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Tang Q, Tang Y, Yang Q, Chen R, Zhang H, Luo H, Xiao Q, Liu K, Huang L, Chen J, Wang L, Song X, Chen S, Li G, Wang L, Li Y. Embelin attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute kidney injury through the inhibition of M1 macrophage activation and NF-κB signaling in mice. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14006. [PMID: 36938407 PMCID: PMC10018479 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Septic acute kidney injury (AKI) is commonly associated with renal dysfunction and high mortality in patients. Owing to the rapid and violent occurrence of septic AKI with inflammation, there are no effective therapies to clinically treat it. Embelin, a natural product, has a potential regulatory role in immunocytes. However, the role and mechanism of embelin in septic AKI remains unknown. This study aimed to elucidate the role of embelin in macrophage regulation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced septic AKI. Embelin was intraperitoneally administered to mice after LPS injection. And bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were subsequently isolated from the mice to explore the immunomodulatory role of embelin in macrophages. We found that embelin attenuated renal dysfunction and pathological renal damage in the LPS-induced sepsis mouse model. Molecular docking predicted that embelin could bind to phosphorylated NF-κB p65 at the ser536 site. Embelin inhibited the translocation of NF-κB p65 via phosphorylation at ser536 in LPS-induced AKI. It also reduced the secretion of IL-1β and IL-6 and increased the secretion of IL-10 and Arg-1 of BMDMs and mice after LPS stimulation, indicating that embelin suppressed macrophage M1 activation in LPS-induced AKI. Therefore, embelin attenuated LPS-induced septic AKI by suppressing NF-κB p65 at ser536 in activated macrophages. This study preclinically suggests a therapeutic role of embelin in septic AKI.
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Key Words
- AKI, acute kidney injury
- BMDMs, bone marrow-derived macrophages
- BUN, blood urea nitrogen
- DMEM, Dulbecco's modified eagle's medium
- Embelin
- FBS, fetal bovine serum
- HE, hematoxylin & eosin
- ICU, intensive care unit
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- Inflammation
- LPS, lipopolysaccharide
- Macrophage
- PAS, periodic-acid Schiff
- Phosphorylated NF-κB p65 translocation
- Scr, serum creatinine
- Septic acute kidney injury
- mIF, multiplex immunofluorescent
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Tang
- North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Yun Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Qun Yang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Rong Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
- Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Haojun Luo
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiong Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Kaixiang Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Liming Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Central Laboratory, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, School of Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinrou Song
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Sipei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Guisen Li
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
- Corresponding author. Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China.
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Park SS, Lee YK, Park SH, Lim SB, Choi YW, Shin JS, Kim YH, Kim JH, Park TJ. p15 INK4B is an alternative marker of senescent tumor cells in colorectal cancer. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13170. [PMID: 36785830 PMCID: PMC9918768 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Senescent tumor cells are nonproliferating tumor cells which are closely related to cancer progression by secreting senescence-related molecules, called senescence-associated secreting phenotypes. Therefore, the presence of senescent tumor cells is considered a prognostic factor in various cancer types. Although senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining is considered the best marker for detection of senescent tumor cells, it can only be performed in fresh-frozen tissues. p16INK4A, a cyclin-dependent inhibitor, has been used as an alternative marker to detect senescent tumor cells in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues. However, other reliable markers to detect senescent tumor cells is still lacking. In the present study, using public single-cell RNA-sequencing data, we found that p15INK4B, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, is a novel marker for detection of senescent tumor cells. Moreover, p15INK4B expression was positively correlated with that of p16INK4A in colorectal cancer tissues. In in vitro studies, mRNA expression of p15INK4B was increased together with that of p16INK4A in H2O2- and therapy-induced cancer senescence models. However, the mRNA level of p15INK4B did not increase in the oncogene-induced senescence model in primary colonic epithelial cells. In conclusion, p15INK4B is a potential alternative marker for detection of senescent tumor cells together with conventional markers in advanced stages of colorectal cancer.
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Key Words
- CDK, cyclin dependent kinase
- CRC, colorectal cancer
- Cellular senescence
- Colorectal cancer
- FBS, fetal bovine serum
- FFPE, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded
- GSEA, gene set enrichent analysis
- H3K9me3, histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- SA-β-Gal, senescence-associated β-galactosidase
- STC, senescent tumor cell
- Senescence marker
- Senescent tumor cells
- p15INK4B
- p16INK4A
- scRNA-seq, single cell RNA sequencing
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon Sang Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, South Korea,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, South Korea,Inflamm-Aging Translational Research Center, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, 16499, South Korea
| | - Young-Kyoung Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, South Korea,Inflamm-Aging Translational Research Center, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, 16499, South Korea
| | - So Hyun Park
- Inflamm-Aging Translational Research Center, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, 16499, South Korea,Department of Pathology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, South Korea
| | - Su Bin Lim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, South Korea,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, South Korea,Inflamm-Aging Translational Research Center, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, 16499, South Korea
| | - Yong Won Choi
- Inflamm-Aging Translational Research Center, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, 16499, South Korea,Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, South Korea
| | - Jun Sang Shin
- Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, South Korea
| | - Young Hwa Kim
- Inflamm-Aging Translational Research Center, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, 16499, South Korea
| | - Jang-Hee Kim
- Inflamm-Aging Translational Research Center, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, 16499, South Korea,Department of Pathology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, South Korea,Corresponding author. Department of Pathology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499 South Korea.
| | - Tae Jun Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, South Korea,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, South Korea,Inflamm-Aging Translational Research Center, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, 16499, South Korea,Corresponding author. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499 South Korea.
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Ullah MT, Lopes MBS, Jane JA, Hong GK, Love KM. Co-occurrence of Functional Gonadotroph Adenoma and Lactotroph Adenoma: A Case Report and Literature Review. AACE Clin Case Rep 2022; 9:5-9. [PMID: 36654994 PMCID: PMC9837085 DOI: 10.1016/j.aace.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Objective Functional gonadotroph adenomas (FGAs) are adenomas producing active gonadotropins, follicle-stimulating hormone or luteinizing hormone. Double pituitary adenomas are 2 distinct adenomas occurring in an individual. This report aimed to present an extremely rare case of an FGA, itself an uncommon disorder, co-occurring with a lactotroph adenoma. Case Report A 33-year-old woman presented with menorrhagia and was found to have ovarian enlargement, large uterine leiomyomas, and bitemporal hemianopsia. Initially, the levels of follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol, and prolactin were 73.3 mIU/mL (midcycle peak, 2.3-20.9 mIU/L), 3.74 mIU/L (midcycle peak, 8.7-76.3 mIU/L), 1071 pg/mL (midcycle peak 38-649 pg/mL), and 402 ng/mL (2-30 ng/mL), respectively. Pituitary magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a single sellar mass (2.0 × 2.2 cm). Two months of cabergoline did not reverse visual field deficits; therefore, transsphenoidal resection was performed. Diagnosis of 2 separate adenomas, a gonadotroph and lactotroph adenoma, was confirmed on pathology. Discussion In this case, gonadotropins did not suppress in response to hyperprolactinemia. Although marked hyperprolactinemia has been associated with functional and clinically silent gonadotroph adenomas in prior cases, this is the first case to confirm an FGA co-occurring with a lactotroph adenoma. Conclusion In patients who present with elevated gonadotropin levels despite hyperprolactinemia, we suggest considering FGA. Further research is needed to clarify whether there is underdiagnosis of lactotroph adenomas co-occurring with gonadotroph adenomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad T. Ullah
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - M. Beatriz S. Lopes
- Department of Pathology and Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - John A. Jane
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Gregory K. Hong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Kaitlin M. Love
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia,Address correspondence to Dr Kaitlin M. Love, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Virginia Health System, 450 Ray C. Hunt Drive, Box 800136, Charlottesville, VA 22903.
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Zhai K, Li M, Li J, Wei S, Li Z, Zhang Y, Gao B, Wu X, Li Y. Neuroprotective effect of selective hypothermic cerebral perfusion in extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A preclinical study. JTCVS Open 2022; 12:221-233. [PMID: 36590735 PMCID: PMC9801244 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjon.2022.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Objective Neurologic complications seriously affect the survival rate and quality of life in patients with extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) undergoing cardiac arrest. This study aimed to repurpose selective hypothermic cerebral perfusion (SHCP) as a novel approach to protect the brains of these patients. Methods Rats were randomly allocated to Sham, ECPR, and SHCP combined ECPR (CP-ECPR) groups. In the ECPR group, circulatory resuscitation was performed at 6 minutes after asphyxial cardiac arrest by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. The vital signs were monitored for 3 hours, and body and brain temperatures were maintained at the normal level. In the CP-ECPR group, the right carotid artery catheterization serving as cerebral perfusion was connected with the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation device to achieve selective brain cooling (26-28 °C). Serum markers of brain injury and pathomorphologic changes in the hippocampus were evaluated. Three biological replicates further received RNA sequencing in ECPR and CP-ECPR groups. Microglia activation and inflammatory cytokines in brain tissues and serum were detected. Results SHCP rapidly reduced the brain-targeted temperature and significantly alleviated nerve injury. This was evident from the reduced brain injury serum biomarker levels, lower pathologic scores, and more surviving neurons in the hippocampus in the CP-ECPR group. Furthermore, more differentially expressed genes for inflammatory responses were clustered functionally according to Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis. And SHCP reduced microglia activation and the release of proinflammatory mediators. Conclusions Our preliminary data indicate that SHCP may serve as a potential therapy to attenuate brain injury via downregulation of neuroinflammation in patients with ECPR.
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Key Words
- CA, cardiac arrest
- DEGs, differentially expressed genes
- ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
- ECPR, extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation
- H&E, hematoxylin–eosin
- ICAM-1, Intercellular adhesion molecule-1
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- IL-1β/6/8, interleukin-1β/6/8
- Iba1, ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1
- MAP, mean arterial pressure
- NSE, neuron-specific enolase
- PCR, polymerase chain reaction
- RNA-seq, RNA sequencing
- S100β, S-100β protein
- SHCP, selective hypothermic cerebral perfusion
- TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α
- UCH-L1, ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1
- cardiac arrest
- cerebral protection
- extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation
- hypothermic cerebral perfusion
- neuroinflammation
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerong Zhai
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China,Department of Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Mingming Li
- Department of Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China,Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shilin Wei
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China,Department of Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhen Li
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Bypass, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yanchun Zhang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bingren Gao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiangyang Wu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongnan Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China,Department of Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China,Address for reprints: Yongnan Li, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82, Cuiyingmen, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, China, 730030.
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Liu Y, Park D, Cafiero TR, Bram Y, Chandar V, Tseng A, Gertje HP, Crossland NA, Su L, Schwartz RE, Ploss A. Molecular clones of genetically distinct hepatitis B virus genotypes reveal distinct host and drug treatment responses. JHEP Rep 2022; 4:100535. [PMID: 36035359 PMCID: PMC9403497 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2022.100535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background & Aims HBV exhibits wide genetic diversity with at least 9 genotypes (GTs), which differ in terms of prevalence, geographic distribution, natural history, disease progression, and treatment outcome. However, differences in HBV replicative capacity, gene expression, and infective capability across different GTs remain incompletely understood. Herein, we aimed to study these crucial aspects using newly constructed infectious clones covering the major HBV GTs. Methods The replicative capacity of infectious clones covering HBV GTs A-E was analyzed in cell lines, primary hepatocytes and humanized mice. Host responses and histopathology induced by the different HBV GTs were characterized in hydrodynamically injected mice. Differences in treatment responses to entecavir and various HBV capsid inhibitors were also quantified across the different genetically defined GTs. Results Patient-derived HBV infectious clones replicated robustly both in vitro and in vivo. GTs A and D induce more pronounced intrahepatic and proinflammatory cytokine responses which correlated with faster viral clearance. Notably, all 5 HBV clones robustly produced viral particles following transfection into HepG2 cells, and these particles were infectious in HepG2-NTCP cells, primary human hepatocytes and human chimeric mice. Notably, GT D virus exhibited higher infectivity than GTs A, B, C and E in vitro, although it was comparable to GT A and B in the human liver chimeric mice in vivo. HBV capsid inhibitors were more readily capable of suppressing HBV GTs A, B, D and E than C. Conclusions The infectious clones described here have broad utility as genetic tools that can mechanistically dissect intergenotypic differences in antiviral immunity and pathogenesis and aid in HBV drug development and screening. Lay summary The hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major contributor to human morbidity and mortality. HBV can be categorized into a number of genotypes, based on their specific genetic make-up, of which 9 are well known. We isolated and cloned the genomes of 5 of these genotypes and used them to create valuable tools for future research on this clinically important virus.
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Key Words
- AAV, adeno-associated virus
- ALT, alanine aminotransferase
- BCP, basic core promoter
- CHB, chronic hepatitis B
- CpAM, core protein allosteric modulators
- DR, direct repeat
- ETV, entecavir
- En, enhancer
- GT(s), genotype(s)
- HBV, hepatitis B virus
- HBVcc, cell culture-derived HBV
- HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma
- HDI, hydrodynamic injection
- IFN, interferon
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- IL, interleukin
- MOI, multiplicity of infection
- NA, nucleos(t)ide analogue
- NRG, NODRag1−/−IL2RγNULL
- PHH, primiary human hepatocyte
- SVR, sustained virologic response
- cccDNA, covalently closed circular DNA
- dpi, days post infection
- drug development
- genotypes
- hepatitis B
- hepatitis B virus
- host responses
- pgRNA, pre-genomic RNA
- reverse genetics
- viral hepatitis
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhen Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Lewis Thomas Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Debby Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, Lewis Thomas Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Thomas R. Cafiero
- Department of Molecular Biology, Lewis Thomas Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Yaron Bram
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vasuretha Chandar
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anna Tseng
- National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hans P. Gertje
- National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicholas A. Crossland
- National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lishan Su
- Division of Virology, Pathogenesis and Cancer, Institute of Human Virology, Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robert E. Schwartz
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexander Ploss
- Department of Molecular Biology, Lewis Thomas Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
- Corresponding author. Address: Department of Molecular Biology, Lewis Thomas Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA; Tel.: +1 (609)-258-7128).
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Wu X, Meng X, Chang TS, Feng S, Lee M, Jaiswal S, Choi EYK, Tran L, Jiang H, Wang TD. Multi-modal imaging for uptake of peptide ligand specific for CD44 by hepatocellular carcinoma. Photoacoustics 2022; 26:100355. [PMID: 35479192 PMCID: PMC9035732 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2022.100355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is rising steadily in incidence, and more effective methods are needed for early cancer detection and image-guided surgery. METHODS We used a structural model to optimize the peptide sequence. Specific binding was validated in vitro with knockdown, competition, and co-localization assays. Multi-modal imaging was performed to validate specific binding in vivo in orthotopically-implanted human xenograft tumors. RESULTS Binding properties of WKGWSYLWTQQA were characterized by an apparent dissociation constant of kd = 43 nM, and an apparent association time constant of k = 0.26 min-1. The target-to-background ratio was significantly higher for the target versus control for both modalities. Ex-vivo evaluation using human HCC specimens supported the ability of the peptide to distinguish HCC from other liver pathologies. CONCLUSIONS We have identified a peptide specific for CD44 with properties that are promising for clinical translation to image HCC in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Xiaoqing Meng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Tse-Shao Chang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Shuo Feng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Miki Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sangeeta Jaiswal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Eun-Young K. Choi
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Lam Tran
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Thomas D. Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Gao X, You J, Gong Y, Yuan M, Zhu H, Fang L, Zhu H, Ying M, He Q, Yang B, Cao J. WSB1 regulates c-Myc expression through β-catenin signaling and forms a feedforward circuit. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:1225-39. [PMID: 35530152 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The dysregulation of transcription factors is widely associated with tumorigenesis. As the most well-defined transcription factor in multiple types of cancer, c-Myc can transform cells by transactivating various downstream genes. Given that there is no effective way to directly inhibit c-Myc, c-Myc targeting strategies hold great potential for cancer therapy. In this study, we found that WSB1, which has a highly positive correlation with c-Myc in 10 cancer cell lines and clinical samples, is a direct target gene of c-Myc, and can positively regulate c-Myc expression, which forms a feedforward circuit promoting cancer development. RNA sequencing results from Bel-7402 cells confirmed that WSB1 promoted c-Myc expression through the β-catenin pathway. Mechanistically, WSB1 affected β-catenin destruction complex-PPP2CA assembly and E3 ubiquitin ligase adaptor β-TRCP recruitment, which inhibited the ubiquitination of β-catenin and transactivated c-Myc. Of interest, the effect of WSB1 on c-Myc was independent of its E3 ligase activity. Moreover, overexpressing WSB1 in the Bel-7402 xenograft model could further strengthen the tumor-driven effect of c-Myc overexpression. Thus, our findings revealed a novel mechanism involved in tumorigenesis in which the WSB1/c-Myc feedforward circuit played an essential role, highlighting a potential c-Myc intervention strategy in cancer treatment.
