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Zhu YY, Zhang Q, Jia YC, Hou MJ, Zhu BT. Protein disulfide isomerase plays a crucial role in mediating chemically-induced, glutathione depletion-associated hepatocyte injury in vitro and in vivo. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:431. [PMID: 39243059 PMCID: PMC11378433 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01798-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently we have shown that protein disulfide isomerase (PDI or PDIA1) is involved in mediating chemically-induced, glutathione (GSH) depletion-associated ferroptotic cell death through NOS activation (dimerization) and NO accumulation. The present study aims to determine the role of PDI in mediating chemically-induced hepatocyte injury in vitro and in vivo and whether PDI inhibitors can effectively protect against chemically-induced hepatocyte injury. We show that during the development of erastin-induced ferroptotic cell death, accumulation of cellular NO, ROS and lipid-ROS follows a sequential order, i.e., cellular NO accumulation first, followed by accumulation of cellular ROS, and lastly cellular lipid-ROS. Cellular NO, ROS and lipid-ROS each play a crucial role in mediating erastin-induced ferroptosis in cultured hepatocytes. In addition, it is shown that PDI is an important upstream mediator of erastin-induced ferroptosis through PDI-mediated conversion of NOS monomer to its dimer, which then leads to accumulation of cellular NO, ROS and lipid-ROS, and ultimately ferroptotic cell death. Genetic manipulation of PDI expression or pharmacological inhibition of PDI function each can effectively abrogate erastin-induced ferroptosis. Lastly, evidence is presented to show that PDI is also involved in mediating acetaminophen-induced liver injury in vivo using both wild-type C57BL/6J mice and hepatocyte-specific PDI conditional knockout (PDIfl/fl Alb-cre) mice. Together, our work demonstrates that PDI is an important upstream mediator of chemically-induced, GSH depletion-associated hepatocyte ferroptosis, and inhibition of PDI can effectively prevent this injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yin Zhu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Discovery and Development, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2001 Longxiang Blvd., Longgang District, Shenzhen, 518172, Guangdong, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Discovery and Development, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2001 Longxiang Blvd., Longgang District, Shenzhen, 518172, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi-Chen Jia
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Discovery and Development, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2001 Longxiang Blvd., Longgang District, Shenzhen, 518172, Guangdong, China
| | - Ming-Jie Hou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Discovery and Development, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2001 Longxiang Blvd., Longgang District, Shenzhen, 518172, Guangdong, China
| | - Bao Ting Zhu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Discovery and Development, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2001 Longxiang Blvd., Longgang District, Shenzhen, 518172, Guangdong, China.
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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Mechanism of Erastin-Induced Ferroptosis in MDA-MB-231 Human Breast Cancer Cells: Evidence for a Critical Role of Protein Disulfide Isomerase. Mol Cell Biol 2022; 42:e0052221. [PMID: 35499331 PMCID: PMC9202373 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00522-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death resulting predominantly from catastrophic accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS). While the antioxidant systems that counter ferroptosis have been well characterized, the mechanism underlying ferroptosis-associated accumulation of lipid ROS remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) is a novel mediator of ferroptosis, which is responsible for the accumulation of lipid ROS and ultimately ferroptosis in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. Treatment with erastin led to a significant increase in inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-mediated nitric oxide production, which contributes to the accumulation of the death-inducing cellular lipid ROS. Small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated PDI knockdown or pharmacological inhibition of PDI’s isomerase activity with cystamine strongly suppressed iNOS dimerization and its catalytic activation, subsequently prevented lipid ROS accumulation, and conferred strong protection against erastin-induced ferroptosis. Remarkably, PDI knockdown in MDA-MB-231 cells also largely abrogated the protective effect of cystamine against erastin-induced ferroptotic cell death. Together, these experimental observations demonstrate a noncanonical role of PDI in ferroptosis, which may serve as a potential therapeutic target for ferroptosis-related diseases.
