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Milenkovic D, Rodriguez‐Mateos A, Lucosz M, Istas G, Declerck K, Sansone R, Deenen R, Köhrer K, Corral‐Jara KF, Altschmied J, Haendeler J, Kelm M, Berghe WV, Heiss C. Flavanol Consumption in Healthy Men Preserves Integrity of Immunological-Endothelial Barrier Cell Functions: Nutri(epi)genomic Analysis. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2100991. [PMID: 35094491 PMCID: PMC9787825 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE While cocoa flavanol (CF) consumption improves cardiovascular risk biomarkers, molecular mechanisms underlying their protective effects are not understood. OBJECTIVE To investigate nutri(epi)genomic effects of CF and identify regulatory networks potential mediating vascular health benefits. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty healthy middle-aged men consume CF (bi-daily 450 mg) or control drinks for 1 month. Microarray analysis identifies 2235 differentially expressed genes (DEG) involved in processes regulating immune response, cell adhesion, or cytoskeleton organization. Distinct patterns of DEG correlate with CF-related changes in endothelial function, arterial stiffness, and blood pressure. DEG profile negatively correlates with expression profiles of cardiovascular disease patients. CF modulated DNA methylation profile of genes implicates in cell adhesion, actin cytoskeleton organization, or cell signaling. In silico docking analyses indicate that CF metabolites have the potential of binding to cell signaling proteins and transcription factors. Incubation of plasma obtained after CF consumption decrease monocyte to endothelial adhesion and dose-dependently increase nitric oxide-dependent chemotaxis of circulating angiogenic cells further validating the biological functions of CF metabolites. CONCLUSION In healthy humans, CF consumption may mediate vascular protective effects by modulating gene expression and DNA methylation towards a cardiovascular protective effect, in agreement with clinical results, by preserving integrity of immunological-endothelial barrier functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragan Milenkovic
- Department of NutritionUniversity of California DavisDavisCA95616USA,INRAEUNHUniversité Clermont AuvergneClermont‐FerrandF‐63000France
| | - Ana Rodriguez‐Mateos
- Division of CardiologyPulmonology, and Vascular MedicineMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany,Department of Nutritional SciencesSchool of Life Course and Population SciencesFaculty of Life Sciences and MedicineKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Margarete Lucosz
- Division of CardiologyPulmonology, and Vascular MedicineMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Geoffrey Istas
- Division of CardiologyPulmonology, and Vascular MedicineMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany,Department of Nutritional SciencesSchool of Life Course and Population SciencesFaculty of Life Sciences and MedicineKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Ken Declerck
- PPESDepartment of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Antwerp (UA)WilrijkBelgium
| | - Roberto Sansone
- Division of CardiologyPulmonology, and Vascular MedicineMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - René Deenen
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ)Heinrich Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ)Heinrich Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany
| | | | - Joachim Altschmied
- Environmentally‐induced Cardiovascular DegenerationClinical Chemistry and Laboratory DiagnosticsMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich‐Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany,IUF‐Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental MedicineDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Judith Haendeler
- Environmentally‐induced Cardiovascular DegenerationClinical Chemistry and Laboratory DiagnosticsMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich‐Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Malte Kelm
- Division of CardiologyPulmonology, and Vascular MedicineMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Wim Vanden Berghe
- PPESDepartment of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Antwerp (UA)WilrijkBelgium
| | - Christian Heiss
- Division of CardiologyPulmonology, and Vascular MedicineMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany,Clinical Medicine SectionDepartment of Clinical and Experimental MedicineFaculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of SurreyGuildfordUK,Department of Vascular MedicineSurrey and Sussex NHS Healthcare TrustEast Surrey HospitalRedhillUK
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Shi W, Bian L, Lv D, Bi S, Dai Y, Yang K, Lu H, Zhou H, Que Y, Wang D, Zhang Z, Lu N. Enhanced neural differentiation of neural stem cells by sustained release of Shh from TG2 gene-modified EMSC co-culture in vitro. Amino Acids 2020; 53:11-22. [PMID: 33245424 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-020-02918-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
As a promising cell therapy, neural crest-derived ectoderm mesenchymal stem cells (EMSCs) secrete high amounts of extracellular matrix (ECM) and neurotrophic factors, promoting neural stem cell (NSC) differentiation into neuronal lineages and aiding tissue regeneration. Additionally, the forced overexpression of secreted proteins can increase the therapeutic efficacy of the secretome. Tissue transglutaminase (TG2) is a ubiquitously expressed member of the transglutaminase family of calcium-dependent crosslinking enzymes, which can stabilize the ECM, inducing smart or living biomaterial to stimulate differentiation and enhance the neurogenesis of NSCs. In this study, we examined the neuronal differentiation of NSCs induced by TG2 gene-modified EMSCs (TG2-EMSCs) in a co-culture model directly. Two weeks after initiating differentiation, levels of the neuronal markers, tubulin beta 3 class III and growth-associated protein 43, were higher in NSCs in the TG2-EMSC co-culture group and those of the astrocytic marker glial fibrillary acidic protein were lower, compared with the control group. These results were confirmed by immunofluorescence, and laminin, fibronectin and sonic hedgehog (Shh) contributed to this effect. The results of western blot analysis and the enzyme-linked immunoassay showed that after TG2-EMSCs were co-cultured for 2 weeks, they expressed much higher levels of Shh than the control group. Moreover, the sustained release of Shh was observed in the TG2-EMSC co-culture group. Overall, our findings indicate that EMSCs can induce the differentiation of NSCs, of which TG2-EMSCs can promote the differentiation of NSCs compared with EMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Shi
- School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Bian
- School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Demin Lv
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiqi Bi
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Dai
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaiyuan Yang
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Lu
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, People's Republic of China
| | - Huangao Zhou
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunduan Que
- Nanjing Gaochun People's Hospital, Nanjing, 211300, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongming Wang
- Nanjing Gaochun People's Hospital, Nanjing, 211300, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijian Zhang
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, People's Republic of China
| | - Naiyan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, People's Republic of China.