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Key Words
- ATM, serine-protein kinase ATM
- CHIP, chromatin immunoprecipitation
- CK1, casein kinase 1
- Cancer treatment
- EBP2, probable rRNA-processing protein EBP2
- ESC complex, elongin B/C-cullin 2/5-SOCS box containing ubiquitin ligase protein complex
- Feedback loop
- GSK3β, glycogen synthase kinase 3β
- HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma
- HIF1-α, hypoxia induced factor 1-alpha
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- PLK1, serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK1
- PP2A, serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2A
- PROTAC, proteolysis targeting chimaera
- RhoGDI2, Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor 2
- TFs, transcription factors
- Transcription factors
- Tumorigenesis
- Ubiquitination-proteasome pathway
- WSB1
- WSB1, WD repeat and SOCS box containing 1
- c-Myc
- c-Myc, proto-oncogene c-Myc
- eIF4F, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4F
- β-Catenin destruction complex
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8
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Su T, Huang S, Zhang Y, Guo Y, Zhang S, Guan J, Meng M, Liu L, Wang C, Yu D, Kwan HY, Huang Z, Huang Q, Lai-Han Leung E, Hu M, Wang Y, Liu Z, Lu L. miR-7/TGF- β2 axis sustains acidic tumor microenvironment-induced lung cancer metastasis. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:821-837. [PMID: 35251919 PMCID: PMC8896986 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Acidosis, regardless of hypoxia involvement, is recognized as a chronic and harsh tumor microenvironment (TME) that educates malignant cells to thrive and metastasize. Although overwhelming evidence supports an acidic environment as a driver or ubiquitous hallmark of cancer progression, the unrevealed core mechanisms underlying the direct effect of acidification on tumorigenesis have hindered the discovery of novel therapeutic targets and clinical therapy. Here, chemical-induced and transgenic mouse models for colon, liver and lung cancer were established, respectively. miR-7 and TGF-β2 expressions were examined in clinical tissues (n = 184). RNA-seq, miRNA-seq, proteomics, biosynthesis analyses and functional studies were performed to validate the mechanisms involved in the acidic TME-induced lung cancer metastasis. Our data show that lung cancer is sensitive to the increased acidification of TME, and acidic TME-induced lung cancer metastasis via inhibition of miR-7-5p. TGF-β2 is a direct target of miR-7-5p. The reduced expression of miR-7-5p subsequently increases the expression of TGF-β2 which enhances the metastatic potential of the lung cancer. Indeed, overexpression of miR-7-5p reduces the acidic pH-enhanced lung cancer metastasis. Furthermore, the human lung tumor samples also show a reduced miR-7-5p expression but an elevated level of activated TGF-β2; the expressions of both miR-7-5p and TGF-β2 are correlated with patients' survival. We are the first to identify the role of the miR-7/TGF-β2 axis in acidic pH-enhanced lung cancer metastasis. Our study not only delineates how acidification directly affects tumorigenesis, but also suggests miR-7 is a novel reliable biomarker for acidic TME and a novel therapeutic target for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment. Our study opens an avenue to explore the pH-sensitive subcellular components as novel therapeutic targets for cancer treatment.
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Key Words
- AOM/DSS, azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate
- Acidic tumor microenvironment
- B[a]P, benzopyrene
- CA9, carbonic anhydrase IX
- DAB, diaminobenzidine
- DAVID, Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery
- DEGs, differentially expressed genes
- DEN, diethylnitrosamine
- DEPs, differentially expressed proteins
- DSS, dextran sodium sulfate
- GEMMs, genetically engineered tumor mouse models
- GSEA, gene set enrichment analysis
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- ISH, in situ hybridization
- Invasion
- KEGG, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
- LUAD, lung adenocarcinoma
- LUSC, lung squamous cell carcinoma
- Lung cancer
- MCT, monocarboxylate transporter
- Metastasis
- NHE, Na+/H+ exchanger
- NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer
- PCR, polymerase chain reaction
- TGF-β2
- TME, tumor microenvironment
- TMT, tandem mass tagging
- V-ATPase, vacuolar ATPase
- miR-7-5p
- pH
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9
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Houssaini ZI, Agouri HE, Amalik S, Khouchoua S, Jerguigue H, Latib R, Khannoussi BE, Omor Y. Diffuse malignant peritoneal mesothelioma mimicking ovarian cancer. Radiol Case Rep 2022; 17:779-783. [PMID: 35003480 PMCID: PMC8717227 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2021.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (DMPM) and peritoneal carcinomatosis have similar computed tomography imaging features. Peritoneal carcinomatosis is a known metastatic site for many malignancies and particularly gastrointestinal tract and ovarian cancers. Also, DMPM can masquerade as an ovarian epithelial neoplasm, with very similar clinical presentation and an overlap in imaging findings. When no evident primary tumor is detected other than the peritoneal disease, primary malignant mesothelioma should be considered. Since accurate diagnosis is essential for treatment management, the gold standard in differentiating between these two entities lies in histological analysis. We report a case of DMPM that was initially misdiagnosed as an ovarian cancer, where the biopsy of a peritoneal nodule was able to correct and confirm the diagnosis of DMPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaynab Iraqi Houssaini
- Radiology Department, National Institute of Oncology, Ibn Sina Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hajar El Agouri
- Radiology Department, National Institute of Oncology, Ibn Sina Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco.,Anatomo-Pathology Department, National Institute of Oncology, Ibn Sina Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Sanae Amalik
- Radiology Department, National Institute of Oncology, Ibn Sina Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco.,Anatomo-Pathology Department, National Institute of Oncology, Ibn Sina Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Selma Khouchoua
- Radiology Department, National Institute of Oncology, Ibn Sina Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco.,Anatomo-Pathology Department, National Institute of Oncology, Ibn Sina Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hounayda Jerguigue
- Radiology Department, National Institute of Oncology, Ibn Sina Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco.,Anatomo-Pathology Department, National Institute of Oncology, Ibn Sina Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Rachida Latib
- Radiology Department, National Institute of Oncology, Ibn Sina Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco.,Anatomo-Pathology Department, National Institute of Oncology, Ibn Sina Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Basma El Khannoussi
- Radiology Department, National Institute of Oncology, Ibn Sina Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco.,Anatomo-Pathology Department, National Institute of Oncology, Ibn Sina Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Youssef Omor
- Radiology Department, National Institute of Oncology, Ibn Sina Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco.,Anatomo-Pathology Department, National Institute of Oncology, Ibn Sina Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
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10
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Abdulla FR, Zhang W, Wu X, Honda K, Qin H, Cho H, Querfeld C, Zain J, Rosen ST, Chan WC, Parekh V, Song JY. Genomic Analysis of Cutaneous CD30-Positive Lymphoproliferative Disorders. JID Innov 2022; 2:100068. [PMID: 34977845 PMCID: PMC8688881 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjidi.2021.100068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary cutaneous CD30+ T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders are the second most common cutaneous lymphomas. According to the World Health Organization, CD30+ T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders include primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (C-ALCL) and lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP) as well as borderline lesions. C-ALCL and LyP are thought to represent two ends of a spectrum of diseases that have different clinical presentations, clinical courses, and prognoses in their classic forms but share the same histology of medium to large CD30+ atypical lymphoid cell infiltrates. Because the behavior of these entities is different clinically and prognostically, we aim to search for oncogenic genomic variants using whole-exome sequencing that drive the development of LyP and C-ALCL. Clinical information, pathology, immunohistochemistry, and T-cell rearrangements on six cases of LyP and five cases of C-ALCL were reviewed to confirm the rendered diagnosis before whole-exome sequencing of all specimens. Both LyP and C-ALCL had recurrent alterations in epigenetic modifying genes affecting histone methylation and acetylation (SETD2, KMT2A, KMT2D, and CREBBP). However, they also harbor unique differences with mutations in signal transducer and activator of transcription gene STAT3 of the Jak/signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway and EOMES, a transcription factor involved in lymphocyte development, only noted in C-ALCL specimens. Genomic characterization of LyP and C-ALCL in this series confirms the role of multiple pathways involved in the biology and development of these lymphomatous processes. The identification of similar aberrations within the epigenetic modifying genes emphasizes common potential development mechanisms of lymphomagenesis within lymphoproliferative disorders being shared between LyP and C-ALCL; however, the presence of differences may account for the differences in clinical course.
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Key Words
- BI-ALCL, breast implant‒associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma
- C-ALCL, cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma
- CD30+LPD, CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorder
- CN, copy number
- CTCL, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
- FFPE, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- LyP, lymphomatoid papulosis
- MF, mycosis fungoides
- STAT, signal transducer and activator of transcription
- sALCL, systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah R Abdulla
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Xiwei Wu
- Integrative Genomics Core, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Kord Honda
- Department of Pathology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Hanjun Qin
- Integrative Genomics Core, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Hyejin Cho
- Integrative Genomics Core, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Christiane Querfeld
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Jasmine Zain
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Steven Terry Rosen
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Wing C Chan
- Department of Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Vishwas Parekh
- Department of Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Joo Y Song
- Department of Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
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11
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Ma X, Yang S, Zhang T, Wang S, Yang Q, Xiao Y, Shi X, Xue P, Kang Y, Liu G, Sun ZJ, Xu Z. Bioresponsive immune-booster-based prodrug nanogel for cancer immunotherapy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:451-466. [PMID: 35127398 PMCID: PMC8800001 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy motivates a potent immune system by triggering immunogenic cell death (ICD), showing great potential in inhibiting tumor growth and improving the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (ITM). However, the therapeutic effectiveness has been restricted by inferior drug bioavailability. Herein, we reported a universal bioresponsive doxorubicin (DOX)-based nanogel to achieve tumor-specific co-delivery of drugs. DOX-based mannose nanogels (DM NGs) was designed and choosed as an example to elucidate the mechanism of combined chemo-immunotherapy. As expected, the DM NGs exhibited prominent micellar stability, selective drug release and prolonged survival time, benefited from the enhanced tumor permeability and prolonged blood circulation. We discovered that the DOX delivered by DM NGs could induce powerful anti-tumor immune response facilitated by promoting ICD. Meanwhile, the released mannose from DM NGs was proved as a powerful and synergetic treatment for breast cancer in vitro and in vivo, via damaging the glucose metabolism in glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Overall, the regulation of tumor microenvironment with DOX-based nanogel is expected to be an effectual candidate strategy to overcome the current limitations of ICD-based immunotherapy, offering a paradigm for the exploitation of immunomodulatory nanomedicines.
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Key Words
- 5-ALA, 5-aminolevulinic acid
- 5-FU, 5-fluorouracil
- ALKP, alkaline phosphatase
- ALT, alanine aminotransferase
- APCs, antigen-presenting cells
- AST, aminotransferase
- ATP, adenosine triphosphate
- AUC, area under curves
- Bioresponsive
- CLSM, confocal laser scanning microscope
- CPT-11, irinotecan
- CRE, creatinine
- CRT, calreticulin
- Ce6, chlorin e6
- Chemotherapy
- DAMPs, damage-associated molecular patterns
- DCs, dendritic cells
- DDSs, drug delivery systems
- DLN, draining lymph nodes
- DM NGs, doxorubicin-based mannose nanogel
- DOC, docetaxel
- DOX, doxorubicin
- DTT, d,l-dithiothreitol
- Doxorubicin
- FCM, flow cytometry
- FDA, Fluorescein diacetate
- GEM, gemcitabine
- GSH, glutathione
- H&E, hematoxylin-eosin
- HCPT, 10-hydroxy camptothecin
- HCT, hematocrit
- HGB, hemoglobin concentration
- HMGB1, high migrating group box 1
- ICB, immune checkpoint blockade
- ICD, immunogenic cell death
- ICG, indocyanine Green
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- ITM, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment
- Immunogenic cell death
- Immunotherapy
- LDH, lactate dehydrogenase
- LYM, lymphocyte ratio
- MAN, mannose
- MCHC, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration
- MCSs, multicellular spheroids
- MFI, mean fluorescence intensity
- MPV, mean platelet volume
- Mannose
- NGs, nanogels
- Nanogel
- OXA, oxaliplatin
- P18, purpurin 18
- PDI, polydispersity index
- PLT, platelets
- PTX, paclitaxel
- Prodrug
- RBC, red blood cell count
- RDW, variation coefficient of red blood cell distribution width
- TAAs, tumor-associated antigens
- TAM, tumor-associated macrophages
- TGF-β, transforming growth factor-β
- TMA, tissue microarrays
- TME, tumor microenvironment
- Urea, urea nitrogen
- WBC, white blood cell count
- irAEs, immune-related adverse events
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianbin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Energy & Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Micro-Nano Biomedical Materials and Devices, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Shaochen Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Tian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Energy & Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Micro-Nano Biomedical Materials and Devices, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Qichao Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Yao Xiao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Peng Xue
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Energy & Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Micro-Nano Biomedical Materials and Devices, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yuejun Kang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Energy & Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Micro-Nano Biomedical Materials and Devices, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 23 68253792 (Zhigang Xu); +86 27 87686108 (Zhijun Sun); +86 592 2880648 (Gang Liu).
| | - Zhi-Jun Sun
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 23 68253792 (Zhigang Xu); +86 27 87686108 (Zhijun Sun); +86 592 2880648 (Gang Liu).
| | - Zhigang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Energy & Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Micro-Nano Biomedical Materials and Devices, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 23 68253792 (Zhigang Xu); +86 27 87686108 (Zhijun Sun); +86 592 2880648 (Gang Liu).
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12
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van Buuren N, Ramirez R, Turner S, Chen D, Suri V, Aggarwal A, Moon C, Kim S, Kornyeyev D, Bui N, Bhardwaj N, Chan HL, Marcellin P, Buti M, Wallin J, Gaggar A, Fletcher SP, Diehl L, Li L, Mo H, Feierbach B. Characterization of the liver immune microenvironment in liver biopsies from patients with chronic HBV infection. JHEP Rep 2021; 4:100388. [PMID: 34950863 PMCID: PMC8671126 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2021.100388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background & Aims We aim to describe the liver immune microenvironment by analyzing liver biopsies from patients with chronic HBV infection (CHB). Host immune cell signatures and their corresponding localization were characterized by analyzing the intrahepatic transcriptome in combination with a custom multiplex immunofluorescence panel. Method Matching FFPE and fresh frozen liver biopsies were collected from immune active patients within the open-label phase IV study GS-US-174-0149. RNA-Seq was conducted on 53 CHB liver biopsies from 46 patients. Twenty-eight of the 53 samples had matched FFPE biopsies and were stained with a 12-plex panel including cell segmentation, immune and viral biomarkers. Corresponding serum samples were screened using the MSD Human V-plex Screen Service to identify peripheral correlates for the immune microenvironment. Results Using unsupervised clustering of the transcriptome, we reveal two unique liver immune signatures classified as immune high and immune low based on the quantification of the liver infiltrate gene signatures. Multiplex immunofluorescence analysis demonstrated large periportal lymphoid aggregates in immune high samples consisting of CD4 and CD8 T cells, B cells and macrophages. Differentiation of the high and low immune microenvironments was independent of HBeAg status and peripheral viral antigen levels. In addition, longitudinal analysis indicates that treatment and normalization of ALT correlates with a decrease in liver immune infiltrate and inflammation. Finally, we screened a panel of peripheral biomarkers and identified ICAM-1 and CXCL10 as biomarkers that strongly correlate with these unique immune microenvironments. Conclusion These data provide a description of immune phenotypes in patients with CHB and show that immune responses are downregulated in the liver following nucleotide analogue treatment. This may have important implications for both the safety and efficacy of immune modulator programs aimed at HBV cure. Lay summary Liver biopsies from patients with chronic hepatitis B were submitted to RNA-Seq and multiplex immunofluorescence and identified two different liver immune microenvironments: immune high and immune low. Immune high patients showed elevated immune pathways, including interferon signaling pathways, and increase presence of immune cells. Longitudinal analysis of biopsies from treatment experienced patients showed that treatment correlates with a marked decrease in inflammation and these findings may have important implications for both safety and efficacy of immune modulator programs for HBV cure.
