO mice and revealed that eIF4A2 protein isoforms translated from alternatively spliced mRNA were differentially ubiquitinated and degraded by the ubiquitin-proteasome system. These findings highlight the essential roles of PRMT1 in cardiac homeostasis and alternative splicing regulation. PRMT1 deficiency in cardiomyocytes causes dilated cardiomyopathy in juvenile mice PRMT1-deficient heart shows abnormal alternative splicing patterns Previously undefined cardiac splicing events are revealed by transcriptome analysis eIF4A2 isoforms are differentially ubiquitinated and degraded
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32
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Zhang Y, Mu X, Gao R, Geng Y, Liu X, Chen X, Wang Y, Ding Y, Wang Y, He J. Foetal-neonatal exposure of Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate disrupts ovarian development in mice by inducing autophagy. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 358:101-112. [PMID: 29990796 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The female reproductive lifespan is largely determined by the size of the primordial follicle pool, which is established early in life. We previously reported that Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), an environmental endocrine disruptor and a widely-spreading plasticizer, impairs primordial folliculogenesis. In the present study, we found DEHP significantly altered the number and sex ratio of the offspring of neonatal-exposed mice. Furthermore, by a neonatal exposure model and an ovary culture model, it showed that DEHP activated autophagy in the ovary, with increased autophagy-related gene expression and recognizable autophagosomes, while inhibition of autophagy by 3-MA attenuated the adverse impact of DEHP on primordial folliculogenesis. Moreover, key components of AMPK-SKP2-CARM1 signalling were up-regulated by DEHP in the ovary, and AMPK inhibitor Compound C reduced autophagy-related gene expression and partially recovered primordial follicle assembly. Collectively, this study demonstrates that DEHP induces autophagy by activating AMPK-SKP2-CARM1 signalling in mice perinatal ovaries, which results in disrupted primordial folliculogenesis and reduced female fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Xinyi Mu
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Rufei Gao
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Yanqing Geng
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Xueqing Liu
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Yuheng Wang
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Yubin Ding
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Yingxiong Wang
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Junlin He
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China.
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Wang J, Qiu Z, Wu Y. Ubiquitin Regulation: The Histone Modifying Enzyme's Story. Cells 2018; 7:cells7090118. [PMID: 30150556 PMCID: PMC6162602 DOI: 10.3390/cells7090118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone post-translational modifications influence many fundamental cellular events by regulating chromatin structure and gene transcriptional activity. These modifications are highly dynamic and tightly controlled, with many enzymes devoted to the addition and removal of these modifications. Interestingly, these modifying enzymes are themselves fine-tuned and precisely regulated at the level of protein turnover by ubiquitin-proteasomal processing. Here, we focus on recent progress centered on the mechanisms regulating ubiquitination of histone modifying enzymes, including ubiquitin proteasomal degradation and the reverse process of deubiquitination. We will also discuss the potential pathophysiological significance of these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology & Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky School of Medicine, KY 40506, USA.
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky School of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.
| | - Zhaoping Qiu
- Department of Pharmacology & Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky School of Medicine, KY 40506, USA.
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky School of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.
| | - Yadi Wu
- Department of Pharmacology & Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky School of Medicine, KY 40506, USA.
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky School of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.
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Wang S, Ge W, Harns C, Meng X, Zhang Y, Ren J. Ablation of toll-like receptor 4 attenuates aging-induced myocardial remodeling and contractile dysfunction through NCoRI-HDAC1-mediated regulation of autophagy. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2018; 119:40-50. [PMID: 29660306 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aging is usually accompanied with overt structural and functional changes as well as suppressed autophagy in the heart although the precise regulatory mechanisms are somewhat unknown. Here we evaluated the role of the innate proinflammatory mediator toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in cardiac aging and the underlying mechanism with a focus on autophagy. Cardiac geometry and function were monitored in young or old wild-type (WT) and TLR4 knockout (TLR4-/-) mice using echocardiography, IonOptix® edge-detection and fura-2 techniques. Levels of autophagy and mitophagy, nuclear receptor corepressor 1 (NCoR1) and histone deacetylase I (HDAC1) were examined using western blot. Transmission electronic microscopy (TEM) was employed to monitor myocardial ultrastructure. Our results revealed that TLR4 ablation alleviated advanced aging (24 months)-induced changes in myocardial remodeling (increased heart weight, chamber size, cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area), contractile function and intracellular Ca2+ handling as well as autophagy and mitophagy [Beclin-1, Atg5, LC3B, PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1), Parkin and p62]. Aging downregulated levels of NCoR1 and HDAC1 as well as their interaction, the effects were significantly attenuated or negated by TLR4 ablation. Advanced aging disturbed myocardial ultrastructure as evidenced by loss of myofilament alignment and swollen mitochondria, which was obliterated by TLR4 ablation. Moreover, aging suppressed autophagy (GFP-LC3B puncta) in neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes, the effect of which was negated by the TLR4 inhibitor CLI-095. Inhibition of HDCA1 using apicidin cancelled off CLI095-induced beneficial response of GFP-LC3B puncta against aging. Our data collectively indicate a role for TLR4-mediated autophagy in cardiac remodeling and contractile dysfunction in aging through a HDAC1-NCoR1-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyi Wang
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wei Ge
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA; Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital Air Force University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Carrie Harns
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Xianzhong Meng
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Yingmei Zhang
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jun Ren
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Aerobic Interval Training Regulated SIRT3 Attenuates High-Fat-Diet-Associated Cognitive Dysfunction. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:2708491. [PMID: 29765980 PMCID: PMC5885335 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2708491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive dysfunction is an important complicated disease in obesity. Exercise ameliorates obesity and the related cognitive dysfunction. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. In this study, we investigated whether aerobic interval training (AIT) could attenuate high-fat-diet- (HFD-) associated cognitive dysfunction and the possible mechanism of SIRT3-MnSOD pathway. C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) mice and SIRT3 knockout (KO) mice were randomized into control (Con) or HFD group with or without AIT training for 6 weeks. The spatial learning and memory ability were impaired in HFD group compared to the control group. The levels of mitochondrial protein acetylation were increased in the hippocampus of HFD group. The acetylation level of antioxidative MnSOD was increased as well. As a result, the ROS and MDA levels were significantly increased, which leads to the neuron apoptosis in the hippocampus. SIRT3 deficiency further aggravated HFD-induced cognitive dysfunction and susceptibility to oxidative stress injury. However, AIT upregulated neuron SIRT3 expression and decreased the acetylation of MnSOD. The hippocampus neuron oxidative stress and apoptosis were both decreased compared to untrained HFD group, which finally improved cognitive function of HFD mice. Collectively, AIT attenuates HFD-associated cognitive dysfunction through SIRT3 upregulation and improvement of antioxidative MnSOD activity.
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