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Biomechanical Cues Direct Valvulogenesis. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2020; 7:jcdd7020018. [PMID: 32438610 PMCID: PMC7345189 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd7020018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The vertebrate embryonic heart initially forms with two chambers, a ventricle and an atrium, separated by the atrioventricular junction. Localized genetic and biomechanical information guides the development of valves, which function to ensure unidirectional blood flow. If the valve development process goes awry, pathology associated with congenital valve defects can ensue. Congenital valve defects (CVD) are estimated to affect 1–2% of the population and can often require a lifetime of treatment. Despite significant clinical interest, molecular genetic mechanisms that direct valve development remain incompletely elucidated. Cells in the developing valve must contend with a dynamic hemodynamic environment. A growing body of research supports the idea that cells in the valve are highly sensitive to biomechanical forces, which cue changes in gene expression required for normal development or for maintenance of the adult valve. This review will focus on mechanotransductive pathways involved in valve development across model species. We highlight current knowledge regarding how cells sense physical forces associated with blood flow and pressure in the forming heart, and summarize how these changes are transduced into genetic and developmental responses. Lastly, we provide perspectives on how altered biomechanical cues may lead to CVD pathogenesis.
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Ruan CC, Gao PJ. Role of Complement-Related Inflammation and Vascular Dysfunction in Hypertension. Hypertension 2019; 73:965-971. [PMID: 30929519 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.118.11210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chao Ruan
- From the State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Department of Hypertension at Ruijin Hospital and Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Ping-Jin Gao
- From the State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Department of Hypertension at Ruijin Hospital and Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
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Zhang N, Newman PJ. Packaging functionally important plasma proteins into the α-granules of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived megakaryocytes. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 13:244-252. [PMID: 30556311 DOI: 10.1002/term.2785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The contents of platelet α-granules arrive via a number of pathways; some are synthesized by megakaryocytes (MKs), for example, von Willebrand factor (VWF), whereas others are endocytosed from plasma, for example, fibrinogen (Fgn) and factor V (FV). Currently, almost all in vitro-induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived MKs are generated under serum-free conditions, and their α-granule cargoes lack components that would normally be taken up from plasma during the course of megakaryopoiesis. How this might affect the ability of in vitro-derived platelets to contribute fully to haemostasis is not known. The purpose of this investigation was to examine whether "feeding" human plasma to iPSC-derived MKs might result in loading their α-granules with physiologically important proteins. iPSCs were differentiated to CD41+ /CD42b+ MKs using a serum-free protocol. The resulting MKs were polyploid, expressed a number of platelet-specific surface receptors, and spread on Fgn or collagen-coated surfaces. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis detected mRNA transcripts for FV and VWF but not Fgn chains. Fluorescence immunocytochemistry and confocal microscopy confirmed constitutive VWF distribution in granule-like structures in MKs cultured under plasma-free conditions, and the granules became positive for Fgn upon incubation with human plasma. iPSC-derived MKs showed a low level of constitutive FV expression that increased dramatically upon incubation with human plasma. Taken together, these data suggest that human iPSC-derived MKs are capable of endocytosing and storing plasma components in their α-granules. Incorporating this methodology into current protocols for producing in vitro-derived MKs should provide novel insights into MK biology and lead to the generation of large numbers of MKs and platelets with improved functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanyan Zhang
- Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Peter J Newman
- Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Department of Cell Biology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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