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Key Words
- ALT, alanine aminotransferase
- BCR, B-cell receptor
- CHB, chronic HBV infection
- Chronic HBV
- DEG, differentially expressed gene
- FFPE, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded
- Hepatitis B
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- Immune Microenvironment
- Intrahepatic transcriptome
- PEG-IFNα, pegylated-interferon-α
- TCR, T-cell receptor
- TDF, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate
- TLS, tertiary lymphoid structures
- mIF, multiplex immunofluorescence
- multiplex immunofluorescence
- ssGSEA, single sample gene set enrichment analysis
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas van Buuren
- Gilead Sciences Inc. 324 Lakeside Dr., Foster City, CA, 94404, United States
| | - Ricardo Ramirez
- Gilead Sciences Inc. 324 Lakeside Dr., Foster City, CA, 94404, United States
| | - Scott Turner
- Gilead Sciences Inc. 324 Lakeside Dr., Foster City, CA, 94404, United States
| | - Diana Chen
- Gilead Sciences Inc. 324 Lakeside Dr., Foster City, CA, 94404, United States
| | - Vithika Suri
- Gilead Sciences Inc. 324 Lakeside Dr., Foster City, CA, 94404, United States
| | - Abhishek Aggarwal
- Gilead Sciences Inc. 324 Lakeside Dr., Foster City, CA, 94404, United States
| | - Christina Moon
- Gilead Sciences Inc. 324 Lakeside Dr., Foster City, CA, 94404, United States
| | - Sam Kim
- Gilead Sciences Inc. 324 Lakeside Dr., Foster City, CA, 94404, United States
| | - Dmytro Kornyeyev
- Gilead Sciences Inc. 324 Lakeside Dr., Foster City, CA, 94404, United States
| | - Nam Bui
- Gilead Sciences Inc. 324 Lakeside Dr., Foster City, CA, 94404, United States
| | - Neeru Bhardwaj
- Gilead Sciences Inc. 324 Lakeside Dr., Foster City, CA, 94404, United States.,Current address: Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA, 02141, United States
| | | | | | - Maria Buti
- Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jeffrey Wallin
- Gilead Sciences Inc. 324 Lakeside Dr., Foster City, CA, 94404, United States
| | - Anuj Gaggar
- Gilead Sciences Inc. 324 Lakeside Dr., Foster City, CA, 94404, United States
| | - Simon P Fletcher
- Gilead Sciences Inc. 324 Lakeside Dr., Foster City, CA, 94404, United States
| | - Lauri Diehl
- Gilead Sciences Inc. 324 Lakeside Dr., Foster City, CA, 94404, United States
| | - Li Li
- Gilead Sciences Inc. 324 Lakeside Dr., Foster City, CA, 94404, United States
| | - Hongmei Mo
- Gilead Sciences Inc. 324 Lakeside Dr., Foster City, CA, 94404, United States
| | - Becket Feierbach
- Gilead Sciences Inc. 324 Lakeside Dr., Foster City, CA, 94404, United States
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13
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Wang M, Chen S, Wei Y, Wei X. DNA-PK inhibition by M3814 enhances chemosensitivity in non-small cell lung cancer. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:3935-3949. [PMID: 35024317 PMCID: PMC8727896 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A significant proportion of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients experience accumulating chemotherapy-related adverse events, motivating the design of chemosensitizating strategies. The main cytotoxic damage induced by chemotherapeutic agents is DNA double-strand breaks (DSB). It is thus conceivable that DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) inhibitors which attenuate DNA repair would enhance the anti-tumor effect of chemotherapy. The present study aims to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of a novel DNA-PK inhibitor M3814 in synergy with chemotherapies on NSCLC. We identified increased expression of DNA-PK in human NSCLC tissues which was associated with poor prognosis. M3814 potentiated the anti-tumor effect of paclitaxel and etoposide in A549, H460 and H1703 NSCLC cell lines. In the four combinations based on two NSCLC xenograft models and two chemotherapy, we also observed tumor regression at tolerated doses in vivo. Moreover, we identified a P53-dependent accelerated senescence response by M3814 following treatment with paclitaxel/etoposide. The present study provides a theoretical basis for the use of M3814 in combination with paclitaxel and etoposide in clinical practice, with hope to aid the optimization of NSCLC treatment.
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Key Words
- Cell senescence
- Chemosensitization
- DDR, DNA damage response
- DNA repair
- DNA-PK, DNA-dependent protein kinase
- DNA-PKcs, DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit
- DNA-dependent protein kinase
- DSB, DNA double-strand breaks
- Etoposide
- HR, homologous recombination
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- LADC, lung adenocarcinoma
- LCLC, large-cell carcinoma
- LSCC, lung squamous cell carcinoma
- M3814
- NHEJ, non homologous end joining
- NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer
- Non-small cell lung cancer
- Paclitaxel
- dsDNA, double strand DNA
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14
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Qian M, Yan F, Wang W, Du J, Yuan T, Wu R, Zhao C, Wang J, Lu J, Zhang B, Lin N, Dong X, Dai X, Dong X, Yang B, Zhu H, He Q. Deubiquitinase JOSD2 stabilizes YAP/TAZ to promote cholangiocarcinoma progression. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:4008-19. [PMID: 35024322 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) has emerged as an intractable cancer with scanty therapeutic regimens. The aberrant activation of Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) are reported to be common in CCA patients. However, the underpinning mechanism remains poorly understood. Deubiquitinase (DUB) is regarded as a main orchestrator in maintaining protein homeostasis. Here, we identified Josephin domain-containing protein 2 (JOSD2) as an essential DUB of YAP/TAZ that sustained the protein level through cleavage of polyubiquitin chains in a deubiquitinase activity-dependent manner. The depletion of JOSD2 promoted YAP/TAZ proteasomal degradation and significantly impeded CCA proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Further analysis has highlighted the positive correlation between JOSD2 and YAP abundance in CCA patient samples. Collectively, this study uncovers the regulatory effects of JOSD2 on YAP/TAZ protein stabilities and profiles its contribution in CCA malignant progression, which may provide a potential intervention target for YAP/TAZ-related CCA patients.
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Key Words
- CCA, cholangiocarcinoma
- Cholangiocarcinoma
- DAB, 3,3-diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride chromogen
- DUB, deubiquitinase
- Deubiquitinase
- FGFR, fibroblast growth factor receptor
- FOLFOX, folinic acid, 5-FU and oxaliplatin
- IDH1/2, isocitrate dehydrogenase 1/2
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- IP, immunoprecipitation
- JOSD2
- KRAS, kirsten rat sarcoma 2 viral oncogene homolog
- LATS1/2, large tumor suppressor kinase 1/2
- MST1/2, mammalian Ste20-like kinases 1/2
- OTUB2, otubain-2
- PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
- PDC, patient derived cell
- PDX, patient-derived xenograft
- RTV, relative tumor volume
- SRB, sulforhodamine B
- TAZ, transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif
- TCGA, The Cancer Genome Atlas
- USP9X/10/47, ubiquitin-specific peptidase 9X/10/47
- YAP, Yes-associated protein
- YAP/TAZ
- YOD1, ubiquitin thioesterase OTU1
- rhJOSD2, recombinant human JOSD2
- shRNA, specific hairpin RNA
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Gao L, Li GS, Li JD, He J, Zhang Y, Zhou HF, Kong JL, Chen G. Identification of the susceptibility genes for COVID-19 in lung adenocarcinoma with global data and biological computation methods. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2021; 19:6229-6239. [PMID: 34840672 PMCID: PMC8605816 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The risk of infection with COVID-19 is high in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients, and there is a dearth of studies on the molecular mechanism underlying the high susceptibility of LUAD patients to COVID-19 from the perspective of the global differential expression landscape. Objectives To fill the research void on the molecular mechanism underlying the high susceptibility of LUAD patients to COVID-19 from the perspective of the global differential expression landscape. Methods Herein, we identified genes, specifically the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), correlated with the susceptibility of LUAD patients to COVID-19. These were obtained by calculating standard mean deviation (SMD) values for 49 SARS-CoV-2-infected LUAD samples and 24 non-affected LUAD samples, as well as 3931 LUAD samples and 3027 non-cancer lung samples from 40 pooled RNA-seq and microarray datasets. Hub susceptibility genes significantly related to COVID-19 were further selected by weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Then, the hub genes were further analyzed via an examination of their clinical significance in multiple datasets, a correlation analysis of the immune cell infiltration level, and their interactions with the interactome sets of the A549 cell line. Results A total of 257 susceptibility genes were identified, and these genes were associated with RNA splicing, mitochondrial functions, and proteasomes. Ten genes, MEA1, MRPL24, PPIH, EBNA1BP2, MRTO4, RABEPK, TRMT112, PFDN2, PFDN6, and NDUFS3, were confirmed to be the hub susceptibility genes for COVID-19 in LUAD patients, and the hub susceptibility genes were significantly correlated with the infiltration of multiple immune cells. Conclusion In conclusion, the susceptibility genes for COVID-19 in LUAD patients discovered in this study may increase our understanding of the high risk of COVID-19 in LUAD patients.
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Key Words
- CI, confidence interval
- COVID-19
- COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019
- DEG
- DEG, differentially expressed genes
- FC, fold change
- FPKM, fragments per kilobase per million
- GTEx, Genotype-tissue Expression
- HPA, human protein atlas
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- Immune infiltration
- LUAD
- LUAD, lung adenocarcinoma
- PPI, protein-to-protein interaction
- SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
- SMD, standard mean difference
- SROC, summarized receiver’s operating characteristics
- Susceptibility
- TF, transcription factor
- TPM, transcripts per million reads
- WGCNA
- WGCNA, weighted gene co-expression network analysis
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Gao
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Rd, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China
| | - Guo-Sheng Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Rd, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China
| | - Jian-Di Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Rd, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China
| | - Juan He
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Rd, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324. Jingwu Rd, Jinan, Shandong 250021, PR China
| | - Hua-Fu Zhou
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Rd, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China
| | - Jin-Liang Kong
- Ward of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Rd, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Rd, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China
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Kerbert AJC, Gupta S, Alabsawy E, Dobler I, Lønsmann I, Hall A, Nielsen SH, Nielsen MJ, Gronbaek H, Amoros À, Yeung D, Macnaughtan J, Mookerjee RP, Macdonald S, Andreola F, Moreau R, Arroyo V, Angeli P, Leeming DJ, Treem W, Karsdal MA, Jalan R. Biomarkers of extracellular matrix formation are associated with acute-on-chronic liver failure. JHEP Rep 2021; 3:100355. [PMID: 34805815 PMCID: PMC8581571 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2021.100355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background & Aims Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is characterised by organ failure(s), high short-term mortality, and, pathophysiologically, deranged inflammatory responses. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is critically involved in regulating the inflammatory response. This study aimed to determine alterations in biomarkers of ECM turnover in ACLF and their association with inflammation, organ failures, and mortality. Methods We studied 283 patients with cirrhosis admitted for acute decompensation (AD) with or without ACLF, 64 patients with stable cirrhosis, and 30 healthy controls. A validation cohort (25 ACLF, 9 healthy controls) was included. Plasma PRO-C3, PRO-C4, PRO-C5, PRO-C6, and PRO-C8 (i.e. collagen type III–VI and VIII formation) and C4M and C6M (i.e. collagen type IV and VI degradation) were measured. Immunohistochemistry of PRO-C6 was performed on liver biopsies (AD [n = 7], ACLF [n = 5]). A competing-risk regression analysis was performed to explore the prognostic value of biomarkers of ECM turnover with 28- and 90-day mortality. Results PRO-C3 and PRO-C6 were increased in ACLF compared to AD (p = 0.089 and p <0.001, respectively), whereas collagen degradation markers C4M and C6M were similar. Both PRO-C3 and PRO-C6 were strongly associated with liver function and inflammatory markers. Only PRO-C6 was associated with extrahepatic organ failures and 28- and 90-day mortality (hazard ratio [HR; on log-scale] 6.168, 95% CI 2.366–16.080, p <0.001, and 3.495, 95% CI 1.509–8.093, p = 0.003, respectively). These findings were consistent in the validation cohort. High PRO-C6 expression was observed in liver biopsies of patients with ACLF. Conclusions This study shows, for the first time, evidence of severe net interstitial collagen deposition in ACLF and makes the novel observation of the association between PRO-C6 and (extrahepatic) organ failures and mortality. Further studies are needed to define the pathogenic significance of these observations. Lay summary This study describes a disrupted turnover of collagen type III and VI in Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). Plasma biomarkers of these collagens (PRO-C3 and PRO-C6) are associated with the severity of liver dysfunction and inflammation. PRO-C6, also known as the hormone endotrophin, has also been found to be associated with multi-organ failure and prognosis in acute decompensation and ACLF. Collagen type III and VI formation is increased in ACLF compared to AD. PRO-C3 and PRO-C6 correlate with the severity of liver dysfunction and inflammation in AD and ACLF. High PRO-C6 levels were found to be indicative for the presence of multi-organ failure and worse survival.
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Key Words
- ACLF, acute-on-chronic liver failure
- AD, acute decompensation
- CLIF-C ACLF, CLIF Consortium Acute-on-Chronic Liver
- CLIF-C AD, CLIF Consortium Acute Decompensation
- CLIF-C OF, CLIF Consortium Organ Failure
- CPE, concordance probability estimate
- Collagen
- DAMP, danger-associated molecular pattern
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- HC, healthy control
- HR, hazard ratio
- HSC, hepatic stellate cell
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- INR, international normalised ratio
- K18, keratin 18
- Liver cirrhosis
- MELD, model for end-stage liver disease
- MMP, matrix metalloproteinase
- Multi-organ failure
- NGAL, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin
- NIS, noninterventional Study
- PAMP, pathogen-associated molecular pattern
- Prognosis
- ROC, receiver operating characteristic
- SC, stable cirrhosis
- TLR, toll-like receptor
- UCL, University College London
- UCLH, University College London Hospitals
- WCC, white cell count
- cK18, caspase-cleaved keratin 18
- α-SMA, alpha-smooth muscle actin
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Affiliation(s)
- Annarein J C Kerbert
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, Royal Free Campus, London, UK
| | - Saurabh Gupta
- Translational and Biomarker Research, GI-DDU, Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Eman Alabsawy
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, Royal Free Campus, London, UK.,Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Iwona Dobler
- Statistical and Quantitative Sciences, Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ida Lønsmann
- Biomarkers and Research, Nordic Bioscience, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Andrew Hall
- Sheila Sherlock Liver Centre, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Signe Holm Nielsen
- Biomarkers and Research, Nordic Bioscience, Herlev, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Henning Gronbaek
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Àlex Amoros
- European Foundation for the Study of Chronic Liver Failure, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dave Yeung
- Translational and Biomarker Research, GI-DDU, Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jane Macnaughtan
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, Royal Free Campus, London, UK
| | - Rajeshwar P Mookerjee
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, Royal Free Campus, London, UK.,Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Stewart Macdonald
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, Royal Free Campus, London, UK
| | - Fausto Andreola
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, Royal Free Campus, London, UK
| | - Richard Moreau
- European Foundation for the Study of Chronic Liver Failure, Barcelona, Spain.,Inserm and Université de Paris, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI), Paris, France.,Service d'Hépatologie, Hôpital Beaujon, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Clichy, France
| | - Vicente Arroyo
- European Foundation for the Study of Chronic Liver Failure, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paolo Angeli
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, DIMED, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | | | - William Treem
- Clinical Science, GI-TAU, Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Rajiv Jalan
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, Royal Free Campus, London, UK
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Nie JH, Yang T, Li H, Ye HS, Zhong GQ, Li TT, Zhang C, Huang WH, Xiao J, Li Z, He JL, Du BL, Zhang Y, Liu J. Identification of GPC3 mutation and upregulation in a multidrug resistant osteosarcoma and its spheroids as therapeutic target. J Bone Oncol 2021; 30:100391. [PMID: 34611509 PMCID: PMC8476350 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2021.100391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
GPC3 mutation in primary osteosarcoma becomes abundant in its metastasis. Mutant GPC3 is over-produced in metastatic spheroids with multidrug resistance. Anti-GPC3 antibody effectively commits metastatic spheroids to apoptosis. GPC3 would be a promising therapeutic target of osteosarcomas.
Background Drug resistance and the lack of molecular therapeutic target are the main challenges in the management of osteosarcomas (OSs). Identification of novel genetic alteration(s) related with OS recurrence and chemotherapeutic resistance would be of scientific and clinical significance. Methods To identify potential genetic alterations related with OS recurrence and chemotherapeutic resistance, the biopsies of a 20-year-old male osteosarcoma patient were collected at primary site (p-OS) and from its metastatic tumor (m-OS) formed after 5 months of adjuvant chemotherapy. Both OS specimens were subjected to cancer-targeted next generation sequencing (NGS) and their cell suspensions were cultured under three-dimensional condition to establish spheroid therapeutic model. Transcript-oriented Sanger sequencing for GPC3, the detected mutated gene, was performed on RNA samples of p-OS and m-OS tissues and spheroids. The effects of anti-GPC3 antibody and its combination with cisplatin on m-OS spheroids were elucidated. Results NGS revealed 4 mutations (GPC3, SOX10, MDM4 and MAPK8) and 6 amplifications (MDM2, CDK4, CCND3, RUNX2, GLI1 and FRS2) in p-OS, and 3 mutations (GPC3, SOX10 and EGF) and 10 amplifications (CDK4, CCND3, MDM2, RUNX2, GLI1, FRS2, CARD11, RAC1, SLC16A7 and PMS2) in m-OS. Among those alterations, the mutation abundance of GPC3 was the highest (56.49%) in p-OS and showed 1.54 times increase in m-OS. GPC3 transcript-oriented Sanger sequencing confirmed the mutation at 1046 in Exon 4, and immunohistochemical staining showed increased GPC3 production in m-OS tissues and its spheroids. EdU cell proliferation and Calcein/PI cell viability assays revealed that of the anti-OS first line drugs (doxorubicin, cisplatin, methotrexate, ifosfamide and carboplatin), 10 μM carboplatin exerted the best inhibitory effects on the p-OS but not the m-OS spheroids. 2 μg/mL anti-GPC3 antibody effectively committed m-OS spheroids to death by itself (76.43%) or in combination with cisplatin (92.93%). Conclusion This study demonstrates increased abundance and up-regulated expression of mutant GPC3 in metastatic osteosarcoma and its spheroids with multidrug resistance. As GPC3-targeting therapy has been used to treat hepatocellular carcinomas and it is also effective to OS PDSs, GPC3 would be a novel prognostic parameter and therapeutic target of osteosarcomas.