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Karatas E, Raymond AA, Leon C, Dupuy JW, Di-Tommaso S, Senant N, Collardeau-Frachon S, Ruiz M, Lachaux A, Saltel F, Bouchecareilh M. Hepatocyte proteomes reveal the role of protein disulfide isomerase 4 in alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency. JHEP Rep 2021; 3:100297. [PMID: 34151245 PMCID: PMC8192868 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2021.100297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims A single point mutation in the Z-variant of alpha 1-antitrypsin (Z-AAT) alone can lead to both a protein folding and trafficking defect, preventing its exit from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and the formation of aggregates that are retained as inclusions within the ER of hepatocytes. These defects result in a systemic AAT deficiency (AATD) that causes lung disease, whereas the ER-retained aggregates can induce severe liver injury in patients with ZZ-AATD. Unfortunately, therapeutic approaches are still limited and liver transplantation represents the only curative treatment option. To overcome this limitation, a better understanding of the molecular basis of ER aggregate formation could provide new strategies for therapeutic intervention. Methods Our functional and omics approaches here based on human hepatocytes from patients with ZZ-AATD have enabled the identification and characterisation of the role of the protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) A4/ERP72 in features of AATD-mediated liver disease. Results We report that 4 members of the PDI family (PDIA4, PDIA3, P4HB, and TXNDC5) are specifically upregulated in ZZ-AATD liver samples from adult patients. Furthermore, we show that only PDIA4 knockdown or alteration of its activity by cysteamine treatment can promote Z-AAT secretion and lead to a marked decrease in Z aggregates. Finally, detailed analysis of the Z-AAT interactome shows that PDIA4 silencing provides a more conducive environment for folding of the Z mutant, accompanied by reduction of Z-AAT-mediated oxidative stress, a feature of AATD-mediated liver disease. Conclusions PDIA4 is involved in AATD-mediated liver disease and thus represents a therapeutic target for inhibition by drugs such as cysteamine. PDI inhibition therefore represents a potential therapeutic approach for treatment of AATD. Lay summary Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) family members, and particularly PDIA4, are upregulated and involved in alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD)-mediated liver disease in adults. PDI inhibition upon cysteamine treatment leads to improvements in features of AATD and hence represents a therapeutic approach for treatment of AATD-mediated liver disease. PDIA4 is upregulated and involved in alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD)-mediated liver disease in adults. Knockdown of PDIA4 by siRNA or inhibition upon cysteamine treatment leads to improvements in features of AATD. RNA interference against PDIA4 or cysteamine represent approaches for treatment of AATD-mediated liver disease.
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Key Words
- AAT, alpha 1-antitrypsin
- AATD, alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency
- Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency
- CF, cystic fibrosis
- CFTR, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator
- Cysteamine
- ER, endoplasmic reticulum
- FFPE, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded
- FKBP10, FK506-binding protein (FKBP) isoform 10
- HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- IP, immunoprecipitation
- Liver damage
- NHK, null Hong Kong variant of AAT
- P4HB, prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit beta/PDIA1
- PDI, protein disulfide isomerase
- PDIA3, protein disulfide isomerase family A member 3/ERP57
- PDIA4
- PDIA4, protein disulfide isomerase family A member 4/ERP70/ERP72
- PDIi, PDI inhibitors
- Protein disulfide isomerase
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SURF4, proteins Surfeit 4
- Scr, scramble
- TRX, thioredoxin
- TXNDC5, thioredoxin domain containing 5/PDIA15
- Treatment
- WT, wild-type
- Z-AAT, alpha 1-antitrypsin Z variant
- ZZ, homozygosis for the Z mutant allele
- siRNA, small RNA interference
- ΔF508-CFTR, most common mutation of CFTR, which deletes phenylalanine508
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Karatas
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, INSERM, BaRITOn, U1053, Bordeaux, France
| | - Anne-Aurélie Raymond
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, INSERM, BaRITOn, U1053, Bordeaux, France.,Oncoprot, University of Bordeaux, INSERM, TBM-Core, UMS 3427, US 5, Bordeaux, France
| | - Céline Leon
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, INSERM, BaRITOn, U1053, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Sylvaine Di-Tommaso
- Oncoprot, University of Bordeaux, INSERM, TBM-Core, UMS 3427, US 5, Bordeaux, France
| | - Nathalie Senant
- Plateforme d'histopathologie, TBM-Core US 005, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sophie Collardeau-Frachon
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Hépatologie, Gastroentérologie et Nutrition pédiatriques, Centre de référence de l'atrésie des voies biliaires et cholestases génétiques, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Est, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Mathias Ruiz