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Key Words
- Anti-GPC3 targeted therapy
- CBP, carboplatin
- CDDP, cisplatin
- DOX, doxorubicin
- FFPE, formalin-fixed, paraffin- embedded
- GPC3 mutation
- GPC3-Ab, anti-GPC3 antibody
- Gene upregulation
- H/E, hematoxylin and eosin
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- MA, mutation abundance
- MSS, microsatellite stable
- MTX, methotrexate
- Multidrug resistance
- NAC, neoadjuvant chemotherapy
- NGS, next generation sequencing
- Next generation sequencing
- OS, osteosarcoma
- Osteosarcoma
- PDS, patient-derived spheroids
- Patient-derived spheroids
- SNV, single-nucleotide variant
- m-OS, metastatic osteosarcoma
- p-OS, primary osteosarcoma
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hua Nie
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - Hong Li
- Jingkeson BioMed Laboratory, Guangzhou Jingke Institute of Life Sciences, Guangzhou 510005, China
| | - Hai-Shan Ye
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guo-Qing Zhong
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - Ting-Ting Li
- Jingkeson BioMed Laboratory, Guangzhou Jingke Institute of Life Sciences, Guangzhou 510005, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - Wen-Han Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - Jin Xiao
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - Jian-Li He
- Jingkeson BioMed Laboratory, Guangzhou Jingke Institute of Life Sciences, Guangzhou 510005, China
| | - Bo-Le Du
- Jingkeson BioMed Laboratory, Guangzhou Jingke Institute of Life Sciences, Guangzhou 510005, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - Jia Liu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Liu X, Yin M, Dong J, Mao G, Min W, Kuang Z, Yang P, Liu L, Zhang N, Deng H. Tubeimoside-1 induces TFEB-dependent lysosomal degradation of PD-L1 and promotes antitumor immunity by targeting mTOR. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:3134-49. [PMID: 34745852 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1)/programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) cascade is an effective therapeutic target for immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. Targeting PD-L1/PD-1 axis by small-molecule drug is an attractive approach to enhance antitumor immunity. Using flow cytometry-based assay, we identify tubeimoside-1 (TBM-1) as a promising antitumor immune modulator that negatively regulates PD-L1 level. TBM-1 disrupts PD-1/PD-L1 interaction and enhances the cytotoxicity of T cells toward cancer cells through decreasing the abundance of PD-L1. Furthermore, TBM-1 exerts its antitumor effect in mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) and B16 melanoma tumor xenograft via activating tumor-infiltrating T-cell immunity. Mechanistically, TBM-1 triggers PD-L1 lysosomal degradation in a TFEB-dependent, autophagy-independent pathway. TBM-1 selectively binds to the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase and suppresses the activation of mTORC1, leading to the nuclear translocation of TFEB and lysosome biogenesis. Moreover, the combination of TBM-1 and anti-CTLA-4 effectively enhances antitumor T-cell immunity and reduces immunosuppressive infiltration of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and regulatory T (Treg) cells. Our findings reveal a previously unrecognized antitumor mechanism of TBM-1 and represent an alternative ICB therapeutic strategy to enhance the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy.
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Key Words
- 4EBP1, eIF4E-binding protein 1
- Baf, bafilomycin A1
- CETSA, cellular thermal shift assay
- CHX, cycloheximide
- CQ, chloroquine
- IB, immunoblotting
- ICB, immune checkpoint blockade
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- Immune checkpoint blockade
- LLC, Lewis lung carcinoma
- Lysosome
- MDSCs, myeloid-derived suppressor cells
- NAG, β-N-acetylglucosaminidase
- NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer
- PD-1, programmed cell death-1
- PD-L1
- PD-L1, programmed cell death ligand- 1
- SPR, surface plasmon resonance
- TBM-1, tubeimoside-1
- TFEB, nuclear transcriptional factor EB
- TILs, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes
- Transcription factor EB
- Tregs, regulatory T-lymphocytes
- mTOR
- mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin
- p70S6K, phosphorylation of p70 S6 kinase
- qRT-PCR, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction
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19
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Singal AK, Bansal R, Singh A, Dorbala S, Sharma G, Gupta K, Saxena A, Bhargava B, Karthikeyan G, Ramakrishnan S, Bisoi AK, Hote MP, Rajashekar P, Chowdhury UK, Devagourou V, Patel C, Ray R, Arawa SK, Mishra S. Concomitant Transthyretin Amyloidosis and Severe Aortic Stenosis in Elderly Indian Population: A Pilot Study. JACC CardioOncol 2021; 3:565-576. [PMID: 34746852 PMCID: PMC8551518 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaccao.2021.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prevalence of both degenerative severe aortic stenosis (AS) and transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis (ATTR-CA) increases with age. Dual disease (AS+myocardial ATTR-CA) occurs in significant proportion of patients undergoing surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine the prevalence of ATTR-CA in severe AS in the Indian population, identify noninvasive predictors of its diagnosis, and understand its impact on prognosis. METHODS Symptomatic severe AS patients aged ≥65 years undergoing SAVR were enrolled. ATTR-CA diagnosis was based on preoperative 99m-technetium pyrophosphate (PYP) scan and intraoperatively obtained basal interventricular septum biopsy for myocardial ATTR-CA, and excised native aortic valve for isolated valvular ATTR-CA. Primary amyloidosis was excluded by serum/urine protein electrophoresis with serum immunofixation. RESULTS SAVR was performed in 46 AS patients (age 70 ± 5 years, 70% men). PYP scan was performed for 32 patients, with significant PYP uptake in 3 (n = 3 of 32, 9.4%), suggestive of myocardial ATTR-CA. On histopathological examination, none of the interventricular septum biopsy specimens had amyloid deposits, whereas 33 (71.7%) native aortic valves showed amyloid deposits, of which 19 (57.6%) had transthyretin deposition suggestive of isolated valvular amyloidosis. Noninvasive markers of dual disease included low myocardial contraction fraction (median [interquartile range], 28.8% [23.8% to 39.1%] vs 15.3% [9.3% to 16.1%]; P = 0.006), deceleration time (215 [144 to 236] ms vs 88 [60 to 106] ms; P = 0.009) and global longitudinal strain (-18.7% [-21.1% to -16.9%] vs -14.2% [-17.0% to -9.7%]; P = 0.030). At 1-year follow-up, 2 patients died (4.3%); 1 each in myocardial ATTR-CA negative and positive groups (3.4% vs 33.3%; P = 0.477). CONCLUSIONS Dual disease is not uncommon in India. Isolated valvular amyloidosis in severe AS is much more common.
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Key Words
- 99m-technetium pyrophosphate scan
- 99mTc-PYP, 99m-technetium pyrophosphate
- AL-CA, light chain cardiac amyloidosis
- AS, aortic stenosis
- ATTR-CA, transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis
- EMB, endomyocardial biopsy
- GLS, global longitudinal strain
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- LfLg AS, low-flow, low-gradient aortic stenosis
- SAVR, surgical aortic valve replacement
- TAVR, transcatheter aortic valve replacement
- TTR, transthyretin
- dual aortic stenosis transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis
- severe aortic stenosis
- transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Avinainder Singh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Sharmila Dorbala
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Kartik Gupta
- Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Anita Saxena
- Department of Cardiology, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Balram Bhargava
- Department of Cardiology, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
- Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India, and Department of Health Research (Ministry of Health and Family Welfare), Government of India, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Chetan Patel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Ruma Ray
- Department of Pathology, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
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Jiang M, Jia K, Wang L, Li W, Chen B, Liu Y, Wang H, Zhao S, He Y, Zhou C. Alterations of DNA damage response pathway: Biomarker and therapeutic strategy for cancer immunotherapy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:2983-2994. [PMID: 34729299 PMCID: PMC8546664 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic instability remains an enabling feature of cancer and promotes malignant transformation. Alterations of DNA damage response (DDR) pathways allow genomic instability, generate neoantigens, upregulate the expression of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and interact with signaling such as cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) signaling. Here, we review the basic knowledge of DDR pathways, mechanisms of genomic instability induced by DDR alterations, impacts of DDR alterations on immune system, and the potential applications of DDR alterations as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer immunotherapy.
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Key Words
- ATM, ataxia-telangiectasia mutated
- ATR, ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related
- BAP1, BRCA1-associated protein 1
- BER, base excision repair
- BRAF, v-RAF murine sarcoma viral oncogene homologue B
- BRCA, breast cancer susceptibility gene
- CHEK, cell-cycle checkpoint kinase
- CHK1, checkpoint kinase 1
- DAMP, damage-associated molecular patterns
- DDR, DNA damage response
- DNA damage response
- DNA repair
- DR, direct repair
- DSBs, double-strand breaks
- FDA, United State Food and Drug Administration
- GSK3β, glycogen synthase kinase 3β
- Genomic instability
- HMGB1, high mobility group box-1
- HRR, homologous recombination repair
- ICI, immune checkpoint inhibitor
- IFNγ, interferon gamma
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- IRF1, interferon regulatory factor 1
- Immunotherapy
- JAK, Janus kinase
- MAD1, mitotic arrest deficient-like 1
- MGMT, O6-methylguanine methyltransferase
- MLH1, MutL homolog 1
- MMR, mismatch repair
- MNT, MAX network transcriptional repressor
- MSH2/6, MutS protein homologue-2/6
- MSI, microsatellite instability
- MUTYH, MutY homolog
- MyD88, myeloid differentiation factor 88
- NEK1, NIMA-related kinase 1
- NER, nucleotide excision repair
- NGS, next generation sequencing
- NHEJ, nonhomologous end-joining
- NIMA, never-in-mitosis A
- NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer
- ORR, objective response rate
- OS, overall survival
- PALB2, partner and localizer of BRCA2
- PARP, poly-ADP ribose polymerase
- PCR, polymerase chain reaction
- PD-1
- PD-1, programmed death 1
- PD-L1
- PD-L1, programmed death ligand 1
- PFS, progression-free survival
- RAD51C, RAD51 homolog C
- RB1, retinoblastoma 1
- RPA, replication protein A
- RSR, replication stress response
- SCNAs, somatic copy number alterations
- STAT, signal transducer and activator of transcription
- STING, stimulator of interferon genes
- TBK1, TANK-binding kinase 1
- TILs, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes
- TLR4, Toll-like receptor 4
- TMB, tumor mutational burden
- TME, tumor microenvironment
- TP53, tumor protein P53
- TRIF, Toll-interleukin 1 receptor domain-containing adaptor inducing INF-β
- Tumor microenvironment
- XRCC4, X-ray repair cross complementing protein 4
- cGAS, cyclic GMP–AMP synthase
- cGAS–STING
- ssDNA, single-stranded DNA
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Affiliation(s)
- Minlin Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
- Medical School, Tongji University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Keyi Jia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
- Medical School, Tongji University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
- Medical School, Tongji University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
- Medical School, Tongji University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Sha Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yayi He
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Caicun Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
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21
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Zhang H, Luo YB, Wu W, Zhang L, Wang Z, Dai Z, Feng S, Cao H, Cheng Q, Liu Z. The molecular feature of macrophages in tumor immune microenvironment of glioma patients. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2021; 19:4603-18. [PMID: 34471502 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gliomas are one of the most common types of primary tumors in central nervous system. Previous studies have found that macrophages actively participate in tumor growth. Methods Weighted gene co-expression network analysis was used to identify meaningful macrophage-related gene genes for clustering. Pamr, SVM, and neural network were applied for validating clustering results. Somatic mutation and methylation were used for defining the features of identified clusters. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the stratified groups after performing elastic regression and principal component analyses were used for the construction of MScores. The expression of macrophage-specific genes were evaluated in tumor microenvironment based on single cell sequencing analysis. A total of 2365 samples from 15 glioma datasets and 5842 pan-cancer samples were used for external validation of MScore. Results Macrophages were identified to be negatively associated with the survival of glioma patients. Twenty-six macrophage-specific DEGs obtained by elastic regression and PCA were highly expressed in macrophages at single-cell level. The prognostic value of MScores in glioma was validated by the active proinflammatory and metabolic profile of infiltrating microenvironment and response to immunotherapies of samples with this signature. MScores managed to stratify patient survival probabilities in 15 external glioma datasets and pan-cancer datasets, which predicted worse survival outcome. Sequencing data and immunohistochemistry of Xiangya glioma cohort confirmed the prognostic value of MScores. A prognostic model based on MScores demonstrated high accuracy rate. Conclusion Our findings strongly support a modulatory role of macrophages, especially M2 macrophages in glioma progression and warrants further experimental studies.
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Key Words
- ACC, Adrenocortical carcinoma
- BBB, brain blood barrier
- BLCA, Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma
- BRCA, Breast invasive carcinoma
- CDF, cumulative distribution function
- CESC, Cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma
- CGGA, Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas
- CHOL, Cholangiocarcinoma
- CNA, copy number alternations
- CNV, copy number variation
- COAD, Colon adenocarcinoma
- CSF-1, colony-stimulating factor-1
- DLBC, Lymphoid Neoplasm Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma
- DMP, differentially methylated position
- ESCA, Esophageal carcinoma
- GBM, glioblastoma
- GEO, Gene Expression Omnibus
- GO, gene ontology
- GSEA, gene set enrichment analysis
- GSVA, gene set variation analysis
- Glioma microenvironment
- HNSC, Head and Neck squamous cell carcinoma
- IGR, intergenic region
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- IL, interleukin
- Immunotherapy
- KEGG, Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes
- KICH, Kidney Chromophobe
- KIRC, Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma
- KIRP, Kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma
- LGG, low grade glioma
- LIHC, Liver hepatocellular carcinoma
- LUAD, Lung adenocarcinoma
- LUSC, Lung squamous cell carcinoma
- MMP-2, matrix metalloproteinase-2
- MT1, MMP membrane type 1 matrix metalloprotease
- Machine learning
- Macrophage
- OV, Ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma
- PAAD, Pancreatic adenocarcinoma
- PAM, partition around medoids
- PCA, principal component analysis
- PCPG, Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma
- PRAD, Prostate adenocarcinoma
- Prognostic model
- READ, Rectum adenocarcinoma
- SARC, Sarcoma
- SKCM, Skin Cutaneous Melanoma
- SNP, single-nucleotide polymorphism
- SNV, single-nucleotide variant
- STAD, Stomach adenocarcinoma
- SVM, Support Vector Machines
- TAM, tumor associated macrophage
- TCGA, The Cancer Genome Atlas
- TGF-β, tumor growth factor-β
- THCA, Thyroid carcinoma
- THYM, Thymoma
- TIMP-2, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2
- TLR2, toll-like receptor 2
- TME, tumor microenvironment
- TNFα, tumor necrosis factor α
- TSS, transcription start site
- UCEC, Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma
- UCS, Uterine Carcinosarcoma
- WGCNA, weighted gene co-expression network analysis
- pamr, prediction analysis for microarrays
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22
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Qian Y, Zhao M, Han Q, Wang J, Liao L, Yang H, Liu D, Tu P, Liang H, Zeng K. Pharmacologically targeting molecular motor promotes mitochondrial fission for anti-cancer. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:1853-1866. [PMID: 34386324 PMCID: PMC8343112 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial shape rapidly changes by dynamic balance of fusion and fission to adjust to constantly changing energy demands of cancer cells. Mitochondrial dynamics balance is exactly regulated by molecular motor consisted of myosin and actin cytoskeleton proteins. Thus, targeting myosin-actin molecular motor is considered as a promising strategy for anti-cancer. In this study, we performed a proof-of-concept study with a natural-derived small-molecule J13 to test the feasibility of anti-cancer therapeutics via pharmacologically targeting molecular motor. Here, we found J13 could directly target myosin-9 (MYH9)-actin molecular motor to promote mitochondrial fission progression, and markedly inhibited cancer cells survival, proliferation and migration. Mechanism study revealed that J13 impaired MYH9-actin interaction to inactivate molecular motor, and caused a cytoskeleton-dependent mitochondrial dynamics imbalance. Moreover, stable isotope labeling with amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) technology-coupled with pulldown analysis identified HSPA9 as a crucial adaptor protein connecting MYH9-actin molecular motor to mitochondrial fission. Taken together, we reported the first natural small-molecule directly targeting MYH9-actin molecular motor for anti-cancer translational research. Besides, our study also proved the conceptual practicability of pharmacologically disrupting mitochondrial fission/fusion dynamics in human cancer therapy.
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Key Words
- Anti-cancer
- CAM, chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane
- CETSA, cellular thermal shift assay
- Co-IP, co-immunoprecipitation
- DAPI, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole
- ER, endoplasmic reticulum
- HE, hematoxylin–eosin staining
- HSPA9
- HSPA9, heat-shock protein A9
- HUVEC, human umbilical vein endothelial cells
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- LIHC, liver hepatocellular carcinoma
- Liver hepatocellular carcinoma
- MMP, mitochondrial membrane potential
- MYH9
- MYH9, myosin-9
- Mitochondrial fission
- Molecular motor
- SILAC, stable isotope labeling with amino acids in cell culture
- SPR, surface plasmon resonance
- Small molecule
- TUNEL, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling
- Target identification
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Meimei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qinghua Han
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jingkang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lixi Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Heng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Proteomics Laboratory, Medical and Healthy Analytical Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Pengfei Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hong Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Kewu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Corresponding authors.
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23
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Fritz M, Dittmer M, Tinker D, Smith K, Robbins K, Goldenberg L, Fesler M, Hurley MY. Bilateral auricular nodules: A peculiar presentation of systemic mantle cell lymphoma. JAAD Case Rep 2021; 13:152-155. [PMID: 34195328 PMCID: PMC8234351 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2021.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mike Fritz
- University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Martin Dittmer
- Department of Dermatology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Daniel Tinker
- Department of Dermatology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Kristin Smith
- Department of Dermatology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Katherine Robbins
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Linda Goldenberg
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Cellular Therapy, Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Mark Fesler
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Cellular Therapy, Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - M Yadira Hurley
- Department of Dermatology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
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24
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Xu Z, Zhou Z, Zhang J, Xuan F, Fan M, Zhou D, Liuyang Z, Ma X, Hong Y, Wang Y, Sharma S, Dong Q, Wang G. Targeting BMI-1-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition to inhibit colorectal cancer liver metastasis. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:1274-1285. [PMID: 34094833 PMCID: PMC8148062 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver is the most common metastatic site for colorectal cancer (CRC), there is no satisfied approach to treat CRC liver metastasis (CRCLM). Here, we investigated the role of a polycomb protein BMI-1 in CRCLM. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that BMI-1 expression in liver metastases was upregulated and associated with T4 stage, invasion depth and right-sided primary tumor. Knockdown BMI-1 in high metastatic HCT116 and LOVO cells repressed the migratory/invasive phenotype and reversed epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), while BMI-1 overexpression in low metastatic Ls174T and DLD1 cells enhanced invasiveness and EMT. The effects of BMI-1 in CRC cells were related to upregulating snail via AKT/GSK-3β pathway. Furthermore, knockdown BMI-1 in HCT116 and LOVO cells reduced CRCLM using experimental liver metastasis mice model. Meanwhile, BMI-1 overexpression in Ls174T and DLD1 significantly increased CRCLM. Moreover, sodium butyrate, a histone deacetylase and BMI-1 inhibitor, reduced HCT116 and LOVO liver metastasis in immunodeficient mice. Our results suggest that BMI-1 is a major regulator of CRCLM and provide a potent molecular target for CRCLM treatment.
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Key Words
- AKT
- ANOVA, One-way analysis of variance
- BMI-1
- CRC, colorectal cancer
- CRCLM, colorectal cancer liver metastasis
- Colorectal cancer
- EMT, epithelial–mesenchymal transition
- Epithelial–mesenchymal transition
- GSK-3β
- HDACi, histone deacetylase inhibitor
- HE, hematoxylin and eosin
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- LNM, lymph node metastasis
- Liver metastasis
- NaB, sodium butyrate
- PBS, phosphate buffered solution
- PcG, polycomb-group
- Snail
- Sodium butyrate
- TCGA, Cancer Genome Atlas
- qPCR, real time polymerase chain reaction
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyao Xu
- Biomedical Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
- Department of Pathology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Zhuha Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Biomedical Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Feichao Xuan
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Mengjing Fan
- Biomedical Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
- Department of Pathology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Difan Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Zhenyu Liuyang
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Ximei Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Yiyang Hong
- Biomedical Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Yihong Wang
- Department of Pathology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Sherven Sharma
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, and the Veterans Affairs, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Qinghua Dong
- Biomedical Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Guanyu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
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25
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Karatas E, Raymond AA, Leon C, Dupuy JW, Di-Tommaso S, Senant N, Collardeau-Frachon S, Ruiz M, Lachaux A, Saltel F, Bouchecareilh M. Hepatocyte proteomes reveal the role of protein disulfide isomerase 4 in alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency. JHEP Rep 2021; 3:100297. [PMID: 34151245 PMCID: PMC8192868 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2021.100297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims A single point mutation in the Z-variant of alpha 1-antitrypsin (Z-AAT) alone can lead to both a protein folding and trafficking defect, preventing its exit from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and the formation of aggregates that are retained as inclusions within the ER of hepatocytes. These defects result in a systemic AAT deficiency (AATD) that causes lung disease, whereas the ER-retained aggregates can induce severe liver injury in patients with ZZ-AATD. Unfortunately, therapeutic approaches are still limited and liver transplantation represents the only curative treatment option. To overcome this limitation, a better understanding of the molecular basis of ER aggregate formation could provide new strategies for therapeutic intervention. Methods Our functional and omics approaches here based on human hepatocytes from patients with ZZ-AATD have enabled the identification and characterisation of the role of the protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) A4/ERP72 in features of AATD-mediated liver disease. Results We report that 4 members of the PDI family (PDIA4, PDIA3, P4HB, and TXNDC5) are specifically upregulated in ZZ-AATD liver samples from adult patients. Furthermore, we show that only PDIA4 knockdown or alteration of its activity by cysteamine treatment can promote Z-AAT secretion and lead to a marked decrease in Z aggregates. Finally, detailed analysis of the Z-AAT interactome shows that PDIA4 silencing provides a more conducive environment for folding of the Z mutant, accompanied by reduction of Z-AAT-mediated oxidative stress, a feature of AATD-mediated liver disease. Conclusions PDIA4 is involved in AATD-mediated liver disease and thus represents a therapeutic target for inhibition by drugs such as cysteamine. PDI inhibition therefore represents a potential therapeutic approach for treatment of AATD. Lay summary Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) family members, and particularly PDIA4, are upregulated and involved in alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD)-mediated liver disease in adults. PDI inhibition upon cysteamine treatment leads to improvements in features of AATD and hence represents a therapeutic approach for treatment of AATD-mediated liver disease. PDIA4 is upregulated and involved in alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD)-mediated liver disease in adults. Knockdown of PDIA4 by siRNA or inhibition upon cysteamine treatment leads to improvements in features of AATD. RNA interference against PDIA4 or cysteamine represent approaches for treatment of AATD-mediated liver disease.
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Key Words
- AAT, alpha 1-antitrypsin
- AATD, alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency
- Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency
- CF, cystic fibrosis
- CFTR, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator
- Cysteamine
- ER, endoplasmic reticulum
- FFPE, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded
- FKBP10, FK506-binding protein (FKBP) isoform 10
- HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- IP, immunoprecipitation
- Liver damage
- NHK, null Hong Kong variant of AAT
- P4HB, prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit beta/PDIA1
- PDI, protein disulfide isomerase
- PDIA3, protein disulfide isomerase family A member 3/ERP57
- PDIA4
- PDIA4, protein disulfide isomerase family A member 4/ERP70/ERP72
- PDIi, PDI inhibitors
- Protein disulfide isomerase
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SURF4, proteins Surfeit 4
- Scr, scramble
- TRX, thioredoxin
- TXNDC5, thioredoxin domain containing 5/PDIA15
- Treatment
- WT, wild-type
- Z-AAT, alpha 1-antitrypsin Z variant
- ZZ, homozygosis for the Z mutant allele
- siRNA, small RNA interference
- ΔF508-CFTR, most common mutation of CFTR, which deletes phenylalanine508
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Karatas
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, INSERM, BaRITOn, U1053, Bordeaux, France
| | - Anne-Aurélie Raymond
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, INSERM, BaRITOn, U1053, Bordeaux, France.,Oncoprot, University of Bordeaux, INSERM, TBM-Core, UMS 3427, US 5, Bordeaux, France
| | - Céline Leon
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, INSERM, BaRITOn, U1053, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Sylvaine Di-Tommaso
- Oncoprot, University of Bordeaux, INSERM, TBM-Core, UMS 3427, US 5, Bordeaux, France
| | - Nathalie Senant
- Plateforme d'histopathologie, TBM-Core US 005, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sophie Collardeau-Frachon
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Hépatologie, Gastroentérologie et Nutrition pédiatriques, Centre de référence de l'atrésie des voies biliaires et cholestases génétiques, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Est, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Mathias Ruiz
- Hépatologie, Gastroentérologie et Nutrition pédiatriques, Centre de référence de l'atrésie des voies biliaires et cholestases génétiques, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Hamburg, Germany.,Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Est, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Alain Lachaux
- Hépatologie, Gastroentérologie et Nutrition pédiatriques, Centre de référence de l'atrésie des voies biliaires et cholestases génétiques, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Hamburg, Germany.,Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Est, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Frédéric Saltel
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, INSERM, BaRITOn, U1053, Bordeaux, France.,Oncoprot, University of Bordeaux, INSERM, TBM-Core, UMS 3427, US 5, Bordeaux, France
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26
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Diaz MD, Tran E, Spang M, Wang R, Gaetani R, Luo CG, Braden R, Hill RC, Hansen KC, DeMaria AN, Christman KL. Injectable Myocardial Matrix Hydrogel Mitigates Negative Left Ventricular Remodeling in a Chronic Myocardial Infarction Model. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2021; 6:350-361. [PMID: 33997521 PMCID: PMC8093531 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial matrix hydrogel preserves LV volumes and apical wall thickening in a chronic MI model. Myocardial matrix hydrogel trends toward reduced fibrosis. In vivo differential gene expression analysis shows the matrix modulates cardiac muscle contraction, metabolism, fibrosis, and the inflammatory/immune response in a chronic MI model.
A first-in-man clinical study on a myocardial-derived decellularized extracellular matrix hydrogel suggested the potential for efficacy in chronic myocardial infarction (MI) patients. However, little is understood about the mechanism of action in chronic MI. In this study, the authors investigated the efficacy and mechanism by which the myocardial matrix hydrogel can mitigate negative left ventricular (LV) remodeling in a rat chronic MI model. Assessment of cardiac function via magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated preservation of LV volumes and apical wall thickening. Differential gene expression analyses showed the matrix is able to prevent further negative LV remodeling in the chronic MI model through modulation of the immune response, down-regulation of pathways involved in heart failure progression and fibrosis, and up-regulation of genes important for cardiac muscle contraction.
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Key Words
- CMR, cardiac magnetic resonance
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- EDV, end-diastolic volume
- EF, ejection fraction
- ESV, end-systolic volume
- HF, heart failure
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- KEGG, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
- LV, left ventricular
- MI, myocardial infarction
- MS, mass spectrometry
- QconCAT, quantitative concatamer
- biomaterials
- chronic inflammation
- chronic myocardial infarction
- gene expression
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda D Diaz
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.,Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Elaine Tran
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.,Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Martin Spang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.,Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Raymond Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.,Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Roberto Gaetani
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.,Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, California, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Colin G Luo
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.,Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Rebecca Braden
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.,Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Ryan C Hill
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kirk C Hansen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Anthony N DeMaria
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Karen L Christman
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.,Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, California, USA
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27
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Greish SM, Abdel Kader GS, Abdelaziz EZ, Eltamany DA, Sallam HS, Abogresha NM. Lycopene is superior to moringa in improving fertility markers in diet-induced obesity male rats. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:2956-2963. [PMID: 34025172 PMCID: PMC8117045 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity contributes to male infertility. Can lycopene or moringa improve male infertility? Tested in a rodent model of diet-induced obesity. Lycopene was superior to Moringa in improving male fertility parameters.
Obesity is a condition of chronic tissue inflammation and oxidative stress that poses as a risk factor for male infertility. Moringa oleifera oil extract is known to have cholesterol-lowering properties and a potential to treat obesity, while lycopene is a potent antioxidant. We hypothesize that Moringa or lycopene may improve male fertility markers in an animal model of diet-induced obesity. Male Albino rats (n = 60) were randomized to receive regular chow (RC) or high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks (n = 30 each). Animals in each arm were further randomized to receive gavage treatment with corn oil (vehicle), lycopene (10 mg/kg), or Moringa (400 mg/kg) for four weeks starting on week 9 (n = 10 each). Animals were sacrificed at 12 weeks, and blood was collected to assess lipid profile, serum testosterone, and gonadotropin levels. The testes and epididymides were removed for sperm analysis, oxidative stress and inflammatory markers, and histopathological assessment. In comparison to their RC littermates, animals on HFD showed an increase in body weights, serum lipids, testosterone and gonadotrophin levels, testicular oxidative stress and inflammatory markers, as well as sperm abnormalities and disrupted testicular histology. Moringa or lycopene reduced body weight, improved oxidative stress, and male fertility markers in HFD-fed animals with lycopene exhibiting better anti-antioxidant and anti-lipidemic effects. Lycopene is superior to Moringa in improving male fertility parameters, possibly by attenuating oxidative stress.
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Key Words
- FSH, follicle-stimulating hormone
- Fertility
- GSH, reduced glutathione
- H&E, hematoxylin and eosin
- HDL, high-density lipoprotein
- HFD, high-fat diet
- HMG-Co-A, β-Hydroxy β-methylglutaryl-CoA
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- LDL, low-density lipoprotein
- LH, Luteinizing hormone
- LY, lycopene
- Lycopene
- MDA, malondialdehyde
- MO, moringa
- Moringa
- NE, Eosin-Nigrosin
- Obesity
- Oxidative stress
- PBS, phosphate buffered saline
- RC, regular chow
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SOD, superoxide dismutase
- TC, total cholesterol
- VLDL, very low-density lipoprotein
- iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar M Greish
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.,Medical Science Department, School of Oral and Dental Medicine, Badr University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ghada S Abdel Kader
- Human Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Eman Z Abdelaziz
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Dalia A Eltamany
- Nutrition and Food Science, Home Economic Department, Faculty of Education, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Hanaa S Sallam
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.,Endocrinology Division, Internal Medicine Department, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Noha M Abogresha
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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Gigante E, Paradis V, Ronot M, Cauchy F, Soubrane O, Ganne-Carrié N, Nault JC. New insights into the pathophysiology and clinical care of rare primary liver cancers. JHEP Rep 2021; 3:100174. [PMID: 33205035 PMCID: PMC7653076 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2020.100174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocholangiocarcinoma, fibrolamellar carcinoma, hepatic haemangioendothelioma and hepatic angiosarcoma represent less than 5% of primary liver cancers. Fibrolamellar carcinoma and hepatic haemangioendothelioma are driven by unique somatic genetic alterations (DNAJB1-PRKCA and CAMTA1-WWTR1 fusions, respectively), while the pathogenesis of hepatocholangiocarcinoma remains more complex, as suggested by its histological diversity. Histology is the gold standard for diagnosis, which remains challenging even in an expert centre because of the low incidences of these liver cancers. Resection, when feasible, is the cornerstone of treatment, together with liver transplantation for hepatic haemangioendothelioma. The role of locoregional therapies and systemic treatments remains poorly studied. In this review, we aim to describe the recent advances in terms of diagnosis and clinical management of these rare primary liver cancers.
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Key Words
- 5-FU, 5-Fluorouracil
- AFP, alpha-fetoprotein
- APHE, arterial phase hyperenhancement
- CA19-9, carbohydrate antigen 19-9
- CCA, cholangiocarcinoma
- CEUS, contrast-enhanced ultrasound
- CK, cytokeratin
- CLC, cholangiolocellular carcinoma
- EpCAM, epithelial cell adhesion molecule
- FISH, fluorescence in situ hybridisation
- FLC, fibrolamellar carcinoma
- Fibrolamellar carcinoma
- HAS, hepatic angiosarcoma
- HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma
- HEH, hepatic epithelioid haemangioendothelioma
- HepPar1, hepatocyte specific antigen antibody
- Hepatic angiosarcoma
- Hepatic hemangioendothelioma
- Hepatocellular carcinoma
- Hepatocholangiocarcinoma
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- LI-RADS, liver imaging reporting and data system
- LT, liver transplantation
- Mixed tumor
- RT-PCR, reverse transcription PCR
- SIRT, selective internal radiation therapy
- TACE, transarterial chemoembolisation
- WHO, World Health Organization
- cHCC-CCA, combined hepatocholangiocarcinoma
- iCCA, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
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Affiliation(s)
- Elia Gigante
- Service d’hépatologie, Hôpital Avicenne, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Seine-Saint-Denis, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Bobigny, France
- Centre de recherche sur l’inflammation, Inserm, Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1149 « De l'inflammation au cancer », Paris, France
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche Santé Médecine et Biologie Humaine, Université Paris 13, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Paradis
- Centre de recherche sur l’inflammation, Inserm, Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1149 « De l'inflammation au cancer », Paris, France
- Service d'anatomie pathologique, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Nord-Val-de-Seine, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Clichy, France
- Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Maxime Ronot
- Centre de recherche sur l’inflammation, Inserm, Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1149 « De l'inflammation au cancer », Paris, France
- Service de radiologie, Hôpital Beaujon, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Nord-Val-de-Seine, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Clichy, France
- Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - François Cauchy
- Centre de recherche sur l’inflammation, Inserm, Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1149 « De l'inflammation au cancer », Paris, France
- Service de chirurgie hépato-bilio-pancréatique et transplantation hépatique, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Nord-Val-de-Seine, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Clichy, France
- Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Soubrane
- Centre de recherche sur l’inflammation, Inserm, Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1149 « De l'inflammation au cancer », Paris, France
- Service de chirurgie hépato-bilio-pancréatique et transplantation hépatique, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Nord-Val-de-Seine, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Clichy, France
- Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Ganne-Carrié
- Service d’hépatologie, Hôpital Avicenne, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Seine-Saint-Denis, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Bobigny, France
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche Santé Médecine et Biologie Humaine, Université Paris 13, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Inserm, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris, INSERM UMR 1138, Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors, F-75006, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Charles Nault
- Service d’hépatologie, Hôpital Avicenne, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Seine-Saint-Denis, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Bobigny, France
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche Santé Médecine et Biologie Humaine, Université Paris 13, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Inserm, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris, INSERM UMR 1138, Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors, F-75006, Paris, France
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Park SY, Church C, Alexander NA, Shinohara MM, Paulson KG, Lewis KD, Lee NS, Nghiem P. Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in HIV-associated Merkel cell carcinoma: A case series of 3 patients. JAAD Case Rep 2021; 8:28-33. [PMID: 33490342 PMCID: PMC7806538 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2020.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Key Words
- AIDS
- CR, complete response
- HIV
- ICI, immune checkpoint inhibitors
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- MCC
- MCC, Merkel cell carcinoma
- MCPyV, Merkel cell polyomavirus
- Merkel cell carcinoma
- PD-1, anti-programmed cell death-1
- PD-L1, anti-programmed death ligand-1
- PET, positron emission tomography
- RT, radiation treatment
- aMCC, advanced Merkel cell carcinoma
- anti-PD-(L)1 agent
- immunotherapy
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Y Park
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | | | | | | | | | - Karl D Lewis
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Nancy S Lee
- Kaiser Permanente, Hematology and Oncology, San Diego, California
| | - Paul Nghiem
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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Chang X, Sun D, Shi D, Wang G, Chen Y, Zhang K, Tan H, Liu J, Liu B, Ouyang L. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of quinazolin-4(3 H)-one derivatives co-targeting poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 and bromodomain containing protein 4 for breast cancer therapy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:156-180. [PMID: 33532187 PMCID: PMC7838034 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was aimed to design the first dual-target small-molecule inhibitor co-targeting poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP1) and bromodomain containing protein 4 (BRD4), which had important cross relation in the global network of breast cancer, reflecting the synthetic lethal effect. A series of new BRD4 and PARP1 dual-target inhibitors were discovered and synthesized by fragment-based combinatorial screening and activity assays that together led to the chemical optimization. Among these compounds, 19d was selected and exhibited micromole enzymatic potencies against BRD4 and PARP1, respectively. Compound 19d was further shown to efficiently modulate the expression of BRD4 and PARP1. Subsequently, compound 19d was found to induce breast cancer cell apoptosis and stimulate cell cycle arrest at G1 phase. Following pharmacokinetic studies, compound 19d showed its antitumor activity in breast cancer susceptibility gene 1/2 (BRCA1/2) wild-type MDA-MB-468 and MCF-7 xenograft models without apparent toxicity and loss of body weight. These results together demonstrated that a highly potent dual-targeted inhibitor was successfully synthesized and indicated that co-targeting of BRD4 and PARP1 based on the concept of synthetic lethality would be a promising therapeutic strategy for breast cancer.