- Hépatologie, Gastroentérologie et Nutrition pédiatriques, Centre de référence de l'atrésie des voies biliaires et cholestases génétiques, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Hamburg, Germany.,Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Est, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Alain Lachaux
- Hépatologie, Gastroentérologie et Nutrition pédiatriques, Centre de référence de l'atrésie des voies biliaires et cholestases génétiques, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Hamburg, Germany.,Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Est, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Frédéric Saltel
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, INSERM, BaRITOn, U1053, Bordeaux, France.,Oncoprot, University of Bordeaux, INSERM, TBM-Core, UMS 3427, US 5, Bordeaux, France
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Yamakawa T, Kurauchi Y, Hisatsune A, Seki T, Katsuki H. Endogenous Nitric Oxide Inhibits, Whereas Awakening Stimuli Increase, the Activity of a Subset of Orexin Neurons. Biol Pharm Bull 2019; 41:1859-1865. [PMID: 30504686 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b18-00633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The lateral hypothalamic area contains neurons expressing neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), in addition to orexin neurons. Here we examined whether the activity of orexin neurons was regulated by endogenous nitric oxide (NO) in male C57BL/6 mice. Caffeine (30 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.)) increased the number of orexin neurons positive for c-Fos, a marker of neuronal activity, and also increased the number of NOS/c-Fos-positive cells as identified by reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) diaphorase histochemistry and c-Fos immunohistochemistry. Diphenhydramine hydrochloride (10 mg/kg. i.p.) decreased c-Fos-positive orexin neurons but had no significant effect on the number of c-Fos-positive NOS neurons. nNOS inhibitor 7-nitroindazole (25 mg/kg, i.p.) alone increased c-Fos-positive orexin neurons, and combined treatment with caffeine and 7-nitroindazole did not show additive effect in the number of c-Fos-positive orexin neurons. In contrast, 7-nitroindazole decreased c-Fos-positive NOS neurons and attenuated caffeine-induced increase in c-Fos-positive NOS neurons. Sleep deprivation increased c-Fos-positive cells in both orexin neurons and NOS neurons, and 7-nitroindazole did not show additive effect with sleep deprivation in the activation of orexin neurons. Together, these results suggest that endogenous NO negatively regulates the activity of a subset of orexin neurons, and this subset of orexin neurons overlaps with that activated by awakening stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takao Yamakawa
- Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Yuki Kurauchi
- Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Akinori Hisatsune
- Program for Leading Graduate Schools "HIGO (Health life science: Interdisciplinary and Glocal Oriented) Program," Priority Organization for Innovation and Excellence, Kumamoto University
| | - Takahiro Seki
- Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Hiroshi Katsuki
- Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University
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Katsuki H. [Cellular mechanisms involved in induction of selective degeneration of orexin neurons in the hypothalamus]. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 2018; 152:70-76. [PMID: 30101863 DOI: 10.1254/fpj.152.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Narcolepsy is a kind of sleep disorder featured by selective loss of orexin neurons in the lateral hypothalamus. Several lines of evidence, including association with specific HLA haplotypes, gene polymorphism in T cell receptor and detection of autoantibodies in a subpopulation of patients, suggest that autoimmune responses play an important role in the pathogenesis of this disorder. Potential relationship with influenza virus infection has also been a matter of interest. However, these events may not be able to explain all cases of narcolepsy. Based on the structural features of orexin, in addition to the findings on the characteristics of orexin neurons obtained from studies in organotypic hypothalamic slice cultures, we proposed novel mechanisms potentially involved in selective degeneration of orexin neurons. Increase in local production of nitric oxide induced by several life style-related conditions such as shortage of sleep and intake of high fat diet leads to inactivation of protein disulfide isomerase. Consequently, abnormal aggregates of orexin and/or its precursor that possess two intra-molecular disulfide bonds accumulate within orexin neurons. In addition to the increase in endoplasmic reticulum stress, accumulation of orexin as abnormal aggregates leads to increased excitability of orexin neurons by shutdown of feedback inhibition resulting from deficits in orexin release. These mechanisms may provide a clue to understand the pathogenic mechanisms of various neurological and psychiatric disorders accompanied by a decrease of orexin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Katsuki
- Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University
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