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Key Words
- BC, breast cancer
- BET, bromodomain and extra-terminal domain
- BRCA1/2, breast cancer susceptibility gene 1/2
- BRD4
- BRD4, bromodomain 4
- CDK4/6, cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6
- DSB, DNA double-strand break
- Dual-target inhibitor
- EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor
- ELISA, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay
- ER, estrogen receptor
- ESI-HR-MS, high-resolution mass spectra
- FDA, U.S. Food and Drug Administration
- FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate isomer I
- HE, hematoxylin-eosin
- HPLC, high-performance liquid chromatography
- HR, homologous recombination
- HRD, homologous recombination deficiency
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- NHEJ, nonhomologous end-joining
- PARP1
- PARP1, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1
- PI, propidium iodide
- PK, pharmacokinetics
- PPI, protein−protein interaction
- Quinazolin-4(3H)-one derivatives
- SAR, structure–activity relationship
- SOP, standard operation process
- Synthetic lethality
- TCGA, the cancer genome atlas
- TGI, tumor growth inhibition
- TLC, thin-layer chromatography
- TNBC, triple-negative breast cancer
- TR-FRET, time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer.
- shRNA, short hairpin RNA
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jie Liu
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 28 85503817 (Jie Liu), +86 28 85164063 (Bo Liu), +86 28 85503817 (Liang Ouyang).
| | - Bo Liu
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 28 85503817 (Jie Liu), +86 28 85164063 (Bo Liu), +86 28 85503817 (Liang Ouyang).
| | - Liang Ouyang
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 28 85503817 (Jie Liu), +86 28 85164063 (Bo Liu), +86 28 85503817 (Liang Ouyang).
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Gupta A, Sharma S, Mittal A, Barwad A, Rastogi S. Recurrent infantile inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of mesentery--Case report and review of imaging findings. Radiol Case Rep 2020; 16:504-510. [PMID: 33363692 PMCID: PMC7753227 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2020.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMT) are rare soft tissue tumors of intermediate malignant potential with tendency for local recurrence. Although they can occur at all age groups, occurrence in infants is extremely unusual and their imaging characteristics are not well described. A 3-month-old female infant presented with gradually progressive abdominal distention without any fever or weight loss. She had a large ill-defined homogenous hypodense lesion of size 8.4 × 11.4 × 11.3 cm (APxTraxSag) in the abdomen showing mild delayed post contrast enhancement. She underwent exploratory laparotomy with gross total excision of mesenteric mass, histopathology of which was suggestive of IMT. She had recurrence within 6 months of complete resection with a well-defined heterogeneously enhancing lesion of size 1.8 × 1.8 × 2.3cm (APxTraxSag) in right paravesical region abutting the bladder without invasion with a similar lesion of size 4.4 × 2.1 × 3 cm (APxTraxSag) in left subdiaphragmatic region abutting superior surface of spleen (no invasion). Since, surgery in our patient would have entailed splenectomy and partial cystectomy, systemic therapy with ceritinib (anaplastic lymphoma kinase [ALK] inhibitor) was planned for her with which she had a near complete response after 2 months. A high index of suspicion is required to differentiate IMT from other common causes of mesenteric masses in children and role of radiologist is quintessential in this regard. Local recurrence with abutment but without invasion of surrounding structures points to the intermediate malignant pathology of IMT and may provide a clue to diagnosis. Systemic therapy is effective in patients who are ALK positive and destructive surgery should be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarushi Gupta
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, ABVIMS and Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Swati Sharma
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, ABVIMS and Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Abhenil Mittal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Adarsh Barwad
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sameer Rastogi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Liu Y, Liu X, Zhang N, Yin M, Dong J, Zeng Q, Mao G, Song D, Liu L, Deng H. Berberine diminishes cancer cell PD-L1 expression and facilitates antitumor immunity via inhibiting the deubiquitination activity of CSN5. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:2299-2312. [PMID: 33354502 PMCID: PMC7745128 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) blocking therapy has become a major pillar of cancer immunotherapy. Compared with antibodies targeting, small-molecule checkpoint inhibitors which have favorable pharmacokinetics are urgently needed. Here we identified berberine (BBR), a proven anti-inflammation drug, as a negative regulator of PD-L1 from a set of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) chemical monomers. BBR enhanced the sensitivity of tumour cells to co-cultured T-cells by decreasing the level of PD-L1 in cancer cells. In addition, BBR exerted its antitumor effect in Lewis tumor xenograft mice through enhancing tumor-infiltrating T-cell immunity and attenuating the activation of immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and regulatory T-cells (Tregs). BBR triggered PD-L1 degradation through ubiquitin (Ub)/proteasome-dependent pathway. Remarkably, BBR selectively bound to the glutamic acid 76 of constitutive photomorphogenic-9 signalosome 5 (CSN5) and inhibited PD-1/PD-L1 axis through its deubiquitination activity, resulting in ubiquitination and degradation of PD-L1. Our data reveals a previously unrecognized antitumor mechanism of BBR, suggesting BBR is small-molecule immune checkpoint inhibitor for cancer treatment.
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Key Words
- AMC, 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin
- BBR, berberine
- Baf, bafilomycin
- Berberine
- CHX, cycloheximide
- COP9 signalosome 5
- CQ, chloroquine
- CSN5, COP9 signalosome 5
- IB, immunoblotting
- ICB, immune checkpoint blockade
- IFN-γ, interferon-gamma
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- Immune checkpoint blockade
- MDSCs, myeloid-derived suppressor cells
- NFAT, nuclear factor of activated T-cells
- NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer
- PD-1, programmed cell death-1
- PD-1/PD-L1 axis
- PD-L1
- PD-L1, programmed cell death ligand-1
- SPR, surface plasmon resonance
- T-cell immunity
- TCM, traditional Chinese medicine
- TILs, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes
- TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α
- Tregs, regulatory T-lymphocytes
- Ub, ubiquitin
- qRT-PCR, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiaojia Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Mingxiao Yin
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jingwen Dong
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Qingxuan Zeng
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Genxiang Mao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Danqing Song
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266034, China
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +86 10 63169876, fax: +86 10 63017302 (Hongbin Deng); Tel.: +86 532 68661375, fax: +86 532 68661111 (Lu Liu).
| | - Hongbin Deng
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +86 10 63169876, fax: +86 10 63017302 (Hongbin Deng); Tel.: +86 532 68661375, fax: +86 532 68661111 (Lu Liu).
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Gentile M, Centonza A, Lovero D, Palmirotta R, Porta C, Silvestris F, D'Oronzo S. Application of "omics" sciences to the prediction of bone metastases from breast cancer: State of the art. J Bone Oncol 2020; 26:100337. [PMID: 33240786 PMCID: PMC7672315 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2020.100337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the first cause of cancer-related death in women. Most patients with advanced BC develop bone metastases (BM). Omics technologies have been applied to identify putative BM “predicting” biomarkers. Prospective studies are needed before any clinical application of such biomarkers.
Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequent malignancy and the first cause of cancer-related death in women. The majority of patients with advanced BC develop skeletal metastases which may ultimately lead to serious complications, termed skeletal-related events, that often dramatically impact on quality of life and survival. Therefore, the identification of biomarkers able to stratify BC patient risk to develop bone metastases (BM) is fundamental to define personalized diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, possibly at the earliest stages of the disease. In this regard, the advent of “omics” sciences boosted the investigation of several putative biomarkers of BC osteotropism, including deregulated genes, proteins and microRNAs. The present review revisits the current knowledge on BM development in BC and the most recent studies exploring potential BM-predicting biomarkers, based on the application of omics sciences to the study of primary breast malignancies.
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Key Words
- ADAMTS1, a disintegrin-like and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin type 1
- ALP, alkaline phosphatase
- BALP (BSAP), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase
- BC, breast cancer
- BM, bone metastases
- BOLCs, breast osteoblast-like cells
- BTM, bone turnover markers
- Biomarkers
- Bone metastases
- Breast cancer
- CAPG, capping-protein
- CCN3, cellular communication network factor 3
- CDH11, cadherin-11
- CNV, copy number variation
- CTGF, connective tissue-derived growth factor
- CTSK, cathepsin K
- CTX, C-telopeptide
- CXCL, C-X-C-ligand
- CXCR, C–X–C motif chemokine receptor
- DEGs, differentially expressed genes
- DOCK4, dedicator of cytokinesis protein 4
- DPD, deoxypyridoline
- DTC, disseminated tumour cells
- EMT, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition
- ER, estrogen receptor
- ERRα, estrogen-related receptor alpha
- FAK, focal adhesion kinase
- FGF, fibroblast growth factor
- FST, follistatin
- GIPC1, PDZ domain-containing protein member 1
- HR, hazard ratio
- Her, human epidermal growth factor
- ICAM-1, intercellular adhesion molecule 1
- IGF, insulin-like growth factor
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- IL, interleukin
- LC/MS/MS, liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry
- MAF, v-maf avian muscolo aponeurotic fibro-sarcoma oncogene homolog
- MDA-MB, MD Anderson metastatic BC
- MMP1, matrix metalloproteinase-1
- NTX, N-telopeptide
- OPG, osteoprotegerin
- Omics sciences
- Osteotropism
- P1CP, pro-collagen type I C-terminal
- P1NP, pro-collagen type I N-terminal
- PDGF, platelet-derived growth factor
- PRG1, proteoglycan-1
- PTH-rP, parathyroid hormone-related protein
- PYD, pyridoline
- PgR, progesterone receptor
- PlGF, placental growth factor
- RANK, receptor activator of nuclear factor к-B
- RT-PCR, real time-PCR
- SILAC-MS, stable isotope labelling by amino acids in cell culture-mass spectrometry
- SNPs, single nucleotide polymorphisms
- SPP1, osteopontin
- SREs, skeletal-related events
- TCGA, the cancer genome atlas
- TGF-β, transforming growth factor beta
- TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α
- TRACP-5b, tartrate resistant acid phosphatase-5b
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
- ZNF217, zinc-finger protein 217
- miRNAs, microRNAs
- ncRNAs, noncoding RNA
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Affiliation(s)
- Marica Gentile
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Centonza
- "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" Onco-hematologic Department, Medical Oncology Unit, Viale Cappuccini 1, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Domenica Lovero
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Raffaele Palmirotta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Camillo Porta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Franco Silvestris
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Stella D'Oronzo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
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Sidey K, Kobic A, Vidal NY. Identifying squamous cell carcinoma and cytokeratin-derived amyloid with pan-cytokeratin AE1/AE3 during Mohs micrographic surgery. JAAD Case Rep 2020; 6:776-779. [PMID: 32760776 PMCID: PMC7390831 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2020.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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35
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Frasca A, Xue Y, Kossar AP, Keeney S, Rock C, Zakharchenko A, Streeter M, Gorman RC, Grau JB, George I, Bavaria JE, Krieger A, Spiegel DA, Levy RJ, Ferrari G. Glycation and Serum Albumin Infiltration Contribute to the Structural Degeneration of Bioprosthetic Heart Valves. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2020; 5:755-766. [PMID: 32875167 PMCID: PMC7452200 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2020.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Two novel and interacting mechanisms contributing to BHV SVD are reported: glycation and serum albumin infiltration. Glycation product formation and serum albumin deposition were observed in 45 clinical BHV explanted due to SVD as well as BHV tissue subcutaneously implanted in rats. In vitro exposure to glycation and serum albumin elicited collagen network misalignment similar to that seen in clinical and rat explant BHV tissue. Glycation was sufficient to impair BHV hydrodynamic function in ISO-5840-compliant pulse duplication testing and concomitant serum albumin infiltration exacerbated these effects.
Valvular heart diseases are associated with significant cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and often require surgical and/or percutaneous repair or replacement. Valve replacement is limited to mechanical and biological prostheses, the latter of which circumvent the need for lifelong anticoagulation but are subject to structural valve degeneration (SVD) and failure. Although calcification is heavily studied, noncalcific SVD, which represent roughly 30% of BHV failures, is relatively underinvestigated. This original work establishes 2 novel and interacting mechanisms—glycation and serum albumin incorporation—that occur in clinical valves and are sufficient to induce hallmarks of structural degeneration as well as functional deterioration.
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Key Words
- AGE, advanced glycation end product
- BHV, bioprosthetic heart valve
- BP, bovine pericardium
- CML, N-carboxymethyl-lysine
- EOA, effective orifice area
- HSA, human serum albumin
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
- SAVR, surgical aortic valve replacement
- SHG, second harmonic generation
- SVD, structural valve degeneration
- TAVR, transcatheter aortic valve replacement
- advanced glycation end products
- aortic valve disease
- biomaterial
- bioprosthetic heart valve
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Frasca
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Yingfei Xue
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | | | - Samuel Keeney
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Christopher Rock
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrey Zakharchenko
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Matthew Streeter
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Robert C Gorman
- Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Juan B Grau
- Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Isaac George
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Joseph E Bavaria
- Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Abba Krieger
- Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - David A Spiegel
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Robert J Levy
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Yao Y, Liu Z, Zhao M, Chen Z, Li P, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Zhao C, Long C, Chen X, Yang J. Design, synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of 4-(3-chloro-4-(3-cyclopropylthioureido)-2-fluorophenoxy)-7-methoxyquinoline-6-carboxamide (WXFL-152): a novel triple angiokinase inhibitor for cancer therapy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:1453-1475. [PMID: 32963943 PMCID: PMC7488503 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiokinases, such as vascular endothelial-, fibroblast- and platelet-derived growth factor receptors (VEGFRs, FGFRs and PDGFRs) play crucial roles in tumor angiogenesis. Anti-angiogenesis therapy using multi-angiokinase inhibitor has achieved great success in recent years. In this study, we presented the design, synthesis, target identification, molecular mechanism, pharmacodynamics (PD) and pharmacokinetics (PK) research of a novel triple-angiokinase inhibitor WXFL-152. WXFL-152, identified from a series of 4-oxyquinoline derivatives based on a structure-activity relationship study, inhibited the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells (ECs) and pericytes by blocking the angiokinase signals VEGF/VEGFR2, FGF/FGFRs and PDGF/PDGFRβ simultaneously in vitro. Significant anticancer effects of WXFL-152 were confirmed in multiple preclinical tumor xenograft models, including a patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDX) model. Pharmacokinetic studies of WXFL-152 demonstrated high favourable bioavailability with single-dose and continuous multi-dose by oral administration in rats and beagles. In conclusion, WXFL-152, which is currently in phase Ib clinical trials, is a novel and effective triple-angiokinase inhibitor with clear PD and PK in tumor therapy.
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Key Words
- ATCC, American Type Culture Collection
- AUC, area under the plasma concentration–time curve
- Anti-angiogenesis therapy
- CE, collision energy
- CL, systemic clearance
- Cmax, maximum plasma concentration
- Drug synthesis
- EC, vascular endothelial cell
- ECM, endothelial cell medium
- ERKs, extracellular signal-regulated kinases
- FGF, fibroblast growth factor
- FGFRs, fibroblast growth factor receptors
- HBVPs, human brain vascular pericytes
- HUVECs, human umbilical vein endothelial cells
- IC50, half maximal inhibitory concentration
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- LC–MS, liquid chromatography mass spectrometry
- LLOQ, lower limit of quantification
- MRM, multiple reaction monitoring
- MsOH, methane sulfonic acid
- Multi-angiokinase inhibitor
- NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance
- PD, pharmacodynamics
- PDB, protein data bank
- PDGF, platelet-derived growth factor
- PDGFRs, platelet-derived growth factor receptors
- PDX, patient-derived tumor xenograft
- PK, pharmacokinetics
- PM, pericyte medium
- Pharmacokinetic
- QC, quality control
- RE, values and relative error
- RSD, relative standard deviation
- RTKs, receptor tyrosine kinases
- TGI, tumor growth inhibition rate
- TLC, thin-layer chromatography
- Tmax, time the maximum concentration occurred
- Tumor
- ULOQ, up limit of quantitation
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
- VEGFRs, vascular endothelial growth factor receptors
- Vdss, volume of distribution at steady state
- i.v., intravenous injection
- p.o., per os
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Guangdong Zhongsheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Dongguan 523325, China
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhuowei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Guangdong Zhongsheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Dongguan 523325, China
- Guangdong Raynovent Biotech Co., Ltd. Dongguan 523325, China
| | - Manyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | | | - Peng Li
- WuXi AppTec Ltd. Shanghai 200131, China
| | | | - Yuxi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chengjian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chaofeng Long
- Guangdong Zhongsheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Dongguan 523325, China
- Guangdong Raynovent Biotech Co., Ltd. Dongguan 523325, China
| | - Xiaoxin Chen
- Guangdong Zhongsheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Dongguan 523325, China
- Guangdong Raynovent Biotech Co., Ltd. Dongguan 523325, China
| | - Jinliang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Guangdong Zhongsheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Dongguan 523325, China
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Zhu Y, Yang L, Xu J, Yang X, Luan P, Cui Q, Zhang P, Wang F, Li R, Ding X, Jiang L, Lin G, Zhang J. Discovery of the anti-angiogenesis effect of eltrombopag in breast cancer through targeting of HuR protein. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:1414-25. [PMID: 32963940 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
HuR (human antigen R), an mRNA-binding protein responsible for poor prognosis in nearly all kinds of malignancies, is a potential anti-tumor target for drug development. While screening HuR inhibitors with a fluorescence polarization (FP) based high-throughput screening (HTS) system, the clinically used drug eltrombopag was identified. Activity of eltrombopag on molecular level was verified with FP, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), simulation docking and surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Further, we showed that eltrombopag inhibited in vitro cell proliferation of multiple cancer cell lines and macrophages, and the in vivo anti-tumor activity was also demonstrated in a 4T1 tumor-bearing mouse model. The in vivo data showed that eltrombopag was efficient in reducing microvessels in tumor tissues. We then confirmed the HuR-dependent anti-angiogenesis effect of eltrombopag in 4T1 cells and RAW264.7 macrophages with qRT-PCR, HuR-overexpression and HuR-silencing assays, RNA stability assays, RNA immunoprecipitation and luciferase assays. Finally, we analyzed the in vitro anti-angiogenesis effect of eltrombopag on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) mediated by macrophages with cell scratch assay and in vitro Matrigel angiogenesis assay. With these data, we revealed the HuR-dependent anti-angiogenesis effect of eltrombopag in breast tumor, suggesting that the existing drug eltrombopag may be used as an anti-cancer drug.
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Key Words
- ARE, AU-rich element
- Angiogenesis
- Anti-tumor
- ELB, eltrombopag
- ELISA, enzyme linked immune sorbent assay
- EMSA, electrophoretic mobility shift assay
- Eltrombopag
- FP, fluorescence polarization
- HTS, high-throughput screening
- HUVEC, human umbilical vein endothelial cell
- HuR
- HuR, human antigen R
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- RIP, RNA immunoprecipitation
- SPR, surface plasmon resonance
- mRNAs stability
- qRT-PCR, quantitative real-time PCR
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Fonta CM, Arnoldini S, Jaramillo D, Moscaroli A, Oxenius A, Behe M, Vogel V. Fibronectin fibers are highly tensed in healthy organs in contrast to tumors and virus-infected lymph nodes. Matrix Biol Plus 2020; 8:100046. [PMID: 33543039 PMCID: PMC7852196 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2020.100046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) acts as reservoir for a plethora of growth factors and cytokines some of which are hypothesized to be regulated by ECM fiber tension. Yet, ECM fiber tension has never been mapped in healthy versus diseased organs. Using our recently developed tension nanoprobe derived from the bacterial adhesin FnBPA5, which preferentially binds to structurally relaxed fibronectin fibers, we discovered here that fibronectin fibers are kept under high tension in selected healthy mouse organs. In contrast, tumor tissues and virus-infected lymph nodes exhibited a significantly higher content of relaxed or proteolytically cleaved fibronectin fibers. This demonstrates for the first time that the tension of ECM fibers is significantly reduced upon pathological tissue transformations. This has wide implications, as the active stretching of fibronectin fibers adjusts critical cellular niche parameters and thereby tunes the reciprocal cell-ECM crosstalk. Mapping the tensional state of fibronectin fibers opens novel and unexpected diagnostic opportunities. Mechanobiology of extracellular matrix changes upon pathological transformations. Fibronectin is significantly more relaxed in tumors than in healthy organs. Relaxed fibronectin is found close to myofibroblasts and dense collagen fibers. Viral infection reduces fibronectin fiber tension in lymph nodes. Use of a tension-sensitive adhesin to probe fibronectin fiber tension in tissues
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Key Words
- CAFs, cancer associated fibroblasts
- CLEC-2, C-type Lectin Receptor
- Cancer
- DCs, dendritic cells
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- Extracellular matrix
- FRCs, fibroblastic reticular cells
- Fibronectin
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- IL-7, Interleukin 7
- LCMV, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus
- Lymph node
- MMPs, matrix metalloproteinases
- Mechanobiology
- PDPN, podoplanin
- SHG, second harmonic generation
- TGF-β, Transforming Growth Factor-beta
- Virus infection
- α-SMA, alpha smooth muscle actin
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte M Fonta
- Laboratory of Applied Mechanobiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simon Arnoldini
- Laboratory of Applied Mechanobiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Alessandra Moscaroli
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Annette Oxenius
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Behe
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Viola Vogel
- Laboratory of Applied Mechanobiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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Huang H, Zhu H, Xie Q, Tian X, Yang X, Feng F, Jiang Q, Sheng X, Yang Z. Evaluation of 124I-JS001 for hPD1 immuno-PET imaging using sarcoma cell homografts in humanized mice. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:1321-1330. [PMID: 32874831 PMCID: PMC7452040 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
JS001 (toripalimab) is a humanized IgG monoclonal antibody which strongly inhibits programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1). In this study, we used a different iodine isotype (nat/124/125I) to label JS001 probes to target the human PD1 (hPD1) antigen. In vitro, the half maximal effective concentration (EC50) value of natI-JS001 did not significantly differ from that of JS001. The uptake of 125I-JS001 by activated T cells was 5.63 times higher than that by nonactivated T cells after 2 h of incubation. The binding affinity of 125I-JS001 to T cells of different lineages after phytohemagglutinin (PHA) stimulation reached 4.26 nmol/L. Humanized PD1 C57BL/6 mice bearing mouse sarcoma S180 cell tumors were validated for immuno-positron emission tomography (immuno-PET) imaging. Pathological staining was used to assess the expression of PD1 in tumor tissues. The homologous 124I-human IgG (124I-hIgG) group or blocking group was used as a control group. Immuno-PET imaging showed that the uptake in the tumor area of the 124I-JS001 group at different time points was significantly higher than that of the blocking group or the 124I-hIgG group in the humanized PD1 mouse model. Taken together, these results suggest that this radiotracer has potential for noninvasive monitoring and directing tumor-specific personalized immunotherapy in PD1-positive tumors.
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Key Words
- CTLA4, cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4
- HAS, human serum albumin
- ICI, immune checkpoint inhibitor
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- Immuno-PET imaging
- Immunotherapy
- Iodine isotopes
- JS001
- NMPA, National Medical Products Administration
- OSEM, ordered subsets expectation maximum
- PB, phosphate buffer
- PBMCs, peripheral blood mononuclear cells
- PBS, phosphate buffered saline
- PCR, polymerase chain reaction
- PD1, programmed cell death protein 1
- PDL1, programmed cell death ligand 1
- PHA, phytohemagglutinin
- Programmed cell death protein 1
- SCLC, small-cell lung cancer
- Toripalimab
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Huang
- Guizhou University School of Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang 550002, China
| | - Hua Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Quan Xie
- Guizhou University School of Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xiaobin Tian
- Guizhou University School of Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xianteng Yang
- Guizhou University School of Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang 550002, China
| | - Fan Feng
- Research Center for Clinical and Translational Medicine, the 302nd Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Qiyu Jiang
- Research Center for Clinical and Translational Medicine, the 302nd Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Xinan Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Zhi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
- Corresponding authors.
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Usai C, Maestro S, Camps G, Olague C, Suárez-Amaran L, Vales A, Aragon T, Hommel M, Aldabe R, Gonzalez-Aseguinolaza G. TNF-alpha inhibition ameliorates HDV-induced liver damage in a mouse model of acute severe infection. JHEP Rep 2020; 2:100098. [PMID: 32382723 PMCID: PMC7200939 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2020.100098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS HDV infection induces the most severe form of human viral hepatitis. However, the specific reasons for the severity of the disease remain unknown. Recently, we developed an HDV replication mouse model in which, for the first time, liver damage was detected. METHODS HDV and HBV replication-competent genomes and HDV antigens were delivered to mouse hepatocytes using adeno-associated vectors (AAVs). Aminotransferase elevation, liver histopathology, and hepatocyte death were evaluated and the immune infiltrate was characterized. Liver transcriptomic analysis was performed. Mice deficient for different cellular and molecular components of the immune system, as well as depletion and inhibition studies, were employed to elucidate the causes of HDV-mediated liver damage. RESULTS AAV-mediated HBV/HDV coinfection caused hepatocyte necrosis and apoptosis. Activated T lymphocytes, natural killer cells, and proinflammatory macrophages accounted for the majority of the inflammatory infiltrate. However, depletion studies and the use of different knockout mice indicated that neither T cells, natural killer cells nor macrophages were necessary for HDV-induced liver damage. Transcriptomic analysis revealed a strong activation of type I and II interferon (IFN) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α pathways in HBV/HDV-coinfected mice. While the absence of IFN signaling had no effect, the use of a TNF-α antagonist resulted in a significant reduction of HDV-associated liver injury. Furthermore, hepatic expression of HDAg resulted in the induction of severe liver damage, which was T cell- and TNF-α-independent. CONCLUSIONS Both host (TNF-α) and viral (HDV antigens) factors play a relevant role in HDV-induced liver damage. Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of TNF-α may offer an attractive strategy to aid control of HDV-induced acute liver damage. LAY SUMMARY Chronic hepatitis delta constitutes the most severe form of viral hepatitis. There is limited data on the mechanism involved in hepatitis delta virus (HDV)-induced liver pathology. Our data indicate that a cytokine (TNF-α) and HDV antigens play a relevant role in HDV-induced liver damage.
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Key Words
- AAT, alpha-1-antitrypsin
- AAV, adeno-associated virus
- ALT, alanine aminotransferase
- AST, aspartate aminotransferase
- Antigens
- EAlb, albumin enhancer
- Etanercept
- HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma
- HDV
- Hepatitis B
- Hepatitis Delta virus
- IFN, interferon
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- IHL, Intrahepatic leukocytes
- KO, knockout
- L-HDAg, large hepatitis D antigen
- MAIT, mucosal-associated invariant T cells
- MAVS, mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein
- NK, natural killer
- NKT, natural killer T
- Rag1, recombination activating gene 1
- S-HDAg, short hepatitis D antigen
- TNF, tumor necrosis factor
- TNF-α
- Tg, transgenic
- ULN, upper limit of normal
- dpi, days post infection
- liver injury
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Cristina Olague
- Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression Program, CIMA, University of Navarra, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Navarra, IdisNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Africa Vales
- Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression Program, CIMA, University of Navarra, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Navarra, IdisNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Tomas Aragon
- Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression Program, CIMA, University of Navarra, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Navarra, IdisNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Mirja Hommel
- Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression Program, CIMA, University of Navarra, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Navarra, IdisNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Rafael Aldabe
- Corresponding authors. Address: Centro de Investigacion Medica Aplicada (CIMA), Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression program, Avda Pio XII 55, 31008 Pamplona, Spain. Tel.: 34 948194700 ext 4024; fax: 34 948194717
| | - Gloria Gonzalez-Aseguinolaza
- Corresponding authors. Address: Centro de Investigacion Medica Aplicada (CIMA), Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression program, Avda Pio XII 55, 31008 Pamplona, Spain. Tel.: 34 948194700 ext 4024; fax: 34 948194717
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Donnelly JP, Gabrovsek A, Sul L, Cotta C, Rodriguez ER, Tan CD, Hanna M. Evidence of Concurrent Light Chain and Transthyretin Cardiac Amyloidosis in 2 Patients. JACC CardioOncol 2020; 2:127-30. [PMID: 34396218 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaccao.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Key Words
- 99mTc-PYP, 99m-technetium pyrophosphate scintigraphy
- AL-CA, light chain cardiac amyloidosis
- ATTR-CA, transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis
- ATTRv, hereditary variant transthyretin amyloidosis
- ATTRwt, wild-type transthyretin amyloidosis
- ECG, electrocardiography
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- LC-MS/MS, liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
- PSM, protein spectrum match
- TTR, transthyretin
- amyloidosis
- cardiomyopathy
- diagnosis
- heart failure
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Yang X, Yu D, Xue L, Li H, Du J. Probiotics modulate the microbiota-gut-brain axis and improve memory deficits in aged SAMP8 mice. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:475-487. [PMID: 32140393 PMCID: PMC7049608 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
ProBiotic-4 is a probiotic preparation composed of Bifidobacterium lactis, Lactobacillus casei, Bifidobacterium bifidum, and Lactobacillus acidophilus. This study aims to investigate the effects of ProBiotic-4 on the microbiota–gut–brain axis and cognitive deficits, and to explore the underlying molecular mechanism using senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) mice. ProBiotic-4 was orally administered to 9-month-old SAMP8 mice for 12 weeks. We observed that ProBiotic-4 significantly improved the memory deficits, cerebral neuronal and synaptic injuries, glial activation, and microbiota composition in the feces and brains of aged SAMP8 mice. ProBiotic-4 substantially attenuated aging-related disruption of the intestinal barrier and blood–brain barrier, decreased interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α at both mRNA and protein levels, reduced plasma and cerebral lipopolysaccharide (LPS) concentration, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression, and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) nuclear translocation in the brain. In addition, not only did ProBiotic-4 significantly decreased the levels of γ-H2AX, 8-hydroxydesoxyguanosine, and retinoic-acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I), it also abrogated RIG-I multimerization in the brain. These findings suggest that targeting gut microbiota with probiotics may have a therapeutic potential for the deficits of the microbiota–gut–brain axis and cognitive function in aging, and that its mechanism is associated with inhibition of both TLR4-and RIG-I-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway and inflammatory responses.
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Key Words
- 8-OHdG, 8-hydroxydesoxyguanosine
- AAMI, age-associated memory impairment
- AD, Alzheimer's disease
- BBB, blood–brain barrier
- CFU, colony-forming units
- Cognitive decline
- ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- F/B, Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes
- GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein
- HE, hematoxylin and eosin
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- IL-6, interleukin-6
- Iba-1, ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule-1
- LPS, lipopolysaccharide
- MCI, mild cognitive impairment
- Microbiota–gut–brain axis
- NF-κB
- NF-κB, nuclear factor-κB
- NMDS, non-metric multidimensional scaling
- OTU, operational taxonomic unit
- PAMP, pathogen-associated molecular pattern
- Probiotics
- RIG-I
- RIG-I, retinoic-acid-inducible gene-I
- SAMP8 mice
- SAMP8, senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8
- SYN, synaptophysin
- TEM, transmission electron microscopy
- TLR4
- TLR4, toll-like receptor 4
- TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α
- VE-cadherin, vascular endothelial-cadherin
- ZO-1, zona occluden-1
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Kim BG, Song JY, Zo S, Im Y, Choi S, Han J, Jeong BH, Kim H. S-100-Negative malignant pulmonary granular cell tumor: A case report. Respir Med Case Rep 2020; 29:101002. [PMID: 32015959 PMCID: PMC6992531 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmcr.2020.101002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant pulmonary granular cell tumor (GCT) is extremely rare and difficult to distinguish from benign GCT. Most GCTs are neural-type and express S-100. However, a small subset of tumors sub-classified as the non-neural type do not express S-100. We report a case of malignant non-neural-type GCT in the lungs. A 77-year-old woman felt chest discomfort and dyspnea in July 2019. She had never smoked and had no medical history other than hypertension and diabetes mellitus. She was initially evaluated at a local hospital. Flexible bronchoscopy showed total occlusion of the right main bronchus by a mass-like lesion. Biopsy of the mass lesion revealed chronic inflammation. The patient visited for re-evaluation in September 2019. Rigid bronchoscopy showed worsening of the total obstruction of the right main bronchus by a tumor mass, such that the carina was not visible. Additionally, endobronchial nodules were observed on the medial side of left main bronchus. The tumor masses of both main bronchi were removed by bronchoscopic intervention, but the right main bronchus was not opened. Biopsy revealed malignant GCT, favoring the non-neuronal type (S-100-negative). We report an extremely rare case of malignant pulmonary GCT negative for S-100 in immunohistochemistry. In this case, surgical resection was not possible because the tumor was diagnosed at a fairly advanced stage and had spread to involve the contralateral main bronchus. The patient chose to be treated at another hospital and was thereafter lost to follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Guen Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ju Yeun Song
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sungmin Zo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yunjoo Im
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sangjoon Choi
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joungho Han
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Ho Jeong
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hojoong Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Qi H, Zhang H, Zhang D, Li J, Huang Z, Zhao X, Zhang J. Reassessment of prevalence of tubal endometriosis, and its associated clinicopathologic features and risk factors in premenopausal women received salpingectomy. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol X 2019; 4:100074. [PMID: 31517305 PMCID: PMC6728725 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurox.2019.100074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction To reassess the prevalence of fallopian tube endometriosis (EM), and its associated clinicopathologic characteristics and risk factors. Methods Cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2016 to August 2017. Unpregnant premenopausal women who underwent unilateral or bilateral salpingectomy due to gynecologic diseases were recruited. Patient clinical data and fallopian tube specimens were collected. Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining and CD10 immunohistochemistry were used to diagnose tubal EM. Results Tubal EM prevalence was 14.48% (161/1112, 95% confidence interval [CI] 12.41%–16.55%). Prevalence of tubal EM in patients with EM was 37.37% (95%CI 30.58%–44.17%) which is higher in patients without EM (9.52%, 95%CI 7.61%–11.42%) and even higher in those with multi-organ EM (43.94%, 95%CI 35.36%–52.52%). At unilateral or bilateral salpingectomy, tubal EM was more likely located in the left fallopian tube (52.17%) than the right one (40.37%) and presence of hydrosalpinx/ hematosalpinx increased in women with tubal EM than without tubal EM (43.47% versus 23.79%). With increasing severity of pelvic EM (r = 0.26, P<10−4) and adhesion (r = 0.25, P<10−4), the tubal EM prevalence also increased. Pathological examination found that tubal EM was more likely located in the mucosa of the proximal tube with significantly more surrounding inflammation and fibrotic lesions than the serosa/sub-serosa in the distal tube (r = 0.90, P<10−4). Multivariate analysis showed that abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) (AOR = 3.10), previous EM surgery (AOR = 4.22) and tubal ligation (AOR = 2.33) were risk factors for tubal EM. Conclusions These data provide clinicians with important information that the prevalence of tubal EM among premenopausal unpregnant patients was higher than previous investigators, especially higher among women with EM diseases. Identifying its clinicopathologic characteristics and predictors may facilitate clinical decision making.
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Key Words
- AM, adenomyosis
- AUB, Abnormal uterine bleeding
- CIs, confidence intervals
- Cross-sectional study
- DIE, deep infiltrating EM
- EM, endometriosis
- Endometriosis
- Endometriotic diseases
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- IUD, intrauterine device
- OEC, ovarian endometriotic cyst
- ORs, Odds ratios
- Prevalence
- SD, standard deviation
- TEM, tubal endometriosis
- Tubal endometriosis
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Qi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, International Peace Maternity and Child, Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory Embryo Original Diseases, China
| | - Huiyu Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, International Peace Maternity and Child, Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory Embryo Original Diseases, China
| | - Duo Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, International Peace Maternity and Child, Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory Embryo Original Diseases, China
| | - Juan Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory Embryo Original Diseases, China.,Department of Pathology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, International Peace Maternity and Child, Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory Embryo Original Diseases, China
| | - Xiaoya Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, International Peace Maternity and Child, Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory Embryo Original Diseases, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, International Peace Maternity and Child, Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory Embryo Original Diseases, China
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Li C, Ouyang N, Wang X, Liang A, Mo Y, Li S, Qiu J, Fang G, Fu Y, Song B, Chen Z, Ding Y. Association between the ABO blood group and primary knee osteoarthritis: A case-control study. J Orthop Translat 2019; 21:129-135. [PMID: 32309138 PMCID: PMC7152790 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2019.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies have suggested association between the ABO blood group and inflammation, which was a crucial pathological process of primary knee osteoarthritis. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the ABO blood group and primary knee osteoarthritis and the severity of primary knee osteoarthritis evaluated by the Kellgren/Lawrence score, as well as the histopathologic association in a subgroup of patients. Methods We performed a retrospective review of patients with primary knee osteoarthritis that served as the case group and a random sampling of healthy blood donors that served as the control group. The severity of knee osteoarthritis at the first outpatient visit was evaluated by the Kellgren/Lawrence scoring system. Further study was performed to investigate the expression of blood group antigens in synovial tissue of the knee in both cases and controls. Results A total of 1126 cases and 30299 controls were involved. The proportion of AB blood group was higher in the case group than in the control group (9.7% vs. 7.8%), and logistic regression revealed that the AB blood group was a risk factor of primary knee osteoarthritis (P = 0.025 and 0.048 for univariate and multivariate analysis, respectively), independent of age (P = 0.973) and sex (P = 0.520). Patients of the blood group AB had a higher Kellgren/Lawrence score (P = 0.017). The immunohistochemical study indicated association between LeY antigen and primary knee osteoarthritis (P = 0.029). Conclusions This study suggested that the blood group AB was associated with primary knee osteoarthritis, as well as its radiological severity. Further study indicated that LeY antigen, which was related to the blood group, was associated with primary knee osteoarthritis. Translational potential of this article This study revealed that blood group AB and LeY antigen was associated with primary knee osteoarthritis, which shed new light on the nature of osteoarthritis, and the development of novel therapy for osteoarthritis.
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Key Words
- ACR, American College of Rheumatology
- ANOVA, analysis of variance
- Blood group
- CI, confidence interval
- FUT, fucosyltransferase
- HR, hazard ratio
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- IRB, institutional review board
- K/L, Kellgren/Lawrence
- Kellgren/Lawrence
- Knee
- LeY antigen
- OA, osteoarthritis
- Osteoarthritis
- ST, synovial tissue
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Affiliation(s)
- Changchuan Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, China
| | - Nengtai Ouyang
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, China
| | - Xiuju Wang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, China
| | - Anjing Liang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, China
| | - Yingqian Mo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, China
| | - Shixun Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, China
| | - Junxiong Qiu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, China
| | - Guibin Fang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, China
| | - Yuan Fu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, China
| | - Bin Song
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, China
| | - Yue Ding
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, China
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Abdelfatah S, Berg A, Huang Q, Yang LJ, Hamdoun S, Klinger A, Greten HJ, Fleischer E, Berg T, Wong VK, Efferth T. MCC1019, a selective inhibitor of the Polo-box domain of Polo-like kinase 1 as novel, potent anticancer candidate. Acta Pharm Sin B 2019; 9:1021-1034. [PMID: 31649851 PMCID: PMC6804483 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Polo-like kinase (PLK1) has been identified as a potential target for cancer treatment. Although a number of small molecules have been investigated as PLK1 inhibitors, many of which showed limited selectivity. PLK1 harbors a regulatory domain, the Polo box domain (PBD), which has a key regulatory function for kinase activity and substrate recognition. We report on 3-bromomethyl-benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (designated: MCC1019) as selective PLK1 inhibitor targeting PLK1 PBD. Cytotoxicity and fluorescence polarization-based screening were applied to a library of 1162 drug-like compounds to identify potential inhibitors of PLK1 PBD. The activity of compound MC1019 against the PLK1 PBD was confirmed using fluorescence polarization and microscale thermophoresis. This compound exerted specificity towards PLK1 over PLK2 and PLK3. MCC1019 showed cytotoxic activity in a panel of different cancer cell lines. Mechanistic investigations in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells revealed that MCC1019 induced cell growth inhibition through inactivation of AKT signaling pathway, it also induced prolonged mitotic arrest—a phenomenon known as mitotic catastrophe, which is followed by immediate cell death via apoptosis and necroptosis. MCC1019 significantly inhibited tumor growth in vivo in a murine lung cancer model without affecting body weight or vital organ size, and reduced the growth of metastatic lesions in the lung. We propose MCC1019 as promising anti-cancer drug candidate.
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Key Words
- 3-MA, 3-methyladenine
- ABC, avidin-biotin complex
- APC/C, anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome
- BUBR1, budding uninhibited by benzimidazole-related 1
- CDC2, cell division cycle protein 2 homolog
- CDC25, cell division cycle 25
- CDK, cyclin-dependent kinase
- Cell cycle
- DAPI, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole
- DAPKs, death-associated protein kinase
- FBS, fetal bovine serum
- FOXO, forkhead box O
- HIF-1α, hypoxia-inducible factor 1 α
- IC50, 50% inhibition concentration
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- Kd, the dissociation constant
- LC3, light chain 3
- MFP, M phase promoting factor
- MST, microscale thermophoresis
- MTD, maximal tolerance dose
- Mono-targeted therapy
- Nec-1, necrostatin 1
- Necroptosis
- PARP-1, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1
- PBD, Polo box domain
- PDB, Protein Data Bank
- PI, propidium iodide
- PLK1
- PLK1, Polo-like kinase
- Polo box domain
- Polo-like kinase
- SAC, spindle assembly checkpoint
- Spindle damage
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Abdelfatah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Angela Berg
- Leipzig University, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Qi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Li Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Sami Hamdoun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | | | - Henry J. Greten
- Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto 4099-003, Portugal
| | | | - Thorsten Berg
- Leipzig University, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Vincent K.W. Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz 55128, Germany
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +49 6131 3925751; fax: +49 6131 23752.
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Matsumine H, Giatsidis G, Osada A, Kamei W, Fujimaki H, Tsukamoto Y, Hashimoto K, Fujii K, Sakurai H. Keratinocyte sheets prepared with temperature-responsive dishes show enhanced survival after in vivo grafting on acellular dermal matrices in a rat model of staged bi-layered skin reconstruction. Regen Ther 2019; 11:167-175. [PMID: 31388519 PMCID: PMC6669809 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2019.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Bi-layered skin reconstruction can be achieved by staged grafting of acellular dermal matrices (ADMs) and cultured epithelial keratinocyte sheets (KSs). Both KSs and ADMs have been used for long; yet, their combined use has shown poor effectiveness. This outcome has been related to the enzymatic treatment used in the preparation of KSs, which impairs their adhesion potential to ADMs and the formation of a basement membrane (BM). Temperature-responsive (TR) culture dishes allow for enzyme-free preparation of KSs with preservation of BMs and intercellular adhesion proteins; yet, their use has not been previously applied to staged bi-layered skin reconstruction. Using an in vivo rat model, we tested the hypothesis that TR cultures enhance KSs survival and BM preservation after sequential grafting on ADMs. Methods In nude rats (n = 9/group), a 9-cm [2] full-thickness dorsal skin defect was repaired with a commercial ADM. At 2 weeks after surgery, we grafted the ADM with KSs (circular, 25 mm diameter), prepared from human cells either by enzymatic Dispase treatment (DT control group) or a TR culture dish (TR experimental group). KSs survival and BMs preservation was assessed one week later by digital imaging, histology (hematoxylin & eosin), immunohistochemistry (collagen IV, pancytokeratins) and immunofluorescence (cytokeratin 1-5-6, laminin). Results The TR group showed a significantly higher KSs survival (120 ± 49 vs. 63 ± 42 mm2; p < 0.05) and epidermal thickness (165 ± 79 vs. 65 ± 54 μm; p < 0.01) compared with the control DT group, as well as higher epidermal maturation (cytokeratin) and a denser laminin and Collagen IV expression in the BMs in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion These findings suggest that KSs prepared with TR culture dishes have significantly enhanced survival when grafted on ADMs; these outcomes could help improve current clinical strategies in wound care by skin reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Matsumine
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Giorgio Giatsidis
- The Division of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Atsuyoshi Osada
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Wataru Kamei
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Fujimaki
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Tsukamoto
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Kazuki Hashimoto
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Kaori Fujii
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sakurai
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
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Dhanjal TS, Lellouche N, von Ruhland CJ, Abehsira G, Edwards DH, Dubois-Randé JL, Moschonas K, Teiger E, Williams AJ, George CH. Massive Accumulation of Myofibroblasts in the Critical Isthmus Is Associated With Ventricular Tachycardia Inducibility in Post-Infarct Swine Heart. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2019; 3:703-714. [PMID: 28770255 PMCID: PMC5527067 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2016.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Objectives In this study the authors determined the extent of cellular infiltration and dispersion, and regional vascularization in electrophysiologically (EP) defined zones in post–myocardial infarction (MI) swine ventricle. Background The critical isthmus (CI) in post-MI re-entrant ventricular tachycardia (VT) is a target for catheter ablation. In vitro evidence suggests that myofibroblasts (MFB) within the scar border zone (BZ) may increase the susceptibility to slow conduction and VT, but whether this occurs in vivo remains unproven. Methods Six weeks after mid–left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion, EP catheter-based mapping was used to assess susceptibility to VT induction. EP data were correlated with detailed cellular profiling of ventricular zones using immunohistochemistry and spatial distribution analysis of cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, MFB, and vascularization. Results In pigs with induced sustained monomorphic VT (mean cycle length: 353 ± 89 ms; n = 6) the area of scar that consisted of the BZ (i.e., between the normal and the low-voltage area identified by substrate mapping) was greater in VT-inducible hearts (iVT) than in noninducible hearts (non-VT) (p < 0.05). Scar in iVT hearts was characterized by MFB accumulation in the CI (>100 times that in normal myocardium and >5 times higher than that in the BZ in non-VT hearts) and by a 1.7-fold increase in blood vessel density within the dense scar region extending towards the CI. Sites of local abnormal ventricular activity potentials exhibited cellularity and vascularization that were intermediate to the CI in iVT and BZ in non-VT hearts. Conclusions The authors reported the first cellular analysis of the VT CI following an EP-based zonal analysis of iVT and non-VT hearts in pigs post-MI. The data suggested that VT susceptibility was defined by a remarkable number of MFB in the VT CI, which appeared to bridge the few remaining dispersed clusters of cardiomyocytes. These findings define the cellular substrate for the proarrhythmic slow conduction pathway.
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Key Words
- BZ, border zone
- CI, critical isthmus
- CM, cardiomyocytes
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- EP, electrophysiology
- FB, fibroblasts
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- LAD, left anterior descending
- LAVA, local abnormal ventricular activity
- MFB, myofibroblasts
- MI, myocardial infarction
- MRI, magnetic resonance imaging
- VT
- VT, ventricular tachycardia
- Vim, vimentin
- border zone
- cTnT, cardiac troponin T
- critical isthmus
- iVT, inducible ventricular tachycardia
- myocardial infarction
- myofibroblasts
- pig
- vWF, von Willebrand factor
- α-SMA, α-smooth muscle actin
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarvinder S. Dhanjal
- School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
- Hôpital Henri Mondor Albert Chenevier, DHU-ATVB, Inserm U955, IMRB, University Paris Est Creteil Paris XII, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Lellouche
- Hôpital Henri Mondor Albert Chenevier, DHU-ATVB, Inserm U955, IMRB, University Paris Est Creteil Paris XII, Paris, France
| | | | - Guillaume Abehsira
- Hôpital Henri Mondor Albert Chenevier, DHU-ATVB, Inserm U955, IMRB, University Paris Est Creteil Paris XII, Paris, France
| | - David H. Edwards
- School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
- Institute of Life Sciences, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Jean-Luc Dubois-Randé
- Hôpital Henri Mondor Albert Chenevier, DHU-ATVB, Inserm U955, IMRB, University Paris Est Creteil Paris XII, Paris, France
| | | | - Emmanuel Teiger
- Hôpital Henri Mondor Albert Chenevier, DHU-ATVB, Inserm U955, IMRB, University Paris Est Creteil Paris XII, Paris, France
| | - Alan J. Williams
- School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
- Institute of Life Sciences, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher H. George
- School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
- Institute of Life Sciences, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, Wales, United Kingdom
- Address for correspondence: Dr. Christopher H. George, Swansea University Medical School, Institute of Life Sciences, Singleton Park, Swansea, Wales SA2 8PP, United Kingdom.Swansea University Medical SchoolInstitute of Life Sciences, Singleton ParkSwanseaWales SA2 8PPUnited Kingdom
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Chang L, Hu Y, Fu Y, Zhou T, You J, Du J, Zheng L, Cao J, Ying M, Dai X, Su D, He Q, Zhu H, Yang B. Targeting slug-mediated non-canonical activation of c-Met to overcome chemo-resistance in metastatic ovarian cancer cells. Acta Pharm Sin B 2019; 9:484-495. [PMID: 31193822 PMCID: PMC6543058 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis-associated drug resistance accounts for high mortality in ovarian cancer and remains to be a major barrier for effective treatment. In this study, SKOV3/T4, a metastatic subpopulation of ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells, was enriched to explore potential interventions against metastatic-associated drug resistance. Quantitative genomic and functional analyses were performed and found that slug was significantly increased in the SKOV3/T4 subpopulation and contributed to the high resistance of SKOV3/T4. Further studies showed that slug activated c-Met in a ligand-independent manner due to elevated levels of fibronectin and provoked integrin α V function, which was confirmed by the significant correlation of slug and p-Met levels in 121 ovarian cancer patient samples. Intriguingly, c-Met inhibitor(s) exhibited greatly enhanced anti-cancer effects in slug-positive ovarian cancer models both in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, IHC analyses revealed that slug levels were highly correlated with reduced survival of ovarian cancer patients. Taken together, this study not only uncovers the critical roles of slug in drug resistance in ovarian cancer but also highlights a promising therapeutic strategy by targeting the noncanonical activation of c-Met in slug-positive ovarian cancer patients with poor prognosis.
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Key Words
- CO2, carbon dioxide
- DMEM, Dulbecco׳s modified Eagle׳s medium
- Drug resistance
- EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor
- ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- EMT, epithelial-mesenchymal transition
- FBS, fetal bovine serum
- HGF, hepatocyte growth factor
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- ITGA5, integrin subunit alpha 5
- OS, overall survival
- Ovarian cancer
- PBS, phosphate buffered solution
- PFS, progression-free survival
- PPS, postprogression survival
- PVDF, polyvinylidene fluoride
- SDS, sodium dodecyl sulfate
- Slug
- TGF-β, transforming growth factor-beta
- VEGFR, kinase insert domain receptor
- XL184
- c-Met
- cDNA, complementary DNA
- qRT-PCR, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction
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50
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Frigerio
- Department of Dermatology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Tuna Toptan
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Yuan Chang
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - James Abbott
- Department of Dermatology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Sarah D Cipriano
- Department of Dermatology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Anneli R Bowen
- Department of Dermatology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
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